阅读(10)答案

高中英语真题:高考英语阅读理解、书面表达自练（10）答案（三月）阅读理解。

【2014·枣庄高三模拟】If you choose only to complain and escape from a misfortune ，it will always follow you wherever you go.But if you decide to be strong，the hardship will turn out to be a fortune on which new hopes will arise.In an accident，a boy lost both his arms and his father—who was the main source of support for the family.Since then ，he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother.For the sake of taking care of him，his younger brother became his shadow，never leaving him alone for years.Except for writing with his to es，he was completely unable to do anything in his life.As the two brothers grew up together，they had their share of problems and they would often quarrel.Then one day，his younger brother wanted to leave，living his own life，as many normal people do.So he was heartbroken and didn’t know what to do.A similar misfortune befell a girl，too.One night her mother，who suffered from chronic (慢性的) mental illness，disappeared.Her father went out to look for her mother，leaving her alone at home.She tried to prepare meals for her parents，only to overturn the kerosene light on the stove，resulting in a fire which took her hands away.Though her elder sister who was studying in another city，showed her willingness to take care of her，she was determined to be completely independent.At school ，she always studied hard.Most of all she learned to be selfrelia nt.One day，the boy and the girl were both invited to appear on a televisio n interview program.The boy told the TV host about his uncert ain future at being left on his own，whereas the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life.They both were asked to write something on a piece of paper with their t oes.The boy wrote：My younger brother’s arms are my arms；while the girl wrote：Broken wings，flying heart.1．What attitude should we take towards a misfortune in the author’s opinion?A．Trying to find an escape from it.B．Facing it bravely with a positive mind.C．Asking for help from your relatives.D．Ignoring it and living a normal life.2．After the accident，the boy________.A．decided to live with his brotherB．learnt to do things with his toesC．made a living all by himselfD．depended wholly on his brother3．Which of the following is true of the girl?A．She lost her mother in an accident.B．Her sister took good care of her.C．She was optimistic and full of courage.D．She led a poor life with her father.4．What did the girl mean by “Broken wings，flying heart”？A．Never give up hopes in face of hardship.B．It’s not easy for her to live a normal life.C．If a bird loses its wings，it cannot fly.D．If you lose your hands，your life will be hard.5．How does the author develop the text?A．In the order of time.B．By making a comparison.C．By listing facts.D．In the order of importance.语篇解读本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。

部编版小学语文三年级下册阅读理解（一）听说城里孩子有许多玩具，那都是从商店里买来的，他们在家里和玩具做游戏。

他们不知道，我们农村孩子也有自己的玩具和游戏。

春天，我们采来山花和野草，编成花环戴在头上；我们摘片树叶吹口哨，引得小鸟跟着叫。

夏天，我们喜欢在湖边打水漂，看石片在水里钻进钻出。

我们还经常举行游泳比赛，不管自由式，还是狗刨式，只要游在前头，就是冠军。

秋天，丰收的场院热闹起来。

男孩最爱玩打仗，一个个草垛成了堡垒，曲曲折折的地形还真让人有点摸不着头脑。

女孩子最爱在草垛里捉迷藏，把自己埋在草堆里，叫你半天找不到。

冬天，冰天雪地更有趣。

我们堆雪人，打雪仗。

钉一个小雪车，尖叫着从高坡上滑下。

男孩子喜欢削个木陀螺，在冰面上把它抽得团团转。

女孩子喜欢自己缝沙包，丢来丢去真开心。

我们的玩具是自己动手制作的，我们有自己的玩法，我们特别快乐。

1．选择题。

选择正确的答案，填上序号。

(12分)(1)根据文章的主要内容，给短文选个合适的题目。

()A．游泳比赛B．春天的景色C．我们的游戏和玩具D．打雪仗(2)关于“我们”的玩具，下面说法错误的一项是()A．“我们”的玩具是从商店里买来的。

B．“我们”的玩具是自己动手制作的。

C．“我们”一年四季都有玩具。

D．到了冬天，木陀螺成了男孩子非常喜欢的玩具。

(3)春天，“我们”做口哨可能用的树叶是()A．荷叶B．枫叶C．柳叶D．银杏叶(4)()A．按事情发展顺序B．按时间顺序C．按地点转换顺序D．按方位顺序2．按短文内容填空。

(8分)夏天，“我们”喜欢在湖边______________，还经常举行______________。

秋天，丰收的场院热闹起来。

男孩最爱玩______________，女孩子最爱在草垛里____________。

3．作者在写冬天的游戏时抓住了动作描写，使游戏更具体，更形象。

请找出表示动作的字，写在横线上。

(8分)________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 4．请简要说说你最喜欢农村孩子的哪一种玩具或游戏。

高中英语真题:高考英语四月信息匹配类、阅读理解自练（10）答案阅读理解。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

A classical guitarist was excited to hear from police that his v aluable guitar had been found. It disappeared almost a year a go when he got out of a cab and forgot to take the guitar with him. Laurence Lennon, 44, said he was running late that day. He was talking to his manager on his cell phone when he das hed out of the taxi. He said that he gave the driver $ 60 and to ld him to keep the change. He walked through the front doors of the concert hall still talking on the phone to his manager. Upon discovering his loss, Lennon used his cell phone to call the police. The policewoman asked him for the name of the c ab company, the number of the cab, and the name of the driv er. He said that she had to be kidding.She told Lennon that he could file a missing items report at th e police station or online. Lennon asked for the online addres s. She told him that finding the guitar might take a couple of y ears—finding guitars was not as important as finding murderers andmarijuana smokers. Then she told him to have a nice day.“This year has been depressing，” said Lennon. “I had to post pone the recording of two new CDs. I've been using borrowed guitars. And I was losing hope of ever recovering my guitar.”Lennon was reunited with his $ 100,000 musical instrument y esterday. The case and the guitar had been discovered in the corner of a coffee house only two blocks from where Lennon had lost it in the first place. Lennon had offered a $ 10,000 re ward for its return. He said he would give the reward to the co ffee house owner, who had informed the police.1．It can be inferred from this reading passage that________. A．Lennon gave the driver much more money than what was actually neededB．Lennon couldn't give any useful information about the driv er and his cabC．Lennon was too busy talking to his friend to remember to pay the cab driverD．Lennon used to work at the concert hall in答案：B 推理判断题。

小编为托福考生们准备了托福阅读TPO10原文+答案,希望各位考生们在TPO真题里能够得到锻炼，祝广大托福考生能够取得理想成绩。

Chinese PotteryChina has one of the world's oldest continuous civilizations—despiteinvasions and occasional foreign rule. A country as vast as China with solong-lasting a civilization has a complex social and visual history, withinwhich pottery and porcelain play a major role.The function and status of ceramics in China varied from dynasty todynasty, so they may be utilitarian, burial, trade-collectors', or even ritualobjects, according to their quality and the era in which they were made. Theceramics fall into three broad types—earthenware, stoneware, and porcelain—forvessels, architectural items such as roof tiles, and modeled objects andfigures. In addition, there was an important group of sculptures made forreligious use, the majority of which were produced in earthenware.The earliest ceramics were fired to earthenware temperatures, but as earlyas the fifteenth century B.C., high-temperature stonewares were being made withglazed surfaces. During the Six Dynasties period (AD 265-589), kilns in northChina were producing high-fired ceramics of good quality. Whitewares produced inHebei and Henan provinces from the seventh to the tenth centuries evolved intothe highly prized porcelains of the Song dynasty (AD. 960-1279), long regardedas one of the high points in the history of China's ceramic industry. Thetradition of religious sculpture extends over most historical periods but isless clearly delineated than that of stonewares or porcelains, for it embracesthe old custom of earthenware burial ceramics with later religious images andarchitectural ornament. Ceramic products also include lead-glazed tomb models of the Han dynasty, three-color lead-glazed vessels and figures of the Tang dynasty, and Ming three-color temple ornaments, in which the motifs were outlined in a raised trail of slip—as well as the many burial ceramics produced in imitation of vessels made in materials of higher intrinsic value.Trade between the West and the settled and prosperous Chinese dynasties introduced new forms and different technologies. One of the most far-reaching examples is the impact of the fine ninth-century AD. Chinese porcelain wares imported into the Arab world. So admired were these pieces that they encouraged the development of earthenware made in imitation of porcelain and instigated research into the method of their manufacture. From the Middle East the Chinese acquired a blue pigment—a purified form of cobalt oxide unobtainable at that time in China—that contained only a low level of manganese. Cobalt ores found in China have a high manganese content, which produces a more muted blue-gray color. In the seventeenth century, the trading activities of the Dutch East India Company resulted in vast quantities of decorated Chinese porcelain being brought to Europe, which stimulated and influenced the work of a wide variety of wares, notably Delft. The Chinese themselves adapted many specific vessel forms from the West, such as bottles with long spouts, and designed a range of decorative patterns especially for the European market.Just as painted designs on Greek pots may seem today to be purelydecorative, whereas in fact they were carefully and precisely worked out so that at the time, their meaning was clear, so it is with Chinese pots. Totwentieth-century eyes, Chinese pottery may appear merely decorative, yet to the。

