六级近义词汇辨析 形容词副词

宝贵的Costly costs a lot of money, often more than wanting to pay; action / mistake is costly(代价大)Precious valuable and should not be wasted or used badly. important and do not want to lose it.(时间，资源的宝贵)Luxurious very comfortable and expensive. (奢侈)Invaluable extremely useful.(不与金钱挂钩，经验的宝贵，资料的宝贵)不断的Constant happens all the time or is always there.(=continual) (经常地、不断的) Chronic chronic illness or disability(慢性的); behaved like that for a long time and do not seem to be able to stop themselves.(习惯性的)Consecutive periods of time or events happen one after the other without interruption.(连贯的，连续几天…、几届…)Successive happening or existing one after another without a break.(=consecutive) (相继的)出于本性的Natural born with that ability and did not have to learn it.(=instinctive) (本能) Inherent the necessary and natural parts of it.(遗传的; 内在的，固有的)Intrinsic because of its basic nature or character, and not because of its connection with other things.( intrinsic value or intrinsic interest,如内在价值) (FORMAL) (内在的) Spontaneous are not planned or arranged, but are done because someone suddenly wants to do them.(自发的，自然而然的)次要的Secondary less important than something else.(次要的，二等的，与其他事物比较) Minor less important, serious, or significant than other things in a group or situation.(major) (在同一类范围之内)Inferior less important because they have less status or ability.(superior)(下级，差(贬)) Trivial unimportant and not serious.(不重要的；琐碎的；不费吹灰之力的)粗糙的Crude not exact or detailed, but may be useful or correct in a rough, general way. Rude (polite) (=obscene) (简陋的，欠加工的)Coarse rough texture because they consist of thick threads or large pieces.(粗布，粗砂)Rough uneven and not smooth.(不平不光滑的粗糙)脆弱的Weak (strong) (形容身体，器官，神经，意志，声音等)Feeble weak; not very good or convincing( feeble argument.) (衰弱无力的；无效的) Crisp Food that is pleasantly hard, or has a pleasantly hard surface.(饼干薯片的脆) Delicate easy to harm, damage, or break, and needs to be handled or treatedcarefully.(=fragile) (易损的；娇嫩的)独特的Unusual does not happen very often or you do not see it or hear it very often.(中性) Exceptional has a particular quality, usually a good quality, to an unusually high degree. (优越的，杰出的)Extraordinary have some extremely good or special quality.(褒义) (非凡的，奇特的) Particular one thing /one kind of thing rather than other similar ones.(独特、不一般的工作/故事)复杂的Complicated has so many parts or aspects that it is difficult to understand or deal with. Intricate something that has many small parts or details.(如图样、纹路) (复杂精细的、错综复杂的)Elaborate very complex because it has a lot of different parts.(详尽的，无贬义) Tough is difficult to do or solve.( a task or problem)高贵的Decent considered to be of an acceptable standard or quality.(正派、得体的) Graceful polite, kind, and pleasant, especially in a difficult situation(优雅的). Gracious very well-mannered and pleasant.(someone is superior to you 对比自己地位低的人有礼的、亲切的)Respectful show respect for someone. (尊敬的)辨析：respected 受尊敬的很可能的Liable very likely to happen.(to happen 只对将来发生的预测)Probable likely to be true or likely to happen.(=likely)Prone have a tendency to be affected by it or to do it.( usually something bad) (易于(患病)的；有(消极)倾向的)Potential capable of developing into the particular kind of person or thing mentioned.(=possible) (潜在客户，可能出现的问题)基本的Radical very important and great in degree.(形容changes, reforms, differences) Essential extremely important or absolutely necessary to a particular subject, situation, or activity.(=crucial) (必需的)Fundamental very important or essential(affect other things or elements upon)(=basic) (基础性的)Indispensable are absolutely essential and other people or things cannot function without them.(必不可缺的)静止的Calm water is not moving(=still); pleasant weather with little or no wind(a calm day) (平静的)Stationary not moving.(塞车时候静止的车流) (与动相对)Stable not likely to change or come to an end suddenly.(稳定的静止：如物价的静止) Steady firm and does not shake or move about.(hold steady如拿稳相机) (物体的)巨大的Enormous extremely large in size or amount. (庞大的)Tremendous how strong a feeling or quality is, or how large an amount is. (=terrific褒) Immense extremely large or great.(=enormous但不可以修饰数量) (巨大的，无限的) Giant much larger or more important than most others of its kind.(同类相比)灵活的Flexible able to change easily and adapt to different conditions and circumstances as they occur.(=adaptable); can be bent easily(可弯的)Elastic able to change to suit new circumstances or conditions as they occur.( ideas, plans, or policies);can be stretched easily(可拉的，强调弹性)Plastic soft and can easily be made into different shapes.(可塑、可变的)Loose not firmly held or fixed in place. (松动的、活动的)内部的(都无比较级、最高级)Inner contained or enclosed inside the other parts(closest to the centre) (内心的) Inside (a place, container, or object)(与outside相对)Interior something that is inside a building or vehicle.(interior wall 内壁)Internal exist or happen inside a country or organization.强烈的Intense very great or extreme in strength or degree. (强烈的，极度的)Violent happens suddenly and with great force.(如形容爆炸)Robust strongly held and forcefully expressed.(形容views or opinions) (强健，坚定) Forceful a very powerful effect and causes you to think or feel very strongly.(=powerful) (强有力的)强制性的Arbitrary not based on any principle, plan, or system (unfair) (如强制拘留) (武断、专断的)Authoritative an impression of power and importance and is likely to be obeyed.(权威的(语气并不太重))Compulsory must do or accept (the law, rule or authority)(=mandatory) (强制、必修) Imperative extremely important and must be done. (=vital太重要以至于必须)清楚的Obvious easy to see or understand.(=clear)Evident notice it easily and clearly.(=noticeable)Distinct can hear, see, or taste it clearly.(强调区分清楚差异) (明显的不同、迥然不同) Explicit expressed or shown clearly and openly, without hiding anything.(直接明确的，明显的)对比：implicit 含蓄的始终如一的Consistent behaves in the same way, has the same attitudes towards people or things, or achieves the same level of success in something.Insistent keeps insisting that a particular thing should be done or is the case.(始终认为)Permanent last for ever.(永久性temporary)Persistent continues to exist or happen for a long time(about bad or undesirable states or situations.)(持久的咳嗽、下雨、债务等);against(持续的批评、反抗)有活力的Live 精力充沛的Living 活跃的(生命的活跃)Brisk done quickly and in an energetic way.(轻快地、生机勃勃的)Active 活跃的，积极的(态度上的活跃)有能力的Capable have the ability to do(of doing) (仅仅是能做)Proficient can do it well.(+in/at) (熟练的、精通的)Competent efficient and effective; be competent to do (=q ualified)(能胜任；有资格) Able very clever or very good at doing something.(聪明能干的)重要的Significant important or shows something.( fact, event, or thing)Critical extremely important(+time,factor,situation); dangerous and serious (+situation) (危急的); seriously ill(in critical condition(固定搭配))Urgent needs to be dealt with as soon as possible.(=pressing重要紧急的)Crucial extremely important(=critical但仅仅有此一个含义)著名的Prominent (=well-known) (重要的，著名的)Outstanding very remarkable and impressive.(= exceptional由于杰出著名的) Remarkable unusual or special in a way that makes people notice them and be surprised or impressed.(由于不寻常值得注意而著名的)Noticeable very obvious, so it is easy to see, hear, or recognize.(由于明显而广为人知的，显而易见的)最重要的Cardinal considered to be the most important. (+rule or quality)(~ rule 黄金法则) Prime most important in a situation.(主、首：主犯，主目标，首要问题，首相)Primary very important.(FORMAL)(=main)Predominant more important or noticeable than anything else in a set of people or things.(强调同类当中的比较，占主导地位的)几乎Barely 意为不超过、仅仅(我仅仅能看到而已I can barely see it; 刚刚20个人There’re barely 20 people here)Hardly 主要与any，ever，at all或动词can连用Almost (=nearly)(几乎，四个词中唯一一个表肯定意思)Scarcely 主要意为不到、不足(There’re scarcely 20 people here 不到20个人)。

2018年12月英语六级词汇：形容词及副词类2018年12月英语六级词汇：形容词及副词类表示主要的，重要的词primary, major, main, chief, important, essential, significant表示充足的enough, sufficient, plenty, abundant表示适当的appropriate表示提升，改善，加强enhance, improve, strengthen表示合法valid, legal, lawful, rightful表示卓越不凡extraordinary, excellent, uncommon, remarkable, outstanding.表示很有名气well-known, noticeable, famous表示义务，有责任去做compulsory, required, obligatory表示积极，主动positive, proactive表示合理sound, rational, correct, sensible, logical, reasonable 表示英勇brave, bold, valiant, heroic, courageous, fearless表示巨大huge, large, giant, vast, enormous表示牢固稳定sturdy, strong, firm, tough, stable, hardy表示声誉reputation, fame, prestige表示巅峰、顶点tip, top, peak, apex, zenith, climax表示发现、探索discover, seek, search表示增加increase, enlarge, multiply, expand, raise, accelerate, broaden, magnify表示减少reduce, decrease, decelerate, lessen, debase, abate, diminish, decline, discount, subtract, deduct表示转变convert, change, transform, switch表示提供、提交offer, supply, provide, furnish, contribute, submit表示构成、组成constitute, consist, organize, form, erect, establish, compose, comprise,加快人才培养accelerate the training of professionals与建立关系establish relationship with在取得进步make progress in表示有用，有益helpful, useful, utile, beneficial发挥的作用play (central, crucial, decisive, essential, fundamental, important, key, leading,) major,primary, prominent, significant, vital) role in。

