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专题05动词的时态、语态和主谓一致养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
2023年高考真题1.【2023年全国乙卷】____46____ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I ____47____ (amaze) by theco-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. ...The ____49____ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, _____50_____ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。
2023年高考英语考前必练谓语动词的时态语态（含近三年真题及解析）一、动词的时态特殊用法1.在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，如果主句谓语动词是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
如：We’ll have a picnic if it is fine next Sunday.如果下个星期日天气晴朗，我们将去野餐。
I’ll call you as soon as I get to Beijing tomorrow.我明天一到北京就给你打电话。
2.某些表示起始、往返、出发、到达之意的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排将要发生的动作(此时一般都有一个表示未来时间的状语)。
这类动词有：begin, come, go, leave, start, arrive, end, stop, open, close等。
如：The meeting begins at 2:00 p.m. tomorrow.这个会议明天下午2点开始。
The next train leaves at 7 o’clock this evening.下一列火车将在今晚7点离开。
3.现在进行时与always, continually, forever等副词连用，表示反复出现或习惯性的动作，这种用法往往表达说话人的某种感情，如赞扬、遗憾、讨厌或不满等。
如：The rich woman is always laughing at the poor.这个有钱的夫人总是嘲笑穷人。
4.现在完成时中表示短暂动作的动词不能与for, since等引导的时间状语连用。
如与一段时间连用，要把瞬间动词转化为意思相近的延续性动词。
常见的变化有：特殊用法1.open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表示被动意义。
如：This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种钢笔写起来很流畅。
专题06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致1.（2023年新高考II卷）As a little girl, I ________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.2.（2023年浙江卷1月）Citizens of higher social classes (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles.3. （2023年浙江卷1月）The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often______ (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子).1.(2022年全国高考新高考I卷语法填空) The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ________ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.2.(2022年全国高考新高考I卷语法填空) After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones,and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.3. (2022年全国高考新高考II卷语法填空) Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.4. （2022年浙江卷1月）But Cobb and others ________ (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ________ (change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. （所给词的适当形式填空）5. （2022年浙江卷1月）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics — many of the climate scientists ________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空)6.（2022年浙江卷1月）Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane________(view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. （所给词的适当形式填空）7.（2022年浙江卷6月）When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ________ (notice)her smile right away. ”8.（2022年北京卷）This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally ________ (have) no recognizable smell.9.（2022年天津卷）Food and medical supplies________ to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday.A. distributeB. distributedC. are distributedD. were distributed10.（2022年天津卷）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions.A. prepareB. preparesC. is preparingD. are preparing1. （2021年新高考I卷）You can’t help wondering how hard it________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. (所给词的适当形式填空）2. （2021新课标II卷）Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I’d send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. (所给词的适当形式填空)3. （2021年浙江卷6月）It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Pohomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ________ (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the publie. （所给词的适当形式填空）4. （2021年浙江卷1月）Mary’s niece wrote, “The little home ________(paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it.” (所给词的适当形式填空)5. （2021年浙江卷1月）After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and________ (sell) most of their furniture. （所给词的适当形式填空）6. （2021年浙江卷1月）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, anda BMI of between 19 and 25 ________ (consider) healthy.(所给词的适当形式填空）7. （2021年浙江卷1月）The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain ________ (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men.(所给词的适当形式填空）8. （2021年北京高考）As it ________ (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream.9. （2021年北京卷）There ________(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. （所给词的适当形式填空）10.（2021年天津卷）Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he ________ jobs by a dozen computer companies.A. has offeredB. has been offeredC. had offeredD. had been offered。
解密06动词的时态和语态1. 语法填空以时态的考查为主，语态的考查为辅。
2. 在语法填空中侧重考查一般时，进行时及完成时。
3. 动词的时态和语态是高考中出现频率最高的语法项目。
考题创设的语境比较明确，通常是根据所设置的语境中的信息判断时态以及主谓语之间的主谓或动宾关系。
【备考建议】1. 了解并能正确运用常考的11种时态；2. 熟练运用现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般过去时等高考高频时态；3. 掌握几种易混时态的区别，如现在完成时和一般过去时等。
一般时包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和一般过去将来时。
一般现在时1.一般现在时的基本用法a. 表示现在习惯性的动作或存在状态b. 表示客观事实或普遍真理c. 表示主语的特征、能力和状态d. 表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作e. 在时间、条件、让步状语从句中表示将来动作②一般现在时的特殊用法a. 用于新闻标题或图片说明中b. 用于体育运动、表演等实况报道中c. 表示告诫或劝说d. 表示现在瞬间的动作一般过去时①一般过去时的基本用法a. 表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态注意：在一般过去时的句子中，通常都要有表示过去的时间状语。
b. 表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态表示过去的习惯性动作，除了用过去式外，还可以用used to或would来表示。
c. 表示过去连续发生的一系列动作②一般过去时的特殊用法a. 在虚拟语气中表示现在或将来时间的动作或状态b. 在口语中，一般过去时往往显示委婉客气。
3．一般现在时和一般过去时的比较一般现在时要和现在时间相联系，而一般过去时和说话的＂现在＂不相联系。
一般将来时1. 一般将来时的用法①表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态注意：在口语中，常用will / shall + be doing结构来代替will / shall + 动词原形，以表示生动。
②表示将要反复发生的动作③表示同意或答应做某事2. 一般将来时的常用结构①用于＂I expect, I’m sure, I think, I wonder + 宾语从句＂中②用于＂祈使句 + and + 陈述句＂中3. 将来时间的其他表达法①be going to + 动词原形比较：＂be going to + 动词原形＂与＂will / shall + 动词原形＂的区别a. be going to通常表示很快就要发生的事，而will/shall既可表示不久的将来，也可表示长远的将来或不确定的将来。
高考试题分项解析之专题6七选五1.【2021·全国新课标I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。
Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”38 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me”would read “13 5 20 13 5.”A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example “bridge“ might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.”40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B.In any language, some letters are used more than others.C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F.With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.【答案】36.-40 D E G.F A36.D考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。
2021年高三英语语法专题主谓一致 Word版含答案在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。
寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。
一、就近一致原则1．由or，not only...but also...，neither...nor...，either...or...，whether...or...，not...but...等连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，通常根据就近一致原则，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。
Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind.他的父母和我都不能说服他改变主意。
2．here/there引导一个句子而主语又不止一个时，通常根据就近原则，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。
Here is a ruler，a few pencils and two copybooks.这里有一把尺子、一些铅笔和两本字帖。
二、意义一致原则1．谓语动词必须用单数的情况(1)表示学科的名词以及works(工厂)，news(消息)等作主语时，虽然本身为复数形式，但表示单数意义时，谓语动词仍用单数。
Politics is his favorite subject.政治是他最爱的科目。
(2)表示某些组织机构的名词、书/报名、国名、地名等作主语时，虽然形式上是复数，但所表示的意义是单数，所以谓语动词用单数。
Do you know when the United Nations was set up?你知道联合国是什么时候建立的吗？2．谓语动词必须用复数的情况表示总称意义的名词，如people，police，public，cattle等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
The police are searching for the murderer.警察正在搜捕杀人凶手。
学习资料第6讲动词的时态、语态和主谓一致专题训练对应学生用书P036 Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Over the last two generations in the UK and US,industrialization ________ (slow) down and more people have become dissatisfied with life in urban areas.解析根据时间状语“Over the last two generations”可知，本句时态要用现在完成时，主语industrialization是抽象名词且与谓语是主动关系。
故填has slowed.答案has slowed2．People ________ (have) better access to health care than they used to，and they' re living longer as a result。
解析句意：人们有了比过去更便捷的医疗服务，因此寿命更长了。
由句子结构和句意可知，此句叙述的是现在的事情，故用动词的一般现在时。
答案have3．At first， both of them joined together and the frog ________ (lead) his friend towards the pool in which he lived，and didn't stop until he reached the side of the water.解析与and前的joined呼应，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。
答案led4．As you go through this book,you ________ （find） that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.解析本句中as引导的时间状语从句用了一般现在时表示将来，故主句需用一般将来时.答案will find5．Actually I did. I phoned the manager this morning，expressing my unhappiness with their food. And he promised that he ________ （look) into my complaint as soon as possible.解析由promised可知，此处表示从过去看将要发生的动作，要用过去将来时。
专题06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致1.（2023年全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still _______(employ) today to draw attention to important truths.【答案】be employed【详解】考查语态。
句意：卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。
从句主语a simple lyric form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。
情态动词can 后接动词原形。
故填be employed。
2.（2023年全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I ________(amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.【答案】was amazed【详解】考查时态和语态。
句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。
这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze 之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。
故填was amazed。
3.（2023年全国乙卷改错）She put the new color on her hair and sat still for 30 minutes, just as the directions said. 【答案】saying → said【详解】考查动词时态。
句意：她把头发染成新的颜色，静静地坐了30分钟，就像说明书上说的那样。
as 引导方式状语从句，由语境可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。
故saying改为said。
4.（2023年新高考II卷）As a little girl, I ________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.【答案】wished【详解】考查动词时态。
句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。
分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。
故填wished。
5.（2023年浙江卷1月）Citizens of higher social classes (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles.【答案】were permitted【详解】考查动词的被动语态。
句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。
分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。
故填were permitted。
6. （2023年浙江卷1月）The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often______ (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子).【答案】featured【详解】考查动词时态。
句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。
分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时。
故填featured。
1.(2022年全国高考新高考I卷语法填空) The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ________ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.【答案】were【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。
设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句讲的是过去未受保护，所以要用一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。
本句句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。
故填were。
2.(2022年全国高考新高考I卷语法填空) After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones,and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.【答案】is designed【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。
设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。
故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。
本句句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，维护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。
故填is designed。
3. (2022年全国高考新高考II卷语法填空) Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.42. 【答案】was fixing【详解】考查动词。
句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。
根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。
根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。
故使用过去进行时。
fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。
故填was fixing。
43. 【答案】threw【解析】考查过去式。
句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。
根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。
故应该使用一般过去时。
throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。
故填threw。
4. （2022年全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao ________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】has walked【详解】考查动词时态。
句意：在过去五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家。
根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。
故填has walked。
5. （2022年全国乙卷）...The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ________(address)the opening ceremony. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】addressed【详解】考查时态。
句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。
分析句子可知，本句陈述过去事情，应该用一般过去时。
故填addressed。
6.（2022年浙江卷1月）But Cobb and others ________ (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ________ (change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】①. are ①. changing【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。
句意：但科布和其他人现在对推动会议提供更多远程参与的机会、改变他们的个人行为、为应对气候变化危机尽自己的一份力量的想法提出了质疑。
第一空，根据时间状语now 可知，句子使用现在进行时，主语Cobb and others为复数，be动词应用are，与空后的questioning构成现在进行时；第二空，分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，change与逻辑主语idea之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式与pushing并列，作后置定语。
故填are，changing。
7. （2022年浙江卷1月）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics — many of the climate scientists ________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】have promised【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。
