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The international Classification of Headache disorders, 3rd Editon2.1.2 Infrequent episodic tension-type headache not associated with pericranial tenderness2.2.1 Frequent episodic tension-type headache associated with pericranial tenderness2.2.2 Frequent episodic tension-type headache not associated with pericranial tenderness2.3.2 Chronic tension-type headache not associated with pericranial tenderness3.3.1 Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) 3.3.1.1 Episodic SUNCT3.3.1.2 Chronic SUNCT3.3.2 Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with cranial autonomic symptoms (SUNA)3.3.2.1 Episodic SUNA3.3.2.2 Chronic SUNA3.4 Hemicrania continua3.5 Probable trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia3.5.1 Probable cluster headache3.5.2 Probable paroxysmal hemicrania3.5.3 Probable short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks3.5.4 Probable hemicrania continua4.其它的原发性头痛Other primary headache disorders ）4.1 Primary cough headache原发性咳嗽头痛4.1.1 Probable primary cough headache4.2 Primary exercise headache原发性运动性头痛4.2.1 Probable primary exercise headache4.3 Primary headache associated with sexual activity原发性性活动伴随的头痛4.3.1 Probable primary headache associated with sexual activity4.4 Primary thunderclap headache原发性霹雳头痛4.5 Cold-stimulus headache冷刺激性头痛4.5.1 Headache attributed to external application of a cold stimulus4.5.2 Headache attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus4.5.3 Probable cold-stimulus headache4.5.3.1 Headache probably attributed to external application of a cold stimulus4.5.3.2 Headache probably attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus则可两者均可作为诊断4.10 New daily persistent headache (NDPH) 新症每日持续性头痛4.10.1 Probable new daily persistent headach二、继发性头痛（the secondary headaches）5.缘于头、颈部外伤的头痛（Headache attributed to trauma or injury to the head and/or neck）5.1 Acute headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head5.1.1 Acute headache attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury to the head5.1.2 Acute headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head5.2 Persistent headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head5.2.1 Persistent headache attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury to the head5.2.2 Persistent headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head5.3 Acute headache attributed to whiplash5.4 Persistent headache attributed to whiplash5.5 Acute headache attributed to craniotomy5.6 Persistent headache attributed to craniotomy6.缘于头颈部血管疾病的头痛（Headache attributed to cranial or cervical vascular disorder ）6.1 Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack6.1.1 Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke (cerebral infarction)6.1.2 Headache attributed to transient ischaemic attack (TIA)6.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage6.2.1 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage非外伤性脑出血6.2.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH)6.2.3 Headache attributed to non-traumatic acute subdural haemorrhage (ASDH)急性硬膜下血肿6.3 Headache attributed to unruptured vascular malformation未破裂的血管畸形6.3.1 Headache attributed to unruptured saccular aneurysm囊性动脉瘤6.3.2 Headache attributed to arteriovenous malformation (AVM) 动静脉畸形6.3.3 Headache attributed to dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) 硬膜动静脉瘘6.3.4 Headache attributed to cavernous angioma 海绵窦血管瘤6.3.5 Headache attributed to encephalotrigeminal or leptomeningeal angiomatosis (Sturge Weber syndrome)脑三叉神经或软脑膜血管瘤病6.4 Headache attributed to arteritis6.4.1 Headache attributed to giant cell arteritis (GCA) 颞动脉炎6.4.2 Headache attributed to primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS)6.4.3 Headache attributed to secondary angiitis of the central nervous system (SACNS)6.7.1 Headache attributed to an intracranial endovascular procedure6.7.2 Angiography headache6.7.3 Headache attributed to reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS)6.7.3.1 Headache probably attributed to reversible cerebral vasoconstrictionsyndrome (RCVS)6.7.4 Headache attributed to intracranial arterial dissection颅内动脉夹层6.8 Headache attributed to genetic vasculopathy6.8.1 Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL)6.8.2 Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis and Stroke-like episodes (MELAS)6.8.3 Headache attributed to another genetic vasculopathy6.9 Headache attributed to pituitary apoplexy垂体卒中7.缘于非血管性颅内疾病的头痛（Headache attributed to non-vascular intracranial disorder ）7.1 Headache attributed to increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure颅内压增高7.1.1 Headache attributed to idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH)7.1.2 Headache attributed to intracranial hypertension secondary to metabolic, toxic or hormonal causes7.1.3 Headache attributed to intracranial hypertension secondary to hydrocephalus7.2 Headache attributed to low cerebrospinal fluid pressure颅内压低下7.2.1 Post-dural puncture headache腰穿后7.2.2 CSF fistula headache脑脊液漏7.2.3 Headache attributed to spontaneous intracranial hypotension自发性低颅压7.3 Headache attributed to non-infectious inflammatory disease非感染性炎性疾病7.3.1 Headache attributed to neurosarcoidosis7.3.2 Headache attributed to aseptic (non-infectious) meningitis7.3.3 Headache attributed to other non-infectious inflammatory disease7.3.4 Headache attributed to lymphocytic hypophysitis7.3.5 Syndrome of transient Headache and Neurological Deficits with cerebrospinal fluid Lymphocytosis (HaNDL)7.4 Headache attributed to intracranial neoplasia颅内新生物7.4.1 Headache attributed to intracranial neoplasm7.4.1.1 Headache attributed to colloid cyst of the third ventricle7.4.2 Headache attributed to carcinomatous meningitis癌性脑膜炎7.4.3 Headache attributed to hypothalamic or pituitary hyper- or hyposecretion7.5 Headache attributed to intrathecal injection鞘内注射7.6 Headache attributed to epileptic seizure7.6.1 Hemicrania epileptica癫痫半颅痛7.6.2 Post-ictal headache癫痫发作后头痛7.7 Headache attributed to Chiari malformation type I (CM1)7.8 Headache attributed to other non-vascular intracranial disorder8.缘于物质或物质戒断的头痛（Headache attributed to a substance or its withdrawal）8.1 Headache attributed to use of or exposure to a substance or its withdrawal缘于某种物质的应用或戒断8.1.1.2 Delayed NO donor-induced headache8.1.2 Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor-induced headache磷酸二酯酶抑制剂8.1.3 Carbon monoxide (CO)-induced headache一氧化碳诱发8.1.4 Alcohol-induced headache酒精诱发8.1.4.1 Immediate alcohol-induced headache8.1.4.2 Delayed alcohol-induced headache8.1.5 Headache induced by food and/or additive由于食物成分/添加剂诱发8.1.5.1 Monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced headache谷氨酸单钠盐（味精）8.1.6 Cocaine-induced headache可卡因诱发8.1.7 Histamine-induced headache组织胺诱发8.1.7.1 Immediate histamine-induced headache8.1.7.2 Delayed histamine-induced headache8.1.8 Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-induced headache降钙素基因相关多肽诱发8.1.8.1 Immediate CGRP-induced headache8.1.8.2 Delayed CGRP-induced headache8.1.9 Headache attributed to exogenous acute pressor agent8.1.10 Headache attributed to occasional use of non-headache medication8.1.11 Headache attributed to long-term use of non-headache medication8.1.12 Headache attributed to exogenous hormone8.1.13 Headache attributed to use of or exposure to other substance8.2.4 Opioid-overuse headache鸦片类8.2.5 Combination-analgesic-overuse headache复合制剂过度应用8.2.6 Medication-overuse headache attributed to multiple drug classes not individually over used联合用药所致8.2.7 Medication-overuse headache attributed to unverified overuse of multiple drug classes8.2.8 Medication-overuse headache attributed to other medication8.3 Headache attributed to substance withdrawal物质戒断8.3.1 Caffeine-withdrawal headache咖啡因8.3.2 Opioid-withdrawal headache鸦片类8.3.3 Oestrogen-withdrawal headache雌激素8.3.4 Headache attributed to withdrawal from chronic use of other substance9.