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作文专讲作文是英语学习中的重点, 也是难点。
要想写出流畅的作文, 必须多欣赏优秀范文,熟悉文章体裁,了解文章框架,形成写作套路,积累精美语言。
只有记诵一定量的优秀范文, 才能保证写作的流畅输出! 同学们要注重错句改正及优秀句子的积累, 注重优秀范文的背诵和写作, 大家一定要积极参与其中, 不断提高自身对英语的感悟能力和使用能力! 要写出好的作文, 平时必须多看范文, 多分析范文。
积累有用的词汇、词组和句型。
每次作文评改后发回来,要及时改正所犯的错误, 以后不要再犯同样的错误。
好的作文必须经过千锤百炼, 多练习多归纳多进步!“ 读写任务” 的写作过程:1把握阅读材料的结构、思路、观点与意图;2概括阅读材料的观点(论证过程3在“ 写作内容” 的引导下写作。
在写概括的时候 , 不能添加自己的见解, 但是要用自己的语言概括。
要做到开门见山,语言简洁 .如果给的阅读材料是一个故事, 应该用最简练的语言来说明故事讲述了什么, 不能拖泥带水,而且要看原文是否有讲述该故事给你的启示或其中的一个道理。
如果是说明性或描述性短文 , 你就必须用概括的文字来说明某种现象。
如果是议论文的阅读短文 , 则要尽可能客观简要地转述阅读材料的观点。
在议论部分 ,第一段开头语:1 According to the passage, we know…2 This article is mainly about…3 The writer states that…4 The passage tells us that…第二段 :过渡词引出主题句 ---自己的观点 ---理由• 开头用语:• I do agree with the author…• In some way, I agree with …, but…• This opinion sounds right but is hardly practical.• It is definitely not like that. As a matter of fact, …• From my personal angle alone…• In my opinion,…• From my personal point of view…• As far as I’m concerned…第三段 [最后一段 ] : 总结句开头用语:• In conclusion,…• In short,…• To make a long story short,…• In general,…• In a word,…• In belief,…• On the whole,…• All in all,…练习如何写概括:1.记叙文A boy once stole a girl’s bicycle. He took the stolen bicycle home to his mother. The boy's mother did not punish him. Instead, she told her son that he was clever for doing so. Soon after, the boy stole a loaf of bread and brought it home. His mother thanked her son saving her money. When the boy grew up, stealing had become his habit. He often stole things he didn't even want. Then, one day, the man got caught and was going to be killed. The man's mother went to see her son in prison. "Why have you done these tings?" his mother asked. "Lean closer to me and I'll tell you," replied her son. But when his mother leaned closer her son, he bit off her ear. "I've always done these things, mother," said the man. "But you never told me they were wrong."____________________________________________________________________ _ _____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________2. 议论文Some people think studying under pressure keeps us motivated. Maybe a little pressure does good to us, but too much pressure is not favorable to students. Scientific studies show people studying under too much pressure generally don't perform as well as they do when they are not under extreme pressure. Psychologically, too much pressure can lead to mental problems or disorders. In recent years, there has been an increase in stress-related diseases among college and high-school students. A newspaper article says many students admit that they have cheated in exams because of excessive pressurecoming from their parents and teachers who demand high marks in their examination. So, appropriate pressure is acceptable, or we will face a terrible situation.To think:1. Which sentence is the topic sentence?2. Which sentences are the supporting sentences?3. Which sentence is the concluding sentence?____________________________________________________________________ _ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _ _____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________3. 说明文Transportation has been developing rapidly in recent years, especially in large cities. However, it must be admitted that, along with the benefits of the rapid development of urban traffic, there have come certain problems. One of the biggest problems is traffic jams in some heavily-populated cities. It has become common to see passengers and drivers having to wait in long lines and buses and cars m oving at a snail’s pace on the streets during the rush hours.There are several reasons for this problem. First, the number of vehicles is increasing much more rapidly than the building of roads. No sooner has a new road been completed and opened public traffic than it is crowded with all kinds of vehicles. Second, there seem to be too many private cars and not enough public buses. In most cases, a car carries only one or two people, while it occupies almost half the space a bus does. Third, many people, including drivers, pedestrians and cyclists do not obey traffic rules properly, especially at busy hours. And this undoubtedly worsens the already serious situation.____________________________________________________________________ _ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________读写任务 (共 l 小题,满分 25分阅读下面的新闻报道,然后按照要求写一篇 150词左右的英语短文。
