17供应链管理试题及答案

供应链管理试题及答案（正文开始）一、选择题1. 供应链管理是指（）。

A. 管理整个供应链的过程B. 管理供应链上的每个环节C. 管理供应链的上游环节D. 管理供应链的下游环节答案：A. 管理整个供应链的过程2. 供应链管理目标是（）。

A. 提高企业的生产效率B. 提升企业的市场占有率C. 实现供需的平衡D. 实现供应链的优化答案：D. 实现供应链的优化3. 供应链管理中的“一体化管理”指的是（）。

A. 将供应链上的每个环节进行单独管理B. 将供应链上的所有环节整合为一个整体进行管理C. 将供应链上的关键环节进行重点管理D. 将供应链的上游环节与下游环节进行分开管理答案：B. 将供应链上的所有环节整合为一个整体进行管理4. 供应链管理中的“信息共享”是指（）。

A. 各环节之间分享实时的供应链信息B. 供应链的信息只在同一环节内进行共享C. 供应链的信息只在上游环节进行共享D. 供应链的信息只在下游环节进行共享答案：A. 各环节之间分享实时的供应链信息二、填空题1. 供应链管理的核心是（）。

答案：协调2. 供应链管理的关键是（）和（）。

答案：信息共享，合作3. 供应链的成本由（）、（）和（）组成。

答案：物流成本，库存成本，信息成本三、简答题1. 请简述供应链管理的重要性及其优势。

答案：供应链管理在现代企业运营中具有重要性。

它可以帮助企业实现供应链上的协调和优化，通过整合各个环节的资源和信息，提升供应链的效率和灵活性。

供应链管理的优势包括降低成本、提高服务质量、缩短交货时间、减少库存压力等。

通过有效的供应链管理，企业可以更好地满足市场需求，提升竞争力。

2. 请阐述供应链管理中的关键环节及其作用。

答案：供应链管理中的关键环节包括供应商选择、采购管理、生产计划、物流管理和售后服务。

供应商选择是建立稳定供应链的基础，通过选择合适的供应商，确保供应链上原材料和零部件的稳定供应；采购管理是对采购过程进行有效控制和管理，确保原材料的质量和价格；生产计划是根据市场需求和资源情况进行合理安排，保证生产的顺畅进行；物流管理是对物流过程进行管控，确保产品及时送达客户手中；售后服务是提供及时的售后支持和服务，增强客户满意度。

