英语笔译实务 3级配套训练 第三单元 英译汉(一) NY City Seeks to Expand Lower-Cost Units

英语三级《笔译实务》试题Section 1：English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) (60 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this section is 120 minutes.A few weeks back，I asked a 14-year-old friend how she was coping with school.Referring to stress，she heaved a big sigh and said："Aiyah，anything bad that can happen has already happened."Her friends nearby then started pouring out their woes about which subjects they found hard，and so on. Pessimism again，in these all-too-familiar remarks about Singapore's education system，widely regarded as too results-oriented，and I wonder why I even bothered to ask.The school system of reaching for A's underlies the country's culture，which emphasizes the chase for economic excellence where wealth and status are must-haves.Such a culture is hard to change.So when I read of how the new Remaking Singapore Committee had set one of its goals as challenging the traditional roads to success，encouraging Singaporeans to realize alternative careers in the arts，sports，research or as entrepreneurs，I had my doubts about its success in this area，if not coupled with help from parents themselves.The new Remaking Singapore Committee is a brainchild of the Singaporean Prime Minister，formed to make Singaporeans look beyond the five C's：cash，condos，clubs，credit cards and cars，to help prepare the nation for the future.It is good that the government wants to do something about the country's preoccupation with material success. But it will be a losing battle if the family unit itself is not involved because I believe the committee's success is rooted in a revamp of an entire culture built from 37 years of independence.This makeover has to start with the most basic societal unit -- the family.Parents should not drown their children in mantras of I-want-hundred-marks. Tuition lessons are not the be-all and end-all of life. And a score of 70 for a Chinese paper is definitely not the end of life.If ever I become a parent，I will bring my children camping. I will show them that cooking food in a mess tin over a campfire is fun. I will teach them that there is nothing dirty about lying on a sleeping bag over grass.In fact，it is educational because Orion is up there in the night sky with all the other bright stars whose shapes and patterns tell something more than a myth. For instance，they give directions to the lost traveler，I will say.And who knows，my child may become an astronomer years down the road. All because of the nights I spent with him watching the twinkles in the sky.That's my point. Parents should teach their children that there's more to life than studies. Better still if the nation's leaders echo that idea as well.This way，when their children aspire to be the next Joscelin Yeo，they won't feel like they are fighting a losing battle against a society that holds doctors and lawyers in awe.However，the culture that babysits economic excellence is deeply ingrained and so are the mindsets of many parents. But parents can take the cue from the new Remaking Singapore Committee and be aware of giving their children the right kind of education.It is now wait-and-see if，say，10 years down the road，more would choose alternative careers. Hopefully，by then no one would think sportsmen or musicians as making too big a sacrifice in chasing their dreams. Section 2：Chinese-English Translation (40 points)Translate the following passage into English. The time for this section is 60 minutes.近年来，中华人民共和国政府倡导国内旅游，履行“假日经济”政策，给公民每年3次为期一周长假，让她们将更多储蓄用于旅游、购物和外出就餐。

英语笔译实务3级配套训练第三单元英汉翻译的技巧（三）倍数的翻译“A比B大5倍”不可译成A is 5 times larger than B，应译成A is 6 times as large as B，或A is 6 times larger than B。

中国学生比较容易理解第一种译法，但对第二种译法往往心存疑虑，其实这两种译法的语义是相同的。

在英语中如使times，就不存在”比……大几倍“的语义，只有”是……几倍“的语义。

即使添加by，说成A has increased by three times，其语义与A has increased 3 times相同，都是指A增加了两倍。

对于仍心存疑惑的学生，我们再补充论证一下：你可能听到过、读到过increase two/three/four times，但你不可能见我过increase one time 或increase 1.5 times。

可见increase two times已经是最小值了，也即增加一倍。

关于倍数的用法，我们对学生的建议是：从理解的角度上应把A is 8 times as high as B与A is 8 times higher than B视为意义相同的表达法。

但从写、说的角度来看，最好使用以上第一种句型，不要使用第二种句型，因为在全世界，除了英美等英语国家，还有许多国家都在使用英语。

各国人对第二钟句型的理解可能有所不同，如使用第一钟句型便可避免麻烦。

至于increase two times可能造成的混乱（有些人可能误以为是增加了两次），可改用百分比来得到澄清。

有趣的是，increase two times不是相当于increase 200%, 而是相当于increase 100%。

百分比所表达的不是”是原来的百分之几”，而是”增加了百分之几“。

为什么百分比与times有这么大的区别？因为times的最小数已是two times，不存在one time；而在百分比中，可说increase 100%，甚至可说increase 50%。

