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（完整版）关联词大全关联词大全关联词词语作为联接分句、标明关系的词语，总是标明抽象的关系，可以作为某类复句的特定的形式标志。
关联词语性质复杂。
说话时很容易发现必须带有的一到二个词语，虽然意思不同，但连在一起无论是说还是听都觉得很舒服。
常见关联词可分为以下几类复句：1.转折关系尽管……可是…… 虽然……但是…… ……却…… ……然而……2.假设关系如果……就……、即使……便…… 、要是……那么…… 、倘若……就……、既然……就……3.条件关系只要……就……、只有……才…… 、无论……都…… 、不管……也…… 、即使……也……4.因果关系因为……所以…… 、由于……因此…… 、既然……那么……、之所以……是因为……5.并列关系不是……而是……、一边……一边……、一方面……一方面……、有时……有时、既……又……6.承接关系一……就……、起先……后面……7.递进关系不但……而且……、不光……也……、不仅……还……、虽然……但、不仅……还……8.选择关系不是……就是……、是……还是……、或者……或者、要么……要么……、与其……不如……、宁可……也不……目的是偏句表示一种行为，正句表示这种行为的目的。
以便，以，用以，好，为的是；以免，免得，省得。
例：你快让他进去，以免闹情绪。
取舍在两件事情中衡量得失，选择其中的一件，舍弃另一件。
与其……，不如(无宁、宁可)；宁可(宁愿)……（也）不(不愿)。
其次了解关联词语误用情况：一个复句，用不用关联词语，用哪个关联词语，是单用还是成对地配合着用，用在什么位置，都有一定的规则。
关联词语的正确使用是靠语境判断，仔细推断出来的。
关联词语在使用上存在如下毛病：1、错用关联词语例：宋朝皇帝只知道吃喝玩乐。
为了喜欢踢球，就把一个流氓封为殿师太尉。
(应把“为了”改为“因为”)（也可以把“就”移到“因为”前面）2、关联词语搭配不当例：只有你意识到这一点，你就能深刻地了解我们战士的胸怀是多么宽广。
1 •表递进，强调besides）：除了，此外，而且（句首常用，句中，句尾均可）e.g. The house was out of our price range and too big anyway. Besides, I'd grownfond of our li卄le rented house.（反正这个房子超出了我们的预算范围，而且也太大了。
再说，我已经渐渐卑欢上我们租的小房子了）You get to sample lots of baked things and take home masses of cookies besides/你可以品尝许多烘烤食品，此外还能带许多饼干回家）11hink she has many good qualities besides being very beautiful.（我觉得她除了非常漂亮之外，还有许多好的品质）kdditionally|：另外（句首常用）e.g. All teachers are qualified to teach their native language. Additionally, weselect our teachers for their engaging personalities.（所有教0帀都具备教授其母语的资格。
另外，我们还根据富有魅力的个性来选择我们的教师）furthermore：此外，而且（句首常用）e.g.Furthermore, they claim that any such interference is completely ineffective.（此外，他们声称任何此类干涉都是完全无效的）moreover：此外，而且（句首常用，较正式）e.g. She saw that there was indeed a man immediately behind her. Moreover, hewas observing her strangely.（她看到的确有个男人紧跟在她身后。
完型文章中常见的上下文(句)逻辑关系并列关系&部分常用标志词和短语and, and also, or, neither……nor, either……or, not only……but also, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say, as well as, same……as;递进关系&部分常用标志词和短语also, then, besides, additionally, in addition, furthermore, moreover, what is more; indeed;因果关系&部分常用标志词和短语because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so.....that, such.....that, in order that, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, in response to, on account of, because of, considering that, seeing that, in that, now that, lest, as a result, for this reason;转折关系&部分常用标志词和短语but, however, yet, contrarily, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately;让步关系&部分常用标志词和短语although, though, even though, even if, even, nevertheless, despite, in spite of; regardless of;anyway, anyhow列举(顺序)关系&部分常用标志词和短语first\second\last of all, in the first place\in the second place\finally, to begin with\ to continue, first......then, on one hand......on the other hand, for one thing..for another, one..another, some..others..still others;对比关系&部分常用标志词和短语while, whereas, as, / rather than, instead of, not..... but;丽关系&部分常用标志词和短语when, whenever, before, after, since, as, while, until, till, simultaneously, meanwhile, in the meantime, at the same time;条件关系&部分常用标志词和短语if, only if, if only, unless, otherwise, as soon as, as long as, in case, suppose that, supposing that, provided that, providing that, when, whenever, with;举例关系&部分常用标志词和短语such as, for example, for instance, of (these, those, them), among (these, those, them), to illustrate, as an illustration, to take an example, more specifically speaking, namely;关联词运用实例说明1.