雅思基础语法练习及答案说课材料

雅思英语语法材料第一章 谓语动词第一讲 时态一、时态表格（一）一般（现在、过去、将来、过去将来）一般现在过去肯定句式主is/are+…主v原/v单三+…主was/were+…主v-ed+…否定句式主is/are not+…主don’t/doesn’t + v原+…主was/were not…主didn’t + v原…疑问句式Is/Are主+…?Do/Does主+v原？Was/were主…?Did主+v原?意义重复、习惯；状态，客观；频度，次数；列车、航班动作已经完成；描述一系列动作；过去习惯标志性频度副词：always, often,rarely, usually,yesterday; last的时间状语sometimes, seldom;once/twice/three/four+次数；every evening/ dayweek/month/yearnight/week/month season /year; …ago; just now;介词+过去的week/month/season/year/century时态“三字经”：现在时，并不难；表重复，表习惯；表状态，表客观；有频度，有次数；看主语，定单三。

（二）（现在、过去、将来、过去将来）进行进行现在过去将来过去将来肯定句式主is/are+v-ing主was/were+v-ing主will/shallbe + v-ing…主would + v原…主was/weregoing to+ v原否定句式主is/arenot +v-ing主was/werenot +v-ing…主won’t be+ v-ing…主Was/Were notgoing to+ v原主wouldn’t+ v原/疑问句式Is/Are主+v-ing…?Was/were主+v-ing…?Will主be +v-ing…？Would主+v原？Was/were主going to+v原？意义说话时正在发生的状态；目前正在进行的工作为过去某一动作提供场景将来进行着的动作；纯粹的将来计划或安排过去谈论将来进行着的动作标志性的时间状语now; at themoment,currently,presently,at present,this weekwhen，while， asby thistimetomorrow…b that time;the next daymonth/year（三）（现在、过去、将来、过去将来）完成完成现在过去将来过去将来肯定句式主has/have+v-ed…主had+v-ed…主willhave+ v-ed…主would have+v-ed…否定句式主has/havenot v-ed…主had not +v-ed…主+won’thave+ v-ed主wouldn’thave+ v-ed…疑问句式Has/Have主+v-ed…?Had主+v-ed…?Will主have+v-ed？Would主have+v-ed…?意义过去动作持续到现在；过去动作影响到现在过去某时之前发生的动作将来某时之前完成的动作过去将来某时之前完成的动作标志性的时间状语for+时间段，since+时间点;Ever, never,just,already,yet; before,till now,when, assoon as, bythe time…,after; nosooner…than…,hardly…when…Before,by+固定时间; in+某段时间Before, by+固定时间; in+某段时间（四）（现在、过去、将来、过去将来）完成进行完成进行现在过去将来过去将来肯定句式主has/havebeen +v-ing…主had been+v-ing…主willhave been+v-ing…主would have+been +v-ing…否定句式主has/havenot been+v-ing…主had notbeen +v-ing…主+won’thave been+v-ing…主wouldn’thave been +v-ing…疑问句式Has/Have主been +v-ing…?Had主been+v-ing…?Will主havebeen + v-ing…？Would主havebeen +v-ing…?意义某种状态或动作持续了多久过去之前某一动作持续的长短或动作本身将来某时之前某个动作或状态存在了多久过去将来某时之前动作或状态存在了多久标志性的时间状语for+时间段，since+时间点for+时间段，since+时间点by the endof…by the endof…二、基本时态演练1.Science still a cure for cancer.a.doesn’t find c.hasn’t foundb.haven’t found d.aren’t finding2.While he a route to the Indies, Columbusdiscovered America.a.searched c.had searched forb.was discovering d.was searching for3.Existing reserves of fossil fuel by 2045.a.have been run out c.is going to be run outb.will have run out d.have run out4.Only by investing heavily in value-added exportsfrom the present trade imbalance.a.the country canemergec.can the country emergeb.the country mightemerged.the country emerged5.Until the 16th century the earth to be flat.a.is believed c.believedb.has been believed d.was believed6.If the temperature of the reactor 500C highermeltdown would have occurred.a.was c.was beingb.had been d.had7.The lecturer said ‘It’s time you theliterature review.’a.began c.should beginb.begin d.are beginning8.After your results you should make anappointment with your tutor.a.youreceivingc.you have receivedb.you wouldhavereceivedd.you received9.You the experiment twice, not once.a.should havecarried outc.haven’t carried outb.shouldn’thave carriedout d.couldn’t have carriedout10.The scientists were prohibited the dangerzone.a.to enter c.enterb.entering d.from entering三、时态改错1. People should act according to what they are believing.2. In general, I think our government spent too much money on space travel.3. These days, more and more people traveling to very distant places for their holidays.4. I am hoping it is not too late to save the environment.5. The female hen laying on average 5 or 6 eggs per week.6. Younger drivers is more likely to be involved in a car accident.7. Most doctors are agreeing that the only way to lose weight is by doing more exercise.