which在非限制性定语从句的用法
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which与as引导非限制性定语从句的异同which与as一样,都可以引导非限制性定语从句,它们既有相同之处,也有差别。
因此在实际运用中容易混淆。
它们的某些用法在高考中也会考查。
一.相同点。
两者引导非限制性定语从句时,可指代主句中的部分或整个句子的内容,在从句中做主语,宾语或表语,位于主句之后有时可互换。
The meeting was put off, as /which was exactly what we wanted.He was a doctor, as/which I knew from his manner.二.不同点1. as可指其前后主句提到的事实或情况,因此引导的非限制性从句位置比较灵活,which可以放在主句前后,也可插入主句之中;而which 引导的非限制性从句只能位于主句之后。
As is known to all, fish can’t live without water.Air, as we know, is gas.2.在非限制性从句中,which后的be动词不可省;as而后的be动词可以省略。
She told me she won the match , which was a lie.The material is elastic, as (was) shown in the figure.3. which在非限制性定语从句做主语时可用各类动词做谓语;而在非限制性定语从句做主语时,谓语常用连系动词,如be, seem, become 等,一般不用其他行为动词。
He saw the girl, which delighted him.He didn’t say anything at the m eeting , as/which seemed very strange. 4. 如果主句中叙述的事情与从句所涉及的意向一致,多用as,用以对主句的意义进行补充;如果不一致,就用whichShe has married again, as was expected.He broke the rules again, which was unexpected.5.如表示“如同。
非限制性定语从句which非限制性定语从句which非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思。
以下是店铺整理的非限制性定语从句which,希望对大家有帮助。
非限制性定语从句which 篇1which引导的非限制性定语从句既可以指整个句子内容,也可以指句子的部分内容(如单词或词组等),在句子中可以作主语、宾语(动词或介词的)、定语等。
注意它在句子中的位置:只能放在主句后,不能放在主句前。
表达的内容是"不好的"、"事先没有预料到的"等时,常用which,只指物。
[例句]Yellowstone National Park,which is in Wyoming,is one of the most beautiful national parks in the world. 黄石国家公园位于怀俄明州,是世界上最美丽的国家公园之一。
The clock,which my grandfather bought,is still in good order. 这时钟是我祖父买的,现在还走时很准。
The picture,for which he paid an enormous amount of money,was a forgery.那幅画他花了一大笔钱购买,却是幅赝品。
She changed her mind again,which made us all angry. 她又改变了主意,这使我们大家都生气了。
I lived three years in Paris,during which time I learned French. 我在巴黎住了三年,在那期间我学了法语。
The weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we could expect. 天气结果转晴,这是我们没有预料到的。
as与whi ch引导非限定性定语从句用法首先,as和whi c h都可以表示主句在意义上的连贯,在从句中作主语,或用作及物动词的宾语,如:一、 as, which指代整个句子或短语。
由 as, which引导的非限定性定语从句,相当于and th is 或and that 。
在很多时候,表示说话人对话语的看法或态度,此时它们的先行词并不是具体的某个词,而是整个句子或短语:He was late for school, as/whichwas usualwith him .他上学迟到,这是家常便饭。
He marrie d her,which/as was natura l.I was very helpfu l to him,which/ as he realiz ed.二.as含有正如、按照、正像之意,as一般用在肯定句中,而whi ch则多用于含否定意义的句子中,如:As our teache r points out,that book is of benefi t to everyo ne.Heat is a form of energy,as is knownto all of us.This machin e,as might be expect ed,has stoppe d operati ng.He failed in the exam again,as was expect ed.He failed in the exam again,whichw as unexpected.(此处不可用as )as 所引导的从句所表达的语意须和主句一致,而 which则无此限制。
三.as 常与从句中的know ,see ,hear , expect等动词连用,也常用于 as oftenhappen s ,as is oftenthe case (常有的事)等句子中。
非限制性定语从句which用法
非限制性定语从句是一类重要的从句,它可以用来给主句中的名词、代词、动词或短
语增添额外的信息,相当于限制性定语从句的补充,故它存在的最大功能就是作补充,用which引导的非限制性定语从句只要求在句子中可以被省略,但这个句子的意思不受影响,通常可用逗号将非限制性定语从句与主句parenthesis割开,也可以用which来引出从句。
非限制性定语从句which用法,可以在句中作状语、宾语或表语,用以丰富句子,使
之更加生动、形象。
1.用以表示时间、方式、原因、条件等。
例句:He went to Beijing, which he had visited many times before.