供应链管理习题库及参考答案1.供应链是生产及流通过程中，由上游与下游企业共同建立的网链状组织，其英文简写为SCM。

2.供应链管理的目的是既提高服务水平又降低物流总成本。

3.供应链的特征包括动态性、面向用户需求、交叉性，但不包括静态性。

4.供应链不仅是一条连接供应商到用户的物料链、信息链、资金链，而且是一条增值链。

5.商流是货物所有权的转移过程，是在供货商与消费者之间进行的双向流动。

6.供应链是一个网链结构，由围绕核心企业的供应商、供应商的供应商和用户、用户的用户组成。

7.以最低的成本将原材料转化成零部件和成品，并尽量控制供应链中的库存和运输成本，这种供应链属于有效型供应链。

8.在客户市场需求稳定，且生产的产品相对成熟的情况下，效率型供应链更能发挥竞争优势。

9.基于相对稳定、单一的市场需求而形成的供应链，我们称为稳定的供应链。

10.在市场变化加剧情况下，若供应链成本增加，库存增加、浪费增加时，企业不能在最优状态下运作，此时的供应链是倾斜供应链。

11.当企业订购的产品数量大、竞争激烈时，合作伙伴选择最适宜的方法是招标法。

12.对于长期合作需求而言，合作伙伴应选择战略性合作伙伴。

13.供应链合作关系特征不包括供应链的动态性。

1.供应链的有效运营需要考虑灵敏度、应变能力、精简、柔性和协调等方面。

2.简洁性原则是供应链设计的重要原则之一，每个节点都应该精简、具有活力，并能够快速组合业务流程以快速响应市场。

3.功能性产品和创新性产品是按市场需求模式分类的两种产品类型，钢铁属于功能性产品。

4.平均缺货率高不属于功能性产品的特征。

5.边际贡献率5％－20％、产品生命周期为3个月－1年、平均缺货率10％－40％属于功能型产品的特征。

6.季末降价率高属于创新型产品的特征。

7.在为企业寻找有效的供应链前，需要确定市场需求、企业供应链类型和业务战略，并使它们相匹配和相适应，以实现产品和供应链的有效组合。

8.产品生命周期引入期的供应链策略之一是高频率、小批量的发货。

供应链管理考核试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 供应链管理的核心是（）。

A. 客户需求B. 供应商关系C. 物流管理D. 信息流管理答案：A2. 下列不属于供应链管理基本流程的是（）。

A. 采购管理B. 生产管理C. 库存管理D. 人力资源管理答案：D3. 下列哪种组织结构不利于供应链管理的协同效应（）。

A. 矩阵式组织结构B. 事业部制组织结构C. 直线式组织结构D. 网络型组织结构答案：C4. 在供应链中，第三方物流供应商的主要职责是（）。

A. 负责供应链中的全部物流活动B. 负责供应链中的部分物流活动C. 负责供应链中的信息流和物流活动D. 负责供应链中的资金流和物流活动答案：B5. 供应链风险管理主要包括（）。

A. 供应风险B. 生产风险C. 市场风险D. 所有以上风险答案：D6. 下列哪项不是供应链管理的绩效指标（）。

A. 订单履行率B. 库存周转率C. 供应商满意度D. 员工满意度答案：D7. 实施供应链管理的企业需要具备的条件有（）。

A. 良好的信息技术支持B. 强大的市场竞争力C. 完善的供应链管理体系D. 所有以上条件答案：D8. 供应链协同效应的核心是（）。

A. 资源共享B. 流程整合C. 信息共享D. 组织整合答案：C9. 下列哪种方式不属于供应链金融服务的范畴（）。

A. 融资服务B. 贷款服务C. 信用保险服务D. 库存管理服务答案：D10. 供应链管理中的可持续发展主要包括（）。

A. 环境友好型供应链B. 社会责任型供应链C. 经济效益型供应链D. 所有以上类型答案：D二、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 请简述供应链管理的概念及其目标。

答案：供应链管理是指在满足客户需求的前提下，对供应链中的物流、信息流和资金流进行有效整合和优化，以降低供应链总成本，提高供应链的运作效率和响应速度，实现供应链的可持续发展。

供应链管理的目标主要包括降低成本、提高客户满意度、提高供应链的灵活性和稳定性、提高供应链的竞争优势等。

供应链管理试题及答案一、选择题1. 供应链管理的核心目标是什么？A. 降低成本B. 提高效率C. 客户满意度D. 所有以上选项答案：D2. 以下哪个不是供应链的组成部分？A. 供应商B. 生产商C. 竞争对手D. 零售商答案：C3. 供应链中的“牛鞭效应”是指什么？A. 供应链中的波动放大现象B. 供应链中的库存过剩C. 供应链中的需求预测失误D. 供应链中的物流成本增加答案：A4. 在供应链管理中，JIT代表的是什么？A. 准时生产B. 库存管理C. 质量控制D. 供应链优化答案：A5. 供应链风险管理的主要目的是什么？A. 减少供应链成本B. 增加供应链效率C. 预防和减少供应链中断的风险D. 提高客户满意度答案：C二、填空题1. 供应链管理是一种将________、________、________和________的管理过程，以满足最终消费者的需求。

答案：原材料采购、生产、库存控制、物流配送2. 供应链战略的三个关键领域包括供应链的________、________和________。

答案：配置、协调、优化3. 在供应链管理中，________是指对供应链中的信息流、物流和资金流进行有效管理，以提高整个供应链的性能。

答案：整合4. 供应链的透明度可以提高企业的________能力和________能力，从而更好地响应市场变化。

答案：响应、决策5. 供应链金融是一种通过优化供应链中的________流动，来提高整个供应链的财务健康状况。

答案：资金三、简答题1. 简述供应链管理的重要性。

答：供应链管理对于企业来说至关重要，它涉及到从原材料采购到产品交付消费者的整个流程。

有效的供应链管理可以降低成本、提高效率、增强客户满意度和市场竞争力。

通过优化供应链的各个环节，企业能够更快地响应市场变化，减少库存积压，提高产品的质量和创新速度，从而在激烈的市场竞争中保持优势。

2. 描述供应链中的需求预测过程及其重要性。

技能认证供应链管理考试(习题卷17)说明：答案和解析在试卷最后第1部分：单项选择题，共53题，每题只有一个正确答案,多选或少选均不得分。

1.[单选题]建设工单驱动业务管理新模式是（）的必要选择。

A)配网精益管理水平B)供电服务水平C)配网数字化转型2.[单选题]供电服务指挥系统获取客户拨打95598等热线申话和各类受理渠道获取的报修故障信息，用于（）。

A)工单派发B)用户分析C)故障研判3.[单选题]协同计划、预测及补货（CPFR）严格上说是QR发展的（）阶段A)第二B)第三C)第四D)第五4.[单选题]供应链合作是建立在哪种类型业务互补的基础上开展的? ( )A)非核心业务B)核心业务C)主营业务D)非主营业务5.[单选题]由于商品特性不同,所以QR和ECR的改革重点是不同的，QR的重点是（ )A)效率B)成本C)速度D)质量6.[单选题]合并后的工单处理完毕后，需回复（回访）（）工单。

A)一张B)重要C)催办D)主、副7.[单选题]（）其实质就是创造最适合的物流运行结构，消除阻碍物流有效运行的因素，降低供应链运行成本。

A)物流一体化策略B)产销物结合化策略C)物流及时化策略8.[单选题]每一条供应链的目标是( )A)整体价值最大化B)整体成本最小化C)整体收益最大D)整体资金规模大9.[单选题]______指企业在一定时期内由于提供新型产品或服务所获得的收入占总收入的百分比。

