1998年广东省普通高等学校本科插班生考试英语试题Part I Reading Comprehension(40%)Passage IThe computer is a wonderful machine.It is the most important invention since the type of engine used in cars.Today it has the greatest effect on science,industry,and business,but it is being used more in education and medicine.By the end of this century it will touch the lives of everyone,even people in distant villages.It is a revolutionary invention.The oldest kind of computer is the abacus used in China since the sixth century.In the seventeenth century an adding machine was invented,but the furst large,modern computer was built in 1937.A few years later a computer could do 5000 additions per second.Now the computations are so fast that they are measured in nanoseconds(毫微秒).Today most computers have a memory.They are getting smaller and smaller,and computing faster and faster.Even in a large computer,the part that does the actual computing is about the size of the end of a finger. Computers can do all kinds of work.When someone buys something in a department store,information about the sale goes into a computer,A scientist can talk to the computer about the rocks,and the computer answers the questions.A doctor can talk to the computer and explain what is wrong with a patient.If the doctor asks why,the computer goes through its stored information and explains exactly why.When early humans began farming,it was a revolutionary change in human life.It was hundreds of thousands of years later that people developed a writing system(方法).In less than fifty years people have developed computers that can do most of the things humans can do .This could be a frightening development.1.The computer is considered a wonderful machine because_____.A.it has effect on all aspects of man’s lifeB.it is widely used in education and medicineC.it has the function of an engineD.it is useful even in distant villages2.The abacus has been used in China for_____.A.some 5,000 yearsB.about 600 yearsC.nearly 1,000 yearsD.over 1,300 years3.The most important feature of a computer is that_____.A.it has a memoryB.it is small in sizeC.it computes fastD.it answers all kinds of questions4.The computations of the computer are usually measured in_____.A.secondsB.minutesC.hoursD.nanoseconds5.The computer will soon affect_____.A.people in large citiesB.people in developed countriesPassage 2In the traditional marriage,the man worked at a job to earn money for the family.Most men worked in an office,a factory,or some other place away from the home.Since the man earned the money,he paid the bills.The money was used for food,clothes,a house,and other family needs.The man made most of the decisions.He was the boss.In the traditional marriage,the woman seldom worked away from the house.She stayed at home to care for the children and her husband.She cooked the meals,cleaned house,washed the clothes,and did other household work.Her job at home was every important.In recent years,many couples continue to have a traditional relationship of this kind.The man has a job and earns the money for the family.The woman stays at home and cares for the children and the house.Many Americans are happy with this kind of marriage.But some other Americans have a different impression of marriage and family responsibilities.There are two important differences in male and female roles now.One is that both men and women have many more choices.They may choose to marry or to stay single.They may choose to work or stay at home.Both men and women may choose roles that are comfortable for them.A second difference in male and female roles is that within marriage many decisions and responsibilities are shared.The husband and wife may choose to have children,or they may not.If they have children,the man may take care of them some of the time, all of the time,or not at all.The woman may want to stay at home and take care of the children.Or she may want to go to work.Men and Women now decide these things together in a marriage.Many married people now share these decisions and the responsibilities of their families.6.Which of the following is NOT true in the traditional marriage?A.Men worked at a job to earn money for family.B.The woman made most of decisions.C.The woman stayed at home to care for the children.D.The man paid the bills.7.In recent years_____.A.young couples reject the traditional relationshipB.the woman has a job and earns the money for the familyC.the woman doesn’t stay at home and care for the children and the houseD.the role of men and women has begun to change8.Men and women may now choose all the following EXCEPT to_____.A.marry or to stay singleB.work or to stay at homeC.have the roles that are comfortable for themD.leave their jobs just because they have children9.The following are all now true EXCEPT_____.A.they may choose to have children or notB.the man may take care of the children some of the timeC.the woman may want to go to workD.the woman is the most important person in the house10.Which of the following is NOT true?A.The man was the boss in the traditional marriage.B.Th e woman’s job at home was very important in the past.C.Many Americans still have a traditional marriage.D.Everyone tries to get married.Passage 3Did you know that the empty plastic soft drink bottles