专四之定语从句
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专四语法辅导--定语从句
e.g. They talked about the teachers and the things that they remembered in
the school. 5. 当被修饰的成份在主句中是系动词be后的表语或关系词本 身在定语从句中做表语，用that。 （be的分类: a. am, is, are. b. 表变化的get. c. 感观动词look, smell. d. 表保持的stay.) e.g. China isn’t the country that she used to be fifty years ago.
3. I have never been to London, but that is the city ___.
A. where I like to visit most B. I’d like to visit C. which I like to visit mostly
exam.
2. 引导非限制性定语从句，代替整个主句，意思 “正如”，位置比较灵活，既可以指代前面提到的 内容，也可指后面要提到的内容。
e.g. As is mentioned above, this method aims at improving the students’ ability in a more effective way.
二、当先行词是指人的名词时，通常用who, that, whom
引导，但在下列情况下定语从句只用who不用that。 1. 先行词为the one, ones, anyone等时 e.g. Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. 2. 先行词为those( 指人)或被those修饰时 e.g. Those who learn not only from books, but also through practice will succeed.
专四定语从句语法点
专四定语从句语法点专四定语从句语法点引导语：定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。
下面是店铺为大家精心整理的专四定语从句语法点，欢迎阅读！专四定语从句语法点关系代词：which（指sth 作主语或宾语），that（指sb或sth 作主语或宾语），who（指sb作主语或宾语），whom（指sb作宾语），whose（指sb或sth，作定语）,as（指sb,sth 作主语或宾语）;注意: 做宾语的时候，关系代词可以省略。
关系副词：when（指时间on which），where（指地点at which），why（指原因 for which）考点1. 先行词为人时引导词who和that(1) 只能用who不用that：1)当先行词为one(s), anyone, those 时；2)当先行词为人称代词时。
(2) 只能用that不用who：1)当主句已经出现who时。
2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。
1. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man _that______ he was twenty years ago.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. whom考点2. 先行词为物时引导词that和which(1) 只能用that不用which：1)先行词为much, little, few, nothing, none, anything, no, all等不定代词。
2）先行词既有人又有物。
3）先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰。
4）先行词被the very, the only, the last, just, all, any, every, no等修饰。
5）关系代词在从句中作表语。
6) 在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中。
7) 主句是there be句型。
专四__定语从句复习
Do you have anything that you don’t understand? 2.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰且指物时, 引导定 语从句用that 。 It is the second time that you have made such a mistake.
3.先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that 。 He talked happily about the men and books that interested him greatly.
4.先行词被the very, the only等修饰且指物时,引导定语从句 用that。
The only thing that we can do is to give you some advice. 5.当先行词前面有who/which等疑问代词时，只用that。 Who is the man that is standing there?
常见的这类结构有：as has been said before, as has been mentioned above, as can be imagined, as is known to all, as has been announced等。
4.一些特殊词之后的where
where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点 的名词，但也有特殊情况。
综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句 that/which 1. We all have heard the news_____ our team won. 2. We don’t believe in the news _________ he told us yesterday.
1.They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of A is something we had not expected. time; ____ (2003) A. which B. it C. that D. what
3.先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that 。 He talked happily about the men and books that interested him greatly.
4.先行词被the very, the only等修饰且指物时,引导定语从句 用that。
The only thing that we can do is to give you some advice. 5.当先行词前面有who/which等疑问代词时，只用that。 Who is the man that is standing there?
常见的这类结构有：as has been said before, as has been mentioned above, as can be imagined, as is known to all, as has been announced等。
4.一些特殊词之后的where
where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点 的名词，但也有特殊情况。
综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句 that/which 1. We all have heard the news_____ our team won. 2. We don’t believe in the news _________ he told us yesterday.
1.They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of A is something we had not expected. time; ____ (2003) A. which B. it C. that D. what
专四的定语从句
nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等时，关系代词作主语时一般用that， 作宾 语用 that/zero.
2. 限定性关系分句中的其他用法问题
1.This is the best TV _______ is that made in China. that 2.The first museum _______ he visited in China was the History Museum.
先行词被形容词最高级或 序数词修饰时，引导定语 从句用that 。
2. 限定性关系分句中的其他用法问题
that wants to Any boy ________
succeed must work hard.
先行项指人并带有any, all, only等限定词时,其后用分句 主语的关系代词通常用that, 在这种搭配中用that比用who 普通 。
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl her is Mary.
we saw
yesterday
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
Have a Try
指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成分： 1.The man who came to our school is Mr.Ling. ( 主语 ) 2. The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( 宾语 ) 3. A child whose parents are dead is called Tim. ( 定语 ) 4. I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( 宾语 )
2. 限定性关系分句中的其他用法问题
1.This is the best TV _______ is that made in China. that 2.The first museum _______ he visited in China was the History Museum.
