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中英颜色词文化内涵差异研究英语专业毕业论文TPMK standardization office【 TPMK5AB- TPMK08- TPMK2C- TPMK18】论文题目中英颜色词文化内涵差异研究系别英语系专业英语外贸年级 2011级学号学生姓名邓显雯指导教师李彤完成时间 2015 年 4 月肇庆学院教务处制An Exploration into Connotative Difference between Chinese and English Color WordsA ThesisSubmitted to the School of Foreign Languages ofZhaoqing Universityin Partial Fulfillment of the Requirementsfor the Degree of Bachelor of EnglishBy:Deng XianwenSupervisor：Li TongApril 2015学术诚信声明本人所呈交的毕业论文，是在指导教师的指导下独立完成。
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本人签名：日期：AbstractLanguage is the essential component and representation of national culture, which was created and developed via hosting its own culture features in the process of historical development. Color words are the indispensable part of national culture as well. Territory, custom, politics, religion and value difference results in connotative meanings of color words difference between Chinese and English culture.The paper is focus on analyzing the explanation and cultural connotation of color words “Red”, “Green” and “Blue” as follow. Firstly, it introduces the Sapir Wolfe hypothesis as well as the Berlin and Kay basic color theory. Then the similarities and difference description and cultural connotation of Chinese and English basic color words “Red”, “Green” and “Blue” are presented. The third is the causes of cultural similarities and difference of the three color words. Including the difference between natural environment, tradition and customs, philosophic and religious views. Last but not least, the enlightenment from the contrast that the interaction of color words connotation and cultural influence is what causes the similarities and difference among them.Key words: basic color words “Red”, “Green” and “Blue”; cultural connotation similarities and difference; causes; interaction内容摘要各民族在其历史发展过程中创造和发展起来的具有本民族的特点文化，称为民族文化，而语言既是民族文化的重要组成部分，也是民族文化的表现形式。
汉英基本色彩词的文化内涵对比浅析色彩是人类生活中不可或缺的一部分，在不同的文化中，色彩往往具有特定的象征意义和文化内涵。
汉语和英语作为世界上两种主要的语言，它们中的基本色彩词在文化内涵上存在一些差别。
本文将从汉英基本色彩词的语言学特点、文化内涵以及与文化传统的关系等方面进行对比分析。
汉英两种语言中的基本色彩词在语言学特点上存在一些差异。
在汉语中，基本色彩词的数量相对较少，主要有红、黄、蓝、绿、白、黑等几个基本色彩词，而其他色彩常常通过组合词或者修饰词来表示。
浅蓝、深红、嫩绿等。
而在英语中，基本色彩词的数量相对较多，除了red、yellow、blue、green、white、black之外，还有purple、orange、brown等许多其他颜色。
这种差异可能与不同的文化传统有关，汉语中对颜色的表达更加倾向于简洁和抽象，而英语则更注重细致和具体。
汉英两种语言中的基本色彩词在文化内涵上也存在一些差别。
在汉语文化中，红色象征着喜庆和祥和，因此在中国文化中，红色常常与喜庆的节日、新婚、生育等重要场合联系在一起。
黄色在中国文化中代表着财富和权力，因此在中国古代的宫廷和皇室建筑中常常会使用黄色。
而在英语文化中，红色代表热情和勇气，因此红色在西方国家中代表着爱情和战争等。
黄色则代表着快乐和温暖，因此在西方文化中，黄色常常与快乐、孩童等联系在一起。
这些文化内涵的差异可能反映了不同文化对颜色象征意义的理解和应用。
汉英两种语言中的基本色彩词与文化传统之间也存在一些联系。
在中国传统文化中，五行学说对颜色的分类起到了一定的影响。
红色属于火行，代表热情和活力；黄色属于土行，代表稳重和温暖；而蓝色属于水行，代表清澈和宁静。
中国传统文化中对颜色的运用往往与五行学说有关。
而在英语文化中，颜色的象征意义更多的是源自宗教和历史传统。
蓝色在西方文化中代表着忠诚和清廉，可能与基督教中对天堂的描述有关。
这些文化传统对颜色象征意义的塑造对汉英基本色彩词的文化内涵产生了一定的影响。
从颜色词看中英文化差异摘要我们生活在五彩缤纷、五颜六色的世界中，颜色的多样性造成了与之相对应的颜色词的丰富多彩。
颜色词除了可以表示最基本的大自然绚丽色彩的意义以外，在某种程度上也体现了人类的一些价值观和审美观。
在这种情况下，颜色词已不单纯是表示客观颜色的指称意义了，而是被赋予了不同的象征意义，而不同文化背景的人们对颜色的感知和审美体验是同中有异，异中有同。
本文将选取几个典型的颜色词来分析颜色词在中英文化中所存在的共性和差异性，探讨形成这种差异性的各种原因，并浅略讲述其对跨文化沟通、交流的影响及解决办法。
关键词：颜色词联想意义文化差异跨文化交际Chinese and English Cultural Differences Reflected in the ColorTermsAbstractAs we live in a colorful world, the diversity of colors results in the diversity of the equivalent color terms. Apart from expressing the most basic colors in the nature, colors, to some extent, represent some values and aesthetics of the mankind. In this case, color terms no longer merely express the designative meaning of the objective colors. They are given different symbolic meanings. People with different cultural background have different perceptions and aesthetic experience about colors, in which similarities can be found.This paper will select a few typical color terms to analyze the similarities and differences of color terms in Chinese and English cultures, discuss various reasons for these similarities, and touches upon their influence on the cross-cultural communication and exchanges and the solutions.Key words:color terms, associative meaning, cultural differences, cross-cultural communication目录引言 (1)1、中英两种文化中的颜色词及在跨文化交际中的翻译误区 (1)1.1、中英两种文化中的颜色词 (1)1.2、跨文化交际中颜色词的翻译误区 (1)2、颜色词在中英文化中的不同内涵，其共性与差异性 (1)2.1、白色（white） (2)2.2、红色（red） (2)2.3、黄色(yellow） (3)3、颜色词在中英文化中形成差异性的原因 (3)3.1、文化差异的原因 (4)3.2、价值取向的原因 (4)3.3、思维方式的原因 (5)3.4、宗教方面的原因 (5)3.5、其它原因 (5)4、颜色词的差异性对跨文化交流的影响 (6)5、在跨文化交流中应如何正确理解和翻译颜色词 (6)5.1、直译法 (6)5.2、意译法 (6)5.3、更换颜色词的翻译法 (7)5.4、增加颜色词的翻译法 (7)6、结语 (7)7、参考文献 (8)从颜色词看中英文化差异引言色彩与人类的生活息息相关，是人类认识世界的一个重要领域。
英汉基本颜色词文化内涵对比研究摘要在英汉两种语言里，有大量的表示颜色的词汇，正是这些颜色词使得人们的语言表达更加生动和丰富多彩。
同一种颜色在英汉两种语言中具有不同的文化内涵。
本文通过对中英文中常见的几种颜色词的分析，指出它们在不同的环境中所具有的不同的文化意义，并阐述了产生差异的原因，以达到增强语言交际能力、避免文化误读的目的。
关键词英汉颜色词文化内涵差别出现差异的原因图分类号：h085.3 文献标识码：a我们生活在一个多彩的世界，相应地有诸多的颜色词被用来描述这个世界。
尽管不同的民族有不同的颜色观念，但是英汉两种语言中确有相同的基本颜色词，比如black（黑），white（白），red（红）。
基本颜色词与各民族的文化紧密相关并反映各民族的文化。
英语和汉语均具有悠久的历史，二者都有丰富的颜色词汇。
其中基本的颜色词最具文化色彩并能反映两种语言所具有的不同的社会文化。
基本颜色词因具备诸多的文化内涵常会在跨文化交际中造成人们之间的误解。
本文主要以汉英两种语言中的几种颜色词为研究内容。
1 英汉基本颜色词文化内涵对比1.1 红色（red）红色是中华民族特别偏爱的一种颜色，它代表着幸福、吉祥和喜庆。
在中国的传统文化中，尤其是在中国传统婚礼当中这一寓意表现得尤为突出，新婚时节，大红的“喜”字随处可见，新娘身穿的礼服是红色的，头戴的花是红色的，还有红色的盖头，红色的床单，红色的被子，双方父母送给新婚夫妇的红包，这一切都体现着新婚的快乐、人们的祝福以及对未来美好的憧憬和向往。
而在西方国家，红色主要指的是鲜血的颜色，一旦鲜血流失，生命之花就会枯萎。
因此，英文中的红色在大多数情况下具有贬义色彩，比如，in the red（亏损），red alert（紧急警报），red tape （官僚作风）。
此外，英文当中的红色也含有喜庆之意，比如red letter day意思是“喜庆的日子”。
在少数场合，红色象征着尊贵与荣耀。
1.2 黑色（black）在中国，古代视黑色为天玄，黑色在中国文化里有沉重的神秘之感，是一个庄严肃穆的词。
英汉基本颜色词的文化内涵研究颜色是人们对客观世界的一种感知，人们的现实生活与颜色密切相关，人们生活在色彩之中。
在人类语言里，有着大量记录颜色的符号——颜色词，这些词语具有丰富的感情色彩和文化内涵。
颜色词是一种特殊的文化限定词，反映了特定的文化内涵。
在不同的民族文化中，同一种颜色可能有相同的象征意义，也可能蕴含不同的文化内涵。
对英汉基本颜色词的研究有助于加强我们对英汉两种不同文化的理解，避免在国际交往中对颜色词的误用，以更好地进行跨文化交际。
标签：基本颜色词;文化内涵;英汉差异一、英汉基本颜色词的概念涵义卡瓦西在《论艺术的精神》中谈到“色彩直接影响生活”，颜色会因为不同社会群体和历史背景等形成不同的社会感知。
颜色词可被分为基本颜色词和普通颜色词。
《基本颜色词语：普遍性与进化论研究》中总结了十一种基本颜色词：红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、紫、黑、白、棕、粉、灰。
中国五行说对基本颜色词的定义是：黑、白、赤、黄、青（蓝、绿）。
下文将对基本颜色词中的四种：红、黄、蓝、绿进行对比分析，进一步地研究其文化内涵。
二、英汉基本颜色词的文化内涵（一）红色（red）红色在英语中的文化内涵比较丰富。
首先，红色表示欢乐喜庆，例如：red-letter day（大喜日子），red carpet（隆重接待）;其次，红色可表达生气、窘迫之意，see red和like a red rag to a bull都表示生气，大怒的意思;红色也代表负债，如：in the red（亏损），red figure（赤字）;红色还与恐惧、淫荡有关，red-light district （红灯区，城镇中的妓院区），catch sb.red-handed（当场抓住某人做坏事）。
但中国人非常喜欢红色，先民们崇拜太阳与火，因为两者都是红色，他们逐渐把这种崇拜转化为对红色的崇尚。