六年级语文阅读理解练习题阅读短文，回答问题。

群众也在淋雨1965年夏季的一天,三千多名手持鲜花的群众聚集在上海机场,他们是来欢送一位外国元首的。

这时,周总理陪同外宾健步走来,人群中立即响起了一片欢呼声。

总理不时抬起那负过伤的右臂,向欢呼的人群招手致意。

那慈祥的目光,那亲切的微笑,那文明的举止,使人难以忘怀。

突然,乌云蔽日,雷声隆隆,刚刚还是晴朗的天空霎时变了脸。

客人刚刚登机,大雨就倾盆而下,人群出现了小小的骚动。

“看,我们的总理!”突然,有人喊了起来。

显然是由于激动,声音有些发颤(chàn zhàn)。

人们不由得把目光投向周总理。

只见他还是彬彬有礼地站在原地,向飞机上的外宾招手致意。

群众看见了,也很有礼貌地站在原地。

工作人员怕把总理淋病了,为总理撑起了雨伞。

周总理轻轻地摆摆手,谢绝了。

又一位工作人员再次上前为总理撑起了雨伞,并恳求道:“总理,您就挡挡雨吧!”周总理转过头:“你看,群众也在淋雨,我怎么不能呢?”外宾的专机起飞后,周总理浑身都湿透了,雨水顺着脸颊不停地往下淌。

工作人员又心疼,又着(zhuózháo)急,忙递上一条毛巾:“总理,您擦把脸吧!”周总理接过毛巾,却没有忙着擦脸上的雨水,而是对工作人员说:“赶紧告诉有关同志,动员机场和附近单位的食堂烧些姜汤,给挨雨淋的群众驱驱寒,暖暖身子。

”在括号里正确的读音上面打“√”。

2.照样子,写词语。

雷声隆隆:彬彬有礼:3.把句子改写成带有“说”的句式。

周总理转过头:“你看,群众也在淋雨,我怎么不能呢?”4.读文中画线的句子,注意加点的词语,说说你从中体会到了什么?5.第2自然段写雨中送行的场面,既关注了送行的群体,又关注了送行的个人,这样写有什么好处?6.“群众也在淋雨”是谁说的话?用这句话作为文章题目,有什么作用?六年级答案：2.风尘仆仆小心翼翼步步为营津津有味3.周总理转过头,说:“你看,群众也在淋雨,我怎么不能呢?”4.强调“负过伤”,说明周总理右手不便,而他不时抬起的恰恰是他“负过伤的右臂”,表现了周总理对人民群众的礼遇与尊重。

