2020职称英语新增文章：理工类B级

职称英语理工类B级阅读理解真题及答案(第三篇)第4部分：阅读理解（第31——45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个选项。

第三篇Can You Hear This?When something creates a sound wave in a room or anauditorium, listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source. They alsohear the reflections as the sound bounces off thewalls. floor, and ceiling. These are called the reflected wave or reverberant(反射)sound, which can be heard evenafter the sound is no longer coming from the source.The reverberation time of an auditorium isdetermined by the volume or interior size of the auditorium. It is alsodetermined by how well or how poorly the walls, ceiling, floor, and contents ofthe room (including the people) absorb sound. There is no ideal reverberation time,because each use of an auditorium calls for different reverberation. Speechneeds to be understood clearly; therefore rooms used for talking must have ashort reverberation time. The full-sound performance of music such ad Wagneroperas or Mahler symphonies should have a long reverberation time. The light,rapid musical passages of Bach or Mozart need a reverberation time somewherebetween.Acoustic problems often are caused by poorauditorium design. Smooth, curved reflecting surfaces create large reflections.Parallel (平行的）wallsreflect sound back and forth, creating a rapid, repetitive pulsing rge pillars (柱）and comerscan cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves try to pass around the object.Some of theseproblems can be solved by using absorbers and reflectors tochange the reverberation time of a room. For example, hanging large reflectors,called clouds, over the performers will allow some sound frequencies to reflectand others to pass to achieve a pleasing mixture of sound.41 This passage is mainly aboutA. Sound waves and their effects.B. the types of music orchestras play.C. walls of an auditorium.D.the design of an auditorium.答案：D42. Wagner operas and Mahler symphonieswith full-sound effect haveA. a short reverberation time.B. an intermediate reverberation time.C. no reverberation time.D. along reverberation time.答案：D43. This passage suggests that a goodauditorium shouldA. get rid of all reflections.B. not have absorbers.C.achieve a pleasing mixture of soundD. have smooth surfaces.答案：C44. Large pillars and corners mayA. make sound rich and full.B. be cures for sound problems.C.be sources of sound problems.D. function as effectively as clouds.答案：C45. The word” acoustic” in thelast paragraph has something to do withA. performanceB.soundC. audienceD. weather答案：B。

2020年职称英语《理工类》文章赏析5 Affectionate AndroidsComputers are now powerful enough to allow the age of humanoid robots to dawn1.And it won't be long before we will see realistic cyber companions,complete withskin,dexterity,and intelligence.They will be programmed to tend to your every need.Will we ever want to marry robots?Artificial intelligence researcher David Levy has published a book claiming human-robot relationships will become popular in the next few decades.____1____Will humans really be able to form deep emotional attachments to machines?It will,in fact,be relatively easy to form these strong attachments because the human mind loves to anthropomorphize：to give human attributes to other creatures—even objects.For example,researchers in San Diego recently put a small humanoid robot in with a toddler playgroup for several months.____2____The children ended up treating it as a fellow toddler.When it lay down because its batteries were flat，the kids even covered it with a blanket.In a few decades,when humanoid robots with plastic skin look and feel very real,will people want to formrelationships with them?What if the bots could hold a conversation?And be programmed to bethe perfect companions—soul mates,even?____3____ And like those toddlers inthe experiment,they will be very accepting of them.The next question,then,is whether there is anything wrong with having an emotional relationship with a machine.Even today there are people who form deep attachments to their pets and use them as substitutes for friends or even children.Few consider that unethical.____4____ For those who always seem to end upmarrying the wrong man or woman,a robotic Mr.or Ms.Right could be mighty tempting.As the father of artificial intelligence,Marvin Minsky,put it when asked about the ethics of lonely older people forming close relationships with robots：“If a robot had all the virtues of a person and was smarter and more understanding,why would the elderly bother talking to other grumpy old people？”A robot could be programmed to be as dumb or smart,as independent or subservient,as an owner desired.And that's the big disadvantage.Having the perfect robot partner will damage the ability to form equally deep human-humanrelationships.People will always seem imperfect incomparison.When you’re behaving badly,a goo d friend will tell you.____5____People in relationships have to learn to adapt toeach other：to enjoy their common interests and to deal with their differences.It makes us richer,stronger,and wiser.A robot companion will be perfect at the start.However,there will be nothing to move the relationship to grow to greater heights.词汇：affectionate adj.深情的dexterityn.灵巧，敏捷anthropomorphize v.赋于人性，人格化grumpy adj.脾气暴躁的cyber adj.计算机的tendv.照料bot n.机器人subservient adj.屈从的，奉承的注释：puters are now powerful enough to allow the age of humanoid robots to dawn：计算机技术已经充足成熟，能够支持人形机器人的诞生和普及，进入人形机器人的时代。