按压Compress压缩以便至于更小的空间(物理上的压缩)Condense指液体的浓缩或者凝结；缩写文章Crush压碎，碾碎Press压破，榨出保护Defense action that is taken to protect someone or something against attack.Guard you stand near them in order to watch and protectProtect prevent them from being harmed or damaged.Secure(a place) you make it safe from harm or attack保留Preserve保护，保藏（prevent sth from being harmed or destroyed）；保持，维持Reserve保留，储备（keep for special use）；订（座位），预定（book）Retain to continue to have that thing.(注重状态的保持)Sustain continue it or maintain it for a period of time.(维持)Converse保存，保藏（use a supply carefully without waste）保证Ensure make certain that it happens.Guarantee makes it certain that it will happen or that it is true.(对将要发生的) Assure definitely true or will definitely happen, often in order to make them less worried.(极度肯定(以致多为安慰))Swear you are saying very firmly that it is true.变弱Weaken becomes less strong or less powerful.Degrade causes people to have less respect for them. cause it to get worse.贬Decay形容society, system, or institution的变弱变坏(组织的变弱)Crumble a system, relationship, or hope crumbles, it comes to an end.参加Join organization, activity ,queue(join sb 与…一起…)Enter enter a place，enter an organization or institution（同join）Attend attend a meeting or other event; school, college, or church,(go there regularly) Participate participate an activity颤抖ShakeTremble shake slightly because you are frightened or cold.(可表示担心)Quiver shakes with very small movements.(因强烈感情而颤抖)Shiver body shakes slightly because you are cold or frightened.抵制Resist refuse to accept it and try to prevent it.Repel an army repels an attack,(抗御，击退)Defy refuse to obey them and behave in that way.(违抗，反抗)Oppose disagree with what they want to do and try to prevent them from doing it.(使他人停止做)反对Object express your dislike or disapproval of it.Refute prove that it is wrong or untrue.( argument, accusation, or theory,)(辩驳，驳斥) Protest say or show publicly that you object to it.(抗议)Retort reply angrily to someone. (回嘴)防止Avoid(doing) take action in order to prevent it from happening.Prevent(from doing) to ensure that it does not happen.Exclude防止紫外线；未成年人，妇女（进入）等；(把…排除在外)Preclude prevents the event or action from happening. (杜绝，排除)放弃Abandon abandon a place, thing, or person,( especially when you should not do so.); abandon an idea, activityDesert no longer help or support(可人可物)Discard get rid of it because you no longer want it or need it. (抛弃)Quit a job, an activ ity, a place(completely and do not go back to)服从Obey a person, a command, or an instruction,Conform a law or someone's wishes, (顺从，遵照)Comply(with) an order or set of rules,Observe a law or custom,改变Alter changeVary different from each other in size, amount, or degree.(有一个变化的范围)Divert divert money or resources to be used for a different purpose. (使转向；用于另外的目的；转移注意)Switch（from…to…）(转变)忽视Neglect没有对自己的责任以应有的重视Ignore有意忽略Omit因疏忽而遭到遗漏(略去；不包含在内)Disregard ignore it or do not take account of it. (无视，失敬)Overlook（监管时）忽略花费Expend especially energy, time, or money,Exhaust筋疲力尽；(money or food) use or finish it all.Consume(an amount of fuel, energy, or time)means to use it up.如用电量(花费量) Cost money that is needed in order to buy获得Gain =obtain(得到)Achieve =accomplish(完成，实现)Acquire buy or obtain it for yourself, or someone gives it to you; acquire a reputaion(取得，赢得)Contrive succeed in making it happen(often by tricking someone) (设计某人)激励Further help it to progress, to be successful, or to be achieved. (推进)Inspire to do something new or unusual, they make you want to do it. (鼓舞) Promote help or encourage it to happen, increase, or spread.（激励经济发展）Propel cause it to move in a particular direction(推动)加强Intensify becomes greater in strength, amount, or degree.Consolidate strengthen it so that it becomes more effective or secure.(power or success) (巩固)Reinforce stronger or more intense.(feeling, situation, or process) (强化；使更有力) Underline draws attention to it and emphasizes its importance. (强调)检查Inspect look at every part of it carefully in order to find out about it or check that it is all right. (如检查汽车)Investigate find out what happened or what is the truth. (调查)Scrutinize examine it very carefully to find out some information from/about it.(考察女婿)Survey look at or consider the whole of it carefully. (审查)交流Contact in order to tell or ask them something.(telephone, write, go to see) (联系) Communicate share or exchange information with them,Intercourse communication as they spend time togetherCorrespond（+with）write letters to sb. (书信沟通)禁止Prohibit通常是a law or someone in authority的禁止(尤指法律)Forbid较普通forbid sb to do or forbid an activityBan state officially that it must not be done, shown, or used. (尤指官方)Bar prevent them from going or entering somewhere, by blocking their path.(=block) (阻挡)捐献Dedicate【+oneself】：decided to give a lot of time and effort to it because they think that it is important.奉献【+sth】：in the front of a book or a piece of music, showing affection or respect for you.（谨以此书献给）Donate to a charity or other organization（向组织）；献血，捐器官(于慈善有关的) Sacrifice to obtain something else for yourself or for other people.牺牲Attribute(…to…) 把…归因于…看瞧Gaze look steadily at them for a long time, (盯)Glance look at them very quickly and then look away again immediately. (快) Glimpse see them very briefly and not very well. (瞥见，看一看)Peer look at it very hard, usually because it is difficult to see clearly. (仔细、费力地看)考虑Deem 认为、视为（主动）Consider (of) think about it carefully.Deliberate (over/about) think about something carefully, especially before making a very important decision. (认真考虑，研讨)Ponder(on/over) think about it carefully. (沉思，默想)扩展Extend reach/stretch/continue; to make it bigger/ longer(延长，伸长)Expand increase in size, number or impertance(扩大，扩充)Enlarge(on/upon) give more details about it.(=expand)Prolong to make it last longer.(=extend) (仅仅局限于长度)谴责Curse say insulting things to them because you are angry with them.Reproach you say or show that you are disappointed, upset, or angry because they have done something wrong. (责备)Condemn say that it is very bad and unacceptable. (usually for moral reason) (道德上的谴责)Rail(against/at) criticize it loudly and angrily. (怒斥)强迫Force make you do it even though you do not want to, for example by threatening you. (武力强迫)Compel a situation, a rule, or a person compels you(条件强迫)Impose you use your authority to force them to accept it. (强加于(征税用))Oblige a situation, rule, or law makes it necessary for you to do that thing. (强使)忍受Endure you experience it and do not avoid it or give up, usually because you cannot. (强调时间长)Sustain suffer or experience(遭受，蒙受) (尤指破坏、损失)Tolerate accept them although you do not particularly like them.(=put up with) Withstand a force or action, they survive it or do not give in to it.(=stand up to) (经受、顶住)扔投ThrowCast a light or shadow somewhere, (也可+思想，感情，目光)Pitch throw it with quite a lot of force, usually aiming it carefully. (掷)Toss throw it there lightly, often in a rather careless way.（甩；扔纸团，饮料给某人）设想Conceive +of sth./doing; conceive sth as sthImagine you think about it and your mind forms a picture or idea of it. (着重于影像，想法)Assume you imagine that it is true, sometimes wrongly. (假定)Speculate make guesses about its nature or identity, or about what might happen. (猜想)使混合Blend you mix them together so that they become one substance. (混合)Merge they combine or come together to make one whole thing.(如公司合并)Melt融化；melt into…消失在…之中Stir you move it around or mix it in a container using something such as a spoon.(搅拌)使沮丧Depress they make you feel sad and disappointed.Grieve grieve over sth; grieve sb to do; be grieved by; especially someone's death, you feel very sad about it.(悲痛)Embarrass they make you feel shy or ashamed. (使囧)Frustrate it upsets or angers you because you are unable to do anything about the problems it creates. (使灰心，气恼而不知所措)使困惑cunfuse make it difficult for them to know exactly what is happening or what to do. Perplex confuses and worries you because you do not understand it or because it causes you difficulty. e.g: It perplexed him because…(使费解)Bewilder so confusing or difficult that you cannot understand it.(=perlex)Baffle cannot understand it or explain it.(=puzzle)使恼怒Annoy makes you fairly angry and impatient.Irritate keeps annoying(=annoy)；(也可以作使发炎、疼痛)Provoke deliberately annoy them and try to make them behave aggressively.(provoke sb/provoke sb into doing)(挑衅，挑逗成分)Aggravate make you annoyed. (INFORMAL) (一般很少使用) (愿意为：使恶化、侵犯)使摇摆Sway lean or swing slowly from one side to the other.Fluctuate it changes a lot in an irregular way.(温度，价格的浮动)Swing moves repeatedly backwards and forwards or from side to side from a fixed point. (可用作挥拳的挥)Flutter moves up and down or from side to side with a lot of quick, light movements.(飘动，飘扬，摇摆(可用形容衣服，旗帜))提升Raise move it so that it is in a higher position.Heave you push, pull, or lift it using a lot of effort.(sth heavy and difficult)Elevate to increase it in amount or intensity. (FORMAL)(此时=raise,可作状态提升，提拔) Hoist lift it or pull it up there.(sth heavy)(常加to/into表示至…)(通常指用绳子；有吊起，升旗的意思)跳跃Bound they move quickly with large steps or jumps.(animals or a person) (向前跳跃) Bounce moves upwards from a surface or away from it immediately after hitting it.(a ball or sth like a ball)(反弹)Hop move along by jumping on one foot.Skip move lightly and quickly with small dancing or jumping steps(可作跳绳，皮筋)污染Pollute (water, air, or land) especially with poisonous chemicals or sewage.Spot污点，弄脏Stain thing becomes coloured or marked and difficult to remove (always by liquid) (溅脏(雨水，血，油污…))Contaminate (by dirt, chemicals, radiation) they make it dirty or harmful.(如食物被污染)希望Wish you want to do it or have it done.(for sth/to do)Desire want sth. (=wish for)Urge urge sb to do, you try hard to persuade them to do (希望别人做) (驱策，强烈要求) Appetite ？下降Decline becomes less in quantity, importance, or strength.(多用于数字)Descend downwards from a higher to a lower level. (FORMAL)(=go down) (空间上的；也可表示财产和权力的遗传)Diminish becomes reduced in size, importance, or intensity.(势力，规模) (缩小，减低：diminishing表示递减)Shrink becomes smaller.(grow) (缩小)限制Restrict put a limit on it in order to reduce it or prevent it becoming too great.(=limit) Confine prevent it from spreading beyond that place or group. (使局限于)Restrain(sb)stop them from doing what they intended or wanted to do, usually by using your physical strength. (抑制，控制)Refrain(from doing)deliberately do not do it. (忍住，克制)消除Eliminate remove it completely. (especially something you do not want or need) Delete cross it out or remove it.( sth written down or stored in a computer) (删除) Dispose(of) (something that you no longer want or need) throw away. (除掉，处理) Rid(of) take action so that you no longer have it or suffer from it.(如消除腐败)修改Revise =change (always making things better, more suited, fair, realistic; to improve) Rectify change sth wrong so that it becomes correct or satisfactory. (改正)Amend change to improve it or make it more accurate.(sth written such as a law) (修正法律条文)Restore复原，重建；修复使其如新压迫Oppress to treat them cruelly, or to prevent them from having the same opportunities, freedom, and benefits as others.Repress make a deliberate effort not to show or have this feeling. (抑制情感) Suppress镇压活动；表压制感情时=repressOverwhelm affects you very strongly, and you do not know how to deal with it. (by a feeling or event)=overpower引起Arouse causes them to have that reaction or attitude.Generate=createStir stirs or is stirred in sb,( a particular memory, feeling, or mood)(引起…的感情，回忆) Spark点火=start; 引起，造成=cause运送Carry take it with you, holding it so that it does not touch the ground.Transport to take them from one place to another in a vehicle. (运输)Transmit sent from one place to another, (radio and telev ision programmes, computer data, or other electronic messages) (传播，传送)Commute(to/between) travel a long distance every day between your home and work. (通勤)增加Increase becomes greater in number, level, or amount.Enhance improve its value, quality, or attractiveness.(reputation etc.) (增加，加强) Hike increas suddenly or by a large amount. (prices, rates, taxes, or quantities)=raise Soar quickly increases by a great dea l.( amount, value, level, or volume of something) (也可以指火箭升空)展示Show give it to them, take them to it, or point to it,Display put it in a particular place, so that people can see it easily.=exhibit(陈列) Illustrate解释，说明（用图表图像说明）Exhibit put in a public place (museum or art gallery)so that people can come to look at it. (可说animals are exhibited in a zoo.) (展览)阻碍Hinder makes it more difficult for you to do something or make progress.Interrupt打断说话/打断活动的进程(如interrupted his holiday) (打断)Interfere(with)has a damaging effect on it.( a situation, activity, or process)(如Smoking and drinking interfere with your body's ability to process oxygen.) (妨碍) Intervene interrupt a conversation in order to improve it or prevent it from getting worse(干涉，干预)。

