南京大学2021年《大学英语》期末试题A卷及答案

南京大学英语真题答案解析南京大学是中国的一所著名高等学府，其英语入学考试一直备受关注。

在这篇文章中，我们将对南京大学英语真题的答案进行解析，帮助考生更好地理解和应对这些题目。

第一部分：听力理解听力理解是南京大学英语考试的第一部分，重要性不言而喻。

在这部分中，考生需要根据听到的对话和短文，回答相关的选择题。

以下是一道典型的题目：Question: What does the woman suggest the man do first?A. Take a taxi to the hotel.B. Check in at the front desk.C. Reserve a room in advance.D. Order breakfast for tomorrow.答案解析：这道题考察的是考生的听力和推理能力。

在听到对话中，女士建议男士首先做些什么。

根据对话内容，女士提到了“first”，表明她在提出一个优先行动建议。

所以正确答案应为B项，“在前台办理入住手续”。

第二部分：阅读理解阅读理解是南京大学英语考试的重头戏之一。

在这部分中，考生需要阅读一篇短文，并回答相关的选择题。

以下是一道例题：Question: According to the passage, what is the main purpose of summer internships?A. To provide students with real-world work experience.B. To help students earn money during their summer vacation.C. To assist students in finding their future career paths.D. To enable students to take a break from their studies.答案解析：这道题考察的是考生的阅读理解能力。

2021年《大学英语》考试题及答案一、听力理解部分（共30分）1. A类文章听力理解（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）根据所听到的对话和问题，选择正确的答案。

2. B类文章听力理解（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）根据所听到的对话或独白，选择正确的选项完成句子。

3. C类文章听力理解（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）根据所听到的长对话或独白，选择正确的答案。

二、阅读理解部分（共40分）1. 短文理解（共4篇，每篇5分，共20分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案。

2. 长篇理解（共2篇，每篇10分，共20分）阅读下面两篇长篇材料，根据材料内容选择正确答案。

三、完形填空部分（共15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

四、词汇与语法部分（共15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

五、写作部分（共30分）请根据下图所示信息，简要陈述英国和中国中学生的学习压力，并以此为基础结合自身经历谈谈如何减轻学习压力。

词数150-200词。

注意：开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Recently, an investigation was conducted regarding the study pressure on middle school students in both the UK and China. The data collected from the survey indicated some interesting findings.【写作内容】As the chart shows, both UK and Chinese students face significant study pressure. In the UK, 60% of the students reported feeling stressed due to exams and assignments. In contrast, 80% of Chinese students claimed that they experienced high levels of academic pressure.Several reasons contribute to these pressures. Firstly, in China, the Gaokao exam, the national college entrance examination, is known for its overwhelming difficulty and competitiveness. This exam determines a student's future and determines whether they can enter a prestigious university. The immense importance placed on this exam fuels the stress levels of Chinese students.In the UK, the pressure primarily stems from the A-level exams, which also heavily impact university admissions. Additionally, the constant need to maintain high grades for future job prospects creates a sense of anxiety among students.However, there are strategies that can help alleviate study pressure. Firstly, time management plays a crucial role in reducing stress levels. By creating a realistic study schedule and breaking down tasks into smaller, manageable chunks, students can avoid feeling overwhelmed. Prioritizing tasks based on importance and deadlines can also lead to better time management.Moreover, maintaining a balanced lifestyle is essential for overall well-being. Engaging in physical activities, such as sports or yoga, can help release tension and improve concentration. Additionally, taking breaks to relax and engage in hobbies or spending time with friends and family can provide psychological relief.In conclusion, both UK and Chinese students face considerable study pressure, but there are various methods to alleviate this burden. By adopting effective time management techniques and incorporating a balanced lifestyle, students can reduce stress levels and achieve a healthier and more enjoyable learning experience.（文章为示例，非真实的考试题目及答案）。

大学英语（一）行政班级分级班级姓名学号I II III IV V 总分 (请将答案写在答题卡上）得分 PartⅠListening Comprehension (15%) 听力题（共15题,每题1分,共15分） Directions: Thispart is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3 sections. SectionA Directions: There are 5 recorded questions in it. After each question,there is a pause. The question will be spoken only once. A. A testing system. B. A monitor system. C. A measuring system. D.A control system. A. Car prices. B. Car services. C.The company’s business. D. The company’s culture. A. It’s easy todo. B. It’s challenging. C. He can get a high pay. D.He did the same job before. A. She’ll meet a friend. B.She’ll take a flight. C. She’ll attend an interview at 5:. D. She’ll see a doctor before 5:. A. She will report the complaint to the manager.B. The manager refused to talk to the man.C. The manager was on a businesstrip. D. She will deal with the complaint. Section B Directions: Thereare 2 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there are some recorded questions. Both the conversations and questions will be spoken two times. Conversation 1 A. Breakfast. B. Dinner. C. A 5 dollar gift card. D.Bus service to the airport. A. His member card. B. His driving license. C. His credit card. D. His passport. Conversation 2 A. The telephone is out of order. B. The line is busy. C. He is at a meeting.D. He won’t be back until next Monday. A. It has been canceled. B. Itwill arrive on time. C. It has been delayed. D. It will arriveahead of schedule. 1. A. Make an appointment with her. B. Talk withher about a new order. C. Send her an email about the shipment. D.Call her back when receiving the shipment. Section C Directions: You willhear a short passage. The passage is printed in the test paper, but withsome words or phrases missing. The passage will be read two times. Growing up can be hard 11 where crime is common. That is the situation Marco Antonio Aguilar 12 when he started at Garfield High School in Los Angeles, California. The boy hated 1 He says he had the 14 , often missed classesand even got into flights. 15 the teachers that I receiving, knowing thatthey did care about me, the school did really help me, Aguilar recalls.得分 Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (2%) 选择题和填空题（共2题,每题1分,共2分） Directions: This part is to test your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences. It consists of 2 sections. Section A Directions: In this section, there are 1 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word orwords from the 4 choices. 1 I often ______ the cooking for my family, but recently I have been too busy to do it. A. will do B. do C. am doing D.had done 1 Planning so far ahead _____ no sense -- so many things will have changed by next year. A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made 1It was strange _______ she left without saying a word. A. that B.what C. why D. how 1 I have two hobbies. One is fishing, ____ iscooking. A.another B. the other C. else D. other 2. The man toldme that by the end of the week he _______ away from his hometown for 2 years.A. has beenB. will have beenC. is to beD. would have been 2 No sooner _______ than they began to work. A. theyhad arrived B. they would arrive C. had they arrivedD. would they arrive 2 The American Red Cross is one of the volunteerorganizations _______ purpose is to help the sick and the needy. A. itsB. thatC. whoD. whose 2 It is the general manager who makes the_______decisions in business. A. beginning B. finishing C. first D.final 2 The manager showed the new employee _______ to find the supplies.A. whatB. whereC. thatD. which 2 Nothing can prevent him _____learning Chinese painting. A. from B. by C. out D. in Section BDirections: There are 1 incomplete statements here. You should fill in eachblank with the proper form of the word given in the brackets. 2 I likeChinese food very much. It is ________ ( difference/different) fromAmerica. 2 Miller is a(n) ______(/dishonest/honest) person, and we don’t trust him. 2 I am _______(interest/interested) in this movie. I want towatch it again. 2 Don’t open the window, and keep it ______(close/closed)please. 3. Tom had just attended his son’s _______ (graduation/graduate)in Harvard University. 3 I feel like _______ (go/going) to Europe for avisit next summer vacation. 3 _______ (Personal/Personally), I think heis a very nice partner, though you may not agree. 3 Please show me the photos_______ (take/taken) in Tibet. 3 It is easy _______ (say/to say) things,but it’s hard to do them. 3 Many people find telephone interviews______(difficult/more difficult) than face-to-face interviews. 得分 PartⅢ Reading Comprehension (35%)阅读理解题（共2题, 36-45每题2分 46-6每题1分，共35分） Directions: This part is to test your reading ability.There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materialscarefully and do the task as you are instructed. Task 1 Hank Viscardiwas born without legs. He had not legs but stumps (残肢) that could be fittedwith a kind of special boots. People stared at him with cruel interest.Children laughed at him and called him “Ape Man”(猿人) because his armspractically dragged on the ground. Hank went to school like other boys.His grades were good and he needed only eight years to finish his schoolinginstead of the usual twelve. After graduating from school, he worked hisway though college. He swept floors, waited on table, or worked in one ofthe college offices. During all this busy life, he had been moving aroundon his stumps. But one day the doctor told him even the stumps were notgoing to last much longer. He would soon have to use a wheelchair. Hankfelt himself get cold all over. However, the doctor said there was a chancethat he could be fitted with artificial legs (假肢). Finally a leg makerwas found and the day came when Hank stood up before the mirror. For thefirst time he saw himself as he has always wanted to be - a full five feeteight inches tall. By this time he was already 26 years old. Hank hadto learn to use his new legs. Again and again he marched the length of theroom, and marched back again. There were times when he fell down on thefloor, but he pulled himself up and went back to the endless marching. Hewent out on the street. He climbed stairs and learned to dance. He builta boat and learned to sail it. When World War II came, he talked theRed Crossing into giving him a job. He took the regular training. He marchedand drilled along with the other soldiers. Few knew that he was legless.This was the true story of Hank Viscardi, a man without legs. 3 Childrenlaughed at Hank and called him “Ape Man” because _______. A. he didn’t talk to them B. he kept away from them C. his armstouched the ground when he moved D. he couldn’t use his arms 3 It canbe inferred from the story five feet eight inches tall is ________. A.an average height for a fully grown person B. too tall for anaverage person C. too short for an average person D. Noneof the above 3 The sentence “he talked the Red Cross into giving him ajob” implies that the Red Cross _______. A. was only glad to givehim a job B. gave him a job because he was a good soldier C. gave hima job after he talked to someone he knew D. was not willing to givehim a job at first 3 When Hank marched and drilled along with the othersoldiers, he ____. A. did everything the other soldiers did B. did most of the things the other soldiers did C. did some of the thingsthe other soldiers did D. took some special training 4. The writer suggeststhat Hank Viscardi _________. A. had no friends B. never saw himselfas different from others C. was very shy D. was too proud to accepthelp from others Task 2 In the United States, when a person becomes rich,he wants people to know it. And even if he does not become very rich, hewants people to think that he is. That is what “keeping up with the Joneses”is about. It is the story of someone who tried to look as rich as his neighbors. The expression was first used in 1913 by a young Americancalled Arthur Momand. He told this story about himself. He began earning$125 a week at the age of 2 That was a lot of money in those days. He gotmarried and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighborhood outside NewYork City. When he saw that rich people rode horses, Momand wenthorse-riding everyday. When he saw that rich people had servants, Momandand his wife also hired a servant and gave big parties for their new neighbors. It was like a race, but one could never finish this racebecause one was always trying to keep up. The race ended for Momand andhis wife when they could no longer pay for their new way of life. They movedback to an apartment in New York City. Momand looked around him andnoticed that many people do things just to keep up with rich lifestyle oftheir neighbors. He saw the funny side of it and started to write a seriesof short stories. He called it “Keeping up with the Joneses” because “Jones” is a very common name in the Untie States. “Keep up with theJoneses” came to mean keeping up with the rich lifestyle of the peoplearound you. Momand’s series appeared in different newspapers across thecountry for over 28 years. People never seem to get tried of keepingup with the Joneses. And there are “Joneses” in every city of the world.But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because nomatter what one does, Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead. 4 Some peoplewant to keep up with the Joneses because they _____. A. want to be asrich as their neighbors B. want others to know or to think that theyare rich C. don’t want others to know they are rich D. want to behappy 4 It can be inferred from the story that rich people like to _____.A. live outside New York CityB. live in New York CityC. live in apartmentsD. have many neighbors 4 The underlined word“ neighborhood” in Para.2 means ________. A. a person who lives nearanother B. people living in an area C. an area near the placereferred to D. an area in another town or city 4 Arthur Momand usedthe name “Jones” in his series of short stories because “Jones” is__________. A. an important name B. a popular name in the UnitedStates C. his neighbor’s name D. not a good name 4 According tothe writer, it is _____ to keep up with the Joneses. A. correct B. interesting C. impossible D. good Task 3 Directions: The following is a passage. After reading it, you are required to complete theoutline below it. You should write your answers (in no more than 3 words) briefly. Freezing can keep food fresh and safe to eat. Freezing lowersthe food temperature below zero degree Celsius(摄氏). The simplest way toprepare fruits is to cut them up and place them in a container inside the freezer, in some cases it is better to permit the fruit to freeze beforeputting it in the container. This will keep it from sticking to the container. This is called the “dry pack” method. The second way is the“wet pack” method. The fruit is prepared along with some of its liquidor juice. You can add some sugar to fruits that are naturally juicy. Thesugar sweetens the fruit and brings out its natural juice. Once foods havebeen unfrozen, they should not be frozen again. There is a danger of food poisoning if food is frozen more than once. Approaches to food preservation Advantages of freezing: keep food 46 to eat lower thefood temperature below 47 Ways of freezing fruit: The first methodis 48 . The other is 49 . Cautions about freezing: once foodshave been unfrozen, they should not 5 . Task 4 Directions:The following is a list of airport terms. After reading it, you are requiredto find the Chinese equivalents in the table below. A— knowledge workB— overall job growth rate C— corporate strategy D— outsource E— cloud computing F— construction of senior communities G— assisted– living facilities H— by some counts I— clean – energy projects J —capping carbon emission K—Earth ship L—Heating control Example: (K) 地球之船(L) 暖气控制 5 ( ) 限制碳排放5（）清洁能源项目 5 ( ) 在某种意义上 5（）生活辅助设施 5 ( ) 老年社区建设 5（）云集计算 5 ( ) 服务外包 5（）企业发展战略 5 ( ) 总的工作增长率 6.（）知识型工作得分 Part Ⅳ Translation (15%) 翻译题（共5题,每题3分 ,共15分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 6 He cutsthrough a forest to get to school. 6 Science has brought about many changesin our lives. 6 The members agree to modify the policy of recruiting new members. 6 Most of the big cities in the world suffer from traffic jam.6 Millions of people in Africa every year struggle for food. 得分 PartⅤ Writing (15%) 写作题（共1题,每题15分，共15分） Directions: This partis to test your ability to do practical writing. You are required to writea letter according to the instructions given in Chinese below. 假设你是李浩，昨天下午你的朋友李铭来北京出差，并来看望你。

