东盟国家社会与文化{英文版}(东盟经贸概况复习资料)

英语介绍东盟The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a regional intergovernmental organization comprising ten countries in Southeast Asia. It was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN Declaration (Bangkok Declaration) by the founding members, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. 东盟是一个由东南亚十个国家组成的地区政府间组织。

它成立于1967年8月8日在泰国曼谷，当时由印度尼西亚、马来西亚、菲律宾、新加坡和泰国签署了东盟宣言（曼谷宣言）。

The main purposes of ASEAN are to accelerate economic growth, social progress, and cultural development in the region, to promote regional peace and stability, and to enhance collaboration on economic, political, security, military, educational, and sociocultural issues. 东盟的主要目的是加速该地区的经济增长、社会进步和文化发展，促进地区和平与稳定，以及在经济、政治、安全、军事、教育和社会文化问题上加强合作。

One of the key principles of ASEAN is non-interference in the internal affairs of member states, which means that each member countryhas the right to govern its own domestic affairs without external interference or influence from other member states. 东盟的一个关键原则是不干涉成员国的内政，这意味着每个成员国有权自主治理国内事务，不受其他成员国的外部干涉或影响。

东盟经贸概况复习范围Chapter 1 General Introduction to Southeast Asia(1) In Southeast Asia, the largest, also the most populous country isIndonesia.(2) The country with the smallest area in Southeast Asia is Singapore. (4) The Mekong River is not only the biggest river in Southeast Asia butalso one of the most important international rivers in the world. (5) Vietnam and Laos adopted the people’s congress system andcommunist leadership.(6) The world’s three major barns are Siam, Yangon and Saigon.(7) Indonesia is the largest petroleum producing country in SoutheastAsia and the largest natural gas export country.(8) Laos is the only country without coastline in Southeast Asia.(9) Brunei, with the most petroleum and natural gas per capita, has beenanother rich nation in Southeast Asia.(10) Myanmar, Laos, Thailand and Cambodia, the four countries inSoutheast Asia believe in Buddhism.其中(1)(2)(8)(9)为填空题，(5)(6)(10)为选择题，(4)(7)为判断题。

英语国家社会与⽂化⼊门期末考试复习资料英语国家社会与⽂化⼊门期末考试复习资料Test paper 11. Tick the correct answer in each of the following:1. Which is the largest city in Scotland?A. CardiffB. EdinburghC. GlasgowD. Manchester2. Why did the Scottish Kings decide to form an independent singular Scottish state in the ninth century?A. They needed a unified independent nation to fight against Viking raids.B. They felt it necessary to develop their own industry.C. They were threatened by the Anglo-Saxons' invasion.D. They had to do it in order to resist the English.3. Where do the majority of people in Scotland live?A. in the HighlandsB. in the LowlandsC. in the UplandsD. in the west of Scotland4. Faced with conflicting demands the British government chose a compromise and organized a partition of Ireland, becauseA. the British government wouldn't be able to control Ireland any longer by force.B. the British government intended to satisfy both sides ----- Catholics as well as Protestants.C. Catholics in Ireland demanded a partition of Ireland.D. Protestants welcomed the idea of partition.5. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Sinn Fein is the legal political Party in Northern Ireland.B. Those who want to unite Northern Ireland with Britain are called Unionists.C. Social Democratic and Labor Party is a very important political Party in Britain.D. Those who show their loyalty to the British Crown are called Loyalists.6. In the early 1970s, the IRAA. killed many Protestants and Catholics.B. burned down the houses of Catholics.C. murdered individuals at random.D. carried out a series of bombing and shooting and attacked the security forces as their main target.7. Which of the following is NOT true about the Great Council?A. They included barons and representatives from countries and towns.B. They were sometimes summoned by the kings to contribute money.C. They later developed into what we now know as the Cabinet.D. They represented the aristocrats as well as the communities.8. Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed?A. James IIB. William of OrangeC. Oliver CromwellD. George I9. Which of the following is NOT true about the Constitution?A. It is a document which lists out the basic principles for government.B. It is the foundation of British government today.C. Conventions and Laws passed by Parliament are part of the Constitution.D. The common laws are part of the Constitution.10. How many seats in the House of Commons should a party hold at least in order to win the election?A. 651B. 326C. 626D. 35111. Which of the following party adopts a "fatherly" sense of obligation to the poorer people in the society?A. the Conservative partyB. the Liberal DemocratsC. the Party of WalesD. the Labor party12. Which of the following description about the Conservative party is NOT true?A. It has been in power for an unusually long period of time.B. It prefers policies that protect individual's rights.C. It receives a lot of the funding from big companies.D. It is known as a party of high taxation levels.13. Where is the best agricultural land in Britain?A. in the southeast of EnglandB. in the northeast of EnglandC. in the southeast of ScotlandD. in the northeast of Scotland14. Which of the following is NOT a company in the energy sector?A. ShellB. ICIC. RTZD. British Gas15. Which of the following used to be the last independent car company in the UK?A. FordB. PeugeotC. RoverD. BMW16. Which of the following did NOT belong to Romanticism?A. KeatsB. ShelleyC. WordsworthD.E. M. Foster17. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare?A. Dr. FaustusB. HamletC. FrankensteinD. Sense and Sensibility18. Which of the following was the most famous Scottish novelist?A. D. H. LawrenceB. Charles DickensC. Robert L. StevensonD. Walter Scott19. Where is the international tennis championships held?A. WembleyB. WimbledonC. St AndrewsD. Clapham20. Which of the following was the first team sport to have organized rules?A. footballB. cricketC. horse racingD. tennis21. Which of the following is NOT true about cricket in Britain?A. It is now still a snobbish game played by aristocratic people.B. Its rules are rather obscure.C. The matches last for a few days.D. The players appear to be quite formally dressed.22. Which celebration particularly happens on the Queen's birthday?A. bonfiresB. the Orange MarchC. Trooping the ColorD. masquerades23. Which of the following is true about the Guy Fawkes Night?A. It is celebrated by Scottish people in November.B. It is celebrated by English people in November.C. It is celebrated by Scottish people in August.D. It is celebrated by English people in August.24. Which of the following is true about the Gunpowder Plot?A. It was planned to kill the Protestant king and replace him with a Catholic king.B. It was planned to kill the Catholic king and replace him with a Protestant king.C. It was planned to kill King Billy and replace him with King James II.D. It was planned to kill King James II and replace him with King Billy.25. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain?A. The University of Cambridge.B. The University of Oxford.C. The University of Edinburgh.D. The University of Buckingham.26. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Parents send their children to public schools because they are rich.B. Parents send their children to public schools because their children can get better jobs when they leave school.C. Parents send their children to public schools because can have a better chance of getting into a good university.D. Parents send their children to public schools because their children prefer to go to public schools.27. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Open University? A. It's open to everybody.B. It requires no formal educational qualifications.C. No university degree is awarded.D. University courses are followed through TV, radio, correspondence, etc.28. Which of the following about the terraced houses is NOT true?A. They are most common in suburban areas.B. They are usually two-storey houses joined at each side.C. They often have a small concrete yard at the back.D. They were originally built for factory workers.29. Which of the following about the "semis" is true?A. They usually have gardens at all side.B. They normally stand together in pairs.C. They are usually located in fashionable areas in the city.D. They are considered as the most desirable home by British people.30. Which of the following about class system in the UK is NOT true?A. People of different classes tend to read different kinds of newspaper.B. Class-division is only decided by people's income.C. Though social advancement is possible, class affects a person's life-chances.D. The way people speak identifies themselves to particular class.31. The present British foreign policy is mainly influenced by the following factors exceptA. its imperial history.B. its geopolitical traits.C. its special relationship with the United States.D. its schizophrenic attitude to Europe.32. Which of the following is NOT involved in making the British foreign policy?A. The Queen of BritainB. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office.C. The Prime Minister and Cabinet.D. The Ministry of Defense and the Treasury.33. Nowadays the British foreign policy is largely shaped by its participation inA. the Commonwealth.B. the Europ0ean Economic Community.C. the United Nation, the European Union, NATO, etc.D. a European federal government.34. A free press is considered very important to the functioning of parliamentary democracy becauseA. it plays a watchdog function, keeping an eye on the government.B. it informs people about current affairs in the world.C. it provides people with subjective reports.D. it publishes short pamphlets for Parliament.35. In Britain most advertising is carriedA. in newspapers.B. on televisionC. in maganes.D. on radio.36. Which of the following about the BBC is NOT true?A. There is no advertising on any of the BBC programs.B. The BBC is funded by license fees paid by people who possess television receiving sets.C. The BBC has four television channels.D. The BBC provides the World Service throughout the world.37. The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except ____A. challenging the authority of the Pope.B. salvation through faith.C. salvation through the church.D. establishing a direct contact with God.38. Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?A. separation of state and church.B. respect of education.C. intolerant moralismD. a sense of mission.39. Lord Baltimore's feudal plan failed because __________A. there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.B. the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible.C. there was plenty of land while labor was scarce.D. the English king did not like the plan.40. Which of the following statements was NOT correct? When the Constitution was written,A. there was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.B. there was no Bill of Rights.C. the Constitution did not have any words guaranteeing the freedoms or the basic rights and privileges of citizens.D. a "Bill of Rights" was added to the Constitution 4 years after the Constitution was made.41. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes?A. The executive.B. The legislative.C. The Judicial.D. The president.42. Which of the following is NOT a power of the president?A. The president can veto any bill passed by Congress.B. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges when vacancies occur.C. The president can make laws.D. The president has broad powers, with the executive branch, to issue regulations and directives regarding the work of the federal departments.43. The United States was rated No. 1 in terms of production capacity in the world ____.A. in 1920B. in 1950C. in 1945D. in 196044. Service industry does not include _______.A. bankingB. management consultationC. airlineD. steelmaking45. The United States was rated___ in the world in terms of land area and the size of population.A. secondB. thirdC. fourthD. fifth46. Which of the following is true?A. Many Catholics are not opposed to abortion.B. Many evangelical Protestants do not object to abortion.C. Orthodox Jews are for abortion.D. Liberal Protestants and Jews join non-believers in maintaining that abortion is a basic right for women.47. Which of the following continues to have an all-male clergy?A. The Catholic Church.B. The Protestant Episcopal Church.C. The United Methodist Church.D. Jewish Congregations.48. The following are distinctively American features of religion except _____A. Various religious groups have coexisted in the U. S. more harmoniously than Europe.B. Scientific and economic advance and material prosperity have not been accompanied by a decline in religious faith.C. There has been little concentration on doctrine or religion argument in the U. S.D. There has been very much concentration on doctrine or religious argument in the U. S.49. Whitman's poetry has the following characteristics except ___.A. fragmented haunting imagesB. long irregular linesC. celebrating the American spiritD. free-flowing structure50. Mark Twain's works are characterized by the following except ___.A. sense of humorB. egotismC. jokesD. tall tales51. Three of the following are characteristics of Emily Dickenson's poems. Which one is not?A. Her poems mix gaiety and gloom.B. Her verses are filled with the names of faraway, exotic places.C. Her poems are very long and powerful.D. Her poems show that she was fascinated by both life and death.52. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in American higher education?A. Universities and collegesB. Research institutionsC. Technical institutionsD. Undergraduate institutions53. Three of the following factors have contributed to the flourishing of large universities in America, which is the exception?A. Large universities offer the best libraries and facilities for scientific research.B. Large universities provide students with "mainframe" computers.C. Large universities offer scholarships to all students.D. Large universities attract students with modern laboratories.54. Nearly all students want to get into more desirable institutions because ____.A. they find it easy for them to get jobs after having graduated from one of themB. they enjoy the high prestige of these institutionsC. they like the teachers and surroundings in these institutionsD. they prefer to have the Scholastic Aptitude Tests55. In addition to such tactics as sit-ins, young students also added ________ to educate people about the war in Vietnam.A. teach-inB. rock 'n' roll musicC. class boycottD. "march against fear"56. According to the author, three civil rights groups provided the leadership, the tactics, and the people to fight against Southern segregation. Which is the exception?A. the Student Nonviolent Coordinating CommitteeB. the Congress of Racial EqualityC. the Southern Christian Leadership ConferenceD. the Student for a Democratic Society57. A historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March on Washington of August 28, 1963 when _____ delivered his "I have a Dream" speech.A. John F. KennedyB. President JohnsonC. Martin Luther King, Jr.D. Mario Savio58. Three of the following factors contribute to the higher arrest rates among minority groups. Which is the exception?A. The aggressive nature of these groups.B. Racial prejudice against them.C. Low social status of these groups.D. Poverty and unemployment among minority groups. 59. Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime?A. briberyB. tax evasionC. false advertisingD. robbery60. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The Northern states had outlawed slavery by 1830.B. Slavery was finally abolished in the South in 1865.C. The Northern states did not have racial discrimination.D. Segregation laws continued to be enforced in Southern states until the 1950s.61. ____ had the title "the Wizard of Menlo Park".A. Thomas A EdisonB. John StevensC. Charlie ChaplinD. Robert Fulton62. ____contributed to the development of the American system of manufacture in the twentieth century.A. James K MaxwellB. Cyrus H McCormickC. Lee De ForestD. Henry Ford63. When was voice and music first transmitted over the radio?A. 1901B. end of 19th centuryC. New Year's Eve 1905D. Christmas Eve 190564. One of the oldest towns (landed in 1513) in the US is ____.A. New YorkB. BostonC. PhiladelphiaD. St Augustine65. The Granite State in the US is _____.A. New HampshireB. New York StateC. PennsylvaniaD. Florida66. ______ was twice the site of Winter Olympics.A. Schroon LakeB. Lake PlacidC. AtlantaD. Washington, D. C.67. In playing basketball, when the player bounces the ball on the floor as he moves around the court, this is called ___.A. passB. walkC. stealD. dribble68. In playing basketball, misbehavior or unsportsmanlike actions may result in ____.A. time outB. overtimeC. technical foulD. foul69. Which of the following is not a team game?A. volleyballB. bowlingC. soccerD. field hockey70. The complex drumming in the rhythm section of early jazz music was brought over to America by ___.A. Spanish missionaries from Europe.B. Black slaves from West AfricaC. British colonists from Asia.D. the Creole from the West India71. Blues was derived from a blend of field chantey and spiritual which is ____.A. a form of rock' n' roll singing popular among American teenagersB. a form of operatic singing originated from Southern European countriesC. a form of country music singingD. a form of hymn singing prevalent in African-American Christian churches72. Recording groups such as the Hot Five and the Hot Seven organized by Louis Armstrong made a series of recordings which represent ____.A. the origin of the Chicago style jazzB. the influence of New Orleans style jazzC. the beginning of the New York style jazzD. the impact of ragtime musicII. Fill in the blanks:1.The full name of the United Kingdom is __________________________________________.2. The island of Great Britain is made up of ________________, ___________and__________.3. The United Kingdom has been a member of ______________________________since 1973.4. Britain is now a _____________society which produces a population of which 1 in 20 are of___________________ethnicity.5. London plays a significant role in ________________economic and cultural life. It's not only the financial ________of the nation, but also one of ___________major international financial centers in ________________.6. Britain consists of _____nations, including England, ________, ______and ______________.7. Britain is a country with a history of invasions. In 43 AD Britain was invaded by __________, in the late 8th century they experienced _________raids from Scandinavia and in the 11th century they suffered invasions from _____________.8. The Anglo-Saxon began to settle in Britain in _________century.9. The capital of Britain is ________, which has great influence on the UK in all fields including _____________,____________ and _____________.10. Charles the First, king of Britain, was executed, because he attempted to ______________ in the English Revolution.11. Name two Scottish cities which have ancient and internationally respected universities: __________________ and_______________.12. The battle of Bannockburn led by Robert the Bruce succeeded in winning the full independence of ______________. 13. Both the Scottish and Welsh people elect their members of parliaments to the London Parliament and each holds____________and ___________ seats respectively.14. The capital of Scotland is ____________, which is well-known for its natural ___________.15. Although Wales is the smallest of the three nations on the __________ mainland, it's good at getting _________ from abroad, particularly Japan and __________________.16. To pursue Irish independence, the most spectacular event in the Irish history was _________ of 1916, in which the rebels occupied Dublin's _______________ and forced the British to take it back by ____________.17. ____________, the ancestor of the present Queen, Elizabeth II, united England under his rule in 829.18.The UK is divided into ______constituencies with each of them represented by a member in _________________.19. The UK economy can be divided into three main sectors: ____________industries, secondary industries and_____________industries.20. One of the oldest of the early "old English" literary works is called ____________________.21. ___________is a rough, fast game which was invented in Britain while ___________is a more gentle sport which owes its origin to the Church.22. Christmas commemorates ________________________, while ___________commemorates the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus Christ.23. The two oldest universities in Britain are __________________ and ___________________.24. Like the housing system in the US and the wealthy English-speaking commonwealth, the UK has a very high proportion of _________________, which means that the people own the house they live in.25. When the Second World War was over, Britain was active in ____________the United Nations and became one of the _____permanent members of __________________________.26. Britain has one of the world's oldest established ____________industries. The Observer, which appeared in 1791, is the world's oldest ___________newspaper, while The Times, which began publishing in 1785, is Britain's oldest______________newspaper.27. In 1782, the Frenchman who settled in Pennsylvania first asked the question "what is anAmerican" in his book _______________________.28. After the War of Independence was won, the national government was called ___________, and the agreement that guided the government was _________________________________.29. The first Secretary of Treasury of the United States was ____________________________.30. "WASP" stands for ____________________________________________________.31. _______________________ and _______________________are the two major American writers of the post-Revolutionary period.32. About ______percent of American students go to __________schools and _________percent attend private schools.33. On February 1, 1960, 4 black students from a black college in __________________, North Carolina, began their protest against the racial segregation laws by such tactics as _________, thus beginning the civil rights movement.34. American society is a stratified one in which _____________, _____________ and _______ are unequally distributed among the population.35. The invention of the __________________by ____________________ made it possible to obtain higher profits from agriculture. US agriculture was moving away from subsistence farming towards a food marketing enterprise.36. The Grand Canyon is carved away for nearly 6 million years by the waters of the _________ River.37. The two conferences for American football are AFC, which stands for __________________ and NFC, which stands for ________________________.38. Jazz music, as a musical form, was initially performed and appreciated by ______________.Keys to test paper 11.C2.A3.B4.B5.C6.D7.C8.B9.A 10.B11.A 12.D. 13.A 14.B 15.C 16.D 17.B 18.D 19.B 20.B21.A 22.C 23.B 24.A 25.D 26.D 27.C 28.A 29.B 30.B31.D 32.A 33.C 34.A 35.A 36.C 37.C 38.A 39.D 40.A 41.B 42.C43.C 44.D 45.C 46.D 47.A 48.D 49.A 50.B 51.C 52.B53.C 54.A 55.A 56.D 57.C 58.A 59.D 60.C 61.A 62.D63.D 64.D 65.A 66.B 67.D 68.C 69.B 70.B 71.D 72.AII. Fill in the blanks:1. the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2. England; Scotland; Wales3. European Union4. multiracial; non-European5. Britain's; center; the three; the world6. four; Scotland; Wales; Northern Ireland7. the Roman empire; Vikings; the Normans8. the 5th9. London; government; economy; culture10. overrule the parliament 11. Glasgow; Edinburgh12. Scotland 13. 72; 3814. Edinburgh; beauty 15. British; investment; America16. the Easter Rising; Post Office; military means17. King Egbert 18. 651; the parliament19. primary; tertiary/service 20. Beowulf21. Football; tennis 22. the birth of Jesus Christ; Easter23. Oxford; Cambridge 24. owner-occupation25. setting up; the five; the UN Security Council 26. newspaper; national; daily27. Letters from an American Farmer28. the Congress; the Articles of Confederation29. Alexander Hamilton30. White Anglo-Saxon Protestant31. Washington Irving; James Fenimore Cooper32. 85; public; 1533. Greensboro; sit-ins34. power; wealth; prestige35. the mechanical reaper; Cyrus H McCormick36. Colorado37. American Football Conference; National Football Conference38. African-Americans。