红色喜庆祥和，中式传统婚礼一切以红色为主色调，寄托对新人美好的祝愿。
在最重要的节日——春节，人们也以红色装饰房子，红色春联，红色灯笼和新年红包等，希望新的一年红红火火。
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Psychology 91 从海明威的死亡哲学看麦康伯的死亡92 英语新词的形成特征93 论个人主义对美国英雄电影的影响94 从叔本华的哲学思想角度简析《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝的悲剧95 《红字》中的象征主义 96 《紫色》中“家”的解读97 英汉基本姿势动词（立、坐、躺）的语义实证比较研究98 Cultural Mediation in Interpreting—An Observation from the Perspective of Intercultural Communication 99 英汉谚语中文化因素对比研究 100 《德伯家的苔丝》中亚雷形象分析 101 目的论视角下公益广告的翻译 102 麦都思眼中的中国宗教形象103 从女性视角看文化冲突—基于亨利•詹姆斯的两部小说 104 论英语课堂教学中的非语言交际105 论《了不起的盖茨比》中二元主角的运用 106 商标翻译分析107 论学生角色在中学英语课堂中的转换108 Hawthorne’s Feminism Consciousness in The Scarlet Letter 109 星巴克在中国取得的成功及启示110 “In”与“Out”的认知解读 111 透过《丛林》看美国梦的破灭 112 《雾都孤儿》中的批判现实主义113 从文化差异角度研究英文新闻标题翻译的策略 114 霍桑的罪恶观在《红字》中的体现115 威廉•麦克佩斯•萨克雷《名利场》的道德研究116 浅析“Warming-up”在初中英语学习中的功能117 论商务谈判口译员的角色118 汉语公示语翻译中的误译现象研究119 《紫色》所体现的“黑人性” 120 浅析语用含糊在外交语言中的应用121 (英语系经贸英语)贸易壁垒下中国企业跨国经营的突破之路—以华为为例 122 《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝人物性格分析 123 梭罗《瓦尔登湖》中的“简单”原则124 “美国梦”的再探讨—以《推销员之死》为例 125 从《徳伯家的苔丝》看哈代的贞操观和道德观126 论安东尼• 特罗洛普的现实主义思想——以《巴赛特的最后纪事》为例英语专业全英原创毕业论文，是近期写作，公布的题目可以用于免费参考127 《雾都孤儿》中的浪漫主义与现实主义 128 论商务英语信函写作的语篇衔接与连贯 129 关于汉字“打”在英语翻译中的研究 130 谈英语电影片名的翻译131 解析凯瑟琳的爱情与婚姻之分离132 An Analysis of Youth Subculture through the Movie－－Trainspotting 133 浅析苔丝的悲剧134 在现实与理想间挣扎——论巴比特的无助与无奈 135 英语导游词翻译的原则与技巧 136 试析英语谚语中的性别歧视137 解析名词化与商务语篇的汉英翻译 138 苔丝悲剧人生的起因139 以《最后一片叶子》为例论欧亨利的创作风格 140 现代汉语量词英译研究141 On Foreign Language learning Motivation and Teacher’s Role to Promote 142 论《绯闻女孩》中的美国社会文化特征143 战争时期坠入凡间的天使——通过《永别了，武器》分析海明威眼中的理想女性 144 中外汽车文化对比研究145 A Study of Children Images in Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer 146 完美女性与准则英雄—论《永别了,武器》中的凯瑟琳 147 论《紫色》中西莉的精神意识的创建148 文化差异对中美商务谈判的影响149 商标的特征及其翻译的分析150 协商课程在高中英语教学中的应用初探 151 探析《玛莎•奎斯特》中玛莎性格的根源152 从《荆棘鸟》中三个女性形象解读女性主义发展 153 影响中学生英语口语流利性的障碍及解决策略154 完美管家还是他者—浅析《长日留痕》中的管家形象（开题报告+论） 155 商务英语翻译中的隐喻研究156 命运与性格－－浅论《哈姆雷特》的悲剧因素 157 浅谈中美家庭教育文化差异158 农村初中英语口语教学现状的调查与分析——以xx中学为例159 论《一个小时的故事》中马拉德夫人女性意识的觉醒 160 从女性主义视角看幽默翻译161 试论《武林外传》与《老友记》中的中美文化差异 162 中英婚礼习俗中的红和白颜色文化的研究163 论交际法在组织课堂教学中的重要性 164 谈新闻发布会口译中的礼貌原则165 浅析王尔德《快乐王子》中基督教救赎的表现形式 166 《红字》中的基督教因素初探 167 英汉习语文化差异浅析168 托马斯•哈代《无名的裘德》中的书信研究 169 试论英汉日常礼貌表达的异同170 An Analysis of the Female Characters in Moment in Peking 英语专业全英原创毕业论文，是近期写作，公布的题目可以用于免费参考171 语用移情及其在英语学习中的运用172 从男性角色解读《简爱》中的女性反抗意识 173 《石头天使》中哈格形象的女性主义解读174 《大学英语》听力理解中的石化现象与对策 175 从精神分析角度看《泄密的心》176 中外服装品牌英文标签语言的跨文化研究 177 论《红字》中的道德观178 海明威小说硬汉形象的悲剧色彩179 从跨文化的视角分析美国动画“辛普森一家”中的习语现象180 英文商务信函的语言特点和写作原则181 Sexism in English Language 182 以学生为中心的英语词汇教学的研究 183 研究网络语言的特点，影响以及其规范性184 原版英语电影在大学英语教学中的使用研究185 《奥罗拉•李》中的女性形象解读186 《嘉莉妹妹》与马斯洛的需求层次论187 A Feminist Study of William Shakespeare’s As You Like It 188 模糊数词在英语习语中的构成形式及其修辞功能 189 论英语俚语的汉译190 “适者生存”在《野性的呼唤》中的释义191 《八月之光》里的悲剧艺术——基于尼采审美理论的分析192 爱默生的自然观－－生态批评视域下的《论自然》 193 中式英语的潜在价值194 乡村音乐歌词的人际意义分析 195 中西方奢侈品消费文化之比较196 从功能翻译理论看《风声》的字幕翻译策略197 Cultural Connotation of English Proverbs and the Translation Strategies 198 苔丝之罪是谁之过199 浅析《贵妇画像》中的心理描写 200 英汉基本颜色词的文化内涵对比研究第二篇：英汉颜色词“Yellow ”与“ 黄”文化内涵对比研究（小编推荐）《英汉语言与文化》课程论文 2016英汉颜色词“yellow”与“黄”文化内涵对比研究姓名专业班级院系- 1《英汉语言与文化》课程论文 2016thus make contribution to the cross-cultural communication, translation and foreign language teachings..1. Cultural Connotations of Words Many scholars point out that words not only have denotative meanings but also have connotative meanings. For example, Palmer (1983) suggests that there are some other meanings besides its “literal” meaning in a word. Geoffrey Leech (1978) proposes that a word may have seven types of meaning: conceptual meaning, thematic meaning, connotative meaning, stylistic meaning, affective meaning, reflected meaning, and collocative meaning. Zhu Guangqian(1984) also points out that besides its dictionary meaning, a word may have associative meaning and contextual meaning. Based on these a rguments, this paper uses the term “cultural connotation” to refer to the implied meaning of words originated from culture, including metaphorical meaning, associative meaning, symbolic meaning, emotional meaning as well as other extended meanings.Words in one language can reflect the social and cultural features of a nation because the meaning of a word is determined by a group of people in the same society with the same culture. In terms of color words, we often take it for granted that color words are used to refer to the physical features of color systems, but we should keep in mind that the color system is partially determined by the culture instead of being solely based upon their physical features. For instance, in Hanunoo, a language of Philippines, all living things are described as green, while dead things as red. So, the dead bamboo is described as red, even though its real color is not red. The meaning of red in this occasion is its cultural connotation. 2. Cultural Connotations of “Yellow” and “黄”The color word “yellow (黄)” in both Chinese and English is the typical cultural words with abundant cultural connotations which can be either commendatory or derogatory. However, the cultural connotations of “yellow” and “黄” are not completely correspond with each other. There are similarities and differences between “yellow” and “黄”. 2.1 Similarities between “Yellow” and “黄”(1) Both imply warning. For example, in sports, “a yellow card (黄牌)” is a card held up by a football referee to show that a pla yer has wrong behavior; in traffic control, “a yellow line (黄线)” is a line painted yellow to alert people on streets.- 3《英汉语言与文化》课程论文 2016(5) Honor “Yellow” is also associated with honors in sport competitions. For example, a “yellow jersey” is an award to the winner of cycle race, especially the tour de France. 