翻译三级笔译实务真题汇编三第一部分英汉译1. When night falls in remote parts of Afica and the Indian subcontinent, hundreds of （江南博哥）millions of people without access to electricity turn to candles or flammable and polluting kerosene lamps for illumination.Slowly through small loans for solar powered devices, microfinance is bringing light to these rural regions where a lack of electricity has stymied economic development, literacy rates and health."Earlier, they could not do much once the sun set. Now, the sun is used differently. They have increased their productivity, improved their health and socio-economic status," said Pinal Shah from SEWA Bank, a micro-lending Institution.Vegetable seller Ramiben Waghri took out a loan to buy a solar lantern which she uses to light up her stall at night. The lantern costs between $66-$112, about a week's income for Waghri."The vegetables look better by this light, and it's cheaper than kerosene and doesn't smell," said Waghri, who estimates she makes about 300 rupees ($6) more each evening with her lantern."If we can use the sun to save some money, why not?"In India, solar power projects, often funded by micro credit institutions, are helping the country reduce carbon emissions and achieve its goal to double the contribution of renewable energy to 6%, or 25,000 megawatts, within the next four years.Off-grid applications such as solar cookers and lanterns, which can provide several hours of light at night after being charged by the sun during the day, will help cut dependence on fossil fuels and reduce the fourth biggest emitter's carbon footprint, said Pradeep Dadhich, a senior fellow at energy research institute TERI."They are reaching people who otherwise have limited or no access to electricity, and depend on kerosene, diesel or firewood for their energy needs," he said."The applications not only satisfy these needs, they also improve the quality of life and reduce the carbon footprint."SEWA or Self Employed Women's Association, is among a growing number of microfinance institutions in India focused on providing affordable renewable energy sources to poor people, who otherwise would have had to stand for hours to buy kerosene for lamps, or trudge miles to collectfirewood for cooking.SKS Microfinance, India's largest MFI, offers solar lamps to its 5 million customers, while Grameen Surya Bijlee (Rural Solar Electricity) Foundation helps fund lamps and home and street lighting systems for villagers in India, Nepal and Bangladesh.正确答案：每当夜幕降临，在非洲和印度次大陆偏远地区，数亿居民用不上电，只能靠蜡烛或煤油灯照明。

英语笔译实务3级配套训练第三单元英译汉（二）Developed Countries Remainthe Breeding Ground of the WealthyThe developed world will remain the breeding ground of the wealthy individuals of the future, according to research published today.Unveiling a prediction on the growth in the number of wealthy individuals over the next decade, Barclays Wealth and the Economist Intelligence Unit said the significance of the emerging markets in Brazil, Russia, India and China –the so-called BRICs economies –as a source of the rich had been “overplayed”.The report predicted that as the number of wealthy people grew across the globe, the vast majority of high net worth individuals, defined as those with investments and savings of over $1m, would continue to come from developed markets.All G7 nations will see the number of high net worth individuals double over the next decade, according to the report. In the UK, Japan and Germany these numbers will more than triple, while Canada will enjoy an almost six-fold increase.The UK and Germany will compete to become the first European G7 country to play host to 1m millionaire households over the next decade.According to the report, Germany will win the race, achieving the landmark in 2016, while the UK will follow in 2017.With property included, the UK emerged as the country with the densest concentration of wealthy households. The report predicted that more than a quarter, 26 percent, of the UK’s 26.5m households would be worth more than $1m by 2016.In terms of wealth per capita, the UK is beaten only by the US. The average person in the UK is predicted to be worth $332,388 by 2016, compared to $333,989 in the US.课文词汇breeding ground 滋生地Barclays Wealth 巴克莱财富研究所the Economist Intelligence Unit 经济学家情报社BRICs “金砖四国”（指巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国）G7 七国集团per capita 人均参考译文发达国家仍将是富人孕育地今天公布的研究报告表明，发达国家仍将是富人的滋生地。