表示举例说明a case in point, after all, as a proof, as an illustration, as an example, for example, for instance, in particular, just as, namely, such, specifically, that is, to illustrate, to demonstratea)Many southern cities are growing above the national average- Atlanta is a case in point.b)The news about calcium and kidney stones is a case in point.c)Prisoners shouldbe treated with respect- they are human beings after all.d)These are, after all, very familiar species.e)It's extremely expensive to live in New York. For example, I pay $1, 250 for a one-bedroom apartment.f)Many countries, for example Mexico and Japan, have a lot of earthquakes.g)Old English was in many ways similar to Modern German. For instance, the nouns, adjectives, and verbs were highly inflected.h)We need to rethink the way we consume energy. Take, for instance, our approach to transport.i)Automobile prices in particular have fallen in recent months.j)His last album sold half a million copies and we hope this one will be just as(=equally) popular.k)One of the most important stages has yet to be started, namely beginning to fit the person into their new job.l)The issues are in two main clusters, namely the safety and the pricing and procurement of drugs.m)The rules make it quite clear what should be done in such a situation.n) We're talking about money -specifically, the money we need to repair our schools.o) One solution would be to change the shape of the screen, that is, to make it wider.2.表示增补意义additionally, again, along with, also, and, and then, as well as, besides, equally, even, further, furthermore, in addition, in other words, just as, likewise, moreover, not only...but also, similarly, to put it another way, to repeat, then, too, what's morea)They may also additionally represent much more; they may indeed have a highly integrating social function.b)And again, these workshops will benefit the community considerably.c)Dunne was murdered, along with three guards.d)Sugar is bad for your teeth. It can also contribute to heart disease.e)This is a flexible and user-friendly system suitable for beginners and advanced users alike.f)Fry the onions gently, and then add the meat and cook for a few minutes.g)The organization gives help and support to people in need, as well as raising money for local charities.h)People choose jobs for other reasons besides money.i)We want the economy to grow, but equally we want low inflation.j)It is possible to make good movies cheaply. Further, "low-budget" doesn't have to mean "bad."k)The majority of Americans increased their wealth in the past decade. Furthermore, the gains were substantial.l) A new security system was installed. In addition, extra guards were hired.m)The company provides cheap Internet access. In addition, it makes shareware freely available.n) The tax only affects people on incomes over $200, 000-in other words, the very rich.o)The clams were delicious. Likewise, the eggplant was excellent.p)Using language is a very complex enterprise. Moreover, there is more to communication than merely putting sentences together.q)The system was not only complicated but also ineffective.r)The cost of food and clothing has come down in recent years. Similarly, fuel prices have fallen quite considerably.s)Money makes money. To put it another way, the more you invest, the greater yourpotential profit will be.t)The problem demands a global solution. To put it another way, local regulations will have very little effect.u)First you need to collect all the information and make detailed notes. Then you can start to actually write your essay.v)Think about what you owe, too, in terms of mortgages, credit cards, loans or hire purchase.w)Gas is a. very efficient fuel. And what' s more, it's clean.3.