2.2.2 Exclusive Cultural Connotations of “黄”(1) Imperial Power There are many expressions with “黄” related to imperial power. Imperial dress is called “黄袍”；the palace where emperors live i s “黄宫”；an imperial edict is called “黄榜”. (In the expressions mentioned above, “黄” can be replaced by “皇”. ) What’s more, the idiom “黄袍加身” comes from a historical story, saying that in the late period of the Five Dynasties, Zhao Kuangyin, an army commander of Zhou, grasped the military power and launched the mutiny. His subordinates dressed him up in imperial yellow dress and supported him as their emperor. (2) Luck “黄” is regarded as a lucky color in China. For example, “黄道吉日（a lucky day）” is a suitable day for Chinese to held some important events such as funerals and weddings. “黄星” is regarded as a propitious portent. (3) Preciousness “黄” is often used together with “金（golden）” to express preciousness. For example, “黄金周(golden week)” means a period of time that is good for something, such as tourism. “黄金时间(prime time)” often refers to the period of time from 7 pm to 10 pm which is the best time for TV series or TV advertisements. “黄金岁月（the best age）” refers to the most memorable age for people. (4) Children and Old People “黄” is often used to describe children, such as “黄毛丫头”，“黄童白叟”and“黄口小儿”. However, “黄” also shows old age，such as “黄发垂髫”(5) Pornography “黄” appears in such Chinese expressions as “黄色电影”，“黄色书刊”，“黄色书刊”. In these expressions, “黄” is associate d with pornography，filth, and obscenity. (6) Unhealthy Complexion “黄” implies illness and hunger, which is resulted from a unhealthy complexion. There are expressions like “面黄肌瘦” and “黄皮寡瘦” 2.3 Summery - 5《英汉语言与文化》课程论文 2016countries use “yellow(黄)” to express depression. 3.2 Cultural Causes for the differences Although “yellow” and “黄” share some cultural connotations, they are still very different from each other. In Chinese, “黄” is mostly associated with commendatory meanings, such as imperial power, luck and preciousness. In contrast, “yellow” is nearly a derogatory word in English, which always implies betrayal, cowardliness and jealousy. Their contradictory connotations originate in the different environments and religions of ancient China and Britain. What’s more, although “黄” is noble in China，it is associated with pornography in modern Chinese. Similarly, although “yellow” is negative in English, it still can imply honor. Actually，these two connotative meanings is resulted in the cultural diffusion. 3.2.1 Environment DifferencesYellow River basin is the cradle of Chinese civilization. With temperate climate, fertilized land and abundant fresh water resource, Chinese people developed great agriculture civilization. Thus, land is of great importance for generations of Chinese people for they rely on it to live. Chinese people’s respect to earth can be shown in ancient Chinese legends in which Chinese people were created with the earth. Yellow, as the color of the earth and the Yellow River, obtained people’s worship. The firstemperor who united the tribes along Yellow River was addressed the Yellow Emperor. Since then, yellow has become the symbol of imperial power.Different from China, Britain is an island country that is surrounded by sea. The land in Britain is limited and less fertile, so ancient British people more emphasize on the sea where they greatly developed the maritime industry and fishery industry. Consequently, British people worship the color blue instead of yellow. In English, ther e are many expressions related to “blue” that show nobility and dignity. For example, a royal family is called “a blue-blooded family”; a medal is decorated with “blue ribbon”; the report that is released by British government is called “Blue Book”. 3.2.2 Religions Differences Taoism and Buddhism are two big religions in China. Both of these two religions regard yellow as a holy color. Taoist priests and Buddhist monks dress yellow cloths. “黄符” is a yellow paper with Taoist incantations，which is believed to have magical power of expelling evils. Thus, yellow is regarded as an auspicious color. Christianity is the dominant religion in western countries. Yellow is regarded as a derogatory- 7《英汉语言与文化》课程论文 2016and “黄” have many more differences: “yellow” is mostly associated with people’s bad characters, such as jealousy, cowardliness and betrayal; however, when “黄”used to describe people, it usually implies the age and bad health conditions. What’s more, “黄”, which is mostly associated with imperial power, luck and preciousness, is mostly a commendatory word, while “yellow” is usually used as a derogatory word. The reasons for these differences deeply rooted in the disparateenvironments and different religions of ancient Chinese people and British people: China is a country with vast land where people respect “yellow earth”, while Britain is an island country where people worship “blue sea”; “黄” is awed in Taoism and Buddhism, two big religions in China, while “黄” is distained in Christianity, the dominant religion in western countries. In addition, the diffusion of culture also plays an important role in determining the cultural connotations of “yellow” and “黄”: the pornographic meaning of “黄” originated from the English phrase “yellow journalism” and gradua lly changed the original meaning in Chinese culture; the positive meaning of “yellow” is resulted from the America’s absorption of other cultures such as French and Japanese culture.From above, we can find that culture greatly influenced the connotative meanings of “yellow” and “黄”. Consequently, we should understand the cultural differences in cross-cultural communication, emphasize on cultural adaption in translation and explain cultural backgrounds in foreign language teachings.References[1] Yu Guofang. A Comparison of Cultural Connotations between English and Chinese Color Words and Phrases [J]. Science Information，2007，(10)：116-117. [2] Zhang Li, Shen Zhenzhen. Study on the connotations of "Yellow" and "Blue" in Chinese and English Culture [J]. 2013 International Conference on Psychology, Management and Social Science，2013：401-405.[3] 程文宣. 关于颜色词“黄”的语义研究[D]. 吉林大学，2010 [4] 邓炎昌，刘润清. 语言与文化——英汉语言文化对比[M]. 北京:外语教学与研究出版社，1989. [5] 樊华. 英汉基本颜色词文化内涵对比研究[D]. 吉林大学，2005 [6] 黄宏. 英汉“黄”“蓝”颜色词文化内涵的不对等性[J]. 湖南科技学院学报，2007，(8)：17-18.- 910 -第三篇：英汉颜色词的文化内涵与翻译英语专业全英原创毕业论文，是近期写作，公布的题目可以用于免费参考最新英语专业全英原创毕业论文，都是近期写作1 Some Writing Skills for Senior High School Students in NMET2 歧义的语用研究3 Culture-oriented Strategies in Publicity Material Translation for Yangzhou City: a Perspective of Functionalism4 从消费心理学角度谈汽车品牌名称的翻译5 英语新闻标题的前景化6 浅析中美商务谈判中的文化冲突7 A Feminist Reading of A. S. 