剑桥雅思阅读10答案精讲(test1)剑桥雅思阅读10原文(test1)1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13，which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.StepwellsA millennium ago, stepwells were fundamental to life in thedriest parts of India. Richard Co某 travelled to north-western India to document these spectacular monuments from a bygone eraDuring the si某th and seventh centuries, the inhabitants of the modern-day states of Gujarat and Rajasthan in north-western India developed a method of gaining access to clean, fresh groundwater during the dry season for drinking, bathing, watering animals and irrigation. However, the significance of this invention — the stepwell — goes beyond its utilitarian application.Unique to this region, stepwells are often architecturally comple 某 and vary widely in size and shape. During their heyday, they were places of gathering, of leisure and rela某ation and of worship for villagers of all but the lowest classes. Most stepwells are found dotted round the desert areas of Gujarat (where they are called vav) and Rajasthan (where they are called baori), while a few also survive in Delhi. Some were located in or near villages as public spaces for the community; others were positioned beside roads as resting places for travellers.As their name suggests, stepwells comprise a series of stone steps descending from ground level to the water source (normally an underground aquifer) as it recedes following the rains. When the water level was high, the user needed only to descend a few steps toreach it; when it was low, several levels would have to be negotiated.Some wells are vast, open craters with hundreds of steps paving each sloping side, often in tiers. Others are more elaborate, with long stepped passages leading to the water via several storeys. Built from stone and supported by pillars, they also included pavilionsthat sheltered visitors from the relentless heat. But perhaps the most impressive features are the intricate decorative sculptures that embellish many stepwells, showing activities from fighting and dancing to everyday acts such as women combing their hair or churning butter.Down the centuries, thousands of wells were constructed throughout north?western India, but the majority have now fallen into disuse; many are derelict and dry, as groundwater has been diverted for industrial use and the wells no longer reach the water table. Their condition has n’t been helped by recent dry spells: southern Rajasthan suffered an eight-year drought between 1996 and 2022.However, some important sites in Gujarat have recently undergone major restoration, and the state government announced in June last year that it plans to restore the stepwells throughout the state.In Patan, the state’s ancient capital, the stepwell of Rani Ki Vav (Queen’s Stepwell) is perhaps the finest current e某ample. It was built by Queen Udayamati during the late 11th century, but became silted up following a flood during the 13th century. But the Archaeological Survey of India began restoring it in the 1960s, and today it is in pristine condition. At 65 metres long, 20 metres wide and 27 metres deep, Rani Ki Vav features 500 sculptures carved into niches throughout the monument. Incredibly, in January 2022, thisancient structure survived an earthquake that measured 7.6 on the Richter scale.Another e某ample is the Surya Kund in Modhera, northern Gujarat, ne某t to the Sun Temple, built by King Bhima I in 1026 to honour the sun god Surya. It actually resembles a tank (kund means reservoir or pond) rather than a well, but displays the hallmarks of stepwell architecture, including four sides of steps that descend to the bottom in a stunning geometrical formation. The terraces house 108 small, intricately carved shrines between the sets of steps.Rajasthan also has a wealth of wells. The ancient city of Bundi, 200 kilometres south of Jaipur, is renowned for its architecture, including its stepwells.One of the larger e某amples is Raniji Ki Baori，which was built by the queen of the region, Nathavatji, in 1699. At 46 metres deep, 20 metres wide and 40 metres long, the intricately carved monument is one of 21 baoris commissioned in the Bundi area by Nathavatji.In the old ruined town of Abhaneri, about 95 kilometres east of Jaipur, is Chand Baori, one of India’s oldest and deepest wells; aesthetically it’s perhaps one of the most dramatic. Built in around 850 AD ne某t to the temple of Harshat Mata, the baori comprises hundreds of zigzagging steps that run along three of its sides, steeply descending 11 storeys, resulting in a striking pattern when seen from afar. On the fourth side, verandas which are supported by ornate pillars overlook the steps.Still in public use is Neemrana Ki Baori, located just off the Jaipur-Delhi highway. Constructed in around 1700, it is nine storeys deep, with the last two being underwater. At ground level, there are 86 colonnaded openings from where the visitor descends 170 steps tothe deepest water source.Today, following years of neglect, many of these monuments to medieval engineering have been saved by the Archaeological Survey of India, which has recognised the importance of preserving them as part of the country’s rich history. Tourists flock to wells in far-flung corners of north?-western India to gaze in wonder at these architectural marvels from hundreds of years ago, which serve as a reminder of both the ingenuity and artistry of ancient civilisations and of the value of water to human e某istence.Questions 1-5Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In bo某es 1-5 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1 E某amples of ancient stepwells can be found all over the world.2 Stepwells had a range of functions, in addition to thoserelated to water collection.3 The few e某isting stepwells in Delhi are more attractive than those found elsewhere.4 It took workers many years to build the stone steps characteristic of stepwells.5 The number of steps above the water level in a stepwell altered during the course of a year.Questions 6-8Answer the questions below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in bo某es 6-8 on your answer sheet6 Which part of some stepwells provided shade for people?7 What type of serious climatic event, which took place in southern Rajasthan, is mentioned in the article?8 Who are frequent visitors to stepwells nowadays?Questions 9-13Complete the table below.Choose ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in bo某es 9-13 on your answer sheetStepwell Date Features Other notesRani Ki Vav Late11thcentury As many as 500 sculptures decorate the monument Restored in the 1960sE某cellent condition, despite the 9 _______ of 2022Surya Kund 1026 Steps on the10 ______ produce ageometrical patternCarved shrines Looks more like a 11 _______than a wellRaniji Ki Baori 1699 Intricately carved monument One of 21 baoris in the area commissioned by Queen NathavatjiChand Baori 850 AD Steps take you down 11 storeys to the bottom Old, deep and very dramaticHas 12 _____ whichprovide a view of the stepsNeemrana Ki Baori 1700 Has two 13 ______levels Used by public todayYou should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 on the following pages.Questions 14-21Reading Passage 2 has nine paragraphs, A-I.Choose the correct heading for paragraphs A-E and G-I from the list of headings below.Write the correct number，i-某i, in bo某es 14-21 on your answer sheetList of Headingsi A fresh and important long-term goalii Charging for roads and improving other transport methodsiii Changes affecting the distances goods may be transportediv Taking all the steps necessary to change transport patterns v The environmental costs of road transportvi The escalating cost of rail transportvii The need to achieve transport rebalanceviii The rapid growth of private transporti某 Plans to develop major road networks某 Restricting road use through charging policies alone某i Transport trends in countries awaiting EU admission14 Paragraph A 19 Paragraph G15 Paragraph B 20 Paragraph H16 Paragraph C 21 Paragraph I17 Paragraph D18 Paragraph EE某ample AnswerParagraph F vii1990-2022What have been the trends and what are the prospects for European transport systems?A It is difficult to conceive of vigorous economic growth without an efficient transport system. Although modern information technologies can reduce the demand for physical transport by facilitating teleworking and teleservices, the requirement for transport continues to increase. There are two key factors behindthis trend. For passenger transport, the determining factor is the spectacular growth in car use. The number of cars on European Union (EU) roads saw an increase of three million cars each year from 1990 to 2022, and in the ne某t decade the EU will see a further substantial increase in its fleet.B As far as goods transport is concerned, growth is due to a large e某tent to changes in the European economy and its system of production. In the last 20 years, as internal frontiers have been abolished, the EU has moved from a ‘stock’ economy to a ‘flow’ economy. This phenomenon has been emphasised by the relocation of some industries, particularly those which are labour intensive, to reduce production costs, even though the production site is hundreds or even thousands of kilometres away from the final assembly plant or away from users.C The strong economic growth e某pected in countries which are candidates for entry to the EU will also increase transport flows, in particular road haulage traffic. In 1998, some of these countries already e某ported more than twice their 1990 volumes and imported more than five times their 1990 volumes. And although many candidatecountries inherited a transport system which encourages rail, the distribution between modes has tipped sharply in favour of road transport since the 1990s. Between 1990 and 1998，road haulage increased by 19.4%, while during the same period rail haulage decreased by 43.5%, although — and this could benefit the enlarged EU — it is still on average at a much higher level than in e某isting member states.D However, a new imperative — sustainable development — offers an opportu nity for adapting the EU’s common transport policy. This objective, agreed by the Gothenburg European Council, has to be achieved by integrating environmental considerations into Community policies, and shifting the balance between modes of transport lies at the heart of its strategy. The ambitious objective can only be fully achieved by 2022, but proposed measures are nonetheless a first essential step towards a sustainable transport system which will ideally be in place in 30 years’ time, that is by 2022.E In 1998，energy consumption in the transport sector was to blame for 28% of emissions of CO2，the leading greenhouse gas. According to the latest estimates, if nothing is done to reverse the traffic growth trend, CO2 emissions from transport can be e某pected to increase by around 50% to 1,113 billion tonnes by 2022，compared with the 739 billion tonnes recorded in 1990. Once again, road transport is the main culprit since it alone accounts for 84% of the CO2 emissions attributable to transport. Using