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睡谷的传说作者：来源：《阅读与作文（英语高中版）》2005年第11期The spooky Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的传说Motto（箴言真谛）“so, on this Halloween ,be careful if you go out alone at night……Maybe you should stay at home with a good book.”所以，万圣节你独自外出时一定要小心……或许你应该呆在家里读本好书。
)Questions(边想边读)·When you were a kid, did you hear of any legnds?·Who is the hero of the story and where does he works?·Why do you think he disappears?Reading(阅读欣赏)The Legend1 of Sleepy Hollow is an old short story by WashingtonIrving. It is about a schoolteacher whose name is Ichabod Crane .He goes to teach at a small school in a quiet2 little town called Sleepy Hollow.《睡谷的传说》是华盛顿·欧文（Washington Irving ）的一篇古老的短篇故事。
这是一个关于老师的故事，老师的名字叫伊卡博德·克雷恩（Ichabod Crane）。
他在一个名为“睡谷”的宁静小镇上教书。
In the story，Ichabod is funny -looking and strange. He reads a lot about ghosts and wiches3bus is still scared of them. When he walks home alone at night, he feels scared. He thinks that they might be trying to get him .To keep himself from beingsecared , he sings songs.故事中，伊卡博德是一个长相滑稽、举止怪异的人。
The legend of sleepy hollow( one )IN the bosom of one of those spacious coves which indent the eastern shore of the Hudson, at that broad expansion of the river denominated by the ancient Dutch navigators the Tappan Zee, and where they always prudently shortened sail, and implored the protection of St. Nicholas when they crossed, there lies a small market-town or rural port, which by some is called Greensburgh, but which is more generally and properly known by the name of Tarry Town. This name was given, we are told, in former days, by the good housewives of the adjacent country, from the inveterate propensity of their husbands to linger about the village tavern on market days. Be that as it may, I do not vouch for the fact, but merely advert to it, for the sake of being precise and authentic. Not far from this village, perhaps about two miles, there is a little valley, or rather lap of land, among high hills, which is one of the quietest places in the whole world. A small brook glides through it, with just murmur enough to lull one to repose; and the occasional whistle of a quail, or tapping of a woodpecker, is almost the only sound that ever breaks in upon the uniform tranquillity. Spacious:having or providing much space, roomycove:小海湾denominated:ruled, ledprudently:carefully and cautiouslyindent: make a mark or set of marks by cutting into the edge or surface of sth使物体表面形成凹陷，凹坑，或缺口谨慎地，慎重地Implored:beg forInveterate:根深蒂固的Propensity: customLinger:wanderTavern:pubV ouch : guaranteeAdvert:referprecise : accurateauthentic:truelap: area formed by the upper part of the thighs when seatedglides:flowslull:make one to sleepprepose:sleepquail:鹌鹑woodpecker:啄木鸟tranquillity:silence。
The Legend of Sleepy Hollow欧文从书本中寻找和发现传说,再用自己的经历改写这种幽默的传说,本能地将其融合到自己创作的素材中。
他刻画了一个极其滑稽的伊克保德,使人们难以忘怀。
虽然美国人都喜欢赢家,可欧文描写的布鲁姆·波尼更接近现实生活,却不易记住。
当然,伊克保德并不是一个彻底的失败者。
他所失去的只是一个农场姑娘的爱和自尊心。
何况这位姑娘并不爱他。
伊克保德这名字出自圣经,象征着没落了的宗教信仰和衰败了的世界秩序的遗憾,也是表示追惜往日的光荣。
他的名字也暗示了一种衰老。
“她给孩子起名叫伊克保德并说:光荣从以色列离开了。
”(Isam iv 21)当然,伊克保德不是古以色列犹太人。
虽然是一位受人尊敬的与时代不相符合的人物,却是一位美国英雄。
因此,他永垂不朽。
他离开睡谷后,在城市里成功了。
布鲁姆·波尼却留在村庄了,并且还得到了心爱的姑娘。
他比伊克保德更应该得到这位姑娘的爱,因为在与伊克保德的竞争中,布鲁姆·波尼经受了嫉妒和强烈的爱这两种感情的折磨。
伊克保德只有恐惧感和野心,却没有爱情。
他不是一个失败者,他生活充实和富裕,完全体验了这两种感情带给他的生存的意义。
那就是在睡谷的恐惧和在纽约的野心,也是同样的野心促使他向凯璀娜求婚,后来又促使他坐上了编辑和法官的位子。
这种勃勃的野心只有在大城市里才能实现。
在民间传说中的睡谷里不可能实现。
因为这里的村民像空气一样纯洁。
伊克保德不是一个完美的人。
这个知识分子满脑子都是些不合时代的想法。
他的心思都在追求物质上。
这种人只能在腐败的文明中才能产生。
----选自人物的原创与作品的原创---读华盛顿·欧文的《睡谷的传说》高庆选(青海师范大学外语系青海西宁810008) The story of Washington Irving…s the legend of sleepy hollow was brought from the ancient folk legends of Germany. Though the story was not originally created by him, by change the setting of he wrote a tale of the culture of American.Throughout Washington Irving…s life, he had traveled to Europe for three times during which he learned the history and culture as well as literature and arts of European countries. His experiences in Europe have tremendous shaped his works. The legend of sleepy hollow was a combination of ancient folk legends and his unique thoughts mainly came from his experiences.An important character in the legend of sleepy hollow is Ichabod Crane, who was act as an instructor for the children of the tranquil sleepy hollow. “The cognomen of Crane was not inapplicable to his person. He was tall, but exceedingly lank, with narrow shoulders, long