英语写作高级词汇替换（4级到6级到8级的常见词语转变）英语写作高级词汇替换★形容词：1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated11. 流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive1.everywhere 普遍的widespread、prevalent、overflow、rampant2.good 好的beneficial、advantageous3.harmful 有害的inhumane、detrimental、baneful4.rich 富有的wealthy、affluent5.poor 贫穷的impoverished7.serious 严重的severe8.obvious 明显的manifest、apparent、evident9.cheap 便宜的economical、inexpensive★动词：1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim = argue8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten1.improve 提高：promote、advance、enhance2.change 改变：transform3.emphasize 强调：highlight、stress、address(这是个9星级用法)4.develop培养：agriculture、cultivate、nurture5.break 破坏：impair、undermine这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏jeopardize、devastate6.keep 保存preserve、conserve 保护资源7.deal with解决tackle、address（这也是高难度用法，很牛）、resolve8.need 需要require、necessitate、call for★名词：1. 影响：influence= impact2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard3. 污染：pollution = contamination4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race5. 老人：old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue11. 责任：responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12. 能力：ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业：job = career = employment = profession14. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15. 孩子：children = offspring = descendant= kid1.forefather 祖先ancestor、predecessor2.difference不同gap（简单但是牛）、distinction3.crime 犯罪delinquency、criminal act4.environment 环境circumstance、atmosphere、surrounding、ambience5.pollution 污染contamination6.human 人类the human race humanity humankind7.danger 危险peril、hazard8.in modern society 在当今社会in contemporary society in present-day society in this day and age★短语：1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for3. 从事：embark on = take up = set about = go in for4. 在当代: in contemporarysociety = in present-day society= in this day and age5. 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = avast amount of★插入语1.indeed的确2.surely无疑3.however然而4.obviously显然5.frankly坦率地说6.naturally自然7.luckily (或happily)for sb.算某人幸运8.fortunately/luckily幸好9.honestly真的10.briefly简单地说11.strange to say说也奇怪12.needless to say不用说13.most impor tant of all最为重要是13.worse still更糟糕的是14.in a few words(或in sum，in short)简而言之15.in other words换句话说16.in a sense在某种意义上17.in general一般说来18.in my view在我看来19.in conclusion总之20.in summary概括地说21.in fact事实上22.in the first place首先23.in addition此外24.of course当然25.to my knowledge据我所知26.for instance(或example)例如27.as a matter of fact事实上28.strictly speaking严格地说29.generally speaking一般地说30.judging fr om…根据……判断31.to be sure无疑32.to sum up概括地说33.to tell the truth老实说34.i am sure我可以肯定地说35.i believe我相信36.i wonder我不知道37.that is也就是说38.it seems看来是39.as i see it照我看来40.what is important (serious)重要(严重)的是1解决: solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle2损害：damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize3给与：give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford4培养：：develop, cultivate, foster5优势：advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6 缺陷：disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7 使迷惑：puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8 重要的：key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative9 认为：think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced10 保护：protect, conserve, preserve11确保：assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12 有害的：bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13 要求：request, demand, needs, requisition14 消除：eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15 导致：lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16 因此：so, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, asa result, because of this, as a result of this17 增长至：grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to18降低至：dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to19保持稳定：level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out20 急剧地：dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably21平稳地：steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly22 宣称：allege, assert, declare, claim23 发生：happen, occur, take place24 原因：reason, factor, cause25 发展：development, advance, progress26 有益的：useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous27 影响：influence, impact, effect28明显的：clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear29占：comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30与…相比：compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to 31对比而言：by contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely32展示：show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe 33 大约：approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly34波动：fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation35事实上：practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that 36换言之：namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle.1.individuals,characters, folks替换people ,persons2: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good 3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换eg. An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation , as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。

1. abnormal adj. 不正常的；反常的，变态的这个词其实就是ab+normal组合而来的，其中normal就是指正常的，ab是一个词缀，表示“相反，变坏，离去”。

我们可以想想看，英语中带ab词缀的还有哪些呢？比如abuse 滥用，就是ab+use组成，还有abstain 弃权，节制，也是ab+stain构成。

He looks so abnormal that he didn't reply to Mary's shouting.他看起来不太对，连玛丽对他大吼都没反应。

2. abolish v. 废除；消灭说到取消、废除神马的，可能有童鞋想到cancel这个词了，那我们来做个小比较吧~ abolish 这个词比较正式，多用来指废除某个法律规定、制度或习俗等。

cancel 它的用途更广泛些，可以指航班、比赛、活动、合同、计划等。

Plural marriage was abolished after the foundation of PRC.新中国成立后废除了一夫多妻制。

3. abrupt adj. 突然的，唐突的abrupt表示突然的同sudden、unexpected。

除此之外，它还可以指（地形）起伏的。

The president was very dissatisfied with his abrupt interrupt.对于他的突然打断，总裁很不满。

4. absurd adj. 荒唐的这个词的近义词就是ridiculous啦，现在二者的差别基本不太大了。

Don't you think this proposal is very absurd?!难道你不觉得这个提议很荒谬吗？！5. accessory adj. 辅助的，附属的n. 配件，附件accessory表示设备、工具的附件时多用复数。