《英语国家社会与文化》复习题I. Explain the following terms:1. Benjamin FranklinBenjamin Franklin was one of the founding fathers of the United States ofAmerica. He participated in writing the Declaration of Independence and making the US Constitution.2. King ArthurIt is said that he was the King of England in the 15th century and united the British and drove the Saxons back with his magical sword, Excalibur. His real existence is in doubt. He is the central figure of many legendsII. Choose the best answer.1. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.A. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons2. The largest lake in Britain is _____.A. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District3. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. England B . Scotland C. Wales D. Northem Ireland4. The Tories were the forerunners of _______ , which still bears the nickname today.A. the Labour PartyB. the Liberal PartyC. the Social Democratic PartyD. the Conservative Party5. Martin Luther King, Jr., a young black clergyman, became a national leader of the_______ Movement.A. BoycottB. Civil RightsC. SegregationD. Integration6. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by _____.A. James MadisonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Alexander HamiltonD. George Washingto7. The Renaissance began in ______ in the early _______ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 158. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation7. British Recorded history began with _____.A.Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestC. the Viking and Danish invasionD. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive partly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all9. With regard to its size, the USA is the _____ country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest10. On July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independence.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Third Continental CongressD. the Constitutional Convention11. Where is the best agricultural land in Britain?A. In the southeast of England.B. In the northeast of England.C. In the southeast of Scotland.D. In the northeast of Scotland.12. In the aerospace industry, which of the following countries is ahead of Britain ？A. Germany.B. The U.S.C. Russia.D. France.13. Which company became an important aero-engine manufacturer after WWI?A. Boeing.B. Rolls Royce.14. Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description ofthe miserable life of the _____.A. early settlersB. PuritansC. native IndiansD. black slaves15. Which company became an important aero-engine manufacturer after WWI?A. Boeing.B. Rolls Royce.C. McDonnel-Douglas.D. Hawker-Siddeley Aviation.16. Three of the following universities have large endowments from wealthybenefactors. Which is the exception ?A. Harvard UniversityB. the State University of New YorkC. Yale UniversityD. Princeton University17. Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of incomeexcept ___________.A. investmentB. student tuitionC. endowmentsD. government funding18. Which of the following countries is the last to come out of recession?A. Germany.B. Japan.C. Britain.D. France.19. Which of the following book is written by Geoffrey Chaucer？A. The Canterbury TalesB. BeowulfC. King LearD.Morte D’ Arthur20. Which of the following did NOT belong to Romanticism ?A. Keats.B. Shelley.C. Wordsworth.D. Defoe.21. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare ?A. Doctor Faustus.B. Macbeth.C. Frankenstein.D. The Tempest.22. The following were the main Reformation leader except ___________.A. Martin LutherB. Martin Luther KingC. John CalvinD. The English King Henry VIII23. In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to____________A. private school.B. independent schools.C, state school. D. public school.24. Which of the following is privately funded university in Britain ?A. The University of Cambridge.B. The University of Oxford.C. The University of Edinburgh.D. The University of Buckingham.25. In the examination called “ the 11 plus”, students with academic potential go to________A. grammar schoolB. comprehensive schoolsC. public schoolsD. technical schools26. In Britain most advertising is carried ___________A. in newspaper.B. in magazines.C. on televisionD. on radio.27. Which of the following is the British oldest daily newspaper ?A. The TelegraphB. The news of the World.C. The Guardian.D. The Times.28. Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism ?A. Catholics.B. Puritains.C. Quakers.D. Church of England.29. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Open University ?A. It’s open to everyone.B. It requires no formal educational qualifications.C. No university degree is awarded.D. University courses are followed through TV, radio，correspondence，etc.30.Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the AmericanRevolution ?A. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants.B. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with American Indiana.C. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with blacks.D. The American had the mixed blood of English and their descendants only.31. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University.A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5032. The expenditure in American public school is guided or decided by_______.A. teachers.B. the students.C. headmasters.D. boards of education.33. In the United States school system, which of the following division is true ?A. Elementary school, grammar schoolB. Elementary school, junior high school .C. Elementary school, secondary schoolD. Junior high school, senior high school.34. What did Frank Whittle do in 1937?A. He invented the first jet plane.B. He developed the first jet engine.C. He made the first powered flight.D. He made the trans-Atlantic flight.35. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except _____.A. YaleB. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of Technology36. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords37. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be thefirst settlers in the North America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth38. President Jeffers on bought _____ from France and doubled the country’s territory.A. New MexicoB. the Louisiana TerritoryC. KansasD. Ohio39. The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher_____.A. Paul RevereB. John LockeC. CornwallisD. Frederick Douglass40. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution41. According to American historians and specialists in demography, there are _____great population movement in the history of the United States.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. fiveII. Decide the following statements true or false. (以下内容全是正确的，考试时将从中选10个, 做成true or false的形式。