you throw away every day can be turned into carpet or automobiles parts?That used glass bottles and aluminum cans can be turned into new ones?And that yesterday’s newspaper can be turned into tomorrow’s?It all happens because of recycling(再利用).The simple waste we thr ow away is a “natural resource”that,with recycling,can be used to produce a variety of new products.Unfortunately,America recycles only 10% of its rubbish,burns 10% and deposits 80% in waste desposal grounds,As a result,it is having to cope with a serious solid waste problem.Every year,Americans throw away about 160 million tons of rubbish.Of that total,plastics make up less than 8%,paper about 36%,and glass and metal about 20%,all by weight.Plastics are naturally lighter,but still,when pressed together,accout for only about 20% by volume.As a result,in the past 10 years the United States’ waste disposal grounds have decreased from about 18,500 to 6,000.In five years 2,000 more will close.In the process of finding solutions,some people have proposed to stop using plastics.Unfortunately,stop using plastics would do much harm and no good.We would lose all of the safety,health and convenience features of plastics.Besides,packaging would still be needed.A 1987 study shows what would happen if plastics were not used--the energy needed to produce other packaging,its cost,and the volume of waste collected would all rise greatly.Some Americans believe part of the answer to America’s waste problem lies in r ecycling everything from glass to metals to paper to plastic.Today,recycling is on the rise.There are now more than 1,000 waste recycling programs in the U.S.Many are beginning to recycle plastics.Right now,almost 200 companies are recycling millions of used plastic containers into toys,traffic signs,waste baskets,floor materials,and park benches.Plastics are among the easiest materials to recycle.More than 150 million pounds or 20% of all plastic soft drink bottles were recycled in 1987.11.What can’t the plastic soft drink bottles be turned into?A.Newspapers.B.Automobile parts.C.Toys.D.Traffic signs.12.Of all the rubbish in the U.S.,plastics account for_____by weight and_____by volume.A.20%; 20%B. 8%; 20%C.36%; 8%D.20%; 36%13.On average,waste plastics are_____other wastes.A.as heavy in density asB.heavier in density thanC.lighter in density thanD.the same by weight as14.In 5 years,the U.S.will have only_____waste disposal grounds.A.2,000B.6,000C.4,000D.18,50015.The author of this passage_____the proposal of stopping using plastices.A.says nothing aboutB.is sympathetic withC.agrees toD.disagrees toPassage 4There are two kinds of memory:short-term and rmation in long-term memory can be remembered at a later time when it is needed.The information may be kept for days or weeks.However,information in short-term memory is kept for only a few seconds,usually by repeating the information over and over.The following experiment shows how short-term memory has been studied.Henning studied how students who are learning English as a second language remember vocabulary.The subjects in his experiment were 75 college students.They represented all levels of ability in English:beginning,intermediate,advanced,and native-speaking students.To begin,the subjects listened to a recording of a native speaker reading a paragraph in English.Following the recording,the subjects took a 15-question test to see which words they remembered.Each question had four choices.The subjects had to circle the word they had heard in the recording.Some of the questions had four choices that sound alike.For example,weather,whethet,wither,and wetter are four words that sound alike.Some of the questions had four choices that have the same meaning.Method,way,manner,and system would be four words with the same meaning.Finally the subjects took a language proficiency test.Henning found that students with a lower proficiency in English made more of their mistakes on words that sound alike;students with a higher proficiency made more of their mistakes on words that have the same meaning.Henning’s results suggest that beginning students hold the sound of words in their short-term memory,and advanced students hold the meaning of words in their short-term memory.16.Henning made the experiment in order to study_____.A.how students remember English vocabulary by short-term memoryB.how students learn English vocabularyC.how to develop students' ability in EnglishD.how long information in short-term memory is kept17.