2024年英语三级笔译（CATTI3）实务真题及参考译文1.英译汉（原文）The last vestiges of Covid Restrictions have finally been removed, and international tourism is exploding—more than 900 million eager tourists took to the skies in 2022, doubling the number from 2021.But as world travel recovers from the pandemic, the rise in tourism is, among other things, overwhelming foreign infrastructure, disrupting local residents and diminishing the overall tourist experience.Although tourism still boosts the economies of hotspot cities, municipal authorities are concerned about the impact over tourism has on their communities and cultural heritage sites and have thus started taking matters into their own hands to mitigate overcrowding.To counter the downsides of overtourism, the travel industry can utilize tech-based tools that combat the root causes of tourist congestion and actively encourage travel to lesser-known places, thereby satisfying tourists without burdening the local residents.According to one study, when tourist numbers exceed a city’s carrying capacity, residents’ perception of their home as a good place to live begins to deteriorate, increasing feelings of resentment toward tourists during peak seasons.Amsterdam, with its picturesque canals, stunning brick architecture and leisurely bicycle paths, is just one of several cities reeling from the effects of overtourism; more than 20 million tourists are anticipated to visit the city this year alone.To curb the flow of visitors without destabilizing the tourism market, the city introduced a cap on overnight guests and is proposing further measures that include relocating some popular tourist attractions to outside the city center—or even removing them altogether.To give the city more “breathing space”, the mayor of Dubrovnik（杜布罗夫尼克，克罗地亚城市）shut down 80% of its souvenir stalls and restricted cruise ship and tour bus operations. City officials in Barcelona instituted taxes for overnight tourists and barred entry to certain food markets. And in Venice, officials banned the development of new hotels and installed turnstiles along popular routes to redirect tourist traffic.To thrive with resident communities, the tourism industry must cultivate a new approach that better serves local interests when promoting destinations and trip options.Marketing trips through the use of thoughtful ad campaigns and tech tools that inspire tourists to venture away from conventional hotspots and explore lesser-known attractions could lead to a more even distribution of travelers across various destinations.To that end, dispersing tourists should be a top business goal for travel providers rather than focusing only on the high-traffic destinations. This not only enables travelers to genuinely experience diverse cultures but also provides vital support torural-located businesses, restaurants and cultural establishments, which stand to gain the most from tourist dollars.In order to empower travelers to visit new or unfamiliar destinations, the industry should consider leveraging tech-based tools to convince them. Airbnb（爱彼迎公司）, for example, rolled out flexible search features in 2021 that divert bookings away from destinations at times when overtourism occurs, encouraging tourists to make accommodations in alternative cities or towns.With tourists overrunning major destinations, the tourism industry and local municipalities must find some middle ground. Heavily visited cities will otherwise be forced to impose further tourist restrictions, putting an entire revenue stream at risk.1.英译汉（译文）新冠疫情最后剩余的限制终于被解除，国际旅游业也因此迎来了爆发式增长——2022年，有超过9亿热切的游客乘飞机出行，人数是2021年的两倍。

英语笔译实务3级配套训练第三单元汉译英（二）中美经贸合作解决中美贸易逆差扩大的现实的办法是，美国进一步扩大对中国的出口。

为此，我们已经以最大的诚意和最大的努力，大幅度增加了对美国农产品和机电产品的进口，并将进一步扩大我所需商品的采购。

同时，我们也希望美国承认中国市场经济国家地位，解除对中国高新技术的出口限制。

在这方面，我们真诚地希望，美国有关方面把那些陈旧观念和做法抛到太平洋去，来一个大胆的与时俱进。

我们对中美经贸合作的前景充满信心。

也许道路是不平坦的，但前途一定是光明。

纵观国际形势，中美两国经贸合作正面临一个难得的重要战略机遇期。

中美在经贸领域相互依存、互利共赢、你中有我、我中有你的格局已经初步形成。

美国的经济已开始复苏。

同时，中国的经济将在今后相当长一个时期内保持良好的发展势头。

课文词汇贸易逆差trade deficit机电产品electro-mechanical products与时俱进keep pace with the times互利共赢mutual benefit and win-win参考译文China-US Economic and Trade CooperationA realistic solution to the increase of US trade deficit with China (solution to US-China trade deficit increase) is for the US to expand its exports to China. We on our part have demonstrated the utmost sincerity and made our greatest effort by substantially increasing imports of farm produce/products and electro-mechanical products from the US, and placing more purchasing orders for needed American commodities. At the same time, we hope the US will recognize that China has the status of a market economy (recognize China’s market economy status), and lift its export restrictions on high-tech products (its restrictions on high-tech product exports). We ardently hope that the relevant US department will make a clean break with those obsolete (out-of-date) concepts and practices, and throw them into the Pacific Ocean so as to boldly advance/keep pace with times.We for on have full confidence in the future of China-US trade and economic cooperation. The road ahead might not be all smooth sailing, but the prospect is surely bright/promising. Internationally, China-US economic partnership faces a (window of)rare strategic opportunity. A pattern featuring economic interdependence, mutual benefit and win-win, a pattern of each having something of the other, is taking shape. The US economy has started its long-awaited rebound. And China’s economy will maintain a sound growth momentum for a considerably long time to come.。