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Scott Fitzgerald’s ―Babylon Revisited‖ from the Perspective of Interpersonal Function 118 论《了不起的盖茨比》中的象征及其作用119 在孤独中寻找自我——析《没有指针的钟》J.T.马龙的救赎120 探析《玛莎•奎斯特》中玛莎性格的根源 121 简析比喻在《围城》中的运用122 顺应理论视角下公益广告英译中的语用失误分析123 Imagery Translation in Classical Chinese Poetry 124 从现代性角度浅议商标名的改写技巧 125 论商标翻译中存在的问题及对策英语专业全英原创毕业论文，是近期写作，公布的题目可以用于免费参考126 The Influence of Cross-Cultural Communication on Translation 127 探析《夜访吸血鬼》中的孤独128 Etiquette and Protocol on Intercultural Business Negotiation 129 英语广告语中隐喻的研究130 “美国梦”的再探讨—以《推销员之死》为例 131 从理解文化角度翻译英语习语 132 英语导游词翻译的原则与技巧 133 用批评性语言分析中美主要矛盾 134 麦都思眼中的中国宗教形象135 爱恨共辉煌——浅析《呼啸山庄》中的男主人公136 On Subtitle Translation in ―The Big Bang Theory‖ from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory 137 论电影《傲慢与偏见》对小说的二次创作138 海明威战争小说人物悲剧色彩研究139 多元智力发展与外语教学140 从隐喻视角解析《黄墙纸》的疯癫意象 141 课本剧在高中英语教学中的应用与研究142 从美国核心价值观分析美国家庭学校产生的必然性143 魔鬼之子：论《呼啸山庄》和《呼唤》中的男主人公形象144 从人格结构论视角看《红字》中男女主人公的矛盾心理 145 试论金融英语词汇的特点与翻译146 从语用学角度对英语课堂中委婉语的使用探究 147 在关联理论观照下电影名称翻译探析148 Feminist Thoughts of Theodore Dreiser——A Case Study of Sister Carrie 149 怎样提高初中生的英语口语150 论《献给爱米丽的玫瑰》中冲突和不确定性的体现151 从《瓦尔登湖》看梭罗的自然观152 浅析英文电影在高中英语教学应用153 高级英语课堂中教师角色研究154 网络环境下英语专业学生学习策略研究 155 中美广告创意的文化差异性研究156 《紫色》中黑人女性意识的觉醒和成长 157 影响中学生英语学习的心理因素分析158 关联理论关照下文化缺省现象及其翻译应对策略159 从传递文化信息视角探讨《红楼梦》翻译中“异化”与“归化”策略 160 浅谈商务英语合同的翻译161 《鲁滨逊漂流记》中鲁滨逊的资产阶级特征 162 从生态女性主义的角度解读《喜福会》 163 英语习语学习策略的探究。
英汉基本颜色词文化内涵对比研究摘要：颜色在我们的生活中起着不可或缺的作用，它是人类信息传递的工具。
尽管不同地域、民族、国家，同一颜色有着不同含义，但英汉两种语言有共同的基本颜色词，如黑black，白white, 红red, 黄yellow, 绿green, 蓝blue, 紫purple, 灰grey, 棕brown。
国内外研究发现颜色和生活是息息相关的，从而对基本颜色词作出了研究。
这些词承载着丰富的情感色彩，反映着不同民族社会文化背景，传递着不同民族文化传统。
即使是同一颜色的词语，也会因文化、地域、民族、国家而赋予不同意义。
因此对基本颜色词的研究有一定的现实意义。
本文旨在对基本颜色词涵义和概念作出解释；对不同颜色词所承载的不同文化内涵、背景进行总结；同时将英汉基本颜色词的不同文化内涵作出对比分析研究。
关键词：基本颜色词文化背景沟通对比意义引言语言是文化实体存在的表现，文化是语言发展的灵魂。
作为沟通交流的工具，语言一直在跨国界的领域中起着信息传递的作用。
其重要性迫使我们将研究精力放在其上。
文化是一个国家发展历程中的软实力，想要与一个国家合作，就要求对其文化的内涵进行研究，以避免不必要冲突和误解。
在美国民俗家Brent Berlin与语言学家Paul Kay 的著作《基本颜色词语：普通性与进化论研究》（Brent Berlin& Kay 【1969】）以及现代抽象派艺术的奠基人瓦西里·康定斯基所著的《论艺术的精神》中都一致表达出:“色彩直接影响着生活”的理念。
一、英汉不同基本颜色词的涵义与概念颜色，是人们对世界万物的感官反射，人们的生活离不开眼色。
卡瓦西在《论艺术的精神》中指出“色彩直接影响生活”。
人类语言文化中，颜色词数不胜数，这些颜色的符号会由于不同社会阶层和社会集团，而产生不同的社会感知。
颜色词，顾名思义，就是对外在事物外观色彩的感知描述。
从Brent Berlin 与Paul Kay de 《基本颜色词语：普遍性与进化论研究》（Berlin&Kay,1991【1969】）我们知道了书中所总结十一种基本颜色词：红（red）、橙（orange）、黄（yellow）、绿（green）、蓝（blue）、紫（purple）、黑（black）、白（white）、棕（brown）、粉（pink）、灰（grey）【1】。
英语毕业论文颜色词的中英文文化差异Cultural Differences of Chinese and English Color WordsABSTRACTLanguage is a kind of social phenomenon and is the carrier of culture. Almost every language has color words, including Chinese and English. However, the words to describe colors differ from one language to another because of different customs, polities, religious beliefs etc. Different colors bring different symbolic meanings which have unique characteristics in each nation. As a result, it may lead to misunderstanding and even violate the taboos. The main purpose of this paper is to compare the differences between Chinese and English color words in terms of word building, history, politics, economy and daily usage to help people to have a better understanding of different cultures and to bridge the gap between different cultures in communication and to facilitate cultural exchange.Keywords: color word culture differences politics history daily usage颜色词的中英文文化差异摘要语言是一种社会现象，也是文化的载体。
关于汉英基本颜色词文化内涵对比研究论文关键词：基本颜色文化特征对比交际论文摘要：语言是文化的载体，词汇是语言中最为活跃的元素，而颜色词更与我们人类密切相关，体现不同地区和民族的文化特征。
本文就汉英两种语言中基本颜色词汇的不同文化内涵进行了对比分析，其目的在于能够更好更为准确地使用颜色词的同时，进一步到达交际的目的。
1颜色词语的意义语言是文化的载体．同时又是文化的重要组成部分。
而词语又是语言中最为活跃的因素，是语言中最能反映文化特征的部分。
它们的产生、变化和发展都包含着丰富、复杂的文化信息，如地理环境、历史传统、政治经济、风俗民情、宗教信仰、审美取向、价值观念及思维方式等等，其中色彩词语最能体现出浓厚的民族色彩和鲜明的文化特征，使不同民族的语言呈现出不同的特色。
带有明显的文化烙印。
这就要求译者在翻译不同文化和语言中带有颜色的词汇时，要充分理解该颜色在不同地区和领域中的显著特征和具体内涵，切不可“望文生义”。
颜色与人类的生活息息相关，我们无时无刻不在与颜色打交道。
大干世界的颜色种类无穷无尽，有各自的独特物理属性，在语言中也有鲜明生动的体现。
对颜色的认知，是人类最基本的认知范畴之一。
世界各民族语言表达颜色的词语数量不一，分类各异。
但英语和汉语对基本颜色词的分类差别不大。
汉语中有赤、橙、黄、绿、青、蓝、紫，英语中有red(~)，white(白)，black(黑)，reen(绿)，yellow(黄)，blue(蓝)，purple(紫)，ray(灰)，brown(棕)。
这些基本颜色之间有相同的方面，也有不同的区别。
不同之处主要受到地理环境、民情风俗、思维方式、宗教信仰等因素的影响，使不同的颜色在视觉和心理上对不同地区和民族的人产生不一样的联想和象征意义。
下面对英汉两种语言中的几种主要颜色词进行一下对比研究。
2颜色词语的翻译2．1红色(red)在任何一种语言内，词语都可能带有一定的情感色彩，或有褒义，或有贬义，或者不褒不贬。
商丘学院毕业论文（ 2011届本科）题目：英汉基本颜色词中文化内涵的对比研究学院：外国语学院专业：英语作者姓名：户美君指导教师：职称：副教授完成日期： 2014 年 12 月 25 日二○一四年十二月目录商丘学院本科生毕业论文（设计）诚信声明 (1)商丘学院本科生毕业论文（设计）开题报告 (2)正文 (7)商丘学院本科生毕业论文（设计）题目审批表 (24)商丘学院本科生毕业论文（设计）指导情况登记表 (25)2外国语学院毕业论文开题报告专业: 英语学生姓名: 户美君班级: 11（2）班指导教师:开题日期: 2014年9月15日123456The Situation Creation of Primary SchoolEnglish Teaching7Wu GuowenUnder the Supervision ofHu XianghuiCollege of Foreign Languages and LiteratureHexi UniversityMay 2013ContentsAbstract（English） (9)Abstract（Chinese） (10)1. Introduction (11)2．Cultural Connotation Differences between English and Chinese Color Words (12)2.1 The Sense of the Basic Colors in Chinese (13)82.2 The Sense of the Basic Colors in English (17)3. Causes of the Differences in the Cultural Connotation between English and Chinese Color Words (19)3.1 Differences in History and Culture (19)3.2 Differences in Geographical and Environmental Background (20)3.3 Differences in Religious Belief (21)4. Conclusion (22)References (22)Acknowledgment (23)AbstractCulture has distinctive features of the national character, is a unique creation of different ethnic groups in the specific environment, history, geography, religion and customs. Due to the impact of these factors, color terms have connotative meanings as well as conceptual meanings. Color term, a special kind of Culture-bound words, is the important reflection of different cultural connotation. One color may have identical symbolic meaning in different cultures but it may indicate different cultural mentality resulting in different association of ideas, therefore they have different9cultural connotations. With the communication and development in every field between China and west countries (English-spoken countries), it is necessary for us to learn that. The article compares the different cultural connotation between Chinese and English and analyzes the reasons, which help us understand different cultures between China and west countries, and communicate with people from different cultural background.Key words: color term, culture, difference摘要文化具有明显的名族特色，是不同人群在不同的地理环境，宗教信仰和历史习俗的独特产物，由于受到这些原因的影响，颜色词不仅具有自身的概念意义，还具有不同的内涵意义。
