被动语态之解锁潘多拉魔盒
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1、打开潘多拉魔盒的寓意是:打破了禁忌,引起了种种祸患。
2、根据神话,潘多拉打开魔盒,释放出人世间的所有邪恶——贪婪、虚伪、诽谤、嫉妒、痛苦等等。
3、据此英语中常借用Pandora‘sbox(潘多拉魔盒)一语喻指“灾祸之源”,用openPandora’sbox(打开潘多拉魔盒)表示“引起种种祸患”。
= =来源是希腊神话,
因为普罗米修斯把火盗到了人间……所以神要惩罚人类。
众神就做了一个女人,叫潘多拉,赐予她美丽,智慧…………(总之就是个美人= =)送到人间。
临行前,神给了她一个盒子,并且告诫她绝对不允许打开(所以潘多拉的盒子多寓意为“绝对不可触碰的禁忌”)
潘多拉嫁到人间,该开始听从神的命令,没有打开。
但随着时间流逝,按耐不住好奇的潘多拉还是打开了。
从盒子里飞出了痛苦,饥饿,疾病……等等的邪恶。
这就是众神的惩罚。
但是在做盒子的时候,有一个女神,同情人类,就把希望一起放了进去,灾难肆虐时,希望也随之而出。
于是,虽然世界有各种灾难,但有灾难的地方就会有希望。
《有趣的被动语态三种形式》小朋友们,今天咱们来学学被动语态的三种形式,可好玩啦!第一种形式是“一般现在时的被动语态”。
比如说,“The book is read by me.(这本书被我读。
)” 就是说这本书不是自己主动被读的,而是被我读的。
第二种形式是“一般过去时的被动语态”。
像“The cake was eaten by him.(蛋糕被他吃了。
)” 这就表示蛋糕在过去的某个时候被他吃掉啦。
第三种形式是“一般将来时的被动语态”。
比如说“The game will be played by us.(这个游戏将被我们玩。
)” 意思是这个游戏在将来会被我们玩。
就像有一次,我和小伙伴玩游戏,我说“ The toy was broken by him.(玩具被他弄坏了。
)” 小伙伴一下子就明白啦。
小朋友们,是不是有点明白啦?《讲讲被动语态的三种形式》小朋友们,咱们来讲讲被动语态的三种形式哟!先来说说“一般现在时的被动语态”。
比如说“ The door is opened.(门被打开了。
)” 不是门自己打开的,是有人把它打开的。
然后是“一般过去时的被动语态”。
像“ The letter was written.(信被写了。
)” 这表示信在过去被写好啦。
最后是“一般将来时的被动语态”。
比如说“ The party will be held.(聚会将被举办。
)” 就是说聚会在将来会被举办。
比如说,学校里要举办活动,老师说“ The show will be prepared by you.(表演将由你们准备。
)” 小朋友们就知道要准备表演啦。
小朋友们,能记住这三种形式吗?《说说被动语态的三种形式》小朋友们,今天来说说被动语态的三种形式。
第一种,“一般现在时的被动语态”,像“ The song is sung.(歌被唱。
)” 歌不会自己唱,是被人唱的。
第二种,“一般过去时的被动语态”,比如“ The tree was cut.(树被砍了。
被动语态讲解及练习被动语态(Passive Voice)【语态】(Voice)(主动语态和被动语态)1、语态的分类:(1)主动语态:动作的执行者作主语。
(2)被动语态:动作的承受者作主语。
2、被动语态的动词特征:助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(简称:be + p.p.),变否疑。
3、被动语态的时态:(1)一般现在时的被动语态: is/am/are + p.p. 否定:isn’t/am not/aren’t +p.p.(2)一般过去时的被动语态: was/were + p.p. 否定:wasn’t/weren’t + p.p.(3)一般将来时的被动语态: will+ be + p.p. 否定:won’t be +p.p.(4)情态动词的被动语态: must/can/may+ be + p.p.否定:mustn’t/can’t/may not + be +p.p.(5) 现在完成时的被动语态: have/has+been+p.p. 否定: haven’t/hasn’t +been + p.p.(说明:以上5种为必须要掌握的形式,以下3种为了解的形式。
)(6)现在进行时的被动语态: is/am/are + being + p.p.否定:isn’t/am not/aren’t + being + p.p.(7)过去完成时的被动语态; had + been + p.p.否定:hadn’t + been + p.p.(8)过去将来时的被动语态: would + be + p.p.否定:wouldn’t + be + p.p.e.g., (1) The exercise must____________(finish) today.(2) Football _________(play) in the world.(3) My wallet___________(steal) yesterday.(4) The bridge ___________(build)now.(5) The story_____________(read) by me for three weeks.4、被动语态的变化步骤:(1)划分主语、谓语和宾语(2)将主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语(3)将主动语态的动词变成be+p.p.形式(要保持原来的时态形式)(注意动词的时态形式和主语的单数和复数形式)(4)将主动语态的主语变成“by+宾格”结构(可以省略)e.g. (1) People named the two pandas “Tuantuan” and “Yuanyuan”.(2) We will finish the work in two days.(3) We must protect forests.(4) I have kept the dog for two years.*(5)Did the dog eat the meat?*(6)Who has take the books away?Keys((1) The two pandas were named “Tuantuan” and “Yuanyuan” (by people).(2) The work will be finished (by us) in two days.(3) Forests must be protected (by us).(4) The dog has been kept (by me) for two days.(5) Was the meat eaten by the dog?