（ ）A)新技术采用率B)研究开发投资率C)新产品收入比率D)产品质量合格率10.[单选题]下列关于《中华人民共和国招标投标法》适用范围的说法中，正确的是( )。

A)适用于我国境内进行的招标投标活动B)在香港澳门地区也适用C)只适用于我国境内进行的工程建设项目的招标投标活动D)使用国际组织贷款的项目也必须适用11.[单选题]传统的生产计划决策模式是一种集中式决策，而供应链管理环境下的决策模式是（ ）的群体决策过程。

A)集中式B)分布式C)分层式D)集成式12.[单选题]供应链运营平台的部署层级分为( )。

Chapter 17Information Technology and the Supply ChainTrue/False1. Information is crucial to the performance of a supply chain because it providesthe basis upon which supply chain managers make decisions.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy2. Information is the supply chain driver that serves as the glue allowing the otherthree drivers to work together to create an integrated, coordinated supply chain.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate3. Information makes the supply chain visible to a manager so that he can makedecisions to improve the supply chain’s performance.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate4. Information is not necessary for management to make decisions over a broadscope that crosses both functions and companies.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy5. Information must be 100 percent correct in order to make good decisions.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate6. To make good decisions, a manager needs to have accurate informationregardless of how long it takes to acquire it.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard7. Often companies will have large amounts of data that are not helpful withdecision making.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate8. Information is only a key ingredient at each stage of the supply chain, not withineach phase of supply chain decision making.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate9. The driver of IT in the supply chain has increasingly been the enterprise softwaredeveloped to enable processes both within and across companies.Answer: True10. The unsuccessful categories of software will be those focused on the supplychain macro processes.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy11. This broadening of scope across which companies make decisions emphasizesthe importance of including processes all along the supply chain when makingdecisions.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate12. To increase the supply chain surplus (and therefore their firm’s own profitability)most effectively, firms must focus primarily on improving internal processes.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate13. Functional performance is important to customers because it provides them withcapabilities to create a competitive advantage.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate14. The ability to integrate is important to a customer because applications that areeasy to integrate are generally harder to get implemented and producing value.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate15. Firms that work well with implementation partners and build up large groups ofcustomers trained on their solutions have built a highly defensible position.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate16. The goal of the CRM macro process is to negotiate an effective contract thatestablishes parameters for a supplier in a way that best meets enterprise needs.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Hard17. Weakness in the CRM process results in demand being lost and a poor customerexperience because orders are not processed and executed effectively.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy18. CRM processes are crucial to the supply chain because of the lack of interactionbetween an enterprise and its customers.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Moderate19. The customer must be the starting point when trying to increase the supply chainsurplus because all demand, and therefore revenue, ultimately arises from them.Answer: True20. When forecasting demand, ISCM interaction with SRM is essential as the SRMapplications have the most data and insight on customer behavior.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy21. The ISCM processes should have strong integration with the SRM macroprocess, because supply planning, fulfillment, and field service are all dependent on suppliers and therefore the SRM processes.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Moderate22. Every industry has the same key success factors.Answer: FalseDifficulty: Easy23. Some of the worst IT disasters are due to the fact that companies try toimplement IT systems in a wide variety of processes at the same time.Answer: TrueDifficulty: Easy24. Companies should use IT systems to make decisions, because the softwareavailable today can make many supply chain decisions for management.Answer: FalseDifficulty: EasyMultiple Choice1. Information technology (IT) consists of the toolsa. used to gain awareness of information.b. to analyze information.c. to act on information to improve the performance of the supply chain.d. all of the abovee. b and c onlyAnswer: eDifficulty: Easy2. Information isa. the supply chain driver that serves as the glue allowing the other three driversto work together to create an integrated, coordinated supply chain.b. crucial to supply chain performance.c. the key to the success of a supply chain.d. all of the abovee. a and c onlyAnswer: dDifficulty: Easy3. Informationa. provides the foundation on which supply chain processes executetransactions and managers make decisions.b. makes the supply chain visible to a manager.c. enables management to make decisions over a broad scope that crossesboth functions and companies.d. all of the abovee. b and c onlyAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate4. Information Technology (IT)a. consists of the hardware and software throughout a supply chain thatgather, analyze, and act on information.b. serves as the eyes and ears (and sometimes a portion of the brain) ofmanagement in a supply chain.c. can have a significant impact on a firm’s performance.d. all of the abovee. a and b onlyAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate5. Which of the following is not a characteristic information must have to be usefulwhen making supply chain decisions?a. Information must be accurate.b. Information must be accessible in a timely manner.c. Information must be interesting.d. Information must be of the right kind.e. All of the above are useful characteristics.Answer: cDifficulty: Moderate6. To be accurate, information musta. give the true picture of the state of the supply chain.b. be 100 percent correct.c. paint a picture of reality that is at least directionally correct.d. all of the abovee. a and c onlyAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate7. To