This machine is equipped with some accessories.这台机器配备了一些附件。

掌握四六级考试中的常见易混词汇在四六级考试中，常常会遇到一些容易混淆的词汇，这些词汇在写作和阅读中经常出现。

如果不能准确地区分它们的用法，可能会给考生带来困扰。

因此，掌握常见的易混词汇对于备战四六级考试非常重要。

本文将介绍一些常见的易混词汇，并提供一些识记方法，帮助考生更好地理解、记忆和运用这些词汇。

一、动词形容词1. Affect和Effect这两个词经常让考生感到困惑，因为它们很相似，几乎发音相同。

但是它们的用法是不同的。

"Affect"是一个动词，意为“影响”，而"Effect"是一个名词，意为“影响”，或者作为动词时，意为“实现”或“产生”。

例如：- The noise from the construction site affected my sleep.（施工现场的噪音影响了我的睡眠。

）- The new policy had a significant effect on the economy.（新政策对经济产生了重大影响。

）2. Choose和Chose"Choose"是一个现在时态的动词，意为“选择”，而"Chose"是它的过去式。

考生在使用这两个词时要注意它们的时态。

3. Bring和Take"Bring"和"Take"都指移动某物到另一个地点，但是使用场景有所不同。

当说话人或者写作者身处要移动的物体的目的地时，使用"Bring"。

而当说话人或者写作者不在目的地时，使用"Take"。

例如：- Please bring the books to my office.（请把书带到我的办公室。

） - I'll take the books to the library.（我会把书带到图书馆。

）二、名词形容词1. Advice和Advise这两个词在发音上非常相似，但是它们的词性和用法完全不同。

Aadopt adaptadeptadj.（与at, in连用）熟练的；精通的n. 内行；老手adoptvt.收养；采取；采用，正式通过；采纳adaptvt.使适应；使适合adoptiveadoptedadj.被收养的，被采纳的adoptiveadj.收养（孩子）的adverseaverseadj.（常与to连用）反对的，不愿意的adverseadj.不利的；相反的4 affection affectationaffectionn.友爱, 爱情, 影响, 疾病, 倾向affectation n.假装, 虚饰, 做作5. Altitude latitude longitudemultitude attitude aptitudealtituden.（海拔）高度，高处latituden.纬度, 范围, (用复数)地区, 行动或言论的自由(范围)longituden.经度, 经线multituden.多数, 群众attituden.姿势、态度，看法；意见aptituden.能力；才能；天资angelanglen.角；角度；角落；墙角；棱角；观点；看法；看问题的角度vt.转动一个角度to angle a camera带成见地描述（某事）用钩和钓钓鱼He is keen on angling.（与for连用）运用手段获得，攫取angeln.天使；守护神；仁慈、漂亮的女人denounce renounce pronounceannouncevt.通告；发表；宣布，宣告denouncevt.揭发；告发；斥责renouncevt.正式放弃pronouncevt.&vi.发音；发出…音；宣称；宣告；断言〈法〉宣判（常与on, for, against, infavor of连用）8. annual annulannualadj.每年的；一年一次的annul[ә'nʌl]vt.取消，废除（婚姻、契约等）oppositeapposite ['æpәuzit]adj. 贴切的, 合适的opposite ['ɒpәzit]adj.相对的, 对面的, 对立的, 相反的,对等的, 对应的n.相反的事物10 appraise apprise praiseappraise[ә'preiz]vt.评估，评价，鉴定apprise [ә'prais]vt.通知；告知praisevt.赞美；赞扬；歌颂；赞颂comprehensiveapprehensiveadj.忧虑的；担心的comprehensiveadj.全面的；广泛的；包含内容多的；详尽的12 argument augmentargumentn.争论, 辩论, 论据, 论点, ～(for,against), 意见augment [ɒ:g'ment]vt., vi.增大；增加13. ascribe describe prescribe subscribe inscribe proscribeascribevt.归因于, 归咎于describevt.描写, 记述, 形容, 形容v.描述prescribevt., vi.`开药方；处方；命令；规定subscribevt., vi.（常与to, for连用）捐款；捐助，订购，同意，赞同inscribevt.（常与in, on, with连用）题写；铭刻（常与to连用）题名proscribevt.禁止；剥夺权利14. assent ascentassentvi.（常与to连用）同意ascentn.上升, (地位, 声望等的)提高, 攀登, 上坡路15 dissent descent decentdissent['di:sәnt]vi.（常与from连用）持异议；不同意；意见不一致descent['di:sәnt]n.下降；下滑；降下；下来；血统；遗传decent ['di:sәnt]adj. 有分寸的, 得体的16.assume resume consume presumeassumevt.假定；假设；采用；承担resumen.摘要, 概略, <美> 履历vt.再继续, 重新开始, 重新占用, 再用,恢复consumevt., vi.吃，喝；消耗；消费；花费；毁灭；烧毁presume[pri'zu:m]vt., vi.假定；假设；认为（常与that连用）；当作；放肆；擅作主张（常与to + inf连用）A servant ought not topresume.指望；寄希望于…（与on,upon连用）17 avocation vocationvacationavocationn.(个人)副业, 业余爱好vocationn.职业；行业；天职；使命vacationn.假期18 authentic authoritativeauthentic真实的：与事实相符并且值得相信、信赖的：真正的：有着经证实的来源或创作者的；非伪造的或非复制的：authoritative [ɒ:'θɒritәtiv]adj. 官方的；权威性的；专断的；命令的：19 adjoin adjacent adjournadjoinvt.毗连；临近；贴近adjacentadj.(与to连用）相邻的，邻近的adjourn [ә'dʒә:n]vt., vi.延期；休会，会议暂停20 admire admiraladmirev.赞美, 钦佩, 羡慕admiral['ædmәrәl]n.海军上将, 舰队司令, 旗舰21 adore adornadorevt.崇拜，敬爱；敬重；非常喜欢adornvt.装饰；增加…的重要性或吸引力22. appliance applicant applicationappliancen.用具, 器具applicantn.申请者, 请求者applicationn.请求, 申请, 申请表, 应用, 运用23 alley allyalley ['æli]n.小路, 巷, (花园里两边有树篱的)小径ally [ә'lai ,'ælai]v.结盟, 与...(在血统, 性质等上)有关联, 同盟n.同盟国, 支持者24 accession accessaccessionn.就职, 就任, 添加, 增加accessn.通路, 访问, 入门vt.存取, 接近25 arise rise arouse rouse raiseArise 出现、引起、上升、起身Rise 上升、起立Raise 上升、举起、提高Arouse 唤醒、引起Rouse 唤醒、鼓舞、使振奋B1. bull bullybulln.公牛, 粗壮如牛的人；乐观进取的人；胡扯；废话bullyvt.威吓；欺侮；以强凌弱2. bandage bondagebandage n 绷带bondage n 奴役，束缚3. bread beadbread n 面包beadn. 珠子, 滴vt. 用珠装饰4.bump dump jump hump lump plump pumpbumpn.撞击, 肿块v.碰(伤), 撞(破), 颠簸dumpvt.倾倒(垃圾), 倾卸n.堆存处jumpn.跳跃, 上涨, 惊跳vt.跳跃, 跃过, 突升, 使跳跃vi.跳跃, 暴涨humpn.驼峰, 驼背, 小园丘, 峰丘v.(使)隆起, 弓起lumpn.块（尤指小块）, 肿块, 笨人vt.使成块状, 混在一起.plumpadj.圆胖的, 丰满的, 鼓起的vt.突然放下, 使丰满, 使鼓起vi.变丰满, 鼓起pumpn.泵, 抽水机vt.(用泵)抽(水), 抽吸5. beach breach bleachbeachn.海滨；湖滨；河滩breachn. 违背；不履行；破坏（常与of连用）bleachvt., vi.使变白Did you bleach this tableclothbribebride n 新娘bribe n vt 贿赂broomboom 繁荣兴旺broom n 扫帚bufferbuffetn.餐具柜, 小卖部, 殴打, 打击vt ①连续地打击②搏斗buffervt 缓冲、缓和C1. censor censurecensorn.检查员vt.检查, 审查censurev.责难n.责难2. cession sessioncessionn.割让, 转让, [律]让与(他人)债权sessionn.（官方机构的）会议，会期，开会期；学期；大学的学期3. clash crush crashclashn.冲突, 撞击声, 抵触，战斗vi., vt.冲突；不协调crushvt., vi.压碎；挤压；破坏；镇压crashn.碰撞, 坠落, 坠毁, 撞击声, 爆裂声v.碰撞, 坠落, 坠毁, (指商业公司, 政府等)破产, 垮台4. classic classicalclassicn.杰作, 名著adj.第一流的classicaladj.古典的, 正统派的, 古典文学的5. clench clinchclenchvt., vi.紧合；咬紧（牙关）；捏紧（拳头）；紧握；抓牢clinchvt., vi.钉牢；钉住；确定；达成买卖或合同hoarse roarcoarseadj.粗糙的；未精炼的；粗鲁的；不礼貌的hoarseadj.嘶哑的roarn.吼声；咆哮声7. canvass canvascanvasn.粗帆布canvassn.细查, 讨论, 劝诱vt.彻底检查, 细究, 向...拉票或拉生意, 讨论vi.游说, 拉选票8. cannon canoncannonn.加农炮；大炮canonn.教规，宗教法规9. credible credulouscredibleadj.可信的；可靠的credulousadj.轻信别人的10 continual continuouscontinualadj.连续的；反复的（只做定语）continuousadj.不断的，持续的（可做表语和定语）colludecollidevi.碰撞；（车、船等）猛撞；冲突；反对；强烈抵触(with)colludevi.共谋；勾结；串通(with)8. comment commendrecommendcommentn.注释, 评论, 意见vi.注释, 评论(on )commendvt.称赞, 表扬, 推荐, 委托, 吸引recommendvt. 建议，推荐9. compel expel propel repelcompelvt.强迫, 迫使expel vt.驱逐；排出；把…除名propelvt.推进，推动；驱策repelvt.击退；逐退；使厌恶；使反感10 contemporary temporarycontemporaryn.同时代的人adj.当代的, 同时代的temporaryadj.暂时的, 临时的, 临时性11. contemptuous contemptible contemptuousadj.（常与of连用）表示轻蔑的；傲慢的contemptibleadj.卑劣的12 confer infer refer prefer deferconfervt.授予(称号、学位等)on, 赠与, 协议v.协商, 交换意见(on)infervt.推断；推知；推论refervt., vi.（常与to 连用）涉及；提到；针对；有关；提交；交付prefervt.（常与to连用）更喜欢；宁愿defervt.推迟；延期vt.（与to连用）服从；顺从13. consequent subsequentconsequentadj.作为结果的subsequentadj.随后的，后来的；继起的15. confidant confidante confident confidentialconfidantn.知己、心腹confidanten.知己的女友confidentadj.确信的；有信心的；自信的confidentialadj.机密的；秘密的；视为心腹的16. convert divert invert revert reverseconvertvt.（常与into连用）转变；变换、兑换、改变信仰、党派或意见等divertvt.转向；转移invertvt.置于相反位置；上下倒置revertvi.（与to连用）恢复原状；回复；回到（原来话题）、（财产等）归复，归还reversevt.倒退；翻转、改变；使成相反的东西17 counsel consul councilcounseln.讨论, 商议, 辩护律师vt.劝告, 忠告consuln.领事counciln.理事会, 委员会, 会议18 conscious conscientiousconsciousadj.有意识的；神志清醒的、了解的；察觉的；刻意的conscientiousadj.凭良心的；谨慎的；尽责的19 cosmic comiccosmicadj.宇宙的comicn.滑稽演员adj.滑稽的, 喜剧的20 commerce commencecommercen.商业commencev.开始, 着手21 complexion complexcomplexionn.面色, 肤色, 情况, 局面complexadj.复杂的, 合成的, 综合的22. compulsive compulsorycompulsiveadj.强制的, 强迫的, 由强迫产生的, 禁不住的compulsoryadj.必需做的, 必修的, 被强迫的, 被强制的, 义务D1. decease diseasedecease.死亡diseasen.疾病, 弊病2. definite definitivedefiniteadj.明确的, 一定的definitiveadj.最后的, 确定的, 权威性的3. desert dessertdesertn.沙漠, 应得的赏罚, 功过adj.沙漠的, 不毛的, 荒凉的vt.放弃, 遗弃, 逃跑vi.逃掉, 逃亡, 开小差dessertn.餐后甜点4. desirable desirousdesirableadj.值得做的；值得想望的；值得弄到手的desirousadj.（与of连用）渴望的，想…的5. diary dairydiaryn.日记dairyn.牛奶场, 奶品场, 售牛奶,奶油6.diploma diplomat diplomacy diplomaticdiploman.文凭, 毕业证书, 证明权力、特权、荣誉等的证书,奖状diplomatn.外交官, 有外交手腕的人,有权谋的人diplomacyn外交diplomaticadj.外交的, 老练的reclaim exclaim proclaim acclaimclaimdisclaimv.放弃, 弃权, 拒绝reclaimvt.要求归还, 收回, 开垦exclaimv.呼喊, 惊叫, 大声叫proclaimvt.宣布, 声明, 显示, 显露acclaimvt.欢呼欢呼着拥戴；欢呼着同意claimn.(根据权利提出)要求, 要求权, 主张,要求而得到的东西vt.(根据权利)要求, 认领, 声称, 主张,需要8. discreet discretediscreetadj.小心的, 慎重的, 有思虑的, 贤明的discreteadj.离散的；分立的；不连续的9. distinct distinctivedistinctadj.清楚的, 明显的, 截然不同的, 独特的distinctiveadj.与众不同的, 有特色的10. donate denotedonatev.捐赠, 赠予denotevt.指示, 表示11. dwindle bewilderdwindlev.缩小bewildervt.使迷惑, 使不知所措, 使昏乱12 dual dueldualadj.双的, 二重的, 双重dueln.决斗13 disinterested uninteresteddisinterestedadj.公正无私的；无偏见的；客观的uninterestedadj.不感兴趣的14 dissemble disassembledissemblevt., vi.隐藏，掩饰（思想、感情等）disassemblevt.解开, 分解E1. eradicate eraseeradicatevt根除；扑灭erasevt擦掉，删除、使忘却2. elicit illicit explicit elite implicitelicitvt诱出，引出（事实等）illicitadj.违法的explicitadj.清楚的, 明确的eliten.精英implicitadj.暗示的, 含蓄的,绝对的，完全的illegibleeligibleadj.符合条件的, 合格的illegibleadj.难辨认的, 字迹模糊的emergencyemergencen.出现；显露，暴露emergencyn.紧急情况, 突然事件, 非常时刻, 紧急事件imminent element eliminateeminentadj.显赫的, 杰出的, 有名的, 优良的imminentadj.即将来临的, 逼近的elementn.要素, 元素, 成分, 元件, 自然环境eliminatevt.排除, 消除v.除去6. erotic exoticeroticadj.色情的n.好色之徒exoticadj.外来的，外国来的；异乎寻常的exultexaltvt.赞扬；提升；晋升exultvi.狂喜；欢跃8. exhaustive exhausted xhaustingexhaustiveadj. 彻底的, 详尽的exhaustedadj.(令人）耗尽的, 疲惫的exhaustingadj.使用尽的, 令人疲乏不堪的Ffacilitatefacilityn.灵巧，熟练；(pl) 设施，设备facilitatevt.使容易；使便利2. fiance fiancee finance fiancen.未婚夫fianceen.未婚妻financen.财政, 金融, 财政学vt.供给...经费, 负担经费vi.筹措资金Ggenus genuinegenius n.天才, 天赋, 天才人物genusn.种类；属genuineadj.真实的, 真正的, 诚恳的，非伪造的2. graceful graciousgracefuladj.优美的，优雅的；得体的graciousadj.亲切的；和蔼的；慈祥的；优裕的；舒适的Hhamperhammern.铁锤, 槌, 锤子v.锤击, 锤打hampervt妨碍，阻碍heroineheroinn.海洛因, 吗啡heroinen.女英雄, 女主人公hypocriticalhypercriticaladj.过分苛求的，吹毛求疵的hypocriticaladj.伪善的，虚伪的I1. illusion allusionillusionn.幻觉；幻影；错觉allusionn.提及, 暗示2. imitate intimate intimidate initiateimitatevt.效法；模仿；模拟；假装；学intimateadj.亲近的；亲密的；熟悉的；个人的；私人的intimidatevt.胁迫；威迫initiatevt.开始, 发动, 传授v.开始, 发起3. imperial imperious empiricalimperialadj.帝王的；帝国的imperiousadj.傲慢的；专横的；紧急的empiricaladj.完全根据经验的, 经验主义的4. indigenous indignantindigenousadj.土产的；本地的indignantadj.愤怒的, 愤慨的5. incomparable uncomparableincomparableadj.无与伦比的, 卓越的uncomparableadj. (两者由于无共同特性）无法比较的6. ingenuous ingeniousingenuousadj.坦白的, 自然的, 直率的ingeniousadj.机灵的, 有独创性的, 精制的, 具有创造才能7. inhabit inhibitinhabitvt.居住inhibitvt.（常与from连用）阻止；抑制8. interference inferenceinterferencen.干涉；阻挠inferencen.推论，推断；推断的结果，结论9. imaginative imaginary imaginable imaginativeadj.富于想象的；有想象力的imaginaryadj.想象的；虚构的imaginableadj.可想象的, 可能的immense immerseimmenseadj.极大的immersevt.（常与in连用）浸入；沉溺于Jjudicious judicialjudiciousadj.明智的；有判断力的；有见识的judicialadj.司法的, 法院的, 公正的, 明断的L1. literal literate literature literaryliteraladj.精确的；逐字翻译的；照字面的；原意的literaten.学者adj.有文化的，有阅读和写作能力的literaturen.文学(作品), 文艺, 著作, 文献literaryadj.文学的；著作的；研究文学的；文言的2. little litter littlen.少许, 一会儿, 短时间adj.很少的, 矮小的, 短暂的, 琐碎的adv.很少, 稍微, 完全不littern.垃圾vt.乱丢, 铺草, 弄乱vi.产仔, 乱丢垃圾3. loot rootlootv.掠夺, 抢劫, 劫掠n.掠夺物, 战利品, 抢劫rootn.根, 根部, 根本, 根源v.(使)生根, (使)扎根, 使立定不动, 坚定不移, 确立4. luxuriant luxuriousluxuriantadj.繁茂的；丰富的；多产的luxuriousadj.舒适的；豪华的；贪图享受的M1. massage messagemassagevt.按摩；推拿messagen.消息；音信；要点2. material materielmaterialn.材料, 原料, 物资, 素材, 布料adj.物质的, 肉体的, 具体的, 重要的,实质性的materieln.军用品，装备，设施3 mediate meditatemediatevi.（常与between连用）调停；斡旋meditatevi.（常与on /upon连用）考虑；深思；反省；策划4. moral moralemoraladj.道德(上)的, 精神的n.道德moralen.士气, 民心N1. negligible negligentnegligibleadj.可以忽略的, 不予重视的negligentadj.疏忽的, 粗心大意的2. notable noticeablenotableadj.显著的, 著名的noticeableadj.显而易见的O1. official officiousofficialn.官员, 公务员adj.职务上的, 公务的, 官方的, 正式的officiousadj.爱发命令的；专横的；好出主意的2. optional optical optimal optionaladj.可选择的, 随意的optical adj.眼的, 视力的, 光学的optimaladj.最佳的, 最理想的3. ordinance ordnanceordinancen.法令；条例ordnancen.大炮；炮兵；军械；军需品P1. perpetrate perpetuateperpetratevt.作（恶）；犯（罪）；为（非）perpetuatevt.使永存, 使不朽2. persecute prosecutepersecutevt.迫害prosecutevt.告发；检举3. perspective prospectiveperspectiven.远景, 前途, 观点prospectiveadj.未来的；盼望中的；预期的4. physicist physicianphysicistn.物理学者, 唯物论者physiciann.医生；内科医生5.popular populace populouspopularadj.通俗的, 流行的, 受欢迎的populacen.平民；大众；老百姓populousadj.人口多的, 人口稠密的6. portable potableportableadj.轻便的, 手提(式)的, 便携式的potableadj.适于饮用的n.饮料7. practicable practicalpracticableadj.能实行的, 行得通的, 可以实行的practicaladj.实际的, 实践的, 实用的, 应用的,有实际经验的8. principal principleprincipaln.负责人, 首长, 校长, 主犯, 本金adj.主要的, 首要的principlen.法则, 原则, 原理9. profile profitprofilen.剖面, 侧面, 外形, 轮廓profitn.利润, 益处, 得益vi.得益, 利用vt.有益于, 有利于10 peel peep peek peerpeel n 果皮vt vi 削皮，剥落peep n vi 偷看、窥视(at) peek n vi 偷看、窥视(at) peer vi 凝视（at）10 promise premisepromisevt.允诺, 答应n.允诺, 答应, 许诺premisen.前提vt.提论, 预述, 假定vi.作出前提11 proper prosperproperadj.正当的；适当的prospervi., vt.发达繁荣；昌盛His company is prospering.12 prescribe proscribe prescribevt., vi.开药方；处方；命令；规定proscribevt.禁止；放逐13 personality personaltypersonalityn.人格，个性personaltyn.个人财产14 parish perishparishn.教区；地方自治区；工作区域perishvi., vt.死；暴卒；毁灭；损坏；枯萎R1. responsive responsibleresponsiveadj.（常与to连用）反应的；易反应的responsibleadj.（常与to, for连用）有责任的；应负责任的2. reward awardrewardn.报酬, 奖金vt.酬劳, 奖赏awardvt.颁奖，授奖S1. sanction sanitationsanctionn.批准；允许；制裁；处罚sanitationn.公共卫生；保持公共卫生；公共卫生设施2. secret secretivesecretn.秘密, 秘诀, 奥秘adj.（事物）秘密的, 隐秘的, 幽静的、secretiveadj.(人）守口如瓶的3. sob sober sombersobv.哭诉, (风等)发呜咽声, 哭泣n.呜咽, 哭泣soberadj.未醉的；清醒的；审慎的；严肃的；庄重的；不加装饰的；朴素无华的somberadj.忧郁的，郁闷的；阴暗的；幽暗的4. solemn solesolemnadj.庄严的, 隆重的, 严肃的soleadj.单独的, 唯一的n.脚底, 鞋底, 基础v.换鞋底5. status statute stature statuestatusn.身份, 地位, 情形, 状况statuten.法令, 条例staturen.身高, 身材statuevt.以雕像装饰n.雕像6. stationary stationerystationaryadj.固定的；不动的stationeryn.文具, 信纸7. stimulate simulate simultaneous spontaneous instantaneousstimulatevt.激励，鼓励；使兴奋simulatevt.模拟, 模仿；假装, 冒充simultaneousadj.同时的, 同时发生的spontaneousadj.（行为）自发的，无意识的；（现象）自然产生的 instantaneousadj.瞬间的, 即刻的, 即时的subsidy subsidize subsistsubsidevi.（土地）下陷，凹陷；（恶劣的气候或其他激烈的情况）平息，消退，平静下沉；落下；坐下subsidyn.补贴；补助金subsidizevt.资助；津贴subsistvi.生存；维持生活9. summit submitsummitn.顶点, 最高阶层adj.政府首脑的vi.参加最高级会议的submitv.(使)服从, (使)顺从vt.提交, 递交10 synonymous anonymous unanimoussynonymousadj.（后面与with连用）同义的anonymousadj.匿名的unanimousadj.全体一致的，无异议的；一致通过的11 surpass trespass compasssurpassvt.超越, 胜过trespassvi.（常与on, upon连用）非法侵入；（与on连用）侵扰，打扰Compassn.指南针、圆规；两脚规bypassv.绕过n.旁路overpassv.超越、忽略n.立交桥T1. terminate exterminateterminatevt., vi.终止；终结；结束exterminatevt消灭；杀绝2. terrorist territoryterroristn.恐怖分子territoryn.领土；版图；领地3. temper temperate temperaturetemperature temperament temperance temperamentaltempern.脾气；性情；心情；闹情绪；发脾气He's in a temper today.temperateadj.有节制的, 适度的, 戒酒的；(气候)温和的temperaturen.温度temperamentn.气质；性情；性格temperancen.节欲, 戒酒, 禁酒, (气候等的)温和temperamentaladj.出自本性的；本质的；喜怒无常的；易冲动发火的。

