(2021-2023)新高考英语真题分项汇编专题06动词的时态语态和主谓一致(原卷版)

专题06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致1.（2023年新高考II卷）As a little girl, I ________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.【答案】wished【详解】考查动词时态。

句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。

分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。

故填wished。

2.（2023年浙江卷1月）Citizens of higher social classes (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles.【答案】were permitted【详解】考查动词的被动语态。

句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。

分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。

故填were permitted。

3. （2023年浙江卷1月）The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often______ (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子).【答案】featured【详解】考查动词时态。

句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。

分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时。

故填featured。

1.(2022年全国高考新高考I卷语法填空) The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ________ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.【答案】were【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。

动词的时态和语态时态：时态主动被动一般现在时do/does; am/is/are am/is/are done一般过去时did; was/were was/were done 一般将来时will/shall do will/shall be done过去将来时would/should dowas/were going to dowas/were(about)to dowould/should be donewas/were going to be donewas/were(about)to be done现在进行时am/is/are doing am/is/are being done过去进行时was/were doing was/were be ing done将来进行时will/shall be doing现在完成时have/has done have/has been done过去完成时had done had been done将来完成时will have done will have been done2.必备知识考点一一般时知识点1一般现在时1.表示经常性的动作，常与usually，always，often，sometimes，never，every day等表示频度的时间状语连用。

2.表示客观真理、格言或者警句等。

3.表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排要发生的动作。

动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, live, fly等，常用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作。

4.在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

5.以here/there开头引导的倒装句，表示正在发生的动作/状态6.用于文章标题、图片说明、电影说明、戏剧内容及场景解说等。

知识点2一般过去时1. 表示在过去发生的一次性动作或习惯性动作或存在的状态，常用yesterday，last year，in 1995，the other day等作时间状语。