第二讲 语态一、被动语态的形式一般进行完成现在主am/is/are+ v-ed…主am/is/are being+v-ed…主 has/have been+v-ed …过去主 was/were+v-ed…主was/were being+v-ed…主had been +v-ed…将来主 will be+v-ed…×主 will have been+v-ed…将来完成主 would be+v-ed…×主 would have been+v-ed…情态动词主can/could/may/might/shall/should/will/would/must/have to/ought to + be + v-ed…不定式…to be +v-ed…; to have been +v-ed二、被动语态使用情景（一）一般说来，当强调动作承受者，不必说出执行者或含糊不清的执行者时，多用被动式1. I agree with the statement that there should be no government restriction on creative artists who express themselves in the way they do and that they must be given freedom for the same. (IELTS 4, Band 7, p167)2. There is almost everything good in what is given to us through the media world which is made up of artists. (同上)3. In conclusion, I strongly agree with that children should be taught to cooperate rather than compete. (IELTS 5, Band 6, p167)4. It was opened in the year 1863, and it is already 140 years old. (IELTS 5, Band 7, p168)（二）在描述事件和客观事实的时候，被动语态用得更多1. The use of electricity in England is indispensed with. (IELTS 4, Band 6, p164)2. Demand for electricity in England during typical days in winter and summer is illustrated in the graph. (同上)3. The use of average English home is shown in the pie chart. (同上)（三）主语是泛指很多人或者大部分人这个方面1. A more dramatic rise is predicted between 2030 and 2040 inJapan, by which it is thought that the proportion of elderly people will be similar in the three countries. (IELTS 5, model answer, p162)2. It can be argued that…It is advised/believed/universally accepted/generally recognized that…It is said/reported/estimated that…（四）当上下文已经说明了动作执行者时：A law was introduced to help protect people in this situation.（五）动作的执行者并不重要时：In the factory, the shoes are cleaned and packed into boxes ready for sale.（六）需要体现动作的执行者时，加by-短语：A lot of waste materials could be recycled by large manufacturers.三、改写1. To enrich vocabulary, we should read more authentic materials.可以改为：2. I am not sure whether all the college graduates can find jobs after graduation.可以改为：4. 用适当的动词形式完成下列句子：（1）My home _____________ (locate) in the western part of the city.（2）These funds can _____________ (give) to the poorer people to help them.（3）We _____________ (not tell) that the rules had changed.（4）Children need to _____________ (teach) the correct way to behave in public.5. 句子改错：（1）The house was sell for over a million dollars.（2）The class has allowed to eat in the staff dining room during the renovations.（3）The potatoes carry along a conveyor belt to a room where they wash and peel.（4）The teacher told to take her class out of the school if the fire bell rang.（5）Smoking don’t allow in any part of the aeroplane.（6）The museum was being renovating when we were there, so we could not visit it.（7）Bus tickets can buy at any newsagents.（8）New employees have instructed not to operate the photocopier until they are trained.6. 把下面的句子改成被动语态，并决定是否需要带by-短语（1）A factory worker checks each box for quality.（2）The government does not permit children under 16 to work.（3）The washing machine is washing your clothes at the moment.（4）A mechanic will repair your car this afternoon.（5）The agent has sold our house at last.（6）Something tore the back of my coat.（7）The employer pay off the staff more for working at the weekend.（8）Burning tires give off highly toxic chemicals.第三讲 虚拟语气请欣赏下列一首诗歌：If you were a teardrop in my eye,For fear of losing you, I would never cry.And if the golden sun should cease to shine its light,Just one smile from you would make my whole world bright.一、虚拟语气基本句型虚拟时间if 从句谓语形式主句谓语形式与现在事实相反did/ were would (should, could, might) do与过去事实相反had done/ hadbeenwould (should, could, might)have done/ been与将来事实相反did/wereto/should + dowould (should, could, might) do1. 与现在事实相反(1) If she were sick, she could stay at home and have a rest today.(2) If you watched more and talked less, we would both enjoy our film.2. 与过去事实相反(1) If they had studied earlier, they would have passed the IELTS.(2) Helen would have graduated with her class if she had been able to meet all the requirements in time.3. 与将来事实相反(1) If it snowed tomorrow, I would go skiing.(2) If it should snow tomorrow, I would go to make a snowman in front of our dormitory.(3) If you were to see your tutor, what would you tell him? 4．错综的虚拟语气(1) If I were you, I wouldn’t have told that to her. （时间错综：从句现在，主句过去）(2) Had I taken my umbrella with me in the morning, I should not be wet now. (时间错综：从句过去，主句现在)5．虚拟语气的倒装可以把条件句中的 if 省略掉，同时把 should, were, had 等助动词提前，构成倒装句。