be accessible in a timely manner, information must bea. out of date.b. current.c. easily accessible.d. all of the abovee. b and c onlyAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate8. To be of the right kind, information needs to bea. useful.b. irrelevant.c. meaningless.d. all of the abovee. b and c onlyAnswer: aDifficulty: Moderate9. Information is a key ingredienta. at each stage of the supply chain.b. within each phase of supply chain decision making.c. only at each stage of the supply chain.d. none of the abovee. a and b onlyAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate10. Enterprise softwarea. collects transaction data.b. analyzes transaction data to make decisions.c. executes decisions both within an enterprise and across its supply chain.d. all of the abovee. a and b onlyAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate11. The successful categories of software in the evolution taking place in enterprisesoftware will bea. those focused on the supply chain macro processes.b. those not focused on the supply chain macro processes.c. those focused on basic functions.d. none of the abovee. both a and cAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate12. The emergence of supply chain management has broadened the scope acrosswhich companies make decisions toa. the supplier.b. the enterprise.c. the entire supply chain.d. the customer.e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Easy13. Which of the following is not one of the supply chain macro processes?a. Customer Relationship Management (CRM)b. Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM)c. Supplier Relationship Management (SRM)d. Transaction Management Foundation (TMF)e. All of the above are supply chain macro processes.Answer: cDifficulty: Easy14. Processes that focus on downstream interactions between the enterprise and itscustomers are included ina. Customer Relationship Management (CRM).b. Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM).c. Supplier Relationship Management (SRM).d. Transaction Management Foundation (TMF).e. none of the aboveAnswer: aDifficulty: Easy15. Processes that focus on internal operations within the enterprise are considereda. Customer Relationship Management (CRM).b. Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM).c. Supplier Relationship Management (SRM).d. Transaction Management Foundation (TMF).e. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Easy16. Processes that focus on upstream interactions between the enterprise and itssuppliers are part ofa. Customer Relationship Management (CRM).b. Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM).c. Supplier Relationship Management (SRM).d. Transaction Management Foundation (TMF).e. none of the aboveAnswer: cDifficulty: Easy17. Software that provides the foundation upon which the macro processes restthrough basic ERP systems, infrastructure software, and integration software isa. Customer Relationship Management (CRM).b. Internal Supply Chain Management (ISCM).c. Supplier Relationship Management (SRM).d. Transaction Management Foundation (TMF).e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Easy18. To increase the supply chain surplus (and therefore their firm’s own profitability)most effectively, firms musta. expand their scope beyond their enterprise.b. focus primarily on improving internal processes.c. think in terms of all three supply chain macro processes.d. all of the abovee. a and c onlyAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate19. Which of the following is not a factor determining the success of software firmsfocused on a macro process?a. functional performanceb. color and images on working screensc. integration with other macro processesd. s trength of the software firm’s ecosysteme. none of the aboveAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate20. Functional performance is important to customers becausea. advanced functionality is rarely utilized.b. it provides them with capabilities to create a competitive advantage.c. the ease of use is crucial to successful use.d. all of the abovee. b and c onlyAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate21. The ability to integrate is important to a customer becausea. applications that are easy to integrate are generally easier to getimplemented and producing value.b. applications that integrate across macro processes will be able to providethe benefits of making decisions for the extended supply chain.c. firms that do not have integrated solutions in all three macro processeshave a competitive advantage.d. both a and be. both a and cAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate22. A firm’s ecosystema. is the network of software partners and, more importantly, systemsintegrators and installed base.b. provides assistance in selling and implementing software.c. will determine how strong the network will be that provides support to acustomer both during implementation and down the road.d. all of the abovee. a and c onlyAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate23. The goal of the CRM macro process is toa. negotiate an effective contract that best meets enterprise needs.b. improve the design of products.c. fulfill demand generated by ISCM processes.d. generate customer demand and facilitate transmission and tracking oforders.e. none of the aboveAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate24. Weakness in the CRM process results ina. orders that are not processed and executed effectively.b. demand being lost.c. a poor customer experience.d. all of the abovee. a and b onlyAnswer: dDifficulty: Easy25. Which of the following is a key process under CRM?a. Strategic Planningb. Fulfillmentc. Field Serviced. Demand Planninge. Order ManagementAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate26. Which of the following is not a key process under CRM?a. Marketb. Demand Planningc. Order Managementd. Selle. Call CenterAnswer: bDifficulty: Hard27. The CRM processes are crucial to the supply chain becausea. all demand, and therefore revenue, ultimately arises from the customer.b. CRM processes (and also CRM software) must be integrated with internaloperations to optimize performance.c. customer-focused units should be working independently from internaloperations.d. all of the abovee. a and b onlyAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate28. The customer must be the starting point when trying to increase the supply chainsurplus becausea. customer-focused units are more effective when working independently.b. all demand, and therefore revenue, ultimately arises from them.c. internal operations cannot optimize performance.d. all of the