alternative fuels and improving energy efficiency is thus both an ecological necessity and a technological challenge.F At the same time greater efforts must be made to achieve a modal shift. Such a change cannot be achieved overnight, all the lessso after over half a century of constant deterioration in favour of road. This has reached such a pitch that today rail freight services are facing marginalisation, with just 8% of market share, and with international goods trains struggling along at an average speed of18km/h. Three possible options have emerged.G The first approach would consist of focusing on road transport solely through pricing. This option would not be accompanied by complementary measures in the other modes of transport. In the short term it might curb the growth in road transport through the better loading ratio of goods vehicles and occupancy rates of passenger vehicles e某pected as a result of the increase in the price of transport. However, the lack of measures available to revitalise other modes of transport would make it impossible for more sustainable modes of transport to take up the baton.H The second approach also concentrates on road transport pricing but is accompanied by measures to increase the efficiency of the other modes (better quality of services, logistics, technology). However, this approach does not include investment in new infrastructure, nor does it guarantee better regional cohesion. It could help to achieve greater uncoupling than the first approach, but road transport would keep the lion’s share of the market and continue to concentrate on saturated arteries, despite being the most polluting of the modes. It is therefore not enough to guarantee the necessary shift of the balance.I The third approach, which is not new, comprises a series of measures ranging from pricing to revitalising alternative modes of transport and targeting investment in the trans-European network. This integrated approach would allow the market shares of the othermodes to return to their 1998 levels and thus make a shift of balance. It is far more ambitious than it looks, bearing in mind the historical imbalance in favour of roads for the last fifty years, but would achieve a marked break in the link between road transport growth and economic growth, without placing restrictions on the mobility of people and goods.Questions 22-26Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?In bo某es 22-26 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this22 The need for transport is growing, despite technological developments.23 To reduce production costs, some industries have been moved closer to their relevant consumers.24 Cars are prohibitively e某pensive in some EU candidate countries.25 The Gothenburg European Council was set up 30 years ago.26 By the end of this decade, CO2 emissions from transport are predicted to reach 739 billion tonnes.3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.The psychology of innovationWhy are so few companies truly innovative?Innovation is key to business survival，and companies putsubstantial resources into inspiring employees to develop new ideas. There are, nevertheless, people working in lu某urious, state-of-the-art centres designed to stimulate innovation who find that their environment doesn’t make them feel at all creative. And there are those who don’t have a budget, or much space, but who innovate successfully.For Robert B. Cialdini, Professor of Psychology at Arizona State University, one reason that companies don’t succeed as often as they should is that innovation starts with recruitment. Research showsthat the fit between an employee’s values and a company’s values makes a difference to what contribution they make and whether, two years after they join, they’re still at the company. Studies at Harvard Business School show that, although some individuals may be more creative than others, almost every individual can be creative in the right circumstances.One of the most famous photographs in the story of rock’n’roll emphasises Ciaidini’s views. The 1956 picture of singers Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Johnny Cash and Jerry Lee Lewis jamming at a piano in Sun Studios in Memphis tells a hidden story. Sun’s‘million-dollar quartet’ could have been a quintet. Missing from the picture is Roy Orbison, a greater natural singer than Lewis, Perkins or Cash. Sam Phillips, who owned Sun, wanted to revolutionise popular music with songs that fused black and white music, and country and blues. Presley, Cash, Perkins and Lewis instinctively understood Phillips’s ambition and believed in it. Orbison wasn’t inspired by the goal, and only ever achieved one hit with the Sun label.The value fit matters, says Cialdini, because innovation is, inpart, a process of change, and under that pressure we, as a species，behave differently, ‘When things change, we are hard-wired to play it safe.’ Managers should therefore adopt an approach that appears counter?intuitive — they should e某plain what stands to be lost if the company fails to seize a particular opportunity. Studies showthat we invariably take more gambles when threatened with a loss than when offered a reward.Managing innovation is a delicate art. It’s easy for a company to be pulled in conflicting directions as the marketing, product development, and finance departments each get different feedback from different sets of people. And without a system which ensures collaborative e某changes within the company, it’s also easy for small ‘pockets of innovation’ to disappear. Innovation is a contact sport. You can’t brief people just by saying, ‘We’re going in this direction and I’m going to take you with me.’Cialdini believes that this ‘follow-the-leader syndrome is dangerous, not least because it encourages bosses to go it alone.‘It’s been scientifically proven that three people will be better than one at solving problems, even if that one person is the smartest person in the field.’ To prove his point, Cialdini cites aninterview with molecular biologist James Watson. Watson, together with Francis Crick, discovered the structure of DNA, the genetic information carrier of all living organisms. ‘When asked how they had cracked the code ahead of an array of highly accomplished rival investigators, he said something that stunned me. He said he and Crick had succeeded because they were aware that they weren’t the most intelligent of the scientists pursuing the answer. The smartest scientist was called Rosalind Franklin who, Watson said, “was sointelligent she rar ely sought advice”.’Teamwork taps into one of the basic drivers of human behaviour. ‘The principle of social proof is so pervasive that we don’t even recognise it,’ says Cialdini. ‘If your project is being resisted, for e某ample, by a group of veteran employees, ask another old-timer to speak up for it.’ Cialdini is not alone in advocating this strategy. Research shows that peer power, used horizontally not vertically, is much more powerful than any boss’s speech.Writing, visualising and prototyping can stimulate the flow of new ideas. Cialdini cites scores of research papers and historical events that prove that even something as simple as writing deepens every individual’s engagement in the project. It is, he says, the reason why all those competitions on breakfast cereal packets encouraged us to write in saying, in no more than 10 words: ‘I like Kellogg’s Com Flakes because… .’ The very act of writing makes us more likely to believe it.Authority doesn’t have to inhibit innovation but it of ten does. The wrong kind of leadership will lead to what Cialdini calls‘captainitis, the regrettable tendency of team members to opt out of team responsibilities that are properly theirs’. He calls it captainitis because, he says, ‘crew members of multipi lot aircraft e 某hibit a sometimes deadly passivity when the flight captain makes a clearly wrong-headed decision’. This behaviour is not, he says, unique to air travel, but can happen in any workplace where the leader is overbearing.At the other end of the scale is the 1980s Memphis design collective, a group of young designers for whom ‘the only rule was that there were no rules’. This environment encouraged a freeinterchange of ideas, which led to more creativity with form, function, colour and materials that revolutionised attitudes to furniture design.Many theorists believe the ideal boss should lead from behind, taking pride in collective accomplishment and giving credit where it is due. Cialdini says: ‘Leaders should encourage everyone to contribute and simultaneously assure all concerned that every recommendation is important to making the right decision and will be given full attention.’ The frustrating thing about innovation isthat there are many approaches, but no magic formula. However, a manager who wants to create a truly innovative culture can make their job a lot easier by recognising these psychological realities.Questions 27-30Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in bo某es 27-30 on your answer sheet.27 The e某ample of the ‘million-dollar quartet’ underlines the writer’s point aboutA recognising talent.B working as a team.C having a shared objective.D being an effective leader.28 James Watson suggests that he and Francis Crick won the race to discover the DNA code because theyA were conscious of their own limitations.B brought complementary skills to their partnership.C were determined to outperform their brighter rivals.D encouraged each other to realise their joint ambition.29 The writer mentions competitions on breakfast cereal packetsas an e某ample of how toA inspire creative thinking.B generate concise writing.C promote loyalty to a group.D strengthen commitment to an idea.30 In the last paragraph, the writer suggests that it is important for employees toA be aware of their company’s goals.B feel that their contributions are valued.C have respect for their co-workers’ achieve ments.D understand why certain management decisions are made.Questions 31-35Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-G, below.Write the correct letter, A-G, in bo某es 31-35 on your answer sheet31 Employees whose values match those of their employers are more likely to32 At times of change, people tend to33 If people are aware of what they might lose, they will often34 People working under a dominant boss are liable to35 Employees working in organisations with few rules are more likely toA take chances.B share their ideas.C become competitive.D get promotion.E avoid risk.F ignore their duties.G remain in their jobs.Questions 36-40Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?In bo某es 36-40 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this36 The physical surroundings in which a person works play a key role in determining their creativity.37 Most people have the potential to be creative.38 Teams work best when their members are of equally matched intelligence.39 It is easier for smaller companies to be innovative.40 A manager’s approval of an idea is more persuasive than that of a colleague.剑桥雅思阅读10原文参考译文(test1)Passage 1 参考译文：梯水井一千年前，对存活于印度最干旱的地区的生命来说，阶梯水丼是非常重要的。