表示丽above all, anyway, as a matter of fact, certainly, indeed, in fact, in particular, most important, obviously, of course, surely, to be sure, truly, undoubtedly, without doubta)Although it is somewhat limited in its applications it is easy to operate and above all it is fun.b)He got lost and spent hours looking for the station, and anyway it was past midnight by the time he got home.c)And, as a matter of fact, the U. S. Golf Association was delighted.d)Books and people certainly affected him.e)Most of the essays were very good indeed.f)Her teachers said she was a slow learner, whereas in fact she was partially deaf.g)Automobile prices in particular have fallen in recent months.h)But the reverse is true when an attorney represents a person who is obviously guilty or whose guilt is widely perceived.i)This is very obviously the approach of some one writing exclusively and specifically for the young.j)Of course there will be some difficult times ahead.k)If a sign were needed that the Internet has become a real market, the arrival of tax avoidance is surely it.l)Throwing money at the problem is surely not the way to convince people of sincerity.m)It was difficult, to be sure, but somehow we managed to finish the job.n) If we truly believe we can win, then we have a very good chance at doing it.o)Undoubtedly, public interest in folk music has declined.p)Solly was without doubt one of the finest swimmers in the school.10.表示顺序and, besides, finally, first, firstly, further, in the first place, last, next, second, secondly, third, thirdly, to begin with, to start with,a)It also assigned staff people to work with individual companies that wanted to launch a program.b)This is a flexible and user-friendly system suitable for beginners and advanced users alike.c)You need to know what tights you have and how to use them.d)Besides going to aerobics twice a week, she tides horses on Saturdays.e)And finally, I' d like to thank the crew.f)First, I'd like to thank everyone for coming.g)The application of the five stages to the task illustrated would involve, firstly, the definition of the task.h)It is possible to make good movies cheaply. Further, "low-budget" doesn't have tomean "bad."i)And there i. s the question of the relevance of the trading of information in thefirst place.j)Connect the red wires first and the black ones last.k)First you need to select the text you want to move. Next, click on the "Move" command at the top of the screen.l)But, second, in the vast majority of markets, efficient production can be attained with a high degree of competition.m)The more you practise the better you will become at selecting historical information to suit firstly your essay and secondly your argument.n)To begin with, much of this new housing is not affordable.o)I' m not going to Vegas. To start with, I don' t like gambling, and I also can' t get time off work.3、观点转折，反面论证4.