2020年职称英语理工类B级真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）1．There was something peculiar in the way he smiles.A．different B．wrong C．strange D．funny2．I have little information as regards her fitness for the post.A．at B．with C．about D．from3．She came across three children sleeping under a bridge.A．found by chance B．passed by C．took a notice of D．woke up4．The rules are too rigid to allow for humane error.A．general B．complex C．direct D．inflexible5．It seems incredible that he had been there a week already.A．unbelievable B．right C．obvious D．unclear6．She gets aggressive when she is drunk.A．worried B．sleepy C．anxious D．offensive7．Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.A．send B．hear C．spread D．confirm8．As a politician, he knows how to manipulate public opinion.A．express B．influence C．divide D．voice9．These animals migrate south annually in search of food.A．explore B．travel C．inhabit D．prefer10．He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company.A．taught B．kept C．changed D．attracted11．The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.A．cautious B．naked C．blind D．private12．Make sure the table is securely anchored.A．repaired B．cleared C．booked D．fixed13．Come out, or I’ll bust the door down.A．shut B．break C．set D．beat14．The contract between the two companies will expire soon.A．shorten B．start C．end D．resume15．He paused, waiting for her to digest the information.A．understand B．withhold C．exchange D．contact第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是准确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

XX年职称英语考试理工类(B级)试题及答案xx年度全国职称外语等级考试试卷英语(理工类B级) 第1部分：词汇选项(第1~15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.I have been trying to quit smoking.A.give upB.pick upC.build upD.take up2.Relief workers were shocked by what they saw.A.movedB.touchedC.surprisedD.worried3.The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain.A.questionB.problemC.titleD.topic4.This is not typical of English,but is a feature of the Chinese language.A.particularB.characteristicC.remarkableD.idiomatic5.It is virtually impossible to persuade him to apply for the job.A.simplyB.almostC.totallyD.pletely6.These are defensive behavior patterns which derive from our fears.A.stemB.relyC.developD.grow7.Only a small minority of the mentally ill are liable to harm themselves or others.A.easyB.possibleC.likelyD.difficult8.They have the capability to destroy the enemy in afew days.A.possibilityB.necessityC.abilityD.probability9.We have never seen such gorgeous hills.A.beautifulB.stretchingC.spreadingD.rolling10.The leaves have been swept into huge heaps.A.loadsyersC.pyramidsD.piles11.The news will horrify everyone.A.attractB.terrifyC.temptD.excite12.The article sketched the major events of the decade.A.describedB.offeredC.outlinedD.presented13.I won’t tolerate that kind of behavior.A.bearB.receiveC.admitD.take14.Their style of playing football is utterly different.A.barelyB.scarcelyC.hardlyD.totally15.Her sister urged her to apply for the job.A.advisedB.causedC.forcedD.promised。

2020年职称英语理工类B级阅读理解精选(3)Ocean Noise PollutionSome scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings.The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities. It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines. Such noises are added to natural sounds. These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves.Decibels (分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land. A noise of one hundred-twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears. In water, a decibel level of one-hundred ninety-five would have the same effect.Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one. hundred-twenty decibels in oceans. They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales (鲸鱼).A team of American and Canadian scientists discoveredthat louder noises can seriously injure some animals. The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing. This seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange information and find their way. Some of the whales even died.The explosions had caused their ears to bleed (出血) and become infected (感染).Many researchers， whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels. They say such a limit is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.41 According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?A The sound of a car.B The sound of voices.C Man-made noise pollution.D The sound of steps.42 According to the passage, natural sounds include all of the following EXCEPTA sounds made by animals themselves.B ocean drilling.C underwater, earthquakes.D the breaking of ice fields.43 Which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph?A The same noise level produces a different effect on land and in the ocean.B Different places may have different types of noises.C The decibel is not a suitable unit for measuring underwater noise.D Different ocean animals may have different reactions to noises.44 Which of the following is true of whales?A They won't be confused by noises.B They are deaf to noises.C Their ability to reproduce will be lowered by high-level noises.D Their hearing will be damaged by high-level noises.45 According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?A They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.B They will protect animals from harmful noises.C They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.D They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. B41. C Man-made noise pollution.第一段：Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings.指出了认为的噪声污染引起了海洋生物的危险。

