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英语文学Chapter 3

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Chapter 3Directions: Please fill in the following blanks with appropriate information.1.The _________________ refers to the cultural movement from the 14th to the 17th century.It is considered the bridge between the ______________ Ages and modern history. (Renaissance; Middle)2.The Ren aissance began in Florence, Italy. It means the ______________ or revival of the European culture through the rediscovery of classical Greek culture. (rebirth)3.In essence, the Renaissance is a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers and scholars tried to get rid of the old ___________ ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie (middle class), and to recover the purity of the early ___________ from the corruption of Roman Catholic church. (feudalist; church)4.___________ is the essence of Renaissance. Its philosophical foundation is the belief that “Man is the measure of all things”. It praised human nature and emphasized the dignity of human beings and the present life. Humanists believed that man had the right to enjoy life and had the ability to perfect himself and perform wonders. (Humanism)5.___________and drama were the most outstanding literary forms of the Renaissance. (Poetry)6.In England, the sixteenth century marked the beginning of the English Renaissance. The major figures were ______________, Christopher Marlowe, Edmund Spenser, Sir Thomas More, Francis Bacon and a number of humanist scholars. (William Shakespeare)7.Thomas More’s best-known work is _____________. It is a picture of an ideal non-Christian state where everybody lives a simple life, shares the goods in common, possesses a good knowledge of Latin, fights no war and enjoys full freedom in religious belief. (Utopia)8.Christopher Marlowe was an English playwright, poet and translator of the Elizabethan era. A chief member of the group known as the ___________________, Marlowe was the foremost Elizabethan tragedian of his day, who greatly influenced William Shakespeare. (University Wits)9.___________________ was an English poet best known for The Faerie Queen,an epic poem celebrating Elizabeth I. (Edmund Spenser)10.William Shakespeare produced a whole series of historical plays, _________________ and comedies: such as Henry V, Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, and Twelfth Night. (tragedies)11.Ben Jonson’s comment on __________________________’s achievement is: “He was not of an age, but for all time!” (William Shakespeare)12.William Shakespeare’s great tragedies include ________________, Othello, King Lear, and ________________. (Hamlet; Macbeth)13.In “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?”, “thee” means “____________”. (you)14.In “But thy eternal summer shall not fade”, “thy” means “____________”. (your)15.“So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, / So long lives this and this gives life to thee” istaken from William Shakespear e’s ____________________. (Sonnet 18)16.The rhyme scheme in Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18is________________________________. (a-b-a-b, c-d-c-d, e-f-e-f, g-g)17. A typical Shakespearean sonnet has ____________ lines of iambic pentameter and ends in a rhymed ____________. (14; couplet)18.“To be, or not to be: that is the question”is taken from William Shakespeare’s tragedy ____________. (Hamlet)19.“Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability”is taken from Francis Bacon’s __________________. (Essays)20.“Some books ar e to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested” is taken from ________________________’s Essays. (Francis Bacon)1，_________________指的是从第十四到第十七世纪的文化运动。

它被认为是桥梁之间的 ______________年龄和现代史。

（文艺复兴；中间）2文艺复兴始于佛罗伦萨的意大利。

这意味着______________或复兴的欧洲文化通过希腊古典文化的重新发现。

（重生）3。

在本质上，文艺复兴是一个历史时期欧洲人文主义思想家和学者试图摆脱中世纪欧洲的老___________思路，引入新的想法，表达了新兴资产阶级的利益（中产阶级），并从罗马天主教会的腐败___________收复的纯度。

（封建；教堂）4 ___________是文艺复兴的核心。

它的哲学基础是相信“人是万物的尺度”。

它赞扬人性，强调人的尊严和现在的生活。

人文主义者认为人有权利享受生活，要完善自己，创造奇迹的能力。

（人本主义）5。

___________和戏剧是文艺复兴时期最杰出的文学形式。

（诗歌）6。

在英国，第十六世纪的标志英国文艺复兴的开始。

主要数字______________，克里斯托弗·马洛，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，先生托马斯，弗朗西斯·培根等一批人文学者。