一. 语法（共10题,共40分）1. —I'm sorry to keep you waiting.—Oh, not at all. I ______ here only a few minutes. （4分）A.have beenB.had beenC.wasD.will be★标准答案：A2. In come parts of the world, tea ________ with milk and sugar. （4分）A.is servedB.is servingC.servesD.served★标准答案：A3. —Is ______ here?—No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave. （4分）A.everybodyB.anybodyC.somebodyD.nobody★标准答案：A4. It was ________ many centuries later that the ancient Greeks placed the science of map-making on a sound footing. （4分）A.notB.untilC.not untilD.until not★标准答案：C5. It`s hard ________ a job . （4分）A.to look forB.to findC.to find outD.to look at★标准答案：B6. It’s reported that by the end of last month the sale of the company ______ by 10% （4分）A.had risenB.has risenC.had been risingD.has been rising★标准答案：A7. It's nearly seven o'clock. Jack ________ be here at any moment. （4分）A.shouldB.mustC.needD.can★标准答案：A8. Jane wasn’s in when Jack came,was she? ________. （4分）A.No,she wasn’tB.No,she wasC.Yes,she wasD.Yes,she wasn’s★标准答案：A9. Jim is an American，________ he can speak very good Chinese．（4分）A.ifB.soC.butD.because★标准答案：C10. －l had a really good weekend at my uncle's. －_________. （4分）A.Oh. I'm glad to hear thatB.Oh. that's very nice of youC.I,m going to the post officeD.It's a pleasure★标准答案：A二. 词汇（共7题,共28分）1. There is not enough _____________ in the corner to put the table. （4分）A.placeB.roomC.floorD.ground★标准答案：B2. These coats are different _______size．（4分）A.fromB.ofC.toD.in★标准答案：D3. They were all very tired,but ________ of them would stop to take a rest. （4分）A.noneB.anyC.someD.neither★标准答案：A4. This book _______ many subjects. （4分）A.embracesB.exceptC.balanceD.notice★标准答案：A5. This morning I went to work in such a hurry that _____ the key to my office at home. （4分）A.forgotB.leftC.missedD.lost★标准答案：B6. We have to ask them to ______ talking in order that all people present could hear us clearly. （4分）A.decreaseB.quitC.continueD.keep★标准答案：B。

一. 语法（共10题,共40分）1. I ______ my homework when Mike came last night. （4分）A.doB.was doingC.am doingD.have done★标准答案：B2. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she ______ , she would have met my brother. （4分）A.had comeB.has comeC.did comeD.came★标准答案：A3. I have _______ to do． Please give me ______to read．（4分）A.something,anythingB.nothing,somethingC.nothing, everythingD.anything, nothing★标准答案：B4. I want ______ these books to the classroom．Can you help me？（4分）A.takeB.tookC.takingD.to take★标准答案：D5. I will tell them the news as soon as they _______ back. （4分）A.cameeC.will comeD.are coming★标准答案：A6. I`ll be away on holiday. Would you mind looking after my cat ?Not at all. ________. （4分）A.have no timeB.I`d rather notC.You can leaveD.I`d be happy to★标准答案：D7. If I had _______, I'd visit Europe,stopping at all the small interesting places. （4分）A.a long enough holidayB.an enough long holidayC.a holiday enough longD.a long holiday enough★标准答案：A8. If no one ________ the phone at home, ring me at work. （4分）A.answersB.returnsC.repliesD.receives★标准答案：A9. If there is no one _______ him with the preparation, he will have to put off the meeting. （4分）A.to helpB.helpC.helpsD.helped★标准答案：A10. I'm sorry I'm late . There is ________ with my bike . （4分）A.anything wrongB.something wrongC.wrong anythingD.wrong something★标准答案：B二. 词汇（共7题,共28分）1. Many I ______your bike?Sorry. I ______it to Mary yesterday. （4分）A.keep; borrowedB.borrow; repairede; lentD.lend; returned★标准答案：C2. Oh, I’ve left my schoolbag in the classroom.Don’t worry, I’ll ___it for you. （4分）A.getB.carryC.bringD.take★标准答案：A3. Plastics can’t ______ steel completely. （4分）A.take the place ofB.insteadC.instead ofD.take place★标准答案：A4. The ______ facts he provided in his speech left a deep impression on his audience （4分）A.strongB.entireC.reliableD.hard★标准答案：C5. The _______ price of a ticket for an adult is $230. （4分）A.ordinaryB.popularC.fairD.medium★标准答案：A6. The bag is too _______．I can't put the pencil -box in．（4分）A.heavyB.fullC.lightD.empty★标准答案：B7. The high-speed trains can have a major _____ on travel preferences. （4分）A.forceB.impactC.surpriseD.power★标准答案：B三. 阅读理解（共2题,共32分）1. I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phonerang.It was an eccentric(怪僻的)farmer. I had never met him before although I had often heard people talk about him. He sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so before I understood anything. Even then all I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident.I hadn't the slightest idea who she was but I obviously had to go .It had been snowing heavily that day and I didn't know the way.I had been driving for at least an hour when I finally found his place. He was standing there,waiting for me. It seemed Milly had died."She meant more to me than anyone…even my own wife!" he said. I could see that he had been crying. I thought something terrible had taken place, a possible scandal(丑闻). I was even more shocked when he told me he had put her in the barn(厩)."I wouldn't leave her out in the cold!" he said.Milly had clearly been a secret lover of his. I was about to tell him he could not expect me to cover anything up when he opened the barn door .He lifted his candle and I saw a dark figure on the ground." She was such a good cow!I wouldn't let anyone but a doctor touch her!" he said, and burst into tears again. （16分）（答题时限：00:01:00）(1) The underlined phrase make out in the first paragraph means ______. （4分）A.understandB.expectC.see clearlyD.hear clearly★标准答案：A(2) Before he arrived at the farmer's house, the writer expected to see Milly lying ______. （4分）A.in bed in a roomB.on the ground of a barnC.on the floor of a room.D.in bed in a barn★标准答案：A(3) What do we know about Milly from he story? （4分）A.She had met with an accident.B.She had caused a scandalC.She was seriously ill.D.She was hidden somewhere.★标准答案：A(4) The farmer wished that the writer might ______. （4分）A.bring Milly back to lifeB.look into the matterC.free him from a scandalD.keep the whole thing a secret★标准答案：A2. America is growing older. Fifty years ago, only 4 out of every 100 people in the United States were 65 or older. Today, 10 out of every 100 Americans are over 65. The aging of the population will affect （影响）American society in many ways — education, medicine, andbusiness.Quietly, the graying of America has made us a very different society— one in which people have a quite different idea of what kind of behavior （行为）is suitable （合适） at various ages. A person's age no longer tells you anything about his/her social position, marriage or health.There's no longer a particular year in which one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or starts a family. The social clock that kept us on time and told us when to go to school,get a job,or stop working isn't as strong as it used to be.It doesn't surprise us to hear of a 29-year-old university president or a 35-year-old grandmother, or a 70-year-old man who has become a father for the first time. Public ideas are changing. Many people say, 'I am much younger than my mother - or myfather - was at my age.' No one says ‘Act your age’ anymore. We've stopped looking with surprise at older people who act in youthful ways. （16分）（答题时限：00:01:00）(1) It can be learnt from the text that the aging of the population in America ______. （4分）A.has changed people's understanding of ageB.has made people feel youngerC.has changed people's social positionD.has slowed down the country's social development★标准答案：A(2) The underlined word ‘one’ refers to ______. （4分）A.a societyB.AmericaC.a placeD.population★标准答案：A(3) ‘Act your age’ means people shou ld ______. （4分）A.do the right thing at the right ageB.be active when they are oldC.show respect for their parents young or oldD.take more physical exercise suitable to their age★标准答案：A(4) If a 25-year-old man becomes general manager of a big firm, the writer of the text would most probably consider it ______. （4分）A.normalB.wonderfulC.unbelievableD.unreasonable ★标准答案：A。

2017年大学英语大一期末考试试题及答案I.Dictation (15%)II.Cloze Test (15%)--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 感谢使用本套资料，希望本套资料能带给您一些思维上的灵感和帮助，个人建议您可根据实际情况对内容做适当修改和调整，以符合您自己的风格，不太建议完全照抄照搬哦。

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Passage 1 (5%)Even (1)___________ harmless falsehoods can have(2)____________ consequences. Philosopher Sissela Bok(3)____________ us that they can put us on a (4)_____________ slope. “After the first lie, others can come more (5)__________,”she wrote in her book Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life. “Psychological barriers (6)_____________ down; the ability to make more (7)____________ can coarsen; the liar’s(8)_____________ of his chances of (9)___________ caught may (10)____________.”Passage 2 (10%)We all know that a magician does not really depend on "magic" to perform his tricks, but (1)_____ his ability to act at great speed. (2)______, this does not prevent us from enjoying watching a magician (3)______rabbits from a hat. (4)______ the greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini who died in 1926. Houdini mastered the art of (5)______. He could free himself from the tight test knots or the most complicated locks in seconds. (6)______ no one really knows how he did this, there is no doubt (7)______ he had made a close study of every type of lock ever invented. He liked to carry a small steel needle like tool strapped to his leg and he used this in (8)______ of a key.Houdini once asked the Chicago police to lock him in prison. They (9)______ him in chains and locked him up, but he freed himself (10)______ an instant. The police (11)______ him of having used a tool and locked him up again . This time he wore (12)_____ clothes and there were chains round his neck, waist, wrists, and legs; but he again escaped in a few minutes. Houdini had probably hidden his "needle" in a wax like (13)______ and dropped it on the floor in the passage. (14)______ he went past, he stepped on it so that it stuck to the bottom of his foot. His most famous escape, however, was (15)______ astonishing. He was heavily chained up and enclosed in an empty wooden chest, the lid of (16)______ was nailed down. The (17)______ was dropped into the sea in New York harbor. In one minute Houdini had swum to the surface. When the chest was (18)______, it was opened and the chains were found inside.In 1912, Houdini introduced perhaps his most famous (19)______, the Chinese Water Torture Cell, in which he was suspended upside-down in a locked glass-and-steel cabinet overflowing with water. The act required that Houdini (20)_____ his breath for more than three minutes. Houdini performed the escape for the rest of his career.1. A. to B. for C. on D. with2. A. Generally B. However C. Possibly D. Likewise3.A. to produce B. who produces C. produce D. how to produce4. A. Out of the question B. Though C. Probably D. Undoubted5. A. escaping B. locking C. opening D. dropping6. A. Surprisingly B. Obviously C. Perhaps D. Although7. A. if B. whether C. as to D. that8. A. place B. stead C. substitution D. case9. A. involved B. closed C. connected D. bound10. A. at B. by C. in D. for11. A. rid B. charged C. accused D. deprived12. A. no B. heavy C. little D. thin13. A. candle B. mud C. something D. substance14. A. As B. Usually C. Maybe D. Then15. A. overall B. all but C. no longer D. altogether16. A. it B. which C. that D. him17. A. chest B. body C. lid D. chain18. A. brought up B. sunk C. broken apart D. snapped19. A. acting B. action C. act D. acts20. A. was to hold B. hold C. holding D. heldIII.Paraphrase (10%)1.When others were complimenting him on the new invention, the boss decided to take him down a peg by pointing out that the success was the result of collective effort.2.It dawned on her that Susan had told the lie to spare herfeelings.3.It will certainly put a damper on your spring festival if you flunk your test this time.4.The researchers went out of their way to find information pertinent to this new environmental trend.5.I finally brought it home to my wife that I have never entertained the notion of spending my holiday in the packed casinos in Macau.IV.Sentence Rewriting (5%)1. Though it is an imperfect idea, it is the best we have and it is the work of the reason. (…as…)2. He has never thought that he would become the leading actor in the play. (occur)3. It was rather a monologue than an argument.(so much…as)4. In order that I can get the ammunition I need to make a complaint, I keep a special file for warranty cards and appliance guarantees. (so as to)5. You have finished your assignment. You may play computer games. (Now that)V. Translation (20%)1.从某种意义上来说，产出应该和投入成正比。

南京大学英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The book you gave me is ________ interesting one.A. aB. anC. theD. /2. She is ________ honest girl.A. aB. anC. theD. /3. There is ________ "u" and ________ "s" in the word "useful."A. a; anB. an; aC. a; aD. an; an4. ________ of the students in our class are from the countryside.A. Three fifthB. Three fifthsC. Three fifthD. Three fifths5. The teacher asked us ________ the book.A. not to readB. to not readC. not readD. don't read二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）6. The ________ (begin) of the story is very exciting.7. There are many ________ (different) between the two pictures.8. The weather in Beijing is ________ (change) than that in Shanghai.9. She is ________ (tall) than any other girl in her class.10. The population of China is larger than ________ (that) of any other country in Asia.三、阅读理解（每题3分，共30分）阅读下面的短文，然后回答11-20题。

