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Unit 5V ocabulary:1. 1) keynote 2) braced3) bristle 4) superfluous5) go its own way 6) ruffled7) dedicated to 8) prop9) floundering 10) made overtures to2. 1) Well, his pet cat is often menaced by his neighbor’s vicious dog.2) Well, as the election results come in, it looks as though thecountry is swinging to the Democrats.3) Don’t worry, dear; just dip your toothbrush in salt—it’s an excellent tooth cleaner.4) They found the performance stunning and were awed into silence.5) Public opinion there is bitterly hostile to nuclear power andmorale in the industry is extremely low.6) She told me that in bed at night she often heard an eerie noisecoming from the trees outside her window.7) The lifeboat crew took them to the dock, and an ambulancerushed them all the way to hospital.8) Absolutely. He is the type of lad that once he’s made friendswith someone, it will last for life.3. 1) break down 2) broke away3) broke off 4) break out5) broke through 6) broke up7) broken with 8) break into9) break off 10) broke into4. 1) Research has shown that children who are fearful, unsociable,or bad-tempered are no more likely to suffer psychiatric disorders as adults than those lacking such traits in childhood.2) Kirk, who was running the company, wanted to make sure thatall important decisions were made on his own terms because he had a lot at stake.3) Jack Millar related some funny stories of his experiences as asalesman, much to the amusement of all present, including his family.4) With unemployment spiraling upwards, it is particularlyimportant to draw up training programs to help those laid off acquire new skills and find new jobs.5) A Hollywood star caused a commotion among the generalpublic when she claimed to have had an affair with a cabinet minister.Cloze:1.dock2. enchanting3. stay away4. glamorous5.be friends with6. flounder7.dip 8. swinging9.menace 10.dense11.chatter 12.fragranceTranslation:Maya, a mother of two, is a professional NASCAR (the National Association of Stock Car Auto Racing) driver. A year ago, she blew a right from tire in a practice run at Michigan International Speedway. With tens of thousands of boisterous fans watching on, her car swung out of control and hit an embankment at 175 miles an hour. The car was tossed up in the air in a column of dense smoke. Maya had several injuries, but a few weeks later, she was back on the track.Over the years, stock-car racing has become a glamorous sport. However, what drew Maya into racing was not glamour alone. Like many children of NASCAR drivers, Maya grew up at the races. When she was a child, she spent every Saturday watching her father, a professional racer, compete. As soon as she graduated from high school, Maya started racing professionally.Maya bristles at the suggestion that racing is a man’s sport andwomen, particularly moms should stay away from it. She makes no apology for being a mom in a male-dominated world. “This is who I am. I don’t believe women should stop being who they are when they become mothers,” Maya says. “Some people think racing is a hazardous sport, but the fact is that racing is no more dangerous than driving down the street, thanks to the combination of a set of elaborate safety measures and rigorous professional training.”。