颜色词作为一种特殊的文化限定词，是反映不同文化内涵的一面重要的镜子。
在不同的民族文化中，同一种颜色可以有相同的象征意义，同时也可以表达不同的文化心理，引起不同的联想，具有不同的文化内涵。
随着中国与西方国家在各个领域中交流和发展，准确理解其文化势在必行。
本文通过分析对比英汉基本颜色词的文化内涵,并剖析其产生差异的原因，让大家更深入地了解英美民族与汉民族文化，从而帮助来自不同文化背景的人们更好进行地沟通交流。
关键字：颜色词；文化；差异1. IntroductionLanguage is the carrier and products of culture, its connotation reflect the different cultural characteristics. Culture is the deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe, and material objects acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving (Samovar et al 1995). Culture is total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions, and communication patterns that are shared, learned and pass down through the generation in an identifiable group of people. This is probably the most widely accepted definition of culture (Linell Davis 2004). Culture has distinctive features of11the national character, is a unique creation of different ethnic groups in the specific environment, history, geography, religion, customs. Due to the impact of these factors, the vocabulary is given a different pragmatic significance, known as the cultural connotation. Color term is an important component of vocabulary. Like other words, color terms have connotative meanings as well as conceptual meanings.In Chinese and English languages, the words and phrases of different colors are very abundant. According to the general study of Brent Berlin and Paul Kay, there are totally ten basic color terms in English, which contain white, black, red, green, blue, purple, pink, brown, gray and orange. However, in Chinese, the basic color terms just include white, black, red, green, yellow, blue, purple, brown and gray. Though it seems that there are fewer Chinese basic color than English, in fact, Chinese is also one of the richest and most colorful languages in the world. Color words can be used either literally or metaphorically to convey their meanings, so it is also an important problem of the research of language and culture, and worthy to be studied thoroughly. 2．Cultural Connotation Differences between English and Chinese Color WordsDue to the respective cultural background and tradition, some phrases containing color words have far surpassed their original meanings, forming different connotations in cultures. The difference of the connotation of the color between different cultures is determined by each different national and historical background, the different traditions and habits, the different peoples’ life experience, and aesthetic psychology of culture. With the increasing richness of language and the increasing improvement of human mind, color word has extended and escaped gradually and has their own symbolism. For example: red is warm and imaginative, symbolizes celebration and progress. Green is the color of life, a symbol of life, balance and peace. Blue is the symbol of quiet and tranquil, it is the color of truth and harmony. Only by understanding the English and Chinese cultural background knowledge to grasp the deep meaning of the color-word vocabulary in both languages, we can be carried out more efficiently and more smoothly exchange.2.1 The Sense of the Basic Colors in Chinese2.1.1 RedThe most important color for Chinese is the red color. In China, red color is our country’s basic cultural color. It shows the Chinese material and spirit pursuit. It is the color of good luck and is used for decoration and wedding dressing, the brides always wear a red cheongsam or a red wedding dress at wedding ceremony, because in the Chinese traditions, the red color stands for the propitious sign. It is a lucky symbol which can bring happiness and make the brides and grooms’ life better and better. For another example, the money to children or bonuses should be wrapped in red paper, is called by in Chinese Spring Festival “red e nvelope”. The publication of the list of the candidates of the results to be published list of college enrollment and advanced character is called “red board”.Red is also the color of fire, and the fire gives hot warm booming, thriving and flourishing. Thus it als o contains fortune of people, including the success of the cause, the smoothness of the career, the rapid increase of wealth. For example, good luck is called “red luck”. The human condition is very good, and someone who is very popular with others, which are called “becoming red”.Work, study, production, operations and other activities achieve success at the beginning, which is called “begin with a red door”, and so on. Another example, at the APEC meeting of Shanghai, all the leaders wear the Chinese traditional clothes. All the clothes are of the same style, but the colors are different. Chinese leader chooses the red clothes, while most of the western leaders wear clothes of other kinds of colors. From this example, we can see that the important connotation of red for the Chinese in various aspects of the intercultural communication.Red is also the color of the “revolution”, the banner of revolution is a “red flag”. Red symbolizes the revolution of the proletariat, Marxism-Leninism, socialism and communism, the Communist Party. As a re sult, the Communist Party’s revolutionary regime is called “red political power”, revolutionary base is called “red base” or “red zone”, leadership of the Communist Party of the revolutionary army is called the “red army”, and a high degree of loyalty to the revolutionary cause has been hailed as “red13heart”. These expressions have the typical characteristics of Chinese culture.However, in the Chinese culture, red also symbolizes the meaning of envy or jealousy. In Chinese “red eye”, “illness of red eye” means envy and jealousy.2.1.2 YellowYellow occupies a very important position in ancient China, is the representative the rights and the rule at the all dynasties and the color of the royal family. For example, the basic color of the emperor’s clothing is yellow. “Yellow robe”is the robes of the emperor, and the emperor ascended the throne calle d “with yellow robe”, and so on.Yellow is influenced by