2020届高三英语一轮复习专题七动词及动词短语练习
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2020届高考英语一轮复习讲解:动词短语【知识要点】动词1)表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。
2)根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类,分别是:实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词。
说明:有些情况下,有些动词是兼类词。
例如:We are having a meeting.我们正在开会。
(have是实义动词。
)He has gone to New York.他已去纽约。
(have是助动词。
)3)动词根据其后是否带有宾语,可分为两类,分别是:及物动词、不及物动词,英语缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。
说明:同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动词。
例如:She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。
(sing在此用作不及物动词。
)She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。
(sing用作及物动词。
)4)动词根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制,可分两类,分别是:限定动词、非限定动词例如:She sings ver y well. 她唱得很好。
(sing受主语she的限制,故用第三人称单数形式sings。
)She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。
(to learn不受主语she的限制,没有词形变化,是非限定动词。
)说明:英语中共有三种非限定动词,分别是:动词不定式、动名词、分词。
5)根据动词的组成形式,可分为三类,分别是:单字词、短语动词、动词短语例如:The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。
(contains是单字动词。
)Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries. 学生们学会查字典。
(look up是短语动词。
动词及动词短语1.The Chang’e 4 lunar probe’s landing on the moon’s far side on Jan.3, 2019 ________ a new chapter in mankind’s exploration of the moon.A.predicts B.marksC.approves D.shapes【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。
句意:嫦娥四号月球探测器于2019年1月3日登陆月球背面,标志着人类探索月球的新篇章。
mar k“是……的迹象,成为……的征兆,表明”,符合语境。
predict“预测”;approve“批准,认可”;shap e“塑造,决定……的形成”。
2.China’s scifi feature film The Wandering Earth ________ 349 million dollars at the box office during its first week of release.A.took in B.turned overC.added up D.came at【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。
句意:中国科幻电影《流浪地球》在上映的第一周就获得了3.49亿美元的票房收入。
take in“收进,赚进”符合语境。
turn over“翻身,发动,营业额为……”;add up“(把……)加起来”;come at“涌向,涌至”。
3.Once you are in the habit of ________ life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down.A.rushing through B.going throughC.settling into D.getting into【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。
专题七动词及动词短语1.(2018·天津卷)At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her skills.解析:句意:起初罗伯特不让他女儿去潜水,但他最终还是妥协了,因为她对自己的(潜水)技能很自信。
本题考查动词短语。
give in 屈服;让步;投降。
2.(2018·江苏卷)Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which calls for a clear road map and timetable.解析:句意:开发长江经济带是一个系统化的工程,这项工程需要一个清晰的路线图和时间表。
考查动词短语。
call for 需要;要求。
3.(2017·江苏卷)Working with the medical team in Africa has brought out the best in her as a doctor.解析:句意:在非洲医疗队的工作让她作为医生的才能得到了最大限度的发挥。
本题考查动词短语。
bring out 意为“使显现,使表现出”。
4.(2016·江苏卷)Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.解析:句意:多亏宽松的创业环境,很多大学生创办的公司都已经取得成功了。
take off成功,起飞。
5.(2016·天津卷)I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm alwaystoo busy to carry on a conversation with her.解析:句意:我讨厌上班时她给我打电话——我总是很忙,没法和她进行谈话。
动词及动词短语1.The Chang’e 4 lunar probe’s landing on the moon’s far side on Jan.3, 2019 ________ a new chapter in mankind’s exploration of the moon.A.predicts B.marksC.approves D.shapes【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。
句意:嫦娥四号月球探测器于2019年1月3日登陆月球背面,标志着人类探索月球的新篇章。
mar k“是……的迹象,成为……的征兆,表明”,符合语境。
predict“预测”;approve“批准,认可”;shap e“塑造,决定……的形成”。
2.China’s scifi feature film The Wandering Earth ________ 349 million dollars at the box office during its first week of release.A.took in B.turned overC.added up D.came at【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。