高考语文第一轮复习信息类阅读专题五：概括内容要点·学生版复习目标1.掌握归纳概括的方法技巧。
2.掌握归纳概括题的步骤要点。
考情微观年份卷别提问方式设题角度命题特点2022年新高考Ⅱ卷4.请根据材料二，简要说明杨宪益与霍克思对译文艺术性的理解有何不同。
(4分)概括内容要点①概括是阅读的基础。
概括内容要点是新高考卷最重要的考点，未来还是会频繁出现的。
②概括内容要点命题较灵活，可以采用选择题形式，也可以采用简答题形式。
概括的区间不只限于某一则材料，因此，要特别注意材料间的关联。
5.评价一部中国典籍译本是否优秀，可以有哪些标准？请结合材料进行概括。
(6分)2020年新高考Ⅰ卷4.请结合材料内容，给历史地理学下一个简要定义。
(4分)下定义知识图要真题演练(2022·新高考Ⅱ)阅读下面的文字，完成后面任务。
材料一：中国学者进入典籍英译领域时间相对较晚，据现有汉学书目统计，中国典籍译本绝大多数是由西方汉学家或独立、或在中国合作者帮助下完成的。
传教士以降的西方译者为中国典籍的异域传播做出了不可磨灭的贡献，但以往的西方译者翻译中国文化典籍时，大多采取迎合译语读者的翻译策略，翻译过程中曲解、误译中国文化之处比比皆是。
此外，中国古代经典文本的语言具有语义的浑圆性、语法的意合性和修辞的空灵性这三大特点，使得绝大多数外国学习者难以在较短的时间内触及中华文化的内核。
然而，典籍英译的主要目的，是向西方世界介绍真正的中国传统文化，促进中西文化交流和发展，让西方了解真正的中国。
我们应当客观、公正地看待中国典籍翻译实践和接受之间的窘况与差距，从典籍翻译大家身上汲取翻译的智慧，获取前行的指导和力量。
在这方面，对杨宪益、戴乃迭(英国籍)合译的与英国人霍克思翻译的《红楼梦》译本的比较，是一个值得我们静下心来认真思考的课题。
这两个译本于20世纪70年代出版，三位译者皆因此获得巨大声誉，也同时掀起了翻译界此后对两种译本经久不息的对比研究热潮。
读写任务写作是具有一定开放性的写作命题分为三步走，即：“概括摘要+ 任务过渡+要点拓展”选材内容：考生熟悉或比较熟悉的题材,以议论文或记叙文为主。
读写任务写作必须注意：1．首段(main idea)：用一两句话概述原文内容要点，约30个词；(三、四行)2．主体(要点)：依据材料陈述自我观点并加以例证来验证；（2,3,4自然段）广东高考英语读写任务01——概括一、记叙文的概括——串联要素法记叙文的概要, 一般包括记叙文的六个要素(who; when; where; what; how; why), 也就是考生应先通读阅读短文，找出这六个要素,然后用自己的话将这六个要素串成一两句话即可。
1. 谁做了什么？(who did what)2. 结果如何？(what was the result)，若是夹叙夹议的文章, 还要加上这个故事给人们的启示或教育。
Passage 01Jackie is perhaps the most easily annoyed koala（考拉）at the Feather dale Wildlife Park in southern Australia. All the koalas there are unhappy and complaining. You would be too if you were used to night activities and someone kept waking you up all day while you were trying to sleep it off. That’s right—sleep it off. The average koala is always half asleep because it feeds on the leaves of a special kind that makes it sleepy.The reason why Jackie and her fellow koalas are repeatedly awoken from their deep sleep is that they can be hugged and photographed by tourists, who make the trips to Feather dale and an increasing number of other national parks for just that special experience. Whatever department in the Aussie government in charge of such things is now moving to make the practice illegal，which is understandable. How would you react, my friend, if you were trying to sleep off a dozen times and some round，furry creature smelling of grass kept waking you?要点：1.who?______________________________________________2. What happened to them?______________________________________________3. Result ?______________________________________________4. Why ?______________________________________________5. Meaning or purpose?____________________________整合所有信息、改写：1.Someone kept waking them.__________________________________________2.The reason why ... is that they can be hugged and photograph by tourists.__________________________________________3.ask us to think and do as animals__________________________________________Summary:：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Passage 02When Sam first got to his boarding school with his parents, he was very happy. He thought he would be able to go home every weekend. When he was told he would not, he started crying because the thought of not seeing his parents was driving him crazy.He was given uniforms and all other things that he would need for the term. He started crying when it was time for his parents to leave. He was then taken to the dorm, where he saw other children happy. He tried as much as he could to fit in but could not because his mind was at home. He started feeling homesick (想家) and wanted to go homes as soon as possible.He got sick soon because he could not eat the school food. He could not concentrate in the classroom. All he could think was being at home with his family. He had no mobile phone or other means to get in touch with his parents. He was angry and felt lonely. He thought his parents hated him and that was why they left him in a boarding school.