(6) Who(m) have the books been taken away by?5、不用被动语态动词:(1)have 有(2)look,sound,smell,taste等连系动词(3)take place /happen(4)get to/arrive(at/in)/reach到达(5)rise升起,上升(6)ring(铃响)(7)begin/start开始(8)lie躺※The book sells well.(这本卖得好)※The meat cooks well.(8)return(回来,回归—不用被动,归还—可用被动语态)(9)leave(离开—不用被动语态,留下/遗忘—可用被动语态)e.g. (1)The idea ________(sound) great. Let’s go together.(2)The story _________(happen) in USA ten years ago.(3)The Olympics__________(take place) in Beijing in 2008.(4)The kind of bicycle______(sell) well.Keys(参考答案):(1)sounds (2)happened (3)took place (4)sells6、常用被动语态:(1)be located in (2)be covered with(3)be called (4)be made of(in/from)(5)be made up of (6)be asked to do sth(7)be invited to do sth (8)be used for doing sth/to do sthe.g. (1)The streets _________(cover) with snow becauseit__________(snow) heavily last night.(2)We________(tell) to come to school yesterday.(3)Many friends ________(invite) to my birthday part becauseit is my birthday tomorrow.Keys(参考答案):(1)was covered, snowed (2) were told (3) were invited7、动词不定式的省to形式的被动语态:(变被动时,要还原to)※make sb do sth—be made to do sth)※see sb do sth/watch sb do sth/hear sb do sth/notice sb do sthe.g. (1) Floods made people leave their home.(被动语态)(2) Teachers made us__________in the classroom, so we were made _______our homework.A. stay, doB.to stay, doC.to stay, to doD.stay, to doKeys(参考答案):(1)People were made to leave their home (by floods).(2) D8、动词后面跟双宾语:( 人在物前不用介词,物在人前要用介词to或for) –只需将其中的一个宾语(要么人,要么物)变成被动语态的主语注意:make/buy/draw常与for连用 e.g. make sth for sb/buy sth for sb e.g. (1)Uncle Li gave us a big dinner yesterday.We ______ ______ a big dinner ______ Uncle Li yesterday.A big dinner________ ________ _______us _____Uncle Li yesterday.(2)Dad will buy me a present.I ____________ ______ a present ______ Dad.A present ______ ______ ______ ______ me ______ Dad.Keys(参考答案):(1)were given, by ; was given to, by(2)will be bought, by ; will be bought for, by9、“动词+副词”或“动词+介词“结构在变成被动语态后,介词或副词不能漏掉e.g. (1)We must look after our eyes.(2)How did you deal with the dog?Keys(参考答案):(1)Our eyes must be looked after by us.(2)How was the dog dealt with by you?10、同步练习被动语态练习I. 选择最佳答案:( ) 1. English __________ in Britain.A. speaksB. are spokenC. is speakingD. isspoken( ) 2. This popular song __________ by us after class.A. often singsB. often sangC. is often sangD.is often sung( ) 3. This kind of bike __________ in Germany.A. makesB. madeC. is makingD. is made( ) 4. New computers _________ in our school.A. is usedB. are usingC. are usedD.have used( ) 5. Our flat must ___________ clean.A. keepB. be keptC. to be keptD. to keep( ) 6. A new hospital _____________ at the corner of the street.A. is buildingB. is being builtC. been builtD. be building( ) 7. The key __________ on the sofa when I left.A. was leftB. will be leftC. is leftD. has been left( ) 8. Doctors ____________ all over the world.A. needB. are needingC. are neededD. will need( ) 