《英语国家概况》期末复习提要《英语国家概况》期末复习提要内蒙古电大责任教师宋慧文“英语国家概况”是中央广播电视大学英语专业的必修科目之一.本课程是通过英语阅读主要英语国家社会,文化背景材料,扩大知识面的文化知识课.所选教材是《英语国家社会文化入门》.本书分上下两册.上册内容包括英国部分l2章,澳大利亚部分4章和新西兰部分2章.每章都附有词汇表(V ocabulary),注释(Notes),本课重点(FCPoints),练习(Exercises)以及思考题(QuestionsforThought).通过学习本课程,学生应了解这三个国家的社会文化概貌,掌握这些国家的有关地理,历史,政治,经济,社会生活和文化传统的基本知识.具体而言,学生首先应认真通读各章的课文,借助课后的词汇表和注释,力求理解课文的基本内容,如:历史事件,社会背景,有关人物和时间地点等等.为帮助学生理解,注释部分不仅解释了课文中的难点,而且提供了一些必要的背景知识.本课重点部分列出课文的主要线索.这些内容是考查重点,学生复习时应尤其注意.练习部分共有三种题型:名词解释,填空和多项选择,目的是帮助学生进一步加深对课文的理解,并提供一个通过自我检测了解所学知识掌握程度的机会.书后附有标准答案.思考题是为了引导学生灵活运用所学知识,培养综合分析的能力.思考题不在考试范围之内.考试试题共分4个部分,所有考题内容不超过本教科书课文的范围.第一部分是选择题,2O小题,每题1分,共2O分,要求学生根据问题从A,B,C,D四个选项中选出一个正确答案.例如:问:WhichgroupofpeopleinBritain CANNOTvoteingeneralelections?选项为:[A]membersoftheHouseof Commons[B]LordsintheHouseofLords[C]theUKcitizensabovetheageof18[D]citizensoftheIrishRepubliclivingintheUK这是上册英国部分第4章”Polities”的内容,从课文中我们知道,英国上议院的议员是不能参加大选的,所以正确的选项应为[B], 有关A,B,C,D的内容都可以在”polities”这一章中找到.第二部分是填空题.每个空格为一题,2O个小题,每题1.5分,共3O分.例如: Sincethediscoveryofoilandgasunder——,Britainhasgainedastrongposition intheoffshoreoilindustry.这是英国部分第5章”TheUK Economy”的内容,从课文中我们知道这是指英国北海的石油和天然气资源,所以正确答案应为”theNorthSea”.这一部分答题时除应注意内容的准确性外,还应注意拼写,大小写及定冠词,不定冠词等.如这题中的”the”就不能遗漏,否则会被扣分.第三部分是简答题.10个小题,每小题2分,共2O分.要求学生用一句话简答问题.例如:问题为:Howmanykindsofhorse—racingalethereinBritainandwhatalethey?这是英国部分第7章”SportsinBritain”的内容,在英国共有两种赛马比赛:平地赛马一8】一和障碍赛马.因为这一部分答题时要求用一句话回答,所以要用一句完整的句子,语法和拼写都要注意.这个问题的正确回答应该是: Therearetwokindsofhorse——racingin Britain:flatracingandsteeplechasing.这部分考题形式在教材练习中没有出现过,需要学生在学习过程中自己综合.但只要对课文重点内容熟悉,对其他练习熟悉,这部分考题也不难.第四部分是解释题,在8题中任选6题,每小题5分,共30分.要求学生用简洁的英语(不超过5句话)解释每个词语.这部分主要考查学生的综合概括表达能力,问题的主要点应该抓住,同时注意语法,用词等.例题目:CharlesDickens这是英国部分第6章”BritishLiterature’’中的内容.按要求,学生应把有关狄更斯的知识综合概括一下,分为几点来写:他是什么时代的人,在文学史上的地位,作品的特点,代表作等等,简单扼要地总结一下.因为评分时是按点给分的,所以回答要全面,同时也应注意语法结构.下面的答案可作参考: CharlesDickensisregardedaSoneofthe greatest19th—centuryEnglishwriters.(2分)Hisworksarecharactericedbyvividcomic characterizationandsocialcriticism.(2分)He wrotemanywell—knownnovels,including OliverTwist,A TaleofTwoCities,David Copperfield,tonalTlejustafew.(1分)《英语国家概况》模拟试题I,.Thereare20questionsinthispart. Eachquestionisfollowedbyfourchoices markedA,B,CandD.Choosethecorrect answertoeachofthequestionsandwrite youransweratthecorrespondingplaceonthe82一ANSWERSHEET.(20points)1.TheTowerofLondon.andhistorical sight,locatedinthecentreofLondon,WaS builtby.A.KingHaroldB.RobinHoodC.OliveCromwellD.WilliamtheConqueror2.1972WaStheworstyearofthe politicaltroublesinNorthemIrelandbecause ●._.,-._____.__-_●●●_一●A.13Catholicswereshotdeadbythe policeB.468peoplewerekilledinNorthem IrelandC.thegovemmentcarriedoutapolicy known aS”internment’’D.bloodykillingof468peoplefortified CatholieoppositiontotheBritishpresenceinNorthemIreland3.WhichofthefollowingisN0Ttrue abouttheBritishConstitution.*A.ItiSadocumentwhichlistsoutthe baSicprinciplesforgovemmentB.ItiSthefoundationofBritish governancetodayC.ConventionsandLawspassedby ParliamentarepartoftheConstitutionD.Thecoinmonlawsarepartofthe Constitution4.WhoiStheleaderoftheBritish Labourpartyatpresent?A.JohnMajorB.TonyBlairC.HaroldWilsonD.MargaretThatcher5.Whichofthefollowingstatements abouttheUKeconomyisN0Ttrue?A.BritainremainsoneoftheGroupof SevenlargeindustrialeconomiesB.Britainhasexperiencedarelative economicdeclinesince1945C.Therehasbeenaperiodofsteady decreasingoflivingstandardsD.Somesmallereconomieshave overtakentheUKintermsofoutputper capita6.WhichofthefollowingsportsWasnot inventedinBritain?A.FootballB.TennisC.ArcheryD.Cricket7.Whichofthefollowingistrueabout theGuyFawkes’Night?A.ItiscelebratedbyScottishpeoplein NovemberB.ItiscelebratedbyEnglishpeoplein NovemberC.ItiscelebratedbyScottishpeoplein AugustD.ItiscelebratedbyEnglishpeoplein August8.Whichofthefollowingschoolswouldadmitchildrenwithoutreferencetotheir academicabilitiesinBritain?prehensiveschoolsB.SecondaryschoolsC.IndependentschoolsD.Grammarschools9.Whichofthefollowingaboutclass systemintheUKisNoTtrue.9A.Peopleofdifferentclassestendtoread differentkindsofnewspaperB.CIass—divisionisonlydecidedby people’SincomeC.Th0ughsocialadvancementis possible,classaffectsaperson’slife—chancesD.Thewaypeoplespeakidentifies themselvestoparticularclass10.InBritain.thegreatmajorityof parentssendtheirchilderntoA.privateschoolsB.independentschoolsC.stateschoolsD.publicschools11.WhichofthefollowingisNOT characteristicofthehereditaryaristocracyin theUK?A.Thenobletitlescanbeinheritedby thechildrenB,Theyusuallyownhistorichousesin thecountryC.Theyaretherichestgroupofpeople intheUKD.Theseniormemberscanbelordsin theHouseofLords12.NowdaystheBritishforeignpolicyis largelyshapedbyitspraticipationinA.theCommonwealthB.theEuropeanEconomicCommunityC.theUnitedNations,theEuropean Union,UA T0,etcD.aEuropeanfederalgovernment13.WhichofthefollwingistheBritish oldestdailynewspaper?A.TheTelegraphB.TheNewsoftheWorldC.TheGuardianD.TheTimes14.WhichofthefollwoingisN0T consideredacharacteristicofLondon?A.TheculturalcentreB.ThebusinesscentreC.ThefinancialcentreD.Thesportscentre15.Whichofthefollowingstatements abouttheBritisParliamentiSNoTtrue?A.Parliamenthasnopowertochange 一83—thetermsoftheConstitutionB.Therearenolegalrestrainsupon ParliamentC.Parliamenthasthesupremepowerof passinglawsD.strictlyspeaking,theQueenispartof theParliament16.WhichofthefollowingcitiesisthecapitalofScotland?A.EdinburghB.GlasgowC.CardiffD.Manchester17.WhydidtheEnglishgovemment encouragepeoplefromScotlandandNorthem EnglandtoemigratetotheNorthofIrelandin the17thcentury?A.Theywanttoincreaseitscontrolover IrelandB.Theyhadtoomanypeopleanddidnot haveenoughspaceforthemC.Theyintendedtoexpandtheir investmentD.TheYbelievedthatIrelandWasthe bestplaceforthem18.Whichofthefollowingtwocountries areaheadofBritaininaerospaceindustry?A.TheU.S.andRussiaB.TheU.S.andGermanyC.FranceandRussiaD.GermanyandRussia19.WhichofthefollowingbooksiswrittenbyGeoffreyChaucer?A.BeowulfB.TheUsterCycleC.More tD’ArthurD.TheCanterburyTales20.Ⅵichofthefollowingistrulyasport oftheroyalfamily?A.CricketB.HorseracingC.GolfingD.Skiing1I.Theretitlealtogether15blanksinthe一84一followingsentences.Fillintheblanksandand writeyouransweratthecorrespondingplaces ontheANSWERSHEET.(30points) Britainconsistsof(21)——nations, including(22)——,(23)——,and(24) InBritain.theofficialheadofstateiS (25)——whiletherealcentreofpolitical lifeisin(26).Normally.aBritishgovemmentcanbein powerfor(27)——years,andthenishasto resighandholdageneralelection.In1979,theConservativePartyunder (28)——cameintopowerandcarriedouta programmeofprivatization.Since1945.theUKeconomyhas experienced(29)——declineratherthan (30)——decline. Sincethediscoveryofoilandgasunderthe(31)——,Britainvhasgainedastrong positionintheoffshoreoilindustry. InBritain,parentscanchoosebetween sendingtheirchildrento(32)——schoolsor (33)——schools. Parentsfromwealthiermiddleclassin Britainprefertosendtheirchildrento(34) schoolsS0astohavebetter(35)——●Ⅲ.Theretitle10questionsinthispart. Answereachofthe sentenceandwrite correspondingplaceSHEET.(20points)36.WhatarecountriesoftheUK? questionsinonefull youranswerattheontheANSWER thefourconstituent37.Whichpartofthegovernmentinthe UKhasthepowertochangethetermsofthe Constitution?38.WhatarethetwobroadstylisticperiodsfortheBritishliteratureinthe20th century?39.Whichholidayisthebiggestandbest lovedBritishholiday?40.WhatdoesthenicknameOxbridge standfor?41.Whichtwoareasoftheworldhave suppliedthemajorityofBritishrecent immigrants?42.Whodecideonthegeneraldirection ofBritain’Sforeignpolicy?43.WhandidBritainiointheEuropean EconomicCommunity?44.WhichisthelargestcityinScotland?45.WhendopeopleinNorthernIreland CelebrateSt.PatrickDay?IV.Explaineachofthefollowing6outof8innomolethanfivesentences.Write youranswerattheappropriateplaceonthe -ANSWERSHEET.(3opoints)46.MargaretThatcher47.theBillofRightsof168948.theLabourPartyofBritain49.theBrontesisters50.theRoyalAscotprehensiveschoolsintheUK52.theAnglo—Saxons53.WilliamShakespeare参考答案I.Thereale20questionsinthispart. Eachquestioninfollowedbyfourchoices markedA-B-CandD.Chooesthecorrectansewertoeachofthequestionsandwrite youransweratthecorrespondingplaceonthe ANSWERSHEET.1.D2.A3.D4.D5.A6.B7.C8.B9.C1O.C11.C12.C13.D14.D15.A16.A17.A18.A19.D20.BⅡ.Therearealtogether15blandsinthe followingsentences.Fillintheblandsand writeyouransweratthecorrespondingplaces ontheANSWERSHEEI’.21.four22.Scotland23.walas24.NorthernIreland25.Queenfive26.theHouseofCommonsMargaret27.five28.Thatcher29.areative30.anabsolute31.NorthSea32.State33.Private34.privatecationllI.Thereare10questionsinthispart. AnswereachofthequestionsinonefIIllsentenceandwriteyouransweratthe correspondingplaceontheANSWER SHEEI’.36.Thefourconstituentcountriesofthe UK.TheyareEngland,Scotland,Wra1asand NorthernIreland.37.Parliamenthasthepowertochange thetermsoftheConstitution.38.Thetwobroadstylisticperiodsare ModernismandPostmodernism.39.Christmasisthebiggestandbest lovedBritishholiday.40.OxbridgestandsforOxford UniversityandCambridgeUniversity. 41.Thetwoare~1sareSouthAsiaand Caribbeancountries.42.ThePrimeMinisterandCabinet decideonthegeneraldirectionofBritain’S foreighpolicy.43.BritainjointheEurpeanEconomic Communityin1972.44.G1asgowisthelargestcityin一85—Scotland.45.PeopleinNorthernIrelandcelebrateSt.Patrick’sDayonMarch17.VI.Explaineachofthefollowing6outof8innomorethanfivesentences.Write youranswerattheappropriateplaceonthe ANSWERSHEI.46.MargaretThatchercalTleintopower asBritishfirstwomanPrimeMinisterin1979 whenherConservativepartywonthegeneral election.Sheadvocatedtheideaofsmal1 governmentandfree—marketeconomics. DuringhertermasthePrimeMinister,she carriedoutpoliciestoprivatizethenationalized industryandcuttaxrates.Asaresult,many businessesboomedbutemploymentrate increased.ShewaslaterreplacedbyJohn Majorin1990.47.In1688,KingJamesII’sdaughterMaryandherhusbandWilliamwereinvited bythepoliticiansandchurchauthoritiesto takethethrone,onconditionthattheywould respecttherightsofParliament.Afterthis GloriousRevolution,theBillofRightswas passedin1689toensurethattheKingnever beabletoignoreParliament.48.TheLaboutrPartyinoneofthetwo biggestpartiesintheUK.itisalsothenewest party,createdbythetradeunionmovementat theendofthe19thcentury.Itisasocialist party,believingthatasocietyshouldbe relativelyequalineconomicterms,andthat thegovernmentshouldredistributethewealth betweentherichandthepoor.Italsothinks thatthegovernmentshouldprovidearangeof publicservicesforallthepeople.49.TheBrontesistersarethedaughters一86一oftheviearofavillagechurchinY orkshireof England.Thoughtheywerepoor,theywereeducatedandrespectable.Theyalldiedyoung, butwererememberedlongaftertheirdeath fortheircontributiontoEnglish1iterature. Charlottewaswel1一knownforJaneEyreand EmilywasnotedforherWutheringHeights. Theyhadtousemalepseudonymsinorderto gettheirbookspublished.50.TheRoyalAscotisthebiggestsocial eventassociatedwithhorseracingintheUK. Peopledressupandgotoshowofftheir? fashionablechothesaswel1towatchtheraces. andplacetheirbets.Womenespeciallywear veryelaborateandexotichats.Thiseventgets muchattentionfromthemediaandthe public.prehensiveschoolsarethemost popularsecondaryschoolsinBritaintoday. Suchschoolsadmitchildrenwithoutreference totheiracademicabilitiesandprovideageneral education.Pupilscanstudyeverythingfrom academicsubjectslikeliteraturetomore practicalsubjectslikecooking.52.TheAnglo—Saxonsweretwogroups ofGermanicpeopleswhosettleddownin Englandfromthe5thcentury.Theywere regardedastheansestorsoftheEnglishand thefoundersofEngland.53.WiIliamShakespearewasanEnglish dramatistandpoetintheElizabethanage.He? isgenerallyregardesasthegreatestplaywright inEnglishliterature.Hisplaysfallintothree categories:tragediessuchasHamlet,comedies suchasMerchantofV eniceandhistorical playsLikeCharlesII.。

UNIT TEN AMERICAN SOCIAL PROBLEMSRacial problemsA nation of immigrants:religious refugeesadventurersslavesIn theory: the principle of equalityIn reality: stratified society (阶级社会)Power, wealth, and prestige are unequally distributed among the population. …inequality tends to follow racial and ethnic lines as well (不平等往往与族裔有关) Hispanics（西班牙人）: 12.3% of population;Blacks: 11.7 % of population, about 25 millionMyth of Black people’s racial inferiority（下等）:irresponsibility, promiscuity（乱交）, laziness, lower intelligencewhip（边打）or lynch（处死）mob（暴民）The 13th Amendment to the Constitution in 1865 ended slavery.But many states have segregation laws to keep races apart in schools, housing, restaurants.Blacks got the lowest-paid jobs.Rigged（不正当的）literacy tests keep them from voters’rolls.Segregation（分层）law in practice till 1950s in the South.the civil rights movement in the 1960s…many black leaders began to disclaim[full integration into the American mainstream] as the goal of the black minority.Current situation of Blacksmixed picture（喜忧参半）…institutionalized discrimination is still rife.Housing: Black people live in black neigh- borhoods in cities. White people live in rich suburban areas.Most whites think much progress has been made in equality. But more than half of the blacks believe that there has not been much progress.Only 20% of whites think…miss out…because of discrimination（不公平对待）. Only 1/3 of Black have become middle class.Unemployment rate up to 50%, 8 times the average rate of the country. “Underclass”: live in poverty, crime, drug, joblessness, hopelessnessPoverty12.5% (or 35.9 million) live at or below poverty line.The poverty level for 2011 was set at $22,350 (total yearly income) for a family of four.Meaning of being poor:Dog food, malnutrition, deprivation, diseases, alcoholism, unstable marriage, victim of crime, illiteracy, low self-esteemAverage wealth per adult: $25,000; but distributed unequally.Most of this wealth has not been accumulated through hard work.... It has been inherited （继承）.Unequal incomes:Richest 1/5 get 40% of national incomePoorest 1/5 get 5.2% of national income.Unequal benefits:80% of checks for expensive restaurants and 1/3 of broadway（百老汇）tickets from “expense accounts”.Drug AbuseThe drug problem…a major threat(威胁) to society.Drugs related to crime:Over half of violent crimes after using alcohol.Heroin related to crime.60% of fatally injured drivers with over 0.05% alcohol level.Drug users more likely to be killed.Alcoholics with 3 times higher death rate than average, and 7 times more likely to die in accidents.Economic costs:More money used for accidents, medical bills, and lost production.Society pay to support drug users.Public resources (police) for control and treatment.CrimeCrime is a serious problem facing the nation.President Nixon: “declare war against it.”But he was impeached and resigned due to Watergate.61% of women feel unsafe in own neigh-borhood.45% of people afraid to walk alone at night.47% have guns for self-protection.Arrested are more likely to be male, young, a minority person, and a city resident.Males four times more likely arrested.Females arrested more for juvenile runaway or prostitution（卖淫）.Courts more lenient（宽大的）to females.Young people commit more crimes.Minorities（少数民族）are more likely to be arrested, commit more crimes.Because: (1) poverty is related to serious crimes; (2) prejudice by police.Courts would sentence minorities more severely（严格地）than whites.The Abuse of Power by Government and CorporationsGovernment power: education, social services, marriage, conditions of employment, tax. Often oppressive, unresponsive, impersonal, inefficient, arrogant, corrupt.。