他去了北京,他以前曾多次去过这里。
2.用以表示主句动作结束成功与否:
他建了一幢房子,一年后就完工了。
1.主句有以下形式:不定式、动词-ing形式、would like/have/,etc. 动词表示请求、建议、建议等。
她建议我们去看电影,我很乐意接受。
2.宾语从句里引导词是that 或whether:
他要求我参加会议,我同意去。
1. 主句中动词具有判断、比较意义:如be different from/similar to比较级
adj.+than, be proper/impropper等;
他们是在同一个领域工作的,但结果他们的观点却不一样,这让我们感到很惊讶。
2. 主句中动词具有承认、满足、证实等意义:如admit/acknowledge, verify, gratify等;
事实最终被证实,这让我们都很高兴。
which非限制性定语从句导语:非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用,缺少也不会影响全句的理解,它与主句往往用逗号隔开。
下面店铺讲解which非限制性定语从句,欢迎参考。
■关系代词which只用于指事或物,不用于指人,它在定语从句中主要用作主语或宾语。
如:She was not on the train which arrived just now. 她不在刚才到达的那列火车上。
(关系代词which指train,在从句中用作主语) He never got back the money which he had lent him. 他从未收回他曾借给他的那笔钱。
(关系代词which指money,在从句中用作宾语)■which用于引导限制性定语从句外,还可以引导非限制定语从句。
如:The ship struck an iceberg, which tore a huge hole in her side. 船碰在一座冰山上,船帮被撞出一个大洞。
She gave me this jumper, which she had knitted herself. 她送给我这件羊毛衫,这是她亲手织的。
This machine, which I have looked after for twenty years, is still working perfectly. 这台机器我已经照管了20年,现在仍然没一点儿毛病。
■which有时也可用作定语,尤其用于“介词+which+名词”这类结构中,此时的which含有this或that的意味。
如:He may b e busy, in which case I’ll call later. 他可能忙,如若如此,我以后再来拜访。
I may have to work late, in which case I’ll telephone. 我可能得晚点下班,那样我会打电话的.。
which在非限制性定语从句的用法which在非限制性定语从句的用法导语:下面是店铺为你分享的which在非限制性定语从句的用法,希望能够为大家带来帮助,希望大家会喜欢。
同时也希望给你们带来一些参考的作用,如果喜欢就请继续关注我们的后续更新吧!非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用,缺少也不会影响全;which 引导的非限制性定语从句;关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修;①which指代主句中的名词,被指代的名词包括表;如:Theseappletrees,whichI;Sheisanartist,whichIamno;她是一位艺术家,而我不是;Water,whichisaclearliqui;非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用,缺少也不会影响全句的理解,在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开,如若定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间,其前后都需要用逗号隔开。
which引导的非限制性定语从句。
关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、从句或整个主句,在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。
① which指代主句中的名词,被指代的.名词包括表示物、婴儿或动物的名词、表示单数意义的集体名词以及表示职业、品格等的名词。
如:These apple trees,which I planted three years ago,have not borne any fruit. 这些苹果树是我三年前栽的,还没有结过果实。
She is an artist,which I am not.她是一位艺术家,而我不是。
Water,which is a clear liquid,has many uses.水是一种清澈的液体,有许多用途。
1.首先关系代词which在定语从句指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语,既可引导限制性定语从句,又可引导非限制性定语从句。
1. 1. 引导限制性定语从句E.g: A shop should keep a stock of those goods wh ich sell best. 商店应存有最畅销的货物。
1.2. 引导非限制性定语从句。
( 1 )用来指代一个句子。
E.g:Internet is so interesting, which makes all poss ible happen. 因特网是如此有趣,它使任何事都有可能发生。
( 2 )用来指代句子的一部分。
E.g:When deep in thought, which he often was, he w ould forget all around him.他常常陷入沉思,这时他就会忘掉周围的一切。
( 3 )如果要引导两个非限制性定语从句,第二个which 前要加and.E.g:He bought a book, which was written by Lu Xun, and which he decided to give to his friend.他买了本鲁迅写的书,他决定送给朋友。
2.which和that在定语从句中的区别2.1使用that的情况:1)当先行词是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代词时。
E.g: Do you have anything that is important to tell me?2)当先行词被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修饰时。
E.g: I have some books that are very good.3)当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。
E.g:This is the first book that I bought myself.The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.4)主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时E.g: Which is the bike that you lost?Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting.5)当先行词在从句和主句中都作表语时,无论先行词是人还是物.E.g:China is no longer the country that she was.6)如有两个定语从句,其中一个已用which引导,另一个宜用that .E.g:Edison built up a factory which produced things that hadnever been seen before.7)在there be句型中,只用that.E.g:He asked for the latest book (that) there is on the subject.8)当先行词被the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰时。
which引导的定语从句which引导的定语从句which在句子中用来作为修饰事物的先行词,通常在which引导的定语从句中可见。