六年级形副相同的词和以ly结尾的形容词一、常见的形副同行的副词有二类：1. 意义差别很大的，比如：（1）hard 努力地、费力地、大量地；hardly 几乎不（2）near 近地；nearly 几乎，差不多（3）just 刚刚、仅仅；justly 公正地（4）late 迟地、晚地；lately 最近（5）free 免费；freely 自由地（6）pretty 相当、十分；prettily 漂亮地（7）sharp准时；sharply突然、急剧地、严厉地（8）fair公平地；fairly相当地（9）most最、非常；mostly 多数（10）even甚至；evenly平均地（11）dead完全、非常；deadly死一般地（12)right 正好、恰好、完全、直接地；rightly 正确地、恰当地2. 意义差别不大的，可从二个方面来区别使用：一般来说，与形容词同形的副词表具体意义；而-ly副词表抽象意义。

如：（1）wide 宽地；widely 广泛地（2）high 高地；highly 高度地；（3）deep深地；deeply深深地、很、非常（4）short简短地；shortly 不久、立刻（5）direct径直地；directly直接、坦率地（6）close近地；closely密切地、仔细地二、以ly结尾的形容词（1）lovely 可爱的；（2）lonely 孤独的；（3）costly 昂贵的，代价高的；（4）friendly 友好的；（5）daily 每日的；（6）weekly 每周的；（7）monthly 每月的；（8）quarterly 每季度的；（9）yearly 每年的/年度的；（10）deadly 致命的；（11）silly 愚蠢的，冒傻气的；（12）orderly 有秩序的，整齐的；（13）manly 有男子汉气概的；（14）lively 活跃热情的/热烈的/活泼的；（15）fatherly 慈父般的；（16）ugly 丑陋的/丑恶的；（17）likely（可能的）（18）brotherly（兄弟般的）（19）timely（及时的）（20）motherly（慈母般的）（21）early （早的/早期的）值得注意的是，以上单词中，orderly, lovely, lively, friendly, ugly, timely, fatherly, brotherly, lonely, costly, silly, manly, motherly只能用做形容词，而其他词既能用做形容词，也能用做副词。

2019年6月大学英语六级基础语法：形容词、副词及其比较级英语六级基础语法：形容词、副词及其比较级1.形容词的句法功能形容词在句中做定语、表语和主语。

考生应注意：(1)以a 开头的形容词如alone, alike, asleep, awake等不能做前臵定语，可做表语或后臵定语。

(2)某些以副词词缀-ly 结尾的词是形容词，如friendly, leisurely, lovely等。

(3)下列动词既是实义动词又是系动词，注意用做系动词时，要求形容词做表语：remain, keep, become, get, grow, go, come, turn, stay, stand, run, prove, seem, appear, look。

2.考比较级时，考生应把握(1)形容词和副词比较级的形式是否和比较连词对应出现，即是否符合原级比较及比较级的结构。

如：On the whole, ambitious students are more likely to succeed in their studies than are those with little ambition.(2)比较的成分是否属于同类事物或同类概念。

如：Young readers, more often than not, find the novels of Dickens far more exciting than Thackerays.(3)比较级的修饰语如a little, a lot, the, any, even, far, hardly, lots, much, rather，还有表示倍数比较的词等，他们的位臵是：修饰语+asas, 或修饰语+morethan。

如：Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills seven times more people each year than automobile accidents.(4)下列词和短语不用比较级形式却表示比较概念：inferior，minor，senior，prior，prefer to，superior，major，junior，preferable，differ from，compared with，in comparison with，different from，rather than。