A 从句改错1, It is you which decides your future.2, I don’t believe what our future has already been decided.3, Expensive restaurants do not let in people who clothing is untidy.4, We should decide now that we can do for the next generation.5, A number of people make online communities which they can make friends.6, The government should help people who cannot take care of themselves.7, I would like to build a small house that I can live with my family.8, You should follow your own rules what guide your behavior.9, Scientists wonder why we will have another ice age in the future or not.10, Some people do not realize how much we rely on natural resources.11, Who are confident in their knowledge do not hesitate to speak in public.12, Th ere is no room for doubt that modern technology has increased people’s quality of life.B 条件状语从句1，如果水在100度沸腾，它就转化成蒸汽。

雅思基础语法练习1.Science still a cure for cancer.a .doesn’t find c.hasn’t foundb .haven’t found d.aren’t finding2.While he a route to the Indies, Columbus discoveredAmerica.a .searched c.had searched forb .was discovering d.was searching for3.Existing reserves of fossil fuel by 2045.a .have been run out c.is going to be run outb .will have run out d.have run out4.If logging of tropical rainforests continues at the present rate,a 30 per cent increase in atmospheric CO2 by the year 2000.a .there will be c.there would beb .there might have been d.there could not have been5.Only by investing heavily in value-added exportsfrom the present trade imbalance.a .the country can emerge c.can the country emergeb .the country mightemerged.the country emerged6.The mystery of the double helix , the scope for geneticengineering dramatically increased.a having solved c solving..b .having been solved d.solved7.Since the mid-’60s considerable research in embryotransplants .a .has carried out c.has been carried outb .was done d.was carried out8.several hypotheses have been advanced for thedisappearance of the dinosaur, no conclusive evidence supports any of them.a .despite c.althoughb .in spite of d.in spite of the fact9.Until the 16th century the earth to be flat.a .is believed c.believedb .has been believed d.was believed1 0.If the temperature of the reactor 500C higher meltdown would have occurred.a.was c.was beingb.had been d.had1 1.adequate precautions are take, there is no risk involved in the operation.a.Although c.Neverthelessb .Providing d.Even12.My supervisor advised me to the problem.a .look ahead c.look out ofb .look down d.look into13.The more acid you add to the solution, it becomes.a .cloudier c.the cloudiestb .the cloudier d.more cloudy1 4.The lecturer said ‘It’s time you the literature review.’a.began c.should beginb.begin d.are beginning1 5.After studying our experimental results, the tutor suggested the experiment.a.us to repeat c.we repeatb.that we to repeat d.me to repeat1 6.After your results you should make an appointment with your tutor.a.you receiving c.you have receivedb.you would have received d.you received17.You the experiment twice, not once.a .should have carried out c.haven’t carried outb .shouldn’t have carriedoutd.couldn’t have carried out18.It looks you’ve made a mistake.a .as c.ifb .as though d.perhaps19.After receiving her results, the student stopped .a .to worry c.worryingb .having worried d.to be worried20.You include this section. It is not necessarya .must c.don’t needb .couldn’t d.don’t have to2 1.Unless an extension at least one week before the due date, it will not be given.a.you request c.you requestedb.you will request d.requesting2The assignment made me .2.a .to think hard c.think hardb .thinking hard d.thought hard23.The scientists were prohibited the danger zone.a .to enter c.enterb .entering d.from entering24.the right answer I would have got full marks.a .Had I known c.If I’ll knowb .if I would have known d.If I was knowing2 5.The results were convincing that we decided to publish them.a.so c.veryb.such d.so much26.way you do it, the answer is always the same.a .However c.Who everb .whichever d.Why ever2 7.producing methane, the process also produces carbon monoxide.a.Apart c.Besidesb .As well d.In addition2 8.The biologist admitted excessive numbers of animals in laboratory tests.a.using c.being usedb.to use d.used2 9.A whale is a mammal, it is warm-blooded and gives milk to its young.a.who c.which means thatb.which d.that3.He appears minor problems.a .to have had c.was havingb .having d.hadGrammar Practice Answer1.C11.B21.a2. d 12.D22.c3.B13.B23.d4.A14.A24.a5.C15.C25.a6.A16.C26.b7.C17.A27.c8.C18.B28.a9.D1C2c9. 9. 10. B 20. D 30.a。

