读写任务写作讲义

读写任务写作指导(记叙文类)针对不同的文体，概述部分和论述部分的侧重点不同。

一、概述方法：故事(概括文段)+点题(文章时有时无)二、故事概括：要素串联法who, what(what happened, do what), when,where, how(the result), why(the background, the reason)点题：1）文章明确说出，则换种说法2）文章没有明确说出，参考写作内容第2点，紧靠出题方向三、概述模板1.The passage/story is about …2.The author tells us a story about a ________.3.The passage is a story about ________.4.According to the passage, the hero in the story ________.【具体化】1.点明写作目的类：The writer tells us the importance of …（主题）by showing us an example of…, who/which…（故事情节）.The writer tells us that ….（主题）by telling a story, in which 六要素。

2.作者经历类：In the passage, the writer mainly tells us his experience of doing sth, which……3.他人经历类：This passage is mainly about sb’s experience of doing sth…..注意：1.注重大意，省去详细的例子、细节2.引用原文的词句,不能添加自己的见解，但是要用自己的语言概括3.第三人称4.控制字数四、写作模板：标题第一段：概述第二段：引述观点/个人经历第1部分，承上启下：As far as I am concerned, there is no doubt that this situation happens in our daily life. ….（再用几句话表达自己对于此事的观点态度，是赞同还是反对）第2部分，如需谈个人经历：I can think of no better example than my(friend’s) experience. …（以下陈述我或朋友的相关经历）第三段：分点论述第1句，开头 Speaking of …/ As the view of ….…（谈及这个事情，引出作者自己的观点）第2句至第N句，分条理写出作者的观点Firstly, … Secondly, … Thirdly, … Finally, …或者：On one hand, … on the other hand, …（写作内容、论据、观点理由的13个关键词：经济，效率，交流，他人，安全，方便，环境，健康，情感，性格，经验，时间空间，利益）若要提意见：Talking about my suggestions, I think…第四段：结尾段第1句，（总结）Taking all these into account, it is important that …+ 自己的主题句第2句，（升华）Only when/if we … + 主题句 + can we live in a harmonysociety/ happy family 或者 lead a colourful / wonderful/valuable life.五、常用句型1.there be + 名 + that 从句2.…, which/who/where/when非限制性定语从句3.非谓语作状语4.形式主语的句型 It is important that … It is known to all that …5.when, if 状语从句6.not only … but also…倒装句7.It is in the countryside that we can have a better living situation. 强调句六、名言谚语1) Every coin has two sides. 每件事都有两面性2) No pains, no gains. 一分耕耘一分收获3) Where there is a will there is a way. 有志者事竟成4) As the old saying goes,名言谚语. 俗话说，…5) …has both the advantages and disadvantages,七、范例Passage 1I took a trip to a big lake in Indonesia with my family two years ago. It was really a huge lake with beautiful scenery all around. People were amazed by the endless view in front of our eyes. Later on, unlike other girls, I volunteered to go water-skiing alone, I put on the life jacket, got on the motorboat immediately and started my engine as soon as possible.The lake seemed broad and endless, I was so thrilled to enjoy my trip among the mountains and waters that I sped my motorboat. Then, after some time, I found myself in the middle of the endless lake. A sudden fear came around me.I didn’t know where I was or even how far I had gone from the shore. What was worse, it began to rain and it became very cold and foggy. I rode everywhere but find my way back. It was useless for me to cry or shout for help.I was so terrified that I began to think about all kinds of horrible things. After floating on the water helpless and hopelessly for a long time, suddenly I heard someone calling my name. Soon, a big steamboat sailed to me and they pulled me up to the deck and asked me if I was hurt, I couldn’t say a word but cried out in my father’s arms.Who: ______________ When: _____________ Where: __________________What: _________________________________________________________________How: __________________________________________________________________ passage 2Everyone has an experience they would rather forget. Some are embarrassing, some are moving, and some teach us a lesson. Here is a story of mine.Last Sunday I went fishing. After setting up my fishing rod（钓鱼竿）with bait（鱼饵）, I sat down on the bank of the lake. But two hours later, I didn’t catch any fish. I got very angry and began to pack up my stuff（收拾东西）, preparing to go back home.Just then, I saw an old man sitting near me. To my surprise, his basket was full of fish, so I went over to him, wanting to know why. “Excuse me, but how long have you sat here?”I asked. “About four hours,” he answered.“Four hours?” I couldn’t believe my ears. “Yes. It’s very important to be patient,”the old man said. “ Don’t consider fishing a tiring sport. Just enjoy it.”Suddenly, I understood what he said. I must learn to be patient. Then I sat there and waited for fish patiently. I felt a fish touch the bait, but I didn’t move and waited for the right moment to reel it in（卷收钓鱼线）. At last, I caught it. This made me very happy. In the following six hours, I caught over 10 fish.On my way home, I thought what had happened on the bank. I gradually realized that the secret of success was patience.Who: ______________ When: _____________ Where: __________________What: _________________________________________________________________How: __________________________________________________________________my version for the summaryPassage 1Once the writer was on a trip to a lake where she went to water-skiing alone. she was too excited and enjoyed herself that soon she got lost.Fortunately,her father came to rescue her.(35 words)1.The passage is about the writer’s unforgettable experience to water-skiing.2.The writer tells us about his unforgettable experience to water-skiing.3.The story is about the writer who went to water- skiing .4.The author tells us that the writer went to water-skiing.Passage 2In this passage, the writer mainly tells us his experience of fishing and was taught an unforgettable lesson by an old man. He knew the importance of patience and finally got some fish.(33 words）A阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