表示对比或对照by contrast, but, conversely, in contrast, instead, on the contrary, on the other hand, otherwise, unlike, whereas, while, yeta)The birth rate for older women has declined, but, by contrast, births to teenage mothers have increased.b)The purpose of the scheme is not to help the employers but to provide work for young people.c)American consumers prefer white eggs; conversely, British buyers like brown eggs.d)Scandinavian cruises are very popular in the summer; conversely, the Carib bean is most popular in the winter.e)The stock lost 60 cents a share, in contrast to last year, when it gained 21 cents.f)Instead of being annoyed, he seemed quite pleased.g)It wasn't a good thing; on the contrary it was a huge mistake.h)Nuclear power is relatively cheap. On the other hand, you could argue that it's not safe.i)It is equally vital that both should be mentioned, otherwise a client, particularly a buyer, could be seriously misled.j)Unlike most people in the office, I don't come to work by car.k)A bowl of instant oatmeal costs about $1. 5, whereas regular oatmeal costs only $0.5 per bowl.l)The old system was fairly complicated whereas the new system is really very simple.m)Schools in the north tend to be better equipped, while those in the south are relatively poor.n)Last summer there was a drought, yet some people were still watering their lawns every day.5.表示比较by comparison, equally, equally important, in comparison, in the same way, in the same manner, like, likewise, similarlya)After months of living in a tropical climate, Spain seemed cool by comparison.b)By comparison with other European countries, car prices in the UK are very high.c)Even when the correct word was given a high probability, there were many other words with an equally high probability.d)Many business people do not know what sexual harassment is. Equally important, they do not know how to prevent it.e)an extremely unpleasant disease which is, however, easy to treatf)Cotton production was on the increase. However, it was still a small industry compared to hemp and canvas production.g)The deaf children of hearing parents are almost normal in comparison, having everything except language experience.h)There is often stronger social control evident in the socialisation of girls in comparison to boys.i)Good management accounts separate the well-organised from the rest but are not vital in the same way.j)I don't want him treating me like Jim treated me.k)The clams were delicious. Likewise, the eggplant was excellent.l)The cost of food and clothing has come down in recent years. Similarly, fuel prices have fallen quite considerably.6.表示让步admittedly, after all, all the same, although, certainly, clearly, even so, it is true (that), in spite of, nevertheless, of course, still, truea)The technique is painful, admittedly, but it benefits the patient greatly.b)Printing and presentation should be as attractive as possible- after all the library is an attractive place, isn't it?c)I realise she can be very annoying, but I think you should apologise all the same.d)We decided to take rooms in Longwood House, although we knew we could not really afford the rent.e)We are not especially well-treated, certainly not as well as the locals.f)Clearly, the racial problems in America have no easy answers.g)The fines for speeding are large, but even so, they are not always a deterrent.h)And it is true that after his death she ceased to exist for the world beyond the farm.i)But in spite of the hardships, real efforts and progress are being made.j) A false belief may nevertheless be justified.k)Though employment growth is down, the area is still attracting health care, high tech, banking and sports-related industries.8.