2021届南京大学附属中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you truly want to live, you need to get out and see the world. Traveling and living different adventures may become your favorite lifestyle. Here is a brief introduction about the top three destinations to visit in the world. ParisFirst on the list is Paris, France. For some people, this shouldn’t be a surprise. For others, they might consider Paris overrated as it has a reputation for being dirty. Any major city in the world might be thought to be dirty by anyone not living in a city. It comes with the territory. The reason Paris is at the top of this list is not because of its famous attractions but because of its charm. You can spend the day walking around cobblestone streets and enjoy elegant cafes and high-end shopping. When you finish satisfying your appetite, you can relax on the banks of the Seine River.Glacier National ParkGlacier National Park comes in second on the list. It is located in Montana, America. It will be well worth the effort thanks to snow-capped mountains, crystal blue lakes, seventy miles of hiking trails, and thirteen camping areas. If you visit during the summer, you can go swimming or white-water rafting. If you visit during the winter, you can go skiing or snowshoeing. But the real allure (诱惑力) and what you will always remember is the breathtaking scenery and fresh mountain air.Bora BoraThe reason Bora Bora is the third on this list is that it’s expensive, which could limit your other travel plans. If you do make it to this small island paradise, you will find peaceful beaches, jungles, luxury accommodations, turquoise water, and some of the friendliest people you have ever met.Other vacation destinations that should be on your list if you’re living the adventurous lifestyle include London, the South Island of New Zealand, Maui, Tahiti, Tokyo, Barcelona and New York City.1. Tourists can ______ to appreciate the charm of Paris.A. enjoy crystal blue lakesB. visit its famous attractionsC. take a walk around cobblestone streetsD. meet the friendliest people you have ever met2. Which of the following points in Glacier National Park will really attract tourists?A. peaceful beaches.B. White-water rafting.C. Snow-capped mountains.D. Fresh mountain air.3. What’s the purpose of this passage?A. to introduce the top three destinations.B. to compare the top three destinations.C. to encourage people to live an adventurous lifestyle.D. to analyze the good and bad points of the three destinationsBJIANLI, Hubei Province, June 2 (Xinhua) — A cruise ship carrying more than 450 people sank in the Yangtze River overnight, which could be China’s worst sinking disaster in decades. As of 6 p.m. Tuesday, 14 peoplehad been rescued from the capsized vessel, with five others confirmed dead. The rest are still missing, although rescuers said there could be more survivors. Strong winds and heavy rain are hampering rescue efforts.The Eastern Star sank in only 15 meters of water “within one or two minutes” of being caught in freak weather in Jianli, according to the ship’s captain and chief engineer who survived the incident. The ship left the eastern Chinese city ofNanjingon May 28 bound forChongqingMunicipality.The ship was carrying 403 passengers, five tour guides, and 46 crew, rather than the previously reported 47. Most passengers were tourists fromShanghaiand its neighboringprovinceofJiangsu, aged between 3 and 83, with most in their 60s and 70s.The 76.5-meter-long and 11-meter-wide vessel has been in service for nearly 20 years and can carry up to 534 people. It is owned by Chongqing Dongfang Shipping. Waterway officials said they have no record of the company being involved in any previous sinking incidents.According to weather forecast, most of the Yangtze basin will be subject to downpours over the next 10 days, with heavy rain expected in the area where the search is underway.Police, waterway authorities and fire departments have sent more than 150 boats and over 4,000 personnel to the scene. The Chinese Navy has sent diving forces to search for the missing. The team is composed of soldiers from the navy’s fleets in the North Sea, East China Sea, andSouth China Sea, as well as students of the NavalUniversity of Engineering. In addition, five helicopters were dispatched fromBeijingandHubei’s provincial capital ofWuhanon Tuesday morning, along with an IL-76 transport plane.4. We can infer from the text that ________.A. the incident was very suddenB. the weather benefited the rescueC. the ship had bad safety recordsD. the ship’s captain was drowned5. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the Eastern Star?A. It was overloaded.B. It’s been launched recently.C. It had 454 people on board.D. Its owner met similar incidents.6. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?A. How people came to the rescue.B. Why the rescue was quite difficult.C. What the rescue force consisted of.D. How the rescue operation went on.7. The author’s purpose of writing the text is most likely to ________.A. informB. explainC. describeD. entertainCCanadaIs Our NeighbourCanada and the United States are neighbours.They are on the same land.They share the same long boundary(国界).These two nations are similar in many ways.Canada buys many goods from the United States.Cars and clothes are two examples.The United States also buys goods from Canada.Much of the paper used in the United States comes from Canada.Some of the oilweuse comes from Canada,too.Americans travel toCanadaon holiday.And Canadians often visit the United States.It is easy for the people of one country to go to the other country.Canadians read about the United States in newspapers and magazines.Many Americans watch Canadian baseball and hockey (曲棍球)matches on Sundays.However,there are important differences between theUnited Statesand Canada.The United States has more people.Because the population is smaller,there are more open places in Canada.There is much unused land.This is another important difference.8.Canadabuys from theUnited States.A.oil and paperB.nothingC.many thingsD.everything9.In the first paragraph “we” means ________.A.CanadiansB.AmericansC.ChineseD.students10.The people in theUnited Stateslike Canadian ________.A.baseballB.basketballC.newspapersD.oil11.Which of the following statements is WRONG?A.Canada has less people than theUSA.B.Canada has not used all the land.C.Canada is connected withAmerica.D.Canadians don’t like hockey.DJack was 11 months old in the spring of 2015 when his parents, Erika and Christopher, recognized his development was not progressing as it should. The feeling was familiar to the couple. Just a few months earlier, Jack’s brother Chase, who is 16 months older, had been diagnosed with autism(自闭症) after he did not reach motion and language standards as expected.Jack’s behaviors were similarly delayed, and his parents moved quickly to seek help. Today, Jack is 5 — he celebrated his birthday on May 13 — and he can speak in full sentences and read. After two years at a preschool that specializes in services for children with developmental disabilities, he will start kindergarten in theSmithtownschool district in September. “Our family’s experience is a good example of the power and effectiveness of early intervention. The services our boys have received made all the difference,” the parents said.According to scientists, autism can be detected at 18 months or younger, and by age 2 a diagnosis can be considered “very reliable.” The parents said they were happy with Chase’s success at the learning center, but still had concerns for Jack because he was not speaking. Developing social and communication skills can be among the greatest challenge for individuals with autism, even if they are able to say a few words early on. “We didn’t know ifhe was ever going to talk,” Erika said. “That was my biggest fear. We just didn’t know.”Looking ahead, the parents are cautiously optimistic about Jack’s next educational move. He doesn’t handle change well, they said, and he likes to know his routine. Still, they expressed confidence that his time at the learning center has given him the skills he needs to be successful.12. How did Jack’s parents know he suffered from autism?A. They found the baby clever.B. They judged by their experience.C. They found he didn’t develop.D. They checked on him in the hospital.13. What did the parents think of the early intervention?A. It made no difference to the babies.B. It benefitted the babies greatly.C. It got their babies more disabled.D. It helped their babies speak fluently.14. What can we learn from the third paragraph?A. Autism can be confirmed at 18 months old.B. Jack’s parents were confident about his motor skills.C. Chase’s parents were doubtful about his developmentD. Jack’s parents worried about his language skills most.15. What is the text mainly talking about?A. Autism can be curedif parents take actions early.B. Parents should be confident about their children’s future.C. Early intervention in autism could improve children’s life.D. Communication skills should be developed as early as possible.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021届南京大学附属中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ACharlie Thorne and the Last Equationby Stuart GibbsThe CIA is on a task to find an equation (方程式) called Pandora, which could destroy the world if the wrong people get it. For help, they turn to Charlie, a 12-year-old girl who's as smart as Albert Einstein. People who like action-packed mysteries will enjoy reading this exciting book.AstroNutsby Jon Scieszka and Steven WeinbergIn AstroNuts, the Earth has been destroyed by humans for thousands of years. Four animals set out from Mount Rushmore, the headquarters (总部) of NNASA. Their task is to find a new planet fit for human life. Finally, they discover one: Plant Planet. The story's theme (主题) is simple: Don't harm the planet. Readers who love fantasy will enjoy AstroNuts.Stargazingby Jen WangChristine hears that Moon, who's new in town, is the kind of kid who beats people up for fun. But Moon and her mum come to live with Christine's family, and the two kids become best friends. Moon even shares a big secret with Christine. Stargazing is based on author Jen Wang's experiences as a child. The story is about the power of friendship and how people are able to change.Roll with Itby Jamie SumnerRoll with It is a story about a 12-year-old girl named Ellie. She has difficulty walking on her own and uses a wheelchair. When Ellie and her mum move to another state to take care of Ellie's grandpa, she must learn to navigate (处理) a new school and new friendships. This page-turner is a must-read for everyone. It's a heartwarming story that really shows the value of familyand how being different is special.1. Which book tells readers to protect the place we live in?A.AstroNutsB.Stargazing.C.Roll with It.D.Charlie Thorne and the Last Equation.2. What makes Stargazing different from the other three books?A. It talks about friendship.B. It tells stories about animals.C. It contains lots of scientific knowledge.D. It was written according to the author's experiences.3. What happened to Ellie?A. She had difficulty in making friends.B. She had an accident which left her in a wheelchair.C. She went to a new school and had to start all over again.D. She lost her mum and was taken care of by her grandpa.BImagine turning on the GPS and seeing an image of your car from above. As the car drives, the map follows along in real time, alarming you to any traffic, pedestrians,animals, or other things nearby. Routes and names of roads appear over the live stream. It's like the map has come to life.This type of map isn't available yet. But it could be soon. In 2014, the Worldview-3 satellites was launched into space. Even though it orbits Earth at more than 370 miles（600 km）away, it can capture images of objects on Earth that are just 10 inches（25cm）across.Peeringall the way from outer space, it can make out a smartphone held in your hand. It can tell what types of cars are traveling down a road. But it can't identify your face or read the cars' license plate numbers . . . at least not openly.According to some reports, this satellite and other US spy satellites have the technology to take even sharper images, with a resolution（分辨率）of up to around 4 inches（10cm）. ButUS law forbids making these super-sharp pictures public, to prevent enemies from using them. But the idea that anybody might be able to spy on the entire Earth in such detail may seem horrible. Live, high-detail satellite mapping could possibly be used to monitor anybody at any time. Ray Purdy of University College London told CNN that he is concerned about what this could mean for privacy. Most satellites are commercially owned, so if you have money you can buy that imagery. “It means anyone can spy on anyone,” he said.At the same time, live, detailed maps of Earth's surface could be useful in amazing ways. Live maps of adisaster area could quickly discover people in need of rescue as well as the safest routes in or out. Satellite images are already helping catch illegal logging and fishing operations. Higher detail may make it possible to catch other criminals in the act. The images could also make it easier for farmers to watch over their crops.What do you think? Do you wish everyone could access high-detail live maps of Earth's surface?4. What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 mean?A. SeeingB. StandingC. WalkingD. Hearing5. Why does US law forbid making super-sharp pictures public?A. to protect the technology.B. for the sake of safety.C. to protect the environment.D. to threat other countries.6. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?A. This super-sharp map hasn't been put into market.B. Worldview-3 satellites orbits the Earth at 370 km away.C. Personal privacy is safely protected if you use the super-sharp map.D. The super-sharp map should be completely forbidden.7. How is this technology used in agriculture?A. It can help improve the production of crops.B. It can help kill pests.C. It can help farmer to watch over their crops from far away.D. It can help increase farm land.CA teenager in Georgia will no longer have to walk 7 miles to work after school thanks to one woman’s act of kindness.Jayden Sutton, a high school senior, went on foot each day from school to his job at a restaurant and then back home. Sutton was determined to work and make enough money to eventually buy his own vehicle.Sutton said he’d leave school at 3:30 pm, then walk miles to his job at the restaurant. After his work, which usually lasted six to eight hours, he walked home, sometimes not arriving back until almost midnight.That all changed when Myers saw him walking down the road in the rain in December. “The young man was insistently in a rush walking to work, saying ‘I can’t be late,’” Myers said. “He begged me to give him a ride. I told him I could take him as far as I was going. I began to create small talk along the way. It wasrevealedto me that his name was Jayden, 12th grader, worked 40 hours a week, walked 5 miles to work immediately after school, got offat 10:30 pm at night and walked back home another 5 miles if co-workers didn’t offer a ride.”After dropping Sutton off, Myers said his heart and determination filled her with tears. “He was smiling in good spirits and that’s a child worth blessing,” she told Fox News. So, Myers shared Sutton’s story on the GoFundMe page, which raised more than $ 9, 000 from 186 donors.She surprised Sutton with a new car after she managed to convince the general manager to drop the price of the vehicle to meet the budget.8. Why did Sutton work so hard in his spare time?A. To gain working experience.B. To pay for his education.C. To own a car.D. To support his family.9. What difficulty did Sutton have in his work at the restaurant?A. He worked longer than other workers.B. His work was too tiring.C. His job was much less paid.D. He had to walk to work.10. What does the underlined word “revealed” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Known.B. Attached.C. Believed.D. Limited.11. What do we know about the money donated online?A. It could buy more than a new car.B. It was not enough to buy a new car.C. It was given to Myers to buy herself a new car.D It mainly came from a car sales manager.DAt Aizo Chuo Hospital in Japan, employees greet newcomers, guide patients to and from the surgery area, and print out maps of the hospital for confused visitors. They don’t take lunch breaks or even get paid. Why? They’re robots!Robots have long worked in factories, helping to build cars and electronic appliances. But today’s robots don’t just do the jobs of people－they actually look and act a lot like people.Kansei, arobot from Japan, has a plastic face covering 19 movable parts. The robot can make 36 facial expressions in response to different words. Kansei shakes in fear at the word “war” and smiles when it hears the word “dinner”.Researchers in Europe are going even further with iCub, a “baby” robot. They are teaching it to speak and hold conversations.The ability to interact is crucial for robots that will one day work closely with humans says robotics professor ChrisAtkeson. “ This will require robots to understand what you say and how you are feeling and respond with appropriate emotions, ” he told WR News.Japanese scientist Minoru Asada agrees. He is building a robot called CB2 that acts like a real baby. “ Right now, it only goes, ̒Ah, ah. ̓But as we develop its learning function, it will start saying more complex sentences and moving on its own, ” Asada says. “ Next-generation robots need to be able to learn and develop by themselves.”Intelligent robot will become more important in the future, as populations age and the number of human workers declines in many countries. “ We’re going to have many more old people and not enough young people to care for them,” says robot researcher Matthew Mason. “ Technology can help the old people live at home longer, instead of going to nursing homes.”12. According to the passage, what jobs have robots already performed?A. Giving advice, answering customer questions and planning events.B. Producing factory goods, building cars and greeting customers.C. Greeting customers, producing factory goods and performing surgery.D. Building cars, driving passengers and providing directions.13. The second paragraph in this passage is mainly about?A. To explain how a robot works.B. To define what a robot is.C. To describe the functions of modern robots.D. To predict the future uses of robots.14. How does the Kansei robot react on the word “fire”?A. Use languages to warn nearby humans.B Back up its memory files.C. Activate an automatic fire alarm.D. Produce a worried look on his face.15. In Asada’s opinion, the next step for robots will be to develop_______.A. the ability to learn independentlyB. the ability to understand human commandsC. the capacity to interact with humansD. the willingness to work together第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

一. 语法（共10题,共40分）1. Most of the children enjoy _______ computer games. （4分）A.playB.playingC.playedD.to play★标准答案：B2. Mother said to Mike," I hope you ________ what I ________ you to buy?" （4分）A.didn`t forgot; toldB.don`t forget; tellC.won`t forget; have toldD.haven`t forgotten; will tell★标准答案：C3. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill ,especially ________ Father was away in France. （4分）A.asB.thatC.duringD.if★标准答案：A4. Mr. Smith ________ here since the factory opened . （4分）A.has goneB.has comeC.has beenD.has arrived★标准答案：C5. Paul doesn't have to be made ______.He always works hard. （4分）A.to learnB.learnC.learnedD.learning★标准答案：A6. Peter ________ come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet. （4分）A.mayB.mustC.canD.will★标准答案：A7. Please _______ for me under that big tree．（4分）A.waitB.waitsC.waitedD.waiting★标准答案：A8. Please pass me ________ . （4分）A.two glass of waterB.two glasses of watersC.two glasses of waterD.two glass water★标准答案：C9. Professor White has written some short stories,but he is _______ known for his plays. （4分）A.the bestB.moreC.betterD.the most★标准答案：C10. Sarah has read lots of stories by _____ American writers. Now she would like to read stories by writers from ______ countries. （4分）A.some; anyB.other; someC.some; otherD.other;other★标准答案：C二. 词汇（共7题,共28分）1. After the president made an officeal announcement ,she expressed her______ opinion. （4分）A.personalB.privateC.singleD.indivedual★标准答案：A2. Alice laid her baby on the sofa _______ and wrapped it with a blanket. （4分）A.silentlyB.tenderlyC.friendlyfortably★标准答案：B3. I don't like this sweater. Please ______ me another. （4分）A.showB.tryC.putD.look★标准答案：A4. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ________. （4分）A.thoseB.itC.themD.one★标准答案：D5. Although the working mother is very busy.she still _____ a lot of time to her children. （4分）A.devotesB.spendsC.offersD.provides★标准答案：A6. Don't all speak at once!______ , please. （4分）A.One at a timeB.Each at one timeC.One by one timeD.One for each time★标准答案：A7. Fred is second to mone in maths in our class ,but beliveve it or not ,he ______passed the last exam. （4分）A.easilyB.hardlyC.actuallyD.successfully★标准答案：B三. 阅读理解（共2题,共32分）1. Hugh Troy,a well-known artist, was a very interesting and clever person who spent most of his life playing tricks for the joy of it. One winter in the 1920s,while a student at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, Troy got hold of a very old and ugly wastebasket with a real rhinoceros(犀牛)foot as its base.He filled it with metal weights and tied 30 feet of clothes-line to either side. Late one night he and a friend caried it out onto campus (校园),pulling the lines straight between them. Every few feet they would lower it into the snow, their own footprints so far away as to raise no suspicions(怀疑). The next morning someone noticed the prints and invited learned professors to come and have a look. Excitedly,they followed the rhinoceros tracks.Then they were led onto the ice covering Beeb Lake,which connected to where the school got its drinking water. There the tracks ended in a huge hole. It was said that half the population of Cornell stopped drinking tap water.Those who continued to drink it insisted that it tasted like rhinoceros. （16分）（答题时限：00:01:00）(1) What was Troy doing when the story began? （4分）A.He was studying in the university.B.He was working as an artist.C.He was examining a rhinoceros foot.D.He was doing rhinoceros experiments.★标准答案：A。