ancient Chinese feudal superstition, and it is also the symbol of the gods of heaven or the underworld. For example, Acting in the days of the election depends on “yellow calendar”. “Good day in yellow calendar”, it is appropriate to act in the good days. “Yellow paper” is the paper that people fete for the dead. “Yellow spring” refers to the underworld or someplace like this. The above is formed by the impact of ancient Chinese history and cultural thinking.Yellow is also the symbol of vigilance. Yellow is bright eye-catching, usually used to reminder from the attention and alertness. For example, trackman repair and do the maintenance work on the highway, always dress in yellow clothes, which aims at attracting the drivers’ attention. Before the traffic lights turn from green to red light, yellow light will get light firstly, in order to alert vehicles and pedestrians “red light would light up and the road is about to cut-off the line; “Yellow alert” is a preliminary alarm; “yellow line” is the yellow lines prohibit or restrict parking on both sides of the road. To help the user quickly identify and classify commercial telephone number, phonebook is always printed by yellow paper, known as the “Yellow Pages”, and so on.It is the modern times that we connect yellow with pornography fornication, corruption and degeneration because of the “yellow back”in English. So there are expressions, such as “yellow novel”, “yellow movie”, etc. In fact, in English yellow does not directly express the meaning of “pornography”, but the implied meaning of “sensational”. For example, “yellow journalism”means “irresponsible wantonexaggeration, rendering the news reports.”Yellow also shows the immature and ignorant young people, for example, “yellow-haired girl” or“yellow-mouthed boy” in Chinese is also often used to represent.2.1.3 GreenGreen puts people in mind of nature, green grasslands, green grass in Chinese, so it means quiet, nature, and health. For example, green food, green industry, green Olympics and the Green Revolution.Green symbolizes life, and therefore also a symbol of harmony and peace. So people in the traffic signal system with the “green light” to road are allowed to pass. Thus the “green light” has the meaning of approval and release. For example, “Only studio heads can greenlight new movies.” “We are ready to rebuild the our house, we’ re just wait ing for the green light from the Council”.However, green is also used to mean “humble” or “of bad reputation”. For example, “green hat” is not necessarily a green hat but often indicates a cuckold. In Chinese, the color of blue can be replaced by “qing”. “Woman in qing buliding” refers to a woman driven to be a prostitute, for“qing building” in Chinese often implies a brothel instead of a building of green color. In China, especially in the feudal society, the dress of the government official on a lower level was regularized to be green, so it also symbolizes humble. “Green clothing” is the symbol of low position in the official career.2.1.4 BlueIt seems that blue is a favorable word to Chinese. The blue sky and sea often arouse us to yearn for a better future and the feelings of distance, calmness and justice. In Chinese, the color of blue can also be replaced by “qing”, thus “qing sky” and “qing cloud” both refer to the blue sky. Because “blue sky” in a fine day is always cloudless, making people feel b right and clear, “qing sky” in Chinese often refers to a just judge or an upright person.Blue is often connected with the sea and sunny sky, and it makes people feel comfortable and relaxed. If someone is emotional or wants to calm down, soft blue15can take an effective effect. So blue means a symbol of peace and quiet. In addition, “B lue picture” comes from the English word “blueprint.” The former refers to the design drawings, named for its blue. It refers to the construction of the basis used，planning as well as people of the grand vision of the future.2.1.5 WhiteWhite in Chinese culture is used of a wide range of rich colors implication, its symbolic meaning is commendatory but major is derogatory. White symbolizes the meaning of clear, innocence and understanding, for example, “the truth is white”means that finding the truth and putting cause and effect outs of the public to the world. “Wrong is not white” means that it is unable to crack the grievance. “Express the white” or “tell the white” refers to tell the truth, express one’s thought, show one’s love or explain the clear meaning.White, opposite to red, is a basic taboo color in Chinese traditional culture. It is the expression stands for death and ill omen. For example, when one died his family members must dress in white, and held a funeral and this is called “white event”. In Chinese feudal society, the common people were forbidden to dress in any other colors except white, so they were called “white clothing”. The persons with no position are “white man,” their houses are “white house”. Besides, White in Chinese also means failure. In a war, the yielding party will hang “white flag” as a sign of accepting its failure.2.1.6 BlackBlack contains the bad, unlucky or bad imagery in Chinese. The reason is mainly that night often shows dark, fear, terror and pain. In Chinese people who do bad things is called “black heart.” “Black society” means an illegal social organization. “Black shop” refers to an inn ran by brigands. “Black goods” is the unla wful carrying or selling goods. “Black residence” refers to a family without registration.However, black is a solemn and serious color with the heavy sense of mystery, and expresses more commendatory. For example, in traditional Chinese Folklore judge Baogong has a “black face”, an untouchable morally. In traditional Peking Opera Zhangfei or Likui is also painted “black facial makeup”, symbolizing justice,upright and impartial.2.2 The Sense of the Basic Colors in English2.2.1 RedWesterners are accustomed to holiday in the calendar printed in red font, therefore in English the word “red-letter day”, means festival or festive day，so red in English has also been the meaning of joy, but this expression in English is very limited. Besides, in