休息经济学试卷A
- 格式:pdf
- 大小:223.59 KB
- 文档页数:5
西方经济学期末考试试卷(A卷)一、单项选择题(每题0.5分,共15分,将正确答案填入答题纸上)1.看不见的手一般指()DA 、机会成本B 、政府C 、利润D 、价格2.经济学中的“稀缺性”是指()BA 世界上大多数人生活在贫困中B 、相对于资源的需求而言,资源总是不足的C 用资源必须考虑下一代D 、世界上的资源终将被人类消耗光3.如果x 与y 商品是互补品,x价格下降,将使y ()BA 、需求量增加B 、需求增加C 、需求量减少D 、需求减少4.冰棒的需求价格弹性()药品的需求价格弹性AA 、大于B 、小于C 、等于D 、大于或等于5.下列命题中哪个是规范经济学的命题?()AA.征税对中等收入家庭是不公平的B.1982年8月政府把贴现率降到10%C.1981年失业率超过9%D.社会保险税的课税依据现已超过30000美元6.如果消费者的预算收入为50美元,商品X 和Y 的价格均为5美元,消费者打算购买6单位X 和4单位Y ,商品X 、Y的边际效用分别为25和20,那么,要达到效用最大化,他应该()DA 、按原计划购买B 、减少X 和Y 的购买量C 、增加X 、Y的购买量D 、增加X 的同时减少Y 的量7.消费者预算线发生平移时,连接消费者均衡点的曲线称为()CA 、需求曲线;B 、价格-消费曲线;C 、收入-消费曲线;D 、恩格尔曲线。
8.当某人面对一张彩票时,如果是212111UW P W PU W P PW U )()(])([,则意味着这个人是属于下列哪一类人()BA .风险回避者B .风险喜爱者C .风险中立者D .都不是9.如果某厂商增加一单位劳动使用量能够减少三单位资本,而仍生产同样的产出量,则MRTS L K 为:()BA 1/3B 3C -3D 610.MC 曲线达到最低时()AA MP 最大B AVC 最小C TC 最大D AC 最小11.某厂商每年从企业的总收入中取出一部分作为自己所提供的生产要素的报酬,这部分资金被视为()。
《经济学原理A卷》期末考试试卷附答案一、名词解释(每题2分,共10分)1. 需求的价格弹性2.无差异曲线3. 等产量线4. 边际产品价值5. 国内生产总值二、判断正误(每题1分,共10分)1. 宏观经济学主要以单个经济单位(单个的生产者、单个的消费者、单个市场的经济活动)作为研究对象,分析单个生产者如何将有限的资源分配在各种商品的生产上以取得最大的利润。
( )2. 均衡价格由需求与供给共同决定,影响需求和供给的其他因素发生变动时,都会使原有的均衡被打破,从而建立新的均衡。
()3. 基数效用论的基本观点是:效用是可以计量并加总求和的,消费者消费某一物品所得到的满足程度可以用效用单位来进行衡量。
()4. 长期平均成本是厂商在长期中在各种产量水平上通过改变生产要素的投入量所能达到的最低总成本。
( )5. 超额利润又叫经济利润或纯粹利润,是超过成本部分的收益。
( )6. 收入分配越是不平等,洛伦茨曲线就越是凸向横轴。
()7. 总供给函数被定义为对产量(收入)的需求和价格水平之间的关系。
它表示在某个特定的价格水平下,社会需要多大数量的产量(收入)。
()8. 宏观经济政策的首要目标是充分就业。
()9. 停滞膨胀是指高通货膨胀率与高物价率并存的一种经济现象,简称滞胀。
()10. 成本推动的通货膨胀也称供给通货膨胀,认为通货膨胀的根源在于总供给方面生产成本的上升。
因为在通常情况下,商品的价格是以生产成本为基础,加上一定的利润而构成。
因此产品成本的上升必然导致一般物价水平普遍和持续的上涨。
( )三、填空(每空2分,共20分)1.一国价格水平变化产生的三个效应是()、()、()。
2. 一个经济社会中造成失业的原因很多,根据个人主观愿意就业与否,失业分为()和()。
3. 价格水平高低则是通过各种价格指数来衡量的,一般常用的价格指数有以下三种:()、()和()。
4. 国内生产总值的核算方法主要有支出法、()和()三种统计方法或统计途径。
试题卷一、分析(fēnxī)选择(xuǎnzé)题(从备选答案(dáàn)中选择合适选项,填入相应空格,没有合适选项的可以(kěyǐ)自填合适内容。
每空1分,共22分)1、增加利息税,利息收入(1),对私人储蓄的激励是(2),从而可贷资金供给(3),使可贷资金供给曲线(4),这(5)了利率,(6)了借贷成本,(7)了投资。
如果政府增加预算赤字,则(8)了可贷资金的供给。
A.增加B.减少C.负向激励D.正向激励E.右移F.左移G.供给H.需求2、如果毕业时很幸运,什么工作都缺人,你可以继续从事会计本行,也可以挑战公务员。
公务员更多面临的是人才市场上(9)专业人才的竞争,而会计更多面临的是(10)专业人才之间的竞争。
因此,公务员的供给弹性更(11),且更可能比公务员需求弹性(12),会计的需求弹性更(13),且更可能比会计的供给弹性(14)。
当同样征收5%的工资税时,(15)个人分摊的部分更多,而其所在单位分摊的比例更少,因此单位更愿意录用这类人才,从而导致这类人才需求增加,而一个有效率的劳动市场应该是(16)更为明确的市场。
补贴效应与征税(17),如果危机时期公务员补贴更高,会导致公务员的需求曲线(18)。
A.会计B.公务员C.大D.小E.增加F.减少G. 专业化分工H.复合型需求I.右移J.左移K.不变L.类似M.相反3、设某国只生产甲乙两种产品,其生产可能性边界有ABCD四种可能,如下图所示。
其中图(19)所示的甲产品机会成本递增,图(20)所示的乙产品机会成本更高。
生产可能性边界内的点(21),边界外的点(22)。
A.有效率B.最有效率C.效率低D.不可能实现E.A图F.B图G.C图H.D图二、单项选择题(每题1分,共10分)1、外部性主要是指一个人的行为对()福利的影响。
A.旁观者B.公众C.邻居D.下属员工2、稀缺性更多是指()的有限性。
A.市场资源B.资金C.市场机会D. 社会资源3、在经济循环流量图中,家庭往往是()的拥有者。
西方经济学模拟试题(A卷)一、选择题(共20小题,每题1 分,共计20分)正确答案填入下表中题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10选项 C B D A D B B C A D题号11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 选项 C D B B A B D D D C1.需求的变动与需求量的变动( C )A.概念相同;B.产生原因相同;C.需求的变化由价格以外其他因素引起,需求量的变化由价格因素引起;D.需求的变化由价格因素引起,需求量的变化由价格以外其他因素引起;2.下列因素不会使需求曲线移动的是( B )A.购买者偏好改变;B.商品价格下降;C.其他有关商品价格下降;D.消费者收入上升;3.如果需求的减少和供给的增加同时发生,( D )。