专题。

5动词的时态、语态和主谓一致1.(2021山东威沟期中，37)Friendship is one of life’s greatest g1食s,and it（value)in both Eastern and Western cultures.2.(2021湖南五市十校联考，63)Nine spacecrafts（send)to study Jupiter by now.3.(2021北京朝阳区期中，18)If one person breaks the rule品，more people（follow)him and do what they want4.(2021山西太原质量监测，67)China launched a campaign against food waste in 2013 and (renew) the call early this year to create an increasingly prosperous society.5.(2021四川绵阳一诊，64)Wi th the last satellite launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center on June 23, the global network of 59 satellites（complete)since then.6.(2021湖北部分重点中学联考，61)It is a landscape full of deep blues and shadows which represent the sadness Yan Gogh was feeling as he （paint),rather than what he was actual! y seeing.7.(2021上沟师大附中期中，28)The white settlers and American Indians lived in peace at the beginni吨，but conflicts finally（arise)and led to the Indian War(l 866-1890).8.(2021 贫如愤阳摸底考试，6S)Like Chinese music, A仕ican music is very rhythmic -each instrnment（tell)its own story, makes you a part of it and take品you on a diff e rent journey.9.(2021河南洛阳统一考试，68)X i n Xing (a f巳male panda), born in Sichuan Province in 1982, (rescue) in the wild and sent to Chongqing Zoo in 1983.10(2020全国1,61)The unmanned Chang’e-4 pr由e（探测器并－the name was inspired by an a n c e nChinese moon goddess －（touch)down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. 11.(2020全国ll,62)This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers（cauy) special significance.12.(2020新高考I（山东），咽＆41)The parts of a museum open to the public（call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small pa此of a museum’s collection（be)on display. 13.(2020 浙江，61)By about 6000 BC, people（discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.14.(2020天j宰，9)The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and（remam)around that level ever since.15.(2020江�.22)lf you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably a solution that (suit)everyone.16.(2019全国l,65)ln recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut（report)increases in bear sightings around human settlements ...17.(2019浙江，56)When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody（have)to woll'y about fashion（时尚）．18.(2019江苏，29)A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith（fall)in love with the people and culture there.19.(2018全国ll,61)Since 2011, the country（grow)more com than rice.20.(2018江苏，30)1was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan (call'y)out in the past two years.21.(2018浙江II月，56& 57)You probably（use)ca仔eine sine巳childhood.Ca仔eine (be) in your first Coke.22.(2016江�.22)More efforts, as report时，（make)in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.23.(2021四省八校开学考，62)A century ago, when night-time（fall),the dark arr' Things a『e differ巳nt today.24.(2021 浙江五校联考，63)Casey told the rescuers that he（hang)out with a black bear for two days, a bear he called his”friend".25.(2021山东烟台期中，37)ln the past many years, the giant panda（drive)out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming, deforestation and other development. 26.(2021山东滩坊阶段性监测，56)1was also a co-found巳r of the website Mo由er Nature Network, which（integrate)into Treehugger the other day.27.(2021 哈尔茨部分学校第一次考试，68）巩H Miao币neaning seedling protection) is a traditional farming activity of southern Anhui province that p ractice)since the early Ming dynasty( 1368-1644).28.(2020湖北八校第一次联考，62)Children younger than 12（allow)only to play the gam巳for a maximum of one hour a day, and after 9 pm, they would be banned from logging on（登录），said Tencent.29.(2020江西南昌重点中学段考，62)Power walking offers many benefits. Walking at a quick pace of 4 mph（burn)around 300 calories per hour.30.(2020江苏扬州期中调研，33)Now China（push)for a larger role in global economic policy-making.31.(2020山东省实验中学阶段性检j贝g,43)This was the first time George（feel) accepted by the people around him.32.(2020全国1,67& 68）”This really excites scientists，”Carle Piete邸，a scientist at Brown Unive，古ity,says, ＇’because it（mean)we have the chance to obtain inforn1ation about how the moon（construct）.”33.(2020全国阻，63)The artist was sure he would（choose),but when he pre岳阳ted his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.34.(2020 浙江，59)A时，as more children were born, more food（need).35.(2020北京，4)Single-use plasti巳bags are used at most a few times before they（throw) away.36.(2020 江苏，26)Instead of g巳tting down to a n巳W task as I（expect),h巳巳xamined the previous work again.37.(2020天津，2)-You are a great swimmer.一Thanks.It’s b巳cause I(practise)a lot these days.38.(2019浙江，62)0ne study in America found that students’grades（improve)a little after the school introduced uniforms.39.(2019北京，I)On the first day of my first grad巳...I（voic巳）my biggest concern to my mother.，”How will I make friends？”40.(2019江苏，33)They are trying to mak巳sure that 50 I巳rminals（install)by2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.41.(2019江苏，22)The musician along with his band memb巳rs（giv巳）ten p巳1fonnances in the last three months.42.(2019天津，8)Amy,as well as her brothers，（give)a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.43.(2018全国I,64)While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 一一一＿（be)more effective at lengthening life ...44.(2018全国阻，69)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just... Tme to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal（mean)me no real harm.45.(2018北京，7)China’s high-speed railways（grow)from9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.46.(2018江苏，3J)Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we (develop)more convenient electronic conununication tools by then.47.(2018北京，9)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who（trap)in the mountains for two days.48.(2018天j宰，13)My washing machine（repair)this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.49.(2017叩卷（全国Il ),68)Later, engineers（manage)to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels （隧道），which became known as the Tube.50.(2017丙卷（全国W),43)Sarah（tell)that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.51.(2017浙江，但）Pahlsson and her husband（search)the kitchen, checking every comer.but turned up nothing.52.(2017北京，33)People have better access to health care than they used to, and they (live) longer now as a re品ult.53.(2017乙卷（全国队64)When fat and salt（r emove)from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.54.(2017甲卷（全国II),65)Steam engines（use)to pull the carriages ...55.(2017北京，29)In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just on巳phone at home, and wireless phones（invent)yet.56.(2017江苏，27)He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he（follow).57.(2017天津而）Nowadays,cycling, along with jogging and swimming，（regard)as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.58.(2017江$.，24)The publication of Great Expectations, which(be)both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens' status as a leading novelist.59.(2016浙江，9)Silk(become)one of the primary goods trnded along the Silk Road by about I 00 B C.60.(2016乙卷（全国l),62)So it was a great honour .. .l（allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.61.(2016北京，30)The students have been working ha1·d on their lessons and their e仔Orts (reward) with success in the end.62.(2016丙卷（全国W),62)Truly elegant chopsticks might（make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.63.(2016叩卷（全国ll),63)Leaving the less important things until tomo盯ow（be)often acceptable.64.(2016两卷（全国11月，69)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and（be)too violent for use at the table.65.As we all know, Hangzhou, a beautiful city, {win) the bid on September 16仙，2015. Thus, it will be the third Chinese city to host the Asian Games.66.Agricultural eλperts say having a large variety of plants{help) to protect against possible crop diseases and future crises.67.He had his eyes on me,and I guessed he{ c onsider) right then whether or not to tell me the truth. writer Margaret Lee Runbeck once (write），”Happiness is not a station you ar r ive at, but a manner of traveling.”But traveling is not always happy, at least for the buddies in the movie Green Book.The movie {adapt) from the true story of a road trip through the southern US in the early 1960s.69.The International Day of Families, which was started by the United Nations in 1993, (hold) on May 15th every year.70.0ver the past decade, a global push to reduce hunger and extreme poverty 一一一（mark)some significant success.71.lf you give up in winter, you {miss) the hope of spring, the beauty of summer, and the harvest of autumn in your life.72.By the time the ban was finally lift时，hetwo weeks..(stick)at the airport for more than 73.Jack(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred.74.Choosing a career is important because most of the time in our lives on work.75.(2020全国II)Each of us carried a basket and a pair of scissors,梯子并开始摘铺子）．76.(2020新高考I（山东））With the intention of enriching our campus life, 们学校组织了一场5千米越野赛）last Sunday. {spend) （快速爬上（我77.(2020 浙江）Through your tireless work,得了很大进步），especially in spoken English.（我们所有人在英语学习上都取（我们将不辜负您的期望）．78.(2020 浙江）I believe in the near future,79.(2018全国！）The elderly （通常是第一个品尝）the food served on the（他们很受尊敬）in China.table because【能力提升】A专项i舌篇型填空There一」一＿（be)a new modern art exhibition downtown for the last three days, which ___1 (close) this coming Sunday. Having got two tickets for it, I ___l一（consider)inviting my friend Tony to go along with me. I know that he ___.1一一（finish)his paper by Sunday and can afford the tim巳．He once一二＿（tell)me that he liked modern a口，so I think he will be interested in this exhibition. Just this morning, when I entered my of f ice, my colleagues __Q_(talk) about it, and some of them said they一」L一（go)to see it already. The exhibition __JL_(hold) in ten more big cities in America after it goes to San Francisco next week.I’ve just called Tony and he has agreed to go with me, saying that he ___2一＿(look)forward to going to an exhibition for months. I will call for him this Sunday. I'll go home for lunch now, as I l立一（starve).B语法填空(2020湖北黄冈高三检视l])Honeybee populations in the United States一土一（decrease) dramatically over the decades. And a new study suggests tihat a certain kind of pesticide could be making things一二一＿（bad).The number of honeybees hasn’t changed much over the past few years, but the overall pic阳re doesn't look good for an insect that plays ___]____ important role in our food supply.Scientists don’t know for sure一丘＿this is happening. Pesticides and parasites （寄生虫）are the most suspected reasons, according to a study recently published in a scientific journal. Onesuggests that neonicotinoids, types of pesticides that ___j_一（use)around the world, are incrediblypoisonous to honeybees and other insects. Part of the reason for that is that these pesticides appear 豆一（stick)around in the environment and stay dangerous for a long period of time. Though they’re deadly to insects, neonicotinoids are not c。