2021年南京大学附属中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASome young people win attention because of their good looks or their singing ability. A much smaller number gain fame because they have done something important and worthwhile with their abilities. Rishab Jain is among the latter. In 2018, 13-year-oldRishab developed a way to use AI technology to help pancreatic(胰腺的) cancer patients and won the3MYoung Scientist Challenge, a nationwide middle-school science competition, and its $25,000 prize.In the last stage of the contest, Rishab competed againstnine other finalists at the 3M Innovation Center(创新中心) in St.Paul,Minnesota. Leading up to the big meet, each finalist had partnered with a scientist to further develop their inventions.Rishab explains what led him to create his invention. First,a family friend died of cancer. Then Rishab learned about how deadly pancreatic cancer is, and that its low survival rate is due to how difficult it is to treat. "I'm also into programming, so I was learning about AI technology. I decided to try to solve a real-world problem using it."His winnings have been put in further research and in his nonprofit Samyak Science Society, which helps poor children enter the STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) education. Rishab is also raising awareness about pancreatic cancer. These efforts make him quite different from teenagers of his age. Considering becoming a biomedical engineer or a doctor一or both, he has also put some money aside to further his own learning. Almost certainly the doors of higher education will open wide to him before he even knocks.That's an outstanding outlook for one so young. Rashib is committed to helping very sick people in need. He is also providing teenagers of his age with a much-needed model of what kinds of things youth can achieve.1. What can we learn about the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2018?A. It was intended to solve medical problems.B. It was a nationwide AI competition for teenagers.C. It offered the finalists an opportunity to work with scientists.D. It allowed the finalists to learn AI technology in the 3M center.2. How did Rishab win the 3M Young Scientist Challenge?A.He showed excellent programming ability.B. He figured out the survival rate of pancreatic cancer.C. He introduced poor children to STEM education.D. He applied AI technology to treating pancreatic cancer.3. Which of the following best describes Rishab?A. Talented and caring.B. Independent and humorous.C. Responsible and patient.D. Polite and inspiring.BI had very good parents. My mother came toAmericafromScotlandby herself when she was 11, and she didn’t have much education. My dad was kind of a street kid, and he eventually went into the insurance business, selling nickel policies door to door.One day, my dad asked his boss, “What's the toughest market to sell?” and the insurance guy replied “Well, black people. They don’t buy insurance.” My dad thought, but they have kids; they have families. Why wouldn’t they buy insurance? So he said, “Give meHarlem.”When my dad died in 1994, I talked about him onThe Tonight Show. I told the story of how he worked in Harlem and how he always taught us to be open-minded and not to say or think things of racism (种族主义). Then one day, I got a letter from a woman who was about 75 years old.She wrote that when she was a little girl, a man used to come to her house to collect policies. She said this man was the only white person who had ever come to dinner at their house. The man was very kind to her, she said, and his name was Angelo—was this my father?The letter made me cry. I called her up and said yes, that was in fact my dad, and she told me how kind he had been to her family. Her whole attitude toward white people was based on that one nice man she met in her childhood, who always treated her with kindness and respect and always gave her a piece of candy. From this experience, I learned a valuable life lesson: never judge people and be open-minded and kind to others.4. What did my father do after knowing what was the toughest market to sell?A. He asked his boss to give him some insurance.B. He went toScotlandto improve his education.C. He specially went to white families with kids.D. He choseHarlemto face the toughest challenge.5. What can we learn from the third paragraph?A. It was rare that a businessman had dinner in his customer's house.B. Angelo was the only white person to sell insurance inHarlem.C. The little girl admired Angelo very much.D. Racism was a serious problem inAmericaat that time.6. Which of the following can best describe the author’s father?A. Stubborn and generous.B. Patient and intelligent.C. Determined and open-minded.D. Confident and romantic.7. What can be the best title of the passage?A. Memories from a TV Show.B. A Letter from an Old Lady.C. Life Lessons from My Father.D. My Father's Experience inHarlem.CSummer is quickly passing by—but not without the ultimate meteor（流星）shower event!The2021 Perseids Meteor Shower, which is considered to be the best meteor shower of the year, is expected to start lighting up skies on this Wednesday, according to NASA. Known for fireballs, the Perseids typically light up skies on warm summer nights, leaving “long wake（尾迹）of light and color1 behind them.”Under ideal conditions, sky watchers may see approximately 50-100 meteors per hour with each meteor traveling at 37 miles per second. .Because the meteors appear in all parts of the sky, it will be pretty easy to witness the celestial（天上的）event from anywhere in the world. To get the best show, it is advised to view the Perseids from the Northern Hemisphere（半球）during the pre- dawn hours, ideally between 2 a.m. and dawn. In some cases, sky gazers may be able to seemeteors during this shower as early as 9 or 10 p. m.“If it's not cloudy, pick an observing spot away from bright lights, lie on your back, and look up! You don't need any special equipment to view the Perseids—just your eyes,” NASA wrote on their site, adding that telescopes or binoculars are not recommended due to their small fields of view.Remember to let your eyes become adjusted to the dark. Try to stay off of your phone too, as looking at devices with bright screens will negatively affect your night vision and thus reduce the number of meteors you see!For those who may be unable to view the Perseids in person, a live broadcast will be streaming from NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, starting around 8 p. m. on Aug. 11 and continuing through sunrise on Aug. 12.8. What can we learn about the Perseids Meteor Shower?A. It will be the best meteor shower in history.B. The ultimate shower only happens on this Wednesday.C. We can observe 50- 100 meteors per hour in any place.D. The Meteors usually have long and bright trails behind them.9. Which of the following may be the best time to view the shower?A. At 4 a. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.B. At 2 p. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.C. At sunrise on the Southern Hemisphere.D. At dawn on the Southern Hemisphere.10. What can be inferred about the observation of Meteors?A. If you use a telescope, you will see more meteors.B. You can use smartphones to record the grand scene.C. The brighter the moon is, the more meteors you can see. .D. Bright lights will reduce the visibility of meteors.11. If you are not available to watch the Perseids personally, you can ________.A. browse the unofficial website of NASAB. watch a video recorded by a flight centerC. stream a live show on Aug. 11 nightD. use special devices to connect with the showerDOne billion people in the world are short of water. How can this problem be solved. Some suggestions have been to desalinate ocean water or to build enormous water pipelines from areas where water is abundant. (Suggestions such as these prove extremely expensive when they are actually used.) One possibility that scientists are considering is pulling icebergs from either the North Pole or the South Pole to parts of the world with a water shortage. Although many questions must be answered before such a project could be tried, moving icebergs seems a reasonable possibility in the future.Engineers, mathematicians, and glaciologists from a dozen countries have been considering the iceberg as a future source of water. Saudi Arabia is particularly interested in this project because it has a great water shortage. Scientists estimate that it would take 128 days to transport a large iceberg (about 1/2 square mile) to Saudi Arabia. Yet the iceberg would be completely melted by the 104th day. Therefore, insulation would be essential, but how to insulate the iceberg remains an unsolved problem.The problems in transporting an iceberg are numerous. The first problem is choosing the iceberg to pull. Theicebergs that form in the North Pole are quite difficult to handle because of their shape. Only a small portion extends above the water — most of the iceberg is below the surface, which would make it difficult to pull. South Pole icebergs, on the other hand, are flat and float like table tops. Thus they would be much easier to move.How can a 200-million-ton iceberg be moved. No ship is strong enough to pull such enormous weight through the water. Perhaps several ships could be used. Attaching ropes to an iceberg this size is also an enormous problem. Engineers think that large nails or long metal rods could be driven into the ice. What would happen if the iceberg splits into several pieces during the pulling. Even if an iceberg with very few cracks were chosen, how could it be pulled through stormy waters. Furthermore, once the iceberg reached its destination, very few ports would be deep enough to store it.All of these problems must be solved before icebergs can become a reasonable source of water. Yet scientists estimate that it will be possible to transport them in the near future. Each year, enough icebergs form to supply the whole world with fresh water for a full year. In addition, icebergs are free and nonpolluting. As a solution to the world’s water problems, icebergs may be a workable possibility.12. What is a problem in transporting iceberg?A. The size of the iceberg.B. The colour of the iceberg.C. The salt in the iceberg.D. The movement of air and water.13. What is the author’ attitude towards transporting iceberg?A. Pessimistic.B. Objective.C. Optimistic.D. Unconcerned.14. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. It is hard to use iceberg.B. Iceberg are a good choice.C. There are problems with iceberg.D. Man finds no other ways to solve water shortage.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Shortage of water.B. Icebergs for water.C. Scientists and icebergs.D. Iceberg—scientists headache.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