A1.adept adopt adaptadeptadj.（与at, in连用）熟练的；精通的n. 内行；老手adoptvt.收养；采取；采用，正式通过；采纳adaptvt.使适应；使适合2.adopted adoptiveadoptedadj.被收养的，被采纳的adoptiveadj.收养（孩子）的3.averse adverseaverseadj.（常与to连用）反对的，不愿意的adverseadj.不利的；相反的4 affection affectationaffectionn.友爱, 爱情, 影响, 疾病, 倾向affectationn.假装, 虚饰, 做作5. Altitude latitude longitudemultitude attitude aptitudealtituden.（海拔）高度，高处latituden.纬度, 范围, (用复数)地区, 行动或言论的自由(范围)longituden.经度, 经线multituden.多数, 群众attituden.姿势、态度，看法；意见aptituden.能力；才能；天资6.angle angelanglen.角；角度；角落；墙角；棱角；观点；看法；看问题的角度vt.转动一个角度to angle a camera带成见地描述（某事）用钩和钓钓鱼He is keen on angling.（与for连用）运用手段获得，攫取angeln.天使；守护神；仁慈、漂亮的女人7.announce denounce renounce pronounceannouncevt.通告；发表；宣布，宣告denouncevt.揭发；告发；斥责renouncevt.正式放弃pronouncevt.&vi.发音；发出…音；宣称；宣告；断言〈法〉宣判（常与on, for, against,in favor of连用）8. annual annulannualadj.每年的；一年一次的annul[ә'nʌl]vt.取消，废除（婚姻、契约等）9.apposite oppositeapposite ['æpәuzit]adj. 贴切的, 合适的opposite ['ɒpәzit]adj.相对的, 对面的, 对立的, 相反的,对等的, 对应的n.相反的事物10 appraise apprise praiseappraise[ә'preiz]vt.评估，评价，鉴定apprise[ә'prais]vt.通知；告知praisevt.赞美；赞扬；歌颂；赞颂11.apprehensive comprehensive apprehensiveadj.忧虑的；担心的comprehensiveadj.全面的；广泛的；包含内容多的；详尽的12 argument augmentargumentn.争论, 辩论, 论据, 论点, ～(for,against), 意见augment [ɒ:g'ment]vt., vi.增大；增加13.ascribe describe prescribe subscribe inscribe proscribeascribevt.归因于, 归咎于describevt.描写, 记述, 形容, 形容v.描述prescribevt., vi.`开药方；处方；命令；规定subscribevt., vi.（常与to, for连用）捐款；捐助，订购，同意，赞同inscribevt.（常与in, on, with连用）题写；铭刻（常与to连用）题名proscribevt.禁止；剥夺权利14. assent ascentassentvi.（常与to连用）同意ascentn.上升, (地位, 声望等的)提高, 攀登, 上坡路15 dissent descent decentdissent['di:sәnt]vi.（常与from连用）持异议；不同意；意见不一致descent['di:sәnt]n.下降；下滑；降下；下来；血统；遗传decent ['di:sәnt]adj.有分寸的, 得体的16.assume resume consume presumeassumevt.假定；假设；采用；承担resumen.摘要, 概略, <美> 履历vt.再继续, 重新开始, 重新占用, 再用, 恢复consumevt., vi.吃，喝；消耗；消费；花费；毁灭；烧毁presume[pri'zu:m]vt., vi.假定；假设；认为（常与that连用）；当作；放肆；擅作主张（常与to + inf连用）A servant ought not to presume.指望；寄希望于…（与on, upon连用）17 avocation vocation vacationavocationn.(个人)副业, 业余爱好vocationn.职业；行业；天职；使命vacationn.假期18 authentic authoritativeauthentic真实的：与事实相符并且值得相信、信赖的：真正的：有着经证实的来源或创作者的；非伪造的或非复制的：authoritative [ɒ:'θɒritәtiv]adj. 官方的；权威性的；专断的；命令的：19 adjoin adjacent adjournadjoinvt.毗连；临近；贴近adjacentadj.(与to连用）相邻的，邻近的adjourn [ә'dʒә:n]vt., vi.延期；休会，会议暂停20 admire admiraladmirev.赞美, 钦佩, 羡慕admiral['ædmәrәl]n.海军上将, 舰队司令, 旗舰21 adore adornadorevt.崇拜，敬爱；敬重；非常喜欢adornvt.装饰；增加…的重要性或吸引力22. appliance applicant applicationappliancen.用具, 器具applicantn.申请者, 请求者applicationn.请求, 申请, 申请表, 应用, 运用23 alley allyalley ['æli]n.小路, 巷, (花园里两边有树篱的)小径ally [ә'lai ,'ælai]v.结盟, 与...(在血统, 性质等上)有关联,同盟n.同盟国, 支持者24 accession accessaccessionn.就职, 就任, 添加, 增加accessn.通路, 访问, 入门vt.存取, 接近25 arise rise arouserouse raiseArise 出现、引起、上升、起身Rise 上升、起立Raise 上升、举起、提高Arouse 唤醒、引起Rouse 唤醒、鼓舞、使振奋B1. bull bullybulln.公牛, 粗壮如牛的人；乐观进取的人；胡扯；废话bullyvt.威吓；欺侮；以强凌弱2. bandage bondagebandage n 绷带bondage n 奴役，束缚3. bread beadbread n 面包beadn. 珠子, 滴vt. 用珠装饰4. bump dump jump hump lump plump pumpbumpn.撞击, 肿块v.碰(伤), 撞(破), 颠簸dumpvt.倾倒(垃圾), 倾卸n.堆存处jumpn.跳跃, 上涨, 惊跳vt.跳跃, 跃过, 突升, 使跳跃vi.跳跃, 暴涨humpn.驼峰, 驼背, 小园丘, 峰丘v.(使)隆起, 弓起lumpn.块（尤指小块）, 肿块, 笨人vt.使成块状, 混在一起.plumpadj.圆胖的, 丰满的, 鼓起的vt.突然放下, 使丰满, 使鼓起vi.变丰满, 鼓起pumpn.泵, 抽水机vt.(用泵)抽(水), 抽吸5. beach breach bleachbeachn.海滨；湖滨；河滩breachn. 违背；不履行；破坏（常与of连用）bleachvt., vi.使变白Did you bleach this tablecloth?6.bride bribebride n 新娘bribe n vt 贿赂7.boom broomboom n.v 繁荣兴旺broom n 扫帚8.buffet bufferbuffetn.餐具柜, 小卖部, 殴打,打击vt ①连续地打击②搏斗buffervt 缓冲、缓和C1. censor censurecensorn.检查员vt.检查, 审查censurev.责难n.责难2. cession sessioncessionn.割让, 转让, [律]让与(他人)债权sessionn.（官方机构的）会议，会期，开会期；学期；大学的学期3. clash crush crashclashn.冲突, 撞击声, 抵触，战斗vi., vt.冲突；不协调crushvt., vi.压碎；挤压；破坏；镇压crashn.碰撞, 坠落, 坠毁, 撞击声, 爆裂声v.碰撞, 坠落, 坠毁, (指商业公司, 政府等)破产, 垮台4. classic classicalclassicn.杰作, 名著adj.第一流的classicaladj.古典的, 正统派的, 古典文学的5. clench clinchclenchvt., vi.紧合；咬紧（牙关）；捏紧（拳头）；紧握；抓牢clinchvt., vi.钉牢；钉住；确定；达成买卖或合同6.coarse hoarse roarcoarseadj.粗糙的；未精炼的；粗鲁的；不礼貌的hoarseadj.嘶哑的roarn.吼声；咆哮声7. canvass canvascanvasn.粗帆布canvassn.细查, 讨论, 劝诱vt.彻底检查, 细究, 向...拉票或拉生意,讨论vi.游说, 拉选票8. cannon canoncannonn.加农炮；大炮canonn.教规，宗教法规9. credible credulouscredibleadj.可信的；可靠的credulousadj.轻信别人的10 continual continuouscontinualadj.连续的；反复的（只做定语）continuousadj.不断的，持续的（可做表语和定语）7.collide colludecollidevi.碰撞；（车、船等）猛撞；冲突；反对；强烈抵触(with)colludevi.共谋；勾结；串通(with)8. comment commendrecommendcommentn.注释, 评论, 意见vi.注释, 评论(on )commendvt.称赞, 表扬, 推荐, 委托, 吸引recommendvt. 建议，推荐9. compel expel propel repelcompelvt.强迫, 迫使expel vt.驱逐；排出；把…除名propelvt.推进，推动；驱策repelvt.击退；逐退；使厌恶；使反感10 contemporary temporarycontemporaryn.同时代的人adj.当代的, 同时代的temporaryadj.暂时的, 临时的, 临时性11. contemptuous contemptiblecontemptuousadj.（常与of连用）表示轻蔑的；傲慢的contemptibleadj.卑劣的12 confer infer refer prefer deferconfervt.授予(称号、学位等)on, 赠与, 协议v.协商, 交换意见(on)infervt.推断；推知；推论refer vt., vi.（常与to 连用）涉及；提到；针对；有关；提交；交付prefervt.（常与to连用）更喜欢；宁愿defervt.推迟；延期vt.（与to连用）服从；顺从13. consequent subsequentconsequentadj.作为结果的subsequentadj.随后的，后来的；继起的15. confidant confidante confidentconfidentialconfidantn.知己、心腹confidanten.知己的女友confidentadj.确信的；有信心的；自信的confidentialadj.机密的；秘密的；视为心腹的16. convert divertinvert revert reverseconvertvt.（常与into连用）转变；变换、兑换、改变信仰、党派或意见等divertvt.转向；转移invertvt.置于相反位置；上下倒置revertvi.（与to连用）恢复原状；回复；回到（原来话题）、（财产等）归复，归还reversevt.倒退；翻转、改变；使成相反的东西17 counsel consul councilcounseln.讨论, 商议, 辩护律师vt.劝告, 忠告consuln.领事counciln.理事会, 委员会, 会议18 conscious conscientiousconsciousadj.有意识的；神志清醒的、了解的；察觉的；刻意的conscientiousadj.凭良心的；谨慎的；尽责的19 cosmic comiccosmicadj.宇宙的comicn.滑稽演员adj.滑稽的, 喜剧的20 commerce commence commercen.商业commencev.开始, 着手21 complexion complex complexionn.面色, 肤色, 情况, 局面complexadj.复杂的, 合成的, 综合的pulsive compulsorycompulsiveadj.强制的, 强迫的, 由强迫产生的, 禁不住的compulsoryadj.必需做的, 必修的, 被强迫的, 被强制的, 义务D1. decease diseasedeceasen.vi.死亡diseasen.疾病, 弊病2. definite definitivedefiniteadj.明确的, 一定的definitiveadj.最后的, 确定的, 权威性的3. desert dessertdesertn.沙漠, 应得的赏罚, 功过adj.沙漠的, 不毛的, 荒凉的vt.放弃, 遗弃, 逃跑vi.逃掉, 逃亡, 开小差dessertn.餐后甜点4. desirable desirousdesirableadj.值得做的；值得想望的；值得弄到手的desirousadj.（与of连用）渴望的，想…的5. diary dairydiaryn.日记dairyn.牛奶场, 奶品场, 售牛奶, 奶油6.diploma diplomat diplomacy diplomaticdiploman.文凭, 毕业证书, 证明权力、特权、荣誉等的证书, 奖状diplomatn.外交官, 有外交手腕的人, 有权谋的人diplomacyn外交diplomaticadj.外交的, 老练的7.disclaim reclaim exclaim proclaim acclaim claimdisclaimv.放弃, 弃权, 拒绝reclaimvt.要求归还, 收回, 开垦exclaimv.呼喊, 惊叫, 大声叫proclaimvt.宣布, 声明, 显示, 显露acclaimvt.欢呼欢呼着拥戴；欢呼着同意claimn.(根据权利提出)要求, 要求权, 主张, 要求而得到的东西vt.(根据权利)要求, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要8. discreet discretediscreetadj.小心的, 慎重的, 有思虑的, 贤明的discreteadj.离散的；分立的；不连续的9.distinct distinctivedistinctadj.清楚的, 明显的, 截然不同的, 独特的distinctiveadj.与众不同的, 有特色的10. dona te denotedonatev.捐赠, 赠予denotevt.指示, 表示11. dwindle bewilderdwindlev.缩小bewildervt.使迷惑, 使不知所措, 使昏乱12 dual dueldualadj.双的, 二重的, 双重dueln.决斗13 disinterested uninteresteddisinterestedadj.公正无私的；无偏见的；客观的uninterestedadj.不感兴趣的14 dissemble disassembledissemblevt., vi.隐藏，掩饰（思想、感情等）disassemblevt.解开, 分解E1.eradicate eraseeradicatevt根除；扑灭erasevt擦掉，删除、使忘却2.elicit illicit explicit elite implicitelicitvt诱出，引出（事实等）illicitadj.违法的explicitadj.清楚的, 明确的eliten.精英implicitadj.暗示的, 含蓄的,绝对的，完全的3.eligible illegibleeligibleadj.符合条件的, 合格的illegibleadj.难辨认的, 字迹模糊的4.emergence emergencyemergencen.出现；显露，暴露emergencyn.紧急情况, 突然事件, 非常时刻, 紧急事件5.eminent imminent element eliminate eminentadj.显赫的, 杰出的, 有名的, 优良的imminentadj.即将来临的, 逼近的elementn.要素, 元素, 成分, 元件, 自然环境eliminatevt.排除, 消除v.除去6. erotic exotic eroticadj.色情的n.好色之徒exoticadj.外来的，外国来的；异乎寻常的7.exalt exultexaltvt.赞扬；提升；晋升exultvi.狂喜；欢跃8. exhaustive exhausted xhaustingexhaustiveadj. 彻底的, 详尽的exhaustedadj.(令人）耗尽的, 疲惫的exhaustingadj.使用尽的, 令人疲乏不堪的F1.facility facilitatefacilityn.灵巧，熟练；(pl) 设施，设备facilitatevt.使容易；使便利2.fiance fiancee financefiancen.未婚夫fianceen.未婚妻financen.财政, 金融, 财政学vt.供给...经费, 负担经费vi.筹措资金G1.genius genus genuinegeniusn.天才, 天赋, 天才人物genusn.种类；属genuineadj.真实的, 真正的, 诚恳的，非伪造的2. graceful graciousgracefuladj.优美的，优雅的；得体的graciousadj.亲切的；和蔼的；慈祥的；优裕的；舒适的H1.hammer hamperhammern.铁锤, 槌, 锤子v.锤击, 锤打hampervt妨碍，阻碍2.heroin heroineheroinn.海洛因, 吗啡heroinen.女英雄, 女主人公3.hypercritical hypocritical hypercriticaladj.过分苛求的，吹毛求疵的hypocriticaladj.伪善的，虚伪的I1. illusion allusionillusionn.幻觉；幻影；错觉allusionn.提及, 暗示2. imitate intimate intimidate initiate imitatevt.效法；模仿；模拟；假装；学intimateadj.亲近的；亲密的；熟悉的；个人的；私人的intimidatevt.胁迫；威迫initiatevt.开始, 发动, 传授v.开始, 发起3. imperial imperious empiricalimperialadj.帝王的；帝国的imperiousadj.傲慢的；专横的；紧急的empiricaladj.完全根据经验的, 经验主义的4. indigenous indignantindigenousadj.土产的；本地的indignantadj.愤怒的, 愤慨的5.incomparable uncomparableincomparableadj.无与伦比的, 卓越的uncomparableadj.(两者由于无共同特性）无法比较的6. ingenuous ingeniousingenuousadj.坦白的, 自然的, 直率的ingeniousadj.机灵的, 有独创性的,精制的, 具有创造才能7. inhabit inhibitinhabitvt.居住inhibitvt.（常与from连用）阻止；抑制8. interference inferenceinterferencen.干涉；阻挠inferencen.推论，推断；推断的结果，结论9.imaginative imaginary imaginableimaginativeadj.富于想象的；有想象力的imaginaryadj.想象的；虚构的imaginableadj.可想象的, 可能的10immense immerseimmenseadj.极大的immersevt.（常与in连用）浸入；沉溺于Jjudicious judicialjudiciousadj.明智的；有判断力的；有见识的judicialadj.司法的, 法院的, 公正的, 明断的L1. literal literate literature literaryliteraladj.精确的；逐字翻译的；照字面的；原意的literaten.学者adj.有文化的，有阅读和写作能力的literaturen.文学(作品), 文艺, 著作, 文献literaryadj.文学的；著作的；研究文学的；文言的2. little litter little n.少许, 一会儿, 短时间adj.很少的, 矮小的, 短暂的, 琐碎的adv.很少, 稍微, 完全不littern.垃圾vt.乱丢, 铺草, 弄乱vi.产仔, 乱丢垃圾3. loot rootlootv.掠夺, 抢劫, 劫掠n.掠夺物, 战利品, 抢劫rootn.根, 根部, 根本, 根源v.(使)生根, (使)扎根, 使立定不动, 坚定不移, 确立4. luxuriant luxuriousluxuriantadj.繁茂的；丰富的；多产的luxuriousadj.舒适的；豪华的；贪图享受的M1. massage messagemassagevt.按摩；推拿messagen.消息；音信；要点2. material materielmaterialn.材料, 原料, 物资, 素材,布料adj.物质的, 肉体的, 具体的, 重要的, 实质性的materieln.军用品，装备，设施3 mediate meditatemediatevi.（常与between连用）调停；斡旋meditatevi.（常与on /upon连用）考虑；深思；反省；策划4. moral moralemoraladj.道德(上)的, 精神的n.道德moralen.士气, 民心N1. negligible negligentnegligibleadj.可以忽略的, 不予重视的negligentadj.疏忽的, 粗心大意的2. notable noticeablenotableadj.显著的, 著名的noticeableadj.显而易见的O1. official officiousofficialn.官员, 公务员adj.职务上的, 公务的, 官方的, 正式的officiousadj.爱发命令的；专横的；好出主意的2. optional optical optimal optionaladj.可选择的, 随意的opticaladj.眼的, 视力的, 光学的optimaladj.最佳的, 最理想的3. ordinance ordnanceordinancen.法令；条例ordnancen.大炮；炮兵；军械；军需品P1. perpetrate perpetuateperpetratevt.作（恶）；犯（罪）；为（非）perpetuatevt.使永存, 使不朽2. persecute prosecutepersecutevt.迫害prosecutevt.告发；检举3. perspective prospectiveperspectiven.远景, 前途, 观点prospectiveadj.未来的；盼望中的；预期的4. physicist physicianphysicistn.物理学者, 唯物论者physiciann.医生；内科医生5.popular populace populouspopularadj.通俗的, 流行的, 受欢迎的populacen.平民；大众；老百姓populousadj.人口多的, 人口稠密的6. portable potableportableadj.轻便的, 手提(式)的, 便携式的potableadj.适于饮用的n.饮料7. practicable practicalpracticableadj.能实行的, 行得通的, 可以实行的practicaladj.实际的, 实践的, 实用的, 应用的,有实际经验的8. principal principleprincipaln.负责人, 首长, 校长, 主犯, 本金adj.主要的, 首要的principlen.法则, 原则, 原理9. profile profitprofilen.剖面, 侧面, 外形, 轮廓profitn.利润, 益处, 得益vi.得益, 利用vt.有益于, 有利于10 peel peep peek peer peel n 果皮vt vi 削皮，剥落peep n vi 偷看、窥视(at) peek n vi 偷看、窥视(at) peer vi 凝视（at）10 promise premise promisevt.允诺, 答应n.允诺, 答应, 许诺premisen.前提vt.提论, 预述, 假定vi.作出前提11 proper prosperproperadj.正当的；适当的prospervi., vt.发达繁荣；昌盛His company is prospering.12 prescribe proscribeprescribevt., vi.开药方；处方；命令；规定proscribevt.禁止；放逐13 personality personaltypersonalityn.人格，个性personaltyn.个人财产14 parish perishparishn.教区；地方自治区；工作区域perishvi., vt.死；暴卒；毁灭；损坏；枯萎R1. responsive responsibleresponsiveadj.（常与to连用）反应的；易反应的responsibleadj.（常与to, for连用）有责任的；应负责任的2. reward awardrewardn.报酬, 奖金vt.酬劳, 奖赏awardvt.颁奖，授奖S1. sanction sanitationsanctionn.批准；允许；制裁；处罚sanitationn.公共卫生；保持公共卫生；公共卫生设施2. secret secretivesecretn.秘密, 秘诀, 奥秘adj.（事物）秘密的, 隐秘的, 幽静的、secretiveadj.(人）守口如瓶的3. sob sober sombersobv.哭诉, (风等)发呜咽声, 哭泣n.呜咽, 哭泣soberadj.未醉的；清醒的；审慎的；严肃的；庄重的；不加装饰的；朴素无华的somberadj.忧郁的，郁闷的；阴暗的；幽暗的4. solemn solesolemnadj.庄严的, 隆重的, 严肃的soleadj.单独的, 唯一的n.脚底, 鞋底, 基础v.换鞋底5. status statute stature statuestatusn.身份, 地位, 情形, 状况statuten.法令, 条例staturen.身高, 身材 statuevt.以雕像装饰n.雕像6. stationary stationerystationaryadj.固定的；不动的stationeryn.文具, 信纸7. stimulate simulate simultaneousspontaneous instantaneousstimulatevt.激励，鼓励；使兴奋simulatevt.模拟, 模仿；假装, 冒充simultaneousadj.同时的, 同时发生的spontaneousadj.（行为）自发的，无意识的；（现象）自然产生的instantaneousadj.瞬间的, 即刻的, 即时的8.subside subsidy subsidize subsistsubsidevi.（土地）下陷，凹陷；（恶劣的气候或其他激烈的情况）平息，消退，平静下沉；落下；坐下subsidyn.补贴；补助金subsidizevt.资助；津贴subsistvi.生存；维持生活9. summit submitsummitn.顶点, 最高阶层adj.政府首脑的vi.参加最高级会议的submitv.(使)服从, (使)顺从vt.提交, 递交10 synonymous anonymous unanimoussynonymousadj.（后面与with连用）同义的anonymousadj.匿名的unanimousadj.全体一致的，无异议的；一致通过的11 surpass trespass compasssurpassvt.超越, 胜过trespassvi.（常与on, upon连用）非法侵入；（与on连用）侵扰，打扰Compassn.指南针、圆规；两脚规bypassv.绕过n.旁路overpassv.超越、忽略n.立交桥T 1. terminate exterminate terminatevt., vi.终止；终结；结束exterminatevt消灭；杀绝2. terrorist territory terroristn.恐怖分子territoryn.领土；版图；领地3. temper temperate temperature temperature temperament tempera nce temperamentaltempern.脾气；性情；心情；闹情绪；发脾气He's in a temper today.temperateadj.有节制的, 适度的, 戒酒的；(气候)温和的temperaturen.温度temperamentn.气质；性情；性格temperancen.节欲, 戒酒, 禁酒, (气候等的)温和temperamentaladj.出自本性的；本质的；喜怒无常的；易冲动发火的。