职称英语考题理工类（B级）真题和答案第1 部分：词汇选项（第1-15 题，每题1 分，共15 分）下面每个句子中均有1 个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1 个意义最为接近的选项。

1. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives.A. effortB. problemC. influenceD.concern2. She always finds fault with everything,A criticizesB simplifiesC evaluatesD examines3.We need to extract the relevant financial data.A storeB saveC reviewD obtain4.We have to act within the existing legal framework.A limitB systemC procedureD status5.They converted the spare bedroom into an office.A reducedB turnedC movedD reformed6. Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do .A doubtingB thinkingC sayingD knowing7. Mr.Henley has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year.A.heldB.expectC offered.D increased8.His shoes were shined to perfection.A .clearedB polishedC washedD mended9. We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.A.offered B includedC acceptedD investigated10.At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.A giveB understandC attachD lose11.The view from my bedroom window was absolutelyspectacular.A generalB traditionalCmagnificent Dstrong12.Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer.A reportedB admittedC hoped Danswered13.The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A relativeB generalC continuousD sharp14. Jane said that she couldn’t tolerate the long hours.A spendB takeC lastD stand15.The police believe the motive for the murder was money. （红色部分单词待定，不影响答案）A reason BchoiceC ideaD decision第2 部分：阅读判断（第16-22 题，每题1 分，共7 分）下面的短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

2020年职称英语理工类B级阅读判断专项测试及答案解析第一篇Dining CustomEvery land has its own dining custom, and the UnitedStates is no exception. Americans feel that the first rule of being a polite guest is to be on time. Ifa person is invitedto dinner at 6：30, the hostess expects him to be there at 6：30 or not more than a few minutes after. Because she usually does her own cooking, she times the meal so that the coffee and meat will be at their best at the time she asks the guest to come. If he is late, the food will not be so good, and the hostess will be disappointed. When the guest can not come on time, he calls his host or hostess on the telephone,gives the reason, and tells at what time he thinks he can come.As guests continue to arrive, the men in the group stand when a woman enters and remain standing until she found a chair. A man always rises when he is being introduced to a woman. A woman does not rise when she is being introduced either to a man or a woman unless the woman is much older.When the guests sit down at a dinner table, it is customary for the men to help the ladies by pushing their chairs under them.Even an American may be confused by the number of knives, forks, and spoons besides his plate when he sits down to a formal dinner. The rule is simple, however： use them in theorder in which they lie, beginning from the outside, or watch the hostess and do what she does. The small fork on the outside on the left is for salad, which is often served with the soup. The spoon on butter spreader, on a small bread-and-butter plate at the left. As the bread is passed, each guest puts hispiece on the bread-and-butter plate.1. As a country of immigrants, the U.S. does not have its own dinning customs.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned2. The guest is expected to arrive on time because the coffee and meat will be at their best at the time he is required to come.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned3. A woman usually rises when she is being introduced to an aged gentleman.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned4. At a dinner table, it is customary for the men to arrange chairs for ladies.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned5. At formal American dinner, the knives, forks, and spoons besides the plate are placed in a certain order.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned6. The right order to use the knives, forks and spoons ata formal dinner is from the left to the right.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned7. At a formal dinner, bread is usually served together with salad and soup.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned第二篇Computer Mouse。