读写任务写作指导概括高二英语组读写任务一般是要求先阅读一篇短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

写作内容包括：1）概括短文的内容要点，该部分的字数大约30词左右；2）就相关主题发表你的看法，该部分的字数大约100词左右；写作要求是：你可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子。

评分标准：概括的准确性、语言的规范性、内容的合适性以及篇章的连贯性。

读写任务型写作模板标题第一段：概括所给短文内容要点[约30字]第一段：过渡词引出主题句---自己的观点---理由第一段：总结句读写任务写作范例：阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk doesn’t learn by being corrected all the time; if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference be tween his language and others’language. Bit by bit, he makes the right changes to make his language like other people’s. In the same way, children learn to do all the other things. They learn to talk, run, climb, ride a bicycle by comparing their own behaviors with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school teachers never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself, even fewer chances for him to correct himself. They do it all for him. Teachers act as if the student would never notice a mistake if they did not point out it to him. They act as if the student would never correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let the student do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word means and what the answer is to that problem. 写作内容1）概括短文的内容要点，该部分的字数大约30词左右2）就“学生的学习错误该不该改正”这个主题发表你的看法，至少包括以下的内容要点，该部分的字数大约30词左右；a)以英语学习为例，简述你学习过程经常出现的语言错误；b)你是如何看待自己的语言错误；c)你的老师如何对待你的语言错误；d)你对老师的做法持什么看法？为什么？写作要求你可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子。

读写任务作文在2014年考试说明中，书面表达示例部分增加了读写任务作文。

读写任务作文将阅读与写作有机地结合在一起，通过阅读所给材料的有关信息，进而对比信息进行加工，并结合平时积累的相关信息知识，按照任务要求谋篇布局，完成指定的写作任务。

这种命题，不但关注考生的思维能力，而且关注语篇的思维深度，以及现代中学生的认知能力。

这种命题形式既体现了科学性和人文素养，也发掘了素质教育的因素，因此对学生语言能力的提高很有意义。

读写任务作文的写作内容1. 以约30个词概括短文的要点。

2. 然后以约120个词就“……”主题发表你的看法, 并包括下面要点：①……; ②……; ③……读写任务作文的主题概括概括部分包含几种能力。

第一要看清楚文章的结构，设法反映出原文中作者的观点。

第二要具有意义筛选的能力，学会区分事实和观点、重要和次要、普遍与特殊、相关与不相关、原因和结果等复杂的逻辑关系。

第三要有用英文解释英文的能力，用自己简单的语言解释比较复杂的语言文字，不能抄袭原文。

主题概括的概括标准抛弃次要，瞄准写作目的标准的概括采用浮凸式的表达方式，第一句话是主题句，清楚明白地告诉读者文章的写作目的，后面的句子对主题句进行解释和支撑。

凡是意义在主题之外的要毫不吝啬地予以删除。

要学会“精”兵“裁”员，将字数控制在30左右，不超过上限35个词。

主题概括的基本原则1. 精：用精炼的语言概括出文章的大意。

可先画出短文中的重要句子，例如：文中的主题句、论点、论据和结论等。

2. 准：要注意文章的内涵和外延，把作者的观点用自己的语言，简洁、明了、连贯、有条理地准确表述出来（注意：一般多用第三人称）。

3. 全：要省去详细的例子、细节词语，选取包含文章的主要内容及作者观点的词语，- 1 -。

读写任务写作指导Teaching Aims:1. Learn about the general demands for the reading-and-writing task.2. Practise writing a summary.Teaching important points: Grasp some useful writing skillsTeaching steps:I. Writing Template 写作模板Title : Refining and brief 精练，简短Part I:Summary 关键词忠于原文[约30词]Part II:Transitional words to lead in (过渡句）--- story or argumentation(经历或论证)[约100词]Part III: Conclusion 重复呼吁[约20词]II. Methods and requirements 方法和要求:Title标题是段落中心思想的精练表达形式。

要按写作要求，根据所写短文的内容拟定标题.Is Time More Valuable Than Money?On SmokingHow to Make FriendsHappinessIs Watching TV a Good Thing?*Tips ：如果写作任务中要求“标题自拟”或“以…为题”，就一定要写标题，如没有要求写标题，则可写可不写。

Part I：Summary议论文：论点——论据——结论.说明文：现象——原因——结果/措施记叙文：五要素when, where, who, what, how1. 要做到开门见山: 例如: (字数太多时可不要）According to the passage, we know…This article is mainly about…The writer states that…As is stated in the passage, …2. 概括要抓住要点, 语言精练:1) Underline the key words or topic sentences.2) Sum up by rewriting or paraphrasing.3) Check to avoid copying.3. 一般以第三人称形式来进行概括.14.去掉任何细节, 切忌在summary中加上自己的观点.*Tips：阅读前先了解写作话题有助于快速抓住要点.How to avoid copying in a summary如何避免“抄袭”？(1)同义替换: 即用同义或近义的词语或句型改写。