A.均衡价格将上升,均衡交易量的变化无法确定B.均衡价格和均衡交易量都将上升C.均衡价格和均衡交易量都将下降D.均衡价格将下降,均衡交易量的变化无法确定4.两种相关的常规商品,其中一种商品价格发生变化时,这两种商品的需求量呈同方向变化,则两种商品的需求交叉弹性系数为( A )。
A.正B.负C.0D.15.假如生产某种物品所需原料价格下降了,则这种商品的( D )。
A.需求曲线向左方移动。
B.供给曲线向左方移动。
C.需求曲线向右方移动。
D.供给曲线向右方移动。
6.基数效用与序数效用的主要差异在于两种商品的( B )A.边际替代率是否递增;B.边际替代率是否递减;C.效用是否可加;D.边际替代率是否不变。
7.当总效用增加时,边际效用应该( B ):A.为正值,且不断增加;B.为正值,但不断减少;C.为负值,且不断增加;D.为负值,且不断减少;8.下列说法中正确的是( C )。
A.生产要素的边际技术替代率递减是规模报酬递减造成的B.边际收益递减是规模报酬递减造成的C.规模报酬递减是边际收益递减造成的D.生产要素的边际技术替代率递减是边际收益递减造成的9.长期平均成本曲线呈“U”型的原因与( A )有关。
西方经济学期末a卷试题及答案一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 西方经济学中,需求曲线通常表现为:A. 向上倾斜的直线B. 向下倾斜的曲线C. 水平的直线D. 向右倾斜的曲线答案:B2. 边际效用递减原理是指:A. 随着消费量的增加,每增加一单位商品带来的满足感增加B. 随着消费量的增加,每增加一单位商品带来的满足感减少C. 随着消费量的增加,总效用不变D. 随着消费量的增加,总效用增加答案:B3. 在完全竞争市场中,企业是:A. 价格制定者B. 价格接受者C. 价格垄断者D. 价格领导者答案:B4. 经济中的通货膨胀是指:A. 货币供应量增加B. 货币供应量减少C. 物价水平持续上升D. 物价水平持续下降答案:C5. 货币政策的主要工具包括:A. 利率B. 税收C. 政府支出D. 以上都不是答案:A6. 公共物品的特点不包括:A. 非排他性B. 非竞争性C. 私人生产D. 公共提供答案:C7. 经济中的失业类型包括:A. 摩擦性失业B. 结构性失业C. 周期性失业D. 全部都是答案:D8. 经济中的GDP是指:A. 国内生产总值B. 国内生产净值C. 国民生产总值D. 国民生产净值答案:A9. 经济中的总供给曲线通常表现为:A. 向上倾斜的曲线B. 向下倾斜的曲线C. 水平的直线D. 向右倾斜的曲线答案:B10. 经济中的财政政策包括:A. 货币政策B. 税收政策C. 政府支出D. 以上都是答案:D二、简答题(每题10分,共40分)1. 简述需求弹性的概念及其影响因素。
答案:需求弹性是指需求量对价格变化的敏感程度,即价格变化1%时需求量变化的百分比。
影响需求弹性的因素包括商品的替代品数量、商品在消费者预算中所占的比重、消费者的收入水平以及消费者对商品的偏好等。
2. 描述完全竞争市场的特点。
答案:完全竞争市场的特点包括:市场上有大量的买家和卖家,产品是同质的,所有参与者都有完全的信息,进入和退出市场没有障碍,没有交易成本,且没有单个买家或卖家能够影响市场价格。
《宏观经济学》试卷A注意:请在答题纸上作答,考试时间120分钟,可以翻阅纸质字典,不得携带电子词典及手机等。
Part 1: Single Choice (40×1′=40′)1. Macroeconomics is the study of ( ) a. market regulation. b. money and financial markets. c. economy-wide phenomena. d. how households and firms make decisions and how they interact.2. National income is defined as ( ) a. all income produced within a country. b. the income received by the national government. c. the total income earned by a nation’s residents f rom the production of goods and services within the borders of the country. d. the total income earned by a nation’s residents in the production of goods and services.3. The best measure of a country’s production of goods and services is ( ) a. real GDP. b. real NNP. c. nominal GDP. d. nominal GNP.4. GDP is used as the basic measure of a society’s economic well -being. A better measure of the economic well-being of individuals in society is ( ) a. the consumption component of GDP. b. GDP per person. c. government expenditures per person. d. the level of business investment.5. The inflation rate is defined as the ( ) a. cost of inflation. b. cost of borrowing. c. percentage change in real GDP from the previous period. d. percentage change in the price level from the previous period.6. If the nominal interest rate is 8% and rate of inflation is 2%, the real interest rate is ( ) a. 16%. b. 10%. c. 6%. d. 4%.7. What is the purpose of measuring the overall level of prices in the economy? ( ) a. to allow consumers to know what kinds of prices to expect in the future b. to allow the measurement of GDP c. to allow comparison between dollar figures from different points in time d. All of the above are correct.8. A COLA automatically raises the wage rate when ( ) a. real GDP increases. b. the labor force increases.c. taxes increase.d. the consumer price index increases.9. A certificate of indebtedness that specifies the obligations of the borrower to the holder is called a ( ) a. stock. b. mutual fund. c. bond. d. All of the above are correct. 