2020年职称英语理工类B级阅读判断历年真题及答案2020年真题ADHD finked to Air PollutantsChildren have an increased of attention problems seen as early as grade school. If their noses inhaled ( 吸入) a certain type of air pollution when they were pregnant. That's the finding of a new study, released when things aren't burned completely, this pollution is known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of PAHs.The biggest sources of these PAHs： the bruning offossile fuels, wood and trash. Frederica Perera works at Columbia University's Mailman School of public Health is Ne York City. She and her team studied the xposure to air pollution of 233 nonsmoking pregant women in New York City.Because burning tobacco can spew (排放) PAHs into the air and lungs. Perera's team focused on nonsmokers.The researchers investigated signs of attention problems in those children, now age 9. They asked each child's mother a series of questions. These included wahtever her child had problems doing things that needed sustained(长期的 )mental effort, such as homework or games with friends.The scientists also asked if the kids had trouble following instructions or made grequent, careless mistakes. All of these can be sumptoms of a disorder called Attention Deficit Hyperactiviety Disorder, or ADHD. About one in U.S. children has ADHD. Among the women stueied traffic and homeheating were the primary sources of air pollution exposure. Perera and her team suspect.Some of these women had low levels of PAHs in their bolld. Others had ghigh levels. Those with high levels were fivetimes as likely to have dhilren who showed attention problems by age 9. The new findings were published November 5 in the journal PLOS ONE.16. Perera and her team chose nonsmiking pregnant womenall over America.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned17. The main purpose of the research was to find out how exposure to PAHs played a role in harming the subjects' physical health.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned18. Nonsmoking mothers were selected because the effectof smoking on PAHs was unclear.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19. The blood of each woman was tested once a month during pregnancy.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned20. Kids with ADHD commonly fail in school.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned21. The women with high levels of PAHs in their blood were more likely to have kids with ADHD.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned22. Traffic and home heating were considered to be the biggest sources of PAHs for the subjects in the research.A..RightB. WrongD. Not mentioned2020年真题So Many "Earths"。

2020年职称英语理工类B级完形填空(1) Avalanche and Its SafetyAn avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow, often mixed with air and water, down a mountainside. Avalanches are among the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.All avalanches are caused by an over-burden of material, typically snowpack, that is too massive and unstable for the slope that supports it. Determining the critical load, the amount of over-burden which is likely to cause an avalanche, is a complex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors.Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees or steeper than 60 degrees typically have a low risk of avalanche. Snow does not gather significantly on steep slopes; also, snow does not flow easily on flat slopes. Human-triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snow's angle of rest is between 35 and 45 degrees; the critical angle, the angle at which the human incidence of avalanches is greatest, is 38 degrees. The rule of thumb is： A slope that is flat enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche, regardless of the angle. Additionally, avalanche risk increases with use; that is, the more a slope is disturbed by skiers, the more likely it is that an avalanche will occur.Due to the complexity of the subject, winter travellingin the backcountry is never 100% safe. Good avalanche safety is a continuous process, including route selection andexamination of the snowpack, weather conditions, and human factors. Several well-known good habits can also reduce the risk. If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports, they should be considered and all warnings should be paidattention to. Never follow in the tracks of others withoutyour own evaluations; snow conditions are almost certain to have changed since they were made. Observe the terrain andnote obvious avalanche paths where plants are missing or damaged. Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche.雪崩和安全问题雪崩是雪掺杂着空气和水沿着山体突然迅猛地滑动造成的。

2020 年职称英语理工类 B 级真题及答案（完整版）第1 部分：词汇选项（第1——15 题，每题 1 分，共15 分）下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定 1 个意义最为接近的选项。