英语笔译实务3级配套训练第三单元英译汉（一）NY City Seeks to Expand Lower-Cost UnitsThe City Council yesterday approved the first major overhaul of the most popular tax break for apartment building developers, adopting a plan intended to induce them to build tens of thousands of apartments for people other than the wealthy.The changes, which Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg supported and which would go into effect in 2008, significantly increase the areas of the city in which developers who want the tax break must make one out of every five apartments they build affordable to lower-income people. The boundaries of those areas would be reconsidered every two years in light of trends in the housing market.In addition, and for the first time in the 35-year history of the program, those lower-priced apartments would have to be included in each building and could not be built elsewhere in the city. There would be a cap on the size of the tax break given for market-rate apartments, to limit the degree to which the program might be said to subsidize gentrification.The revised program would also include a $400 million trust fund for developing low-and moderately-priced housing, especially in the city’s 15 poorest neighborhoods in the city.Housing officials estimate that the program, which is said to have fueled the construction of 110,000 units since 1971, will generate 20,000 new unitsof lower-priced housing over the first 10 years. The apartments, for rent or sale, will be set aside for low-income New Yorkers.课文词汇City Council 市议会tax break 减税；赋税优惠induce 诱导；诱使Michael 迈克尔Bloomberg 布隆伯格subsidize 补贴gentrification 乡绅化；trust fund 依托基金提高（房屋的品味）moderately 中等程度地fuel 推动；刺激参考译文纽约市大力开发低价住宅昨天纽约市议会批准了一项重大改革，首次调整了对公寓房开发商进行减税的政策，该举措备受欢迎。

笔译三级实务（综合）模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. English-Chinese Translation 2. Chinese-English TranslationPART 1 English-Chinese Translation (60 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this part is 120 minutes.1．Although it is not difficult to find a place to stay in while traveling in America, it is a tough job for you to find an ideal place to meet your pockets.正确答案：在美国旅游时，找个住处并不难，难的是找一个称心如意、价格合适的住处。

涉及知识点：英译汉2．Holiday resorts usually attract tourists because of their sunny beaches, snow-covered ski slopes, or championship golf courses.正确答案：度假胜地常因其阳光充足的海滩、白雪覆盖的滑雪坡地以及一流的高尔夫球场而吸引着游客。

涉及知识点：英译汉3．Consistently ranking among the cleanest, most livable cities in the world, Vancouver possesses an ethnically-diverse population, while it has become a center for shipping, film production and a popular tourist destination.正确答案：几乎在任何相关榜单上，都能看到温哥华以最干净、最适宜居住的形象榜上有名。

Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Guidebook company Lonely Planet has revealed its 18th annual“Best in Travel” list.The 2023 edition is in a slightly different format than it has been in years past. Rather than a simple list, the destinations are split up into five categories – eat, learn, journey, unwind and connect. “This year, we really wanted to try something new and we wanted to reflect the way that we saw travelers looking for travel, which was about the destination, but also about the experience,” explains Nitya Chambers, executive editor and senior vice president of content at Lonely Planet.Lonely Planet reaches out to its wide network of contributors around the world and asks them to nominate destinations they believe should be on the list. From there, editors at Lonely Planet HQ begin to ask more questions, work their sources and narrow down the options until it is released in November.That might mean taking a chance on a new country, like Malta or Guyana, that all your friends haven’t been to yet. It might mean choosing a less-visited place in a favorite destination, like Marseille rather than Paris or Fukuoka instead of Tokyo. All four spots are among the 30 destinations of the 2023 list. It’s no surprise that Peru appears as one of the picks under the “eat” section of Lonely Planet’s list –as it has been racking up the recognition for years on the World’s 50 Best Restaurants list. However, its South American sibling Montevideo – another “eat” entry – is not as high profile. Street food lovers should head to Kuala Lumpur. The capital is a perfect location for an introduction to food from all over Malaysia, like Penang-style curries and fish maw soup.As the world opened up after long Covid restrictions, many travelers felt the urge to connect or reconnect with others. Sydney, in this context, makes Lonely Planet’s “connect” list. The Australian city is known for its friendly inhabitants, as well as for its beautiful beaches, top-notch food scene and a pretty cool opera house. People with African heritage may want to head to Ghana for their own sense of connection. The country observed a Year of Return in 2019, which brought people from all over the diaspora to Ghana with fellowship and community. Just because the pass of the year doesn’t mean the loss of the sense of connection. The country,observed a Year of Return in 2019, which brought people from all over the diaspora to Ghana for fellowship and community. Just because the year passed doesn’t mean that the sense of connection has gone: Ghana wants to hit a goal of eight million tourists per year.The pandemic spurred another powerful desire, too:the stress of working from home while homeschooling the kids over Zoom means many travelers just want to take a long break. Island destinations, like Jamaica and Dominica in the Caribbean, are just the place to unwind, according to Lonely Planet. The former is high on Chambers’ personal list for 2023. “There’s just an opportunity with our kids in the summer (to) spend some more time, go immerse and have the experience of living somewhere where you can really feel changed and transformed by being part of another place.Malta – another “unwind” destination – is a lesser-known gem with the climateof Italy and the landscape of the Middle East. And in Asia, the Indonesian archipelago of Raja Ampat might be one of the last paradises left on Earth. It is loved for eco-tourism and is home to a massively successful coral restoration project. LP designated six “journey” spots, places for most travel-lovers. It’s no surprise that the central Asian kingdom of Bhutan made the cut.【参考译文】：旅行指南出版商《孤独星球》(LonelyPlanet) 连续第18年发布年度“世界最佳旅行目的地”(BestinTravel) 榜单。

2020年下半年英语三级笔译（CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.At 51, Cathy wanted to put her Oxford physics degree and former experience to better use. she had worked part-time in a school for several years while her three children were young, but she wanted to get back into the corporate world. Several applications later, she was getting nowhere. Then a friend told her about “returnships”, a form of work experience that some companies are experimenting with to help middle-aged people--mainly women--return to work, often after breaks to care for families.Cathy eventually secured a place on an 11-week“Career returners”program with a company, open to men and women, which included being paired with a 20-year-old male student. He helped to acquaint her with new technology, such as using an iPhone and accessing the company’s virtual network from her laptop so she could work from home but still access internal files.“On the assessment day, I thought they must have been looking at my project management skills. But they weren’t looking at us for specific roles. They were just thinking, ‘these women have a lot to offer, let’s see what they can do.’That was refreshing.” A clutch of companies in the UK and the U.S. have spotted an opportunity in hiring female returnees, who can put to use again technical skills learned earlier in their careers.They believe middle-aged women returning after a break make particularly good employees, because they bring a fresh perspective. Women tend to combine high emotional intelligence with strong leadership and organizational skills. “There is a massive pool of highly skilled people who want to return to work”, says the head of human resources of an engineering company.“Recruitment agencies typically view people who have had two years out as a risk, but we see them as a great opportunity.”In fact, by hiring female returnees,companies can access good skills these women developed in their former high-level jobs--and for a discount. In return,employers coach these middle-aged females back into working life. Through her returnship, Cathy gained a full-time role as an operations data consultant. She still is earning less than she would like to, “but it’s a foot in the door and the salary is up for review in six months,”she says. It is still overwhelmingly women who stay home to care for young children. UK government figures show that women account for around 90 percent of people on career breaks for caring reasons. A lack of middle-aged women working, particularly in high skilled roles, is costing the UK economy £50 billion a year, according to a report. The report found that men over 50 took home nearly two-thirds of the total wages paid out to everyone in that age range in 2015. It blamed the pay gap on the low-skilled, part-time roles middle-aged women often accept. Some 40 percent of women in work in the UK do so part-time, as opposed to only 11 percent of men. This issue is not restricted to the UK. A study last year by economists found “strong evidence of age discrimination in hiring against older women”in a range of white- and blue-collar jobs. The data show that it is harder for middle-aged women to find jobs than it is for middle-aged men, regardless of whether they have taken a break from working.【参考译文】：51岁的凯茜希望更好地利用她的牛津大学物理学学位以及先前的工作经验。