先行词被形容词最高级或 序数词修饰时，引导定语 从句用that 。
2. 限定性关系分句中的其他用法问题
that wants to Any boy ________
succeed must work hard.
先行项指人并带有any, all, only等限定词时,其后用分句 主语的关系代词通常用that, 在这种搭配中用that比用who 普通 。
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl her is Mary.
we saw
yesterday
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
Have a Try
指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成分： 1.The man who came to our school is Mr.Ling. ( 主语 ) 2. The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( 宾语 ) 3. A child whose parents are dead is called Tim. ( 定语 ) 4. I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( 宾语 )
专四语法精讲-定语从句(内部资料)
定语从句
关系代词的省略
做直接宾语时可以省略。 例如：Is there anything (that) I can do for you? 在“there be”结构的从句中作主语的关系 在“there be”结构的从句中作主语的关系 代词可以省略。 例如：This is the only bus (that) there is to that park.
下面三个句子意思相同： The river whose banks are covered with trees flows to the sea. The river of which the banks are covered with trees flows to the sea. The river the banks of which are covered with trees flows to the sea. NOTE: 但是… of which所修饰的词若是数词、不定代词 另 但是… which所修饰的词若是数词、不定代词 有其他限定词（the除外），不可改为whose结构。 有其他限定词（the除外），不可改为whose结构。 例如：There are six possibilities, every one of which involves difficulty. They offered a strong opposition, of the like of which he had never dreamed.
此结构在定语从句中可以作状语或定语，并可修饰别 的名词一同作状语。 Which在定语从句中可以单独作定语，而whom却不 Which在定语从句中可以单独作定语，而whom却不 可。 例如：A path, on both side of which flowers grew, led to the exhibition hall. 两边长满花的小径，通往展示厅。 This is the ring on which she spent 1,000 dollars. Sound is a tool by means of which people communicate with each other. (状语) Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, for which reason he could hardly recognize her at first sight. (定语)
关系代词的省略
做直接宾语时可以省略。 例如：Is there anything (that) I can do for you? 在“there be”结构的从句中作主语的关系 在“there be”结构的从句中作主语的关系 代词可以省略。 例如：This is the only bus (that) there is to that park.
下面三个句子意思相同： The river whose banks are covered with trees flows to the sea. The river of which the banks are covered with trees flows to the sea. The river the banks of which are covered with trees flows to the sea. NOTE: 但是… of which所修饰的词若是数词、不定代词 另 但是… which所修饰的词若是数词、不定代词 有其他限定词（the除外），不可改为whose结构。 有其他限定词（the除外），不可改为whose结构。 例如：There are six possibilities, every one of which involves difficulty. They offered a strong opposition, of the like of which he had never dreamed.
此结构在定语从句中可以作状语或定语，并可修饰别 的名词一同作状语。 Which在定语从句中可以单独作定语，而whom却不 Which在定语从句中可以单独作定语，而whom却不 可。 例如：A path, on both side of which flowers grew, led to the exhibition hall. 两边长满花的小径，通往展示厅。 This is the ring on which she spent 1,000 dollars. Sound is a tool by means of which people communicate with each other. (状语) Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, for which reason he could hardly recognize her at first sight. (定语)
专四之定语从句概要
关系代词用
Great
A. which B. that
C. wherethatD. it
4. He talked先h行a词pp被ialyll,alibttloeu, t the men and books _____ interemsutcehd, ehveirmy, ngor,e等atly in the school.
______Greek letters.
A. as, are
B. as, is
C. that, are
D. that, is
3. She is very good at dance, ____ everybody knows.
A. that B. where C. who
D. as
4. ______ has been said above, grammar is a set of
A. which B. 修th饰at时 C. it
D. whom
5. There i有s先n序行o数词d词被ic(序tthio数e nf词iras或rt)y,最形_高容__级词_修最_饰高yo，级u先(tch先人行ae n行 和b词esf前词 物ti)n,为 的d.
A. that
若 者Bth.主wewh句lahisci中th,ct，hh有e为疑ve了r问y,避代tCh免e词.ow重nwlhy复he等or,时e或关。组合D. in that
则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支
4. as 与 which 的区别
★as 在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的 被动语态，如 be known， be said， be reported 等 ★如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用 which作主语。