动词的时态、语态和主谓一致一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式：1. Since the United Nations declared June 21 the International Day of Yoga in 2014 , many cities in China_______(start)hosting international yoga festivals.【答案】(现在完成时）have started【解析】句意：自从联合国在2014年宣布6月21日为国际瑜伽日以来，中国的许多城市已经开始举办国际瑜伽节。

此处since(自从……以来）引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，句子主语cities是复数形式，所以谓语动词也用复数形式。

2. Over the past decade, a global push to reduce hunger and extreme poverty______(mark) some significant successes.【答案】(现在完成时）has marked【解析】由时间状语Over the past decade可知，句子表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，故用现在完成时，主语a global push是第三人称单数，谓语动词也用单数形式。

3 . The twins , who _______ ( finish ) their homework , were allowed to play badminton in the playground.【答案】(过去完成时）had finished【解析】此处表示这对双胞胎完成作业是在被允许到操场上打羽毛球（过去式）之前，所以完成作业应该使用过去完成时。

4. It is the first time that I______(punish) students.【答案】(现在完成时）have punished【解析】考查固定句型中的时态：It/This/That is the first time that sb. has done sth. ;It/This/That was the first time that sb. had done sth.。

学习资料第6讲动词的时态、语态和主谓一致专题训练对应学生用书P036 Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Over the last two generations in the UK and US,industrialization ________ (slow) down and more people have become dissatisfied with life in urban areas.解析根据时间状语“Over the last two generations”可知，本句时态要用现在完成时，主语industrialization是抽象名词且与谓语是主动关系。

故填has slowed.答案has slowed2．People ________ (have) better access to health care than they used to，and they' re living longer as a result。

解析句意：人们有了比过去更便捷的医疗服务，因此寿命更长了。

由句子结构和句意可知，此句叙述的是现在的事情，故用动词的一般现在时。

答案have3．At first， both of them joined together and the frog ________ (lead) his friend towards the pool in which he lived，and didn't stop until he reached the side of the water.解析与and前的joined呼应，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。

答案led4．As you go through this book,you ________ （find） that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.解析本句中as引导的时间状语从句用了一般现在时表示将来，故主句需用一般将来时.答案will find5．Actually I did. I phoned the manager this morning，expressing my unhappiness with their food. And he promised that he ________ （look) into my complaint as soon as possible.解析由promised可知，此处表示从过去看将要发生的动作，要用过去将来时。

专题一词法篇第6讲动词的时态、语态和主谓一致★冲关训练→专练如何解Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2021·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.2.(2021·全国新高考Ⅱ卷)I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I’d send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.3.(2021·全国高考甲卷)We (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky…4.(2020·天津卷)I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother (keep) an eye on him.5.(2020·天津卷)We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she (decline), saying that she felt like walking.6.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.7.Our hosts shared many of their experiences and(recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.8.On the last day of our week-long stay, we ________(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.9.Of the nineteen recognized polar bear sub-populations, three are declining, six (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.10.As is known to all, the sun (rise) in the east and (set) in the west day after day.【答案】1.was。