小黑雅思基础语法练习及答案语法练习Complete the following sentences by circling the missing words.1. Science still a cure for cancer.a. doesn’t find c. hasn’t foundb. haven’t found d. aren’t finding2. While he a route to the Indies, Columbus discovered America.a. searched c. had searched forb. was discovering d. was searching for3. Existing reserves of fossil fuel by 2045.a. have been run out c. is going to be run outb. will have run out d. have run out4. If logging of tropical rainforests continues at the present rate, a 30 per cent increase inatmospheric CO2 by the year 2000.a. there will be c. there would beb. there might have been d. there could not have been5. Only by investing heavily in value-added exports from the present trade imbalance.a. the country can emerge c. can the country emergeb. the country might emerge d. the country emerged6. The mystery of the double helix , the scope for genetic engineering dramatically increased.a. having solved c. solvingb. having been solved d. solved7. Since the mid-’60s considerable research in embryo transplants .a. has carried out c. has been carried outb. was done d. was carried out8. several hypotheses have been advanced for the disappearance of the dinosaur, noconclusive evidence supports any of them.a. despite c. althoughb. in spite of d. in spite of the fact9. Until the 16th century the earth to be flat.a. is believed c. believedb. has been believed d. was believed10. If the temperature of the reactor 500C higher meltdown would have occurred.a. was c. was beingb. had been d. had11. adequate precautions are take, there is no risk involved in the operation.a. Although c. Neverthelessb. Providing d. Even12. My supervisor advised me to the problem.a. look ahead c. look out ofb. look down d. look into13. The more acid you add to the solution, it becomes.a. cloudier c. the cloudiestb. the cloudier d. more cloudy14. The lecturer said ‘It’s time you the literature review.’a. began c. should beginb. begin d. are beginning15. After studying our experimental results, the tutor suggested the experiment.a. us to repeat c. we repeatb. that we to repeat d. me to repeat16. After your results you should make an appointment with your tutor.a. you receiving c. you have receivedb. you would have received d. you received17. You the experiment twice, not once.a. should have carried out c. haven’t carried outb. shouldn’t have carried out d. couldn’t have carried out18. It looks you’ve made a mistake.a. as c. ifb. as though d. perhaps19. After receiving her results, the student stopped .a. to worry c. worryingb. having worried d. to be worried20. You include this section. It is not necessarya. must c. don’t needb. couldn’t d. don’t have to21. Unless an extension at least one week before the due date, it will not be given.a. you request c. you requestedb. you will request d. requesting22. The assignment made me .a. to think hard c. think hardb. thinking hard d. thought hard23. The scientists were prohibited the danger zone.a. to enter c. enterb. entering d. from entering24. the right answer I would have got full marks.a. Had I known c. If I’ll knowb. if I would have known d. If I was knowing25. The results were convincing that we decided to publish them.a. so c. veryb. such d. so much26. way you do it, the answer is always the same.a. However c. Who everb. whichever d. Why ever27. producing methane, the process also produces carbon monoxide.a. Apart c. Besidesb. As well d. In addition28. The biologist admitted excessive numbers of animals in laboratory tests.a. using c. being usedb. to use d. used29. A whale is a mammal, it is warm-blooded and gives milk to its young.a. who c. which means thatb. which d. that30. He appears minor problems.a. to have had c. was havingb. having d. hadGrammar Practice Answer1. C 11. B 21. a2. d 12. D 22. c3. B 13. B 23. d4. A 14. A 24. a5. C 15. C 25. a6. A 16. C 26. b7. C 17. A 27. c8. C 18. B 28. a9. D 19. C 29. c10. B 20. D 30. a小黑雅思培训已经推出：●雅思学员在线雅思口语学习平台；●在线雅思语法学习平台；●雅思阅读听力在线训练平台；●首家雅思视频网校；●《剑桥雅思八全真试题解析》在线预订和购买平台小黑雅思更多资料欢迎关注官方更新：电话：400-600-7921 （24小时客服）网站：博客：/eng86（全国公共雅思资料分享）微博：/liuzhiyun（小黑雅思学员全国服务平台，每日更新）信箱：*****************（小黑正式出版书籍答疑专用信箱）。