东盟的知识点东南亚国家联盟（Association of Southeast Asian Nations，简称ASEAN）成立于1967年，是由东南亚10个国家组成的地区组织。

东盟的成立旨在促进成员国之间的经济合作、政治对话和文化交流，提高地区的稳定和发展。

以下是一些关于东盟的重要知识点。

第一步：东盟的成立东盟的成立是为了解决东南亚地区的政治和安全问题，并促进地区的经济发展。

它的成员国包括印度尼西亚、马来西亚、泰国、新加坡、菲律宾、越南、缅甸、老挝、柬埔寨和文莱。

东盟的总部设在印度尼西亚的雅加达。

第二步：东盟的目标东盟的目标之一是促进成员国之间的经济合作。

为了实现这一目标，东盟成立了东盟自由贸易区（ASEAN Free Trade Area，简称AFTA），降低了成员国之间的关税和贸易壁垒，促进了区域内的贸易和投资。

第三步：东盟的成就东盟在经济方面取得了许多成就。

自成立以来，东盟国家的经济总量大幅增长，人均收入不断提高。

东盟还吸引了大量的外国直接投资，提升了地区的竞争力。

此外，东盟还推动了区域内的基础设施建设和互联互通，提高了交通和通信的便利性。

第四步：东盟的挑战尽管东盟取得了一些成就，但仍面临一些挑战。

其中之一是成员国之间的发展差距。

一些成员国比较发达，而其他一些国家仍然相对贫困。

东盟正在努力减少这种发展差距，实现更加均衡的发展。

第五步：东盟的合作伙伴东盟与许多国家和地区建立了合作伙伴关系。

其中最重要的合作伙伴之一是中国。

中国是东盟的最大贸易伙伴之一，双方之间的贸易额不断增加。

东盟还与其他国家如美国、日本和韩国等进行经济合作。

第六步：东盟的未来展望东盟的未来展望是进一步加强成员国之间的合作，实现更加紧密的经济一体化。

东盟计划建立东盟共同体（ASEAN Community），加强政治、经济和社会的联系。

这将进一步促进地区的发展和繁荣。

总结：东盟是一个重要的地区组织，为东南亚地区的经济合作、政治对话和文化交流提供了平台。

概况Each Country1. History(UK 见ppt)2. Political Structure:◆UK:◆Australia:◆NZ:3. Unique Holidays(具体见下)4. Population：UK：62 millionAustralia: (2007)21.1 millionNew Zealand: (2007)4.24 million5. Map: Key cities, bodies of waterUK1.Type of population: 90% urban, 10% rural. Total: 62 million2.Time of Viking invasion: 8th to 9th century／793AD.3.Normans: 10664.King Arthur: ①Roman Britain(Britannai) before 1066.King Arthur is rumored to be around this time.②A legendary king of the Britons③He is said to have led the Knights of the Round Table at Camelot5.Population and size of 4 UK countriesEngland: 84% of the UK populationScotland: 5.1 million, lowest population density in the UKWales: 3 million, smallest nationNorthern Ireland: 1.7 million6.Anglo-Saxons：·Much unrest until 7th century.·Heptarchy: Seven kingdoms of the 7th century (but this term is out of date) ·Vikings: 793AD·the Danes invaded and ruled for half of the 9th century.·In this time period we have the origin of the word ―Enland‖: Land of the Angles·Alfred the Great, king of Wessex (871-899): Saved the Angles from the Danes ·King Edward (died in 1066) :last Wessex king7.Was Ireland a part of UK in the past?Yes. Joined in 1801. Left in 19228.Britain and ancient Rome relationship:During the period of Early Britain, first part Rome Britain, Roman invasion in55BC, lead by Julius Caesar, finished by Caludius in 43AD9.What the size of British Empire: 1/4—1/310.UN Security Council members: China, France, Russia, UK, US11.NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization12.BBC: British Broadcasting Corporation附：When did Ireland divide?May.3.1921 Northern Ireland became separated from Ireland .1922, Ireland became an independent country.UK Politics1. Political evolution violent or peaceful? Peaceful.2. Differences between Bill of Rights and Magna CartaMagna Carta: King John was forced to sign the Magna Carta in 1215 to impose legal limits on the king‘s personal power in raising money from his subjects. 影响：Slowly developed into a parliament with two separate houses.Bill of Rights(1689): Was the result of Glorious Revolution When the crown was offered , WilliamⅢ and MaryⅡ agreed to sign the Bill of Rights that gave political supremacy to Parliament and severely limited the Crown‘s power, which marked the beginning of the constitutional monarchy in England.3.Divisions of Parliament, main purpose, who PM is chosen and his/her Cabinet, number, who do the people elect, cost of running for MPDivision: The Crown, House of Lords, House of CommonsMain purpose: To make laws, pass laws from the government, taxes and money PM is chosen by the leading Parliament Party.PM selects the members of his Cabinet (20).Anyone 18 or older can vote. People elect the House of CommonsAnyone can run for MP at a fee of 500 pounds, or 5,200 Yuan.4.Major political parties and their differences• Labor Party: ①government supervision for industry②even distribution of wealth③equal opportunity• Conservative Party: ①supports private enterprise & minimal state regulation②accepts the mixed economy, involves private ownership of business with some government control.③believe in a governing class with a natural right & special privileges.• Liberal Democratic Party: ①the ―middle ground‖ party②The Liberal Democrats describe their ideology as giving "power to the people"; they are against the concentration of power in unaccountable bodies.5. PM of the UK: David Cameron (CP& LDP 联合政府)6. Tony Blair: 1997-2007 led the Labor Party7. Queen‘s political role: The Queen is Head of State but her power is only symbolic.8. Is the House of Lords the upper class? No.9. Differences between H of Lords and H of CommonsH of Commons: Elected by the people; Represent the people who elected them; Member of Parliament; they are center of British political life; the leading party selects the Prime Minister; The leading minority party sets up a Shadow Cabinet.H of Lords: They are not elected, inherit the position, be appointed by sovereign(monarchy) through PM‘s suggestion; do not have much power; They can delay bills, but only for one year; They are the highest court of appeals; Their main function is to debate the issues of the day.10. Britain has what type of government: Central government & Local government11.Is the Queen the head of other countries? Yes. Australia,Newzealand12.Constitution①The foundation of the UK government is the constitution.②Unlike other countries governed by a constitution, the UK‘s constitution is based on following sources:·Statute laws: These are laws passed by Parliament• Common laws or judge-made law: These are the court laws• Conventions, traditions&customs: Informal agreements·principles& practices of government which are not legally binding but have the force of law.• Ancient documents• European Union and the European Convention of Human Rights③Characteristics of British Constitution:·Constitutional Monarchy: The king(Queen) is the head of the state but power is only symbolic·Parliament Sovereignty: Parliament is the final authority·Representative Democracy: people are subject to the law, including government officials.13.Size of middle class: about 60% of the UK populationUK History1. Major time periods, events and people(ppt)2. Causes of Britain‘s decline: ①damages caused by WWII②beginning with the independence of India and Pakistan in 1947, the remainder of the British Empire was almost completely dismantled.③As the 1950s progressed, the UK had lost its place as a superpower and could no longer maintain its large empire.3.Type of decline: relative , not absolute4.Examples of three types of industryAgriculture: livestock, growing cropsIndustry & Production: engineering; food and tobacco; chemicals; paper, printing and publishing; metals and minerals; textiles, clothingServices: Finance; Hotels and restaurants; Real estate; Education; Health and social workUK Literature1. Describe the Basic Periods with examples◆Old English Period (450~1066):特点：Most writings were concerned with Christianity and astrong belief in fate. Works were written in Old English. Poetry was the dominant genre. E.g:Beowulf. About 6th century Swedish warrior fighting dragons.This is the most famous Old English writing.◆Medieval English Literature (1066~1485): 特点：The church uses plays to instruct its people.Illiterate population begin to see and hear literature.E.g: Geoffrey Chaucer : Canterbury Tales; Thomas Moore : Utopia, published in 1516, is a book describing an imaginary place with an ideal political system.◆Renaissance Literature (1485~1660):Elizabethan Drama: 1586-163Jacobean Period: 1603-1625特点：There was a shift from a religious worldview to a humanistic worldview. Human development and love were reoccurring themes.Poetry and drama were the major literary genres.The first theater open in London in 1576.Commoners were beginning to be accepted at some plays.The most famous play writer was: William Shakespeare. Hamlet;Rome o&Juliet…Other key people:Christopher Marlowe: 1564-1593Ben Jonson: 1572-1637John Donne:1572-1631◆Neoclassical Period (1660~1798)特点：A time of returning to the art of Ancient Greek and Rome.Restoration (1630-1660),Charles II (查理二世王政复辟)The Age of Enlightenment: Eighteenth CenturyThe Industrial Revolution begins.Key Authors:John Milton (1608-1674)Paradise LostJohn Bunyan (1628-1688)Pilgrims ProgressJonathan Swift (1667-1745)Daniel Defoe (1660-1731)◆Romanticism (1798~1832)Background：NapoleonMiddle class gains representation in the British parliament.Romantics reacting against the Industrial Revolutionsome of the famous poets:John KeatsPercy ShelleyWilliam WordsworthLord ByronRobert Burnssome of the famous Romantic novelists:Mary Shelley – FrankensteinJane Austen – Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice◆Victorian Period (1832~1900)特点：Much of the literature of this time drew attention to the poor and oppressed, sexual misconduct, and the need for social reform.some of the famous authors:Charles Dickens : Oliver TwistSir Walter Scott : IvanhoeRobert Louis Stevenson : Dr Jekyll and Mr HydeThree sisters (Charlotte, Emily and Ann Bronte): famous novels :Jane Eyre; Wuthering HeightsCharles Dickens : A Tale of Two CitiesCharles DarwinRobert Louis StevensonSherlock Holmes◆Modern Period (1900~present)①Before WWⅡModernism: Through rational and logical means of gaining knowledge man will improve his environment. It was objective and a search for abstracttruth. It rejected God.Anti-heroic charactersE.g: Joseph Conrad: Heart of Darkness (1902)Virginia WoolfT.S. Eliot②After WW ⅡPost-Modernism: It is a reaction against the logic of Modernism. An extreme formof Modernism. It is subjective and rejected truth.E.g: George Orwell :famous novel 1984 was a satire on the totalitarian tendency,depressing stories are characteristic of postmodernism. John Fowles: The French Lieutenant‘s Woman2. Canterbury Tales: Geoffrey Chaucer; stories told by people on wayto Christian Church in Canterbury S.E. England.3. Beowulf: About 6th century Swedish warrior fighting dragons; this is the most famous Old English writing.4. Hamlet: William Shakespeare5. Ode on a Grecian Urn: John Keats ,18196. Jane Eyre: Charlotte BronteUK Education1. GCSE: General Certificate of Secondary Education2. A Levels: after year 11, study two more years and take A-Levels to go to universityNorthern Ireland1. Basic order of events in NI1600s - Queen Elizabeth encouraged English settlements in Ireland.1916 - The Easter Rising1921 - Partition - The Anglo-Irish Treaty2. Good Friday Agreement: Also known as the Belfast Agreement.,was a major political development in the Northern Ireland peace process. It was signed in Belfast on 10 April 1998 (Good Friday) by the British and Irish governments and endorsed by most Northern Ireland political parties.3. Bloody Sunday: demonstration in Londonderry, Northern Ireland, on Sunday, Jan. 30, 1972, by Roman Catholic civil rights supporters. Bloody Sunday precipitated an upsurge in support for the nationalist Irish Republican Army (IRA), which advocated violence against the United Kingdom to force it to withdraw from Northern Ireland.4. Sinn Fein: Political wing of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA). Sinn Féin, organized in both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, is a nationalist party in Northern Ireland, representing Roman Catholics who want to achieve a united Ireland through whatever means are necessary, including violence. The party was led by Gerry Adams from 1983.5. Religion of Irish and British: ChristianityAustralia1. What is unique to each state?Western Australia: the largest state; very few people live there; it contains most of the countries minerals.The Northern Territory: the essence of the Australian Outback; it has a varied landscape; also known as the land of the aborigines.South Australia: the driest state; 60% is desert; rich in mineral resources; has world-famous vineyards(wine).Queensland: the ‗sunshine‘ state and has magnificent beaches; Australia‘s premier tourist destination; the location of the Great Barrier Reef.New South Wales: the first white settlement in Australia; it leads the country in shipping, industry, and agriculture; the most populous area of the country; Sydney is the state capital.Australi an Capital Territory: the site of the nation‘s capital, Canberra; National government is its main industry.Victoria: the smallest mainland state but most densely populated and highly urbanized; a major tourist destination; its capital, Melbourne, is the second largest city in Australia.Tasmania: the smallest state; has several substantial industries; has retained much of its colonial feel.2. History: (time line)1788 - Colonization1850s - Gold Rush1880s - Growth of Nationalism1901 - Federation1900s - A New Nation1914 - 1918 - WWI1920s - The 1920s1929 - The Great Depression1939 - WWII1946 - Populate or Perish: Immigration3. Minorities: Aborigines &immigrants from non-European countries4.Map5. TAFE: Technical and Further Education6. Unique Holidays• Australian Day - January 26th• ANZAC Day - April 25th• Remembrance Day - Nov 11th• Melbourne Cup Day - Nov7. Favorite Sports: Australian Rules football; NetballNew Zealand1. Major cities: Capital: Wellington; largest city: Auckland; Christchurch and Dunedin.2. Difference between North and South IslandNorth: major cities: Wellington and Auckland; VolcanoesSouth: less densely populated; largest cities: Christchurch and Dunedin; has the most impressive mountains; glaciers3. HistoryFirst settlers: Maori. They came from Polynesia at least 700 years ago, and maybe 1000 years ago.The Dutch in 1642 first discovered New Zealand.British explorer James Cook in 1769 first came to New Zealand whose ship‘s name was Endeavor.Treaty of Waitangi: Maori wanted protection from European settlers.Growth of a nation: self-government (1852); a separate dominion (1907); full independence (1947) ; ―Most prosperous country in the world‖ by 1940.The Maturing of the nation: 1947,became fully independent from Britain1951, the Legislative Council was abolished , creating a unicameral legislature.1940s-1970s, increasing economic prosperity based on agriculture.Parliament in 1975 established a tribunal to hear claims of violations of the Treaty of Waitangi.In 1993 Parliament was changed to give more representation to smaller parties.1996, first Mixed Member Proportional(MMP) Parliament4. Minorities: Maori5. Unique holidaysNew Year‘s DayWaitangi Day: Feb 6th (National Day)Easter (Good Friday through Easter Monday)ANZAC Day: April 25th (This stands for Australia and New Zealand Army Corps. It honors the men and women who have fought in wars)Queen Elizabeth‘s II Birthday: first Monday of JuneLabor Day: fourth Monday in OctoberChristmasBoxing Day: the day after Christmas. A major shopping dayHolidaysSport of the Kings: horse racingWimbledon: the most famous tennis match in the UKSport Scottish invented: GolfMuslim fast: Ramadan; a fast during the month of SeptemberGuy Fawkes: Bonfire Night (a catholic conspirator, Nov 5, 1605----celebrated by Fireworks and bonfire):Hogmanay: Scotland, (when) News Years Eve, (how) first footing Eisteddfod: Wales; purpose: preserve the Welsh language and culture, which is threatened by English.Boxing Day: UK, the day after Christmas, a major shopping dayTrouping the Colour: on the Queens birthdayWaitangi Day: New Zealand, Feb 6th (National Day)ANZAC Day: Australia and NZ, April 25thDatesUK joined EU: 1973Scotland joins UK: 1707Wales join UK: 1536Ireland divided: 1922End of the Empire: 1945-1997Historical time periods of all the countriesOtherBe able to recognize a picture of: Tony Blair;Margaret Thatcher;Queen, Gordon Brown, David Cameron;Globe TheatreParliament, Cricket, St Patrick‘s Day, Christmas Pantomime(哑剧)。