complete:在表示动词“完成”之义时，侧重于表达完成得比较圆满。

另外，complete还有形容词词性，表示“完成的，完整的”。

finish：在表示“完成之义时，侧重于表示”结束了，做完了”，并没有什么好坏之分。

She completed her degree in two years. 她用两年的时间修完了课程，拿到了学位。

As soon as he'd finished eating, he excused himself. 他一吃完就告辞离开了。

annual:作形容词，意思是“一年一次的”，作名词表示“年刊、年报、一年生植物”等。

annul: 是动词“取消；宣告无效”的意思。

另外，annual是一年一次的，而“几年一次的”的单词拼写一般是具有一定的规律的。

我们先来看下面这些词：biennial triennial quadriennialquinquennial发现这四个词的共同点了吗？其实，这四个词依次就是“两年一次的”、“三年一次的”、“四年一次的”、”五年一次的“。

他们的共同点就是“前缀+ ennial”。

而对比“annual和ennial”可发现，“annual”只是将“e”变成了“a”，“i”变成了“u”，毕竟“一”在外语中一直是很特殊的嘛~In its annual report, UNICEF say s at least 40,000 children die every day.在其年度报告中，联合国儿童基金会称每天至少有4万名儿童死亡。

The marriage was annulled last month. 上个月这桩婚姻被宣告无效。

affectation:指假装，装模作样；矫情。

affection: 指的是一种情感，一般为“慈爱、喜爱、钟爱、爱慕”之意。

I wore sunglasses all the time and people thought it was an affectation. 我成天戴着墨镜，大家都觉得我在装酷。

常见的同义形容词和副词辨析常见的同义形容词和副词辨析同义形容词辨析1. able／capable这两个词均可解作“有能力的”。

able常后接不定式，着重于做具体一件事情所需要的实际能力，通常不用于贬义也不用于非生物，如：an infant barely able to walk (刚会走路的幼儿)I wasn't able to buy a ticket.(我未能买到票。