western when Welcome VIP courtesy, red is always used to pay tribute. For example, the common red carpet welcome to the heads of other countries, to symbolize each other’s dignity and square grand welcome reception. Red has also the meaning that one is healthy both in English and Chinese, for example, “red face (with a face as red as a rose)”. “Red is associated with certain emotions.” For example, “She becomes red faces”. “Her face turned red”. “I can see that he is in red with anger”, etc.However, in English-spoken countries, red is always described as derogatory sence. First, red is the symbol of the violence and blood. In western culture, red mainly refers to the color of blood, as soon as the blood trickled down, the flowers of life will wither. Therefore, red is often linked with violence, blood and terror. For example, “the red rules of tooth and claw”, “r ed revenge”and “a red battle.” Second, red is the symbol of debauchery and obscenity. Therefore, activities such as prostitution, escort fun place are decorated by red lights embellishment, so red also alludes to the debauchery and obscenity. For example, “a red light district”, “p aint the town red”,“a red waste of his youth”. “Is she really red as she is painted?” a nd so on. Third, for a long time, westerners are used to fill with red font a loss of revenue and expenditure figures in the west in order to achieve eye-catching and the alert, therefore red gradually has the meaning of “loss”, for example “in red ink”, “in the red”. This modern practice has been accepted by the Chinese people, so there are expresses, such as “the budget deficit”, “trade deficit”, in Ch inese.2.2.2 YellowThe symbolism of yellow is not often used in western culture, the mainly17meaning of the “baseness” and “coward”, such as,“yellow dog “,“yellow streak”, etc.2.2.3 GreenIn English, the symbolic meaning of green is associated with nature. But it stressed the forces of nature, vitality. For instance,“a green old age”describes as vibrant, full of vitality. “In the green wood”means the young period. Green also symbolizes the fresh in English, such as “green recollection”, “k eep the memory green”,“a green wound”, and so on. Yellow often expresses the immature, childish in Chinese but in English it used by green, such as, “a green hand”, “a s green as grass”.“The new trainees are still very green”.Banknotes of various denominations in the United States are the main colors of green, so green is often used to symbolize the banknotes. Such as “greenback”, “greenmail”, etc.2.2.4 BlueBlue shows either the eulogistic, can also be expressed derogatory in English. Blue is the symbol of high status in English, powerful and well-born nobles. For instance, “She is a real blue blood”. “Blue book” is published in celebrities, especially senior government officials in the name of the book, “blue rib bon”, etc. In addition, blue usually contains the meaning of the depression and sadness in English. Such as “the blues”, which is an African-American folk songs, slow melody and sad. “Be in the blues” or “have the blues”. Secondly, in English blue is different in pornographic meaning but in Chinese yellow, such as “blue film”, “the blue talk.”2.2.5WhiteOf course, there are obvious differences in both language and culture, In Chinese culture white is a mourning color, Chinese people always wear white mourning or funeral to show mourning with the white flowers, while in English-speaking countries white is a symbol of happiness and luck, such as “days marked with a white stone”,“a white day”. When the w edding is held in the church in the Western countries, the bride always wears a white wedding dress, which shows luck and purity. But Chinese brides wear red cheongsam, which reflects the difference between Chinese and Western social customs and cultural background. Nowadays, many Chinese bridesalso wear the white wedding dress, which also shows the fusion of western culture.Black symbolizes evil, crime, on the contrary, often white symbolizes integrity, honesty, law-abiding. For example, “a white spirit”, “white men”, “white hand”, “white market”, “white list” and so on.2.2.6 BlackIn western culture, black color is the sign of the darkness. In the Bible, the black stands for devil, evil, pain and misfortune. In the figure of speech, the usage of black always gives people the feeling of terror, which can be seen in the following examples, “the black art”,“black and blue”,“black day”, “black dog”, ”a black look”,“in a black mood”,etc. These expressions are all related to the bad, evil, indignant characteristics in western culture.Red is the symbol of “loss”, on the contrary, Westerners is accustomed to black font to note a profitable digital, so there is a saying “in the black”.Black not only symbolizes the death, evil and disaster, at the same time, but it also has the connotation of sobriety and stateliness, black suit and black dress are both the favorite traditional clothes for the westerners. On serious occasions, the celebrities all like black clothes, all the members of the symphony orchestra are all in black suit to show the respect to the audience. In the service industry, the black suit is the one for the high-grade manager.3. Causes of the Differences in the Cultural Connotation between English and Chinese Color Words3.1 Differences in History and CultureColor has different interpretation of the symbolism in historical period, the Chinese nationalities are different from the western cultural environment, and different nationalities form different color concept. Take “red” as an example; during the Spring Festival in China, people have the red goalkeeper, red couplets, red lanterns and red firecrackers. In Chinese people’s minds, red symbolizes good things. Red is the color to make people happy and joyful. However, in western purple is the19symbol of dignitaries and royal, for example, “to rise to the purple”,“to be born in the purple”and “to marry in to the purple” in English.Most westerners would be surprised because Chinese people connect white with funeral aversion. However, in western wedding, the bride wears a white wedding. Because the different historical