1. The revelationof his past led to his resignation.A. imaginationB. disclosureC. confirmationD.recall答案为B. revelation( 揭露) –disclosure( 揭露)2. Jensenis a dangerous man, and can be very brutal.A. carelessB. cruelC. strongD.hard答案为B. brutal( 残忍的) –cruel3. You ’llhave to sprint if you want to catch the train.A. jumpB.escapeC. runD.prepare答案为C. sprint ( 快速奔跑) –run( 奔跑)4. We areworried about this fluid situation full withuncertainty.A. changeableB. stableC. suitableD.adaptable答案为A. fluid( 不稳定的) –changeable ( 易变的)5. Thenew garment fits her perfectly.A. haircutB.purseC. clothesD.necklace答案为C. garment( 衣服) –clothes( 衣服)6. Thephobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.A. fearB.joyC. hurtD.memory答案为C. trauma( 精神上的创伤)–hurt ( 感情上的伤心或痛苦)7. Theyhave to build canals to irrigate the desert.A. decorateB. waterC. changeD.visit答案为B. irrigate( 灌溉)–water(给⋯浇水)8. Heroverall language proficiency remains that of atoddler.A. disabledB.pupilC. teenagerD. baby答案为D. toddler( 学步的儿童) –baby (婴儿)9. Thecoastal area has very mild winter, but the centralplains remainextremely cold.A. warmB.severeC. hardD.dry答案为A. mild( 温暖的) –warm( 温暖的)10. Thedetails of the costume were totally authentic.A. realB. outstandingC. creativeD. false答案为A. authentic( 逼真的) –real ( 逼真的)11. Weare aware of the potential problems.A. globalB. possibleC. ongoingD.central答案为B. potential( 可能的)- possible( 可能的)12. Theidea was quite brilliant.A. positiveB. cleverC. keyD. original答案为B. brilliant( 绝妙的) –clever ( 聪明的)13. Stockmarket price tumbled after rumor of a rise ininterest rate.A. regulatedB. increasedC. maintainedD. fell答案为C. tumbled( 暴跌) –fell( 下降)14. Thecourse gives you basic instructions in car maintenance.A. coachingB. ideaC. termD. aspect答案为A. instructions ( 指导说明) —coaching （教导）15. Allhouses within 100 metres of the seas at risk offlooding.A. in dangerB. out of controlC. between equalsD. in particular答案为A indanger of （处于危险中）—at risk of （处于风险中）第2 部分：阅读判断（第 1 6——22 题，每题 1 分，共7 分）下面的短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是准确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

2020年职称英语考试真题及答案：理工B完形填空2020年职称英语考试真题及答案：理工B完形填空据网友提供信息，2020年职称英语考试理工B完形填空来自于教材中阅读理解第29篇，I’ll Be Bach。

各位考友能够参考原文，比对答案。

以下为理工教材原文：第二十九篇I’ll Be BachComposer David Cope is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classical music. It took Cope 30 years to develop the software. Now most people can’t tell the difference between music by the famous German composer J. S. Bach1 (1685-1750) and the Bach-like compositions from Cope’s computer.It all started in 1980 in the United States, when Cope was trying to write an opera. He was having trouble thinking of new melodies, so he wrote a computer program to create the melodies. At first this music was not easy to listen to. What did Cope do? He began to rethink how human beings compose music. He realized that composers，brains work like big databases.First, they take in all the music that they have ever heard. Then they take out the music that they dislike. Finally, they make new music from what is left. According to Cope, only the great composers are able to create the database accurately, remember it, and form new musical patterns from it.Cope built a huge database of existing music. He beganwith hundreds of works by Bach. The software analyzed the data：it broke it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns. It then combined the pieces into newpatterns.Before long, the program could compose short Bach-like works. They weren’tgood, but it was a start.Cope knew he had more work to do-he had a whole opera to write. He continued to improve the software. Soon it could analyze more complex music. He also added many other composers, including his own work,to the database.A few years later，Cope’s computer program, called “Emmy”，was ready to help him with his opera. The process required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy. Cope listened to the computer’s musical ideas and used the ones that he liked. With Emmy, the opera took only two weeksto finish. It was called Cradle Falling, and it was a great success! Cope received some of the best reviews of his career, but no one knew exactly how he had composed the work.Since that first opera, Emmy has written thousands of compositions. Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn’t like of her music, but she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days!完形填空答案（网友版）51.people can`t+tell52.was having++trouble53.was not++easyposer`s brains++work55.they take++out56.what is++left57cope built++huge58.;it++brokebined the++pieces60.it could++collect61.The++processed the++ones63.a great++success64.knew exactly++how65.her music++so更多推荐：更多推荐：。