类文阅读-10 宇宙生命之谜未知生命起源（节选）生命的起源与演化是和宇宙的起源与演化密切相关的。

生命的构成元素如碳、氢、氧、氮、磷、硫等是来自“大爆炸”后元素的演化。

资料表明前生物阶段的化学演化并不局限于地球，在宇宙空间中广泛地存在着化学演化的产物。

在星际演化中，某些生物单分子，如氨基酸、嘌呤、嘧啶等可能形成于星际尘埃或凝聚的星云中，接着在行星表面的一定条件下产生了像多肽、多聚核苷酸等生物高分子。

通过若干前生物演化的过渡形式最终在地球上形成了最原始的生物系统，即具有原始细胞结构的生命。

至此，生物学的演化开始，直到今天地球上产生了无数复杂的生命形式。

38亿年前，地球上形成了稳定的陆块，各种证据表明液态的水圈是热的，甚至是沸腾的。

现生的一些极端嗜热的古细菌和甲烷菌可能最接近于地球上最古老的生命形式，其代谢方式可能是化学无机自养。

澳大利亚西部瓦拉伍那群中35亿年前的微生物可能是地球上最早的生命证据。

原始地壳的出现，标志着地球由天文行星时代进入地质发展时代，具有原始细胞结构的生命也开始逐渐形成。

但是在很长的时间内尚无较多的生物出现，一直到距今5.4亿年前的寒武纪，带壳的后生动物才大量出现，故把寒武纪以后的地质时代称为显生宙。

（选自《古生物王国》）1.写出下列词语的反义词。

密切——（）复杂——（）沸腾——（）2.生命的构成元素有、、、、、等，它们来自于“”后元素的演化。

3.标志着地球由天文行星时代进入地质发展时代的是。

4.用自己的话概括短文的主要内容。

【参考答案】1.疏远简单冷却2.碳氢氧氮磷硫大爆炸3.原始地壳的出现4.短文主要讲述了生命的起源与演化和宇宙的起源与演化是密切相关的。

宇宙是什么梁建为了更有效地探索生命的起源，根据目前人类对宇宙有限的认识所反馈．（kuì guì）的数．（shù shuò）据，下面着重从恒星系这一范畴．（chóu zhòu）去打开探索生命起源的大门。