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?rmation in short-term memory is different from that in long-term memory.B.Long-term memory can be achieved only by training.C.It is easier to test short-term memory than long-term memory.D.Henning gave a separate test on vocabulary to his students.18.From Henning’s results we can see that_____.A.beginners have difficulty in distinguishing the pronunciation of wordsB.advanced students remember words by their meaningC.it is defficult to remember words that sound alikeD.it is difficult to remember words that have the same meaning19.The word “subject” in the passage means_____.A.the college course the students takeB.the theme of the listening materialC.a branch of knowledge studiedD.the student experimented on20.The passage centers on_____.A.memoryB.two kinds of memoryC.short-term memoryD.an experiment on studentsPart II. Vocabulary,Structure and Grammar(30%)21.The view from the other side of the mountain was even more_____.A.productiveB.impressiveC.positiveD.decisive22.They____the train and was late this morning,which annoyed them very much.A.lossB.lostC.missedD.failed23.A duck’s_____can keep out water because they have oily substance on them.A.furtherB.fartherC.feathersD.failed24.Carry the box of explosive carefully or we’ll_____up dead ourselves.A.putB.endC.setD.rise25.The Browns were a great deal more_____of their guests than the Smiths.A.thoughtfulB.considerableC.practicalD.imaginary26.Murder is_____by death in many countries.A.punishingB.punishedC.punishableD.punish27.How can he save when he spends_____his income?A.beyondB.onC.forD.under28.If you live in the city,your friends are always_____for a chat or an evening’s entertainment.A.availableB.submittedC.permissibleD.uncountable29.The witness was badly wounded himself,so he couldn't appear in court_____.A.in factB.in natureC.in particularD.in person30.Americans_____have eggs,some meat,toast fruit and coffee at breakfast.A.normallyB.continuouslyC.consequentlyD.traditional31.She often fell_____in front of the television.A.asleepB.sleepingC.into sleepD.to asleep32.Chemical fertilizer plays an important_____in developing agriculture.A.actB.parkC.turnD.role33.I first_____telephoning her but then decided to go and see her.A.enjoyedB.avoidedC.triedD.considered34.The law_____all parents to send their children to school until the age of sixteen.A.requiresB.acquiresC.enquiresD.inquires35.Aunt Betty didn’t_____in at the hotel until ten in the evening.A.enterB.arriveC.checkD.register36.White surfaces reflect heat and light_____black ones absorb them.A.whereasB.althoughC.even ifD.until37.She is putting on weight.She has to_____the belt to the larger size.A.regularB.adjustC.arrangeD.purchase38.He is now working in London and is not_____to driving on the left.A.accustomedB.desiredingD.followed39.The full set of the book_____of twelve volumes.A.is consistedB.consistsC.made upD.contains40._____,the problem remained unsolved.A.Having not discussedB.Having not been discussedC.Not having discussedD.Not having been discussed41.The history of the village,_____which few people know much,can be studied from the record in the school.A.inB.onC.aboutD.for42.The ticket you got yesterday will_____you to a free film.A.entitleB.be entitledC.entitle toD.entitle for43.He was_____awake thinking about his experiment.A.lyingyinginid44.By the end of this century many big bridges across the Pearl River_____.A.would be completedB.will be completedC.will completeD.will have been completed45.If I_____out of ink,I would have finished writing the paper.A.hadn’t runB.shouldn’t runC.haven’t runD.didn’t run46.It is no good_____today’s work for tomorrow.A.leavingB.leaveC.to leaveD.that you leave47._____that Easton had got promoted,his friends came to congratulate him on that.A.Being heardB.Having heardC.To have heardD.Having been heard48._____such a customer as Harry,he would punish him heavily.A.If he has metB.If he was to meetC.If he is meetingD.Were he to meet49.Many things_____impossible in the past are common today.A.consideredB.consideringC.to considerD.being considered50.It is desired that he_____everything ready by tonight.A.will getB.would getC.will have gotD.getPart III. Cloze (10%)In the early days in the United States,salt was very 51 , So, the storekeeper of 52 days was very careful 53 his salt. 54 he 55 out salt for a customer,he did not 56 for anyone to walk 57 the floor of the store,The walking might 58 the floor and could 59 the salt to “settle” and 60 the storekeeper would have to 61 a little more salt to the 62 he had already poured out!In the modern world salt has many uses 63 the dining table,It is used in the making of glass and airplane parts,in the 64 of crops,and in killing weeds.It is also used to make water 65 etc.Salt even helps to 66 itching 67 it is rubbed on mosquito or other insect bites.Salt can be 68 in various ways besides being taken from mines underground.Evaporation of salt water from the ocean or salt water lakes or small seas is one of the more common 69 for manufacturing salt.Yet 70 it is obtained,salt will continue to play an important part in the lives of men and women everywhere.51.A.few B.little C.scarce D.thin52.A.pioneer B.broad C.sunny D.better53.A.to B.for C.upon D.with54.A.Since B.As C.Because D.Even55.A.ran B.got C.poured D.gave56.A.allow B.permit C.prevent D.like57.A.cross B.across C.pass D.among58.A.ruin B.damage C.spoil D.shake59.A.let B.make C.bring D.cause60.A.on the other hand B.as a matter of fact C.as a result D.nevertheless61.A.produce B.cost C.expand D.add62.A.number B.amount C.content D.figure63.A.after B.beside C.beyond D.at64.A.growing B.growing up C.building D.building up65.A.drink B.to be clean C.soft D.being fresh66.A.relieve B.cause C.replace D.withdraw67.A.before B.until C.as D.when68.A.obtained B.bought C.refined D.settled69.A.subjects B.processes C.supplies D.purposes70.A.however B.whatever C.whoever D.wheneverPart IV Translation (20%)71.他送给那位老太太一双拖鞋作为生日礼物,这使她非常高兴。
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