1) She has been late again, ___a_s___ was
Great
A. which B. that
C. wherethatD. it
4. He talked先h行a词pp被ialyll,alibttloeu, t the men and books _____ interemsutcehd, ehveirmy, ngor,e等atly in the school.
______Greek letters.
A. as, are
B. as, is
C. that, are
D. that, is
3. She is very good at dance, ____ everybody knows.
A. that B. where C. who
D. as
4. ______ has been said above, grammar is a set of
A. which B. 修th饰at时 C. it
D. whom
5. There i有s先n序行o数词d词被ic(序tthio数e nf词iras或rt)y,最形_高容__级词_修最_饰高yo，级u先(tch先人行ae n行 和b词esf前词 物ti)n,为 的d.
A. that
若 者Bth.主wewh句lahisci中th,ct，hh有e为疑ve了r问y,避代tCh免e词.ow重nwlhy复he等or,时e或关。组合D. in that
则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支
4. as 与 which 的区别
★as 在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的 被动语态，如 be known， be said， be reported 等 ★如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用 which作主语。
1) She has been late again, ___a_s___ was
专四之定语从句
巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空
when 1) October 1, 1949 was the day______ on ______) which China was founded. (__ where 2) Beijing is the place ______ in which (____ ______) I live. why (___ for which 3) Is this the reason ____ _____) he didn’t want to see me?
3. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时 4.先行词被数词,序数词修饰时 5.先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级 修饰时 6. 先行词既有人又有物时 7. 先行词在从句中做表语时 8. 主句以there be开头
Exercise:
1. This is all ____ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether 2. Is there anything else _____ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what 先行词为everything，little, much ， all ， anything ， 3. The last place _____ we visited was the Great nothing, none, few 等词时， Wall. A. which B. that
B. as, is
D. that, is
3. She is very good at dance, ____ everybody knows. A. that B. where C. who D. as
英语专四语法之定语从句
英语专四语法之定语从句
定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它用于描述或限定句子中的某个名词或代词。
定语从句通常由关系代词(如who, whom, whose, which, that)引导，这些代词在从句中分别作主语、宾语、所有格、指示词等。
定语从句的位置可以在名词前面或后面，它通常用于修饰一些特定的人、事、物或概念。
例如，我们可以说“the book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting”，这句话中“that I borrowed from the library”就是一个定语从句，用于修饰名词“book”。
在使用定语从句时，我们需要注意以下几点：
1. 关系代词的选择：不同的关系代词用于不同的情况，需要根
据先行词的性质和定语从句的意义来选择。
2. 从句的位置：定语从句可以放在名词前或名词后，但从句的
位置会影响句子的语调和语气。
3. 从句的语态：定语从句的语态需要与主句的语态保持一致，
如主句是被动语态，从句也需要使用被动语态。
定语从句是英语学习中的重点和难点之一，需要我们进行反复练习和巩固。
只有通过不断的实践和总结，我们才能掌握定语从句的用法和技巧，从而提高我们的英语语言能力。
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专四语法讲从句
• 作地点状语：where=in/at which,先行词为表示时 间的名词；
• 作原因状语：why=for which,先行词为reason；
定语从句考点六:非限定性从句
• 非限定性从句的关系词为which, who, whom, as, 介词+which 不能用that
They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, __A__ is something we had not expected. 2003
other person is right yet you cannoBt /aDgree with him 2002
A. by which
B. that
C. in where
D. where
This company has now introduced a policy ___ pay rises are
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. they
定语从句考点七:but
• But引导限制性定语从句,先行词可是人也可是物, 表示that/who/which…not
There are very few _____ admire his talents. Not a day went by _____ brought us bad news at that
Child as/though he was, he could help his mother.
▲注意： a.句首名词不能带任何冠词. b.句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语
后.如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起 放在主语之前.
• 作原因状语：why=for which,先行词为reason；
定语从句考点六:非限定性从句
• 非限定性从句的关系词为which, who, whom, as, 介词+which 不能用that
They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, __A__ is something we had not expected. 2003
other person is right yet you cannoBt /aDgree with him 2002
A. by which
B. that
C. in where
D. where
This company has now introduced a policy ___ pay rises are
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. they
定语从句考点七:but
• But引导限制性定语从句,先行词可是人也可是物, 表示that/who/which…not
There are very few _____ admire his talents. Not a day went by _____ brought us bad news at that
Child as/though he was, he could help his mother.
▲注意： a.句首名词不能带任何冠词. b.句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语
后.如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起 放在主语之前.
英语专四语法之定语从句
英语专四语法之定语从句
定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分，在英语专四考试中也占有重要地位。
定语从句可以用来修饰一个名词或代词，并且能够起到更精确、更具体的描述作用。
定语从句的引导词主要有关系代词和关系副词两种类型。
其中，关系代词包括that、who、whom、whose和which等，而关系副词则包括when、where和why等。
在定语从句的使用中，需要注意以下几点：
1.关系代词的选择应根据先行词的性质来确定。
2.定语从句中的谓语动词应与先行词在数和人称上保持一致。
3.定语从句的位置应与先行词的位置紧密相连。
4.关系代词who和whom的使用需要根据先行词在句子中的地位来选择。
除此之外，还需要注意避免使用重复的定语从句，以及注意定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别等问题。
总之，掌握好定语从句的使用方法，能够帮助我们更准确地表达意思，提高英语表达能力。
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when/on which 2. I will never forget the day_______________ I met you.