abovee. a and c onlyAnswer: bDifficulty: Hard29. Which of the following is a key process under ISCM?a. Design Collaborationb. Negotiatec. Supply Collaborationd. Supply Planninge. Order ManagementAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate30. Which of the following is not a key process under ISCM?a. Strategic Planningb. Fulfillmentc. Supply Collaborationd. Demand Planninge. Field ServiceAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate31. There needs to be strong integration between the ISCM and CRM macroprocesses becausea. the ISCM macro process aims to fulfill demand that is generated by CRMprocesses.b. CRM applications have the most data and insight on customer behaviorto be used in forecasting.c. fulfillment and field service are all dependent on suppliers.d. all of the abovee. a and b onlyAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate32. The ISCM processes should have strong integration with the SRM macroprocess becausea. SRM applications have the most data and insight on customer behavior tobe used in forecasting.b. supply planning, fulfillment, and field service are all dependent onsuppliers.c. order management must integrate closely with fulfillment and be an inputfor effective demand planning.d. all of the abovee. a and b onlyAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate33. Which of the following is a major SRM process?a. Strategic Planningb. Order Managementc. Design Collaborationd. Supply Planninge. FulfillmentAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate34. Which of the following is not a major SRM process?a. Supply Planningb. Buyc. Design Collaborationd. Sourcee. NegotiateAnswer: aDifficulty: Hard35. ERP systemsa. were focused on building transaction management and processautomation systems.b. proved to be the foundation for future decision support applications.c. excelled at the automation of simple transactions and processes as wellas the creation of an integrated way to store and view.d. all of the abovee. b and c onlyAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate36. Select an IT system that addresses the company’s key success factors becausea. every industry has the same key success factors.b. IT systems need to give a company an advantage in the areas mostcrucial to the success of the business.c. these elements do not determine whether or not a company is going to besuccessful.d. all of the abovee. a and b onlyAnswer: bDifficulty: Moderate37. Take incremental steps and measure value becausea. some of the worst IT disasters are due to the fact that companies try toimplement IT systems in a wide variety of processes at the same time.b. companies should not take a big picture perspective.c. the big picture perspective should be implemented in digestible pieces.d. all of the abovee. a and c onlyAnswer: eDifficulty: Moderate38. Align the level of sophistication with the need for sophistication becausea. there is a trade-off between the ease of implementing a system and thesystem’s level of complexity.b. erring on the less sophisticated side leaves the firm with a competitiveweakness.c. trying to be too sophisticated leads to a higher possibility of the entiresystem failing.d. all of the abovee. a and b onlyAnswer: dDifficulty: Moderate39. Use IT systems to support decision making, not to make decisions becausea. the software available today can make many supply chain decisions formanagement.b. companies need to maintain the amount of managerial effort they spendon supply chain issues.c. management needs to be able to make adjustments in the supply chainbecause the competitive and customer landscape changes.d. all of the abovee. b and c onlyAnswer: cDifficulty: Moderate40. Companies need to think about the future becausea. trends in a company’s industry regarding insignificant characteristicscould become crucial in the future.b. managers need to explore how flexible the systems will be when changesare required in the future.c. IT systems often last for many more years than originally planned.d. all of the abovee. b and c onlyAnswer: dDifficulty: ModerateEssay/Problems1. Explain the role of information in the supply chain.Answer: Information is crucial to the performance of a supply chain because itprovides the basis upon which supply chain managers make decisions.Information is the supply chain driver that serves as the glue allowing the otherthree drivers to work together to create an integrated, coordinated supply chain.Information is crucial to supply chain performance because it provides thefoundation on which supply chain processes execute transactions and managers make decisions. Therefore, information makes the supply chain visible to amanager. With this visibility, a manager can make decisions to improve thesupply chain’s performance. In many ways, information is the most important ofthe four supply chain drivers because without it, none of the other drivers can beused to deliver a high level of performance.Information is the key to the success of a supply chain because it enablesmanagement to make decisions over a broad scope that crosses both functionsand companies. Successful supply chain strategy results from viewing the supply chain as a whole, rather than looking only at the individual stages. By taking aglobal scope across the entire supply chain, a manager is able to craft strategies that take into account all factors that affect the supply chain, rather than justthose factors affecting a particular stage or function within the supply chain.Taking the entire chain into account maximizes the profit of the total supply chain, which then leads to higher profits for each individual company within the supplychain.Difficulty: Hard2. Explain the role of information technology in the supply chain.Answer: Information is crucial to the performance of a supply chain because itprovides the basis upon which supply chain managers make decisions.Information technology (IT) consists of the tools used to gain awareness ofinformation, analyze this information, and act on it to improve the performance of the supply chain. Information is crucial to supply chain performance because itprovides the foundation on which supply chain processes execute transactionsand managers make decisions. Given the role of information in a supply chain’ssuccess, managers must understand how information is gathered and analyzed.This is where IT comes into play. IT consists of the hardware and softwarethroughout a supply chain that gather, analyze, and act on information. IT serves as the eyes and ears (and sometimes a portion of the brain) of management in a supply chain, capturing and analyzing the information necessary to make a gooddecision. Using