Key points:The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Unit 1 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom I and constituents1.Full name2.ConstituentsII.Effects of its imperial past1.Establishment of the commonwealth2. A multiracial nationIII.Differences in society1.Race difference2.Class difference3.Region differenceIV.Introduction to England1.Physical features2.History of invasionsV.Introduction to Scotland1.Physical features2.History3.Retaining strong Scottish identityVI.Introduction to Wales1.Physical features2. A history features campaighs for independence of UK Unit 2 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom III.Features of Northern Ireland1.Population2.Geographical features3.Capital4.Often Called “Ulster”5.Social order6.EconomyII.Pursuits of Irish independence1.Background2.Home Rule Bill3.The Easter Rising of 19164.Important Figures5.ResultIII.Conflicts within Northern Ireland1.Reasons2.The troubles3.Attempts to dissolve conflictsUnit 3 The Government of the United KingdomI.Monarchy in history1.Origin2.Divine right of the King3.One short ousted period4.Magna CartaII.The history of Parliament1.Origin2.History3.Acquisition of powerIII.The birth of the Prime Minister and Cabinet1.Birth of Cabinet2.Birth of Prime MinisterIV.The British government and Constitutionernment system2.The ConstitutionV.Parliament Today1.Functions2.Status3.InstitutionsUnit 4 Politics, Class and RaceI.General elections1.Why are they important?2.When do elections occur?3.Who can stand for election as an MP?4.What happens in an election?5.Formation of governmentII.The political Parties1.The Labour party2.The Conservative Party3.The Liberal DemocratsIII.Class1.Class-divisions2.Cultural differences3. A distinctive features of British class-system IV.Race1. A multiracial nation2.Influences of immigrationUnit 5 The UK EconomyI.Events in History1.Dominant in the 1880s2.Overtaken in 19003.Declince since 19454.Privatization in the 1980sII.The current UK economy1.Primary industry2.Secondary industries3.Tertiary industriesIII.Case study: the aerospace industry1.Status2.Major achievements3.Recent changesUnit 6 British LiteratureI.Early Writing1.Theme2.Beowulf3.Canterbury Tales4.The legend of King ArthurII.The 15th and 16th centuries1.Elizabethan Drama2.Christopher Marlowe3.William ShakespeareIII.The 17th century1.King James Bible2.Francis Bacon3.John MiltonIV.The 18th century1.Features2.Johnathan Swift3.Robert Burns4.Daniel DefoeV.The 19th century1.Romanticism2.Poetry3.NovelVI.The 20th century1.Modernism2.Postmodernism3.Joseph Conrad4.Virginia Woolf5. D.H. Lawrence6. E.M.FosterUnit 7 English Education SystemI.Purpose of Education1.To teach “the three R’s”2.To socialize childrenII.The relationship between education and social class1.Inequality in British education2.Good Education Guarantees a careerIII.The influence of the Church on schooling1.In the past2.At present3.ChangesIV.Major changes to British education system1.Involvement of government2.The 1994 Education Act3.Introduction of comprehensive schools4.“The Great Education Debate”5.National Curriculum in 1989V.The present education systemcation in the UK is compulsory2.State sector and private sector schools3.Schooling stages and examsVI.Higher education1.Fund2.Founding Time3.Open university4.Degree titlesUnit 8 British Foreign RelationsI.Britain then and now1.The end of British Empire2.Britain todayII.The foundations of Britain’s Foreign Policy1.Imperial history2.Geoplitical traitsIII.How foreign policy is made?1.The Prime Minister and Cabinet2.The Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO)3.The Ministry of Defense4.The Department of Trade and Industry5.The treasury6.Electorate7.Foreign relationsIV.Britain and international institutions1.A member of UN Security Council (UNSE)2. A member of European Union (EU)3. A member of CommonwealthV.Britain and the United States1.Special Relationship2.Ups and downsVI.Britain security and defense1.Britain’s defense power2.Britain’s defense policyUnit 9 The British MediaI.Popularity2.Newspapers3.RadioII.FunctionsIII.Newspapers1.Long history2.The role of newspapers3.Freedom of press4.National papersIV.The broadcast media (TV and Radio)1.Why is TV popular?2.British IV culture3.The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) Unit 10 Sports, Holidays and Festivals in BritainI.Sports1.Football2.Tennis3.Cricket4.Golf5.Horsy sportsII.Religious holidays1.Christmas2.Easter3.RamadanIII.National holidays1.The Queen’s birthdayIV.Holidays in England1.Bonfire Night (Guy Fawkes Night)V.Holidays in Northern Ireland1.The Orange March2.St Patrick’s DayVI.Holidays in Scotland1.Hogmanay2.The Burns Night3.HalloweenVII.Holidays in WalesVIII. 1.EistenddfodIrelandUnit 11 Land, People and HistoryI. The island of Ireland1.Location2.ConstituentsII. Geographynd2.Climate3.EnvironmentIII. Population1.Features2.The Great Famine3.EmigrationsIV. History1.The Celts2.The coming of Christianity3.Viking invasion4.English invasion5.Irish independenceUnit 12 Politics and EconomyI. Political system1.A representative democracy2.A RepublicII. Structure of Irish government1.President2.The Government3.ParliamentIII.The electoral system1.V oting in elections and referenda2.Electorate3.Proportional representationIV. The Civil service1.Neutrality2.Structure3.SelectionV. The Irish legal system1.The hierarchy of the Irish legal system2. Judges3. Check and balanceVI. Transformation of Irish economy1.In the past2.At present3.ReasonsVII.Ireland’s accession to the EU1.Economic benefits2.Social changesVIII.Ireland today1.Home-ownership2.Transportation3.Living standardsUnit 13 Irish Culture: How the Irish Live NowI.Rapid social change1.Abolition of primogeniture2.Change of women’s lifestyle3.Dislocations of social wealthII.Differnces between Ireland and English1.Religionnguage3.Economy4.OpennessIII.Attitudes towards English1.Ambivalence2.Stereotypes from the EnglishIV.The Roman Catholic Church1.The Roman Catholic values2.The power of Roman Catholic Church3.Lose of power4.The difference between Catholics and Protestants V.The Family1.Changes in family life2.Reason for the changes3.Objectives of women’s movementVI.Pub culture1.What is a “pub”?2.Negative EffectVII.Work culture1.Work practices2.Trade Unionscation1.First-level schools2.Second-level schools3.V ocational schools4.Third-level educationUnit 14 Irish Culture: Language, Literature and Artsnguage1.Irish under political unrests2.Hiberno-EnglishII.Oral culture1.Features2.Origin3.Positive effectsIII.Literature1.The first Irish poem2.Nobel Prize winners for Literature3.Other important figuresIV.Music and Dance1.The Irish pipe2.Riverdance3.Irish harpV.Sports culture1.Soccer (football)2.Rugby football3.Cricket and tennis4.Hurling5.Golf6.Horse-racingVI.Science and Technology1.Distinguished figures2.Important societiesVII.The Irish identity in the world1.The Irish diaspora2.Attitudes towards other countriesAustraliaUnit 15 The Land and the People of the DreamingI.Natural of Features of the land1.Location2.Size3.Constituents4.Distinctive faunandscape6.Distinctive physical featuresII.The people1.The indigenous people2.The later settlersIII.Dreamtime and Dreaming1.What is “Dreamtime”?2.What is “the Dreaming”?IV.British colonization1.Terra Nullius2.Exploitation of the land3.The impact of colonization4.The policies of segregation and exclusion5.The policy of AssimilationUnit 16 Australia Culture LifeI.Protestantism1.Status2.Values3.Protestantism and CapitalismII.Anglicanism1.Status2.DeclineIII.Catholicism1.Status2.Reasons for its dominance3.Social rolesIV.Religion and rapid social change1. A consumerist society2. Fundamentalism3. SecularismV. Non-Christian religions1. Buddhism2. Islam3. Hinduism4.JudaismVI. Sport-an Australia religion1.Variants2.Sport figuresUnit 17 Work and Family LifeI.Australia as a penal colony1.Establishment of colonies2.Convict colonies3.“Free” coloniesII.Forms of families1.Formation of new families2.Convict partnerships3.Currency children4.“Free” familiesIII.Work in the penal colony1.Convict labour2.Emancipists3.Important figuresIV.From Convict Transportation to “Free” Migration1.Suspension of convict transportation2.“Free” Migrationernment-assisted migrationUnit 18 Australia as a Liberal Democratic SocietyI.Central value of the countryII.Political system1.The Washminster form of polity2.Three- tier system of government3.Two houses of the federal parliament4.The Governor-General5.The Prime Minister6.The pluralist form of governmentIII.Economy and politics1.What is Australia’s economy like?ernment involovement3.Dismantling of government involvementIV.Three political economic programmes1.Concept of the programmes2.Shift of focus in AustraliaUnit 19 Australia in the World TodayUnit 20 From Racism to MulticulturalismI.Immigration in history1.The 19th century2.White Australia Policy 19013.Post World War II period4.Multiculturalism from 19735.Migration TodayII.Struggle of the Aboriginality1.The relationships between the colonizers and the Peoples of the Dreaming2.The Aboriginal Protection Act of 19093.Day of Mourning and Protest4.The 1946 Stockmen’s Strike5.Strike of the Gurimdji people in the 1960s6.Freedom Rides in the 1960s7.The Mabo Decision8.The Wik Decision9.Social inequality todayIII. The history wars1.The rejection of the “dark side”2.Criticisms on this rejectionNew ZealandUnit 1 Land, People and HistoryI.Geography, land and enviroment1.Geography2.Weather3.Wildlife---- unique flora and faura4.Enviromental responsibilityII.The New Zealanders1.Populationnguage3.Human rights4.Standard of livingIII.Maoritanga1.Definition2.Legends about Maui3.Maori society4.Race relations5.Maori languageIV.History1.First settlers of the Islands2.European Navigators3.Maori and Pakeha4.The Post-war YearsUnit 2 Political System, Education and Economyernment1.The Constitution2.Parliament3.Election4.The Cabinet5.Public servants6.Reform7.The Ombudsman8.Local governmentcation1.Early childhood education2.Primary schools and secondary schools3.The Correspondence School4.State schools and private schools5.Special needs education6.Universities and polytechnicsIII.Economy1.Agriculture2.Forestry and fishing3.Energy4.Overseas tradeThe United States of AmericaUnit 3 American BeginningsI.What is an American?1. A new race2.Current situationII.Two Immigration Movements1.From Asia2.From Europe and AfricaIII.The Forces that led to the Modern Development of Europe1.The growth of capitalism2.The Renaissance3.The Religious ReformationIV.The Colonial Patterns1.The Settlement in Virginia2.Puritanism3.Catholic Maryland4.Quaker PennsylvaniaV.The American Revolution ( The War of Independence)1.The Causes2.The Eve3.The Process4.The Major Leaders (The Founding Fathers)5.The SignificanceUnit 4 The Political System in the United StatesI.The Articles of Confederation1.The background2.The reasons for its failureII.The making of the US Constitution1.The Constitutional Convention2.The ConstitutionIII.The three branches of the federal government1.Legislative brance2.Executive branch3.Judicial branchIV.Checks and balances1.The origin2.The purposeV.The Bill of Rights1.The components2.The purpose3.The contentsVI.Political parties1.The Democratic Party2.The Reppublican Party3.The electionUnit 5 American EconomyI.Industrial Revolution in America1.The backgournd2.The development3.Service industriesII.Free enterprise1.The significance2.Capital3.StockIII.The roots of affluence1.The land and the population2.Other factorsIV.American Agriculture1.The siginificance2.Agribusiness3.Migrant workers4.The success and problemsUnit 6 Religion in the United StatesI.American history and religious liberty1.American history2.Religious libertyII.The Three Faiths1.Protestants and different Protestant groups2.Catholics3.Judaism4.The relationsIII.Religious diversity1.Various religious groups2.The conflictsIV.Characteristics of American religious beliefs1.Three main characteristics2.The significance of religious beliefs.Unit 7 American LiteratureI.Post-Revolutionary period1.Washington Irving2.James Fenimore CooperII.Transcendentalishts1.Ralph Waldo Emerson2.Henry David ThoreanIII.Power of Imagination1.Edgar Allan Poe2.Nathaniel Hawthorne3.Herman MelvilleIV.New Vision of America1.Walt Whitman2.Leaves of GrassV.Reform and Liberation1.Harriet Beecher Stowe2.Uncle Tom’s CabinVI.Regionalism1.Mark Twain2.Emily DickinsonVII. A new wave1.The naturalists2.Other writersVIII.Sympathetic views of women writers1.Kate Chopin2.Willa CatherIX.Rebellious Spirit1.The writers2.The similarityX.The Modernists1.Ezra Pound2.T.S. EliotXI.The “Lost Generation”1.The background2.The writersXII.Harlem Renaissance1.The development2.The poetsXIII.New Drama1.Eugene O’Neil2.The major playsXIV.Depression Realism and Escapism1.John Steinbeck2.Margaret MitchellXV.Postwar voices and the “Beat Generation”1.African American writers2.American Jews3.In the theater4.The “Beat Generation”XVI.New American V oices1.Black wmen writers2.Chinese-American writersUnit 8 Education in the United Statescation in America today1.The goal2.Public schools and private schoolsII.Different education laws for different states 1.The similarities2.The differencesIII.Several levels of schooling1.Elementary school2.Secondary schoolcation in a new nation1.The influence of the Puritans2.The state and educationV.New development1.Equal education opportunities2.Strong demand for higher educationVI.Higher Education1.The requirements2.The complex system3.Varieties of colleges and universities4.Trends in degree programscation for all1.The Servicemen’s Reajustment Act2.Affirmative Action Programs3.Non-traditional studentsUnit 9 Social Movements of the 1960sI.The beginning1.Greensboro “Sit-in”2.Three kinds of social movementsII.About the social movements1.The causes2.The members3.What is a social movement ?III.The Civil Rights Movement1.The processanizations3.Direct Action Tactics4.ChangesIV.The Youth Movement/ Anti-War Movement1.Free Speech Movement2.“Counterculture”3.The Anti-War MovementV.Women’s Liberation Movement1.The beginning2.NOWUnit 10 Social Problems in the United StatesI.Racial problems1. A nation of immigrants2.Inequality in American society3.Discrimination against blacks4.The black “underclass”II.Poverty1.Current situation2.The consequencesIII.Drug Abuse1.Current situation2.Social costsIV.Crime1.The profile of a typical criminal2.Racial prejudice in the high rate of arrests3.White-collar crimesV.The abuse of power1.The abuse of power by government2.The abuse of power by corporationsUnit 11 American Way of Life: A Search for Credible Generalizations Unit 12 The Women’s Liberation Movement in AmericaUnit 13 Technology in AmericaI.DefinitionII.Early 19th Century1.Eli Whitney2.John H. Hall3.Cyrus H. McCormick4.The Stevens and transportation5.Samuel F. B. Morse6.Alexander Garden Bellte 19th Century1.Thomas Alva Edison2.Taylorism and FordismIV.Early 20th Century1.Reginald Fessenden2.Lee De Forest3.Further development of the radioV.Mid-20th century1.Radio shows2.Household technologieste 20th Century1.The Age of Visual Informationitary research and development used in peacetimeUnit 14 Post-WWII American Foreign PolicyI.The beginning of the Cold War1.Basic situation2.The Cold WarII.Arms race and the containment policy1.Arms race2.The containment policyIII.Engagement and expansion1.Basic situation2.The background3.The policyIV.Unilateralism and faith in military strength1.Unilateralism2.Sept.11 terrorist attack3.The strategy of preemption4.War on IraqUnit 15 Sports and Scenic Spots in AmericaI.Sports1.The American Football2.Baseball3.Baseketball4.Other sports activitiesII.Scenic spots1.The Grand Canyon2.The Southwest3.The Northwest4.The Rocky Mountains5.The Pacific Coast6.The Middle West7.Florida8.The Southeast9.The Northeast10.New York State11.Urban scenesUnit 16 American Popular Culture: Movies and MusicI.Jazz music1.The reasons for its popularity2.CharacteristicsII.Early New Orleans jazz1.Early jazz music2.BluesIII.Jazz in Chicago and New York in the 1920s1.Two styles2.The musiciansIV.The piano1.The history2.Ragtime music3.“Stride” pianoV.Boogie Woogie1.The development2.CharacteristicsCanadaUnit 17 The Country and Its PeopleI.Canada and the Canadian identity1.Canada2.The Canadian identityII.The regions of Canada1.Basic situation2.The north3.The west4.The prairies5.Central Canada6.The Altantic regionIII.History1.The First Nations2.European settlement3.The ConfederationIV.The origin of the word “Canada” and place names.1.The word “Canada”2.Place namesUnit 18 The Government and Politics in CanadaI.Historical background1.Canada’s political system2.Canadian system and American system3.Tolerance of different values and customsII.Structures of government1.Canada’s system of government2.The House of Commons and the SenateIII.The federal political scene1.National parties2.Regional partiesIV.Canadian prime ministers1.Pierre Trudeau2.Brian Mulroney3.Jean Chretien4.Similarities of the three leadersUnit 19 The Canadian MosaicI.Mosaic and multiculturalism1.Mosaic2.MulticulturalismII.The First Canadians1.The First Nations2.The Inuit3.The Metis4.Their situationIII.The settlers1.The base of Canada’s immigration policy2.The development3.ChangesIV.French Canadians1.Population distribution2.The problem3.The SolutionsUnit 20 The Canadian EconomyI.Three factors influencing Canadian economy1.Geography and population2.The United States3.Federal governmentsII.History1.The original patterns2.Changes3.Protectionism and free tradeernment intervenionismIII.The Canadian- US Free Trade Agreement1.The background2.The content3.Problems4.BenefitsIV.Three groups of industry1.Primary industries2.Secondary industries3.Tertiary industries4.ProportionV. Canada’s place in the World economyUnit 21 Canadian LiteratureI.The Literature of Survival1.Survival in Nature2.Cultural SurvivalII.Native Canadian MythologyIII.Early Colonial Literature1.Background2.An Era of ReportingIV.The Literature of Nation-Building1.Background2.The Era of Realism in Literature3.Writers and WorksV.Canada in the Ascendant1.The “Montreal Group” of Poets2.Ted Allan3.Literature in the French LanguageVI.Canadian Literature in the Modern World1.Main Features2.Writers and WorksUnit 22 Canada’s International RelationsI.Introduction1.Canada’s role in the world2.Canada as a “junior partner”3.Canada as a “middle power”II.Political Geography1.Geographical Influence2.Canada’s role in international Organizations3.Canada as a “middle power”III.Political Geography1.Geographical Influence2.Canada’s role in international Organizations IV.From Junior Partner to Middle Power1.Canada in “the vortex of European militarism”2.Conscription Crisis3.Canada’s golden age of international diplomacy V.Canada’s Military Commitments1.Involuntary Military Guarantees2.Independent foreign policy3.“Free rider”VI.Canadian-American Relations1.Close in relationship2.Defense Policy3.Economic interests4.DifferencesVII.Overseas Development Programs1.Attitude towards the Third World2.Peace and security promotion。