句意:中国科幻电影《流浪地球》在上映的第一周就获得了3.49亿美元的票房收入。
take in“收进,赚进”符合语境。
turn over“翻身,发动,营业额为……”;add up“(把……)加起来”;come at“涌向,涌至”。
3.Once you are in the habit of ________ life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down.A.rushing through B.going throughC.settling into D.getting into【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。
【英语】高考英语一轮复习专项训练动词含解析一、单项选择动词1.The new survey shows that the number of students ________ computer games has been increasing in recent years.A.accustomed to B.absorbed to C.adapted to D.addicted to【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词组。
A. accustomed to习惯于; B. absorbed to被吸引; C. adapted to适应于; D. addicted to沉迷于。
句意:这项新的调查显示,沉迷于电脑游戏的学生人数近年来呈上升趋势。
故答案为D。
2.All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once. A.should be; be operated onB.were; must be operated onC.be; was operated onD.was; be operated on【答案】D【解析】试题分析:考查insist的用法。
句意:医院里所有的医生都认为他受伤很严重,要求他立即动手术。
insist作“坚决要求做某事”讲时,要用虚拟语气;当“坚持说,坚持陈述某事实”解时,用陈述语气。
考点 : 考查insist的用法3.224. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _____ behind his back.A.being mopped B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意:那个谋杀犯被带了进来,手被捆在背后。
with的宾语his hands与动词tie构成被动的关系,故使用过去分词。
高考英语一轮复习动词和动词短语预测模拟试题+精选高考例题(含答案解析)动词和动词短语1.接不定式(不接动名词)作宾语的24个常用动词afford(买得起;有能力做),agree(同意),arrange(安排),ask(要求;让),beg(请求),fail(失败),choose(选择),decide(决定),demand(要求),determine(决定),expect(期待),fear(害怕),help(帮助),hope(希望),learn(学习),manage(设法),offer(提出),plan(计划),prepare(准备),pretend(假装),promise(许诺),refuse(拒绝),want(想要),wish(希望)It is a very important exam so I can’t afford to fail it.这是非常重要的考试,我不可以失败。
My neighbour offered to help me when I was in trouble.当我困难时,邻居主动提出帮我忙。
2.接动名词(不接不定式)作宾语的28个常用动词admit(承认),advise(建议),allow(允许),appreciate(感激),avoid(避免),consider(考虑),delay(推迟),deny(否认),dislike(不喜欢),enjoy(喜欢),escape(逃避),fancy(想象),finish(完成),forbid(禁止),stand(忍受),imagine(想象),keep(继续),mention(提到),mind(介意),miss(错过),permit(允许),practise(练习),prohibit(禁止),report(报道),risk(冒险),stop(停止),suggest(建议),understand(理解)I really appreciate working with someone who does such a good job.我非常乐意与工作如此出色的人共事。
2020届高考一轮专题测试(英语):动词和词组专题英语试卷注意事项: 1.本卷共100分,考试时间100分钟2.将答案写在答题卡的相应位置说明:本次专题较之前的一轮复习专题而言,难度加大了,对动词和词组方面知识的提高有很大帮助。
适合高三学生使用。
1. --Why were you so angry?--The shop assistant ______ me too much for the book.A. costB. chargedC. requiredD. requested2. Only in this way ___ to make progress with your English.A hopedB wishedC likedD expected3. Susan, ________ university student from Europe, teaches me ________ art in her spare time.A. an; /B. a; theC. an; theD. a; /4. If your blood badly, your hands and feet will get cold easily.A. passesB. crossesC. circulatesD. circles5. A man is questioned in relation to the _____ murder last night.A advisedB attendedC attemptedD admitted6. There are trees and flowers along both sides of the road______ our school.A leading toB defeatedC wonD gained7. Before using the machine, you must ____ carefully to these instructions.A joinB join inC take part inD attend8. The president ____ the new economic policy.A announcedB toldC informedD promised9. The group of students went to the suburb, did some research work, and ________ the water in the river to see if it had been polluted.A. provedB. boiledC. testedD. exchanged10. As we joined the big crowd I got ______ from my friends.A. separatedB. sparedC. lostD. missed11. Don’t ______ me in your quarrel. I have nothing to do with it.A. involveB. touchC. containD. introduce12. Having ___________ the training of MS Company, he was ___________ an important position in management.A. accepted; offeredB. received; offeredC. offered; receivedD. received; accepted13. -- It will _______determination and hard work to master a foreign language. -- There is no doubt about it.A. spendB. costC. payD. take14. He is too tired and his strength has __________.A. run outB. used upC. given upD. been run out15. So many young men want to ___ writing.A. take inB. take upC. take overD. take off16. The boys arguing over whether to play baseball or football finally ___ by voting.A. reached goalsB. came to termsC. came to an endD. gave up17. How did the accident_____________?A. come outB. come alongC. come aboutD. come across18. The hunter ____ down and ____ to the farmer that he had___ his gun against the tree.A. lay, lied, laidB. lay, laid, laidC. laid, lay, liedD. laid, lied, lay19. After graduation from college, Joe ____ for a year seeing the country before he went to work in his father’s business.A. knocked aboutB. knocked overC. knocked downD. knocked off20. The plan _____ just because people were unwilling to co-operate.A. pulled downedB. broke downC. turned downedD. put down参考答案1. B2. A3. D解析:university读音是以辅音音素开头,所以用a;art在这里指“美术,艺术”,是泛指,所以前面不加the。
2020 高考英语语法专题练习——动词短语一、考查动词短语1.get through已考义项:通过;完成待考义项:接通电话;到达(1)There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldn’t get______.A.betweenB.throughC.acrossD.beyond(2)Hardly could he______this amount of work in such a short time.A.get throughB.get offC.get intoD.get down2.get along已考义项:对付得过去待考义项:相处;有进展;有喜色—How are you managing to do your work without an assistant?—Well,I______ somehow.A.get alonge onC.watch outD.set off3.get over已考义项:克服;康复待考义项:越过(1)If we can______our present difficulties,then everything should be all right.e acrossB.get overe overD.get off(2)It was not a serious illness,and she soon______it.A.got overB.got on withC.got aroundD.got out of4.get in已考义项:收割待考义项:进入,抵达We have to______the wheat as soon as possible because a storm is on the way.A.get awayB.get acrossC.get throughD.get in5.get down to开始做正经事,to为介词,后接名词、代词、动名词做宾语(1)The final examination is coming up soon.It’s time for us to__our studies.A.get down toB.get outC.get back forD.get over(2)Isn’t it time you got down to_____the papers?A.markB.be markedC.being markedD.marking6.get together联欢,聚会We’re going to______with some friends for a picnic.Would you like to join us?A.get inB.get overC.get alongD.get together7.get away from已考义项:回避待考义项:摆脱His mother had thought it would be good for his character to______from home and earn some money on his own.A.run awayB.take awayC.keep awayD.get awayget待考短语:get up起床;get across被理解,使通过;get back回来,恢复;get down 下来,写下,开始做某事;get home到家;get into进入,陷入;get off下车(马、船、飞机);get on上车(马、船、飞机);get out出去;get to到达,着手做某事8.put back把……放回去You can take anything from the shelf and read,but please______the books when you’ve finished with them.A.put onB.put downC.put backD.put off9.put out已考义项:扑灭待考义项:出版;生产;关掉The forest guards often find campfires that have not been______completely.A.turned downB.put outC.put awayD.turned over10.put away把……收起来,储存,备用Before the war broke out,many people______in safe places possessions they could not take with them.A.threw awayB.put awayC.gave awayD.carried awayput待考短语:put aside把某事放在一边;put down写下,镇压;put in投入,放进;put off推迟;put on穿上;put together装配;put up张贴,举起,建造,搭起,进行;put up with忍受11.make up已考义项:编造待考义项:构成;弥补;化装Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and______jokes.A.turning upB.putting upC.making upD.showing up12.make out已考义项:理解待考义项:辨认The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to______.A.make it outB.make it offC.make it upD.make it overmake待考短语:make for有利于;make it做到;make...into...