(that/which) I will never forget the day ______________ we spent together.
why/for which I don’t 3. The reason ________________ know the thing is that I was not there at that time. (that/which) I don’t The reason _____________ know is known to him.
对比练习：用适当的关系词填空 where/in which 1. The room ___________________ he once lived is still there.
(that/which) The room ___________________ I have to clean every day belongs to my mother.
There are no such writers as you mention. It gave him such a shock that his face turned white. 如此 …… 以至于 ，结果状语从句
3.与same 连用, 引起定语从句 ☆ the same … as 表示同一类人或物； the same … that 指同一个人或物
Revision1 relative pronoun
关系 代词
who
whom which that whose
指代
人 物 句子
在定语从句中所充当的 成分
主语 宾语 定语
relative adverb
关系副词 指代 所充当的句子成分
when
where why
time place reason
时间状语
5. We do the same work _____ they do.
A. which
B.么情况下 whose和of which不能互换? 1. 先行词是人时，只能用whose, 不能用of which It’s the first time the boy whose _______ father is an engineer has paid a visit to our school.
B. as, is
D. that, is
3. She is very good at dance, ____ everybody knows. A. that B. where C. who D. as
4. ______ has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules. A. Which B. What C. That D. As
巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空
when 1) October 1, 1949 was the day______ on ______) which China was founded. (__ where 2) Beijing is the place ______ in which (____ ______) I live. why (___ for which 3) Is this the reason ____ _____) he didn’t want to see me?
几种易混的情况
1. I’ll never forget the days
_____________ when /in which we worked together. 2. I’ll never forget the days ______ we which spent together.
及物动词
3. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时 4.先行词被数词,序数词修饰时 5.先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级 修饰时 6. 先行词既有人又有物时 7. 先行词在从句中做表语时 8. 主句以there be开头
Exercise:
1. This is all ____ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether 2. Is there anything else _____ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what 先行词为everything，little, much ， all ， anything ， 3. The last place _____ we visited was the Great nothing, none, few 等词时， Wall. A. which B. that
where in ______) which 4) Is this the room ______(__ we were living last winter? when 5) The days are gone _____ during which (______ ______) we used “foreign oil”. where 6) Yesterday, we had a meeting ______ at ______) which we discussed many problems. (__
The Attributive clause
语法讲解
定语从句（the attributive clause）
形容词 用的从句是定语从句 在复合句中，充当_______
☆ 被定语从句限定的词是_______ “先行词” ，引导定语从 句的词叫做 “关系代词” ________ 或 “关系副词” _________。 ☆ 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接 （连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的 先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的 句子成分）。
地点状语 原因状语
4. 关系副词的用法注意点 (1)当先行词为time，表示“次数”时，应用 关系词that 或省略。如：
This is the first time (that) the president has visited the country. (2)当point, situation, case等词作先行词表示 “情况，境地，场合”等意思时，其后常由 where引导定语从句，where在句中作状语。如： Can you think of a situation where this phrase can be used?
2. of 不具有所属关系时，不能用whose She would like to read the novel of which a great number of people have heard.
考点五:什么情况下用 who 不用 that？
先行词是人称代词时，如： He, who just heard the news of his father’s death, burst into tears.
则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支
4. as 与 which 的区别 ★as 在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的 被动语态，如 be known， be said， be reported 等 ★如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用 which作主语。
as 1) She has been late again, _______ was expected. which 2) Tom has made great progress, _______ made us happy.
1. ______ was natural, he married Jenny. A. Which C. This B. That D. As
2. Such signs _____ we use in the experiment
______Greek letters.
A. as, are
C. that, are
Eg: This is the same pen ______I lost D yesterday. A. as B. that C.the one D. A&B 比较：
...the same pen as I lost.
表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像，不一定就是
... the same pen that I lost.
3. I went to the place ______________ where/ in which I worked ten years ago.
Don’t forget the things that once you owned. Treasure the things that you can’t get. Don't give up the things that belong to you and keep those lost things in memory. 曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的， 更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。 已经失去的，留作回忆。
者 which，为了避免重复, 关 系代词不要再用 who, which， 6. Is oxygen而用 the only that。gas _____ helps fire burn?
B. which
C. where
D. in that
A. it
B. /
C. which
D. that
7. Which was the hotel _____ was recommended to you?
考点一：that 和 which 以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。 1. 先行词是不定代词all, everything, anything, nothing, something, much, little, few, none, the one. 2. 先行词被all, everything, anything, nothing, something, much, little, few, none修饰时