介绍东盟英文作文The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a regional intergovernmental organization comprising ten countries in Southeast Asia, which promotes intergovernmental cooperation and facilitates economic, political, security, military, educational, and sociocultural integration among its members and other Asian states.ASEAN was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok by the five original member countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. Since then, membership has expanded to include Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam. Its principal aims include accelerating economic growth, social progress, and cultural development in the region and promoting regional peace and stability through respect for justice and the rule of law.The ASEAN Declaration states that the aims and purposes of the Association are: (1) to accelerate the economic growth, social progress, and cultural development in the region through joint endeavors in the spirit of equality and partnership in order to strengthen the foundation for aprosperous and peaceful community of Southeast Asian Nations; (2) to promote regional peace and stability through abiding respect for justice and the rule of law in the relationship among countries in the region and adherence to the principles of the United Nations Charter;(3) to promote active collaboration and mutual assistance on matters of common interest in the economic, social, cultural, technical, scientific, and administrative fields; and (4) to provide assistance to each other in the form of training and research facilities in the educational, professional, technical, and administrative spheres.In addition to these objectives, ASEAN also aims to promote the Southeast Asian studies and to maintain and develop cultural and intellectual exchanges among its members. It has also created a Southeast Asian identity and fostered a common Asian culture through the promotion of regional literature and the arts.As a regional organization, ASEAN has established a number of institutions to promote cooperation and integration among its members. These include the ASEAN Secretariat, the ASEAN Regional Forum, the ASEAN Free TradeArea, and the ASEAN Economic Community. The organization has also established mechanisms for conflict resolution and political dialogue, such as the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights and the ASEAN Political-Security Community.In recent years, ASEAN has been working to strengthenits economic integration through the implementation of the ASEAN Economic Community, which aims to create a single market and production base, with a free flow of goods, services, investment, and skilled labor. This initiative has the potential to significantly boost economic growth and development in the region and enhance ASEAN's role in the global economy.Overall, ASEAN plays a crucial role in promotingregional cooperation, economic integration, and political dialogue in Southeast Asia. It has made significant contributions to peace, stability, and prosperity in the region and has the potential to further enhance its role in the future.东盟是一个由东南亚十个国家组成的区域政府间组织，旨在促进成员国之间的合作，并在经济、政治、安全、军事、教育和社会文化领域促进一体化。

Attachment 1 -Items that’ll be included in the Final Exam* * *I. Decide whether each of the following statements is True (T) or False (F):(1% for each item; total: 20%)...II. Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers the question in each case: (1% for each item; total: 20%)...III. Fill in the blanks: (1% for each blank; total: 30%)...IV. Write a mini-paragraph telling what you know about each of the 3 terms assigned to you: (10% for each para.; total: 30%)1. the Declaration of Independence2. the Bill of Rights3. corporation4. the Three Faiths in the US5. Mark Twain6. higher education in the US7. the civil rights movement8. poverty as a social problem9. the NBA10. jazzAttachment 2 -A Word from the Teacher* * *I. Decide whether each of the following statements is True (T) or False (F):ALL OF THE STATEMENTS HERE ARE QUOTED FROM THEREADINGS WE’VE TALKED ABOUT DURING THE SEMESTER.* * *II. Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers the question in each case: (1% for each item; total: 20%)ALL OF THE MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS HERE ARE BASEDON THOSE READINGS.* * *III. Fill in the blanks: (1% for each blank; total: 30%)THE EXCERCISES HERE ARE MUCH EASIER THAN THOSEBLANK-FILLING EXERCISES IN OUR TEXTBOOK. SOME OF THEM ARE OF GENERAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE USA.* * *IV. Write a mini-paragraph telling what you know about each of the 3 terms assigned to you: (10% for each para.; total: 30%)WE WOULD PREFER YOU TO WRITE YOUR PARAGRAPHS IN YOUR OWN WORDS, WORDS THAT ARE SIMPLE BUT VERY WELL USED.* * *Attachment 3 -YEARS/MONTHS/DATES OF IMPORTANCE* * *500 AD - 1500 AD1492151716071619/07/301620the early 1760s1773177417751776/07/041775 - 17811783178717911800 (before 1800)the 1850s (in the 1850s)1776 - 1860 (changes to American industry):1793 (the introduction of the factory system)1793 (the making of textiles by machine)1793 (invention by Eli Whitney: the cotton gin)1800 (the American system of mass production)1913 (Henry Ford introduced the moving assembling line)early 1930s2007。

东盟复习资料东盟（Association of Southeast Asian Nations，简称ASEAN）是由东南亚10个国家组成的地区性组织，成立于1967年。