秋天的怀念,阅读答案(共10篇)秋天的怀念,阅读答案（一）: 《秋天的怀念》阅读答案,1.第一段中写“我的脾气变得暴怒无常”,这一段中最能表现“我无常”的两个词是什么2.当“我”暴怒无常的时候母亲是怎么做的呢分析一下这样做的原因.3.文章的结尾写我去北海赏菊花,你认为这样安排有什么作用1.无常：时常变化；变化不定最能表现我无常的两个词是突然猛地2.这时,母亲就悄悄地躲出去,在我看不见的地方偷偷注意我的动静.可以看出母亲对“我”深入的细致的爱.“悄悄地躲出去”,并且在“我”看不见的地方“偷... （1）“母亲进来了,挡在窗前”句中“是”写有意的动作还是无意的行为请说明理由.（2）已悟透生活中的作者用“艰难”一词评价“母亲”的一生,你所理解的“母亲”的艰难表现在哪些方面请结合全文概括归纳.2.（1）末段划线句子通过对菊花绚丽烂漫的描写来表达作者对秋天特有的情思,请用简洁的语言写出两点情思.划线部分（黄色的花淡雅,海瑟的话高洁,紫红色的话热烈而深沉,泼泼洒洒,秋风中话开得正烂漫.）（2）本文在内容上主要表达对“母亲”的怀念,但作者却不以“怀念我的母亲”为题,而以“秋天的怀念”为题,好在哪里1,有意的动作,希望我能正视自己,而不是逃避.母亲身体不好,却不告诉我,我的心情不好,经常向母亲发脾气2,花代表美好的事物,希望他看花是为了转移他病痛中的痛苦,更是为了让他找到生活的勇气.母爱无私,母亲永远是在我们看不见的时候最爱我,父母对子女的爱永远只表露了三分3,秋天的怀念并不是说故事发生在秋天,而是我对母亲的怀念和秋天这个季节有共通之处,都是代表了一种惋惜,代表了一种收获母爱,收获生存勇气的信念秋天的怀念,阅读答案（九）: 《秋天的怀念》阅读答案,1读句子,抓住母亲的语言,神态和行动,体会人物当时的思想感情.母亲扑过来抓住我的手,忍住哭声说：“咱娘儿俩在一块儿,好好儿活,好好儿活."2.简要概括文章的主要内容.3.最后一段,作者着力描绘了北海的菊花.你觉得作者这样表达的用意是什么概括文章内容不用写了1、“咱娘儿俩在一块儿,好好活着……”这名话的含义是（A ）.（3分）A、鼓励儿子珍惜生命,坚强的活下去.B、鼓励自己为了儿子要坚强的活下去.C、坚信自己的病能治好,儿子的腿也能治好.D、母子俩身患重病,要互相依靠,互相鼓励.2、母亲坚持让我看菊花的目的是（C ）.（3分）A、母亲喜欢花,可是“我”瘫痪后,她侍弄的花都死了.B、为了让“我”出去散散心,使“我”的心情好转起来.C、鼓励“我”学习菊花傲霜斗寒的精神,重新扬起生活的风帆.D、那黄色的花淡雅,白色的花高洁,紫色的花热烈而深沉,泼泼洒洒的令人神往.3、文中与“也绝没有想到竟是永远永远的诀别”照应的一句是（A ）.（2分）A、她出去了,就再也没有回来.B、我没想到她已经病成那样.C、她还在大口大口的吐着鲜血.D、她昏迷前的最后一句话.4、文章三次用“悄悄的”这一词语描写母亲的行动,请你把有关的句子画出来,谈谈对这些描写的理解.（5分）1)母亲这时候就悄悄的躲出去,在我看不见的地方偷偷的听我的动静.当一切恢复沉寂,她又悄悄的进来,眼圈红红的,看着我.2)对于“跑”和“踩”一类的字眼儿,她比我还敏感.她又悄悄地出去了. 母亲心疼我,很爱我.她知道我因病而烦躁,因此行动都变得小心翼翼,可她又放不下我,只能悄悄地躲出去看我的动静.她很怕因为自己的情绪或者措辞而刺激到我,所以尽力的压抑自己的难过,而变得小心翼翼,变得敏感.5、根据上下文的意思,写出“母亲没有说完的话”.我那个有病的儿子和我那个还未成年的女儿,在一块儿,要好好儿活,重新扬起生活的希望,坚强的活下去——这是母亲最后的,也是最大的心愿.秋天的怀念,阅读答案（十）: 《秋天的怀念》阅读答案独自在屋里,看着窗外的树叶“刷刷啦啦”地飘落,“我”会想：__________；如果你是“我”的朋友的话,会这样劝他___________________________. 3、文章结尾描写“我”观赏“烂漫的菊花”,这样写有什么作用______________________________________________________4、全文只出现了一个“忍”字,但“忍”字后面却包含多层含义,你觉得母亲可能“忍”住了什么⑴________________________________________________________________⑵________________________________________________________________⑶________________________________________________________________5、读完全文,回响在你耳畔的或许是“好好儿活”这句话,它沉淀在你心中的思考是什么呢________________________________________________________________参考答案1、①“看花”是全文围绕的中心事件.②“看花”是母爱的集中体现.③“看花”是“我”新生活的象征,是母亲愿望的达成.2、①母亲十分体谅儿子的苦衷.②母亲周到细心,尽可能不去惊扰儿子.③母亲的心里更难受.3、第一处：“母亲喜欢花……”.①母亲是一个非常热爱生活的人.②母亲为儿子放弃了对生活的享受.第二处：“后来妹妹告诉我母亲常常肝痛……” ①补充说明母亲的病具体到了哪步田地.②母亲做出的超常努力.第三处：“别人告诉我……”.说明母亲心里只为儿女的幸福着想,从未把自己放在心上.4、母亲时刻为儿子着想,细节描写使人物性格刻画鲜明,感人至深.5、①“央求”反映出母亲既盼望儿子早日摆脱阴影,又怕自己支撑不到那一天的复杂心理,若换成“期待”则不能突出母亲忍着巨大病痛仍一心为儿子着想这一特点.②从词义看,“央求”含有最低要求的意思,“期待”则指较高要求.6、从结尾的描写内容看,“我”不仅懂了,而且已经像母亲期待的那样不再消沉了,和“妹妹”一起相互扶持着积极地去面对生活了.7、①“秋天”是背景和“引子”,文中写景、叙事、记人,都与“秋天”有关.②“秋天”是“我”不幸遭遇、暗淡心情的写照,具有象征性.③“秋天”是“我”走出低谷、乐观生活的象征.秋天的怀念阅读题答案秋天的怀念阅读及答案。

高中英语真题:高考英语（四月）完形填空、阅读理解小练（10）答案阅读理解(2014·江西八校联考)The forces that make Japan one of the world’s most earthqua keprone (有地震倾向的) countries could become part of its longterm energy solutio n.Water from deep below the ground at Japan’s tens of thousan ds of could be used to produce electricity.Although Japanese hightech companies are leaders in geothe rmal (地热的) technology and export it，its use is limited in the nation.“Japan should no doubt make use of its resources of geother mal energy，” said Yoshiyasu Takefuji，a leading researcher of thermalelectric power production.The disastrous earthquake and tsunami on March 11,2011 ca used a reaction against atomic power，which previously made up 30 percent of Japan’s energy need s，and increased interest in alternative energies，which accounted for only 8 percent.Artist Yoko Ono has called on Japan to explore its natural ene rgy，following the example of Iceland which uses renewable energ y for more than 80 percent of its needs.For now，geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energ y needs in Japan，which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomi c power.The biggest problem to geothermal energy is the high initial c ost of the exploration and constructing the factories.Another p roblem is that ’s potentially best sites are already being devel oped for tourism or are located within national parks where co nstruction is forbidden.“We can’t even dig 10 cm inside national parks.” said Shigeto Yamada of Fuji Electric，adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be rel axed for geothermal energy to grow.Researcher Hideaki Matsui said，“Producing electricity using hot springs is a decadeslong proje ct.We also have to think about what to do for now as energy s upplies will decline in the short term.”The Earth Policy Institute in Washington，US，believed Japan could produce 80 000 megawatts (兆瓦) and meet more than half its electricity needs with geother mal technology.Japanese giants such as Toshiba are already global leaders i n geothermal technology，with a 70 percent market share.In 2010，Fuji Electric built the world’s largest geothermal factory in Ne w Zealand.1．What would be the best title for the text?A．Alternative energies in JapanB．World’s largest geothermal plantC． takes the lead in geothermal technologyD． thinks of geothermal energy2．What percentage of ’s energy needs is geothermal energy ?A．About 8%. B．Below 1%.C．Around 30%. D．Over 80%.3．According to Shigeto Yamada，the growth of geothermal power in Japan needs________. A．a change of rules B．financial supportC．local people’s help D．high technology4．Geothermal energy is considered as a longterm program b y________.A．Yoshiyasu Takefuji B．Hideaki Matsui C．Shigeto Yamada D．Yoko Ono5．It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that_______ _.A．the world’s biggest geothermal plant was built byB． will not export its geothermal technologyC．the potential of ’s geothermal energy is greatD．it is hard to find geothermal energy in语篇解读本文为一篇科普说明文。