答案 +我名字XX大学网络教育学院“大学英语〔二〕〞课程期末试卷提示：答案文档直接在学生平台提交请将选择题答案填写在每个题号前。

提交截止日期：2021年 12月 17日I. Vocabulary and GrammarDirections: Complete the following sentences by deciding on the most appropriate word from the 4 choicesmarked A, B, C and D given after each sentence. (25 points)1.Though _______ in New York, he preferred not to mention his childhood living together withgrandparents.A) raised B) grown C) developed D) fed2.By the end of this month, we surely ________ a satisfactory solutionto it.A) have founded B) will be finding C) will have found D) are finding3.They are teachers and don't realize ________ to start and run acompany.A) what it takes B) what takes it C) what they takeD) what takesthem4.Television is an instrument of communication ________ us to see as well as to hear the performer.A) permitted B) permitting C) being permitted D) permits5. What you have done should be ________ the doctor's orders.A) attached to B) consistent with C) consistent in D) responsible to6. ________ the door when a gust of wind blew the candle out.A) He had no sooner opened B) Hardly had he openedC) Scarcely did he open D) No sooner did he open7.The car broke _____ on the highway and was dragged to the side of theroad.A) off B) into C) down D) up8. Mary _____ $25 on the book.A) took B) cost C) gave D) spent9. With the crowds _____________ , the royal party drove to the palace.A) cheered B) cheering C) being cheered D) are cheering第1页共8页10.They decided to ____________ a shopping mall in the downtown area.A) set out B) set off C) set up D) set about11.Can you find us some records ____________ to?A) to listen B) listening C) listen D) be listened12.Putting in a new window will ____________ cutting away part of theroof.A) include B) involve C) contain D) comprise13.When you looked for me I was ____________ a friend on a walk.A) accompanying B) companying C) comparing D) companion14.There were a long list of successful diplomatic ____________ in the history of China.A) incidents B) accidents C) happening D) occurrence15.Don’ t ____________ the speaker; put up your questions afterwards.A) interrupt B) interfere C) disturb D) interpret16.I have booked the flight to Shanghai, so I must ____ my packingnow.A) set about B) set down C) set back D) set out17.The cabinet has approved a special housing ____________ for the poor city residents.A) object B) development C) project D) schedule18.The child didn't carry ___________ the instructions given by his parents and teachers.A) away B) out C) back D) on19._________ , they came to the foot of amountain.A) Long before B) Before long C) After long D) Long20.In the end he realized his dream, but ____________ the cost of hislife.A) on B) with C) by D) at21.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ____________ to the party.A) would come B) should come C) came D) would have come22. The boy asked the teacher to excuse ___________ .A) him to interrupt herC) him from interrupting her B)that he has interrupted herD)his interrupting her23.She has nothing to do with the murder case. She is not ____________it.A) concerned in B) involved with C) associated inD) relatedto24.If you behave so foolishly you must bear the ____________.A) effects B) consequences C) ends D) results第2页共8页25. Bill doesn't __________ what others say about him.A) concernB) careC) worryD) matterII.Readingcomprehension Part ADirections: Read the following passages, and choose the correct answers. (30 points)Passage 1Conservationists (资源保护者 ) may get a wrong number of the threatened animals such aselephants, say African and American researchers. The error takes place because of a weakness in theway they estimate animal number from the piles of dung ( 粪便 ) the creatures leave behind.The mistake could lead researchers to think that there are twice as many elephants as there really are insome regions, according to Andrew Plumptre of the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) in New York. Biologist ( 生物学家 ) Katy Payne of Corne ll University in Ithaca, New York, agrees.“ We really need to knoelephant number and the evidence (证据 ) that we have is quite indirect,〞says Payne.Counting elephants from planes is impossible in the vast rainforests of Central Africa, so researchers often estimate elephant number by counting dung piles in a given area. They also need to know therate at which dung decays (腐化 ). Because it's quite difficult to decide these rates, however,researchers counting elephants in one region are likely to rely on standard decay rates set upelsewhere.But researchers at the WCS have found that these decay rates differ from region to regiondepending on the weather and environment. Using the wrong number can mislead the census (统计 ),says Plumptre.He and his colleague Anthony Chifu Nchanji studied decaying elephant dung in the forests ofBanyang Wildlife Sanctuary ( 避难所 ) in southeast Cameroon. They found that the dung decayedbetween 55 and 65 percent more slowly than dung in the rainforests of neighboring Gabon. Ifresearchers use decay rates from Gabon to count elephants in Cameroon, they would probably findmore elephants than there are actually around.This could mean estimates in Cameroon are at least twice as high as those got from decayrates calculated locally, says Plumtre. He says that similar problems may also exist in otheranimal census studies that rely on indirect evidence.26. The word“ threatened〞(Line 1, Para. 1) could be best replaced by____.A. endangeredB. frightenedC. spoiledD. angered27.Why do researchers count elephants in an area by counting dung piles?A.Because elephants are difficult to catch.B.Because it is not possible to count elephants from a plane.第3页共8页C. Because it is impossible to follow the track of elephants.D. Because they think dung piles are most reliable for counting elephants.28. Piles of dung can't be relied upon when it comes to estimating elephants number because _____.A. they are different in sizeB. they scatter all over the regionC. they are different in rate of decayingD. they are difficult to be identified29.Suppose the number of elephants got in Cameroon is 1000 by using the decay rates set up inGabon, then the actual number maybe about _______.A. 500B. 2000C. 400D. 250030. Which of the following is not a useful factor in estimating elephant number in one region?A. Dung piles number.B. Rates of dung decaying.C. Climate and environment.D. Wildlife sanctuary.Passage 2I was in a chat room, as most online romances happen. I had been on the Internet and chattingfor almost three years. I was bored one afternoon, so I decided to go into a chat room. I hadbeen in this particular room many times before, and met some very interesting people in it. WhileI was in there, I noticed two guys talking. One was married and had kids, and the other wasasking questions like what it was like to be a father, etc. I was most interested in him, hesounded so sweet. So I decided to start chatting with him. We didn't get to chat long, because ofthe 6-hour time difference, but it was a wonderful chat. He was a few years older than me, but Ifigured age didn't matter if we had a good chat.We got to talking about many things, mostly music though. Before he had to leave he gave mehis e-mail address and I gave him my AOL ( 美国在线效劳公司 ) Instant Messenger screen name. A fewdays later while I was online someone greeted me, and it was him. He told me who it was and westarted chatting. Like most people, we had many things in common. We had similar views on life,etc.After many conversations, I realized I was really starting to like this guy. I had promised myself beforethat it's just not right for people over the Internet to be “ in love 〞 , and that I'd never do suc didn't seem right to me. Since, I thought, you never knew whom you are really talking to. Well, my opinionsstarted to change, very quickly too.Weeks later our relationship really started to get serious. I felt ashamed at first,because it was on the Internet, but I don't worry about it now. All I have to say is that Ihave never loved someone so much before.31.We can safely say that _____________.A.both the guys were marriedB.both the guys had children第4页共8页C. one of the guys had children but the other hadn't anyD. one of the guys was married but the other had never had a girlfriend32. What attracted the narrator at first was the second guy's _____________.A. personalityB. appearanceC. voiceD. curiousness33.From the first paragraph we know that the narrator and the guy _____________.A.lived in the same cityB.lived very far awayC.both lived in the United StatesD.often went together to the same room to have a talk34.The word “ it 〞 in Paragraph 2 refers to ________________.A. AOLB. the narrator's screen nameC. the guy's e-mail addressD. the guy35.The narrator felt ashamed at first because ________________.A.she had been disloyal to her boyfriendB.she had broken her promise of not falling in love on the InternetC.the guy was her first boyfriendD.the relationship between her and her boyfriend was in danger of breakdownPassage 3Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result inserious disease if certain important elements are missing. These elements are called“ vitamins( 维生素 ). 〞 Quitea number ofsuch substances are known and they are given letters to identify ( 识别 ) them, A, B, C, D, andso on. Different diseases are associated with (与⋯⋯有关 ) a lack of particular vitamins. Even a slight lack of Vitamin C, the vitamin most plentiful in fresh fruit and vegetables, for example,is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility ( 易感性 ) to colds and influenza ( 流感 ).The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet,including avariety of fruit and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted( 限定 ) diet, say when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to have a special supply to make up the missing vitamins.Another example of the dangers of a restricted diet may be seen in the disease known as脚气病), from which large numbers of Eastern peoples who lived mainly on rice used to suffer very much.In theearly years of this century, a Dutch (荷兰的 ) scientist called Eijkman was trying to discover the cause of beriberi. At first he thought it was transmitted by a germ (细菌 ). He was working in a Japanesehospital, where the patients were fed on rice which had had the outer husk ( 外壳) removed from the grain. It was第5页共8页thought that this would be easier for weak, sick people to digest.36.A diet which contains nothing harmful_____. A. may yet cause one disease oranotherC. will usually result in serious disease B. certainly has plenty of vitaminsD. always ensures good health37.Shortages of the various vitamins _____.A.cause identical diseasesB.are not serious except in the case of Vitamin CC.cause different diseasesD.are often caused by inadequate (缺乏 ) supply of sunshie38.Fresh fruit and vegetables _____.A.do not contain any kind of vitaminB.decrease our resistance to diseasesC.contain every kind of vitaminD.contain more vitamin C than any other food39.A good mixed diet _____.A.normally contains enough vitamins for a healthy bodyB.still needs supplementing with vitaminsC.is suitable for losing weightD.may not be good for the health40.The disease “ beriberi 〞 _____.ed to make large numbers of western people suffer a lotB.is a disease of vitamin shortageC.is transmitted by diseased riceD.can be caught from diseased chickens or animalsPart BDirections: This passage is about how the writer faced the frustration (挫折) in his life. Afterreading it, youare required to complete the outline below it. (10 points)I worked my way up the presidency ( 总裁 ) of the Ford Motor Company. When I finally got there,I wason the top of the world. But then fate said t o me,“ Wait, we're not finished with you. Now you're going to findout what it feels like to get kicked off from the top.〞On July 13, 1978, I was fired. I had been president of Ford for eight years and a Fordemployee for第6页共8页thirty-two. I had never worked anywhere else. And now suddenly, I was out of job.As you go through life, there are thousands of little forks in the road, and there are a few really big forks —those moments of thinking, moments of truth. This was mine as I wondered what to do. Should I pack it all in (完全放弃 ) and retire? I was fifty-four years old. I had already accomplished a great deal. I was financially secure. But that just didn't feel right. I knew I had to carry on.A few months later, I became the president of Chrysler, a company which was almost bankruptat that time. Fortunately, Chrysler recovered ( 复原 ). Today I'm a hero. With strong will, with luck, and with help from lots of good people, I was able to rise up from the ashes.1.The narrator's top position in the Ford Motor Company is (41) .2.The thing happening to the narrator on July 13, 1978 is (42) .3.Things in the road of life are (43) .4.The narrator's age when he began to work with Ford was (44) .5.The narrator's present position is (45) .IV . TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English. (15 points)46. 他希望能找出方法一劳永逸地解决这一技术难题。