它的成立标志着东南亚国家在政治、经济、社会和文化等多个领域上的合作与发展。

作为世界上最具活力和潜力的地区之一，东盟在过去几十年里取得了令人瞩目的成就。

首先，东盟在经济领域上取得了显著的成就。

通过建立东盟自由贸易区（AFTA）和东盟经济共同体（AEC），东盟国家实现了贸易和投资的自由化，促进了区域内的经济增长和发展。

东盟成员国之间的贸易额已经大幅增加，跨国公司在该地区的投资也不断增加。

此外，东盟还与其他国家和地区签署了一系列自由贸易协定，进一步扩大了区域内的贸易网络。

其次，东盟在安全合作方面发挥了重要作用。

东盟成立了东盟地区论坛（ARF）和东盟共同防务条约（TAC）等机制，促进了地区内各国之间的对话和合作。

东盟还积极参与解决地区内的争端和冲突，推动了南海问题的和平解决进程。

通过加强地区内的安全合作，东盟为地区的和平与稳定作出了重要贡献。

此外，东盟还致力于推动社会和文化领域的合作与发展。

东盟通过举办文化艺术节、教育交流项目和旅游合作等活动，促进了成员国之间的相互了解和友谊。

东盟还鼓励成员国在教育、健康、环境保护等领域开展合作，提高了地区内的社会发展水平。

然而，东盟在面临一些挑战和困难。

首先，东盟成员国之间存在着经济发展水平和社会制度差异较大的问题。

一些国家在经济发展和社会治理方面相对较弱，这给东盟的一体化进程带来了一定的困难。

其次，东盟在应对全球性挑战方面还有待加强合作。

气候变化、恐怖主义、贫困和疾病等问题都需要东盟成员国共同努力来解决。

最后，东盟在推动区域一体化和建立东盟共同体的过程中还需要加强机制建设和规范制定，以确保各项合作能够顺利进行。

综上所述，东盟作为东南亚地区的重要组织，在经济、安全和社会文化领域都发挥着重要作用。

东盟的成立和发展为成员国带来了经济繁荣、安全稳定和社会进步。

英语国家社会与文化复习资料英语国家社会与文化复习资料一、完形填空（每空2分，共40分）1.England is a highly ____1____ country,with more than 80% of its population living in cities,and about 2% of the popul ation working in agriculture.2.The first permanent settlement in North America was establi shed, intoday's __2__ in the year of 1607.3.The American transcendentalist, _____3______- published a sta rtlingbook called Nature he claimed by studying and respectin g to nature individual could reach a higher spiritual state without form religion.4.The U.S. federal government consist of the following three branches____4____the legislative and the judicial.5.One advantage of corporation over sole proprietorship and p artnership is that it has _____5___,so investors risked only the amount of their investment and not their entire assets6.The best -known stock exchange is ___6_________located in W all Street area of New York City.7.WASP stands for ______7_______.8.The majority of the Catholics in the U.S. are descendants of immigrants from _______8______,Italy and Poland.9._______9______, they refer to the five novels written by F ennimoreCooper.10.A collection of poems written by_____10____, it is a grou nd-breaking book. That is Leaves of Grass.11.An jazz music ensemble of musicians consists of two secti ons: the front line and ____11_____.12.M.B.A and G.R.E. stand for Master of Business Administration and _______12______ in U.S. education.13.In the U.S., B.A. and B.S. stand for Bachelor of Arts a nd _______13________in higher education.14.The two most well known computer companies are IBM and_ ____14____in the United States.15.In the 11th century Britain was invaded by a group of__1 5____ fromnorthern France .16.Two Scottish cities which have a ancient and international ly respected universities _______16________ and Glasgow.17.The Britain, the official head of state is now the Kingwhile thereal center of political life is in ______17__ ______.18.The British Constitution consists of _____18________,the c ommon laws and conventions.19.In jazz music major musical instrument include violin,_____ 19_____,piano,trombone, cymbal,bell, hollow wooden block,chimes ,drum,guitar etc.20.In the American education , A.A. stands for ____20______.二、单选题（每小题2分，共20分）1.Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces t hat led tothe modem development of Europe?A.The growth of capitalism.B.The Renaissance.C.The Religious Reformation.D.Tile spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.2.Who was the first to start the Religious Revolution that brought about the modern development of Europe?A.Martin LutherB.John CalvinC.John LockeD.John Adams3.Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?A.separation of state and church.B.respect of education.C.intolerant moralism.D.a sense of mission.4.The theory of Americmainly fromA.George Washington.B.Thomas Jefferson.C.John Adams.D.John Locke.5.Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestan tism?A.Catholics.B.Puritans.C.Quakers.D.Church of England.6.Which of the following was NOT the cause that brought a bout the development of American Industrial Revolution.A.introduction of factory systemB.system of mass productionC.construction of railroadD.religious liberty7.Service industry does not include_______________.A.BankingB.management consultationC.AirlineD.steelmaking8.One of the problems with American agriculture that criticsaccusesboth corporate and family farmers of damaging the __ ________.A.tourism attractionB.environmentC.cultural balanceD.economic development9.The latest technology that farmers have adopted is ________A.artificial fertilizersB.pesticideC.tractors/doc/ae17297419.html,puters10.Which of the following was NOT a Protestant denomination?A.The Baptists.B.The Catholics.C.The Methodists.D.The Presbyterians.三、名句解释（每小题5分，共15分）1.Allegory: A tale in verse or prose in which characters, actions, or settings represent abstract ideas or moral qualities. An allegory is a story with two meanings, a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning.2.Alliteration: The repetition of the initial consonant sounds in poetry.3. Allusion: A reference to a person, a place, an event, or a literary work that a writer expects the reader to recognize and respond to. An allusion may be drawn from history, geography, literature, or religion.四、作文题（25分）题目：我所拥有的东西（The Things I Have）Simply state the happiness you have in modern times.答案一、完形填空（每空2分，共40分）1.urbanized2.Virginia3.Ralph Waldo Emerson4.the executive5.limited liability6.New York Stock Exchange7.8.Ireland9.10.Walt Whitman11.the percussion12.Graduate Record Examination13.14.Apple15.the Normans16.Edinburgh17.the House of Commons18.statute law19.clarinet20.Associate of Arts二、(2 point each)1- 5 DAADA 6-10 DDBAB三、名句解释（每小题5分，共15分）1. Allegory: A tale in verse or prose in which characters, actions, or settings represent abstract ideas or moral qualities. An allegory is a story with two meanings, a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning.寓言：用诗歌或散文讲的故事，在这个故事中人物、事件或背景往往代表抽象的概念或道德品质。

一.东南亚简要概况1.In Southeast Asia, the largest, also the most populous country is Indonesia, with an area of 1,904 ,443 square kilometers and a population of 215,000,000.在东南亚,最大的城市,也是世界上人口最多的国家是印尼,总面积1904443平方公里,人口215000000。

2. The country with the smallest area (only 707 square kilometers) is Singapore, and it has a popul ation of 4,839,000.这个国家以最小的区域(只有707平方公里)是新加坡,它有4839000人口。

3. Brunei is the least populous country in Southeast Asia, and it has only 379,000 people. 文莱是最稠密的国家在东南亚,它只有379000人。

4.The Mekong River, with a total length of 4,400 kilometers, is not only the biggest river in South east Asia but also one of the most important international rivers in the world.湄公河,总里程达4400公里,不仅是东南亚最大的河流,但之一,也是最重要的国际河流,在世界上。

5.Vietnam and Laos adopted the People’s Congress System and communist leadership。

越南和老挝采用人民代表大会制度、共产党的领导。

英语国家社会与文化入门英语专业期末复习题英语国家社会与文化入门》模拟试题paper 31. Tick the correct answer in each of the following:1. Llywelgn ap Gruffudd is more than a simple historical figure for the W elsh. He is almost considered the legendary hero of Welsh nationalism b ecause英语国家社会与文化入门Test paper 31. Tick the correct answer in each of the following:1. Llywelgn ap Gruffudd is more than a simple historical figure for the W elsh. He is almost considered the legendary hero of Welsh nationalism b ecauseA. he became the first Prince of Wales in 1267.B. he brought the English under his control.C. he led a historic uprising against the English.D. he unified Wales as an independent nation.2. How many counties do you know there are in Northern Ireland?A. 26B. 6C. 32D. 203. Which of the following about the House of Commons in Britain is NO T true?A. Members of Parliament elect the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.B. MPs receive salaries and some other allowance.C. MPs are expected to represent the interests of the public.D. Most MPs belong to the major political parties.4. Who is the leader of the Labor party in Britain at present?A. John MajorB. Tony BlairC. Harold WilsonD. Margaret Thatc her5. Which company became an important aero-engine manufacturer after WWI?A. BoeingB. Rolls RoyceC. McDonnel-DouglasD. Hawker-Siddel ey Aviation6. British Aerospace was the merger of which two companies?A. the British Aircraft Corporation and Hawker-Siddeley AviationB. the British Aircraft Corporation and Rolls RoyceC. Hawker-Siddeley Aviation and GEC AvionicsD. Hawker-Siddeley Aviation and Rolls Royce7. Which of the following was a Postmodernist writer?A. George OrwellB. Robert L. StevensonC. Jane AustenD. Virg inia Woolf8. Which of the following about hunting is NOT true?A. It had developed into a recreational activity in medieval England.B. Only men participated in the hunting.C. Modern hunters usually chase foxes nowadays.D. It is strongly objected by animal rights groups.9. Of which people is Robert Burn a national poet?A. Welsh peopleB. Irish peopleC. Scottish peopleD. Englis h people10. On which day is Halloween celebrated?A. 5 NovemberB. 31 OctoberC. 17 MarchD. 25 Decem ber11. Which of the following is NOT true about the Eisteddfod?A. The highlight is the crowning of the two bards.B. It is the largest popular festival of music-making and poetry writing i n Europe.C. "Address to a Haggis" is recited.D. Competitions are held to find the best choirs, translators, essayists and poets.12. Which of the following schools would admit children without reference to their academic abilities?A. Comprehensive schools.B. Secondary schools.C. Independent school.D. Grammar schools.13. Which of the following is NOT a true description of the situation of t he ethnic minorities in the UK?A. They are well-represented in the British parliament.B. They are economically poorer than the white population.C. They are treated unfairly by the justice system.D. They are threatened by some racist groups.14. Britain has its nuclear naval force sinceA. it's one of the developed countries in the world.B. it's a traditional sea power.C. it has an advanced industry.D. it's able to produce submarines.15. Which of the following about the tabloids is NOT true?A. They are big format newspaper.B. They are often called "the gutter press".C. They mainly deal in scandals and gossip about famous people.D. They carry stories with color photos and catchy headlines.16. ____ is Australia's largest trading partner.A. ChinaB. ASEAN countriesC. BritainD. Japan17. In which of the following areas Australia and America have disagree ments?A. Trade policies.B. American military presence in the Asian and Pacific region.C. Establishing diplomatic relations with P. R. China.D. Australia's membership in the UN Security Council.18. Diplomatic relations between Australia and China was established inA. the 1950s.B. the 1960s.C. the 1970s.D. the 1980s.19. _____is the largest segment of the Australian economy.A. The primary industry.B. The secondary industry.C. The tertiary industry.D. The food-processing industry.20. The largest manufacturing sector in Australia is _____A. the ship-building industry.B. the Australian aerospace indus try.C. the heavy engineering industry.D. the Australian food-process ing industry.21. The sole parent pension is available toA. all single parents.B. single people caring for children under 16 or recipients of the child disability allowance.C. single parents divorced with children under 16.D. divorced or widowed old women.22. Which of the following is NOT a part of the Australian social security programs?A. Tertiary education assistance.B. Age pensions.C. Pensions for war and defense widows.D. The child disability all owance.23. "No taxation without representation" was the rallying cry of _____A. the settlers of Virginia.B. the people of Pennsylvania.C. the colonists in New England.D. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolutio n.24. The New Deal was started by ______A. Franklin Roosevelt.B. J. F. Kennedy.C. George Washington.D. Thomas Jefferson.25. The latest technology that farmers have adopted is _________.A. artificial fertilizersB. pesticideC. tractorsD. computers26. _____does NOT belong to the "Lost Generation".A. John Dos PassosB. Ernest HemingwayC. F. Scott FitzgeraldD. John Steinbeck27. _____was NOT written by Hemingway.A. Light in AugustB. The Sun Also RisesC. A Farewell to ArmsD. for Whom the Bell Tolls28. Which of the following is NOT a black author?A. Richard WrightB. Alan GinsbergC. James BaldwinD. Ralph Ellison29. The following authors were women writers who wrote novels in the l ate 19th and early 20th century with the exception of _____.A. Emily DickinsonB. Edith WhartonC. Willa CatherD. Kate C hopin30. The following writers represent new American voices except ______ _.A. Toni MorrisonB. Alice WalkerC. T. S. EliotD. Maxine Hon g Kingston31. To get a bachelor's degree, an undergraduate student is required to do the following except _.A. attending lectures and complete assignmentsB. passing examinationC. taking certain subjects such as history, language and philosophyD. earning a certain number of credits at the end of the four years at college32. Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of In dia's leader Gandhi, ______ was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 196 4.A. John F. KennedyB. James FarmerC. Ella BakerD. Martin L uther King, Jr.33. The one group within the counter culture best known for their pursuit of happiness as their only goal in life was called _____.A. the "Hippies"B. the "Beat Generation"C. the "Me Generation"D. the "Lost Generation"34. In the 1960s, feminism was reborn. Many women were dissatisfied w ith their lives, and in 1963, with the publication of _____by ______, they found a voice.A. The Feminine Mystique, Betty FriedanB. Profile in Courage,Joh n F. KennedyC. The Other America, Michael HarringtonD. Catch in the Rye, J.D. Salinger35. _____made the first desktop PC.A. Bill GatesB. IBMC. Two young amateur inventorsD. Apple Computers36. _______made the first liquid propellant rocket.A. Robert H GoddardB. Na GermanyC. J. Robert OppenheimerD. US military37. ______ invented the telephone.A. Samuel F.B. Morse B. Alexander Graham BellC. Thomas Alva EdisonD. Reginald Fessenden38. The tradition of the vocal ballad which contributed to the blues form was usually accompanied by_____A. a guitar.B. a piano.C. a banjo.D. a trombone and a cymbal39. The Progressive Conservative Party was completely wiped out in the 1933 federal election becauseA. they offended the French-speaking people in Canada.B. they governed the entire country for too many years.C. they had bad management of the economy.D. they were unable to represent the country as a whole.40. "Triple alliance" in Jean-Charles Harvey's novel refer to the following except:A. capitalistsB. politiciansC. churchD. French separatism41. In which period have Canada's most famous and successful writers appeared?A. post-war periodB. period of nation-buildingC. early colonial periodD. pre-European period42. What idea is most powerfully presented in Margaret Laurence's work, making her highly representative of contemporary Canada?A. self-analysisB. women's positionC. cultural differenceD. politic al environment43. Which of the following novels was made into an extremely successfu l film in 1997?A. Lost in the BarrensB. The Two SolitudesC. The Handmaid's TaleD. The English Patient44. On the evidence of the past, Canada used to be so reluctant to get involved in Europeansquabbles that one prime minister even referred to the two world wars a s "the vortex of European militarism". Who made the remarks?A. Prime Minister Lester PearsonB. Prime Minister Wilfred La urierC. Prime Minister Pierre TrudeauD. Prime Minister Brian Mulr oney45. In 1917, the Canadian government introduced conscription, which res ulted in bitterresentment in the French-speaking province. Which of the following is th e correct name?A. British ColumbiaB. Nova ScotiaC. OntarioD. Quebec46. According to the author, Canada entered into its golden age of inter national diplomacy in the 1950s, the period of which was capped by ___ _.A. Canada's role in the Suez Crisis of 1956B. Canada's role in the World Trade OrganizationC. Canada's role in the NATOD. Canada's role in World Health Organization47. Who was awarded a Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts made to intro duce a UN peacekeeping force into the Suez Canal region during the Cr isis of 1956?A. Brian MulroneyB. Pierre TrudeauC. John HolmsD. Lester P earson48. Whose administration worked especially hard for the international rec ognition of the People's Republic of China?A. Wilfred Laurier's administrationB. Lester Pearson's administratio nC. MacKine King's administrationD. Brian Mulroney's administration49. The Canada-U. S. relations are so close that Prime Minister Louis S t Laurent once said that it was like ______.A. a relationship between two teammates.B. a relationship between two brothers.C. a relationship between two business partners.D. a relationship between two farmers.50. One of the historic reasons that leads Canada to empathing with the problems the Third World countries face on their way to independence i s:A. its colonial pastB. its imperialist pastC. its feudal historyD. its socialist-oriented economy.II. Fill in the blanks:1. The full name of the United Kingdom is _________________________ _________________.2. The island of Great Britain is made up of ________________, ______ _____and__________.3. The United Kingdom has been a member of _____________________ _________since 1973.4. Britain is now a _____________society which produces a population of which 1 in 20 are of ___________________ethnicity.5. London plays a significant role in ________________economic and cul tural life. It's not only the financial ________of the nation, but also one of ___________major international financial centers in _______________ _.6. Britain consists of _____nations, including England, ________,______ and ______________.7. Britain is a country with a history of invasions. In 43 AD Britain was i nvaded by __________, in the late 8th century they experienced _______ __raids from Scandinavia and in the 11th century they suffered invasions from _____________.8. The Anglo-Saxon began to settle in Britain in _________century.9. The capital of Britain is ________, which has great influence on the UK in all fields including _____________, ____________ and _________ ____.10. Charles the First, king of Britain, was executed, because he attempt ed to ______________ in the English Revolution.11. Name two Scottish cities which have ancient and internationally resp ected universities: __________________ and _______________.12. The battle of Bannockburn led by Robert the Bruce succeeded in wi nning the full independence of ______________.13. Both the Scottish and Welsh people elect their members of parliame nts to the London Parliament and each holds ____________and ______ _____ seats respectively.14. The capital of Scotland is ____________, which is well-known for its natural ___________.15. Although Wales is the smallest of the three nations on the ________ __ mainland, it's good at getting _________ from abroad, particularly Jap an and __________________.16. To pursue Irish independence, the most spectacular event in the Irish history was _________ of 1916, in which the rebels occupied Dublin's _______________ and forced the British to take it back by ___________ _.17. ____________, the ancestor of the present Queen, Elizabeth II, united England under his rule in 829.18.The UK is divided into ______constituencies with each of them repres ented by a member in _________________.19. The UK economy can be divided into three main sectors: _________ ___industries, secondary industries and _____________industries.20. One of the oldest of the early "old English" literary works is called _ ___________________.21. ___________is a rough, fast game which was invented in Britain whi le ___________is a more gentle sport which owes its origin to the Chur ch.22. Christmas commemorates ________________________, while ______ _____commemorates the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus Christ.23. The two oldest universities in Britain are __________________ and ___________________.24. Like the housing system in the US and the wealthy English-speaking commonwealth, the UK has a very high proportion of _______________ __, which means that the people own the house they live in.25. When the Second World War was over, Britain was active in ______ ______the United Nations and became one of the _____permanent mem bers of __________________________.26. Britain has one of the world's oldest established ____________indust ries. The Observer, which appeared in 1791, is the world's oldest _____ ______newspaper, while The Times, which began publishing in 1785, is Britain's oldest______________newspaper.27. Australia, as the world's _________continent and _________island, h as a population which is _____________ in relation to its size.28. The smallest state is________________, an ___________in the sout hern corner of Australia. It is also the ___________island in Australia.29. Nearly 50 years ago, the Australian economy depended heavily on _ ________________. Today, the Australian economy is more __________________and _____________________. __________________________ g enerates two-thirds of its production.30. ________________________is the Australian media's leading sourcef overseas news.31. Seasons in New Zealand are opposite to the ___________________ ______, with the highest temperature in __________and __________, an d the lowest temperature in ______________.32. New Zealand's major exports are meat,________________, wood,___ _____, _____and fruit.33. In 1782, the Frenchman who settled in Pennsylvania first asked the question "what is an American" in his book _______________________.34. After the War of Independence was won, the national government w as called ___________, and the agreement that guided the government was _________________________________.35. The first Secretary of Treasury of the United States was __________ __________________.36. "WASP" stands for__________________________________________ __________.37. _______________________ and _______________________are the t wo major American writers of the post-Revolutionary period.38. About ______percent of American students go to __________schools and _________percent attend private schools.39. On February 1, 1960, 4 black students from a black college in ____ ______________, North Carolina, began their protest against the racial s egregation laws by such tactics as _________, thus beginning the civil ri ghts movement.40. American society is a stratified one in which _____________, _____ ________ and _______ are unequally distributed among the population.41. The invention of the __________________by ____________________ made it possible to obtain higher profits from agriculture. US agriculture was moving away from subsistence farming towards a food marketing e nterprise.42. The Grand Canyon is carved away for nearly 6 million years by the waters of the _________ River.43. The two conferences for American football are AFC, which stands fo r __________________ and NFC, which stands for __________________ ______.44. Jazz music, as a musical form, was initially performed and appreciat ed by ______________.45. In area, Canada is the __________________country on earth.46. Canada preferred to establish a nation based on ____________, ___ _______and ________.47. Many people use the notion that American society is a ___________ _______ while Canada is described as a __________________________.48. Industry in Canada can be divided into three main groups:natural re sources (_____________________);manufacturing (_________________); and service (_________) industries. In 1990, the primary sector, includin g ____________, ____________, forestry and ________________account ed for 10 percent of Canada's Gross Domestic Product. Secondary indus tries, including manufacturing, ______________, transport and _________ __________, made up 36 percent of GDP; and the _____________secto r of trade, ____________________, service and public administration, ac counted for nearly 54 percent of GDP.49. In Canadian literature Margaret Atwood sees a very common concer n with the idea of ___________, and she says that this idea represents the central symbol of Canadian literature.50. According to the author, it was Canada that "invented" the concept of _____________ and convinced the world to put pressure on South Afri ca's __________________policies.。