9. His new book_____________ next year.A. will be publishedB. is publishingC. is being publishedD. has been published ( ) 10. French ____________ in every country.A. is not spokenB. are spokenC. is speakingD. is notspeaking( ) 11. These papers _____________ yet.A. have not writtenB. have not been writtenC. has not writtenD. has not been written ( ) 12. The sports meeting ____________ be held until next week.A. didn'tB. won'tC. isn'tD. doesn't( ) 14. The two panda were taken to Taiwan ______________ us.A. forB. inC. toD. by( ) 15. The book ______________.A. sells goodB. sells wellC. is sold goodD. is sold well( ) 16. The broken bike_____________ here by Old Wang.A. can repairB. can be repairedC. can be repairingD. canrepairing( ) 17. The jar __________ for ___________ hot water.A. used; keepingB. was used; keepingC. is used; to keepD. are used; keep( ) 18. Cotton _____________ in the southeast of China.A. growsB. is grownC. were grownD.will grow( ) 19. The bridges__________ a few years ago.A. is builtB. builtC. were builtD. was built( ) 20.These babies __________in the hospital.A. are taken good careB. are taken good care ofC. take good care ofD. take good care( ) 21. These bridges __________stone.A. are made ofB. made ofC. are made intoD.made into( ) 22. These books__________ by the writer in the 1980s.A. are writtenB. were writtenC. are writingD. werewritingII.用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空。
被动语态在各时态中的变化和替代办法被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要概念,常用于句子的表达中。
通过被动语态,我们可以把强调放在动作的承受者身上,而不是动作的执行者身上。
在使用被动语态时,需要根据不同的时态进行相应的变化和替代。
本文将详细介绍被动语态在各时态中的变化规则及替代办法。
一、一般现在时态(Simple Present Tense)在一般现在时态中,被动语态的构成为:被动助动词“be”(am/is/are)+过去分词。
例如:Active Voice:She eats an apple.Passive Voice:An apple is eaten by her.当需要用被动语态表达一般现在时的动作时,需根据主语的人称和数量来选用正确的被动助动词形式。
二、一般过去时态(Simple Past Tense)在一般过去时态中,被动语态的构成为:被动助动词“be”(was/were)+过去分词。
例如:Active Voice:They cleaned the room.Passive Voice:The room was cleaned by them.需要注意的是,一般过去时的被动语态助动词形式“was/were”需要根据主语的人称和数量来确定。
三、一般将来时态(Simple Future Tense)在一般将来时态中,被动语态的构成为:将来时态助动词“will be”或“am/is/are going to be”+过去分词。
例如:Active Voice:He will eat dinner.Passive Voice:Dinner will be eaten by him.被动语态在一般将来时态中的变化与一般现在时类似,需要根据主语的人称和数量来选择正确的被动助动词形式。
四、现在进行时态(Present Continuous Tense)在现在进行时态中,被动语态的构成为:被动助动词“is/are being”+过去分词。
被动语态的几种特殊用法(1)主动形式表示被动意义1)常见的这类动词有:“act,add up,clean,compare,count,cook,draw,fill,iron,keep,let,look,make up,milk,kill,open,photograph,prove,read,sell,smoke,spoil”等。
The window won’t open.(这扇窗户打不开。
)The cow milks well.(这头牛出奶率很高。
)Damp wood will not fire.(湿木不易燃烧。
)She doesn’t photograph well.(她不上相。
)His judgment proved wrong.(他的判断是错的。
)The banana peels easily.(香蕉皮剥起来很容易。
)Flies kill easily in autumn.(秋天苍蝇容易死亡。
)It turned out fine that day.(结果那天天气很好。
)How did his coat catch on a nail? (他的衣服怎么钩到钉子上了?)2)实用动词“need/want/deserve/require +V-ing(动名词)”形式表示被动意义。
My hair needs cutting。