Common Questions about DreamsDoes everyone dream?Yes. Research shows that we all dream. We have our most vivid dreams during a type of sleep called Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep. During REM sleep, the brain is very active. The eyes move quickly back and forth under the lids, and the large muscles of the body are relaxed. REM sleep occurs every 90-100 minutes, three to four times a night, and it lasts longer as the night goes on. ___1___ We dream at other times during the night, too, but those dreams are less vivid. Do people remember their dreams?A few people remember their dreams. However, most people forget nearly everything that happened during the night —dreams, thoughts, and the short periods of time when they were awake. ___2___ It seems that the memory of the dream is not totally lost, but for some reason it is very hard to bring it back. If you want to remember your dream，the best thing to do is to write it down as soon as you wake up.Are dreams in color?Most dreams are in color. However, people may not be aware of it for two reasons ：They don’t usually remember the details of their dreams, or they don’t notice the color because it is such a natural part of our lives. ___3___Do dreams have meaning?Scientists continue to debate this issue. ___4___ Some people use dreams to help them learn more about their feelings, thoughts, behavior, motives, and values. Others find that dreams can help them solve problems. It’s also true that artists, writers, and scientists often get creative ideas from dreams.How can I learn to understand my dreams?The most important thing to remember is that your dreams are personal. The people, actions, and situations in your dreams reflect your experience, your thoughts, and your feelings. Some dream experts believe that there are certain types of dreams that many people have，even if they come from different cultures or time periods. Usually, however, the same dream will have different meanings for different people. For example, an elephant in a dream may mean one thing to a zookeeper and something very different to a child whose favorite toy is a stuffed elephant. ___5___ Then look for links between your dreams and what is happening in your daily life. If you think hard and you are patient, perhaps the meaning of your dreams will become clearer to you.词汇：vivid /'vivid/ adj. 清晰的，生动的，逼真的lid /lid/ n. 眼睑（=eyelid)motive /məutiv/ n. 动机stuffed /stʌft/ adj. 填充的，塞满了的注释：1. back and forth：来回地，反复地。

2020年职称英语教材新增文章（理工类）第二篇 Baby TalkBabies normally start to talk when they are 13 to 15 months old. Ryan Jones is only eight months old, but he is already “talking” with his parents. When lie is hungry, he opens and closes his hand. This means milk. He also knows the signs for his favorite toy and the word more.(环球网校2020年职称英语理工类教材新增文章汇总)Ryan is not deaf, and his parents are not deaf, but his mother and father are teaching him to sign. They say a word and make a sign at the same time. They repeat this again and again. When 1 Ryan’s paren ts think that he will be a happier baby because he can communicate with them.Ryan s parents are teaching Ryan to sign because of a man named Joseph Garcia. Although Garcia was not from a deaf family, he decided to learn American Sign Language (ASL). First, he took courses in ASL. Then he got a job helping deaf people communicate with hearing people. In his work, he saw many deaf parents sign to their infants. He noticed thatthese babies were able to communicate much earlier thanhearing children. 2 When they were one year old, they could use as many as 50 signs.Garcia decided to try something new. He taught ASL to parents who were not deaf. The families started to teachsigns to their infants when they were six or seven months old.3 More and more par ents took Garcia’s ASL classes. Like Ryan’s family, they were excited about signing with their babies. They wanted to give their babies a way to communicatebefore they could use spoken words.(环球网校2020年职称英语理工类教材新增文章汇总)Some people worry about signing to babies. They areafraid that these babies won’t feel a need to talk. Maybe they will develop spoken language later than other babies. 4 In fact, one study found just the opposite. Signing babies actually learned to speak earlier than other children. Asthey grow older, these children are more interested in books. They also score higher on intelligence tests1.There is still a big question for parents： Which are the best signs to teach their babies? Some parents make their own signs. Other parents want to teach ASL. 5 There，s no clear answer, but we do know this： All signing babies and their families are talking quite a lot!词汇：normally Aid：m(a)li/adv.正常地;通常地，一般地 infant/'infant / n.婴儿;幼儿;未成年人 communicate /kafmju：nikeit/ 通信;交流;感染 opposite /bpazit/ adj.相反的;n.对立面，反义词注释：1 intelligence test：智力测试练习：A However, research does not show this.B All parents want to teach babies to sign.C Ryan learns a new sign, his family is very excited.D These babies started using signs about two months later.E It can be useful because many people understand it.F They talked with signs by the time they were eight months old.第三篇Common Questions about DreamsDoes everyone dream?Yes. Research shows that we all dream. We have our most vivid dreams during a type of sleep called Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep. During REM sleep, the brain is very active. The eyes move quickly back and forth1 under the lids, and the large muscles of the body are relaxed. REM sleep occurs every 90-100 minutes, three to four times a night, and it lasts longer as the night goes on. 1 We dream at other times during the night, too, but those dreams are less vivid.Do people remember their dreams?A few people remember their dreams. However, most people forget nearly everything that happened during the night 一dreams, thoughts, and the short periods of time when they were awake.(环球网校2020年职称英语理工类教材新增文章汇总)2 It seems that the memory of the dream is not totally lost，but for some reason it is very hard to bring it back2. If you want to remember your dream, the best thing to do is to write it down as soon as you wake up.Are dreams in color?Most dreams are in color. However, people may not be aware of it for two reasons ： They don，t usually remember。