表示转折although, but, despite, except for, though, however, in spite of, instead, nevertheless, on the other hand, otherwise, rather than, though, yeta)You can copy down my answers, although I'm not sure if they're right.b)In the US it is normal for the police to carry guns, but not in Britain.c)Despite international pressure, progress has slowed in the peace talks.d)Pen Pros: Except for personal letters, handwritten notes are withering into extinction.e)The rooms, though small, were pleasant and airy.f)This is a cheap and simple process. However there are dangers.g)In spite of her success, Spencer continues to get depressed.h)Cardew did not join the navy. Instead, he decided to join the theater and become an actor.i)Thus we can talk of a local government system which is different from a central government system but nevertheless interacts with it.j)Reintroduction of food after elemental regimens must nevertheless be undertaken with the greatest of care irrespective of whether or not elimination diets are used.k)The hamburger was tough and overcooked. The fries, on the other hand, were terrific, and well worth the money.l)Stir the sauce until it cools, otherwise it will be lumpy.m)It presumes that reality is dynamic rather than static, and therefore seeks relationships between ideas, to aim at synthesis.n)There is no important theory-based reason why these countries rather than others were selected.o)The offenders were dealt with firmly though fairly.p)They charge incredibly high prices, yet customers keep coming back for more. 7.表示结果accordingly, as a result, consequently, for this reason, hence, in this way, so, therefore, thusa)Some of the laws were contradictory. Accordingly, measures were taken to clarify them.b)As many as 2, 500 people died as a result of the earthquake and the ensuing tidal waves.c)Most computer users have never received any formal keyboard training. Consequently, their keyboard skills are inefficient.d)The cost of transport is a major expense for an industry. Hence factory location is an important consideration.e)In this way normal healthy people may be tested without inducing any damage in their brain.f)The building work is taking quite a long time, and therefore costing us money.g)Most of the evidence was destroyed in the fire. Thus it would be almost impossible to prove him guilty.9.表示结论as has been noted(mentioned, stated), at last, finally, in a word, all in all, in brief, in conclusion, in short, in sum, in summary, to conclude, to sum up, to summarizea)An inhibition,as mentioned above,is rarely used.b)At last, we were able to afford a house.c)We finally found a decent apartment close to campus.d)Pop, in a word, is fascination versus meaning.e)It was,all in all,more like a prison than an office.f)In brief,the President plarts to cut defense spellding and lowet taxes.g)In conclusion,I want to thank all the people who havveolunteered their time to our organization.h)In short,the report says that more money should be spent on education.i)In sum,we need to cut costs.j)In summary, do not sell your shares.k)To conclude, theprospects for philosophy of religion look brighter than they have done for many moons.l)To sum up, for a healthy heart you must take regular exercise and stop smoking. rn) Tosummarize, in most cases the schools were achieving the standards set.。
