国际贸易实务与运输函电短语补充

Various kinds of cargo damage ?original damage（原残）damage occurred before shipment装船前发生的货损so the chief officer must inspect all shipments carefully as they are received所以大副必须在收到货时仔细检查所有货物If any damage is discovered, he may reject the shipment如果发现任何货损，他可以拒收货物Or ask to replace the damaged ones，or note the defects in the mate’s receipt或者要求替换有货损的货物，或者把货物的瑕疵记录在大副收据上stevedore damage（工残）damage occurred as a result of rough handling by stevedores in loading or discharging.由于装卸工人在装卸货时的野蛮操作而造成的货损stevedore damage may cause by: ?工残可能由什么原因引起？careless winch or crane work 粗心大意的绞车或起重机操作bad stowage 积载不当improper securing and lashing 不恰当的系固和绑扎insufficient or incorrect dunnaging 不足或者不正确的垫舱inefficient ventilation通风不良lack of proper attention to temperature control with refrigerated cargoes缺少对冷藏货物温度控制的适当关注句子Obviously, the damage to cargo is due to rough handling, please take up the matter with the insurance company.很明显，货物损坏时由于粗暴的搬运行为造成的，请将此问题向保险公司提出。

In our opinion, you should be responsible for the damage to the packages due to rough handling during discharging.我们认为，你方应该对由于卸货时野蛮操作而造成的包装损坏负责heavy weather damage （恶劣天气损害）damage resulted from unfavourable weather conditions由于不利天气因素造成的货损When sailing across the Mediterranean Sea on 1st April, we experienced boisterous weather with NW’ly wind of strong gale force 9 on Beaufort Scale.四月一号在地中海航行的时候，我们经历了恶劣天气，西北向蒲福风级9级强风Whilst passing through the Malacca Strait, the vessel encountered stormy weather with strong gales.当经过马六甲海峡的时候，船只遇到了强风暴雨天气Sweat damage（汗湿损）The possibilities of sweat damage can be eliminated by efficient ventilation汗湿损的可能性可以通过有效通风消除，持续监测舱内空气温度和湿度水平在航行期间也是十分必要的Pilferage（偷窃损）Inherent nature or vice of goods （货物固有缺陷损害）such as perishability（易腐）of fresh fruit 如水果的易腐性breakage（易碎）of glassware 玻璃类器具的易碎性spontaneous combustion（自燃性）of fishmeal 鱼粉的自燃性melting（溶解）of wax 石蜡的易融化性deliquesce（潮解）of fertilizer 化肥的易潮解性bear the burden of proof 负有举证责任cargo-handling operations 装卸货操作were apparently gnawed by rats 明显被老鼠咬了We note from your letter that several tin-lined boxes were found having hook holes in them on delivery to the consignee.我们从你的信中得知，一些衬锡盒在向收货人交付时被发现有货钩留下的洞15 bales of silk goods under Bill of Lading No. 43提单号43号下的15包丝绸货the parcel in question was shipped at Hong Kong提到的问题货物在香港装船in No. 3 Hatch tween-deck at forward end against the bulkhead被装在3号舱二层甲板的前端靠舱壁处State damaged status of cargoes陈述货物受损状况After discharge in the shed, I inspected the alleged damage to the cargo and found that the damage was not of serious nature as stated in your letter, but materially infinitesimal, which please note.在卸货入货仓后，我检查了这些声称的货损，发现货损并不像你信中所说的那样严重，而是很小的，这点请你方注意。

Please note this incident was of a rather serious nature.请注意，这起事故的性质相当严重。

State causes of damaged cargo （陈述货物受损原因）As to the damage to the cargo of chilled beef, we are of the opinion that the alleged damage was caused by the inherent nature of the cargo.对于冻牛肉货物的货损，我们的意见是，声称的货损是由货物的固有性质造成的。

Our investigation shows that, contrary to the bad stowage as stated in your letter, the breakage of the captioned goods is attributed to the inferior quality of the containers which do not come up to the standard for transit.我们的调查表明，与你信中所陈述的积载不当恰恰相反，标题项下货物的破碎归因于集装箱的质量低劣，它没有达到运输的标准。

State responsibility of damage （陈述己方已尽责）We have taken all precautions we can to avoid any damage to cargoes en route（在途中）.我们已经做了所有我们能做的在途中用于避免货损的预防措施。

The cargoes are handled under the strict supervision of the officers in charge.货物是在主管官员的严格监督之下作业的。

The above parcel was shipped at Qingdao directly from trucks of the shipper into the silk room of No. 3 Hatch with steel bulkhead on every side，under the strict supervision of the ship’s officer in charge.上述的货包在青岛装船，直接从托运人的卡车上进入每面都是钢制舱壁的3号丝绸舱，是在主管官员的严格监督之下作业的。

We decline any liability for the loss in this connection.我们拒绝在这一点上关于损失的任何责任。

Our ship should not bear any liability for the loss.我们（船方）不应该为损失承担任何责任。

This is entirely a case of negligence in stowage, for which you should be responsible.这完全是积载的过失，你应该为此负责。

Applicationreplenish bunkers: 补充燃油ship’s stores: 船舶供应品quarantine officer: 检疫员come on board my vessel: 登我轮inspection of vessel: 船舶检验fuel oil: 燃料油diesel oil: 柴油lube oil: 润滑油oil lighter: 油驳sail for: 驶往landing permit: 登岸许可证man with: 配备Please quote your favorable freight rate. 请告知我们你的最惠运价quotation: 报价，报价单，行情表Lesson Five: Enquiry & Replytariff: 价目表，运价表shipment: 装船，运货，运输量，装运的货物consignment: 托运的货物inward cargoes:进口货outward cargoes:出口货loading date:装货日期cargo space: 舱位，货位，货舱through bill of lading: 全程提单freight prepaid: 运费预付freight to collect: 运费到付CBM(cubic meters)：立方英尺Lesson Six: Cargo Workstow: 积载，装载The parcel was stowed in Hatch No. 2carry: 运输carrier: 承运人deliver the cargo: 交货take delivery of the goods: 提货The forwarders can take delivery of the goods on behalf of the consignor (exporter).货代可代表发货人（货主）/出口商提货cargo separation: 货物分隔mix with: 和…混合，混唛——In cargo loading, an efficient way of cargo separation is quite necessary so that different consignee’s cargoes can not be mixed when discharging.装货时，有效的货物分隔是十分重要的，以便不同收货人的货物在卸货时不会混唛。