The weather is getting hotter. You are thirsty playing basketball or riding home from school. A cold drink may be just the thing. But be careful what you are drinking. Something that looks cool may not be good for your health.There are plenty of "energy drinks" on the market. Most of them have beautiful colors and cool names. The lists on them tell you they are helpful to your health. Sounds great!But after a careful check you may find that most energy drinks have lots of caffeine （咖啡因）in them. These drinks are especially aimed at young people, students, busy people and sports players. Makers sometimes say their drinks make you better at sports and can keep you awake. But be careful not to drink too much.Caffeine makes your heart beat fast. Because of this, the International Olympic Committee has limited（限制）its use. Caffeine in most energy drinks is at least as strong as that in a cup of coffee or tea. Possible health dangers have something to do with energy drinks. Just one box of energy drink can make you nervous, have difficulty sleeping and can even cause heart problems. Scientists say that teenagers should be discouraged from taking drinks with a lot of caffeine in them.（）6. Many people like drinking energy drinks because of the following EXCEPT that ________.A. they have beautiful colors and cool namesB. they have lots of caffeineC. they can keep them awake and better at sportsD. they are said to be helpful to health（）7. The main reason for people not to drink too much energy drinks is that they may cause _____.A. heart problemsB. nervousnessC. sleeping difficultyD. possible health dangers（）8. The underlined word "discouraged" can be replaced（替换）with "________".A. encouragedB. stoppedC. helpedD. disliked（）9. From the passage we can know that _________.A. advertisements are important in getting people to buy energy drinksB. energy drinks are helpful to teenagers' studyC. sports players need to drink a lot of energy drinksD. energy drinks are especially aimed at teenagers（）10. Which of the following can be the best title（标题）of the passage?A. What's the Use of Energy Drinks?B. Who Can Drink Energy DrinksC. What's That in Energy Drinks?D. Why Can't We Buy Energy Drinks?As a child, I was really afraid of the dark and of getting lost. These fears were very real and caused me some uncomfortable moments.Maybe it was the strange way things looked and sounded in my own room at night that scared me so much. There was never complete darkness, but always a streetlight or passingcar lights, which made clothes on the back of a chair take on the shape of a wild animal. Out of the corner of my eye, I saw the curtains（窗帘）seem to move when there was no wind. A very low sound in the floor would seem a hundred times louder than in the day. My imagination （想象）would run wild, and my heart would beat fast. I would lie very still so that the "enemy（敌人）" would not discover me.Another of my childhood fears was that I would get lost, especially on the way home from school. Every morning I got on the school bus right near my home. That was no problem. After school, though, when all the buses were lined up along the street, I was afraid that I would get in the wrong one and be taken to some other strange places. On school or family trips to a park or a museum, I wouldn't let the leaders out of my sight.Perhaps one of the worst fears of all I had as a child was that of not being liked or accepted by others. Being popular was so important to me then, and the fear of not being liked was a serious one.One of the processes（过程）growing up is being able to realize and overcome our fears. Understanding the things that scared us as children helps us achieve greater success later in life. （）11. The author had _________kind（s）of fears when she was a child.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. none（）12. _________ would scare the author at night.A. Streetlight and car lightsB. Wild animals and enemiesC. Moving curtains and windD. Strange sights and sounds（）13. When she went to some other places, she would _________.A. walk away without othersB. take a bus by herselfC. follow others closelyD. make sure not to take a wrong bus（）14. Which of the following would be possibly true when she was a child?A. She was usually popular among people.B. She was always the leader of the others.C. She always' got poor grades.D. She was not at all liked by others.（）15. The underlined word "overcome" means "_________" in Chinese.A. 接受B. 忍受C. 信服D. 克服阅读理解（3）ASixteen years ago a boy gave me an important gift. It was a smile.It was the early autumn of my first year at a middle school, and my old school was far away. As a result, no one knew who I was. I was very lonely, and afraid to speak to anyone.Every time I heard the other students talking and laughing, I felt my hear t break. I couldn’t talk with anyone about my problems.Then one day, when my classmates were talking happily with their friends, I was sitting at my desk unhappily as usual. At that moment, a boy entered the classroom. I didn’t know who he was. He passed by me and then turned back. He looked at me, with a smile.Suddenly, I felt the touch of something bright and friendly. It made me feel happy and warm. That smile changed my life. I started to talk with other students and made friends. Day by day, I became closer to everyone in my class. The boy with the lucky smile has become my best friend now.One day I asked him why he had smiled, but he couldn’t remember doing so!It doesn’t matter because all the dark days have gone. I believe that the world is what you think it is. If you think it is lonely, you might always be alone. So smile at the world and it will smile back.（）1. When did the writer get the gift?A. At the age of 16.B. After making friends with the boy.C. In the first year at a middle school.D. After becoming closer to everyone in the class.（）2. Why was the smile an important gift?A. Because the writer’s old school was far away.B. Because the writer didn’t know who the boy was.C. Because the smile didn’t mean anything to the boy.D. Because the writer felt lonely and had no friends and it made her feel happy and warm.（）3. Why didn’t the writer talk to anyone in her new school about her problems?A. Because she was always unhappy.B. Because she didn’t know anyone at the time.C. Because she was in the first year at the junior high school.D. Because she didn’t want her parents to worry about her.（）4. How did the smile change her life?A. She started to make friends.B. She became the best friend of the boy.C. Her parents didn’t worry about her any more.D. She realized that she was lonely.（）5. Where does she now think her feeling of unhappiness came from?A. From her old school.B. From her parents.C. From herself.D. From her classmates at the new school.BAlmost every day, we discuss the topic of health, especially for kids. But what is health? “Health” means eating well, getting enough exercise, and having a healthy weight. Let’s read the following rules. They can help you stay healthy.（1）. Eat a variety of food, especially fruit and vegetables. We all know that eating fruit and vegetables can help us stay healthy, but many of us only eat our favorite food. Remember that we can only get the nutrition （营养）we need by eating different kinds of food, especially fruit andvegetables.（2）. Drink water and milk most often. Everyone knows that water is important. Besides that, kids need plenty of calcium （钙）to grow strong bones, and milk is rich in it. Every day, you should drink at least three cups of milk, when you are 9 years old or older. You should also try to have less sugary drinks, like soda and coca. They include a lot of sugar. Sugar only includes calories （热量）, not important nutrition.（3）. Listen to your body. When you are eating, notice how your body feels. When your stomach feels comfortably full, stop eating. Eating too much makes you feel uncomfortable. If you do it too often, it can make you unhealthy and fat.（4）. Limit screen time. What’s screen time? It’s the amount of time you spend watching TV, movies and playing computer games. The more time you spend on these sitting-down activities, the less time you spend playing sports, like basketball, and doing other activities like riding and swimming. Try to spend no more than 2 hours a day on screen time.（）6. In this passage, “health” includes all of the following EXCEPT ______.A. eating wellB. doing more exerciseC. having a healthy weightD. wearing comfortable clothes（）7. The underlined phrase “a variety of” means ______.A. plenty ofB. all kinds ofC. the rest ofD. a lot of（）8. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Eating more fruit and vegetables is good for people.B. We should eat and drink things with little sugar.C. We should spend the same time on both sitting-down activities and sports.D. When we are full, we should stop eating, no matter how delicious the food is.（）9. Screen time is the time that you spend ______.A. playing computer gamesB. watching moviesC. watching TVD. All of above（）10. What’s the main idea of the passage?A. How to eat healthy food.B. Eating and playing are both important.C. Suggestions for staying healthy.D. Health is very important.CIn Britain you may often hear “Drop in any time” or “Come to see me soon”, but you can’t really do that. People just say those things to make you feel welcome. It is better to telephone before visiting someone at home. If you receive a written invitation to an event that says “RSVP”, you should reply to let the person who sent the invitation know whether or not you plan to go.You should never accept an invitation unless you really plan to go. You may refuse by saying, “Thank you for inviting me, but I will not be able to come.” If, after accepting, you are unable to go, be sure to tell those who are expecting you as soon as possible that you will not be there. Although it is not necessarily expected that you give a gift to your host, it is considered polite to do so, especially if you have been invited for a meal. Flowers, chocolate, or a small gift are all appropriate（合适的）. A thank-you note or telephone call after the visit is also considered polite and is an appropriate way to express your appreciation for the invitation.（）11. What can you do when a British f riend says, “Drop in anytime”?A. Visit him or her at any time.B. Say no time to him or her seriously.C. Telephone him or her before visiting.D. Visit him or her soon.（）12. What does the underlined word “RSVP” probably mean in Chinese?A. 请自便B. 请回复C. 请审阅D. 请来访（）13. What should you do if your British friend sends you an invitation but you do not want to go?A. Do not give him or her an answer.B. Tell another friend to go instead of you.C. Tell him or her that you can’t be there for some reason.D. Tell him or her that you don’t want to go there.（）14. Which of the following is considered impolite in Britain?A. Buy small presents when invited.B. Refuse the invitation without telling anyone.C. Write a thank-you note after a visit.D. Give a telephone call after a visit.（）15. Where would you probably see this passage?A. In an invitation.B. In a guidebook.C. On a poster.D. In a newspaper.阅读理解（4）AFor most people, the word “fashion” means “clothes”.But people may ask the question, “What clothes are in fashion?” And they use the adjective “fashionable” in the same way:“She was wearing a fashionable coat. His shirt was really a fashionable colour.”But of course there are fashions in many things, not only in clothes. There are fashions in holidays, in restaurants, in films and books. There are even fashions in school subjects, jobs…and in languages.Fashions change as time goes. If you look at pictures of people or things from the past, you will see that fashions have always changed. An English house of 1750 was different from one of 1650.A fashionable man in 1780 looked very different from his grandson in 1860.Today fashions change very quickly. Some of this is natural. We hear about things much more quickly than in the past. Newspaper, radios, telephones and television send information from one country to another in a few hours.New fashions mean that people will buy new things, so you see there is money in fashion.（）1. From this passage we know that “fashion” means ______.A. clothesB. many thingsC. most of the popular thingsD. everything（）2. Which of the following things is fashionable today?A. Surfing on the Internet.B. Having a family dinner on New Year’s Day.C. Learning to sing songs on the radio.D. Doing morning exercises at school.（）3. Today fashions change very quickly because _______.A. people read newspaper every dayB. radios send information from one country to anotherC. new things that people like are often shown on TVD. people quickly learn what is happening in the world（）4. “There is money in fashion” means ______.A. clothes are expensiveB. money comes from fashionC. people like new thingsD. fashions make big money（）5. The best title for the passage is ______.A. FashionsB. Fashion mean clothesC. Fashion means moneyD.A fashionable colourBEverybody can suffer from stress. No matter what your age is, you can feel stressed out by things that are happening in your life. Teenagers, however, have many more opportunities to get stressed than people in any other age group. Being a teenager is hard. You are not a child any more, but you are not an adult, even though you have to deal with some very grown-up problems and decisions. Families can be one of the biggest causes of stress, such as problems with parents arguing at home. or problems with brothers and sisters. Teenagers also have a lot of stress from school, either from their teachers or from their friends. Some teenagers also feel stressed about choosing their education after high school. Getting a place at university can be very difficult and some cannot afford to go to university. The stress about getting a job when finishing school is hard for some teenagers. There are so many young people finishing school and not enough jobs for them. Sadly, there is nothing we can do to remove these causes of stress from the 1ives of teenagers, but you can learn the best way to deal with it. Talking to people is one of the best ways to deal with stress. It may sound simple, but it is true. A problem shared is a problem halved.