（威廉·莎士比亚）7。

托马斯最著名的作品是_____________。

这是一幅理想的非基督教国家的图片，每个人都过着简朴的生活，共同分享货物，精通拉丁语，不打仗，在宗教信仰中享有充分的自由。

（Utopia）8。

克里斯托弗·马洛是一位英国剧作家、诗人和翻译家的伊丽莎白时代。

这组被称为___________________首席成员，Marlowe是最重要的伊丽莎白悲剧他一天，他极大地影响了威廉·莎士比亚。

（大学才子）9。

___________________是一位英国诗人最出名的仙后，史诗庆祝伊丽莎白一（埃德蒙·斯宾塞）10。

威廉·莎士比亚创作的一系列历史剧和喜剧，_________________：如亨利五世，哈姆雷特、Romeo和朱丽叶，第十二夜。

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美国文学Chapter 3

美国文学Chapter 3


Chapter 4
• Background • native factors: It is a period following American independence. (Political independence, economic development and territorial expansion contributed much to literature.) • foreign influence: Romanticism emerged from England and it added impetus to the growth of Romanticism in America.
Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)
• In 1833 Poe lived in Baltimore with his father's sister Mrs. Maria Clemm. After winning a prize of $50 for a short story, he started career as a staff member of various magazines, among which Southern Literary Messenger he had to leave partly due to his alcoholism. During these years he wrote some of his best-known stories. • In 1836 Poe married his 13-year-old cousin Virginia Clemm. She bust a blood vessel in 1842, and remained a virtual invalid until her death from tuberculosis five years later.
Chapters 3-4 英国文学简史ppt(English Literature)

Chapters 3-4 英国文学简史ppt(English Literature)

and was a great patron of literature. ➢ England slowly but steadily crawled to
the zenith of wealth and power during her reign. ➢ The Elizabethan age was one in which Renaissance transformed Chaucer’s medieval England into Shakespeare’s modern one.
➢ Plays, 37 in number
John Shakespeare's house, believed to be Shakespeare's birthplace, in Stratford-uponAvon.
William Shakespeare
(1564-1616)
Drama: period I
Drama: period III
➢ 1608-1612: the period of romances or serenity
➢ Cymbeline, Winter’s Tale, The Tempest
A Statue of William Shakespeare in Lincoln Park, Chicago.
First English comedy and tragedy
➢ Gammer Gurton’s Needle (1553/1575) ➢ Gorboduc (1561)
Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593)
Introduction ➢ The most preeminent figure among the
经典名著英语美文阅读-茶花女：Chapter 3

经典名著英语美文阅读-茶花女：Chapter 3

经典名著英语美文阅读-茶花女：Chapter 3Chapter 3第三章All the famous names from the world of fashionable vice were there. They were being slyly observed by a number of society ladies who had again used the sale as a pretext for claiming the right to see, at close quarters, women in whose company they would not otherwise have had occasion to find themselves, and whose easy pleasures they perhaps secretly envied.十六日下午一点钟，我到昂坦街去了。

在大门口就能听到拍卖估价人的喊叫声。

房间里挤满了好奇的人。

所有花街柳巷的名媛都到场了，有几个贵妇人在偷偷打量她们。

这个次她们又能够借着参加拍卖的名义，仔细瞧瞧那些她们从来没有机会与之共同相处的女人，也许她们私下还在暗暗羡慕这些女人自由放荡的享乐生活呢。

The Duchesse de F rubbed shoulders with Mademoiselle A, one of sorriest specimens of our modern courtesans; the Marquise de T shrank from buying an item of furniture for which the bidding was led by Madame D, the most elegant and most celebrated adulteress of our age; the Duc d'Y, who is believed in Madrid to be ruining himself in Paris, and in Paris to be ruining himself in Madrid, and who, when all is said and done, cannot even spend all his income, while continuing to chat with Madame M, one of our wittiest tale-tellers, who occasionally agrees to write down what she says and to sign what she writes, was exchanging confidential glances with Madame de N, the beauty who may be regularly seen driving on the Champs-Elysees, dressed almost invariablyin pink or blue, in a carriage drawn by two large blackhorses sold to her by Tony for ten thousand francs...and paid for in full; lastly, Mademoiselle R, who by sheer talent makes twice what ladies of fashion make with their dowries, and three times as much as what the rest make out of theirlove affairs, had come in spite of the cold to make a few purchases, and it was not she who attracted the fewest eyes.F公爵夫人的胳膊撞上了A小姐；A小姐是当今妓女圈子里一位典型的薄命红颜；T侯爵夫人正在犹豫要不要把D夫人一个劲儿在抬价的那件家具买下来；D夫人是当代最风流最有名的荡妇。

英国文学史及作品选读 Chapter 3

英国文学史及作品选读 Chapter 3

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2. The two contemporaries of Chaucer:
John Wycliff: The “Father of English prose”. He translated the Bible into Middle English. William Langland: The Vision of Piers Plowman. An allegory.
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Notes (1)
prioress: (Madam Eglantyne) A nun in charge of a priory or ranking next below the abbess of an abbey. 小女隐修院院长或大女隐修院副院长 parson: An Anglican cleric with full legal control of a parish under ecclesiastical law; a rector. 教区牧师英国英车圣公会牧师，在基督教法律 下拥有对一个教区的完全的法律控制权；教区 长
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3. Geoffrey Chaucer (ca. 1343-1400)
Life: Born urban middle class； In the service of the ruling class； The diplomatic mission that sent Chaucer to Italy in 1372 was a milestone in his literary development. He had direct contact with the Italian Renaissance. Perhaps he acquired manuscripts of works by Dante, Petriarch, and Boccaccio.