拿……制成;make of 用……制造;make from用……制造;make...out of用……做;make a face做鬼脸;make one’s way前进;make way for替……让路。
专题07 介词和介词短语易错题【01】more...than...易错题【02】介词+名词短语易错题【03】to为介词01more...than...(2020·新课标I卷,语法填空,1.5分)The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side. 【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是固定搭配记忆不牢。
【问诊】句意:因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。
根据空前的比较级more so可知,此处填介词than,表示“比……更”。
故填than。
【答案】than【叮嘱】more than 与more …than 短语在英语中使用得十分广泛。
但其用法和意义并不简单,一不留神就可能用错。
因为more than 与more …than 除了具备其基本用法外,还有些特殊用法。
理解和翻译时要特别小心,不能一看到more than就简单地按照字面上的意思将其理解为“比……更……”或“超过”等,而是要根据上下文找出more than 短语的确切含义more than 相当于一个形容词或副词短语,在句中作定语或状语,修饰其后的动词、副词、数词或名词等。
一.more than 的用法1. more than 后跟数词,相当于over,翻译成“……多、超过……”等,强调某物数量上超出某一范围。
More than 1,500 people were killed in the earthquake. 地震中有一千五百多人遇难。
2. more than 后跟名词或动名词,相当于over, not just, not only,表示“不只是、不仅仅是”等。
例如:She is more than a teacher to us, she is our friend. 他不只是教师,她还是我们的朋友。
专题七动词及动词短语1.(2018·天津卷)At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he gave in as she was so confident about her skills.解析:句意:起初罗伯特不让他女儿去潜水,但他最终还是妥协了,因为她对自己的(潜水)技能很自信。
本题考查动词短语。
give in 屈服;让步;投降。
2.(2018·江苏卷)Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which calls for a clear road map and timetable.解析:句意:开发长江经济带是一个系统化的工程,这项工程需要一个清晰的路线图和时间表。
考查动词短语。
call for 需要;要求。
3.(2017·江苏卷)Working with the medical team in Africa has brought out the best in her as a doctor.解析:句意:在非洲医疗队的工作让她作为医生的才能得到了最大限度的发挥。
本题考查动词短语。
bring out 意为“使显现,使表现出”。
4.(2016·江苏卷)Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.解析:句意:多亏宽松的创业环境,很多大学生创办的公司都已经取得成功了。
take off成功,起飞。
5.(2016·天津卷)I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm alwaystoo busy to carry on a conversation with her.解析:句意:我讨厌上班时她给我打电话——我总是很忙,没法和她进行谈话。
carry on进行(从事)。
6.(2016·天津卷)I'm going to take advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.解析:句意:我打算利用这次旅行去探索那座城堡的历史。
take advantage of利用。
7.(2016·浙江卷)When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt cut off from the world.解析:句意:当孩子们住得离他们远时,这些老年人就觉得与世界隔绝了。
cut off 使……与外界隔绝。
8.(2016·天津卷)Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice to her opinion on the subject.解析:句意:在讨论的前期玛丽一言不发,但最后她就这个话题发表了意见。
give voice to表露心声,表白心迹。
9.(2015·天津卷)Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.解析:句意:因为太忙了,上周末汤姆不得不拒绝了参加聚会的邀请。
turn down(=refuse)拒绝。
10.(2015·浙江卷)We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or appeal to our emotions than for straight facts.解析:句意:相比于直接事实而言,我们更倾向于记住那些令我们的感官兴奋和对我们的情绪有感染力的事物。
appeal to对……有感染力。
11.(2015·江苏卷)The university started some new language programs to cater for the country's Silk Road Economic Belt.解析:句意:这所大学开设了一些新的语言课程来满足该国丝绸之路经济带的需要。
cater for满足……的需要。
12.(2015·江苏卷)The whole team count on Cristiano Ronaldo, and he seldom lets them down.解析:句意:整个队都指望着Cristiano Ronaldo,他很少让他们失望。
count on 指望,依赖。
13.(2015·陕西卷)Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.解析:句意:Peter将会在下个月末就职,成为该旅行社的主管。