10. Stock indexes are ( ) a. reports in the newspapers that report on the price of the stock and earnings of individual corporations over time. b. the average of a group of stock prices. c. measures of the risk relative to the profitability of corporations. d. measures of the price of a stock relative to its risk.11. If Congress raised the tax on interest income, investment ( ) a. and saving would increase. b. and saving would decrease. c. would increase and saving would decrease. d. would decrease and saving would increase. 12. An increase in the budget deficit shifts the ( ) a. demand for loanable funds left. b. demand for loanable funds right. c. supply of loanable funds left. d. supply of loanable funds right.13. Which of the following beliefs would make someone less likely to oppose government deficits? ( ) a. The return on private investment is higher than the return on public investment. b. Taxes considerably distort private decision making. c. The demand for loanable funds curve is very steep. d. All of the above would make someone less likely to oppose government deficits.14. Which of the following people is counted as unemployed according to official statistics? ( ) a. Nancy, who is on temporary layoff b. Gary, who has retired and is not looking for work c. Brian, a full-time student who is not looking for work d. All of the above are correct.15. The natural rate of unemployment is ( ) a. zero percent. b. the rate associated with the highest possible level of GDP. c. created primarily by short-run fluctuations in real GDP. d. the amount of unemployment that the economy normally experiences. 16. Sectoral shifts in the economy ( ) a. create structural unemployment. b. immediately reduce unemployment. c. on net leave unemployment unchanged. d. increase unemployment due to job search. 17. Minimum wage laws ( )院系: 专业班级: 姓名: 学号:装 订 线a. probably reduce teenage employment.b. are probably the major cause of natural unemployment.c. probably most adversely affect skilled workers.d. All of the above are correct.18. Angela is the newly appointed CEO of a company that manufactures computer chips on an assembly line. Her staff has told her that given productivity numbers, they suspect some workers may be shirking. According to efficiency wage theory, what should she do? ( ) a. Pay all workers more than the equilibrium wage rate. b. Reward those who shirk with higher wages. c. Pay below the equilibrium wage rate to make up for the loss from shirking. d. Make sure that workers are getting paid exactly the equilibrium wage rate.19. Which of the following best illustrates the unit of account function of money? ( ) a. You list prices for candy sold on your Web site, , in dollars. b. You pay for tickets to a WNBA game with dollars. c. You keep $10 in your backpack for emergencies. d. None of the above is correct. 