要点：1.who?___________________________________________2. What happened to them?______________________________________________3. Result ?______________________________________________4. Why ?______________________________________________5. Meaning or purpose?______________________________________________Summary:：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________二、议论文的概括——议论文通常包括论点、论据和结论, 因此写议论文的概要主要是找出主题句(the topic sentences)、支撑句(supporting sentences)和结论句(conclusionsentences)。
读写任务专题复习一———抓实义词遴选关键词，概括短文大意概括可采用“总——分”的形式，即第一句话是主题句，清楚明白地告诉读者短文的主旨（这句话举足轻重），后面的句子对主题句进行解释和支撑，不要写和主题无关的内容。
一，概括大意的步骤：1.寻找关键词关键词的分类：A．主语：短文中出现最多的主语名词，通常就是大意句的主语。
因此阅读时，要记得把每一句的主语划出来。
B．谓语：确定好了“谁”，就要确定“干什么”或者“怎么样”了。
抓好短文中的谓语，就可以很快确定大意句的谓语是社么了，即找到了“干什么”，“怎么样”。
C．形容词：形容词通常会体现作者的观点和态度，这一定程度上决定着下面要点写作中我们该持的态度。
如果短文中形容词整体语气为褒则说明作者赞成这一观点或对这一现象持肯定态度；如果形容词语气为贬，则作者很可能反对这一观点或对这一现象持否定态度。
2.确定主题句文章的主题句首先可以通过所给阅读材料的标题来确定，阅读材料的标题即是文章的观点或主题句。
如果没有标题，就应该根据不同的问题来寻找主题。
A．说明文和新闻报道：先找中心句，通常在首段，然后抓好关键词：对于现象分析型说明文，要找到“现象”，“现象形成原因”及“解决问题的方法和建议”.B．记叙文：找出“五何”，即何时(when)、何地(where)、何人(who)、何事(what)及如何发生(how);如果该短文属于夹叙夹议型记叙文，则要加上作者的看法或感想等，这时要转换视角，即以第三人称或无人称来概括。
C．议论文：找出中心论点以及最后的结论，再补充论据。
二、概括大意的常用句式1.The story is mainly about/ tells us that…2.The story emphasizes /focus on the importance/advantanges/disadvantages …..3.The article mainly conveys the idea that…..4.The article mainly discuss the problem/effect that…../reasons why…..5.The article points out /talks about the common phenomenon that….6.I t’s reported that…../As is reported in the passage, …..7.In this passage, the author/writer states/ thinks/argues that…/tells us about…..三、即使训练(一)“Peking University is no longer open to tour groups of students and adults,”an authority from the university stated this week, in an effort to “protect the normal operation of the university”.However, many pupils and their parents who are attracted to this key university feel frustrated at being refused entry.In the past, Peking University received millions of visitors every year. However, too many visits have had a negative impact on teaching, research and everyday life and led to heavy traffic.The statement has caused a heated discussion nationwide both in real society and online.Some experts applaud the decision to reduce visitor numbers. They say it will improve the annoying status quo(现状) of too many tourists on campus.But group tour visitors oppose the move, claiming that Peking University is not only a university for its students, but a key university for the whole country. It shouldn’t arbitrarily (武断地) shut its door to tour groups.（1）请找出这段短文的关键词：_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ (2)请根据以上关键词，以约30词概括这段短文的主要内容：_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________（二）Howard and Lizzie Sherman, aged fifteen and nine, know that they need to complete all their homework in order to receive their special weekly allowance. The amount may be a little less than usual if they’ve misbehaved, or a bit larger if they have done some extra work around the house or something like that.When the children want to use their allowance, they turn on the family’s computer or television, which is often know as “screen time”. Screen time can be also spent visiting social networking sites like My Space. Instant messaging with friends or playing some no-bad-impact games for a short time. This new currency, used in a growing number of households, works as an allowance because the screen time is highly valued by children and teenagers, and usually restricted by parents. Parents think that their children’s time would be better spent reading a book, playing or talking directly to another person.Whereas, some other parents raise their doubts about it, confusing that whether the way of doing this benefits their children or not.