take up one's post就职。
14.(2015·湖北卷)There is no doubt that this candidate's advantage lies in his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.解析:句意:毫无疑问这位候选人的优势在于他能用英语和外国人交流。
lie in在于。
一、动词的基本知识二、以动词为词源构成的动词短语常见的这类动词有break, die, cut, come, go, get, look, put, set, turn, take, pay, pick, make 等。
1.“break+介词”构成的动词短语break down 失败,破坏,发生故障,(身体)垮掉,分解;break out 爆发;break through 突破,克服;break off 中断,突然停止;break up 打碎,结束,(指人群)散开,解散;break in 闯入(不及物);break into 破门而入(及物);break away 突然离开,逃脱,脱离2.“bring+介词”构成的动词短语bring about 使发生;bring back 拿回来,使恢复;bring down 击倒,降低;bring in 引进;bring out 出版,生产,使显现;bring up 培养,养育;bring over 把……带来3.“come+介词”构成的动词短语come in 进来;come from 来自;come about 产生;come over 过来;come out 出来,出现,出版;come up 上来,走近;come across 偶遇;come along 到达,进步;come after 跟着来;come back 回来;come around 苏醒,再次出现;come down 下来;come on 快点,赶快4.“cut+介词”构成的动词短语cut in 插嘴,插入;cut across 抄近路;cut off 切断;cut up 切碎;cut away 砍掉;cut down 砍倒,削减;cut out 删除,删去;cut through 抄近路穿过,克服5.“get+介词/副词”构成的动词短语get about 传播;get through 到达,做完,通过,度过,打通(电话);get in 到达,收集;get on 上(车),进展,融洽相处;get off 下(车),下来;get out 出去,离开;get over 克服;get across 被传达,被理解;get along 相处,进展;get away 离开,脱身6.“give+介词/副词”构成的动词短语give up 放弃;give in 屈服,投降;give away 赠送,捐赠,泄露;give over 移交,交给;give off 放出,发出;give out 分发,散发,用完;give back 归还7.“go+介词/副词”构成的动词短语go along 进展,继续;go around 流传,传播;go away 离去,走开;go beyond 超过;go by (时间)过去,流逝;go down 下降;goup 上升;go for 喜欢;go off 离开,停止;go on 继续,发生;go over 复习,温习;go through 经历,穿过8.“look+介词/副词”构成的动词短语look after 照顾,照料;look away 把目光移开;look around 环顾;look at 看;look for 寻找;look into 调查;look out 向外看,当心;look over 查看,检查;look through 浏览,快速查看;look up 向上看,查阅9.“turn+介词/副词”构成的动词短语turn around/round (使)向后转,回头,转身;turn against 反对(某人);turn away 把某人拒之门外;不准某人进入;turn down 调低,拒绝;turn in 上交;turn into (使)变成;turn off 关掉;turn on 打开;turn over 翻转;turn to 求助于,转向;turn up 调高,到来,出现10.“put+介词/副词”构成的动词短语put aside 把……放在一边,忽视,储存;put away 把……收拾好,积蓄;put back 把……放回原处;put down 放下,记下,镇压;put forward 提出(建议);put in 放进;put off 推迟,拖延;put on 穿上,戴上,增加,上演;put out 生产,出版,扑灭;put up 举起,张贴,搭建,安排膳宿11.“be/get/become+过去分词/形容词+介词”构成的动词短语be dressed in 穿着;be fond of 爱好,喜爱;be lost in 沉溺于;be located in 位于;be addicted to 沉溺于;be/get used to 习惯于;be curious about 对……好奇;be engaged in 忙于;be convinced of 确信,认识到;be/become aware of 意识到;be worried about 担心;be proud of 为……而自豪12.“动词+副词+介词”构成的动词短语add up to 合计达;break away from 从……脱离;come up with 想出,提出;catch up with 赶上;get down to 开始认真地做;go in for 参加,爱好;keep away from 远离;keep up with 跟上;date back to 追溯到;put up with 忍受,容忍;run out of 用完;watch out for 当心;look down upon/on 瞧不起;look forward to 期望;go along with 一起去;hold on to 坚持Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.The two companies have teamed up to develop a new racing car.2.In the library, there are many dictionaries belonging to different times.3.Despite a strong wind, children are still looking forward to not cancelling the outdoor activity at the weekend.4.As I look back on those years, I am struck by Anne's wisdom.5.If you went to the party you might meet with someone you know.6.You will have to answer for your crimes one day.7.She turned a deaf ear to our warnings and got lost.8.I'm having a party next Saturday; put it down in your diary so that you won't forget.9.The cinema she used to visit has been pulled down.10.If you don't know how to pronounce the word, refer to the dictionary.11.I've got into the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school.12.Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can put down almost every word her teacher says.13.Bears build up fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.14.Briggs will take over as general manager when Mitchell retires.15.Team leaders must ensure that all members get over their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.Ⅱ.单句改错1.His debt this year added up $10,000. add_up后加to2.Today, she lives thousands of miles away from me, but she sometimes e-mails with me about the books she is reading.去掉with3.Soon her son and daughter came the hospital.came后加to4.As a volunteer, I joined the activity.在joined后加in5.In Saturday afternoon, my friends and I decided to cook some traditional Chinese food rather than eat out.In改为On6.Therefore, make the most every second you have with your loved ones, for time keeps going, waiting for no one.the_most后加of7.In the end, he decided to pay our ice cream.pay后加for8.The girls were playing tricks to their teacher.to改为on9.You'd better set out some money for special use.out改为aside10.Children should show respect to their teachers.to改为forⅢ.语篇填空The explosion which happened in Tian Jin resulted __1__ a heavy loss. The cause of the explosion hasn't been figured __2__ so far. This accident brought __3__ a heated argument. Maybe it was the government's carelessness that accounted __4__ this accident.As far as I'm concerned, what led __5__ this accident is not important. What matters is that we should put __6__ proper safety measures before accidents happen. We should call __7__ people to fight __8__ any danger. We should spare no efforts to make up __9__ the loss caused by this explosion. And I believe our efforts will pay __10__ in future.1.in 2.out 3.about 4.for 5.to 6.forward7.on8.against9.for10.offⅣ.短文改错As indicated in the survey, it is common that parents spent little time accompanying their children. It may result in the demands of modern life and some other reason. However, parents shouldn't ignore a significance of accompanying their children. First, parents can be close connected with their children through regular communications. Second, parents' instruction seems to be very importance to their children's growth. When kids are confused about their problems or difficulties, parents' active involvement in growth can make a great difference. In addition, parents' love shown off in this way can also help their children strengthen confidence or hold a positive life attitude. So just dropping your work and cellphones to enjoy the pleasure of company.答案As indicated in the survey, it is common that parents spentlittlespendtime accompanying their children. It may result infromthe demands of modern life and some other reason. However, parents shouldn't ignore athe significance of accompanying their children. First, parents can be closeclosely connected with their children through regular communicationscommunication. Second, parents' instruction seems to be very importanceimportantto their children's growth. When kids are confused about their problems or difficulties, parents' active involvement in ∧theirgrowth can make a great difference. In addition, parents' love shown off\in this way can also help their childrenstrengthen confidence orand hold a positive life attitude. So just droppingdropyour work and cellphones to enjoy the pleasure of company.。