20. M1 includes ( ) a. savings deposits. b. money market deposit accounts. c. currency. d. All of the above are correct.21. The Federal Open-market Committee is made up of ( ) a. 5 of the 12 presidents of the Federal Reserve Regional banks, and the 7 members of the Board of Governors. b. the 12 presidents of the Federal Reserve Regional banks, and the Chair of the Board of Governors. c. the 12 presidents of the Federal Reserve Regional banks, and the 7 members of the Board of Governors. d. 7 of the 12 presidents of the Federal Reserve Regional banks, and the 5 members of the Board of Governors.22. If banks choose to hold more excess reserves, ( ) a. required reserves in the banking system increase. b. the money multiplier will increase. c. the discount rate will increase. d. the money supply falls.23. The Fed can influence unemployment in ( ) a. the short run, but not the long run. b. the short and long run. c. the long run, but not the short run. d. neither the short nor long run.24. When the price level rises, the number of dollars needed to buy a representative basket of goods ( ) a. decreases, so the value of money rises. b. decreases, so the value of money falls. c. increases, so the value of money rises.d. increases, so the value of money falls.25. If velocity and output were nearly constant, ( ) a. the inflation rate would be much higher than the money supply growth rate. b. the inflation rate would be much lower than the money supply growth rate. c. the inflation rate would be about the same as the money supply growth rate. d. Any of the above could be correct, more information is needed.26. If the money supply growth rate permanently increased from 10 percent to 20 percent we would expect that inflation and nominal interest rates would both increase ( ) a. by more than 10 percentage points. b. by 10 percentage points. c. but by less than 10 percentage points. d. None of the above is correct. 27. Shoeleather costs refer to ( ) a. the cost of more frequent price changes induced by higher inflation. b. resources used to maintain lower money holdings when inflation is high. c. the distortion in resource allocation created by distortions in relative prices due to inflation. d. the distortion in incentives, created by inflation, by taxes that do not adjust for inflation. 28. In order to maintain stable prices, the central bank must ( ) a. tightly control the money supply. b. keep unemployment low. c. sell indexed bonds. d. All of the above are correct. 