（1）找出这段短文的关键词：_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ (2)请根据以上关键词，以约30词概括这段短文的主要内容_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ (三)Dear Ari,As you sleep in my arms, I’m amazed at how light you feel. I stare at your tiny body, so fragile that a sudden wind could lift you up into the air. I love this feeling of protecting you and dreaming of all I have in store for you. I intend to bring you up to be brave and successful in an often difficult society. That’s why your mommy and I have named you Ari,which means "lion". It’s our hope that you will grow strong and eagerly grasp every opportunity to do well for yourself and others. Before you came into the world, we had spentmonths imagining what you’d be like. Would you be a boy or a girl?Would you look like Mommy, Daddy or your elder brothers? Anyway, we would find out soon.Finally your mother’s labor came. And several hours later, we met the first time. I held you high up in the air. I then was able to cut your umbilical cord (脐带) and put you in your mother’s arms. She still had enough energy to radiate the love while she pressed you to herface. And here we are tonight. As I hold you close, you sleep so peacefully. I press my ear to your chest and hear your strength. I am listening to the first beats of a lion’s heart. Welcome to the world, Ari.Love,Daddy [写作内容]假设你就是信中的Ari，父亲在你出生的时候写了这封信。
概括内容要点Teaching aims: 结合广东省模拟试题的读写任务的具体分析,本节课讨论读写任务写作中的概括短文的内容要点的做法。
Procedures:1.Introduction:Rating criteria:概括部分(即文章的第一段)占5分,要求“按要求概括了全部主要信息,没有增加与原文无关的信息,没有照抄原文句子。
语言结构正确,行文规范。
”好的开头是成功的一半。
文章的第一段甚至第一个句子往往影响了评卷老师的主观印象。
若想应试作文拿高分,第一段在很大程度上奠定了这篇文章的档次。
2. How to write summary(1) Examine the topic题目要求概括全文的内容要点最为常见:”请用30个词概括短文的要点”;但也有更具体的。
如,2007年广东卷读写任务,要求概括父母对“我”的希望;佛山二模,要求概括作者喜欢与朋友共处的原因等等。
因此,审清楚题目要求是非常重要的。
A: 注意关键词(题眼)并使用适当的英文词汇表达。
Passage 1 阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Dear Ari,As you sleep in my arms, I?m amazed at how light you feel. I stareat your tiny body, so fragile that a sudden wind could lift you up into the air. I love this feeling of protecting you and dreaming of all I have in store for you.I intend to bring you up to be brave and successful in an often difficult society. That?s why your mommy and I have named you Ari, which means “lion”.It?s our hope that you will grow strong and eagerly grasp every opportunity to do well for yourself and others.Before you came into the world, we had spent months imagining what you?d be like. Would you be a boy or a girl? Would you look like Mommy, Daddy or your elder brothers? Anyway, we would find out soon.Finally your mother?s labor came. And several hours later, we met the first time. I held you high up in the air. I then was able to cut your umbilical cord(脐带) and put you in your mother?s arms. She still had enough energy to radiate the love while she pressed you to her face.And here we are tonight. As I hold you close, you sleep so peacefully. I press my ear to your chest and hear your strength. I am listening to the first beats of a lion?s heart. Welcome to the world, Ari.Love,Daddy [写作内容]假设你就是信中的Ari,父亲在你出生的时候写了这封信。
概括内容要点Teaching aims: 结合广东省模拟试题的读写任务的具体分析，本节课讨论读写任务写作中的概括短文的内容要点的做法。
Procedures:1.Introduction:Rating criteria:概括部分（即文章的第一段）占5分，要求“按要求概括了全部主要信息，没有增加与原文无关的信息，没有照抄原文句子。
语言结构正确，行文规范。
”好的开头是成功的一半。
文章的第一段甚至第一个句子往往影响了评卷老师的主观印象。
若想应试作文拿高分，第一段在很大程度上奠定了这篇文章的档次。
2. How to write summary(1) Examine the topic题目要求概括全文的内容要点最为常见:”请用30个词概括短文的要点”；但也有更具体的。
如，2007年广东卷读写任务，要求概括父母对“我”的希望；佛山二模，要求概括作者喜欢与朋友共处的原因等等。
因此，审清楚题目要求是非常重要的。
A: 注意关键词（题眼）并使用适当的英文词汇表达。