.The bike wants repairing.It doesn’t deserve mentioning.Hamlet is required reading for the course.(《哈姆雷特》为本课程指定读物。
)3)一些固定句型如:"be worth doing sth.have/get sth.(sb.)done",以及to be under(in)+抽象名词等表示被动意义:Beijing is a big city in China and worth visiting.(北京是中国的一个大城市,值得浏览。
潘多拉魔盒①我们三班是学校出了名的差班——贪玩,成绩差。
每个调到我们班的老师一开始都满怀信心要改变我们,但总是以失败告终。
②这不,又新来了一个范桐老师,我们给他起了个绰号叫“饭桶”。
③第一节课,范老师自我介绍后,忽然神秘地说:“我和你们谈个条件怎么样?”我们面面相qù()。
他继续说:“我知道你们爱玩儿。
这样,你们以后玩什么我都不管,一不通知家长,二不报告学校。
但你们不许偷偷摸摸,得让我也参加。
”“那怎么行?我们凭什么相信您不告状?”有人提出质疑。
范老师笑笑说:“说实话,就你们那些玩法,我还嫌没劲呢!要是我来策划啊,你们等着瞧……”④教室里响起一阵大笑。
鬼点子最多的李小彬边和大家挤眉弄眼边说:“既然范老师这么厉害,那以后咱们就让范老师带着玩好不好?”又是一阵哄堂大笑。
⑤第二天,范老师抱着一个四四方方的纸盒走进了教室。
盒子包装得流光溢彩,充满神秘气息。
范老师说:“这叫潘多拉魔盒。
”“一个盒子,怎么玩啊?”我们疑惑了。
范老师笑了:“不懂了吧?这在白领中很流行,大家聚在一起,往盒子里放入最想说的话或者一个小秘密,不署名,然后读给大家听,分享彼此内心,这是放松心灵的好办法啊!”⑥三班笑纳了这个魔盒。
与其说是想减压,还不如说是想看范老师的笑话。
范老师把裁好的白纸发给我们,让我们写好想说的话,然后投进盒子。
范老师自己也投了一张。
卡片收齐后,他抱着盒子将卡片摇匀,并用胶带封上了盒子。
“现在上课,下课铃声响,潘多拉盒子就打开。
”范老师说,“不过,有谁开小差,开盒时间就会顺延。
发现一个顺延一天,以此类推。
”啊,这“饭桶”可真狡猾!为了揭晓盒内的秘密,三班上了有史以来最循规蹈矩的一课。
⑦终于,下课了。
范老师叫班长拆开盒子,他递卡片,班长读。
班长接过第一张卡片,大声念道:“我爱你!”教室里笑成了一锅粥。
范老师却平静地对班长说:“继续念!”“我想你!”哈哈哈……笑声把教室都快掀翻了,很多人狡黠地打量老师的表情,但范老师还是很镇定。
高中英语被动语态解说被动语态往常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be +过去分词组成,be 随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例,各样时态的被动语态形式为:1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般此刻时2)has /have been done此刻达成时3)am/is /are being done此刻进行时4)was/were done 一般过去时5)had beendone过去达成时6)was/were being done过去进行时7)shall/will be done/ be going to be done/ be about to be done/be to be to done 一般未来时8)should/would be done ; was/ were going to be done; was/ were aboutto be done; was/ were to be to done过去未来时9)shall/will have been done 未来达成时(少用)10 )should/would have been done过去未来达成时(少用)被动语态的特别构造形式1)带神态动词的被动构造。
其形式为:神态动词+be +过去分词。
2) 有些动词能够有两个宾语,在用于被动构造时,能够把主动构造中的一个宾语变成主语,另一宾语仍旧保存在谓语后边。
往常变成主语的是间接宾语.例:His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构造变成被动语态时,将宾语变成被动结构中的主语,其余不动。
4)在使役动词have, make, get 以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe 等后边不定式作宾语补语时,在主动构造中不定式to 要省略,但为为被动构造时,要加to 。
高中语法解析被动语态的主动转换与修饰被动语态是英语语法中一个重要的概念,它在句子中常常用来强调动作的承受者或者更加客观地描述一个事件。
在高中英语学习阶段,学生需要掌握如何将被动语态转换为主动语态,并学会使用修饰被动语态的适当词组和句型。
本文将解析被动语态的主动转换与修饰的相关知识点。
一、被动语态的主动转换被动语态由“be + 过去分词”构成,可以通过将句子主语变为动词的执行者,即转换为主动语态。
转换的关键在于确定主语和谓语动词的变化形式。
1. 将被动语态的主语变为谓语动词的执行者,作为主动语态的主语。
例如:被动语态:The book was written by him.主动语态:He wrote the book.2. 将被动语态的谓语动词变为相应的主动形式。
例如:被动语态:The cake was eaten by the children.主动语态:The children ate the cake.3. 如果被动语态存在情态动词,需将情态动词放在主动语态中。
例如:被动语态:The letter can be sent tomorrow.主动语态:We can send the letter tomorrow.二、修饰被动语态的适当词组和句型修饰被动语态的适当词组和句型可以帮助我们更准确地表达信息,并提高语言表达的丰富性和流畅度。
以下是常见的修饰被动语态的方式:1. by + 动作执行者:用来强调动作的执行者。
例如:The artwork was created by a famous artist.(被强调的是艺术家)The building was designed by an architect.(被强调的是建筑师)2. with + 表示方式或工具的名词:用来表示动作的具体方式或使用的工具。
例如:The dish was cooked with fresh ingredients.(用新鲜的食材烹饪)The house was built with bricks and mortar.(用砖和水泥建造)3. in + 时间段:用来表示动作发生的时间。