29. Business cycles ( ) a. are explained mostly by fluctuations in corporate profits. b. no longer are very important due to government policy. c. are fluctuations in real GDP and related variables over time. d. All of the above are correct.30. Most economists believe that classical economic theory is a good description of the world in ( ) a. the long run, but not in the short run. b. the short run, but not in the long run. c. the short run and in the long run. d. neither the short nor long run.31. A decrease in U.S. interest rates leads to ( ) a. an appreciation of the dollar that leads to smaller exports. b. an appreciation of the dollar that leads to greater net exports. c. a depreciation of the dollar that leads to smaller net exports. d. a depreciation of the dollar that leads to greater net exports. 32. The long-run aggregate supply curve shifts right if ( ) a. Congress raises the minimum wage substantially. b. unemployment insurance benefits are made more generous. c. immigration from abroad increases. d. All of the above are correct.院系: 专业班级: 姓名: 学号:装 订 线33. Suppose a shift in aggregate demand creates an economic contraction. If policymakers can respond with sufficient speed and precision, they can offset the initial shift by shifting aggregate ( ) a. supply left. b. supply right. c. demand left. d. demand right.34. Which of the following has been suggested as an important cause of the Great Depression? ( ) a. a decline in the money supply b. a large decline in government expenditures c. an increase in the relative price of oil d. All of the above are correct.35. According to liquidity preference theory, which of the following shifts the money demand curve to the left? ( ) a. a decrease in the price level b. an increase in the price level c. an increase in the interest rate d. Both b and c are correct.36. If Congress cuts spending to balance the federal budget, the Fed can act to prevent unemployment and recession while maintaining the balanced budget by ( ) a. raising taxes. b. cutting expenditures. c. increasing the money supply. d. decreasing the money supply.37. Investment tax credits are designed to ( ) a. increase aggregate demand in the short run and eventually increase long-run aggregate supply. b. increase aggregate demand in the short run, but eventually decrease long-run aggregate supply. c. increase aggregate demand in the short run and have no impact on aggregate supply. d. None of the above is correct.38. According to Friedman and Phelps, the unemployment rate is above the natural rate when actual inflation ( ) a. is greater than expected inflation. b. equals expected inflation. c. is less than expected inflation. d. is high.39. The restrictive monetary policy followed by the Fed in the early 1980s ( ) a. reduced both unemployment and inflation. b. reduced inflation significantly, but at the cost of a severe recession. c. reduced unemployment significantly, but at the cost of higher inflation. d. raised both unemployment and inflation.40. A favorable supply shock will cause the short-run Phillips curve to shift ( ) a. left, and unemployment to rise. b. left, and unemployment to fall. c. right, and unemployment to rise. d. right, and unemployment to fall.Part 2: Simply answer following questions (4×5′=20′)1. How will following events influence the GDP of U.S. by expenditure method? (1)Boeing Company sold a plane to the U.S. Air Force. (2)Boeing Company sold a plane to the U.S. Air Company. (3)Boeing Company sold a plane to the Franc Air Company. (4)Boeing Company sold a plane to Mr. Cross.