2016年职称英语等级考试教材短文及译文（理工类B级）目录第二部分阅读判断第一篇Inventor of LED第二篇El Nino第三篇Smoking第四篇Engineering Ethics第五篇Recue Platform* 第六篇Microchip Research Center Created* 第七篇Moderate Earthquake Strikes England* 第八篇What is dream* 第九篇Dangers Await Babies with Altitude* 第十篇Thy biology of music第三部分概括大意和完成句子第一篇More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing第二篇Soot and Snow: a Hot Combination第三篇Icy Microbes第四篇Compact Disks第五篇LED Lighting* 第六篇How We Form First Impression* 第七篇Screen Test* 第八篇The Mir Space Station* 第九篇More Rural Research Is Needed* 第十篇Washoe Learned American Sign Language第四部阅读理解第一篇Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles第二篇World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict第三篇Citizen Scientists第四篇Motoring Technology第五篇Late-Night Drinking第六篇Making Light of Sleep第七篇Sugar Power for Cell Phones第八篇Eiffel Is an Eyeful第九篇An Essential Scientific Process第十篇Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their Brothers第十一篇When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach第十二篇Florida Hit by Cold Air Mass第十三篇Invisibility Ring第十四篇Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers第十五篇Winged Robot Learns to Fly第十六篇Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth*第十七篇A Sunshade for the Planet*第十八篇Thirst for Oil*第十九篇Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener Experience*第二十篇Explorer of the Extreme Deep*第二十一篇Plant Gas*第二十二篇Real-World Robots*第二十三篇Powering a City? It's a Breeze.*第二十四篇Underground Coal Fires -- a Looming Catastrophe*第二十五篇Eat to Live*第二十六篇Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently*第二十七篇Driven to Distraction*第二十八篇Sleep Lets Brain File Memories*第二十九篇I will Be Bach*第三十篇Digital Realm*第三十一篇Hurricane Katrina*第三十二篇Mind-reading Machine*第三十三篇Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive 第五部分补全短文第一篇Mobile phones第二篇Baby Talk (2016新增)第三篇Common Questions About Dreams (2016新增)第四篇The Bilingual Brain第五篇 A Record-BreakingRover* 第六篇The Apgar Test (2016新增)* 第七篇Ice Cream Taster Has Sweet Job (2016新增)* 第八篇Watching Microcurrents Flow* 第九篇Lightening Strikes* 第十篇How deafiness Makes It Easier to Hear第六部分完型填空第一篇Captain Cook Arrow Legend第二篇Avalanche and Its Safety第三篇Giant Structures第四篇Animal's "Sixth Sense"第五篇Singing Alarms Could Save the Blind* 第六篇Car Thieves Could Be Stopped Remotely* 第七篇An Intelligent Car* 第八篇Why India Needs Its Dying Vultures* 第九篇Wonder Webs* 第十篇Chicken Soup for the Soul：Comfort Food Fights Loneliness第一篇 Inventor of LEDWhen Nick Holonyak set out to create a new kind of visible lighting using semiconductor alloys, his colleagues thought he was unrealistic. Today, his discovery of light-emitting diodes, or 1 LEDs, are used ineverything from DVDs to alarm clocks to airports. Dozens of his students have continued his work, developing lighting used in traffic lights and other everyday technology.On April 23, 2004, Holonyak received the $500,000 Lemelson-MIT Prize at a ceremony in Washington.This marks the 10th year that the Lemelson-MIT Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has given the award to prominent inventors.“Any time you get an award, big or little 2, it’s always a surprise.” Holonyak said.Holonyak, 75, was a student of John Bardeen, an inventor of the transistor, in the early 1950s. After graduate school 3, Holonyak worked at Bell Labs. He later went to General Electric 4, where he invented a switch now widely used in house dimmer switches 5.Later, Holonyak started looking into how semiconductors could be used to generate light. But while hiscolleagues were looking at how to generate invisible light, he wanted to generate visible light. The LEDs he invented in 1962 now last about 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs, and are more environmentallyfriendly and cost effective.Holonyak, now a professor of electrical and computer engineering and physics at the University of Illinois, said he suspected that LEDs would become as commonplace as they are today, but didn’t realize how many uses they would have.“You don’t know in the beginning. You think you’re doing something important, you think it’s worthdoing, but you really can’t tell what the big payoff is going to be, and when, and how. You just don’t know.” he said.The Lemelson-MIT Program also recognized Edith Flanigen, 75, with the $100,000 Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award for her work on a new generation of “molecular sieves,” that can separate molecules by size.第一篇 LED 的发明者当 Nick Holonyak 着手用半导体含金创造一种新的可视照明设备的时候，同事们都认为他不现实。