Unit 5How to Raise a Polite Kid in This Rude World?Text and language pointsMention ill-mannered children and most people roll their eyes at the memory of a little hellion and his boorish parents. I still get angry about an incident that happened last summer.Mention ill-mannered children and most people roll their eyes at the memory of a little hellion and his boorish parents.When talking about children of bad manners, most people will show their annoyance by moving their eyes around in a circle and recall a trouble-making boy and his rude parents. roll one's eyes: move one’s eyes round and upwards, especially in order to show that one is annoyede.g. —— Marta rolled her eyes as Will started to tell another stupid joke.—— When he suggested they should buy a new car, she rolled her eyes in disbelief. hellion n. disorderly or troublesome person惹事生非的人；捣蛋鬼boorish a. resembling or characteristic of a boor; rude and clumsy in behavior; vulgar 粗野的e.g. —— I found him rather boorish and aggressive.——I‟m sick of your drunken, boorish behavior.一提到无礼的孩子, 大多数人都会因回想起惹是生非的小孩以及其粗鄙的父母而皱起眉头。
Unit 5参考译文Text A空气中什么引起肺癌？许多人认为空气污染能会导致癌症，但是到目前为止仍缺少证据。
上个月，世界卫生组织的癌症分支—国际癌症研究会声称，空气污染是一种致癌因素。
尽管医生和其他人长期凭直觉地认为差的空气质量和恶性肿瘤有关系，但是几乎没有科学组织官方地承认这种关系。
也就是说，证据不足。
致癌因素这个新的名称是以发表在《柳叶刀肿瘤学》杂志上的大量分析资料为基础的。
“ESCAPE”（空气污染效应的欧洲队列研究）试验从九个欧洲国家中对312000余人进行了历时12年之久的随访登记资料中得到数据。
调查者用了几个模型来评估空气中颗粒的大小、类型、密度或者交通方式与肺癌患病的可能性之间的关系。
他们检查了可能混淆数据的社会和经济因素，比如每人的水果消费量、年龄、性别和教育水平，并且评估了吸烟习惯。
在研究群体中一共出现了2095例肺癌患者。
调查者发现，从一个人居所周围抽样得到的空气中颗粒物质的数量和患肺癌的可能性有明显的正相关。
他们还发现，一个人家周围的道路交通车流量和患肺癌的几率有较弱但是有统计学意义的关联。
哥伦比亚大学环境卫生科学的教授Regina Santella说：“这是一个很重要的陈述/观点？”。
她认为，国际癌症研究机构决定的不寻常之处是，它指的是总体的空气污染，而不是特指一种具体的化学物质或者毒素，“这样公众容易理解”。
Santella说：“确切地讲，空气中的物质每天都会变化，在同一城市和邻里之间它都会不同”。
这是一个复杂的问题，因为空气污染包括大量的化合物。
潜在的有害化学物质从城市里汽车、卡车、工业厂房和农村地区燃烧的树叶以及其他来源进入空气。
污染物不仅仅因化学成分而不同，也区别于他们的大小和进入下呼吸道的能力。
“比如，你可能想了解那些直径小于2.5微米的颗粒。
这些空气传播的微小物质是导致健康问题的主要因素，” Santella 如是说。
美国毒理学项目目前没有把空气污染列入肺癌和其他癌症的病因。
可编辑修改精选全文完整版Text AWhat in the Air Causes Lung Cancer?空气中的什么东西导致了肺癌？Many have assumed that air pollution causes cancer, but proof was lacking. Until now.许多人都认为空气污染会导致癌症，但缺乏证据。
直到现在。
Last month (October 2013)the World Health Organization's cancer arm, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), declared that air pollution is a carcinogen. While physicians and others have long intuited a relationship between poor air quality and malignancy, few scientific organizations officially recognized the link. Proof was lacking.上个月（2013年10月），世界卫生组织的癌症部门--国际癌症研究机构（IARC）宣布，空气污染是一种致癌物。
虽然医生和其他人长期以来一直认为恶劣的空气质量与恶性肿瘤之间存在关系，但很少有科学组织正式承认这种联系。
证据是缺乏的。
The new designation rests on findings of a large analysis published in Lancet Oncology. The ESCAPE trial drew data from registries involving over 312,000 individuals in nine European countries followed for over 12 years, on average. The investigators used several models to evaluate possible associations between the sizes, types, and density of particles in air, or traffic patterns, and lung cancer cases. They checked for social and economic factors, like fruit consumed per person, age, sex, and education levels that might confound the data, and assessed smoking habits. A total of 2,095 lung cancer cases emerged within the study population. The researchers observed a clear, positive correlation between the amount of particulate matter in air sampled near a person's address and the odds of developing lung cancer. They also identified a weaker but statistically significant link between the volume of road traffic near an individual's home and the chances of a lung cancer diagnosis.这项新的指定基于发表在《柳叶刀肿瘤学》上的一项大型分析的结果。