backgrounds and cultural customs between the Chinese and English nation, the color word has been given a different culture meaning.Peking Opera is a representative of Chinese culture, the color of mask has the meaning of Chinese characteristics with an important value. Here is a brief introduction. Black: black is also initially used to represent the skin of people, judge Bao’face shows that his skin is black, As the impartial image of judge Bao’ untouchables is respected, black symbols become into a character characterization，after extension, the black mask is generally used for selfless, upright and straightforward character, Red: red is generally used to indicate the upright and loyalty, shows more positive role. In fact, red mask originally just shows people's skin, and a lot of red and black color roles are very gallant, integrity, and so on. White: white mask is the symbol of the performance of treacherous villains in the Beijing opera, such as the opera Caocao is painted a pink and white face, which shows treacherousness and suspiciousness. Green: In the Beijing opera, green mask is generally used to represent the brave, reckless, hot-tempered character with a black mask similar intention. Blue: In Beijing Opera facial makeup, blue and green have the similar meaning that are an extension of the black, which means that the character is strong, forthright, and sometimes that shows insidiousness, cunning. Purple: purple is the middle color of red and black and its symbolism represented between red and black, generally expresses solemn, steady, upright and dignify, full of a sense of justice. Yellow: yellow in Beijing opera mask, is brave and sturdy or violent and cruel, yellow mask is generally used for the brave and irascible character. Gold and silver: gold and silver applied more widely, is used to represent the gods of gold shines; sometimes a golden mask shows the prowess of the generals, to increase its eminence.3.2 Differences in Geographical and Environmental BackgroundIn addition to the history and culture, the color preferences of Chinese and English nations are also influenced by the geographical environment that people live. Such as the Chinese nationality regards yellow as their own advocates color, the Anglo-American selects blue color as the national advocate, which reflect a close relationship with the English-Chinese two geographical environment of the national life.Ancient Chinese considers yellow as the high position, because the Chinese nation ancestors live in the world consisting of yellow — the Yellow River and the Loess Plateau. The Yellow River is called the mother river of the Chinese nation. The Yellow River always is connected with our ancestral totem, because the Yellow River as the second longest river in China, from a height overlooking, it is like a dragon meandering in the high mountains of the motherland, it is our nation’s unique totem.Different from Han nationality, the Anglo-American ancestors “Anglo Saxon”lived an island which is surrounded by the sea. For thousands of years, the western trade, battle and adventure, all rely on the blue waves. So, blue represents the color of the land they lived as the yellow for the Chinese nation. Consequently and it is not difficult for us to understand the two nations choose yellow, blue as the color of their own advocate respectively.3.3 Differences in Religious BeliefReligion also has a great impact on social life. As we all know, Christian culture is far-reaching impact on the British and American people, while China is mainly affected by the Buddhist culture and the Confucian, Taoist culture. In the Bible, black is the symbol of the devil, evil, suffering and misfortune, while angels are always with a pair of clean wings, suspended in the head with silver-white aura. So angels become synonymous with the most lovable people in the literary works. In the Grimm’s Fairy Tales shows that “Snow White”is smart, kind, beautiful, which is popular with children all around the world. In their views, the white is the symbol of purity, happiness, beauty, and goodness. So in western culture, white is well-respected and well-loved. In Chinese culture, Confucianism and Taoism occupied an important position before the Sui and Tang Dynasty, and it leaves a lot of words in Chinese,21such as: “Tao”, “Tai Chi” and“Bagua”. With the introduction of Buddhism, a large number of Buddhist vocabularies are used in daily life. The Chinese people enjoy yellow, which is reflected in many aspects, for example, Yellow is the color of the Buddhist scripture; the cloth of the monk Lama is also yellow. Han nationality advocates yellow with certain religious overtones.4. ConclusionAs what mentioned before, language is the carrier and products of culture, its connotation reflects the different cultural characteristics. The colors we see are light waves absorbed or reflected by everything around us. This article analyses and compares of the color word connotations in different cultures. It can be seen that the social and cultural impact of color in word meaning is lasting and deep-rooted.However, the meanings of many color words have changed greatly. The reason for it is clear. With the globalization go deeply into our life, human’s awareness of dependence on each other is enhanced. And from the developing and changing of the color words, we can also find the cultural mixture around the world. The cultural mixture is the theme and general trend to the world cultural development all the way. Therefore, we should pay more attention to the relationship between language and culture and the development and change of language and culture; it is of great significance to promote cultural exchange and cross-cultural communication. 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I would like to view the writing of this thesis as an academic experience during which Ms. Hu, with her comprehensive knowledge and great patience in correcting my draft again and again, instructed me how to read and write, and more importantly how to think.I am also indebted to all the teachers who have been instructing and encouraging me during my four years study.23。