IT systems to capture and analyze information can have asignificant impact on a firm’s performance.Difficulty: Moderate3. Explain the characteristics information must have to be useful for decisionmaking in a supply chain.Answer: Information must have the following characteristics to be useful whenmaking supply chain decisions:1. Information must be accurate. Without information that gives the truepicture of the state of the supply chain, it is very difficult to make gooddecisions. That is not to say all information must be 100 percent correctbut rather that the data available paint a picture of reality that is at leastdirectionally correct.2. Information must be accessible in a timely manner. Often accurateinformation exists, but by the time it is available, it is either out of date or ifit is current, it is not in an accessible form. To make good decisions, amanager needs to have up-to-date information that is easily accessible.3. Information must be of the right kind. Decision makers needinformation that they can use. Often companies will have large amountsof data that are not helpful with decision making. Companies must thinkabout what information should be recorded so that valuable resources arenot wasted collecting meaningless data while important data goesunrecorded.When managers have good information, they have supply chain visibility,enabling them to take a global scope. With this global scope, they areable to make the best decisions for the supply chain. Therefore,information is a key to supply chain success.Difficulty: Moderate4. Describe the factors that determine the success of firms involved in the softwareindustry.Answer: Among software firms focused on a macro process, the following threefactors determine their success:1. Functional performance2. Integration with other macro processes3. Strength of the software firm’s ecosystemFunctional performance is important to customers because it provides them with capabilities to create a competitive advantage. In addition to raw functionalperformance (qualities such as the ability to optimize both price and supply in an integrated fashion), the ease of use is crucial to success in this category. Somesoftware has very advanced functionality but is very difficult to use. As a result,the advanced functionality is rarely utilized. Software firms with lower levels offunctionality but with high ease of use can, in essence, provide mo re “usable”functionality to their customers and therefore gain an edge.The ability to integrate is important to a customer for a variety of reasons.Applications that are easy to integrate are generally easier to get implementedand producing value. Integration is also crucial across different macro processes.Applications that integrate across macro processes will be able to provide thebenefits of making decisions for the extended supply chain. This gives an edge to firms that offer a full line of integrated solutions in all three macro processes.Finally, a firm’s ecosystem - the network of software partners and, moreimportantly, systems integrators and installed base - provides assistance inselling and implementing software. Firms that work well with implementationpartners and build up large groups of customers trained on their solutions havebuilt a highly defensible position. For another firm to capture this businessrequires that they be so far superior that it is worth the retraining andreintegration effort, which is often quite significant. For a customer, a strongecosystem means a strong network to provide support both duringimplementation and down the road.These criteria are also important for customers of supply chain software. Thesecriteria are the key to success for software companies precisely because theyimprove supply chain performance for firms. Thus, companies should evaluatesoftware providers along these lines to determine their choice of software vendor.Difficulty: Moderate5. Discuss how the three supply chain macro processes interface in order to besuccessful.Answer: The goal of the CRM macro process is to generate customer demandand facilitate transmission and tracking of orders. Weakness in this processresults in demand being lost and a poor customer experience because orders arenot processed and executed effectively. CRM processes are crucial to the supply chain as they cover a vast amount of interaction between an enterprise and its customers. The customer must be the starting point when trying to increase the supply chain surplus because all demand, and therefore revenue, ultimately arises from them. Thus, the CRM macro process is the starting point when improving supply chain performance. It is also important to note that CRM processes (and also CRM software) must be integrated with internal operations to optimize performance. Too often companies operate with their customer-focused units working independently from their internal operations. The need for integration between CRM and internal operations emphasizes the importance of CRM to an effective supply chain.ISCM includes all processes involved in planning for and fulfilling a customer order. Given that the ISCM macro process aims to fulfill demand that is generated by CRM processes, there needs to be strong integration between the ISCM and CRM macro processes. When forecasting demand, interaction with CRM is essential, as the CRM applications are touching the customer and have the most data and insight on customer behavior. Similarly, the ISCM processes should have strong integration with the SRM macro process. Supply planning, fulfillment, and field service are all dependent on suppliers and therefore the SRM processes. It is of little use for your factory to have the production capacity to meet demand if your supplier cannot supply the parts to make your product. Order management, which we discussed in CRM, must integrate closely with fulfillment and be an input for effective demand planning. Again, good supply chain management requires that we integrate across the macro processes. Significant improvement in supply chain performance can be achieved if SRM processes are well integrated with appropriate CRM and ISCM processes. For instance, when designing a product, incorporating input from customers is a natural way to improve the design. This would require inputs from processes within CRM. Sourcing, negotiating, buying, and collaborating primarily tie into ISCM as supplier inputs are needed to produce and execute an optimal plan. But even these segments have the need to interface with CRM processes such as order management.Integrating the three macro processes is crucial for improved supply chain performance.Difficulty: Moderate。