一般情况下,which多用来引导非限制性定语从句,主语,宾语,表语,句子等多为which在定语从句中充当的部分,下面店铺为大家带来的which引导的定语从句!which引导的定语从句which可以引导定语从句,修饰表示事物的先行词,在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者表语。
例如:He was reading a book,which was about war. 他正在读一本关于战争的书。
(关系代词which在修饰book的定语从句中充当主语。
)He was reading a book, which he had bought from London. 他正在读一本书,这本书是从伦敦买回来的。
(关系代词which在修饰book的定语从句中充当宾语。
)which引导非限定性定语从句时有一个特殊用法,即它所引导的非限定性定语从句修饰主句中更多的部分甚至整个主句(这时被定语从句所修饰的“先行词”要作广义理解),which仍在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
例如:He set free the birds happily, which was a celebration for his success. 他开心地把鸟放了,这是对他成功的一种庆祝。
把非限定性定语从句“which was a celebration for his success”的先行词视为主句中的“the birds”显然不符合整句的语境,被“which was a celebration for his success”所修饰的是整个主句,which所引导的这类特殊的非限定性定语从句对主句所叙述的情况进行某种意义的补充说明,which常可译为“这一点,这件事”。
[考题1] You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre, ____ is always busy at the weekend. (2006上海春)A. thatB. whereC. whatD. which[答案] D[解析]引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰the shopping centre,应选用D选项中的关系代词which,which在该定语从句中充当主语。
学法新探在非限制性定语从句中,which 与as 两者既有相通之处,又有相异之点。
如果把握不到位,区别不恰当,极易出错。
对此,笔者就非限制性定语从句中which 与as 的用法差异进行了剖析,以期同学们能够准确辨析和运用。
辨析之一:观“位置”在非限制性定语从句中,which 与as 的位置有所不同。
一般地,which 引导的非限制性定语从句不能置于句首,多位于主句之后;而as 引导的非限制性定语从句的位置则十分灵活,不仅可以置于主句之中和主句之后,而且可以置于句首,即置于主句之前。
比如,①Jake passed the driving test ,which sur-prised everybody in the office.杰克通过了驾驶考试,这使办公室里的每个人都感到惊讶。
(which 引导的非限制性定语从句置于主句之后)②Paper ,as we know ,was first made in China.众所周知,纸是中国人发明的。
(as 引导的非限制性定语从句置于主句之中)③She comes from South ,as I know from his ac-cent.我从他的口音中知道她来自南方。
(as 引导的非限制性定语从句置于主句之后)④As is known to all ,China has developed quickly these years and it has become one of the most important countries in the world.众所周知,近年来,中国的发展十分迅猛,目前已成为世界上最重要的国家之一.(as 引导的非限制性定语从句置于句首)从上述几个例子可以看出,which 与as 引导的非限制性定语从句都可以置于主句之后,两者有时可以互换。
但需要注意的是,当在主句之后的非限制性定语从句为否定句或带有否定意味时,只能用which 引导,不能用as 。
非限定性定语从句1.which引导的非限定性定语从句说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分例如: Her house,which was built a hundred years ago,stood still in the earthquake.(那座房子在地震中依然耸立,它是一百多年前建造的。
)2. 有时as也可用作关系代词3. 在非限定性定语从句中,用who, whom代表人,用which代表事物。
4.当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。
例如:Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍。
5.非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数例如:He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发。
非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容,或先行词的补充、解释或附加说明。
主句与先行词或从句之间一般用逗号分开,常常单独翻译。
没有它,主句意思仍然完整。
引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有as,which,who,whom,whose 等,作定语从句的主语、宾语、表语及定语。
非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用,缺少也不会影响全句的理解,在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开,如若定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间,其前后都需要用逗号隔开。
which引导的非限制性定语从句。
关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句,在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。
① which指代主句中的名词,被指代的名词包括表示物、婴儿或动物的名词、表示单数意义的集体名词以及表示职业、品格等的名词。
如:These apple trees,which I planted three years ago,have not borne any fruit.
这些苹果树是我三年前栽的,还没有结过果实。
She is an artist,which I am not.
她是一位艺术家,而我不是。
Water,which is a clear liquid,has many uses.
水是一种清澈的液体,有许多用途。
The two policemen were completely trusted,which in fact they were.
那两个警察完全受到信任,事实上,也真是如此。
② which指代主句中的形容词。
如:She was very patient towards the children,which her husband seldom was.
她对孩子们很耐心,她丈夫却很少这样。
She is always careless,which we should not be.
她总是马虎大意,我们可不应该这样。
③ which指代主句中的某个从句。
如:He said that he had never seen her before,which was not true.
他说以前从没见过她,这不是真的。
④ which指代整个主句。
如:In the presence of so many people he was little tense, which was understandable.
在那么多人面前他有点紧张,这是可以理解的。
He may have acute appendicitis,in which case he will have to be operated on.
他可能得了急性盲肠炎,如果是这样,他就得动手术。
When deeply absorbed in work,which he often was,he would forget all about eating and sleeping.
他经常聚精会神地工作,这时他会废寝忘食。