缘于感染的头痛（Headache attributed to infection）9.1 Headache attributed to intracranial infection颅内感染9.1.1 Headache attributed to bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis细菌性脑膜炎/脑膜脑炎9.1.1.1 Acute headache attributed to bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis9.1.1.2 Chronic headache attributed to bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis9.1.1.3 Persistent headache attributed to past bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis9.1.2 Headache attributed to viral meningitis or encephalitis病毒性脑膜炎或脑炎9.1.2.1 Headache attributed to viral meningitis9.1.2.2 Headache attributed to viral encephalitis9.1.3 Headache attributed to intracranial fungal or other parasitic infection真菌或寄生虫感染9.1.3.1 Acute headache attributed to intracranial fungal or other parasitic infection9.1.3.2 Chronic headache attributed to intracranial fungal or other parasitic infection9.1.4 Headache attributed to brain abscess脑脓肿9.1.5 Headache attributed to subdural empyema硬膜下积脓9.2 Headache attributed to systemic infection系统感染9.2.1 Headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection系统细菌感染9.2.1.1 Acute headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection9.2.1.2 Chronic headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection9.2.2 Headache attributed to systemic viral infection系统病毒感染9.2.2.1 Acute headache attributed to systemic viral infection9.2.2.2 Chronic headache attributed to systemic viral infection9.2.3 Headache attributed to other systemic infection其他系统感染9.2.3.1 Acute headache attributed to other systemic infection9.2.3.2 Chronic headache attributed to other systemic infection10.缘于内环境紊乱的头痛（Headache attributed to disorder of homoeostasis）10.1 Headache attributed to hypoxia and/or hypercapnia缺氧和/或高碳酸血症10.1.1 High-altitude headache高海拔头痛10.1.2 Headache attributed to aeroplane travel飞行头痛10.1.3 Diving headache潜水头痛10.1.4 Sleep apnoea headache睡眠呼吸暂停性头痛10.2 Dialysis headache10.3 Headache attributed to arterial hypertension高血压性头痛10.3.1 Headache attributed to phaeochromocytoma嗜络细胞瘤10.3.2 Headache attributed to hypertensive crisis without hypertensive encephalopathy无高血压脑病的高血压危象10.3.3 Headache attributed to hypertensive encephalopathy高血压脑病10.3.4 Headache attributed to pre-eclampsia or eclampsia先兆子痫10.3.5 Headache attributed to autonomic dysreflexia自主反射障碍10.4 Headache attributed to hypothyroidism甲状腺低下10.5 Headache attributed to fasting禁食10.6 Cardiac cephalalgia心源性头痛10.7 Headache attributed to other disorder of homoeostasis其他内环境稳定失调疾患11.缘于头、颈、眼、耳、鼻、鼻窦、牙、口或其他头面部结构病变的头面痛（Headache or facial pain attributed to disorder of the cranium, neck,eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cervical structure ）11.1 Headache attributed to disorder of cranial bone颅骨11.2 Headache attributed to disorder of the neck 颈部11.2.1 Cervicogenic headache11.2.2 Headache attributed to retropharyngeal tendonitis11.2.3 Headache attributed to craniocervical dystonia11.3 Headache attributed to disorder of the eyes眼睛11.3.1 Headache attributed to acute glaucoma急性青光眼11.3.2 Headache attributed to refractive error屈光不正11.3.3 Headache attributed to heterophoria or heterotropia (latent or persistent squint)斜视11.3.4 Headache attributed to ocular inflammatory disorder11.3.5 Headache attributed to trochleitis11.4 Headache attributed to disorder of the ears耳朵11.5 Headache attributed to disorder of the nose or paranasal sinuses鼻子或鼻窦11.5.1 Headache attributed to acute rhinosinusitis急性鼻窦炎11.5.2 Headache attributed to chronic or recurring rhinosinusitis11.6 Headache attributed to disorder of the teeth or jaw11.7 Headache attributed to temporomandibular disorder (TMD)11.8 Head or facial pain attributed to inflammation of the stylohyoid ligament11.9 Headache or facial pain attributed to other disorder of cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose,sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cervical structure12.缘于精神疾病的头痛（Headache attributed to psychiatric disorder）12.1 Headache attributed to somatization disorder躯体化障碍12.2 Headache attributed to psychotic disorder精神疾病三、脑神经痛、中枢和原发性颜面痛及其他头痛（painful cranial neuropathies, other facial pains and other headaches）13.脑神经痛和中枢性颜面痛（Painful cranial neuropathies and other facial pains）13.1 Trigeminal neuralgia三叉神经痛13.1.1 Classical trigeminal neuralgia13.1.1.1 Classical trigeminal neuralgia, purely paroxysmal13.1.1.2 Classical trigeminal neuralgia with concomitant persistent facial pain13.1.2 Painful trigeminal neuropathy13.1.2.1 Painful trigeminal neuropathy attributed to acute Herpes zoster13.1.2.2 Post-herpetic trigeminal neuropathy13.1.2.3 Painful post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathy13.1.2.4 Painful trigeminal neuropathy attributed to multiple sclerosis (MS) plaque13.1.2.5 Painful trigeminal neuropathy attributed to space-occupying lesion13.1.2.6 Painful trigeminal neuropathy attributed to other disorder13.2 Glossopharyngeal neuralgia舌咽神经痛13.3 Nervus intermedius (facial nerve) neuralgia中间神经痛（面神经痛）13.3.1 Classical nervus intermedius neuralgia13.6 Headache attributed to ischaemic ocular motor nerve palsy缺血性眼神经麻痹13.7 Tolosa-Hunt syndrome13.8 Paratrigeminal oculosympathetic (Raeder’s) syndrome13.9 Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy复发性痛性眼肌麻痹13.10 Burning mouth syndrome (BMS)13.11 Persistent idiopathic facial pain (PIFP)13.12 Central neuropathic pain中枢神经痛13.12.1 Central neuropathic pain attributed to multiple sclerosis (MS)13.12.2 Central post-stroke pain (CPSP)14. 其他头痛（Other headache disorders）。
The international Classification of Headache disorders, 3rd Editon头痛分类的国际标准(ICHD-III)概述：头痛分为三大组：原发性头痛；继发性头痛；脑神经痛、中枢和原发性颜面痛及其他头痛。
每一种原发性头痛均视为一种独立的疾病；继发性头痛一般只是某种疾病的一种症状，该头痛称为“缘于”此种疾病的头痛。
三大组头痛共分为14类： 一、原发性头痛（the primary headaches ） 1.偏头痛（Migraine ） 1.1 Migraine without aura 无先兆偏头痛 1.2 Migraine with aura 有先兆偏头痛 1.2.1 Migraine with typical aura 1.2.1.1 Typical aura with headache 1.2.1.2 Typical aura without headache 1.2.2 Migraine with brainstem aura 1.2.3 Hemiplegic migraine 偏瘫型偏头痛1.2.3.1 Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM)—家族性 1.2.3.1.1 Familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 (FHM1) 1.2.3.1.2 Familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2) 1.2.3.1.3 Familial hemiplegic migraine type 3 (FHM3) 1.2.3.1.4 Familial hemiplegic migraine, other loci 1.2.3.2 Sporadic hemiplegic migraine —散发性 1.2.4 Retinal migraine 1.3 Chronic migraine 慢性偏头痛1.4 Complications of migraine 偏头痛并发症1.4.1 Status migrainosus 偏头痛持续状态 1.4.2 Persistent aura without infarction 1.4.3 Migrainous infarction 偏头痛脑梗死 1.4.4 Migraine aura-triggered seizure 1.5 Probable migraine 很可能的偏头痛 1.5.1 Probable migraine without aura1.5.2 Probable migraine with aura 1.6 Episodic syndromes that may be associated with migraine 可能与偏头痛有关的发作性综合征1.6.1 Recurrent gastrointestinal disturbance1.6.1.1Cyclical vomiting syndrome 周期性呕吐 1.6.1.2 Abdominal migraine 腹型偏头痛1.6.2 Benign paroxysmal vertigo 良性发作性眩晕1.6.3 Benign paroxysmal torticollis 良性发作性斜颈2.