2020 年职称英语理工类 B 级真题及答案（完整版）第 1 部分：词汇选项（第1—— 15 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分）下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定 1 个意义最为接近的选项。

1.The revelationof his past led to his resignation.A. imaginationB. disclosureC. confirmationD.recall答案为 B. revelation(揭露)–disclosure(揭露)2.Jensenis a dangerous man, and can be very brutal.A. carelessB. cruelC. strongD.hard答案为 B. brutal(残忍的)–cruel3.You ’llhave to sprint if you want to catch the train.A. jumpB.escapeC. runD.prepare答案为 C. sprint (快速奔跑)–run(奔跑)4.We areworried about this fluid situation fullwith uncertainty.A. changeableB. stableC. suitableD.adaptable答案为 A. fluid(不稳定的)–changeable (易变的)5.Thenew garment fits her perfectly.A. haircutB.purseC. clothesD.necklace答案 C. garment( 衣服 ) – clothes(衣服)6.Thephobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.A. fearB.joyC. hurtD.memory答案 C. trauma( 精神上的 )–hurt (感情上的心或痛苦)7.Theyhave to build canals to irrigate the desert.A. decorateB. waterC. changeD.visit答案 B. irrigate(灌)–water(⋯ 水)8.Heroverall language proficiency remains that of atoddler.A. disabledB.pupilC. teenagerD. baby答案 D. toddler(学步的儿童)–baby (儿)9.Thecoastal area has very mild winter, but thecentral plains remainextremely cold.A. warmB.severeC. hardD.dry答案 A. mild(温暖的)–warm(温暖的)10.Thedetails of the costume were totally authentic.A. realB. outstandingC. creativeD. false答案为 A. authentic(逼真的)–real (逼真的)11.Weare aware of the potential problems.A. globalB. possibleC. ongoingD.central答案为 B. potential(可能的)- possible(可能的)12.Theidea was quite brilliant.A. positiveB. cleverC. keyD. original答案为 B. brilliant(绝妙的)–clever (聪明的)13.Stockmarket price tumbled after rumor of a rise in interest rate.A. regulatedB. increasedC. maintainedD. fell答案为 C. tumbled( 暴跌 ) –fell(下降)14.Thecourse gives you basic instructions in car maintenance.A. coachingB. ideaC. termD. aspect答案为 A. instructions (指导说明)—coaching（教导）15.Allhouses within 100 metres of the seas at risk offlooding.A. in dangerB. out of controlC. between equalsD. in particular答案为 A indanger of （处于危险中）—at risk of （处于风险中）第 2 部分：阅读判断（第16—— 22 题，每题 1 分，共7 分）下面的短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是准确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。