2021届南京大学附属中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AGetting your kid to bed at night is seriously one of the most challenging things you'll ever have to do. Most kids are just so full of energy that they'll tire you out before they're halfway through their store of energy. An easy thing to calm down your child to get into bed is giving in and allowing some iPad screen time. However, it's really not a great idea, just like you thought.Researchers at theArizonaStateUniversityconducted a study with 547 kids between the ages of 7 to 9. Their parents tracked how much screen time the kids were allowed along with their sleep patterns. The study found that kids who did not engage in screen time before bed slept for 23 more minutes every week and also went to sleep about 34 minutes earlier than those playing with iPad. Although that might not seem like so much more time, quality of sleep is vastly important in Children's development.The CDC's (美国疾病控制中心)2018 National Youth Risk Survey outlines that good quality sleep can impact a child's life in many ways, including affecting grades and also weight gain. Students with an "A" average slept for 30 or more minutes per night than those with a "D" or"F" average.A 2018PennsylvaniaStateUniversitystudy showed that children with irregular bedtimes had a higher risk of having increased body weight. Those with consistent and age-appropriate bedtimes when they were 9 years old had a healthier BMI (体质指数)at age 15 than those with irregular bedtimes.Hard as it is, it's really important not to give in and hand over an iPad to your child who is about to go to bed. Just like it's important for adults to go to sleep without any distractions, it's even more important for kids.1. What do the findings of the researchers at theArizonaStateUniversitysuggest?A. More sleep is necessary for children's development.B. Enough sleep helps improve academic performances.C. Screen time before bed leads to later and less sleep.D. Children sleeping irregularly are easy to gain weight.2. What is the text mainly about?A. How is screen time affecting teenagers?B. What are negative effects of irregular bedtimes?C. When should you get your kid to bed at night?D. Why is screen time before bed a bad idea for kids?3. Who is the text intended for?A. Parents.B. Children.C. Teachers.D. Researchers.BThere have been many fine films over the past several years aboutcharacters struggling with Alzheimer’s disease. But few of them have gone as deeply and frighteningly into the corners of adeterioratingmind as The Father,a powerful new drama built around a spellbinding performance from Anthony Hopkins.At this point in his long career,Hopkinswould seem to have exhausted his ability to surprise us, but his work here is nothing short of astonishing. His character, also named Anthony, is 80 years old and has dementia. At the beginning of the movie, his daughter, Anne — played by Olivia Colman — stops by hisLondonapartment to check on him. Her father's condition has taken a turn for the worse, and his temper has become severe enough to send his latest live in nurse packing. Anthony is stubborn and defiant and insists that he can manage on his own. But that's clearly not the case, given his habit of misplacing his things and his inability to remember names and faces, Anne's included.As The Father goes on, the more it becomes clear that it's his own mind that's playing tricks on him. What makes the movie so unsettling is the way it wires us directly into his subjective experience, so that the foundations of the story seem to shift at random from scene to scene. A man suddenly appears in the apartment, claiming to be Anne's husband, which is odd, since just a few moments earlier, Anne seemed to be single. Anne goes out shopping for groceries, but when she returns, she's played not by Olivia Colman but by another actress, Olivia Williams. Even the apartment itself begins to shift. You notice puzzling differences-wasn't there a lamp on that hallway table just a moment ago?The story in The Father may be complicated but it's also heartbreakingly simple: man grows old and loses his memory, and his daughter, after lifetime of love and devotion, must begin the long painful process of saying goodbye.Hopkinsshows us Anthony's struggle to keep his sense about him. It's a striking performance-and an impossible one to forget.4. What does the underlined word “deteriorating” mean in the first paragraph?A. Worsening.B. Narrowing.C. Recovering.D. Improving.5. What do we learn about the character Anthony in the movie?A. He can take care of himselfB. He drives away the nurses.C. He is easy-going and forgetful.D. He lives with his daughter all the time.6. The shift of scenes in the movie is designed to .A. build the dramatic tension in the family.B. show off the well-designed story line.C. frighten the movie-goers with mysterious plot.D. involve the viewers into thedisordered memories.7. What does the author think ofHopkins?A. He has run out of his talent.B. He is not suitable for the roleC. He masterly plays the old man.D. He presents an odd performance.CMy mother is a teacher. I often asked her, “ Why do you teach? What keeps you teaching?” The answer was always the same. “There is always that one child, that one moment that is worth it.”Now, I am a teacher, too. But different from my mother, I teach students challenging activities outdoors. And when my mother asked me the similar questions, my answer was, “It’s that one child, that one special moment.”One of those moments happened recently. I was working with a group of girls in a four-week programme. Everything went on well through the “Team” events and we were moving on to a“High” one called the Wire Walk.In the Wire Walk, each girl had to climb up the pegs in a tree to a wire, 8 meters high, and then walk across it. Of course, everything was safe for sure.When it was Susie's turn, it seemed that she didn't really want to. I asked Susie if she was ready. She answered softly, “I suppose.”Now, Susie was at the foot of the tree. She started to make the long reach. Then I found Susie was becoming nervous with every step. I realized she would not go much further.Susie was halfway up. Then she stopped and held the tree tight, looking very afraid. Her eyes were closed. With her face against the tree, she cried, “I can't.”The other girls sat in silence. I talked quietly to Susie, trying to relax her. I talked for a long time till I ran out of words.“I will still be your friend no matter what, Susie!” Mary broke the silence.To my surprise, Susie lifted her head and looked up to the wire. Then she turned to look down at Mary and smiled. Mary smiled back.Finally, Susie made it all the way across that wire. When she returned to the ground, the first hug she looked for was from Mary. We all cheered. Moments like this keep me doing what I do.8. Why did Susie stop halfway up to the wire?A. It was too high for her to reach.B. She was too afraid to move on.C. Something was wrong with it.D. The teacher asked her to do it.9. Why did Mary break the silence?A. To try again herself.B. To relax the writer.C. To encourage Susie.D. To draw Susie's attention.10. What can we learn from the story of Susie?A. Helping others is helping ourselves.B. A word of encouragement matters a lot.C. Outdoor activities bring peoplecloser than ever.D. A good method plays an important role in teaching.11. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. The Wire WalkB. That One MomentC. Fear and CourageD. The Young HeartsDPreparations for the Tokyo Olympics have suffered another challenge after a survey found that 60% of people in Japan want them to be cancelled,less than three months before the Games are scheduled to open.Japan has extended a state of emergency in Tokyo and several other regions until the end of May as it struggles to control a fast increase in COVID-19 cases caused by new, more catching variants（变异体）with medical staff warning that health services in some areas are on the edge of breaking down.The Olympics, which were delayed by a year due to the pandemic, are set to open on 23 July, with the International Olympic Committee（IOC）and organizers insisting that measures will be put in place to ensure the safety of athletes and other visitors, as well as a nervous Japanese public.The survey, conducted between 7 and 9 May by the conservative Yomiuri Shimbun, showed 60% wanted the Games cancelled as opposed to 39% who said they should be held. “Postponement” — an option abandoned bythe IOC — was not offered as a choice.Of those who said the Olympics should go ahead, 23% said they should take place without audience. Foreign audience have been banned but a final decision on native attendance will be made in June.Another poll conducted at the weekend by TBS News found 65% wanted the Games cancelled or postponed again, with 37% voting to give up the event altogether and 28% calling for another delay. A similar poll in April conducted by Kyodo news agency found 70% wanted the Olympics cancelled or postponed.The IOC's vice president, John Coates, said that while Japanese sentiment about the Games “was a concern”, he could foresee no situation under which the sporting events would not go ahead.12. How many Japanese wish the Olympics would not be held in Tokyo according to the survey?A. 60%.B. 28%.C. 37%.D. 70%.13. What should be put into consideration if the Olympics open?A. The economic crisis.B. The urban transport.C. The safety of athletes.D. The health condition of citizens.14. What is some people's attitude towards foreign spectators in Paragraph 5?A. Welcome.B. Unfriendly.C. Cold.D. Unsupported.15. What can we conclude from John Coates'words?A. The Olympics will be stopped this year.B. The Olympics will be put off.C. The Olympics will be held normally.D. The Olympics will take place in other place.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021届南京大学附属中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWelcome to Oxford University MuseumsAshmolean MuseumEstablished in 1683, the Ashmolean Museum is the oldest museum in the UK and one of the oldest in the world. It houses the University’s extensive collections of art and antiquities, ranging back over four millennia.Location: Beaumont Street Tel: 01865278000Open: Tue. Sun. 10: 00-17: 00.Charge: Admission is free; special exhibitions are ticketed and a charge may applyNote: For group bookings Tel:01865278015Oxford University Museum of Natural HistoryThe University Museum of Natural History houses the University’s collections of zoological, entomological, paleontological and mineral specimens. With 4. 5 million specimens it is the largest collection of its type outside of the national collections.Location: Parks Road Tel: 01865 272950Open: 10: 00-17: 00 dailyCharge: Admission is freeNote: Groups must book in advanceMuseum of the History of ScienceThe Museum of the History of Science is housed in the world’s oldest surviving purpose-built museum building. It contains the world’s finest collection of historic scientific instruments.Location: Broad Street Tel: 01865277280Open: Tue.Sun.12: 00-17:00Charge: Admission is freeNote: Booking required for groups of 15 or morePitt Rivers MuseumThe Pitt Rivers Museum holds one of the world’s finest collections of anthropology and archaeology, withobjects from every continent and from throughout human history.Location: Parks Road enter via the Oxford University Museum of Natural HistoryTel:01865270927Open: Tue Sun. and Bank Holiday Mondays: 10: 00-16: 30Charge: Admission is freeNote: Groups must book in advance1.If a group of 20 students want to visit the oldest museum in the UK, they should call_______A.01865277280B.01865278015C.01865270927D.018652729502.Which of the museums can visitors go to any day of the week?A.Ashmolean Museum.B.Museum of the History of Science.C.Oxford University Museum of Natural History.D.Pitt Rivers Museum3.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.Ashmolean Museum is on the Broad Street.B.Pitt Rivers Museum contains the world’s finest collection of historic scientific instruments.C.We don’t have to book in advance if our group want to visit the University Museum of Natural History.D.We can enter the Pitt Rivers Museum through the Oxford University Museum of Natural History.BAdvertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they're always coming in for criticism. Their critics(批评家)seem to hate them because they have so much money to throw around. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it’s the consumer who pays.The poor old consumer! He'd have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn't create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods is largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railwaystation or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a dull wall or a newspaper full of the incidents and disasters.We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmers is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!Another thing we mustn't forget is the “small ads.” What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the “hatch, match and dispatch” column(栏目) but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or “agony” column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It's the best advertisement for advertising there is!4. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Advertisements steal money from our pocketsB. The critics get the wrong idea of advertisements.C. Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.D. Advertisements are everywhere.5. What is the attitude of the author toward advertisements?A. He appreciates the role of advertisements.B. He doubts the effect of advertisements.C. He believes what is said in advertisements.D. He complains too many advertisements in daily life.6. Which of the following is Not True?A. The personal or “agony” column makes us know more about human nature.B. The only purpose of advertising is to sell goods.C. A newspaper will cost us more if there is no advertisement on it.D. Advertisement makes our life color1 ful.7. Whicof the following shows the structure of the passage?( ①=" Paragraph" 1, ②=" paragraph" 2, ③=" paragraph" 3, ④=" paragraph" 4 ⑤=" paragraph" 5)A B.C. D.CA 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to livea decade longer than a peer who dropped out of high school. Although researchers have long known that the rich live longer than the poor, this education gap is less well documented. And although the average American’s expected span(预期寿命) has been smooth in recent year—and, shockingly, even fell between 2015 and 2017—that of the one-third with a bachelor’s degree has continued to lengthen.This gap in life expectancy is growing, according to new research published in the report of the National Academy of Sciences. Anne Case and Angus Deation ofPrincetonUniversityfound that the lifespans of those with and without a bachelor’s degree started to become different in the 1990s and 2000s. This gap grew even wider in the 2010s.What is the link between schooling and longevity(长寿)? Some argue that better-educated people develop healthier lifestyles: each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight. The better-educated earn more, which in turn is associated with greaterhealth.Ms Case and Mr Deaton argue that changes in labor markets, including the rise of automation and increased demand for highly-educated workers, coupled with the rising costs of employer-provided health care, have decreased the supply of well-paid jobs for those without a degree. This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use, suicide and other “deaths of despair”.The authors argued that the educational gap in mortality(致死率) will widenin the wake ofthe covid-19pandemic. ForAmerica’s overall life expectancy to start climbing again, improvements will be needed across all social groups, not just among the privileged few.8. When did the lifespans of people with and without a degree vary greatly?A. In the 1990s.B. In the 2020sC. In the 2000sD. In the 2010s9. According to the article, changes in labor markets reduce jobs for those without a degree. Which change is NOT included?A. The rising spending of employer-provided health care.B. The gap in life expectancy.C. Raised request for better-educated workers.D. The development of automation.10. What does the underlined phrase “in the wake of” probably mean ?A. afterB. untilC. beforeD. while11. What is the best title for the text?A. Changes in labor market.B. Quit bad habits by Further studyC. Educated Americans live longer.D. Highly-educated people develop healthier lifestyles.DIt is universally acknowledged that renewable energy sources such as solar, wind and hydropower are all much better for the climate than fossil fuels.It is true for wind and solar. However, the picture for hydropower is more complicated than we think.A new study by the Environmental Defense Fund analyzed the climate impacts of 1,500 hydropower facilities across the globe. That accounts for about half of hydropower generation worldwide. The researchers looked at whether the facilities behave as a greenhouse gas sink or as a source. To figure this out, they looked into all the different components that help determine a hydropower facility's greenhouse gasemissions (排放).“There are so many contributors to greenhouse gas emissions from hydropower — but essentially, the majority of greenhouse gas emissions arise from the reservoir (水库) itself, as vegetation and soils are submerged underwater in the dam thatis used for the hydropower generation.” said lissa Ocko, a senior climate scientist at the Environmental Defense Fund and co-author of the study. As the submerged vegetation breaks down, itreleases greenhouse gases such as CO2.“The larger the surface area of the reservoir, the more greenhouse gases are going to be given out from that reservoir. Also, the temperature plays a role as well how warm the reservoir is will affect how much greenhouse gases are produced and given out from the reservoir.” added Ocko.Through their analysis, Ocko and her co-author Steven Hamburg, also with the Environmental Defense Fund, discovered that the climate impacts of hydropower cover a complete range. The good news is that some facilities perform just as well as wind and solar. But shockingly, more than 100 facilities are actually worse for the climate than fossil fuels. The study is in the journalEnvironmentalScience and Technology.This finding doesn't mean we should forget about hydropower. “But we just need to be careful to make sure that we have climate benefits. There are a lot of situations where hydropower can be equal to wind and solar. So it really depends on the specific facility." said Ocko.12. How do scientists prove hydropower facilities' effect on the climate?A. By making comparisons.B. By conducting experiments.C. By referring to previous studies.D. By analyzing causes and effects.13. What are the main sources of greenhouse gases from hydropower?A. Vegetation and soils.B. Heat and sunlight.C. Pollutants in the reservoir.D. Components of the generators.14. What have Ocko and her co-author Steven Hamburg found?A The surface area of a reservoir decides the climate.B. Hydropower often influences the climate in all aspects.C. Some facilities perform much better than wind and solar.D. Fossil fuels are worse for the climate than over 100 facilities.15. What is the text mainly about?A. Scientists urge an end to hydropower.B. Hydropower is not necessarily green.C. Hydropower is worse than fossil fuels.D. Renewable energy is a complicated issue.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021届南京大学附属中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADuring ancient times, children didn’t have smartphones, iPad or computers to entertain themselves. Instead, they came up with interesting games to play.★Stone ballsDuring the Qing Dynasty, kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in the northern part of China, and it was often played in the winter to protect kids from the cold. Stones were carved into small balls and kicked along with feet. In 1999, the sport was included in the 6th National Ethnic Group Traditional Sports Meeting held in Beijing.★Flying kitesKites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made of wood, instead of paper. Nowadays, the four most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite , Weifang kite and Nantong kite, of which each has distinctive features. The kite which resembles a swallow is a well-known Beijing style.★Hide-and-seekHide-and-seek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. There are two ways to play: covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease(戏弄) him or, more commonly, participants hide and one child must try to find them.★Playing diabolosA diabolo is always made of wood or bamboo and has empty space in the center. By juggling(边抛边接) the diabolo on the rope, the high-speed spinning diabolos will make a sound like a whistle. Playing diabolos is an interesting folk game, especially popular in North China. Playing diabolos was also included in the first group of national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产).1.Why did ancient children often play stone balls in the winter?A.To practice their feet.B.To warm themselves.C.To train their skills.D.To relax themselves.2.Which kites are swallow-shaped?A.Weifang kites.B.Tianjin kites.C.Beijing kites.D.Nantong kites.3.Why does playing diabolos make a sound?A.Because the diabolo’s center is empty.B.Because the high-speed spinning diabolo is light.C.Because the diabolo is equipped with a whistle.D.Because ropes’ surface moves against the diabolo’s.BImagine that youare a superhero. Your superpowers are activated by a special suit. The suit communicates with your brain. It allows you to do amazing things with only a thought. By concentrating on strength, for example, you can kick a soccer ball across a field. By focusing on swift actions, you can jump to the top of a tree.Such a connection between mind and machine may sound like a fantasy. To scientists, though, it is a very real goal. They are creating machines that let disabled monkeys walk. These machines may soon help disabled humans do the same. Unlike other bionic devices, these robotic “super suits” do not communicate with muscles and nerves. Instead, they have a direct line to the brain.In 2005, doctors drilled a hole in the skull of Hutchinson, who had lost her right arm in an accident. Then they inserted a sensor onto her motor cortex (大脑皮层运动区). Wires connected the sensor to a receiver on her head. After she recovered, researchers pluggedHutchinson’s receiver into a cable that relayed signals from her brain to computers. Then they connected a robotic arm to the computers. The computerscould interpretHutchinson’s brain signals to move the arm.Soon,Hutchinson, the computer, and the robotic arm became a team.Hutchinsonwas even able to lift her hand and drink from a cup. “She smiled when she put down that drink—that’s everything.” says Donoghue, a brain scientist.Today other scientists are building on that success. One of those scientists is Dr. Miguel Nicolelis, who designed a whole-body bionic equipment. In 2014, a disabled former athlete kicked the first ball of the World Cup Games wearing one of Miguel’s full-body exoskeletons.The exoskeleton was connected to brain signal sensors in the man’s cap. By thinking about kicking, he sent signals to a computer on his back. The computer then translated the signal into an exoskeleton-aided kick. Such designs may become common as scientists keep merging mind and machine.4.Which can best describe the tone of paragraph 1?A. Narrative and serious.B. Persuasive and critical.C. Informative and objective.D. Descriptive and imaginative.5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Reason of the experiment.B. Results of the experiment.C. Process of the experiment.D. Significance of the experiment.6. Why is Dr. Miguel’s exoskeleton special?A. It can be used on animals.B. It can move the whole body.C. It was supported by computers.D. It was connected directly to the brain.7. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Robotic suits may be widely used to help disabled people.B. Exoskeleton is more common thanHutchinson’s bionic arm.C.Scientific experiments are commonly carried out in football fields.D. Disabled athletes can now play football again with the help of computer.CA 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to livea decade longer than a peer who dropped out of high school. Although researchers have long known that the rich live longer than the poor, this education gap is less well documented. And although the average American’s expected span(预期寿命) has been smooth in recent year—and, shockingly, even fell between 2015 and 2017—that of the one-third with a bachelor’s degree has continued to lengthen.This gap in life expectancy is growing, according to new research published in the report of the National Academy of Sciences. Anne Case and Angus Deation ofPrincetonUniversityfound that the lifespans of those with and without a bachelor’s degree started to become different in the 1990s and 2000s. This gap grew even wider in the 2010s.What is the link between schooling and longevity(长寿)? Some argue that better-educated people develop healthier lifestyles: each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight. The better-educated earn more, which in turn is associated with greaterhealth.Ms Case and Mr Deaton argue that changes in labor markets, including the rise of automation and increaseddemand for highly-educated workers, coupled with the rising costs of employer-provided health care, have decreased the supply of well-paid jobs for those without a degree. This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use, suicide and other “deaths of despair”.The authors argued that the educational gap in mortality(致死率) will widenin the wake ofthe covid-19 pandemic. ForAmerica’s overall life expectancy to start climbing again, improvements will be needed across all social groups, not just among the privileged few.8. When did the lifespans of people with and without a degree vary greatly?A. In the 1990s.B. In the 2020sC. In the 2000sD. In the 2010s9. According to the article, changes in labor markets reduce jobs for those without a degree. Which change is NOT included?A. The rising spending of employer-provided health care.B. The gap in life expectancy.C. Raised request for better-educated workers.D. The development of automation.10. What does the underlined phrase “in the wake of” probably mean ?A. afterB. untilC. beforeD. while11. What is the best title for the text?A. Changes in labor market.B. Quit bad habits by Further studyC. Educated Americans live longer.D. Highly-educated people develop healthier lifestyles.DScientists have long sought to prevent sharp memories from dulling with age, but the problem remains unsettled. Now research published in Scientific Reports suggests virtual reality might help older people recall facts and events based on specific details.The study involved 42 healthy older adults from the San Francisco Bay Area. Half spent a dozen hours over four weeks playing a virtual-reality game called Labyrinth; they wore headsets and walked in place, walking virtual neighborhoods while completing small tasks. The other half, in the control group, used electronic tablets to play games that did not require recalling details. After 15 sessions (期), the latter performed roughly the same asbefore on a long-term memory test. But the Labyrinth players gain an improvement in memory through the VR game. A scientist Peter Wais of the University of California said the improvements brought them up to the level of another group of younger adults taking the same memory tests.Meredith Thompson, an education researcher, studies learning through VR games but was not involved in the new study. It would be great to actually follow people over time and see what this type of game does for long-term memory. She says, adding VR can provide greater involvement than other games. Wais's team is now investigating how long the observed effects last and which elements of the training have the most impact.A cognitive (认知)psychologist, Daniel Simons, who was also not involved in the study, notes experiments with other games that claim to train the brain have often failed to evaluate this. And it remains unclear how test performance in a laboratorysetting might translate to real-world situations. The outcome, Simons notes, “needs to be repeated, ideally with a much larger group, before it’s treated as a strong finding.”For now, Wais says, the team hopes its studies with similar-sized groups will help draw funding to test the game in a larger pool of participants.12. What is the passage mainly about?A. People's memory gradually fails as they age.B. People of different ages should play VR games.C. Virtual reality changes people's memory.D. Virtual reality improves older adults' memory.13. What is Meredith Thompson's attitude toward the research?A. satisfied.B. enthusiastic.C. cautious.D. concerned.14. According to the scientists, the research needs to be improved due to ________.A. the lack of financial support.B. the limited pool of participants.C. the unsatisfying test performance.D. the impractical application in real world.15. Where may the passage come from?A. A novel.B. A review.C. A magazine.D. A guidebook.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021年南京大学附属中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ANo one knows when the first printing press was invented or who invented it. but the oldest known printed text originated in China during the first millennium (千年) AD.The Diamond Sutra (《金刚经》), a Buddhist book from Dunhuang, China during the Tang Dynasty, is said to be the oldest known printed book.The Diamond Sutrawas created with a method known as block printing (雕版印刷), which used boards of hand-carved wood blocks in reverse.It was said that the moveable type was developed by Bi Sheng. He was fromYingshan,Hubei,China, living from 970 to 1051 AD. His method replaced panels of printing blocks with moveable individual Chinese characters that could be reused. The first moveable Chinese Characters were carved into clay and baked into hard blocks that were then arranged onto an iron frame that was pressed against an iron plate.The earliest mention of Bi Sheng’s printing press is in the bookDream Pool Essays, written in 1086 by Shen Kuo, who noted that his nephews came into possession of Bi Sheng’s typefaces (字体) after his death. Shen Kuo explained that Bi Sheng did not use wood because the texture is inconsistent (不一致的) and absorbs wetness too easily.By the time of the Southern Song Dynasty, which ruled from 1127 to 1279 AD, books had become popular in society and helped create a scholarly class of citizens who had the capabilities to become civil servants. Large printed book collections also became a status symbol for the wealthy class.1. When was Bi Sheng’s printing press first introduced in history?A. After Bi Sheng died and his nephews owned his typefaces.B. When books became popular in the Southern Song Dynasty.C. After the block printing was replaced by the moveable type printing.D. WhenThe Diamond Sutrawas printed into a book.2. What can we infer from the passage?A. Shen Kuo made great contributions to printing.B. The moveable type printing was invented earlier than block printing.C. Printed books were hard to get in the Song Dynasty.D. By the Southern Song Dynasty, books had helped people get to higher social positions.3. Why does the author write this passage?A. To show that Buddhism was popular in the Tang Dynasty.B. To introduce the early history of printing.C. To memorize Bi Sheng, developing the moveable type printing.D. To indicate the advantages of moveable type printing.BMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.4. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.A. chiliescan be beneficialB. chilies are popular inAmericaC. chilies can be dangerousD. serious headaches can be dangerous5. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.A. decreasing death rateB. releasing natural chemicalsC. curing serious headachesD. providing enough nutrition6. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.7. The writer wrote the passage to ________.A. warn people of the dangers of chiliesB. ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC. encourage people to eat more chiliesD. tell people the benefits of chiliesCConcerns about health, animals and the environment are leading more people to remove meat from their diet. Plant-based meat alternatives (替代品) increasingly appear in supermarkets and restaurants. But what some people call clean meat-meat grown from cells in a laboratory—is still an idea that is just beginning.More than 24 companies are testing lab-grown fish, beef and chicken. These businesses hope to enter the alternative meat market, which could be worth $140 billion by 2029. One of the companies, Shiok Meats, grows its product by taking shrimp cells and keeping them at a fixed temperature. They are then given nutrients in a solution (溶液). The cells become meat in four to six weeks.This lab-grown meat’s price is high. One kilogram of it now costs $5,000, said Shiok Meats’ chief executive Sandhya Sriram. At that cost, a single pork and shrimp dumpling could be as much as $300. Sriram, avegetarian, hopes to cut the cost to $50 for one kilogram by the end of this year. “We are looking at next year, so we might be the first ever company to launch a cell-based meat product in the world,” Sriram said. “Shiok Meats still needs approval from the city’s food regulator, and that matters the most at present.”Although people increasingly demand meat alternatives, cell-based meat companies still faceresistance(抵制) to their products. In Singapore, some people said they would give lab grown meat a second thought. “I may not exactly dare to eat it, but I do find the idea appealing because the animals in the oceans are declining,” said 60-year-old Pet Loh, while sheshopped for shrimps in a Singapore market.Any alternative way of making animal protein without harming the environment is positive, said Paul Teng, a specialist in agriculture technology at Nanyang Technological University. But, he added, more studies are needed to understand any negative result of making cellular protein.8. Why are more people eating less meat?A. Because lab-grown meat has more nutrition.B. Because plant-based food is getting popular.C. Because meat in the market is increasingly expensive.D. Because health and the environment are their concerns.9. What is the most important for Shiok Meats at present according to Sriram?A. Bringing down the price.B. Gaining consumers’ acceptance.C. Obtaining official permission.D. Getting ahead of other companies.10. Which word best describes Pet Loh’s attitude towards lab-grown meat?A. Doubtful.B. Uncaring.C. Negative.D. Positive.11. What is the text mainly about?A. A new way to make a fortune.B. Negative results of lab-grown meat.C. New research findings on healthy diet.D. A meat alternative grown in labs.DTexas has been one of the most restrictive gun-rights states in America.Thanks to a new law,however,the state will be one of the most relaxed,to the degree that police are discouraged from even asking about someone's guns. And if they do, they may not have much power to do anything if the person refuses to show a license.To be sure, the law is strict in its own way,offering a model for regulation. Under the law, open-carry citizens have to be licensed, a process that includes safety and shooting tests. They also have to show no prior psychological problems, and they have to be at least 21 years old.It is true that gun violence dropped sharply after restrictive laws were put in place in countries like Great Britain and Australia. However,the US public seems more interested than ever in weapons and the power they convey,despite gun control groups' concern over the increase of violence. Most states in America have steadily expanded gun rights since the end of a 10-year assault(攻击)weapons ban in 2004. Black Friday this year saw the biggest gun cache(贮存)ever purchased in one day.Considering those trends,there's a heated debate about whether the new Texas law is a model piece of legislation(立法)for a changing America,or a walking disaster just begging for trouble. As the law doesn't provide any punishment for those who refuse to show a license to a police officer, critics fear that officers may find it tough to handle potentially deadly situations. After all, armed citizens will no longer be considered suspicious, even though a lot of people might be alarmed by the sight. Most police in Texas have been told to not engage gun carriers unless they are doing something questionable or appear drunk.For sure,New Year's Day will be an exciting one for Texas gun owners. What's not yet known is how the rest of Texas will respond.12. All of the following are required in the new Texas law for open carry EXCEPTA. age limitB. mental conditionC. online registrationD. gun-operating skills13. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?A. The reason for putting forward the new Texas law.B. The present situation of gun possession in America.C. The impact of the assault weapons ban in 2004.D. The inaction of the US government as to gun control.14. What do critics think the new Texas law will probably lead to?A. Heavier workload for policemen.B. Disrespect for officers.C. Lack of trust among citizens.D. Difficulty in crime prevention.15. What is the author's attitude towards the new Texas law?A. Negative.B. Cautious.C. Indifferent.D. Approving.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021届南京大学附属中学高三英语期末考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AA 21-year-old female student has become the youngest womanever to be elected as Mayor (市长) after first entering politics to campaign about food.Labor Party (工党) member Rosie Corrigan was elected as Mayor of Selby a market town in North Yorkshire, on Monday. The student’s election was unchallenged to the mayoralty, following a year serving as deputy mayor. Corrigan has just finished her second year studying politics at theUniversityofHull. A political activist since secondary school, lifelong Selby citizen Corrigan has always been ambitious. As a member of the UK Youth Parliament, she co-founded the Selby Youth council, and then went on to run for and win the local council election as a Labour candidate (候选人) aged just 18.Corrigan plan to use her year in office to further encourage political awareness in the youth of Selby. By breaking a political record of being the youngest woman ever elected inUKhistory, Corrigan hopes this will break the misunderstanding of Selby being a sleepy town with old-fashioned views. “It’s an honor to be the Mayor of my lovely hometown,” Corrigan told a newspaper. “I plan on using the year to encourage children and young people to champion their communities.”The politics student’s election has been supported whole heartedly by the politicians she has worked with throughout her early-developing career, including thebackingof former deputy Prime Minister (副首相) John Prescott. Simon Darvill said in an interview, “I hope that the success of Rosie and others like her encourages more young people to get involved in politics and change where they live for the better.”1. Which statement is true according to Paragraph 2?A. Corrigan is new to the political scene of Selby.B. Corrigan became interested in politics in childhood.C. Corrigan has been living in Selby since she was born.D. Corrigan founded the Selby Youth council by herself.2. What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A. Corrigan plans to further her time in office by at least a year.B. The people of Selby are passive and have out-of-date views.C. Corrigan is the youngest person ever elected inUKhistory.D. Corrigan intends to increase Selby’s youth’spolitical involvement.3. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “backing” in Paragraph 4?A. ApprovalB. AppreciationC. PraiseD. SupportBIn recent years, with the development of technology, it is common to see robots into our homes in the form of toys and vacuums (吸尘器) without question. Children’s toys that rely on robotics for both entertainment and education are becoming more popular and more easily accessible. Robot vacuums, too, are so popular that the Roomba has even earned itself a name in popular television.A selection of other household wares can be purchased and owned for a reasonable cost, but they all look and perform like vacuums. Our domestic helpers are currently designed to vacuuming, mopping, sweeping and mowing.Of course the best known of these is the Roomba, but there is actually some competition amongst the autonomous vacuum manufacturers. Roomba, made by iRobot, now comes in several designs and has been through many versions of improvements. The basic model is just about $400, but there’s a more attractive version, complete with a wireless command center to control the robot from anywhere in the home. Samsung also has a vacuum, called the Smart Tango, which makes increased improvements on the Roomba by including brushes for cleaning corners. It’s possible that some of the less well-known vacuums might be even more exciting, like the Neato Robotics XV that takes on a square shape to better clean corners. Incremental (增值的) improvements are what drive the home robot industry.Now that domestic robots are becoming more popular, the near future should be exciting. If we are going to welcome robots into our lives and our homes, we should expect them to work for it, and work hard. It’s the dawn of the robot revolution, whether we like it or not, and it would be great to see that technology put to use in more innovative(创新的) ways.4. What does Roomba in the passage mean?A. A man’s name who has bought a domestic robot.B. A name of a big company who makes robots.C. A type of vacuum whose name is Roomba.D. A place where people can buy proper robots.5. The Smart Tango is different from other types in that ________.A. it has a wireless command centerB. it has brushes for cleaning cornersC. it is more famous and excitingD. it is driven without electricity6. What can we infer according to the last paragraph?A. Domestic robots will free us from housework.B. Domestic robots will become cheaper and cheaper.C. Domestic robots have brought environmental revolution.D. Domestic robots takes the lead in science and technology.7. What does the author intend to tell in the passage?A. Domestic robots are closely related to our daily life.B. It is interesting to see domestic robots at home.C. Domestic robots are too expensive for most people.D. It is convenient to buy a domestic robot.CAmerican football was the fastest-growing sport for US young players last year, according to a survey sponsored by the sport's governing body.But it was the game's no tackle variety that showed the biggest increase－a finding that may reflect concerns about injury. In American football, a tackle (抢断球) refers to an attempt to stop an opponent by forcing them to the ground.The number of participants in football grew in 2015 while most other sport, except baseball, posted a decline, USA Football said on Monday, citing(引用) the findings of a survey of 30,000 children and teenagers.Participation in flag football (a no-tackle type of football) increased by 8.7 percent among children aged 6 to 14, while tackle football rose by 1.9 percent. For that age group, the only other sport that grew was baseball, with a 3. 3 percent increase.In the 15-to-18 age group, flag football rose by 10. 5 percent, while tackle grew by 2.5 percent.Basketball was the third, with a 1. 1 percent increase. Participation in all other sports declined.Tom Farrey, executive director of the Aspen Institute's Sports & Society Program, said he was surprised that flag football participation rose so much.