Passage 1 阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Dear Ari,As you sleep in my arms, I‟m amazed at how light you feel. I stare at your tiny body, so fragile that a sudden wind could lift you up into the air. I love this feeling of protecting you and dreaming of all I have in store for you.I intend to bring you up to be brave and successful in an often difficult society. That‟s why your mommy and I have named you Ari, which means “lion”.It‟s our hope that you will grow strong and eagerly grasp every opportunity to do well for yourself and others.Before you came into the world, we had spent months imagining what you‟d be like. Would you be a boy or a girl? Would you look like Mommy, Daddy or your elder brothers? Anyway, we would find out soon.Finally your mother‟s labor came. And several hours later, we met the first time. I held you high up in the air. I then was able to cut your umbilical cord(脐带) and put you in your mother‟s arms. She still had enough energy to radiate the love while she pressed you to her face.And here we are tonight. As I hold you close, you sleep so peacefully. I press my ear to your chest and hear your strength. I am listening to the first beats of a lion‟s heart. Welcome to the world, Ari.Love,Daddy ［写作内容］假设你就是信中的Ari，父亲在你出生的时候写了这封信。
今天是父亲50岁生日，你准备以写信的方式，祝贺他的生日。
以下是信的内容(信的开头和结尾已经为你写好)：1.以约30个词概括父亲在他信中对你的期望；2.以约120个词表达你对父亲的感恩，并包括如下要点：(1)读信后的感受；(2)以你自己成长的经历说明你的感受；(3)表达你对父亲的感激和祝福。
Dear Daddy,Tonight is your 50th birthday, and I haven‟t really got the chance to say all of my thanks Iwant to tell you.如上述2007广东卷，关键词是__________,因此必须要用_________________表达出来；同理，Passage 2（佛山二模），关键词是__________________-.用________________表达出来。
Passage 2 阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Some people prefer to spend most of their time alone．Others like to be with friends most of the time．Do you prefer to spend your time alone or with friends?I prefer to spend most of my time with friends, because friends offer excitement and new ideas，they can comfort me when something bad happens，and spending too much time by myself can be boring．Friends can offer excitement and flesh ideas to a situation．For example，if I am shopping，a friend makes the experience more fun．We can look at things together, and explore our likes and dislikes．Friends Can also comfort me if something bad happens．If I get bad news．and a friend is around，I do not have to feel bad by myself．A friend will try and cheer me up，and attempt to take my mind off whatever negative things happened．For example．1ast year I broke my leg and was in a cast all summer I had friends around me to cheer me up and distract me from the misfortune．Overall．I think having friends around me is the best way for me to spend my time．【写作内容】1．以约30个词概括作者喜欢与朋友共处的原因；2．然后以约120个词写一篇短文，包括以下要点：(1)你愿意独处还是与朋友共处?(2)请简要说明原因，并以你的经历来支持你的观点。
又如，新闻报道类，__________________________________Passage 3 （Xinhua）—The country‟s Ministry of Education on They a nnounced a pilot program to teach students in primary and secondary schools its traditional Peking Opera. Deemed one of the nation‟s unique cultural treasures, the opera will be added into music courses for 200 schools in 10 provinces，municipalities and autonomous regions throughout China.The move，immediately drew heated reaction from the public. ……I support this project wholeheartedly”, said Zhu Shihui，a renowned Peking Opera performer. “Interest should be fostered since childhood. I myself began to get fascinated with Peking Opera while in primary schoo1. It eventually became my lifetime career”, he told Xinhua. The general public, however, are not enthusiastic. Nearly 70 percent of voters were against the project. In another opinion poll by China‟s lea ding web portal Sina. com，of over 21,000 respondents，only 27 percent believe setting，up the course will help promote traditional Chinese culture. Nearly 38. Percent think the course should not be compulsory as students‟ choices should be respected，and the remaining 35 percent propose different local operas be taught in different areas since China boasts a hugereservoir of local operas【写作内容】l. 以约30个词概括该则新闻报道的主要内容；2. 以约120个词对“是否应该在中小学开展京剧必修课”表达你的观点，并包括以下要点：（1）简述在中小学开展京剧必修课这一做法的意义；（2）你是否同意将京剧定为中小学的必修课并说明你的理由。