(5)Boeing Company produced a plane which will be sold in the next half year. 2. Who control the money supply? How does it control?3. Try to tell the relationship between short run Philips curve and long run Philips curve.4. What factors can cause unemployment? How?Part3: Calculate (2×10′=20′)1. Consider following events in certain economy:Y=5000、G=1000、T=1000、C=250+0.75(Y -T)、I=1000+50R(1)Try to calculate private saving, public saving and national saving in this economy (2) Try to find the equilibrium interest rate(3) Suppose Government purchase increase to 1250, try to calculate private saving, public saving and national saving(4) Try to find the new equilibrium2. Suppose in an economy, there are 0.76 billion adults, and 0.48 billion of them are working, 0.04 billion of them are looking for job, 0.18 billion of them are neither working nor looking for a job. Try to calculate(1) Labor force amount (2) Labor participate rate (3) Unemployment ratePart4: Analysis following questions(2×10′=20′)1. Try to tell the development path of macroeconomics. (How did it appear? How did it change?)2. Try to use the macroeconomics knowledge to analyze the current economic condition and try toafford some macroeconomic policies in China, and try to analyze their impacts to economy.院系: 专业班级: 姓名: 学号:装 订 线《国际贸易专业宏观经济学》试卷A宏观经济学(双语)A 卷参考答案Part1:1C 2D 3A 4B 5D 6C 7C 8D 9C 10B 11 B 12C 13C 14A 15D 16D 17A 18A 19A 20C 21A 22D 23A 24D 25C 26B 27B 28A 29C 30A 31A 32C 33D 34A 35A 36C 37A 38C 39B 40B Part2:1. (1) Increases government purchases and then increases GDP (2) Increases investment and then increases GDP (3) Increases net export and then increases GDP (4) Increases consumption and then increase GDP (5) Increases investment and then increase GDP2. Federal Open Market Committee conducts monetary policy by controlling the money supply. The money supply is the quantity of money available in the economy. The primary way in which the Fed changes the money supply is through open-market operations. The Fed purchases and sells U.S. government bonds. To increase the money supply, the Fed buys government bonds from the public. To decrease the money supply, the Fed sells government bonds to the public.3. The Phillips curve shows the short-run combinations of unemployment and inflation that arise as shifts in the aggregate demand curve move the economy along the short-run aggregate supply curve. The Phillips curve seems to offer policymakers a menu of possible inflation and unemployment outcomes. As a result, the long-run Phillips curve is vertical at the natural rate of unemployment. Monetary policy could be effective in the short run but not in the long run. In the long run, expected inflation adjusts to changes in actual inflation.4. Job search, this unemployment is different from the other types