“The trend suggests that parents aremarching to the beat of a different drummer, in pursuing flagas an alternative for their kids," he said.The findings come at a time of increasing concern about the risk associated with youth sports, particularlyhockey (曲棍球) and football, where medical researchers have warned about the risk of concussions (damagesto the brain caused by violent blows to the head) and death linked to brain injury.USA Football, anIndianapolis,Indianabased nonprofit funded in part by the National Football League, believed that the increases resulted from better safety and health education."Football participation increases, even modest increases, may signal that programs such as our Heads Up Football program and practice guidelines are making a positive difference," said Scot Hallenbeck, USA Football chief executive, in a statement.Robert Cantu, aBostonUniversityneurosurgery professor and investigator at the school's chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) Center said the increase in fag football participation signaled that more parents were directing children to a safe alternative8. What can we learn about the two age groups?A. Flag football grew the fastest in the 6-to-18 group.B. Tackle football grew he fastest in the 6-to-14 group.C. Participation in baseball declined the most in both groupsD. Participation in tackle football increased the most in both groups.9. The underlined part probably means ________.A working at a different paceB. behaving in a different wayC. ignoring the major differencesD. trying to accept different opinions10. The popularity of flag football is inked with the fact thatA. its rules have been adapted for young playersB. it receives more funds than other varietiesC. tackle football is an old-fashioned gameD. experts worry about children's safety11. What is the cause of football growth according to USA Football?A. Their safety programs are successful.B. More children show interest in the game.C. Football is less likely to cause concussions.D. There are different types of football to choose from.DJanet Fein, aged 84, received her bachelor's degree from the University last week, having waited a long time for her chance to reach that goal.Growing up in the Bronx area ofNew York City, Fein worked at a dress manufacturer after graduating early at the age of 16. After getting married, she spent 18 years staying home with her children. She held several jobs through her life, including 20 years as a secretary at a hospital until her retirement at age 77.Fein has had a full life. But even then, she was not ready to take it easy and rest during a well-earned retirement. She decided to major in sociology because she felt it was “substantial.”Fein took part in a state program that lets people who are 65 and older take free classes at public universities in Texasand kept going to class even as her health conditions worsened. During her studies, it became necessary for her to use a walker to get around and she required oxygen. She also developed knee problems. So, Fein took online classes to finish the last part of her degree requirements.Sheila Rollerson, Fein' scollege advisor, and Carol, the professor told the media that Fein never showed signs of giving up even with all of her difficulties. She would speak up a lot in class and it just made for a more interesting class.Fein has also inspired Renee Brown, one of Fein's caregivers. At 53, Renee plans to begin nursing school to further her career. “Renee, you can do it. If I can do it you can do it, and you will feel so good about it,” Brown remembers what Fein told her.12. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. Janet Fein's growthB. Janet Fein's aimC. Janet Fein's job experiencesD. Janet Fein's regrets13. What does the underlined phrase “substantial” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. InterestingB. ValuableC. EasyD. Affordable14. What can be learned about Fein according to the passage?A. Fein lived on little money after her retirement.B. Fein had a problem with her arms while at universities.C. The Internet played a role in Fein's university education.D. The good health helped Fein get her bachelor's degree.15. What is Janet Fein like according to the passage?A. Hardworking and humorous.B. Determined and generous.C. Positive and patient.D. Inspiring and perseverant.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021年南京大学附属中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated in the beautiful Sichuan Basin, Chongqing is a magical 8D city. The natural history and cultural scenery of the area provide children with learning opportunities because they can enjoy the many wonders of this area.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointTiankeng Diqiao Scenic Area is located in the southern mountainous area of Fengjie County. The Tiankeng pit is 666 meters deep and is currently the deepest tiankeng in the world. The scenic spot is divided into ten areas including Xiaozhai Tiankeng, Tianjingxia Ground, Labyrinth River, and Longqiao River. There are many and weird karst cave shafts, and countless legends haunt them.Youyang Peach GardenYouyang Taohuayuan Scenic Area is a national forest park, a national 5A-level scenic spot, and a national outdoor sports training base. Located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain. The Fuxi Cave in the scenic spot is about 3,000 meters long, with winding corridors, deep underground rivers, and color1 ful stalactites. The landscape is beautiful.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveJinyun Mountain is located in Beibei District of Chongqing City, about 45 kilometers away from the Central District of Chongqing City. The nine peaks of Jinyun Mountain stand upright and rise from the ground. The ancient trees on the mountain are towering, the green bamboos form the forest, the environment is quiet, and the scenery is beautiful, so it is called "Little Emei". Among them, Yujian Peak is the highest, 1050 meters above sea level; Lion Peak is the most precipitous and spectacular, and the other peaks are also unique.Chongqing People's SquareChongqing's Great Hall of the People, one of the landmarks of Chongqing, gives people the deepest impression than its magnificent appearance resembling the Temple of Heaven. It also uses the traditional method of central axis symmetry, with colonnade-style double wings and a tower ending, plus a large green glazed roof, large red pillars, white railings, double-eave bucket arches, and painted carved beams.1.How deep is the Tiankeng Ground Joint?A.666mB.3,000mC.45kmD.1050m2.Which of the following rocks can you see in Youyang Peach Garden?A.LimestoneB.StalactiteC.MarbleD.Quartzite3.Which attraction is closest to downtown Chongqing?A.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointB.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveC.Chongqing People's SquareD.Youyang Peach GardenBAs I was walking home，a boy seemed to be singing a song in a very low voice，walking infront of me and carrying some of the same high school books I had with me.I caught up to him，and said “Hello”．I could tell he wasstartled，and dropped one of his books.I picked it up and as I handed it to him，he said “Thank you.” in a strange way，like witha strong accent.We soon began walking together and talking.It turns out he was in my science class，and I didn’t even know it!His name was Ahmad，and his family had just moved here this school year.He invited me into his house，and his family treated me like a special guest，which made me feel very welcome.He said hospitality (好客) is very basic to his culture，and strangers were always treated very kindly.His mom brought out some great food，and offered me some tea.Ahmad’s father and two sisters wanted to hearall about me and my family，and my schooling.Ahmad’s whole family had to leave their lifelong home because war had broken out，and it wasn’t safe there anymore.They left with only what they could carry.His family was happy to feel safe，and they got used toAmerican culture quickly.They seemed pleased that Ahmad had brought a friend home to meet them.And as my friendship with Ahmad has continued，I now realize that the world is so much bigger than I thought！I also realize that your friends don’t have to be just like you.Differences make the world go round.4. What does the underlined word “startled” in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Excited.B. Moved.C. Surprised.D. Interested.5. Why was the writer treated like a special guest by Ahmad’s family?A. They liked strangers who came to their home for help.B. They wanted to know more information about the writer.C. Strangers were always treated very kindly in their culture.D. The writer was an American and knew much about their culture.6. Where does the writer probably come from?A. Canada.B. America.C. China.D. Australia.7. What can we learn from the passage?A. People from different countries can be good friends.B. Friends need different cultures and different accents.C. Your friends should have a lot of things the same with you.D. You can’t make friends with people from other countries.CMy school appeared on the news last week because we had made an important change in our local area. Our class had planted a large garden in what was once only a vacant lot. It was a lot of work but it was all worth it. I got blisters(水泡) from digging, and we all got insect bites, too.I learned a lot about gardening and collaboration(合作), and then I learned about the media. Our teacher telephoned the TV station and informed them of what we had accomplished. She spoke with the producer. The producer checked with the directors, but they said there were plenty of stories similar to ours. They wanted to know what was special about our particular garden, since many schools plant them.The teacher explained that, after going on the Internet to learn about the prairie(大草原), we had made a prairie garden. We had gone to a prairie and gotten seeds from the plants, and then we planted them. We did not water the garden, but we did weed it. We decided to let nature water it with rain, since that was how prairies grew in the past. We sent a picture of the garden to the news station. In the picture, the grass was so high that it stood taller than the fourth grade students.As a result, the producer sent a reporter to our school. He interviewed the headmaster and asked him many questions about the garden. After that, they interviewed us, and we explained to them what we had learned through this project.That night, we watched the news, and there we were. The news reporter told our story. It was only two minutes long, but it was us. We were famous. All that work, all those blisters, it was worth it. We knewthatwhen we saw the garden every day, but now we knew that the whole city thought so, too.8. What seemed to be the TV directors’ initial reaction to the garden?A. They were excited.B. They were surprised.C. They were worried.D. They were uninterested.9. What is special about the garden?A. Weeds were allowed to spread naturally.B. The grass grew faster than common grass.C. The seeds came from the plants of a prairie.D. Underground water was used for the plants.10. What does the underlined word “that” refer to in the last paragraph?A. We got blisters on our hands.B. Our hard work was worthwhile.C. The garden would be famous.D. The project would be finished.11. How did the author feel about the project?A. Annoyed.B. Curious.C. Proud.D. Regretful.DA male tiger was rescued in Mishan city, Northeast China's Heilongjiang province, on Friday. A tiger was recently seen on the Siner Russian border（边界），but there is no evidence to suggest this is the same tiger or that it had lost its way from Russia.Wherever it may have come from, cross-border protection of endangered species is a problem. According to Ma Jianzhang, a senior wild animal researcher in China, tigers know no borders, which have been built to stop humans from illegally crossing over. However, these borders also stop the free movement of tigers, thus preventing their breeding（繁殖）and exchange of genes.The Sino-Russian border alsocomes in the way ofprotecting tigers in the region. Data show about 500 to 550 Siberian tigers, or over 90 percent of the species, live in the wild in Russia; 27 live in the wild in China, and 50 inthe border region. Sometimes tigers lose their way across the border and that is hindering（妨碍）efforts to stop illegal hunting and protecting them.Fortunately, both China and Russia have realized this problem and are working toward solving it. As early as 2010, the two countries established a cross-border protection network aimed at strengthening communication on protecting tigers in the northeast. The countries have also held anti-poaching（反偷猎）activities together. In 2019, two national parks from the two countries signed a three-year deal to share research data on tigers, greatly improving the living conditions of Siberian tigers in the wild.However, much more needs to be done to protect the species. It is necessary to combine the tiger protection areas in the two countries. That will require greater efforts from both sides and some difficulties might remain even then. Fortunately, both countries have been taking effective measures to provide the endangered species a better home.12. What's the original purpose of setting up the Sino-Russian borders?A. To ban people from illegal crossings.B. To help protect tigers in the region.C. To protect tigers from losing their way.D. To stop tigers' breeding and exchange of genes.13. What does the underlined phrase “comes in the way of” probably mean?A. keeps from.B. is on the way toC. is aimed atD. keeps up14. What is the focus of Paragraph 4 ?A. Recent studies and researches on tigers.B. Joint efforts by China and Russia to protect tigers.C. The possible effects of establishing a networkD. Reasons for improving the living conditions of tigers.15. What's the author's purpose in writing the text?A. To inform the possible dangers of tiger protection.B. To cover the news about a missing tiger on the border.C. To put forward suggestions on finding the missing tiger.D. To report the problems and measures of cross-border tiger protection.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021届南京大学附属中学高三英语期末试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AShopping centers，stadiums and universities may soon have a new tool to help fight crime.ACaliforniacompany called Knightscope says its robots can predict and prevent crime. Knightscope says the goal is to reduce crime by half in areas the robots guard.William Santana Li is the chief executive officer of Knightscope. He says，"These robot security guards will change the world. Our planet has more than seven billion people on it. It's going to quickly get to nine billion people. The security equipmentthat we have globally is just not going to develop that fast. The company's Autonomous Data Machines can become the eyes and ears of law enforcement（执法）.""You want them to be machines plus humans. Let. the machines do the heavy and sometimes dangerous work and let the humans do the strategic decision-making work，so it's always working all together."The machines do not carry weapons but they have day and night video cameras which are able to turn 360 degrees and can also sense chemical and biological weapons.Some people may become concerned about their privacy, especially in connection with the video recordings. Some people may worry that such recordings will appear on the Internet. Eugene Volokh, a law professor at the UCLA School of Law, says the machines have to be used in the right way and it will be interesting to see how state laws deal with this kind of video.William Santana Li says there is a long waiting list for the robots in theUS. Workers in the company are working overtime to meet the demands of the market. At least 25 other countries are also interested in these robot security guards.1. What can this new tool do for humans?A. Make strategic decisions.B. Keep watching day and night.C. Carry heavy weapons.D. Stop crime autonomously.2. Why are some people worried about the new robots?A. Their privacy may be let out.B. The robots are very expensive.C. Robots will replace humans.D. They will be out of work soon.3. Which of the following can be the best title of the text?A. Robots Are Becoming More PopularB. Robots Contribute aLotto the WorldC. Robots Are in Great Demand NowD. Security Robots Could Help Cut CrimeBIn the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact（影响）on the environment. After all, you were jumping into your car, driving across town, coughing out emissions（产生排放）and using gas all the way. But now that we're used to staying at home and streaming movies, we might get a littleproud. After all, we're just picking up our phones and maybe turning on the TV. You're welcome. Mother Nature.Not so fast, says a recent report from the French-based Shift Project. According to "Climate Crisis: The Unsustainable Use of Online Video", digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions, and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year. Watching a half-hour show would cause 1. 6 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions. That's like driving 6. 28 kilometers. And in the European Union, the Eureca project found that data centers（where videos are stored）there used 25% more energy in 2017 compared to just three years earlier, reports the BBC.Streaming is only expected to increase as webecome more enamored ofour digital devices（设备）and the possibility of enjoying entertainment where and when we want it increases. Online video use is expected to increase by four times from 2017 to 2022 and account for 80% of all Internet traffic by 2022. By then, about 60% of the world's population will be online.You're probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there're things you can do to help lessen the impact of your online use, experts say. For example, according to Lutz Stobbe, a researcher from the Fraunhofer Institute in Berlin, we have no need to upload 25 pictures of the same thing to the cloud because it consumes energy every time. If instead you delete a few things here and there, you can save energy. Moreover, it's also a good idea to stream over Wi-Fi, watch on the smallest screen you can, and turn off your Wi-Fi in your home if you're not using your devices.4. What topic is the first paragraph intended to lead in?A. The environmental effects of driving private cars.B. The improvements on environmental awareness.C. The change in the way people seek entertainment.D The environmental impacts of screaming services.5. What does the underlined phrase become more enamored of" in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Get more skeptical of.B. Become more aware of.C. Feel much crazier about.D. Get more worried about.6. What can we infer about the use of streaming services?A. It is being reduced to protect the planet.B. Its environmental effects are worsening.C. It is easily available to almost everyone.D. Its side effects have drawn global attention.7. Which of the following is the most environmentally-friendly?A. Watching downloaded movies on a mobile phone.B. Downloading music on a personal computer.C. Uploading a lot of images of the same thing.D. Playing online games over mobile networks.CWhy do you check social media? Is it to keep up with everything that your friends and family are doing? Is it to find new trendy spots to eat?Regardless of the reason, you may find yourself with different degrees of envy or discomfort after a quick look at your phone. Then you might be suffering from a phenomenon known as “Fear of Missing Out (FOMO). ”While the phenomenon of FOMO can be traced back for centuries, it had never been the issue as it is today, causing widespread discussion and research. This rise in checking social media is naturally connected to the increasing leading position that social media holds over our lives. Every time someone opens their WeChat Moments, Facebook, Twitter... etc. , they are bombarded with the highlight reels of other peoples' lives. A sunny beach, delicious-looking food, a super cute kitten-they are all uplifting photos, yet they're very likely to bring about more unhappiness than joy. You see, the first thought to come out of your mind may be “Wow, that's so cool/delicious/cute”, but then it takes a hard U-turn. You're thinking: “I wish I were there” or “my life is so boringcompared to his/hers.” The more you see, the more likely you are to have these negative feelings.What's worse is the habit many people have of turning to social media in search of happiness when they are feeling down, not realizing that they are just going to end up in a negative cycle of endless disappointment. Montesquieu once said: “If one only wished to be happy, this could be easily accomplished; but we wish to be happier than other people, and this is always difficult, for we believe others to be happier than they are.”FOMO will go hand in hand with dissatisfaction and envy. Appreciate what you already have, because someone else out there in the world would gladly give everything to be you.8. What is the purpose of the questions in paragraph 1?A. To introduce the topic of the passage.B. To explain the function of FOMO.C. To describe the features of FOMO.D. To give the reasons for checking social media.9. How might people feel seeing other's perfect life through social media?A. Joyful.B. Admiring.C. Comfortable.D. Envious.10. What can we conclude from Montesquieu's words in paragraph 3?A. We could turn to social media for happiness.B. We couldn't realise our dream without hard work.C. We couldn't harvest happiness through comparison.D. We could live better than others by showing ourselves online.11. What is the author's attitude towards FOMO?A. Indifferent.B. Objective.C. Doubtful.D. Hopeful.DBecoming famous is the dream of many, and Tian is getting closer to that dream.Tian, 30, is a white-collar worker inBeijing. On short video application Douyin, Tian has more than 2,000 fans. So far, she has received more than 50,000 likes on the Dubsmash-like app. On her page on Douyin, Tian shares everything, from her son’s daily activities, to her pet dogs, to little skits (段子) made up by her and her husband. “Making funny videos, and combining them with music is really interesting,” Tian said. “Of course, I make the videos for fun because it is quite relaxing.”China’s short video market has seen great growth, according to areport. The report said thatChina’s short video market was valued at 5.73 billion yuan ($900 million) in 2017, an increase of 184 percent. The industry value is expected to go up to the 30 billion mark in 2020. Companies like Tencent, Sohu and Iqiyi have all started providing short video content.“Short videos are popular because they are an addition to traditional audio and video content on the internet,” said Sun Jiashan with the Chinese National Academy of Arts.Fans say that the short videos help them “chill out” from a stressed-out lifestyle. “My favorite videos are all about pets,” said Zhou Na, a nurse inHefei, capital of East China’sAnhuiprovince. “After a whole day’s work, watching the 15-second videos makes me laugh, which reduces my pressure.”12. Why does Tian make short videos in Douyin?A. To get fun.B. To become a well-known person.C. To attract fans.D. To record her family’s routine.13. What’s Sun Jiashan’s opinion about short videos?A. They have huge value.B. They greatly reduce people’s pressure.C. They make people’s star dreams come true.D. They enrich internet audio and video content.14. What does the underlined words “chill out” probably mean?A. Catch a cold.B. Feel cold.C. Calm down.D. Become concerned.15. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. Every Chinese is using Douyin.B. China’s short video market is open.C. Douyin brings the Chinese great happiness.D.China’s short video market has developed rapidly.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。