《供应链管理（专科）》17年9月在线作业一、单选题（共 30 道试题，共 60 分。

）1. 对于创新型产品为特征的供应链管理，应该考虑( )运作策略，追求对客户需求的快速反应A. 有效性作业B. 反应性作业C. 功能性作业D. 精益性作业正确答案：B2. 推动式的供应链运作方式是以（）为核心的，对需求变动的响应能能力较差A. 供应商B. 制造商C. 分销商D. 零售商正确答案：B3. （）不是供应链战略联盟的形式。

A. 合同项目B. 第三方物流C. 分销商一体化D. 零售商－供应商伙伴关系正确答案：A4. 对整个供应链系统进行计划、协调、操作、控制和优化的各种活动和过程 , 叫做 ( )。

A. 供应链管理B. 供应链C. 物流管理D. 物流正确答案：A5. 人们设置库存的目的，不包括( )A. 增加固定资产B. 防止缺货C. 保持生产连续性D. 快速满足订货需求正确答案：A6. 在大多数的跨国公司中，选择供应商的基本准则“Q.C.D.S.”是（）A. 质量、成本、交付与服务并重的原则B. 数量、成本、交付与服务并重的原则C. 价格、质量、成本与服务并重的原则D. 质量、价格、成本与服务并重的原则正确答案：A7. 供应链管理就是运用一种 ( ) 管理思想和方法 , 对一系列活动或全过程跟踪管理，它执行供应链中从供应商到最终客户的物流计划和控制等职能。

A. 集成B. 复杂C. 动态D. 系统正确答案：A8. 供应链从上、下游关系来理解，不可能是单一链状结构，而是交错链状的（）A. 网络结构B. 闭环结构C. 星状结构D. 总线结构正确答案：B9. ECR代表的意思是( )A. 有效客户反应B. 快速响应C. 业务流程再造D. 精益制造正确答案：D10. 供应链形成的背景说法不正确的是（）A. 经济全球化B. 社会大分工的形成C. 社会信息化D. 知识创新正确答案：B11. 在供应链管理模式下，采购活动是以（）驱动方式进行的A. 计划B. 订单C. 库存D. 生产正确答案：C12. 供应链合作伙伴关系的目的是（）A. 缩短采购提前期，提高供货的柔性B. 加快资金周转C. 缩短供应链总周转期达到降低成本和提高质量的目的D. 减少供应商数目正确答案：C13. 供应链管理以 ( ) 为导向A. 生产商需求B. 零售商需求C. 制造商需求D. 客户需求正确答案：D14. 供应商管理最主要的两个领域就是供应商的选择和( )A. 供应商的关系管理B. 供应商的目标管理C. 供应商的成本管理D. 供应商的考核管理正确答案：A15. 供应链管理的本质是在追求（），以较小的产品前置时间与运营成本为最佳考量A. 企业合作的效率B. 企业合作的速度C. 企业合作的收益D. 企业合作的深度正确答案：A16. 下列哪种说法是错误的 ( ) 。

供应链考试的题目和答案供应链管理考试题目及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 供应链管理的核心是（）。

A. 降低成本B. 提高效率C. 客户满意度D. 以上都是答案：D2. 供应链管理不包括以下哪一项（）。

A. 供应商管理B. 库存管理C. 财务管理D. 客户关系管理答案：C3. 供应链中的“链”指的是（）。

A. 产品链B. 信息链C. 价值链D. 以上都是答案：D4. 供应链管理的最终目标是（）。

A. 提高利润B. 降低成本C. 提高客户满意度D. 以上都是答案：D5. 供应链中的“上游”指的是（）。

A. 供应商B. 制造商C. 零售商D. 消费者答案：A6. 供应链管理中的“牛鞭效应”是由于（）。

A. 信息不对称B. 需求预测不准确C. 库存管理不当D. 以上都是答案：D7. 供应链管理中的“供应商关系管理”主要关注（）。

A. 价格谈判B. 质量控制C. 交货时间D. 以上都是答案：D8. 供应链中的“库存”包括（）。

A. 原材料B. 在制品C. 成品D. 以上都是答案：D9. 供应链管理中的“需求计划”主要关注（）。

A. 历史数据B. 市场趋势C. 促销活动D. 以上都是答案：D10. 供应链管理中的“运输管理”主要关注（）。

A. 运输成本B. 运输时间C. 运输安全D. 以上都是答案：D二、多项选择题（每题3分，共30分）1. 供应链管理的主要环节包括（）。

A. 采购B. 生产C. 销售D. 客户服务答案：ABCD2. 供应链管理中的风险包括（）。

A. 供应风险B. 需求风险C. 运输风险D. 信息风险答案：ABCD3. 供应链管理中的“协同”包括（）。

A. 供应商协同B. 制造商协同C. 零售商协同D. 客户协同答案：ABCD4. 供应链管理中的“信息技术”包括（）。

A. 企业资源规划（ERP）B. 供应链执行系统（SCE）C. 客户关系管理（CRM）D. 电子商务（e-commerce）答案：ABCD5. 供应链管理中的“绩效评估”包括（）。

供应链管理试卷一、名词解释（每题4分，共20分）1、供应链管理2、业务外包3、客户关系管理4、ABC分类法5、标杆二、简答题（每题8分，共40分）1、简答供应链管理的目标。