常见逻辑连词箭头
常见的逻辑连词箭头包括：
1. 因果关系：因为（因为...所以...）、导致、由于、所以、因此、故而、于是等。
例如：他没去上班，因为生病了。
2. 条件关系：如果、只要、除非、假如、倘若、如若等。
例如：如果明天下雨，我们就取消野餐计划。
3. 递进关系：而且、进而、并且、又、再、而、且等。
例如：他努力学习，而且取得了好成绩。
4. 对比关系：但是、然而、却、而、与...相反、虽然...但是等。
例如：他工作很认真，但是经常迟到。
5. 选择关系：或者、要么、或、还是等。
例如：你要去图书馆学习，或者在家看书都可以。
6. 让步关系：虽然、尽管、纵使、即使、不管等。
例如：尽管下雨，但他还是出门锻炼。
7. 推理关系：所以、由此可见、因此、可以推断等。
例如：他一直专心学习，所以进步很快。
8. 并列关系：和、与、以及等。
例如：我喜欢听音乐和看电影。
汉语关联词的逻辑关系所谓关联词，就把两个或两个以上在意义上有密切联系的句子组合在一起，叫复句，也叫关联句。
复句通常用一些关联词语来连接。
它有如下特点：第一，作为联接分句、标明关系的词语，关联词语总是标明抽象的关系，可以作为某类复句的特定的形式标志。
第二，关联词语性质复杂。
第三，说话时很容易发现必须带有的一到二个词语，虽然意思不同，但连在一起无论是说还是听都觉得很舒服。
关联词大全 - 最常用的关联词有哪些（一）1 并列关系：概念：各分句间所表示的意思、事件或动作是并列平行关系，有的分句分别说明描述几种情况，有的分句表示相对相反或同时发生的几种情况。
……又……又…………一边……一边……例：弟弟一边唱歌，一边跳舞。
……有时……有时…………一会儿……一会儿…………既……又……例：李老师既会拉小提琴, 又会吹笛子。
……也……例：爸爸不抽烟, 也很少喝酒。
有的……有的，一方面……一方面，有时候……有时候，那么……那么，既……又，也，又，还，同时。
不是……而是、是……不是……。
2 承接关系概念：各分句表示连续发生的事情或动作，分句有先后顺序。
……一……就（便）……例：我一做好功课, 便到球场踢球。
……首先……然后…………便…………於是…………才……例：哥哥拟好作文大纲, 才打草稿。
3 递进关系：概念：由两个有递进关系的分句组成，后一分句在意思上比前一分句更近一层。
……不但……而且……例：地球上不但有氧气，而且还有氮气。
……不仅……还……例：博尔特不仅夺得了金牌，还打破了世界纪录。
……不但不……反而…………连……也…………何况…………甚至……不但(不仅、不只、不光)……而且(还、也、又、更)，而且，并且，况且，何况，尤其，甚至。
尚且……何况(更不用说)，别说(慢说、不要说)……连(就是)。
4 选择关系：概念：分句所说的事情不能同时并存，而是要从中选择一项。
……不是……就是……例：我们下课不是跳橡皮筋，就是踢毽子。
逻辑连接词(高一)高考精选带详解
逻辑连接词是表示语篇逻辑关系的词汇，在各种书面语表达中经常被使用。
逻辑连接
词可构成平行、转折、因果三类文言语篇结构，是衡量考生作文能力与水平的重要指标。
一、平行连接词
平行连接词表示两个意义基本相同、逻辑表达彼此对等的观点，主要有“既…又…”、“不但…而且… ”、“不是…就是…”、“或者…或者…”等。
这类连接词能够组织良
好的平行句子，实现正确的文言律言的表达。
二、转折连接词
转折连接词表示后面的句子或观点与前面的形成转折关系，有“但是”、“可是”、“然而”、“不过”等。
这类连接词能够对比形象、把握方向，有助于论述文章的论点。
三、因果连接词
因果连接词表示两个句子之间存在因果关系，主要有“因为”、“由于”、“所以”、“以是”、“以至”等。
这类词语能够表达合乎逻辑的因果关系，有利于提升文章的条理
性与逻辑性。
四、综合运用
考生如何在书面语中灵活运用这些连接词，能够显著提高文章中表达的表达能力与准
确性，如：在写作时再三利用逻辑连接词的辩证思想，实现文辞的层次性，使文章的思路
深入清晰，使协调和共鸣丰富，从而使文章表现出结构完整、条理性强等特点；此外，用
典型的文言句式，把好它们之间的联系，也能起到极为明显的作用。
总之，要使用逻辑连接词，需要尊重字面意义，遵守语境传递的内涵，注意表达的完
整性和准确性，力求文章文辞流畅、语言优雅，书写精美佳作。
语文富有文采热度逻辑关联词转折关系
虽然……但是……
尽管……还是……
……却……
……然而……
……但是……
虽然。
却
假设关系
如果……就……
要是……那么。
即便…。
也……
即使……也……
倘若……就……
要是……就……
倘若。
便。
并列关系
一边……一边……
一会儿……一会儿……
既……又……
又。
又。
一面。
一面。
递进关系
不但……而且……
不光……也……
不仅……还……
不但不……反而……
选择关系
是……还是……
要么……要么……
或者。
或者。
与其……不如……
宁可（宁愿）……也不（决不）……（后两种给出了一个正确结果和一个错误结果，与其句选后者，宁可句选前者）
因果关系
因为……所以……
之所以……是因为……
由于……因此……
既然。
也。
条件关系
只要……就……
只有……才……
无论（不论、不管、任凭）……都（也、还）。
……是……是……承接关系一……就……
首先……然后…………于是…………才…………接着……。
逻辑与关联词知识梳理：1．常用逻辑用语（1）命题命题：可以判断真假的语句叫命题；逻辑联结词：“或”“且”“非”这些词就叫做逻辑联结词；简单命题：不含逻辑联结词的命题。
复合命题：由简单命题与逻辑联结词构成的命题。
（2）复合命题的真值“非p”形式复合命题的真假：“p且q”形式复合命题的真假：“p或q”形式复合命题的真假：（3）四种命题记“若q则p”为原命题，则否命题为“若非p则非q”，逆命题为“若q则p“，逆否命题为”若非q则非p“。
其中互为逆否的两个命题同真假，即等价。
因此，四种命题为真的个数只能是偶数个。
（4）条件一般地，如果已知p⇒q，那么就说：p是q的充分条件；q是p的必要条件。
可分为四类：①充分不必要条件，即p⇒q,而q⇒p；②必要不充分条件，即p⇒q,而q⇒p；③既充分又必要条件，即p⇒q，又有q⇒p；④既不充分也不必要条件，即p⇒q，又有q⇒p。
充分条件与必要条件1、定义：对命题“若p则q”而言，当它是真命题时，p是q的充分条件，q是p的必要条件，当它的逆命题为真时，q是p的充分条件，p是q的必要条件，两种命题均为真时，称p是q的充要条件；2、在判断充分条件及必要条件时，首先要分清哪个命题是条件，哪个命题是结论，其次，结论要分四种情况说明：充分不必要条件，必要不充分条件，充分且必要条件，既不充分又不必要条件。
从集合角度看，若记满足条件p的所有对象组成集合A，满足条件q的所有对象组成集合q，则当A⊆B时，p是q的充分条件。
B⊆A时，p是q的充分条件。
A=B时，p 是q的充要条件；3、当p和q互为充要时，体现了命题等价转换的思想。
4、.要理解“充分条件”“必要条件”的概念，当“若p则q”形式的命题为真时，就记作p⇒q，称p是q的充分条件，同时称q是p的必要条件，因此判断充分条件或必要条件就归结为判断命题的真假5、要理解“充要条件”的概念，对于符号“⇔”要熟悉它的各种同义词语“等价于”，“当且仅当”，“必须并且只需”，“……，反之也真”等6、.数学概念的定义都可以看成是充要条件，既是概念的判断依据，又是概念所具有的性质7、从集合观点看，若A⊆B，则A是B的充分条件，B是A的必要条件；若A=B，则A、B 互为充要条件8、证明命题条件的充要性时，既要证明原命题成立(即条件的充分性)，又要证明它的逆命题成立(即条件的必要性).（5）全称命题与存在性命题1．全称量词与存在量词（1）全称量词：对应日常语言中的“一切”、“任意的”、“所有的”、“凡是”、“任给”、“对每一个”等词，用符号“∀”表示。