紧张型头痛（Tension-type headache ）每次发作持续30min-7d ，慢性者可持续不缓解2.1 Infrequent episodic tension-type headache 偶发性 <1d/月，至少10次以上（<12d/年）2.1.1 Infrequent episodic tension-type headache associated with pericranial tenderness无先兆偏头痛的诊断标准：A ：符合B-D 特征，至少发作5次发作B ：头痛（未经治疗）发作持续4-72小时C ：至少有以下特征中的2项单侧性、搏动性、中重度痛、日常活动会加重D ：至少以下一项伴随症状：恶心和/或呕吐、畏光和畏声E ：不能归因于其他 先兆性偏头痛的诊断标准：A ：符合B-C 特征，至少发作2次发作B ：完全可逆以下症状的1项或多项✓ 视觉、感觉、语言障碍（典型先兆）✓ 肢体无力症状（偏瘫型偏头痛）✓ 脑干症状（基底型偏头痛）视网膜症状（视网膜型偏头痛）C ：至少有以下特征中的2项 ✓ 至少1个先兆逐渐发展的过程>5min ，和/或 不同先兆接连发生过程>5min ✓ 每个先兆症状持续时间5-60min✓ 至少一个先兆症状为单侧性✓ 先兆发生同时或之后内60min 出现符合偏头痛 D ：不能归因于其他 肢体无力症状可以持续至72h ，部分患者肢体无力感可持续数周； 若患者先兆持续1周以上，称为无梗死的持续先兆一般先兆症状多为双侧，可持续数月或数年 若先兆持续60min 至1周以内，则称为propablemigraine with aura若出现影像学梗死灶，则称为偏头痛性脑梗死 （年轻女性，后循环比较常见） 慢性偏头痛：偏头痛发作每月>15天，连续3个月以上 偏头痛持续状态：单次发作持续72小时以上4.5 Cold-stimulus headache 冷刺激性头痛 4.5.1 Headache attributed to external application of a cold stimulus4.5.2 Headache attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus 4.5.3 Probable cold-stimulus headache4.5.3.1 Headache probably attributed to external application of a cold stimulus4.5.3.2 Headache probably attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus 4.6 External-pressure headache 4.6.1 External-compression headache 4.6.2 External-traction headache 4.6.3 Probable external-pressure headache4.6.3.1 Probable external-compression headache 4.6.3.2 Probable external-traction headache 4.7 Primary stabbing headache4.7.1 Probable primary stabbing headache4.8 Nummular headache4.8.1 Probable nummular headache4.9 Hypnic headache4.9.1 Probable hypnic headache4.10 New daily persistent headache (NDPH) 新症每日持续性头痛4.10.1 Probable new daily persistent headach 二、继发性头痛（the secondary headaches ）5.缘于头、颈部外伤的头痛（Headache attributed to trauma or injury to the head and/or neck ）5.1 Acute headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head5.1.1 Acute headache attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury to the head5.1.2 Acute headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head5.2 Persistent headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head5.2.1 Persistent headache attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury to the head5.2.2 Persistent headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head5.3 Acute headache attributed to whiplash5.4 Persistent headache attributed to whiplash5.5 Acute headache attributed to craniotomy5.6 Persistent headache attributed to craniotomy6.缘于头颈部血管疾病的头痛（Headache attributed to cranial or cervical vascular disorder ）6.1 Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack6.1.1 Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke (cerebral infarction)6.1.2 Headache attributed to transient ischaemic attack (TIA)6.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage6.2.1 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage 非外伤性脑出血6.2.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH)6.2.3 Headache attributed to non-traumatic acute subdural haemorrhage (ASDH)急性硬膜下血肿NDPH 诊断标准： A ：持续性头痛，符合B-C 的标准B ：Distinct and clearly remembered onset, with pain becomingcontinuous and unremitting within 24 hours C ：Present for>3 monthsD ：除外其他疾患 慢性头痛，起病急，可清晰回忆发病时间为哪一天 疼痛缺乏特点，可以为偏头痛，可以为紧张性，亦可两者混合 若患者符合慢性偏头痛或慢性紧张型头痛的标准，则不诊断NDPH 若患者为药物过度使用性头痛，且符合NDPH 的标准， 则可两者均可作为诊断6.3 Headache attributed to unruptured vascular malformation 未破裂的血管畸形6.3.1 Headache attributed to unruptured saccular aneurysm囊性动脉瘤6.3.2 Headache attributed to arteriovenous malformation (AVM) 动静脉畸形6.3.3 Headache attributed to dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) 硬膜动静脉瘘6.3.4 Headache attributed to cavernous angioma 海绵窦血管瘤6.3.5 Headache attributed to encephalotrigeminal or leptomeningeal angiomatosis (Sturge Weber syndrome) 脑三叉神经或软脑膜血管瘤病6.4 Headache attributed to arteritis6.4.1 Headache attributed to giant cell arteritis (GCA) 颞动脉炎6.4.2 Headache attributed to primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS)6.4.3 Headache attributed to secondary angiitis of the central nervous system (SACNS)颞动脉炎诊断标准：美国风湿学会1990年1. 50岁以上发病：50岁以上发现症状2．新发的头痛：出现新发的局限性头痛3．颞动脉异常：颞动脉压痛或者与颈动脉的动脉硬化无关的搏动减弱4．血沉值升高：50mm/h以上5．动脉活检异常：单核细胞为主的细胞浸润或者伴多核巨细胞的肉芽肿出现为特征的血管炎证据5项中如满足3项以上，敏感度93．5％。
The international Classification of Headache disorders, 3rd Editon 头痛分类的国际标准(ICHD-III)概述：头痛分为三大组：原发性头痛；继发性头痛；脑神经痛、中枢和原发性颜面痛及其他头痛。
每一种原发性头痛均视为一种独立的疾病；继发性头痛一般只是某种疾病的一种症状，该头痛称为“缘于”此种疾病的头痛。
三大组头痛共分为14类： 一、原发性头痛（the primary headaches ） 1.偏头痛（Migraine ） 1.1 Migraine without aura 无先兆偏头痛 1.2 Migraine with aura 有先兆偏头痛 1.2.1 Migraine with typical aura1.2.1.1 Typical aura with headache 1.2.1.2 Typical aura without headache 1.2.2 Migraine with brainstem aura 1.2.3 Hemiplegic migraine 偏瘫型偏头痛1.2.3.1 Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM)—家族性 1.2.3.1.1 Familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 (FHM1)1.2.3.1.2 Familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2)1.2.3.1.3 Familial hemiplegic migraine type 3 (FHM3) 1.2.3.1.4 Familial hemiplegic migraine, other loci 1.2.3.2 Sporadic hemiplegic migraine —散发性 1.2.4 Retinal migraine 1.3 Chronic migraine 慢性偏头痛1.4 Complications of migraine 偏头痛并发症1.4.1 Status migrainosus 偏头痛持续状态 1.4.2 Persistent aura without infarction 1.4.3 Migrainous infarction 偏头痛脑梗死 1.4.4 Migraine aura-triggered seizure 1.5 Probable migraine 很可能的偏头痛 1.5.1 Probable migraine without aura1.5.2 Probable migraine with aura 1.6 Episodic syndromes that may be associated with migraine 可能与偏头痛有关的发作性综合征1.6.1 Recurrent gastrointestinal disturbance1.6.1.1Cyclical vomiting syndrome 周期性呕吐 1.6.1.2 Abdominal migraine 腹型偏头痛1.6.2 Benign paroxysmal vertigo 良性发作性眩晕1.6.3 Benign paroxysmal torticollis 良性发作性斜颈2.紧张型头痛（Tension-type headache ）每次发作持续30min-7d ，慢性者可持续不缓解2.1 Infrequent episodic tension-type headache 偶发性 <1d/月，至少10次以上（<12d/年）2.1.1 Infrequent episodic tension-type headache associated with pericranial tenderness无先兆偏头痛的诊断标准：A ：符合B-D 特征，至少发作5次发作B ：头痛（未经治疗）发作持续4-72小时C ：至少有以下特征中的2项单侧性、搏动性、中重度痛、日常活动会加重D ：至少以下一项伴随症状：恶心和/或呕吐、畏光和畏声E ：不能归因于其他 先兆性偏头痛的诊断标准：A ：符合B-C 特征，至少发作2次发作B ：完全可逆以下症状的1项或多项✓ 视觉、感觉、语言障碍（典型先兆）✓ 肢体无力症状（偏瘫型偏头痛）✓ 脑干症状（基底型偏头痛） 视网膜症状（视网膜型偏头痛） C ：至少有以下特征中的2项 ✓ 至少1个先兆逐渐发展的过程>5min ，和/或 不同先兆接连发生过程>5min ✓ 每个先兆症状持续时间5-60min✓ 至少一个先兆症状为单侧性✓ 先兆发生同时或之后内60min 出现符合偏头痛 D ：不能归因于其他 肢体无力症状可以持续至72h ，部分患者肢体无力感可持续数周； 若患者先兆持续1周以上，称为无梗死的持续先兆一般先兆症状多为双侧，可持续数月或数年若先兆持续60min 至1周以内，则称为propablemigraine with aura若出现影像学梗死灶，则称为偏头痛性脑梗死 （年轻女性，后循环比较常见） 慢性偏头痛：偏头痛发作每月>15天，连续3个月以上偏头痛持续状态：单次发作持续72小时以上4.3.1 Probable primary headache associated with sexual activity 4.4 Primary thunderclap headache 原发性霹雳头痛 4.5 Cold-stimulus headache 冷刺激性头痛 4.5.1 Headache attributed to external application of a cold stimulus4.5.2 Headache attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus4.5.3 Probable cold-stimulus headache 4.5.3.1 Headache probably attributed to external application of a cold stimulus4.5.3.2 Headache probably attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus4.6 External-pressure headache 4.6.1 External-compression headache 4.6.2 External-traction headache 4.6.3 Probable external-pressure headache4.6.3.1 Probable external-compression headache4.6.3.2 Probable external-traction headache 4.7 Primary stabbing headache 4.7.1 Probable primary stabbing headache 4.8 Nummular headache 4.8.1 Probable nummular headache4.9 Hypnic headache4.9.1 Probable hypnic headache4.10 New daily persistent headache (NDPH) 新症每日持续性头痛4.10.1 Probable new daily persistent headach 二、继发性头痛（the secondary headaches ）5.缘于头、颈部外伤的头痛（Headache attributed to trauma or injury to the head and/or neck ）5.1 Acute headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head5.1.1 Acute headache attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury to the head5.1.2 Acute headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head5.2 Persistent headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head5.2.1 Persistent headache attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury to the head5.2.2 Persistent headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head5.3 Acute headache attributed to whiplash5.4 Persistent headache attributed to whiplash5.5 Acute headache attributed to craniotomy5.6 Persistent headache attributed to craniotomy6.