)capable常后接“of +名词(或动名词)”的结构，多用于涉及到潜在能力或可能性的场合，可褒可贬，可用于生物也可用于非生物，如：a statement capable of being misunderstood(有可能被误解的说法)an airplane capable of going l000 miles an hour (每小时能飞行1000英里的飞机)That scoundrel is capable of anything． (那个恶棍什么坏事都干得出来。

)在其他用法中(主要是作前置定语)，able和capable也有一定的差异。

able往往着重指具有出众的能力，尤其是在实践中展示出来的各种出色本领的结合；而capable多侧重指具有满足一般要求的能力、足以应对所面临事情的能力或由训练而获得的胜任特定工作的能力，语气比able弱。

试比较：an able leader(能力出众的领导人)a capable stenographer(熟练的速记员)。

2．accurate／correct／exact／precise这四个词都表示与事实、真相或标准相符合的意思.accurate“准确的”，强调准确性，与事实真相或标准无出入，而且这种准确性往往是通过谨慎努力才达到的，如：an accurate picture of social history(对社会历史的准确描述)Clocks in railway stations must be accurate．(火车站的钟必须准确。

常见形近词汇辨析1. affect [ə'fekt] v.影响，假装effect [i'fekt] n.结果，效力v.产生，导致2. illusion [iˈlju:ʒən] n.幻觉，错觉delusion [diˈlu:ʒən] n.欺骗，迷惑3. avert [əˈvə:t] v.防止，避免。

avoid [əˈvɔid] 避免，避开4. impel [ɪmˈpel] v.推动，驱使，激励compel [kəmˈpel] v.强迫，胁迫，迫使5. complement [ˈkɔmplimənt] n.补足(物)，补全，补足语compliment [ˈkɔmplimənt] n.恭维，称赞，致意Your presence is a great compliment.承蒙光临,不胜荣幸6. council [ˈkaunsl] 议事机构，委员会a cabinet council内阁会议counsel [ˈkaunsəl] 商议;忠告follow sb's counsel close牢记某人忠告7. defective [dɪˈfektɪv](having a fault or flaw)adj.有缺陷的deficient [dɪˈfɪʃənt](lacking in what is needed) adj.不足的;be deficient in欠缺8. discreet [disˈkri:t] adj.谨慎的，小心的discrete [disˈkri:t] adj.离散的，不连续的9. distinctive [dɪˈstɪŋktɪv] adj.有特色的，独特的;distinct [disˈtiŋkt] adj.清楚的，明显的10.evoke [iˈvəuk] v.唤起，引起;evoke admiration引起羡慕。

invoke [ɪnˈvəʊk]祈求(神灵)保佑,乞灵于,行使(法权);The shaman invokes the spirits of their ancestors. If our case fails in the national courts, we will invoke the European Declaration on Human Rights.11.infer [inˈfə:] v.猜想，臆测，推断;infer a motive from an effect从效果推知动机。

历年大学英语六级常考词汇（同义、近义、反义）CET6中词汇有30道，共15分.30％是四级词汇，70％是六级词汇。

一般48％的考生能拿7.5分，15％的拿10分，2％的拿15分。

六级要求掌握5500个单词，与考研相比，只差206个。

答题要点：同义词均不选特点：喜欢考难的单词,homogeneously 同一的,基因(前缀,词根adj adv) make a reservation 订房间: (出现两次)commitment 商业方面的约定engagement 一般的约定(也指订婚)gorgeous 秀色可餐，太美了lease 签租约mortgage 抵押,贷款installment 分期付款collide with 与......相冲突六级的最爱：deprive of 剥夺budget 预算compensation 弥补，补偿eternal永恒的intuition 直觉penalty 惩罚,点球potential 潜在的in terms of在......方面sheer完全的trivial 琐碎的六级的旧爱：regardless of 除了六级新宠（2002）demonstrate 演示demonstrated beauty 倾国倾城mingled情感、气息、气味的混合永陪词汇（永远不成为答案）：claim有100多条解释Constrain 陪考：empirical 凭经验的，主观的出现giant panda/species 就选死光光，绝种extinct记忆方法：词根法＋联想法spir=breath(呼吸)inspire吸入空气-->产生灵感conspiracy共同呼吸-->同谋者expire断气-->过期，满期perspire出汗，流汗aspire不断地呼吸-->渴望ers＝turn (旋转) Universe 围绕地旋转-->宇宙,单一的，同样的converse 扭转,共同地reverse 颠倒，反转，倒带,反diverse 不同的vertigo 头晕,分开cess=go (走路)access 一再地走-->接近,一再excess 超过-->过渡,超出recess 走回来-->休息process 前进，加工scend=climb (爬)ascend v.攀登，轻薄物体的上升，声音从远处传来descendant n.后代（在你后面爬）transcend v.超越，胜过cest 跑ancestor 在前面跑-->祖先sophomore 大二生PS：九三学社,上午九点起,，下午睡到3点cur跑precursor 在前面跑-->祖先form 形式reform 一再地改变形式--> 改革conform 共同->符合perform 演出deform 不好的形式-->畸形不好sophy智慧sophisticated 复杂的，老于世故的聪明的，睿智的philosophy 哲学,爱智慧rupt＝break(断裂)bankrupt 破产interrupt 打断exclusive interview 人物专访corrupt r双写＋co=共同共同在断-->腐败-->破坏excursion 跑出去-->旅游clude=closeexclusive a.排他的，独占的，专属的exclude v.排除在外inclusive a. 包围住的，包括的preclude v.预防，妨碍ped 脚expedition 脚出去-->探险biped 双足的pedal 脚蹬的地方define 加强限定-->下定义stat 站在那stationary 静止的statue 全身雕塑scribe=write (写)ascribe 归因于subscribe 订阅，提交,在下面写conscribe 征兵circumscribe 限制,圆圈ps:《西游记》"三打白骨精"中老孙给唐僧划了个圈，限制范围，保护他。

cet-6中形容词的辨析及演练
一、形容词的辨析
1、energetic和enthusiastic的辨析
energetic指的是一种活力，指的是体力力量，也就是精力充沛的状态，强调努力的活动；而enthusiastic则是一种热情，指的是一种心灵力量，更像是一种积极的乐观的精神态度，强调积极地去做或追求。

2、hopeful和motivated的辨析
hopeful指的是有希望的、充满希望的，有积极向上的看待未来。

而motivated则更多地表示一种做某件事情的动力，是一种受到共同目标或传统驱使而积极去行动的精神。

sensitive指的是敏感的，强调感受力，指一个人对外界事物的反应比较敏感，可以洞悉到被感知的内容；而delicate则表示细腻，注重细微的处理，容易受到外界事物的影响，并要求深度的思考作出正确的选择。

以下例句加以演练：
1.她对于现在的局面充满能量和热情。

She is full of energy and enthusiasm for the current situation.
2.他的希望就是给他的孩子一个幸福的未来。

3.那件作品十分敏感，需要极为细腻地处理。

六级考试常考近义词详细辨析1．transaction ／transition ／transformation ／transmissiontransaction："交易，事务，事项"；"办理，执行"transition："过渡，过渡时期"transformation："改变，改观，改造"transmission："传送，传递，传达，传导"典型考题分析：［例1］The ____　from childhood to adulthood is always a critical time for every-body．（2001．6）A）conversion B）transitionC）turnover　D）transformation［题解］题意是：对每个人而言，从儿童到成人的过渡是一个关键时期。

选项conversion意思是"变换，转变"，而turnover意思是"成交量，营业额；人员调整"。

根据题意，答案为B）。

［例2］Cultural ____ indicates that human beings hand their language down from one generation to another．（2001．1）A）translation　B）transitionC）transmission D）transaction［题解］题意是：文化继承是指人类将其语言代代相传。

根据题意，答案为C）。

［例3］He attends to the ____of important business himself．（1998．6）A）transaction B）transitionC）transmission D）transformation［题解］题意是：他亲自参与重要商业贸易的处理。

英语近义近形词辨析1.remarkable 值得注意的，不寻常的；独特的striking 引人注意的，饶有兴趣的；（因相貌好）吸引人的，惹人注目的unusual 罕见的，异乎寻常的；独特的，与众不同的extraordinary 不平常的，不普通的，非常的，格外的，；（安排、会议等）特别的，（官员）特命的，特派的outstanding 杰出的，优秀的；地位显著的，为人瞩目的，（报酬、工作、问题等）未偿付的，未完成的，未解决的prominent凸出的,显著的，惹人注目的,杰出的，重要的2. means 方法method 方法measure 结论，步骤medium 媒介，阶段3. conduct：N 行为，品德，指导，指挥，管理，经营V 领导，指导，带领；控制，管理；传导（热、电流等）serve：V服务；供（某人）饭菜；供职、服役N 发球shoulder：N 肩膀，肩部V 扛，承担tackle：应付，对付，处理4. capacity 表示非生命物体的能力(容纳某事物的能力，生产力)capability 能做某事的素质，能力ability 做体力、脑力或机械工作的能力或力量；智慧，才能；天资，天分faculty 侧重一种天生的能力后三者表示有生命的物体的能力5. advice 建议商量，希望得到别人建议的个人事情，劝告，提意见，可劝人为善或为恶suggest 建议，提出，表明隐含提出在某种情况下能够实现的事，提出某事来讨论protest 对……提出异议object 反对6. feed 给（人或动物）食物raise 养育（孩子），饲养（家畜），生产（作物）,提高，上升，养育enhance 增强，提高，美化（多用于抽象意义）7. proportion：（两件事物之间的）比，比例, 通常用于各种成分或分配额的比例等；percentage：百分比，百分率；rate：常用于表示速率，利率，出生率，死亡率，兑换率等；ratio：（表示两个数量之间关系的）比，比例, in direct/inverse ratio to 成正比/反比8. momentary 瞬息间的；prompt：（行动）立刻的，迅速的；instant：即刻发生的immediate：目前的，当前的9. exceeding：非常的，极度的excess：附加的，过量的，超额的10. some time一段时间sometimes有时some times将来或过去某时11. rare形容长期缺少从而珍贵的东西。

英语六级考试必备资料-英语语法——形容词与副词来源：普特英语形容词1.1 什么是形容词形容词(adjective)是修饰名词表示名词属性的词，常放在它所修饰的名词之前。

如：a lovely baby一个可爱的婴儿the beautiful picture那幅美丽的图画modern history现代历史1.2 形容词的用法形容词在句中可用作：1)定语He is a good boy.他是个好孩子。

The Chinese Communist Party is a great party.中国共产党是伟大的党。

2)表语The film is both moving and instructive.这部电影很感动人，而且富有教育意义。

I am very glad to see you.见到你很高兴。

3)宾语补足语和宾语一起构成复合宾语。

如：Have you got everything ready for the journey? 你行装都准备好了吗?We keep our rooms clean and tidy.我们经常保持房间的整洁。

4)相当于名词某些形容词前用定冠词the，变成名词化的形容词，可在句中作主语、宾语等。

如：The young are active.青年人积极好动。

(the young作主语)The blind can learn to read with their fingertips. 盲人能够用指尖学习阅读书籍。

(the blind作主语)He has a keen sense of the new.他对新鲜事物有敏锐的感觉。

(the new作宾语)[注一]上述三例中的the young = the young people，the blind the Blind people，the new the new things.[注二]在The sun rose red(旭日升起)中的形容词red和Don't marry young(不要早婚)中的形容词young都是主语补足语。