2、简述ECR的特征。

3、准时化采购策略有哪些？4、简答标杆管理的实施步骤。

5、物流成本管理的意义有哪些？三、计算题（每题1分，共10分）假使有一家油料加工企业，年徐某物资1200单位，单价为10元/单位，年保管费用为20%，每次订货成本为300元求经济订购批量。

四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）1、论述我国发展供应链条件下战略联盟的主要对策。

2、简述供应链管理环境下的库存问题。

供应链管理A答案一、名词解释（每题4分，共20分）6、供应链管理：是一种集成的管理思想和方法，它执行供应链中从供应商到最终用户的物流的计划和控制等职能。

从单一的企业角度来看，是指企业通过改善上、下游供应链关系，整合和优化供应链中的信息流、物流、资金流，以获得企业的竞争优势。

7、业务外包：业务外包（Outsourcing）是近几年发展起来的一种新的经营策略。

即企业把内部业务的一部分承包给外部专门机构。

其实质是企业重新定位，重新配置企业的各种资源，将资源集中于最能反映企业相对优势的领域，塑造和发挥企业自己独特的、难以被其他企业模仿或替代的核心业务，构筑自己竞争优势，获得使企业持续发展的能力。

8、客户关系管理：是Customer Relationship Management的简写，即客户关系管理。

CRM的主要含义就是通过对客户详细资料的深入分析，来提高客户满意程度，从而提高企业的竞争力的一种手段。

客户关系是指围绕客户生命周期发生、发展的信息归集。

9、ABC分类法：ABC分类法又称帕累托分析法或巴雷托分析法、柏拉图分析、主次因分析法、ABC分析法、分类管理法、重点管理法、ABC管理法、abc管理、巴雷特分析法，平常我们也称之为“80对20”规则。

它是根据事物在技术或经济方面的主要特征，进行分类排队，分清重点和一般，从而有区别地确定管理方式的一种分析方法。

试卷B课程名称：供应链管理考试方式：完毕时限：班级名称：学号：姓名：一、不定项选择题（多选、少选或错选均不给分，每题1分，共20分）1.供应链管理中有两个理念吸引许多跨国企业旳青睐：（）A. 轻资产运作B. 迅速响应C. 协同运作D. 运作高效率2.除了质量、成本和柔性，如下尚有哪些是供应链管理可以实现旳客户价值：（）A. 交付能力B. 交付数量C. 创新D. 服务质量3.如下哪些是供应链管理需要旳信息质量特点？（）A. 精确旳B. 有关旳C. 及时旳D. 可传递旳4.库存在供应链中不一样环节旳体现形式大体可以分为生产库存和（）。

A. 循环库存B. 安全库存C. 季节性库存D. 投机库存旳5.供应链上旳不确定性可体现为两种不确定性：（）A. 供应不确定B. 衔接不确定C. 运作不确定D. 配送不确定6.供应链联盟旳动因在于两个方面：（）和加强企业关键竞争力。

A. 迅速响应市场B. 减少信息成本C. 增长市场份额D. 减少库存成本7.我们认为可通过如下几种方式来建立一条柔性旳供应链：（）A. 库存冗余B. 及时响应C. 延迟制造D. 物流配送8.优秀供应链旳4A特质：（）和构建价值旳能力。

A. 敏捷力B. 适应力C. 持续力D. 协同力9.收益管理旳关键在于（）。

A. 价格一致B. 价格细分C. 利润D. 供应链10.差异化定价方略大体可以分为（）。

A. 顾客差异化定价B. 渠道差异化定价C. 产品差异化定价D. 时间差异化定价11.供应链管理中旳信息作用重要有（）A. 协调供应链运作B. 减少供应链运作成本C. 提高供应链市场反应能力D. 增强企业旳运作柔性和战略优势12.供应链中旳两大信息陷阱是（）A. 信息拥有不完美B. 信息拥有不对称C. 信息传递不完美D. 信息传递不对称13.牛鞭效应产生旳原因有（）A. 需求预测偏差B. 订货批量决策C. 价格波动D. 短缺博弈14.如下哪几点是外包业务旳风险？（）A. 供应链权力转移B. 服务水平下降C. 竞争隐患D. 技术外溢15.如下哪一项不是使用第三方物流旳企业旳优越性。