Lesson One ：名词、冠词和代词的用法第一部分：语法讲解一、名词用法讲解1.名词的数：英语中的名词可以分为可数名词(countable noun)和不可数名词（uncountable noun）。

如：“book, pen, cup”都是可数名词。

“furniture, milk, air”都是不可数。

在这里强调一点：英文中名词的可数和不可数是不能按照我们汉语的逻辑思维去理解的。

比如汉语中的“家具”，我们常说：一件家具。

但是英文中“furniture”是不可数的。

还需要注意的一点是，英语中有很多的名词既可以用作不可数名词也可以用作可数名词，只不过此时词义往往不同。

如：There is plenty of room for everyone to sit down in this room. 这房间有足够的空间让每个人坐下。

（第一个room作为空间是不可数的；第二个room作为房间是可数名词）b.以o结尾的名词，直接加-s,如：photo-photos, bamboo-bamboosc.以f 或者fe结尾，直接加-s,如：belief-beliefs, cliff-cliffs可数名词复数的不规则变化：1）变换元音或者加后缀如：tooth-teeth （牙齿）foot-feet （脚）mouse-mice （老鼠）woman-women（妇女）ox-oxen（公牛）child-children（孩子）2）单复同形如：cattle （牛）Chinese （中国人）sheeep （羊）reindeer （驯鹿）means （方法）3）外来语的复数形式拉丁语：datum-data （数据）medium-media（媒介）希腊语：crisis-crises（危机）phenomenon-phenomena（形象）不可数名词的数：不可数名词通常没有复数形式，但可以借助单位词来表示一定的数量。

如：a piece of paper一张纸 a slice of meat一片肉a fit of cough一阵咳嗽 a ripple of laughter一阵笑声2. 名词的所有格名词的所有格有两种形式：一是在名词后面加’s的形式，二是在介词of后加上名词的形式。

知识要点：英语语法专题一、冠词The Article冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。

冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article ）两种。

a (an) 是不定冠词， a 用在辅音之前：如 a book, a man; an 用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book 等。

the 是定冠词。

一、不定冠词的用法1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。

这是不定冠词 a (an)的基本用法。

如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple.2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。

如：He borrowed a story-book from the library.A Wang is looking for you. 一位姓王的同志正在找你。

3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one 强烈。

如：I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.4、用于某些固定词组中。

如：a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while,for a long time 等。

5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。

如：This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。

It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。

It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。

雅思基础+写作语法总结一．时态问题：四种时态：一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时，一般将来时打工对一个人的将来的事业有深远的影响。

（过去现在未来都有影响，客观，单数）Taking part-time jobs exerts profound impacts on one’s future career.国际旅游业促进经济发展。

（过去现在未来都促进，客观，单数）International tourism promotes the economic development.现在进行时：表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态。

现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是“现在”，表示逐渐的过程is developing rapidly/dramatically.现在完成时： 1.表示结果和影响，一般表示变化大，发展了。

2.表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在注意常用搭配：In recent years, In the past decades…最近几十年期间，世界发生了巨大的改变。

In the past decades, dramatic changes have taken place in the world.最近几年，科技极大的改变了人们的生活。

In recent years, technology has reshaped people’s life.犯罪率已经急剧上升了。

The crime rate has increased sharply.will do电脑将会在教育过程中起越来越关键的作用，但是它们绝对不能在教室中取代老师的地位。

Computers will play an increasingly critical role in education, but it is not possible that they could replace teachers in the classroom. /but it is impossible for them to replace teachers in the classroom.二．语态问题：常见被动语态结构：be done一般现在时Am, is, are done正在进行时Is being done现在完成时Have/has been done一般将来时Will be done应该把优先权给教育Priorities should be given to education.很多动物的栖息地正在被破坏Many habitants of animals are being destroyed书信已经逐渐被先进的科技所代替Letters have been replaced by advanced technology gradually.三．简单句：1）简单句：主流句型，主要结构会使用就可以了。