of unemployment. It is not caused by a wage rate higher than equilibrium. It is caused by the time spent searching for the “right” job. Minimum wage laws, although minimum wages are not the predominant reason for unemployment in our economy, they have an important effect on certain groups with particularly high unemployment rates. When the minimum wage is set above the level that balances supply and demand, it creates unemployment. Unions, a union is a worker association that bargains with employers over wages and working conditions. In the 1940s and 1950s, when unions were at their peak, about a third of the U.S. labor force was unionized. A union is a type of cartel attempting to exert its market power. Efficiency wages, Efficiency wages are above-equilibrium wages paid by firms in order to increase worker productivity. The theory of efficiency wages states that firms operate more efficiently if wages are above the equilibrium level.Part3:1. (1) Private saving=Y-T-C=5000-1000-(250+0.75*4000)=750 Public saving=T-G=1000-1000=0 National saving=750(2) I=S 1000+50R=750 R=-5 (3) Private saving=750Public saving=T-G-1000-1250=-250 National saving=500(4) 1000+50R=500 R=-10 2. (1) labor force: 0.48+0.04=0.52(2) Labor participate rate: 0.52/0.76=68% (3) Unemployment rate: 0.04/0.52=7.7%院系: 专业班级: 姓名: 学号:装 订 线。
2013学年合肥职工大学《西方经济学》期末考试试卷(A)一、单项选择题:(每小题 2 分,共 20 分)1.微观经济学的中心是:()A.价值理论B.价格理论C.生产理论D.分配理论2.作为经济学的两个组成部分,微观经济学与宏观经济学是:()A.互相对立的B.没有任何联系的C.相互补充的D.完全相同的3.需求定理表明:()A.随着汽油的价格提高,对小汽车的需求量将下降B.药品的价格上涨会使药品的质量得到提高C.计算机的价格下降会引起其需求量增加D.随着乒乓球价格下降,对球拍的需求量会增加4.如果其它各种条件均保持不变,当X商品的互补品Y商品的价格上升时,对X商品的需求:()A.增加B.不变C.无法确定D.减少5.对一般的商品来说,当其供给不变时,如果其需求增加,则该商品的:()A.均衡价格上升和均衡数量减少B.均衡价格上升和均衡数量增加C.均衡价格下降和均衡数量减少D.均衡价格下降和均衡数量增加6.只有在何种情况发生时,存在供给小于需求?()A.实际价格低于均衡价格B.实际价格高于均衡价格C.实际价格等于均衡价格D.消除了稀缺性7.当价格高于均衡价格时:()A.需求量大于供给量B.需求量与供给量相等C.需求量与供给量可能相等,也可能不等D.需求量小于供给量8.下列哪一项会导致某种商品需求曲线向左移动?()A.消费者收入增加B.互补品价格上升C.替代品价格上升D.该商品的价格下降9.已知某种商品的需求是富有弹性的,在其他条件不变的情况下,卖者要想获得更多的收益,应该:()A.适当降低价格B.适当提高价格C.保持价格不变D.加大销售量10如果一种商品的需求的价格弹性为2,价格由1元上升到1.02元会导致需求量:()A.增加4% B.增加2% C.减少4% D.减少2%二、判断题:(每小题 1分,共 10 分)1、微观经济学的中心理论是价格理论,宏观经济学的中心理论是国民收入决定理论。
()2、世界上许多城市对房租进行限制,这种作法称为价格下限。
黄冈师范学院2016—2017学年度第一学期期末试卷考试课程:西方经济学考核类型:考试A卷考试形式:闭卷出卷教师:考试专业:酒店管理考试班级:酒店管理201501班一、名词解释(10×2分=20分。
)1.需求2.边际效用3. 边际产量4.边际成本5.公共物品6.等成本线7. 欲望8.市场失灵9.交易动机10. 经济周期二、填空题(每空1分,共20分)1.资源是,人类的欲望是。
2.宏观经济学的研究对象是,宏观经济学要解决的是问题,宏观经济学的中心理论是理论。
宏观经济学的研究方法是分析。
3.效用理论分为效用论和效用论。
4.生产要素是指生产中投入的各种经济资源,包括、、资本和企业家才能等。
5.在短期内,厂商为生产而付出的总成本由成本和成本构成。
6.考察成本的变动规律需要把成本分为总成本、成本和成本。
7.按照公共物品的特性可以将其分为公共物品和公共物品。
8.居民消费由消费和引费两部分组成。
9.在IS曲线中,I代表,S代表。
三、选择题:(1分×10= 10分)1.一国的生产可能曲线以内的点表示()A.通货膨胀 B.失业或者资源没有被充分利用。
C.该国可利用资源减少及技术水平降低D.生产产品的最适度水平。
2.如果某种商品供给曲线的斜率为正,在保持其他因素不变的条件下,该商品价格的上升,将导致()A.供给增加 B.供给量增加 C. 供给减少 D.供给量减少3.预算线的位置和斜率取决于()A.消费者的收入B。
消费者的收入和商品的价格C.消费者的偏好、收入和商品的价格D。
以上都不对A卷【第1页共3 页】4.边际成本低于平均成本时()A.平均成本上升B。
平均可变成本可能上升也可能下降C.总成本下降D。