〃东盟国家文化〃题库%1.填空题1.泰国历史上第一个统一的土朝是素可泰土朝。

2.最早出现在东南亚的原始人群是爪哇猿人3.水稻是东南亚农业的核心。

4.柬埔寨最早的国家是扶南土国。

5.中南半岛又称中印半岛或印度支那半岛。

6.伊洛瓦底江是缅甸第一大河。

7.泰国最大的岛屿是普吉岛。

8.缅甸的首都名称是内比都。

9.卬尼的室利佛逝王国在中国占书中曾被称为二1注10.越南、泰国、缅甸有世界三大“谷仓”的盛誉。

11・东南亚可以分为人陆东南亚和岛屿东南亚两个部分。

12.湄公河源门中国境内的澜沧江。

13.马来西亚的锡产量和菲律宾的椰子出口量均长期居于世界首位。

14.印度尼西亚是东南亚最大的石油生产国和世界上最大的天然气出口国。

15.据史料记载，越南最早出现的国家有文郎国和瓯越国。

16.柬埔寨是东南亚历史最长的国家。

17.文莱王朝是东南亚除了柬埔寨王朝外国祚最长的王朝。

18.洞甲萨湖是中南半岛第一大湖。

19.有宝石土国和佛塔之国美誉的国家是浊。

20.印度尼西亚的“建国五基”分别是人道主义、信仰神道、民族主义、民主和社会公道。

二、单选题1.( )是东南亚唯一的没有岀海口的内陆国家A.柬埔寨B.老挝C.缅甸D.泰国2.有“亚洲唯一的天主教国家”之称的是( )A.印度尼西亚B.文莱C.缅甸D.菲律宾3.()是最晚进入东南亚的世界性宗教A.婆罗门教B.佛教C.基督教D.伊斯兰教4.( )是世界上最大的橡胶生产国A.柬埔寨B.老挝C.缅甸D.泰国5.( )是世界上最大的棕稠油生产国A.柬埔寨B.老挝C.印度尼西亚D.马来西亚6.东南亚地区穆斯林最多的国家是( )A.印度尼西亚B.马来西亚C.新加坡D.文莱7.( )是二战后东南亚地区最早独立的国家A.老挝B.印度尼西亚C.越南D.菲律宾& ( )的咖啡产量居世界笫二位，仅次于巴西A.柬埔寨B.老挝C.缅甸D.越南9.东南亚地区在二战时期唯一没冇沦为四方列强殖民地的是( )A.柬埔塞B.老挝C.缅甸D.泰国E.文莱F.越南10.( )是东南亚最大的河流A.伊洛瓦底江B.湄公河C.湄南河D.红河11.东南亚诸国中历史最为悠久的文字是( )A.马来文B.古高棉文C.喃字D.老挝文三、多选题1.卬度尼西亚的（A ）和（B ）是东南亚古代文明的主要发祥地和传播中心A.苏门答腊岛B.爪哇岛C.加里曼丹岛D.马鲁占群岛2.古代缅甸曾先后出现过的三个统一的封建王朝是（BCD ）A.素可泰王朝B.蒲甘王朝C.东吁王朝D.贡榜王朝3.法国在东南亚的殖民侵略方向集中于中南半岛的（ABD ）A.柬埔寨B.老挝C.缅甸D.越南4.（ABC ）是马来西亚的三大民族A.马來族B.华族C.印度族D.占族5.新加坡的官方语言是（ABCD ）A.华语B.马来语C.泰米尔语D.英语6.代表泰国国家形象的三种象征物是（ABD ）A.亚洲象B.凉亭C.大米D.金链花7.以下情况有哪几项与印尼的事实相符？（ABCD ）A.是世界上最辽阔的群岛之国B.处于亚欧大陆与太平洋板块的接触带C.是世界上最大的右油和天然气生产国D.拥有东南亚最大的清真寺8.以下哪个国家的车辆是靠左行驶的？（BCEF ）A.菲律宾B.马来西亚C.泰国D.缅甸E.印尼F.新加坡9.马六甲海峡如今由以下哪三个国家共同掌管？（ABE ）A.马来西亚B.新加坡C.菲律宾D.东帝汶E.印度尼西亚10.以卜'哪几个不是东盟的创始国？（CD ）A.泰国B.新加坡C.老挝D.柬埔寨四、判断题1.历史上曾经被称为“骡国”的是老挝。

Unit 4 Politics, Class and Race of BritainImportance of general electionsPeriodic national elections are very important in the western model democracy. The election is seen as an opportunity to influence future government policy---or, less positively, that whatever else the failings of the political system, at lease the election provides the opportunity to “kick the rascals out”!651 seats in the House of CommonsThe party that wins the majority seats can form a cabinet (government).The majority of the members of the Parliament can vote out a government. The election is seen as an opportunity to influence future government policy. Formation of governmentNow about 99% of population can voteEvery 5 years651 members of House of Commons from 651 districtsWho can be a candidate?Any voter500 pounds in depositMoney back if over 5% of votesMonster Raving PartyThe Conservative partyProcedure of general electionOnce the date has been set, everyone on the “electoral register”(the list of citizenseligible to vote) receives a voting card in the small details of when and where tovote.Meanwhile the political parties get their electoral campaigns under way. This involves advertisements in newspaper, door-to-door campaigning.On the election day people go to their local voting station. They give their card tothe official. When the voting closes at the end of the day, the counting begins.The Conservative（保守）partyThe Conservative party is the party that spent most time in power.protecting individual’s rightslow taxesbig companiesrich should also help poor“fatherly”sense of obligation to the poorThe Labor party（工党）Labor Party: socialistunion movementredistribute wealth 再分配services: health care, education, housingnationalization of enterprisesbig government, more taxesLiberal Democrats民主党The Liberal Democrats are the third biggest party, and to some extent may be seen as a partyof the “middle”, occupying the ideological ground between the two main parties.Recent political trends in the UK.ClassDefinition of class:group of people who share types of employment, income levels, and cultural characteristics.“life-chances”It is far from impossible for the working-class child to acquire middle-class status: it is simply statistically much more unlikely than for his middle-class school-friend. Methods of dividing classes:Occupation, income, culture, educationUpper-middle class:higher status professions (doctor, lawyer), private schools, OxbridgeLower-middle class:office worker, low-income, public school, other universitiesWorking class:manual work, low-income, public schoolRace5% of population are not whiteMost from former colonies after WW II.People of former colonies had the right to live in UKConsequences of immigrants: new culture (food, religion, music)Negative effects:Problem of assimilation; some London boroughs have over 30% from minoritiesWhites feel competition and threat(afraid) subtle and overt discrimination against Immigrants worse-off economically, more likely to be unemployedRacist party (The National Front)Many immigrants feel justice system unfairSimilaritiesSimilar in promoting benefits for their classes, helping the poor.DifferencesDifferences in policies. Labor for poor and bigger government, state runs business.Conservatives for more individual entrepreneurship(企业家), small government.Liberal democrats, between the two, for change.。

东盟国家社会与文化第二版课后答案
一、单选题
1. 东盟国家的社会文化特征是：
A. 多元文化、多元宗教、多元语言
B. 多元文化、多元宗教、单一语言
C. 单一文化、多元宗教、多元语言
D. 单一文化、多元宗教、单一语言
答案：A. 多元文化、多元宗教、多元语言
2. 东盟国家的宗教信仰主要有：
A. 佛教、道教、伊斯兰教
B. 佛教、基督教、伊斯兰教
C. 佛教、道教、基督教
D. 基督教、道教、伊斯兰教
答案：B. 佛教、基督教、伊斯兰教
3. 东盟国家的语言主要有：
A. 英语、印尼语、越南语
B. 英语、印尼语、泰语
C. 英语、越南语、泰语
D. 印尼语、越南语、泰语
答案：C. 英语、越南语、泰语
4. 东盟国家的文化特色主要有：
A. 宗教文化、历史文化、艺术文化
B. 宗教文化、历史文化、社会文化
C. 宗教文化、艺术文化、社会文化
D. 历史文化、艺术文化、社会文化
答案：A. 宗教文化、历史文化、艺术文化
二、多选题
1. 东盟国家的宗教文化特色有：
A. 佛教文化
B. 基督教文化
C. 伊斯兰教文化
D. 印度教文化
答案：A. 佛教文化 B. 基督教文化 C. 伊斯兰教文化
2. 东盟国家的历史文化特色有：
A. 古代文明
B. 殖民文化
C. 民族文化
D. 后殖民文化
答案：A. 古代文明 B. 殖民文化 C. 民族文化 D. 后殖民文化。