缘于头颈部血管疾病的头痛（Headache attributed to cranial or cervical vascular disorder ）6.1 Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack6.1.1 Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke (cerebral infarction)6.1.2 Headache attributed to transient ischaemic attack (TIA)6.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage6.2.1 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage 非外伤性脑出血6.2.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH)NDPH 诊断标准：A ：持续性头痛，符合B-C 的标准B ：Distinct and clearly remembered onset, with pain becomingcontinuous and unremitting within 24 hours C ：Present for>3 months D ：除外其他疾患慢性头痛，起病急，可清晰回忆发病时间为哪一天 疼痛缺乏特点，可以为偏头痛，可以为紧张性，亦可两者混合若患者符合慢性偏头痛或慢性紧张型头痛的标准，则不诊断NDPH 若患者为药物过度使用性头痛，且符合NDPH 的标准， 则可两者均可作为诊断6.2.3 Headache attributed to non-traumatic acute subdural haemorrhage (ASDH)急性硬膜下血肿6.3 Headache attributed to unruptured vascular malformation未破裂的血管畸形6.3.1 Headache attributed to unruptured saccular aneurysm囊性动脉瘤6.3.2 Headache attributed to arteriovenous malformation (AVM) 动静脉畸形6.3.3 Headache attributed to dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) 硬膜动静脉瘘6.3.4 Headache attributed to cavernous angioma 海绵窦血管瘤6.3.5 Headache attributed to encephalotrigeminal or leptomeningeal angiomatosis (Sturge Weber syndrome)脑三叉神经或软脑膜血管瘤病6.4 Headache attributed to arteritis6.4.1 Headache attributed to giant cell arteritis (GCA) 颞动脉炎6.4.2 Headache attributed to primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS)6.4.3 Headache attributed to secondary angiitis of the central nervous system (SACNS)颞动脉炎诊断标准：美国风湿学会1990年1. 50岁以上发病：50岁以上发现症状2．新发的头痛：出现新发的局限性头痛3．颞动脉异常：颞动脉压痛或者与颈动脉的动脉硬化无关的搏动减弱4．血沉值升高：50mm/h以上5．动脉活检异常：单核细胞为主的细胞浸润或者伴多核巨细胞的肉芽肿出现为特征的血管炎证据5项中如满足3项以上，敏感度93．5％。
头痛是临床医生最常遇到的主诉之一。
个体的头痛感受区别很大。
长期以来，人们多只注意到头痛轻重缓急等外在表现，而不注重分辨各种头痛之间可能存在的质的区别，这种状况极大地阻碍了人们对于头痛的认识。
１９６２年，世界神经病学联盟（Ｗｏｒｌｄ Ｆｅｄｅｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆＮｅｕｒｏｌｏｇｙ）的一个特别委员会颁布了第一个国际头痛分类。
这个分类头痛综合征分别给出了描述性的定义。
由于没有可操作性的诊断标准，这些定义在使用中常需要进行主观的解释。
因为种种原因，该分类自问世起便引起很大争议。
１９９８年，在丹麦学者Ｊｅｓ Ｏｌｅｓｅｎ领导下，经过１００多名头痛专家３年的努力，国际头痛学会（Ｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ ＨｅａｄａｃｈｅＳｏｃｉｅｔｙ， ＩＨＳ）颁布了“头痛疾患，颅神经痛及颜面痛的分类和诊断标准”。
该标准对主要的头痛类型同时给出了描述性定义和操作性诊断标准，一经推出就被广泛接受，至今已被翻译成２０多种文字，并被世界卫生组织（ＷＨＯ）所采用。
该分类诊断标准的推出极大地推动了近年来头痛临床工作，病因研究、新药开发等的开展和交流。
虽然作为开创性工作，当时的头痛分类缺乏足够的临床和科研依据，制定标准时多基于专家们的经验，但是经过１５年的应用和验证，其大部分内容的效度和信度得到了证实。
在保留该分类的基本结构和大部分内容的基础上，ＨＩＳ今年又推出了第二版“头痛疾患的国际分类”（ｔｈｅＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ Ｃｌａｓｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ Ｈｅａｄａｃｈｅ Ｄｉｓｏｒｄｅｒｓ ２ｎｄＥｄｉｔｉｏｎ， ＩＣＨＤ－２）。
１ 头痛疾患的国际分类ＩＣＨＤ－２将头痛疾患分成３部分：（１）原发性头痛；（２）继发性头痛：（３）颅神经痛、中枢和原发性颜面痛及其他头痛。
每一种原发性头痛可视为一种独立的疾病，而继发性头痛一般只是某种疾病的一种症状。
如果某类头痛的首次发作与另一种可能引起头痛的疾病在时间上存在密切关系，该头痛即为继发性头痛，ＩＣＨＤ－２称该头痛为“缘于”该种疾病的头痛。
The international Classification of Headache disorders, 3rd Editon4.6.3.2 Probable external-traction headache 4.7.1 Probable primary stabbing headache6.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage6.2.1 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage非外伤性脑出血6.2.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH)6.2.3 Headache attributed to non-traumatic acute subdural haemorrhage (ASDH)急性硬膜下血肿6.3 Headache attributed to unruptured vascular malformation未破裂的血管畸形6.3.1 Headache attributed to unruptured saccular aneurysm囊性动脉瘤6.3.2 Headache attributed to arteriovenous malformation (AVM) 动静脉畸形6.3.3 Headache attributed to dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) 硬膜动静脉瘘6.3.4 Headache attributed to cavernous angioma 海绵窦血管瘤6.3.5 Headache attributed to encephalotrigeminal or leptomeningeal angiomatosis (Sturge Weber syndrome)脑三叉神经或软脑膜血管瘤病6.4 Headache attributed to arteritis6.4.1 Headache attributed to giant cell arteritis (GCA) 颞动脉炎6.4.2 Headache attributed to primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS)6.4.3 Headache attributed to secondary angiitis of the central nervous system (SACNS)6.8.2 Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis and Stroke-like episodes (MELAS)6.8.3 Headache attributed to another genetic vasculopathy6.9 Headache attributed to pituitary apoplexy垂体卒中7.缘于非血管性颅内疾病的头痛（Headache attributed to non-vascular intracranial disorder ）7.1 Headache attributed to increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure颅内压增高7.1.1 Headache attributed to idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH)7.1.2 Headache attributed to intracranial hypertension secondary to metabolic, toxic or hormonal causes7.1.3 Headache attributed to intracranial hypertension secondary to hydrocephalus7.2 Headache attributed to low cerebrospinal fluid pressure颅内压低下7.2.1 Post-dural puncture headache腰穿后7.2.2 CSF fistula headache脑脊液漏7.2.3 Headache attributed to spontaneous intracranial hypotension自发性低颅压7.3 Headache attributed to non-infectious inflammatory disease非感染性炎性疾病7.3.1 Headache attributed to neurosarcoidosis7.3.2 Headache attributed to aseptic (non-infectious) meningitis7.3.3 Headache attributed to other non-infectious inflammatory disease7.3.4 Headache attributed to lymphocytic hypophysitis7.3.5 Syndrome of transient Headache and Neurological Deficits with cerebrospinal fluid Lymphocytosis (HaNDL)7.4 Headache attributed to intracranial neoplasia颅内新生物7.4.1 Headache attributed to intracranial neoplasm7.4.1.1 Headache attributed to colloid cyst of the third ventricle7.4.2 Headache attributed to carcinomatous meningitis癌性脑膜炎7.4.3 Headache attributed to hypothalamic or pituitary hyper- or hyposecretion7.5 Headache attributed to intrathecal injection鞘内注射7.6 Headache attributed to epileptic seizure7.6.1 Hemicrania epileptica癫痫半颅痛7.6.2 Post-ictal headache癫痫发作后头痛7.7 Headache attributed to Chiari malformation type I (CM1)7.8 Headache attributed to other non-vascular intracranial disorder8.缘于物质或物质戒断的头痛（Headache attributed to a substance or its withdrawal）8.1 Headache attributed to use of or exposure to a substance or its withdrawal缘于某种物质的应用或戒断8.1.1 Nitric oxide (NO) donor-induced headache一氧化氮诱发8.1.1.1 Immediate NO donor-induced headache8.1.1.2 Delayed NO donor-induced headache8.1.2 Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor-induced headache磷酸二酯酶抑制剂8.1.3 Carbon monoxide (CO)-induced headache一氧化碳诱发8.1.4 Alcohol-induced headache酒精诱发8.3.4 Headache attributed to withdrawal from chronic use of other substance9.缘于感染的头痛（Headache attributed to infection）9.1 Headache attributed to intracranial infection颅内感染9.1.1 Headache attributed to bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis细菌性脑膜炎/脑膜脑炎9.1.1.1 Acute headache attributed to bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis9.1.1.2 Chronic headache attributed to bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis9.1.1.3 Persistent headache attributed to past bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis9.1.2 Headache attributed to viral meningitis or encephalitis病毒性脑膜炎或脑炎9.1.2.1 Headache attributed to viral meningitis9.1.2.2 Headache attributed to viral encephalitis9.1.3 Headache attributed to intracranial fungal or other parasitic infection真菌或寄生虫感染9.1.3.1 Acute headache attributed to intracranial fungal or other parasitic infection9.1.3.2 Chronic headache attributed to intracranial fungal or other parasitic infection9.1.4 Headache attributed to brain abscess脑脓肿9.1.5 Headache attributed to subdural empyema硬膜下积脓9.2 Headache attributed to systemic infection系统感染9.2.1 Headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection系统细菌感染9.2.1.1 Acute headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection9.2.1.2 Chronic headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection9.2.2 Headache attributed to systemic viral infection系统病毒感染9.2.2.1 Acute headache attributed to systemic viral infection9.2.2.2 Chronic headache attributed to systemic viral infection9.2.3 Headache attributed to other systemic infection其他系统感染9.2.3.1 Acute headache attributed to other systemic infection9.2.3.2 Chronic headache attributed to other systemic infection10.