平均可变成本上升5.长期内完全竞争市场上成本不变的行业如果由于需求的增加将导致市场价格()A.降低 B. 提高 C.不变 D.先降低再提高6. 收入分配绝对不平等时,基尼系数为()A.1 B. 0 C.大于0小于1 D.大于17.在一般情况下,国民收入核算体系中,数值最小的是()A.国民生产净值 B.个人收入 C.个人可支配收入 D.国民收入8.IS曲线上的每一个点都表示使()A.投资等于储蓄的国民收入和利率的组合B.投资等于储蓄的均衡货币量C.货币需求等于货币供给的均衡货币量D.产品市场和货币市场同时均衡的收入9.中央银行最常用的政策工具是()A.法定准备金率 B.再贴现率C.公开市场业务D.道义劝告10.经济周期的中心问题是()A.利率波动 B.通胀率波动 C.国民收入波动 D.就业率波动四.判断题(1分×10=10分)1.需求的变动是指是指在商品自身价格不变的情况下,由于其他因素变动所引起的需求的变动。
《西方经济学》试卷A适用专业: 考试时间:考试所需时间:120分钟 总分:100 分 考试形式:闭卷一、单选题(每小题1分,共20分)1.经济学可定义为( ) A.政府对市场制度的干预 B.消费者如何获取收入C.研究如何最合理地配置稀缺资源于诸多用途D.企业取得利润的活动2.在某一时期内彩色电视机的需求曲线向左平移的原因是( ) A.彩色电视机的价格上升 B.消费者对彩色电视机的预期价格上升 C.消费者对彩色电视机的预期价格下降 D.黑白电视机的价格上升3.如果某商品价格变化引起厂商销售收入同方向变化,则该商品是( )。
A .富有弹性 B.缺乏弹性 C.完全弹性 D.完全无弹性4.如果一条线性需求曲线与一条曲线型的需求曲线相切,则在切点处两条需求曲线的价格弹性系数( )A.不相同B.相同C.可能相同,也可能不相同D.根据切点位置而定5.当消费者收入增加80%时,某商品需求量增加40%,则该商品极可能是( ) A.必需品 B.奢侈品 C.低档商品 D.吉芬商品6.当总效用增加时,边际效用( )A.为正值,且不断增加B.为负值,且不断减少C.为正值,且不断减少D.为负值,且不断增加7.当X 商品价格下降时,替代效应X1X"=+5,收入效应X" X2=+3。
则该商品是( )A.正常商品B.一般低档商品C.吉芬商品D.独立商品 8.消费者的收入不变,但其中一种商品的价格变化,则消费可能线( ) A .不动 B .向右上方移动 C .向左下方移动 D .绕着某一点转动 9.某企业生产函数Q=10K L (Q 为产量,L 和K 分别为劳动和资本),则( ) A.生产函数是规模报酬不变 B.生产函数是规模报酬递增 C.生产函数是规模报酬递减 D.企业处于内部经济阶段 10.等成本曲线绕着它与纵轴Y 的交点向外移动表明 ( ) A.生产要素Y 的价格下降了 B.生产要素x 的价格上升了 C.生产要素x 的价格下降了 D.生产要素Y 的价格上升了 11.正常利润是( )的一个组成部分A.显成本B.隐成本C.机会成本D.固定成本 12.随着产量的增加,短期固定成本( )A .增加B .减少C .不变D .先增后减13.已知产量为8个单位时,总成本为80元,当产量增加到9个单位时,平均成本为11元,那么,此时的边际成本为( )A .1元B .19元C .88元D .20元 14.短期内在每一产量上的MC 值应该( )A.是该产量上的TC 曲线的斜率,但不是该产量上的TVC 曲线的斜率B.是该产量上的TVC 曲线的斜率,但不是该产量上的TC 曲线的斜率C.既不是该产量上的TVC 曲线的斜率,也不是该产量上的TC 曲线的斜率D.既是该产量上的TVC 曲线的斜率,也是该产量上的TC 曲线的斜率 15.在MR=MC 的均衡产量上,企业( )院系: 专业班级: 姓名: 学号:装 订 线学号:A.必然得到最大利润B.必然得到最小利润C.若获利,则利润最大若亏损,则亏损最小D.不可能亏损16.如果在厂商的短期均衡产量上,AR小于SAC,但大于AVC,则厂商()A.亏损,立即停产B.亏损,但继续生产C.亏损,生产或不生产都可以D.获得正常利润,继续生产17.如果一个行业是一个成本递增行业,则()A.行业的长期供给曲线有一正的斜率B.行业的长期供给曲线有一负的斜率C.生产中使用的要素供给曲线是垂直的D.短期平均成本曲线不是U型的18.经济学家一般把()企业在LAC最低点上产量称作理想产量A.垄断B.垄断竞争C.完全竞争D.寡头19.()厂商所面临的需求曲线有两种,它们通常被区分为d需求曲线和D 需求曲线A.完全竞争B.垄断竞争C.垄断D.寡头20.在垄断厂商的长短期均衡产量上可以有()A.P>LAC B.P<LAC C.P等于最小的LAC D.P等于最小的LMC二、判断题(每小题1分,共10分)1.随着技术进步和经济发展,稀缺问题将最终消失。
国家开放大学电大专科《西方经济学》2023期末试题及答案(试卷号:2143)盗传必究一、单项选择题(从下列每小题的四个选项中,选出一项正确的,将其序号填在题后的括号内。
每小题2 分,共30分)1.边际收益是()A.收益超过成本的部分B.企业每增加销售一单位的产品所增加的收益C.总收益除以总产量D.企业通过卖出其产品所获得的收益2.在垄断市场上,价格()A.可由企业任意决定B.价格一旦确定就不能变动C.受市场需求状况的限制D.由消费者决定3.在完全竞争市场上,企业对劳动的需求主要取决于()A.劳动的价格B.劳动的边际生产力C.劳动在生产中的重要性D.劳动的供给状况4.-年内在本国领土所生产的最终产品的市场价值总和根据价格变化调整过的数值被称为()A.国民生产总值B.实际国内生产总值C.国内生产净值D.国内生产总值5.决定经济增长的因素是()A.制度、资源、技术B.劳动、资本、资源C.资本、劳动、制度D.劳动、资源、技术6.微观经济学要解决的问题是()A.资源配置B.资源利用C.单个经济单位如何实现最大化Do国民收入的决定7.如果其它各种条件均保持不变,当X商品的互补品Y商品的价格上升时,对X商品的需求()A.增加Bo减少C.不变D.无法确定8.-种商品的需求曲线向右下方倾斜,如果其供给曲线向左移动则会引起()A.均衡数量增加,均衡价格上升B.均衡数量增加,均衡价格下降C.均衡数量减少,均衡价格上升Do均衡数量减少,均衡价格下降9.边际效用为零时的总效用()A.等于0B.等于1C.降至最小D.达到最大10.根据等产量线与等成本线相结合在一起的分析,两种生产要素的最适组合是()A.等产量线与等成本线相交之点B.等产量线与等成本线相切之点C.离原点最远的等产量线上的任何一点D.离原点最近的等产量线上的任何一点11.在总需求中,引起经济波动的主要因素是()A.消费B.投资C.政府支出D.净出口12.IS曲线向左下方移动的条件是()A.自发总支出增加B.自发总支出减少C.货币供给量增加D.货币供给量减少13.凯恩斯所说的需求拉上的通货膨胀发生的条件是()A.资源得到了充分利用,而总需求仍然在增加B.资源得到了充分利用,但总需求不再增加C.资源未得到充分利用,总需求仍然在增加D.资源未得到充分利用,总需求并不增加+14.在以下四种政策工具中,属于需求管理的是()A.收入政策B.人力政策C.货币政策D.指数化政策15.在开放经济中决定国内国内生产总值水平的总需求是()A.国内总需求B.对国内产品的总需求C.国内支出D.消费与投资之和二、判断正误题(7)16.经济学按其研究方法的不同可以分为实证经济学与规范经济学。