读写任务精讲篇1、帮助（夹叙夹议）第二节:读写任务阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文.One morning, a friend of mine set the breakfast table beside a huge window, which overlooked the Tred Avon River. Suddenly she leaned forward and cried out, “ There is a goose out there!”We saw the figure of a large Canada goose, very still, its wings folded tight to its sides and its feet frozen to the ice.Then in the sky, she saw a line of swans. They flew from the top of the sky downward and at last landed on the ice. My friend was on her feet, with one unbelieving hand against her mouth. As the swans surrounded the frozen goose, she feared that the poor goose might be pecked out by those great swan bills.Unexpectedly, those bills began to work on the ice. The long necks were lifted and curved down (弯下) again and again. They went on for a long time. At last, the goose was free and standing on the ice. And the swans stood nearby watching. Then, as if the goose was crying, “I cannot fly”, four of the swans came down around it. Their powerful bil ls chipped off the ice stuck in its feathers. Slowly, the goose spread its wings as far as they would go. Seeing the goose could freely move its wings, the swans flew slowly into the sky.This is a true story. Every time I think of it, I can’t help asking,“If so for birds, why not for man?”【写作内容】以约30个词概括短文的含义;以约120个词写一篇关于帮助别人或接受别人帮助的一次经历并包含以下要点:⑴叙述你在学习或生活上帮助别人或接受别人帮助的一次经历;⑵阐述你对这件事的感受与体会;【写作要求】作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或者虚构的故事,也可参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子;文中不能出现真实的姓名和学校名称;The passage reminds us to help those who are in trouble and shows us helping others is a good virtue, which one should treasure.Life is not all roses. No one knows when he or she will be in trouble. The story above reminds me of my personal experience.There was a time when I performed badly in my maths. It seemed that no matter how hard I tried, I still failed. Upset and disappointed, I fell ill and had to be in hospital for a couple of days. Hearing what had happened to me, Lily, my monitor, came to hospital , helping me with my schoolwork. It was with her aid that I recovered soon and improved myself in maths rapidly. I felt really grateful for what she had done.From my experience above, I’ve learned that the sincere help between people is of great significance. Only with the care and help of others, can we get out of the difficulties in life and fly again like the goose in the story . .2、开放性（读后感，日记）读写任务（共1小题，满份25分）阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求，写一篇150词作用有的英语短文A Little at a TimeCarl Walter was my piano teacher. During one of my lessons he asked how much practice I was doing. I said three or four hours a day.“Do you practice in long stretches, an hour at a time?”“I try to.”“Well, do not,” he exclaimed.” When you grow up, time won’t come in long stretches. Practice in minutes, whenever you can find them five or ten before school, after lunch, between chores. Spread the practice through the day, and piano-playing will become a part of your life.”Years later when I was teaching at Columbia, I wanted to write, but recitations, theme-reading, and meetings filled my days and evenings. For two years I got practically nothing down on paper, and my excuse was that I had no time. Then I recalled what my piano teacher said to me.During the next week I conducted an experiment. Whenever I had five minutes unoccupied, I sat down and wrote a hundred words or so. To my astonishment, at the end of the week I had written quite a lot. Later on I wrote novels by the same piecemeal method. Though my teaching schedule had become heavier than ever, every day there were idle moments which could be caught and put to use. I even took up piano-playing again, finding that the small interval of the day provided enough time for both writing and piano practice.【写作内容】有一些事情你很想做，可一直没时间。

高三英语读写任务辅导讲义_______________________________________________________________________【主题句写作思路】（一）抓要点要点一：如果能够回到过去，你最辑回到的时间（或时段）及地点；段落主题句（1）：If I were fortunate enough to be able to travel back to the past, I would like to visit Chang An City during the Tang Dynasty.要点二：描述你回到过去后最想做的事情；段落主题句（2）：If I were lucky enough to have the opportunity……要点三：说明事情的意义.段落主题句（3）：What I would do would be of great value for pople today.（二）思路点拨每段的主题句基本上是针对于要点问题进行直接作答，放在段首，用以统领本段的中心，使写作的内容要点一目了然。

【主题句展开思路】（一）拓展主题句段落一：主题句If I were fortunate enough to be able to travel back to the past, I would like to visit Chang An City during the Tang Dynasty展开主题句：进一步通过讲解原因（为什么）来细化和拓展主题句。

This is because the Tang Dynasty is a shining pearl in Chinese history. Many people believe it was during this period that China reached its cultural peak, with outstanding literature, the invention of new technology, expanding foreign trade and the development of newreligions. As a Chinese student, how I wish I could witness the life at that time, the peaceful, beautiful and joyful life there.段落二：主题句If I were lucky enough to have the opportunity，Iwould……展开主题句：通过列举式或者递进式来具体描述如果穿回古代将会做些什么。