arms and legs, hands that dangled a mile out of his sleeves, feet that might have served for shovels, and his whole frame most loosely hung together. His head was small, and flat at top, with huge ears, large green glassy eyes, and a long snipe nose, so that it looked like a weather-cock perched upon his spindle neck to tell which way the wind blew”. He did that job neither out of enjoying getting together with students nor out of liking the quiet place. He was not an original of thehollow, in another words, he is a later comer. Thus, in many aspects, he was different from other people in the place. He was not welcomed among most men, while welcomed by many women, especially by those married women whose husbands are not very gentle. Ichabod Crane was special in the place; his behaviors were not the same as others. Usually, he had to do something to gain favorable Impression to get meals and accommodation in his students‟homes to survive him. In his heart, he desperately long for a rich life, when there occurred an opportunity to married Katrina V an Tassel, the only daughter of a substantial Dutch farmer, he grasp it firmly for that could make a great change of his situation. What frustrated him was his competitor Brom V an Brunt, the hero of the country round defeated him at the end, then married to Katrina V an Tassel. However, Ichabod Crane was forced to leave the sleep hollow by the tricks played by his rival. Failure as he was in the country, he became a successor in the city of New Y ork.In the story, it is true that Brom V an Brunt was a successor in pursuing Katrina V an Tassel‟s love, but just as the comment above, he was not a hero in readers mind and was not remembered by readers. He may love his girl deeper than Ichabod Crane for his move was deeply related to the girl‟s attitude toward him, and he spared no efforts to demean his rival. He deserved to win his girl‟s love though the methods he used were a little unfair. Moreover, a man like him is more suitable to live in the country. As to Ichabod Crane, he was so abhorrent in that place. His love to Katrina V an Tassel was deep on her father‟s fortune, rather than love come from sincere. What‟s more, his behaviors and thoughts have a sharp difference with others. Thus he was doomed to not integrate into the country. It was suggested that the outside world was better for him from his latter successful experiences in New Y ork City. In the outside world, his ability was applied to the situation where it is needed, his behaviors were accepted by others, and his ambitions were satisfied by his efforts.There was an old saying that when there is a will, there is a way. However, without appropriate environment, a strong will could make nothing different. The example of Ichabod Crane is a strong proof. If he did not leave that sleep hollow that full of residents without any ambitions, he would never live up to his expectation. Once he set himself in a right place, he could gain what he wanted if there was opportunity and endeavors.During the developing period of capitalism, it is inevitable that the value of people under the capitalism rule is sometimes twisty, especially when the value of the capitalism itself has some problems. The value of Ichabod Crane in the story was a product of times. Mostly, it seemed to be unavoidable, it tended to be destined. Many people at that time held the same values as Ichabod Crane, it is also an fact that now a majority have the same faith with Ichabod Crane.。
在《睡谷的传说》中，欧文通过环境描写和气氛烘托，成功地展现了一个偏僻山村幽静的生活情景，在这里发生了一个名叫伊卡包德·克莱恩的美国穷教师和庄稼汉的爱情冲突故事，具有独特哥特色彩。
作者通过以第三者的口吻讲故事，伊卡包德·克莱恩是小说讽刺的对象，他小心眼、迷信、缺乏创造力，给睡谷这个自给自足的小天地里带来不和谐的声音。
他到这里是来教书的，对于小点儿的和大点儿的学生区别对待，体现了严厉的教学管理方式。
声称是代替家长教育他们。
到每个学生家里吃饭是当时的习惯，是因为他的收入很少，想从学生家占点便宜。
他还是该地区的歌咏教师。
年轻的农妇很看好他，觉得他比他们的丈夫有修养，举止文明，每每受到她们的热情款待，因此受到村里的男人的嫉妒，到学生家里吃饭时，常为村民们帮忙打杂，为了讨得一些漂亮母亲的欢心，尽量讨好学生的家长，特别是年轻的母亲，这个长得像鹤一样的家伙，他特别贪财，爱占小便宜，满脑子里想的都是如何才能赚更多的钱，聚敛更多的物质财富。
他还很迷信、尤其相信鬼神之类的故事，他恐惧的原因是常常去听老夫人的古怪的故事特别是无头骑士的传说，他想听可还害怕，当夜晚来临时，他的恐惧达到了高潮。
教音乐时，伊卡包德·克莱恩爱上德高望重的荷兰农夫的女儿卡特琳娜。
与其说伊卡包德爱上卡特琳娜，不如说是他看上了卡特琳娜将继承的财富。
当他到卡特琳娜家做客时，吸引他目光的不是女主人的美貌，而是宽敞的屋子，漂亮的壁炉，墙上挂着的羊毛、玉米、干果以及桌子上热腾腾的美食。
每当他想起卡特琳娜，引发的联想都和卡特琳娜的父亲所拥有的田产有关。
“他的一对大绿眼珠，溜溜地望着凡·塔塞尔这座温暖住宅周围的那些肥沃的草原、丰饶的小麦田、裸麦田、荞麦田和玉米田，以及果实累累的果园，心里不由思慕着将要继承这一切财产的姑娘。
”当伊卡包德遭到情人卡特琳娜拒绝，借酒消愁，喝得醉醺醺地骑马回家时，在途中遇到了无名骑士而传说丧生。
有的传说是离开了睡谷的伊卡包德·克莱恩却找到了施展才华的天地：他在纽约“得了律师执照，变成了政客，奔走竞选，给报纸写文章，最后终于当上了十镑法庭的法官。