缘于内环境紊乱的头痛（Headache attributed to disorder of homoeostasis）10.1 Headache attributed to hypoxia and/or hypercapnia缺氧和/或高碳酸血症10.1.1 High-altitude headache高海拔头痛10.1.2 Headache attributed to aeroplane travel飞行头痛10.1.3 Diving headache潜水头痛10.1.4 Sleep apnoea headache睡眠呼吸暂停性头痛10.2 Dialysis headache10.3 Headache attributed to arterial hypertension高血压性头痛10.3.1 Headache attributed to phaeochromocytoma嗜络细胞瘤10.3.2 Headache attributed to hypertensive crisis without hypertensive encephalopathy无高血压脑病的高血压危象10.3.3 Headache attributed to hypertensive encephalopathy高血压脑病10.3.4 Headache attributed to pre-eclampsia or eclampsia先兆子痫10.3.5 Headache attributed to autonomic dysreflexia自主反射障碍10.4 Headache attributed to hypothyroidism甲状腺低下10.5 Headache attributed to fasting禁食10.6 Cardiac cephalalgia心源性头痛10.7 Headache attributed to other disorder of homoeostasis其他内环境稳定失调疾患11.缘于头、颈、眼、耳、鼻、鼻窦、牙、口或其他头面部结构病变的头面痛（Headache or facial pain attributed to disorder of the cranium, neck,eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cervical structure ）11.1 Headache attributed to disorder of cranial bone颅骨11.2 Headache attributed to disorder of the neck 颈部11.2.1 Cervicogenic headache11.2.2 Headache attributed to retropharyngeal tendonitis11.2.3 Headache attributed to craniocervical dystonia11.3 Headache attributed to disorder of the eyes眼睛11.3.1 Headache attributed to acute glaucoma急性青光眼11.3.2 Headache attributed to refractive error屈光不正11.3.3 Headache attributed to heterophoria or heterotropia (latent or persistent squint)斜视11.3.4 Headache attributed to ocular inflammatory disorder11.3.5 Headache attributed to trochleitis11.4 Headache attributed to disorder of the ears耳朵11.5 Headache attributed to disorder of the nose or paranasal sinuses鼻子或鼻窦11.5.1 Headache attributed to acute rhinosinusitis急性鼻窦炎11.5.2 Headache attributed to chronic or recurring rhinosinusitis11.6 Headache attributed to disorder of the teeth or jaw11.7 Headache attributed to temporomandibular disorder (TMD)11.8 Head or facial pain attributed to inflammation of the stylohyoid ligament11.9 Headache or facial pain attributed to other disorder of cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose,sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cervical structure12.缘于精神疾病的头痛（Headache attributed to psychiatric disorder）12.1 Headache attributed to somatization disorder躯体化障碍12.2 Headache attributed to psychotic disorder精神疾病三、脑神经痛、中枢和原发性颜面痛及其他头痛（painful cranial neuropathies, other facial pains and other headaches）13.脑神经痛和中枢性颜面痛（Painful cranial neuropathies and other facial pains）13.1 Trigeminal neuralgia三叉神经痛13.1.1 Classical trigeminal neuralgia13.1.1.1 Classical trigeminal neuralgia, purely paroxysmal13.1.1.2 Classical trigeminal neuralgia with concomitant persistent facial pain。
[IHC 2013]国际头痛疾病分类标准第三版试行版发布医脉通2013-07-15发表评论(2人参与)来自2013年国际头痛会议（IHC）报道，国际头痛疾病分类第三版（ICHD-III beta 版）现在已经完成，并准备进行实地测试。
偏头痛工作组负责人丹麦哥本哈根格洛斯卓普医院大学神经学教授Jes Olesen博士称，“ICHD-III已经获得通过，并已经出版，临床医生应该立即开始使用，因为它明显优于第二版”。
Olesen博士鼓励参会代表们开始使用这一新的分类方法，并参加现场测试。
他说该版本将在未来几年中发挥重要作用，一直到最终版本的出版。
For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial useOlesen博士说，如果医生发现任何错误，或者有任何意见，他们可以联系相关章节的负责人。
他预测，进行轻微的修改是必要的。
ICHD-III beta版可在国际头痛协会网站上获得。
For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use慢性偏头痛在ICHD-III版本中的一个最大的变化是对慢性偏头痛内容的定义，新版本定义慢性偏头痛每月至少发生15天并持续发生3个月以上。
For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial useOlesen博士说道，在过去，所有这些头痛患者都被诊断为患有偏头痛，不过这些患者是1年发作1次，还是1个月，1周，或1天发作一次。
但人们已经有越来越有兴趣在考虑将偏头痛频谱中最严重的部分作为一个单独的存在。
在对慢性偏头痛做出诊断之前，除了频繁的头痛发作，还有一些其他条件必须得到满足。
其他偏头痛的分类包括：有先兆偏头痛，无先兆偏头痛，伴并发症的偏头痛，很可能偏头痛，伴偏头痛的发作性综合征。
国际头痛疾病分类第三版分类条目（中英文对照）蔡若蔚 编译Classification0ICHD-3 code Diagnosis1. Migraine 偏头痛1.1 Migraine without aura 无先兆偏头痛1.2 Migraine with aura 先兆偏头痛1.2.1 Migraine with typical aura 典型先兆偏头痛1.2.1.1 Typical aura with headache 典型先兆伴头痛1.2.1.2 Typical aura without headache 不伴随头痛之典型先兆1.2.2 Migraine with brainstem aura 伴随脑干先兆症状的偏头痛1.2.3 Hemiplegic migraine 偏瘫偏头痛1.2.3.1 Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM)家族性偏瘫偏头痛1.2.3.1.1 Familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 (FHM1) 家族性偏瘫偏头痛11.2.3.1.2 Familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2) 家族性偏瘫偏头痛21.2.3.1.3 Familial hemiplegic migraine type 3 (FHM3) 家族性偏瘫偏头痛31.2.3.1.4 Familial hemiplegic migraine, other loci 其他位点的家族性偏瘫偏头痛1.2.3.2 Sporadic hemiplegic migraine散发性偏瘫偏头痛1.2.4 Retinal migraine视网膜偏头痛1.3 Chronic migraine慢性偏头痛1.4 Complications of migraine偏头痛并发症1.4.1 Status migrainosus偏头痛持续状态1.4.2 Persistent aura without infarction无梗塞之持续性先兆1.4.3 Migrainous infarction偏头痛脑梗死1.4.4 Migraine aura-triggered seizure偏头痛引发之癫痫发作1.5 Probable migraine 可能偏头痛1.5.1 Probable migraine without aura可能无先兆偏头痛1.5.2 Probable migraine with aura 可能先兆偏头痛1.6 Episodic syndromes that may be associated with migraine 可能与偏头痛相关的发作综合症1.6.1 Recurrent gastrointestinal disturbance 复发性胃肠道功能紊乱1.6.1.1 Cyclical vomiting syndrome 周期性呕吐综合症1.6.1.2 Abdominal migraine 腹型偏头痛1.6.2 Benign paroxysmal vertigo 良性发作性眩晕1.6.3 Benign paroxysmal torticollis 良性阵发性斜颈2. Tension-type headache (TTH) 紧张型头痛2.1 Infrequent episodic tension-type headache 不常发阵发性紧张型头痛2.1.1 Infrequent episodic tension-type headache associated with pericranial tenderness 不常发阵发性紧张型头痛合并颅周压痛2.1.2 Infrequent episodic tension-type headache not associated with pericranial tenderness 不常发阵发性紧张型头痛不合并颅周压痛2.2 Frequent episodic tension-type headache 经常阵发性紧张型头痛2.2.1 Frequent episodic tension-type headache associated with pericranial tenderness 经常阵发性紧张型头痛合并颅周压痛2.2.2 Frequent episodic tension-type headache not associated with pericranial tenderness 经常阵发性紧张型头痛不合并颅周压痛2.3 Chronic tension-type headache 慢性紧张型头痛2.3.1 Chronic tension-type headache associated with pericranial tenderness 慢性紧张型头痛合并颅周压痛2.3.2 Chronic tension-type headache not associated with pericranial tenderness 慢性紧张型头痛不合并颅周压痛2.4 Probable tension-type headache 可能紧张型头痛2.4.1 Probable infrequent episodic tension-type headache 可能不常发阵发性紧张型头痛2.4.2 Probable frequent episodic tension-type headache 可能经常阵发性紧张型头痛2.4.3 Probable chronic tension-type headache 可能慢性紧张型头痛3. Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs)三叉自主神经头痛3.1 Cluster headache 丛集性头痛3.1.1 Episodic cluster headache 阵发丛集性头痛3.1.2 Chronic cluster headache 慢性丛集性头痛3.2 Paroxysmal hemicranias 阵发性半边头痛3.2.1 Episodic paroxysmal hemicranias 阵发发作性半边头痛3.2.2 Chronic paroxysmal hemicranias慢性阵发性半边头痛3.3 Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks 短暂性偏侧神经痛样头痛发作3.3.1 Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection andtearing (SUNCT) 短暂单侧神经痛性头痛发作并结膜充血及流泪3.3.1.1 Episodic SUNCT 阵发性SUNCT3.3.1.2 Chronic SUNCT 慢性SUNCT3.3.2 Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with cranial autonomicsymptoms (SUNA)短暂单侧神经痛性头痛发作并颅部自主神经症状3.3.2.1 Episodic SUNA阵发性SUNA3.3.2.2 Chronic SUNA慢性SUNA3.4 Hemicrania continua 持续性半边头痛3.5 Probable trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia 可能三叉自主神经头痛3.5.1 Probable cluster headache 可能丛集性头痛3.5.2 Probable paroxysmal hemicranias 可能发作性半边头痛3.5.3 Probable short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks 可能短暂单侧神经痛性头痛发作3.5.4 Probable hemicrania continua可能半边头痛状态4. Other primary headache disorders其它原发性头痛4.1 Primary cough headache原发性咳嗽头痛4.1.1 Probable primary cough headache 可能原发性咳嗽头痛4.2 Primary exercise headache原发性运动头痛4.2.1 Probable primary exercise headache 可能原发性运动头痛4.3 Primary headache associated with sexual activity原发性性行为相关之头痛4.3.1 Probable primary headache associated with sexual activity 可能原发性性行为相关之头痛4.4 Primary thunderclap headache原发性霹雳性头痛4.5 Cold-stimulus headache冷刺激头痛4.5.1 Headache attributed to external application of a cold stimulus 外部冷刺激头痛4.5.2 Headache attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus摄入冷刺激头痛4.5.3 Probable cold-stimulus headache可能冷刺激头痛4.5.3.1 Headache probably attributed to external application of a cold stimulus可能外部冷刺激头痛4.5.3.2 Headache probably attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus 可能摄入冷刺激头痛4.6 External-pressure headache外部压力头痛4.6.1 External-compression headache外部压迫性头痛4.6.2 External-traction headache外部牵引性头痛4.6.3 Probable external-pressure headache可能外部压力头痛4.6.3.1 Probable external-compression headache可能外部压迫性头痛4.6.3.2 Probable external-traction headache可能外部牵引性头痛4.7 Primary stabbing headache原发性戳刺性头痛4.7.1 Probable primary stabbing headache 可能原发性戳刺性头痛4.8 Nummular headache钱币状头痛4.8.1 Probable nummular headache 可能钱币状头痛4.9 Hypnic headache睡眠头痛4.9.1 Probable hypnic headache 可能睡眠头痛4.10 New daily persistent headache (NDPH) 新发生每日持续性头痛(NDPH)4.10.1 Probable new daily persistent headache 可能新发生每日持续性头痛5. Headache attributed to trauma or injury to the head and/or neck头部和/或颈部外伤或损伤之头痛5.1 Acute headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head 急性头部和/或颈部外伤或损伤之头痛5.1.1 Acute headache attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury to the head急性头部和/或颈部中重度外伤或损伤之头痛5.1.2 Acute headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head急性头部和/或颈部轻度外伤或损伤之头痛5.2 Persistent headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head 持续性头部和/或颈部外伤或损伤之头痛5.2.1 Persistent headache attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury to the head持续性头部和/或颈部中重度外伤或损伤之头痛5.2.2 Persistent headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head持续性头部和/或颈部轻度外伤或损伤之头痛5.3 Acute headache attributed to whiplash 颈部挥鞭伤致急性头痛5.4 Persistent headache attributed to whiplash颈部挥鞭伤致持续性头痛5.5 Acute headache attributed to craniotomy 开颅手术所致急性头痛5.6 Persistent headache attributed to craniotomy开颅手术所致持续性头痛6. Headache attributed to cranial or cervical vascular disorder颅部或颈部血管疾患之头痛6.1 Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack缺血性中风或暂时性脑缺血之头痛6.1.1 Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke (cerebral infarction) 缺血性中风(脑梗死)之头痛6.1.2 Headache attributed to transient ischaemic attack (TIA) 暂时性脑缺血(TIA)之头痛6.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage非外伤性颅内出血之头痛6.2.1 Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage非外伤性颅内出血之头痛6.2.2 Headache attributed to non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) 非外伤性蛛网膜下腔出血之头痛6.2.3 Headache attributed to non-traumatic acute subdural haemorrhage (ASDH)非外伤性急性硬膜下出血之头痛6.3 Headache attributed to unruptured vascular malformation 未破裂血管畸形之头痛6.3.1 Headache attributed to unruptured saccular aneurysm未破裂囊状动脉瘤之头痛6.3.2 Headache attributed to arteriovenous malformation (AVM)动静脉畸形之头痛6.3.3 Headache attributed to dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF)硬脑膜动静脉瘘之头痛6.3.4 Headache attributed to cavernous angioma海绵状血管瘤之头痛6.3.5 Headache attributed to encephalotrigeminal or leptomeningeal angiomatosis(Sturge Weber syndrome) 脑三叉神经或软脑膜血管瘤病(Sturge-Weber氏综合征)之头痛6.4 Headache attributed to arteritis动脉炎之头痛6.4.1 Headache attributed to giant cell arteritis (GCA)巨细胞动脉炎(GCA)之头痛6.4.2 Headache attributed to primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) 原发性中枢神经系统血管炎之头痛6.4.3 Headache attributed to secondary angiitis of the central nervous system (SACNS) 继发性中枢神经系统血管炎之头痛6.5 Headache attributed to cervical carotid or vertebral artery disorder 颈动脉或椎动脉病变所致的头痛6.5.1 Headache or facial or neck pain attributed to cervical carotid or vertebral artery dissection 颈动脉或椎动脉动脉夹层之头或颜面、颈部之疼痛6.5.2 Post-endarterectomy headache 动脉内膜切除术后头痛6.5.3 Headache attributed to carotid or vertebral angioplasty 颈动脉血管成型术后头痛6.6 Headache attributed to cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) 脑静脉血栓(CVT)之头痛6.7 Headache attributed to other acute intracranial arterial disorder 其它颅内血管性疾患之头痛6.7.1 Headache attributed to an intracranial endovascular procedure 于颅内血管内手术之头痛6.7.2 Angiography headache 血管造影头痛6.7.3 Headache attributed to reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) 可逆性脑血管收缩综合症引起的头痛6.7.3.1 Headache probably attributed to reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) 可能是可逆性脑血管收缩综合症引起的头痛6.7.4 Headache attributed to intracranial arterial dissection 颅内动脉夹层引起的头痛6.8 Headache attributed to genetic vasculopathy 遗传性血管病变引起的头痛6.8.1 Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) 伴有皮质下梗死和白质脑病的常染色体显性遗传性动脉病6.8.2 Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis and Stroke-like episodes (MELAS) 线粒体脑病变，乳酸中毒及类中风发作(MELAS)6.8.3 Headache attributed to another genetic vasculopathy 其他遗传性血管病变引起的头痛6.9 Headache attributed to pituitary apoplexy垂体卒中之头痛7. Headache attributed to non-vascular intracranial disorder 非血管性颅内疾患之头痛7.1 Headache attributed to increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure 脑脊液高压之头痛7.1.1 Headache attributed to idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) 原因不明颅内高压之头痛(IIH)7.1.2 Headache attributed to intracranial hypertension secondary to metabolic, toxic orhormonal causes代谢、中毒或激素原因导致颅内高压之头痛7.1.3 Headache attributed to intracranial hypertension secondary to hydrocephalus脑水肿引起颅内高压之头痛7.2 Headache attributed to low cerebrospinal fluid pressure 脑脊液低压之头痛7.2.1 Post-dural puncture headache 硬脑膜穿刺后头痛7.2.2 CSF fistula headache 脑脊液瘘头痛7.2.3 Headache attributed to spontaneous intracranial hypotension 自发性(或原因不明)脑脊液低压之头痛7.3 Headache attributed to non-infectious inflammatory disease非感染性炎症疾患之头痛7.3.1 Headache attributed to neurosarcoidosis神经类肉瘤病之头痛7.3.2 Headache attributed to aseptic (non-infectious) meningitis 无菌性(非感染性)脑膜炎之头痛7.3.3 Headache attributed to other non-infectious inflammatory disease 其它非感染性发炎疾病之头痛7.3.4 Headache attributed to lymphocytic hypophysitis 淋巴细胞性垂体炎之头痛7.3.5 Syndrome of transient Headache and Neurological Deficits with cerebrospinal fluidLymphocytosis (HaNDL) 短暂头痛及神经缺损综合征并脑脊液淋巴细胞增生症(HaNDL)7.4 Headache attributed to intracranial neoplasia 颅内肿瘤之头痛7.4.1 Headache attributed to intracranial neoplasm 颅内肿瘤之头痛7.4.1.1 Headache attributed to colloid cyst of the third ventricle 第三脑室胶样囊肿之头痛7.4.2 Headache attributed to carcinomatous meningitis癌性脑膜炎之头痛7.4.3 Headache attributed to hypothalamic or pituitary hyper- or hyposecretion下丘脑或垂体超或分泌不足之头痛7.5 Headache attributed to intrathecal injection鞘内注射引起的头痛7.6 Headache attributed to epileptic seizure 癫痫发作之头痛7.6.1 Hemicrania epileptic 癫痫性半边头痛7.6.2 Post-ictal headache 癫痫发作后头痛7.7 Headache attributed to Chiari malformation type I (CM1) Chiari氏畸形第一型(CM1)之头痛7.8 Headache attributed to other non-vascular intracranial disorder 其他非血管性颅内疾患之头痛8. Headache attributed to a substance or its withdrawal 物质或物质戒断之头痛8.1 Headache attributed to use of or exposure to a substance物质使用或接触引发之头痛8.1.1 Nitric oxide (NO) donor-induced headache 一氧化氮供体引发之头痛8.1.1.1 Immediate NO donor-induced headache 一氧化氮供体引发之立即型头痛8.1.1.2 Delayed NO donor-induced headache 一氧化氮供体引发之延迟型头痛8.1.2 Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor-induced headache磷酸二酯酶(PDE)抑制剂引发之头痛8.1.3 Carbon monoxide (CO)-induced headache 一氧化碳引发之头痛8.1.4 Alcohol-induced headache 酒精引发之头痛8.1.4.1 Immediate alcohol-induced headache 酒精引发之立即型头痛8.1.4.2 Delayed alcohol-induced headache 酒精引发之延迟型头痛8.1.5 Headache induced by food and/or additive 食品成分及添加物引发之头痛8.1.5.1 Monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced headache 味精(谷氨酸钠)引发之头痛8.1.6 Cocaine-induced headache 可卡因引发之头痛8.1.7 Histamine-induced headache 组织胺引发之头痛8.1.7.1 Immediate histamine-induced headache 组织胺引发之立即型头痛8.1.7.2 Delayed histamine-induced headache 组织胺引发之延迟型头痛8.1.8 Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-induced headache降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）引起的头痛8.1.8.1 Immediate CGRP-induced headache降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）引起的立即型头痛8.1.8.2 Delayed CGRP-induced headache降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）引起的延迟型头痛8.1.9 Headache attributed to exogenous acute pressor agent 外源性急性升压药引起之头痛8.1.10 Headache attributed to occasional use of non-headache medication偶尔使用非头痛药物治疗引起的头痛8.1.11 Headache attributed to long-term use of non-headache medication长期使用非头痛药物治疗引起的头痛8.1.12 Headache attributed to exogenous hormone外源激素引起之头痛8.1.13 Headache attributed to use of or exposure to other substance其他物质使用或接触引发之头痛8.2 Medication-overuse headache (MOH) 药物过度使用头痛(MOH)8.2.1 Ergotamine-overuse headache麦角胺过度使用头痛8.2.2 Triptan-overuse headache曲坦类药过度使用头痛8.2.3 Simple analgesic-overuse headache 简单的止痛剂过度使用头痛8.2.3.1 Paracetamol (acetaminophen)-overuse headache扑热息痛（对乙酰氨基酚）过度使用头痛8.2.3.2 Acetylsalicylic acid-overuse headache乙酰水杨酸过度使用头痛8.2.3.3 Other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-overuse headache其他非甾体抗炎药（NSAID）过度使用性头痛8.2.4 Opioid-overuse headache鸦片类过度使用头痛8.2.5 Combination-analgesic-overuse headache复合止痛剂过度使用头痛8.2.6 Medication-overuse headache attributed to multiple drug classes not individually overused药物过度使用头痛归因于多个类药物并非个别过度使用8.2.7 Medication-overuse headache attributed to unverified overuse of multiple drug classes未经证实的多类药物的过度使用药物过度使用头痛8.2.8 Medication-overuse headache attributed to other medication归因于其他药物之药物过度使用头痛8.3 Headache attributed to substance withdrawal 物质戒断之头痛8.3.1 Caffeine-withdrawal headache 咖啡因戒断之头痛8.3.2 Opioid-withdrawal headache 鸦片类戒断之头痛8.3.3 Oestrogen-withdrawal headache 雌激素戒断之头痛8.3.4 Headache attributed to withdrawal from chronic use of other substance 其它物质慢性使用后戒断之头痛9. Headache attributed to infection感染之头痛9.1 Headache attributed to intracranial infection 颅内感染之头痛9.1.1 Headache attributed to bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis 细菌性脑膜炎或脑膜脑炎之头痛9.1.1.1 Acute headache attributed to bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis细菌性脑膜炎或脑膜脑炎之急性头痛9.1.1.2 Chronic headache attributed to bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis细菌性脑膜炎或脑膜脑炎之慢性头痛9.1.1.3 Persistent headache attributed to past bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis细菌性脑膜炎或脑膜脑炎后之持续性性头痛9.1.2 Headache attributed to viral meningitis or encephalitis病毒性脑膜炎或脑膜脑炎头痛9.1.2.1 Headache attributed to viral meningitis 病毒性脑膜炎头痛9.1.2.2 Headache attributed to viral encephalitis病毒性脑炎头痛9.1.3 Headache attributed to intracranial fungal or other parasitic infection颅内真菌或其他寄生虫感染之头痛9.1.3.1 Acute headache attributed to intracranial fungal or other parasitic infection颅内真菌或其他寄生虫感染之急性头痛9.1.3.2 Chronic headache attributed to intracranial fungal or other parasitic infection颅内真菌或其他寄生虫感染之慢性头痛9.1.4 Headache attributed to brain abscess 脑脓肿之头痛9.1.5 Headache attributed to subdural empyema硬脑膜下脓肿之头痛9.2 Headache attributed to systemic infection 全身性感染之头痛9.2.1 Headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection 全身性细菌感染之头痛9.2.1.1 Acute headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection 全身性细菌感染之急性头痛9.2.1.2 Chronic headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection 全身性细菌感染之慢性头痛9.2.2 Headache attributed to systemic viral infection全身性病毒感染之头痛9.2.2.1 Acute headache attributed to systemic viral infection全身性病毒感染之急性头痛9.2.2.2 Chronic headache attributed to systemic viral infection全身性病毒感染之慢性头痛9.2.3 Headache attributed to other systemic infection 其它全身性感染之头痛9.2.3.1 Acute headache attributed to other systemic infection 其它全身性感染之急性头痛9.2.3.2 Chronic headache attributed to other systemic infection 其它全身性感染之慢性头痛10. Headache attributed to disorder of homoeostasis 内环境紊乱之头痛10.1 Headache attributed to hypoxia and/or hypercapnia缺氧和/或高碳酸血症之头痛10.1.1 High-altitude headache 高海拔头痛10.1.2 Headache attributed to aeroplane travel飞机旅行10.1.3 Diving headache 潜水头痛10.1.4 Sleep apnoea headache 睡眠呼吸暂停症之头痛10.2 Dialysis headache 透析头痛10.3 Headache attributed to arterial hypertension 动脉高血压之头痛10.3.1 Headache attributed to phaeochromocytoma嗜铬细胞瘤之头痛10.3.2 Headache attributed to hypertensive crisis without hypertensive encephalopathy无高血压性脑病变之高血压危象头痛10.3.3 Headache attributed to hypertensive encephalopathy高血压性脑病变之头痛10.3.4 Headache attributed to pre-eclampsia or eclampsia 先兆子痫症之头痛10.3.5 Headache attributed to autonomic dysreflexia子痫症之头痛10.4 Headache attributed to hypothyroidism甲状腺功能减退症之头痛10.5 Headache attributed to fasting 禁食之头痛10.6 Cardiac cephalalgia 心源性头痛10.7 Headache attributed to other disorder of homoeostasis 其它内环境紊乱之头痛11. Headache or facial pain attributed to disorder of the cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cervical structure 头颅、颈、眼、耳、鼻、鼻窦、牙、口或其它面部或颅部结构疾患之头痛或颜面痛11.1 Headache attributed to disorder of cranial bone 颅骨疾患之头痛11.2 Headache attributed to disorder of the neck颈疾患之头痛11.2.1 Cervicogenic headache 颈因性头痛11.2.2 Headache attributed to retropharyngeal tendonitis咽后部肌腱炎之头痛11.2.3 Headache attributed to craniocervical dystonia 颅颈肌张力异常症之头痛11.3 Headache attributed to disorder of the eyes 眼疾患之头痛11.3.1 Headache attributed to acute glaucoma 急性青光眼之头痛11.3.2 Headache attributed to refractive error 屈光异常之头痛11.3.3 Headache attributed to heterophoria or heterotropia (latent or persistent squint) 隐斜视或显斜视(潜伏或显现斜视)之头痛11.3.4 Headache attributed to ocular inflammatory disorder 眼部发炎疾患之头痛11.3.5 Headache attributed to trochleitis 滑车炎之头痛11.4 Headache attributed to disorder of the ears耳疾患之头痛11.5 Headache attributed to disorder of the nose or paranasal sinuses鼻或鼻窦疾患之头痛11.5.1 Headache attributed to acute rhinosinusitis 急性鼻窦炎之头痛11.5.2 Headache attributed to chronic or recurring rhinosinusitis慢性或复发性鼻窦炎之头痛11.6 Headache attributed to disorder of the teeth or jaw牙、颚疾患之头痛11.7 Headache attributed to temporomandibular disorder (TMD) 颞颔关节疾患之头痛11.8 Head or facial pain attributed to inflammation of the stylohyoid ligament 茎突舌骨韧带发炎之头痛或面痛11.9 Headache or facial pain attributed to other disorder of cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose,sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cervical structure 其它头颅、颈、眼、耳、鼻、鼻窦、牙、口或其它颜面或颈部结构之头痛12. Headache attributed to psychiatric disorder 精神障碍之头痛12.1 Headache attributed to somatization disorder躯体化障碍之头痛12.2 Headache attributed to psychotic disorder 精神病性疾患的头痛13. Painful cranial neuropathies and other facial pains 痛性颅神经病和其他颜面痛13.1 Trigeminal neuralgia 三叉神经痛13.1.1 Classical trigeminal neuralgia 典型三叉神经痛13.1.1.1 Classical trigeminal neuralgia, purely paroxysmal典型三叉神经痛，纯粹阵发性13.1.1.2 Classical trigeminal neuralgia with concomitant persistent facial pain典型三叉神经痛伴持续性面部疼痛13.1.2 Painful trigeminal neuropathy痛性三叉神经病13.1.2.1 Painful trigeminal neuropathy attributed to acute Herpes zoster 急性带状疱疹致痛性三叉神经病13.1.2.2 Post-herpetic trigeminal neuropathy 疱疹后三叉神经病13.1.2.3 Painful post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathy创伤后痛性三叉神经病13.1.2.4 Painful trigeminal neuropathy attributed to multiple sclerosis (MS) plaque多发性硬化（MS）的斑块致痛性三叉神经病13.1.2.5 Painful trigeminal neuropathy attributed to space-occupying lesion 占位性病变引起的痛性三叉神经病13.1.2.6 Painful trigeminal neuropathy attributed to other disorder其他疾病所致的痛性三叉神经病13.2 Glossopharyngeal neuralgia13.3 Nervus intermedius (facial nerve) neuralgia 舌咽神经痛13.3.1 Classical nervus intermedius neuralgia 典型舌咽神经痛13.3.2 Nervus intermedius neuropathy attributed to Herpes zoster 带状疱疹中间神经痛13.4 Occipital neuralgia 枕神经痛13.5 Optic neuritis 视神经炎13.6 Headache attributed to ischaemic ocular motor nerve palsy 缺血性眼运动神经麻痹所致的头痛13.7 Tolosa-Hunt syndrome Tolosa-Hunt氏综合征13.8 Paratrigeminal oculosympathetic (Raeder’s) syndrome 旁三叉神经眼交感(Raeder’s)综合症13.9 Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy 复发性眼肌麻痹痛性神经病13.10 Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) 灼口综合征(BMS)13.11 Persistent idiopathic facial pain (PIFP) 持续性特发性面痛(PIFP)13.12 Central neuropathic pain 中枢神经病理性疼痛13.12.1 Central neuropathic pain attributed to multiple sclerosis (MS) 多发性硬化致中枢神经病理性疼痛13.12.2 Central post-stroke pain (CPSP) 卒中后中枢神经痛14. Other headache disorders 其他头痛疾患14.1 Headache not elsewhere classified 不属于现存分类的头痛14.2 Headache unspecified 特性不明的头痛A . Appendix 附录A1 . Migraine 偏头痛A1.1 Migraine without aura 无先兆偏头痛A1.1.1 Pure menstrual migraine without aura 纯月经无先兆偏头痛A1.1.2 Menstrually related migraine without aura 与月经相关无先兆偏头痛A1.1.3 Non-menstrual migraine without aura 非月经相关无先兆偏头痛A1.2 Migraine with aura (alternative criteria) 先兆偏头痛（替代诊断标准）A1.2.1 Migraine with typical aura (alternative criteria)典型先兆偏头痛（替代诊断标准）A1.3 Chronic migraine (alternative criteria)慢性偏头痛（替代诊断标准）A1.3.1 Chronic migraine with pain-free periods 有头痛缓解期的慢性偏头痛A1.3.2 Chronic migraine with continuous pain 持续性慢性偏头痛A1.4 Complications of migraine 偏头痛合并症A1.4.5 Migraine aura status 偏头痛先兆状态A1.6 Episodic syndromes that may be associated with migraine 可能与偏头痛相关的发作性综合症A1.6.4 Infantile colic婴儿绞痛A1.6.5 Alternating hemiplegia of childhood 儿童的交替性偏瘫A1.6.6 Vestibular migraine前庭性偏头痛A2. Tension-type headache (alternative criteria)紧张型头痛（替代诊断标准）A3. Trigeminal-autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) 三叉自主神经性头痛A3.6 Undifferentiated trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia 未分化性三叉自主神经性头痛A4. Other primary headache disorders 其他原发性头痛疾患A4.11 Epicrania fugax 头皮窜痛A5. Headache attributed to trauma or injury to the head and/or neck，头部和/或颈部外伤或损伤之头痛A5.1 Acute headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head头部外伤或损伤之急性头痛A5.1.1.1 Delayed-onset acute headache attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury to the head 头部中重度创伤性损伤之迟发性头痛A5.1.2.1 Delayed-onset acute headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head 头部轻度创伤性损伤之迟发性头痛A5.2 Persistent headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head头部创伤性损伤之持续性头痛A5.2.1.1 Delayed-onset persistent headache attributed to moderate or severe traumatic injury to the head 头部中重度度创伤性损伤之迟发性持续性头痛A5.2.2.1 Delayed-onset persistent headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head头部轻度创伤性损伤之迟发性持续性头痛A5.7 Headache attributed to radiosurgery of the brain 脑放射治疗头痛A5.8 Acute headache attributed to other trauma or injury to the head and/or neck其他头部和/或颈部外伤或损伤之急性头痛A5.9 Persistent headache attributed to other trauma or injury to the head and/or neck其他头部和/或颈部外伤或损伤之持续性头痛A6. Headache attributed to cranial or cervical vascular disorder 头颈部血管病变之头痛A6.10 Persistent headache attributed to past cranial or cervical vascular disorder头颈部血管病变后之持续性头痛A7. Headache attributed to non-vascular intracranial disorder 非血管性颅内疾患之头痛A7.6 Headache attributed to epileptic seizure 癫痫发作致头痛A7.6.3 Post-electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) headache 电休克治疗后头痛A7.9 Persistent headache attributed to past non-vascular intracranial disorder非血管性颅内疾患后之持续性头痛A8. Headache attributed to a substance or its withdrawal 物质或其戒断之头痛A8.4 Persistent headache attributed to past use of or exposure to a substance 物质使用或接触引发之头痛A9. Headache attributed to infection 感染之头痛A9.1 Headache attributed to intracranial infection颅内感染之头痛A9.1.3.3 Persistent headache attributed to past intracranial fungal or other parasitic infection颅内真菌或其他寄生虫感染后持续性头痛A9.1.6 Headache attributed to other infective space-occupying lesion其他感染占位性病变之头痛A9.3 Headache attributed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染之头痛A10. Headache attributed to disorder of homoeostasis内环境紊乱之头痛A10.7 Head and/or neck pain attributed to orthostatic (postural) hypotension 体位性低血压致头/颈痛A10.8 Headache attributed to other disorder of homeostasis 其他内环境紊乱之头痛A10.8.1 Headache attributed to travel in space 太空旅行致头痛A10.8.2 Headache attributed to other metabolic or systemic disorder 其他代谢或全身性疾病致头痛A10.9 Persistent headache attributed to past disorder of homoeostasis 内环境紊乱后之持续性头痛A11. Headache or facial pain attributed to disorder of the cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cervical structure头颅、颈、眼、耳、鼻、鼻窦、牙、口或其它面部或颅部结构疾患之头痛或颜面痛A11.2 Headache attributed to disorder of the neck颈疾患之头痛A11.2.4 Headache attributed to upper cervical radiculopathy 上颈椎神经根病变致头痛A11.2.5 Headache attributed to cervical myofascial pain 颈椎肌筋膜疼痛A11.5 Headache attributed to disorder of the nose or paranasal sinuses 鼻或鼻窦疾患之头痛A11.5.3 Headache attributed to disorder of the nasal mucosa, turbinates or septum鼻粘膜，鼻甲和鼻中隔疾病致头痛A12. Headache attributed to psychiatric disorder 精神障碍致头痛A12.3 Headache attributed to depressive disorder 抑郁障碍致头痛A12.4 Headache attributed to separation anxiety disorder 分离性焦虑障碍致头痛A12.5 Headache attributed to panic disorder 惊恐障碍致头痛A12.6 Headache attributed to specific phobia 特定恐惧症致头痛ICHD-3 beta. Cephalalgia 2013; 33: 629–808 ©International Headache Society 2013/4 A12.7 Headache attributed to social anxiety disorder (social phobia) 社交焦虑障碍致头痛 A12.8 Headache attributed to generalized anxiety disorder 广泛性焦虑障碍致头痛A12.9 Headache attributed to post-traumatic stress disorder 创伤后应激障碍致头痛A12.10 Headache attributed to acute stress disorder 急性应激障碍致头痛。
思医馆丨头痛学习（二）分解学习《国际头痛分类第三版-2018》——紧张型头痛《国际头痛分类第三版-2018》是最新的国际头痛分类，包括了三大分类，14个类型的头痛，每个类型下又分各个亚型，附录中还包括了12种头痛的补充说明。
因此是十分详尽和全面的。
从本次推送开始，我们将一起分解学习这一版头痛分类，以学习临床常见的头痛为主。
首先，来看一下紧张型头痛的框架。
紧张型头痛共分为4种亚型，根据发作频率分为偶发性、频发性、慢性，以及不完全符合诊断标准的很可能的紧张型头痛。
前3种又根据是否有颅周压痛分为伴颅周压痛和不伴颅周压痛2种子亚型。
很可能的紧张型头痛又可按发作频率分为偶发性、频发性和慢性。
★颅周压痛：手法触诊产生的颅周压痛增加为紧张型头痛最有特征性意义的异常表现。
★颅周压痛在发作间期也可出现，在发作期可进一步加强，且与头痛的程度和频率相关。
★周围性疼痛机制在偶发性紧张型头痛和频发性紧张型头痛中占主要地位，而中枢性疼痛机制在慢性紧张型头痛中占主要地位。
★发病机制不明。
这里特别说明一点：紧张型头痛是“型”，不是“性”，从字面理解说明这是一种“分型”，而不是强调“性质”。
这一点非常容易疏忽，希望大家注意。
紧张型头痛是原发性头痛中最常见的一种头痛，如果对偏头痛的诊断标准比较了解的，可以发现紧张型头痛需要跟偏头痛进行鉴别诊断，尤其是无先兆偏头痛。
这两者的主要鉴别点可归纳为以下几点：紧张型头痛偏头痛发作频率至少发作10次以上至少发作5次持续时间30分钟-7天4-72小时头痛部位双侧单侧★头痛性质压迫性或紧箍样，非搏动性搏动性头痛程度轻中度中重度日常活动影响不加重加重恶心呕吐无有畏光畏声不超过1项有特别说明★ICHD-3偏头痛的诊断标准中疼痛部位为“单侧”，但根据以往的知识和临床经验，偏头痛的疼痛部位不局限于“单侧”，“偏头痛”与“偏侧头痛”不同，关于这一点将在以后进一步学习。
A偶发性紧张型头痛B频发性紧张型头痛❖频发性紧张型头痛经常与无先兆偏头痛同时存在。
The International Classification of Headache Disorders3rd edition國際頭痛疾病分類第三版中文版國際頭痛疾病分類第三版中文版目錄前言 (3)中文版序 (4)第三版中文版翻譯小組名單 (5)英文版工作小組名單 (6)如何使用本分類 (8)頭痛分類編碼 (10)一、原發性頭痛 (23)1.偏頭痛Migraine (24)2.緊縮型頭痛Tension-type headache (TTH) (43)3.三叉自律神經頭痛Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) (50)4.其他原發性頭痛疾病Other primary headache disorders (58)二、次發性頭痛 (72)次發性頭痛介紹 (73)5.歸因於頭部及/或頸部外傷或傷害之頭痛Headache attributed to trauma or injury to the head and/or neck (74)6.歸因於頭及/或頸部血管疾患之頭痛Headache attributed to cranial and/or cervical vascular disorder (83)7.歸因於非血管性顱內疾患之頭痛Headache attributed to non-vascular intracranial disorder (111)8.歸因於物質或物質戒斷之頭痛Headache attributed to a substance or its withdrawal (128)9.歸因於感染之頭痛Headache attributed to infection (144)10.歸因於體內恆定疾患之頭痛Headache attributed to disorder of homoeostasis (154)11.歸因於頭顱、頸、眼、耳、鼻、鼻竇、牙齒、口腔或其他顏面或頸部結構疾患之頭痛或顏面痛Headache or facial pain attributed to disorder of the cranium, neck,eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cervical structure (166)12.歸因於精神疾病之頭痛Headache attributed to psychiatric disorder (178)三、疼痛性顱神經病變、其他顏面痛和其他頭痛 (182)13.顱神經疼痛性病變和其他顏面痛Painful lesions of the cranial nerves and other facial pain (183)14.其他頭痛疾病Other headache disorders (205)附錄(Appendix) (206)2ICHD-3國際頭痛疾病分類 第三版 中文版ICHD-3 3前言我很榮幸代表國際頭痛學會分類委員會，介紹國際頭痛疾病分類第三版 (ICHD-3)。