（）6. Why is being a teenager often difficult?A. Because even though you are not an adult, you must deal with adult problems.B. Because even though you are an adult, you must deal with children’s problems.C. Because even though you are a teenager, you must do a lot of homework.D. Because adults often make them feel stressed.（）7. Families can add to the stress a teenager might experience ______.A. by asking them to go to universityB. by helping them with their homeworkC. as teenagers quarrel with their parents, and their brothers or sistersD. as families never support their children enough（）8. Why can leaving school be a stressful time for teenagers?A. Because they will be leaving their favourite teachers.B. Because many people’s favourite memories are at school.C. Because they may worry about getting a place at university.D. Because they may worry about becoming an adult.（）9. Why can finding a job after finishing school be difficult?A. Because there is a lot of competition for jobs.B. Because there are no jobs.C. Because a job is more difficult than school work.D. Because there is a lot of competition for places at university.（）10. We can deal with the stress in our life ______.A. by not trying to find a jobB. by forgetting about our problemsC. by getting a place at universityD. by sharing our problems with our friendsCAt the World Expo Shanghai 2010, you will be able to see the world in just one day.The World Expo （short for “exposition”）is the third largest world event after the Olympics and the FIFA World Cup. Countries build pavilions（展示馆）at the Expo, showing off technologies and cultures with colorful exhibitions and performances.People can experience the most advanced technologies at the World Expo. Throughout history, many new inventions have made their debuts（样品）at the World Expo, including the TV, telephone and even the ice cream cone.But the Expo is not just a trade fair（商品交易会）. It’s a platform（平台）for cultural exchange, bringing people closer to the rest of the world.For example, at the Shanghai Expo, couples may be able to marry in French-style weddings at the France Pavilion. Thailand will let visitors walk into its emperor’s palace. Visitors to the Austria Pavilion will have the chance to experience the snow-capped mountains of the country.Many countries have also decided to bring their national treasures to the event.Since the 1993 Expo in Chicago, the World Expo began to focus on one theme. It changed from a show into a community event. Visitors are invited to help solve global issues, such as environmental problems.The theme of the Shanghai Expo is “Better city, better life”. It will call on the world to solve t he problems human beings face as a result of urbanization（城市化）. In the future, more and more people may care about protecting the places they live in.（）11. Countries build pavilions to show us ______ with colorful exhibitions and performances.A. the Olympic gamesB. the FIFA World CupC. technologies and culturesD. many cities（）12. What’s the meaning of “cultural exchange” in this passage?A. 科技展示B. 文化交流C. 科技交流D. 自由买卖（）13. Which of the following is NOT true at the World Expo in this passage?A. People can experience the most advanced technologies.B. Couples may be able to marry in French-style weddings at the France Pavilion.C. Visitors can walk into the emperor’s palace of Thailand.D. Australia Pavilion will let the visitors experience the snow-capped mountains of the country. （）14. When did the World Expo begin to focus on one theme?A. In 1990.B. In 1993.C. In 1998.D. In 2010.（）15. What is the theme of the Shanghai Expo?A. One world, one dream.B. Better world, better life.C. Better city, better life.D. One world, one family.阅读理解（5）ALiving in a foreign culture can be exciting, but it can also be confusing （令人迷惑的）. A group of Americans who taught English in other countries recently discussed their experiences. They decided that miscommunications were always possible, even over something as simple as "yes" and "no".On her first day in Micronesia, an island in the Pacific, Lisa thought people weren’t paying any attention to her. The day was hot. She went into a store and asked, “Do you have cold drinks. The woman there didn't say anything. Lisa repeated the question. Still the Woman said nothing. She later learned that the woman had answered her: She had raised her eyebrows （眉毛）, which in Micronesia means "yes".Jan remembered an experience she had in Bulgaria, a country in Europe. She went to a restaurant that was known for its cabbage. She asked the waiter, "Do, you have cabbage today?" He nodded his head. Jan waited, but the cabbage never came. In that country, a nod means no.Tom had a similar problem when he arrived in India. After explaining something in class, he asked his students if they understood. They answered with many different nods and shakes of the head. He thought some people had not understood, so he explained again. When he asked again, they did the same thing~ He soon found out that his students did understand. In India, people nod and shake their heads in different ways depending on where they come from. You have to know where a person is from to understand whether they mean "yes" or "no".（）1. These Americans teaching English in other countries found that they ______.A. should go abroad for vacationsB. needed to learn foreign languagesC. should often discuss their experiencesD. had problems with communications（）2. People in Micronesia show "yes" by ____.A. nodding headsB. raising eyebrowsC. shaking headsD. saying "no"（）3. Tom misunderstood his class at first becauseA. he did not know much about Indian cultureB. he didn't explain everything clearly enoughC. some students didn't understand his questionsD. he didn't know where the students came from（）4. Which of the following is TRUE according to（根据）this passage?A. In Bulgaria, nodding heads means no.B. Jan taught English on a Pacific island.C. Lisa was trying to buy some cabbage.D. In India, only shaking heads means "YES".（）5. The passage is mainly about _____.A. body language in foreign restaurantsB. class discussion in Indian schoolsC. miscommunication in different culturesD. English teaching in other countriesBOnce there was a piano player in a bar（酒吧）. People came just to hear him play. But one night, a lady asked him to sing a song."I don't sing," said the man.But the lady told the waiter, "I'm tired of listening to the piano. I want the player to sing!The waiter shouted across the room, "Hey, friend! If you want to get paid, sing a song!'So he did. He had never sung in public before. Now he was singing for the very first time! Nobody had ever heard the song Mona Lisa sung so beautifully!He had talent（天赋）he was sitting on! He may have lived the rest of his life as a no-name piano player in a no-name bar. But once he found, by accident, that he could sing well, he went on working hard and became one of the best-known singers in the US. His name was Nat King Cole.You, too, have skills and abilities. You may not feel that your talent is great, but it may be better than you think. With hard work, most skills can be improved. Besides, you may have no success at all ff you just sit on your talent.（）6. The lady asked the player to sing a song because _____.A. she had paid him for thisB. she knew him very wellC. she wanted to have a changeD. she enjoyed his singing（）7. Nat King Cole succeeded because _____.A. the lady helped him a lotB. he caught the chanceC. he continued to play in the barD. he stopped playing the piano（）8. The words "sit on" in the passage probably mean"A. fail to realizeB. forget to useC. try to developD. manage to show（）9. From the story we know if you have some talent, you should _____.A. hide it and waitB. ask others for helpC. pay no attention to itD. work hard to improve yourself（）10. Which could be the best title （标题）for the passage?A. Sing in the BarB. Achieve Success in LifeC. Never Lose HeartD. Find Your Hidden TalentCDoctor Seuss was born in 1904. By the middle 1950s, he had become one of the best-loved and most successful children's book writers in the world. His books are very popular with young readers. They enjoy the invented words and the pictures of unusual funny animals and plants.In 1954, life magazine published（刊登）a report about school children who could not read. The report said many children's books were not interesting. Doctor Seuss strongly hoped to help children and decided to write books that were interesting and easy to read. He used words with the same ending sound, like fish and wish. He did not receive training in art. Yet, he drew the pictures for most of his books.In 1957, Dr. Seuss wrote The Cat in the Hat. He used less than 230 words to write the book and even a six-year-old should be able to read it. It was a fun story and easy to read. Children loved it. Their parents loved it, too. Today it is still one of the stories they like best. The success of The Cat in the Hat made him want to write more books for children. In 1960, he wrote a bookusing less than fifty words. The book is called Green Eggs and Ham.In 1984, Doctor Seuss won a Pulitzer Prize （普利策奖）. He was honored for the education and enjoyment his books provided American children and their parents.He died at the age of 87, but his influence remains. Millions of his books have been sold worldwide. People say his books helped change the way American children learned to read. Yet, his books are loved by people of all ages. Doctor Seuss once said, "I do not write for children. I write for people.（）11. Doctor Seuss learned from the magazine that _______.A. some school children could not readB. many children's books were interestingC. children wanted to learn to readD. a writer for children was wanted（）12. People like his books because the books ______.A. are cheap and easy to getB. were written in different languagesC. are easy and interesting to readD. were written with invented words（）13. He wrote the book The Cat in the Hat at the age of _____.A. 50B. 53C. 56D. 87（）14. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Doctor Seuss wrote Green Eggs and Ham with over 230 words.B. Doctor Seuss wrote books only for children in the United States.C. The Cat in the Hat was written only for six-year-old children.D. His books provided education and enjoyment for Americans.（）15. From the text we know that Doctor Seuss __________.A. won a Pulitzer Prize soon after his deathB. sold millions of his books himself worldwideC. changed American children's way of readingD. wrote the largest number of books in the world阅读理解（6）ALearn to relax. Overwork is the main reason why so many students feel tired and stressed（紧张）. Cut down some of the jobs you need to do each day so that you can only focus on the most important things. Leave time for activities that are relaxing and fun. This might mean reading a good book, listening to the music, going for a walk or taking a relaxing bath.Get a good night’s sleep. Getting enough sleep will help you keep your body and mind in the best form. If you stay up late and need to get up early for school the next day, you may not be able to concentrate（集中）on the things you need to do.Exercise regularly and eat well. Don’t rush through your meals. Eat less junk food（垃圾食品）or fast food. Eat healthy food instead.Get to know pleasant people. Some people are optimistic, while others not. Choose optimistic people as your friends and spend more time with them and you’ll be as happy as them.Learn to be calm（平静）when you face any problem. Find out the best option from those that are in your mind. Knowing that you are able to solve problems is a good way to build up your self-confidence（自信）.Have a happy attitude（态度）. Your attitude decides the way you see things. Is your cup half full or half empty? Learn to think more positively（积极地）about the difficulties you face.（）1. What’s the main idea of the article?A. Don’t work or study too hard.B. What kind of relaxing activities can we do?C. Getting enough sleep, exercising regularly and eating healthily are very important.D. How to feel relaxed and happy under the stress of study and work.（）2. What’s the meaning of the underlined word?A. 主动的B. 认真的C. 乐观的D. 轻松的（）3. Which statement is right?A. We need to do as many things as possible each day.B. Enough sleep is very necessary for keeping us in top form in both body and mind.C. We should save our time in eating.D. We should try to make as many friends as possible.（）4. To be away from worries, which point is not mentioned in this article?A. Going to a psychologist（心理学家）for help.B. Finding time to do the favorite things.C. Making sure which things are the most important and which people can make us relaxed and happy.D. Having an active attitude towards life.（）5. According to the writer, one should regard his“cup”________.A. a cupB. half fullC. emptyD. half emptyBCan you imagine a world without the Internet? It’s surprising to think about it.Now, China has more than 162 million Internet users, according to the China Internet Network Information Centre. This is the second highest number of user in the world after the United States. Today, 66%of Chinese “netizens （网民）” are teenagers. “They spend about thirteen hours every week online,” said Qian Hulin, an Intern et expert（专家）. Doctor Song in Beijing Xuanwu Hospital said about 14% of Chinese netizens who are teens often lasted over ten hours to play online games.The main reasons why teenagers surf the Web are to search for information, to communicate with others and to have fun. On the Internet, teenagers can find out almost anything. And surfing the Web can help students with their homework and widen their knowledge.Li Dong, a teacher at No. 41 Middle School in Shijiazhuang, likes her students to use the Internet. “When we talk in class, students who surf the Net usually know more background information than the others,” she said.In addition, people can use the Internet to write letters or stories and send emails. Many teens keep in touch with their friends online. It is cheaper than phoning somebody far away and also much quicker.（）6. _______ has the most Internet users in the world according to the article.A. ChinaB. AmericaC. CanadaD. Russia（）7. There are about _______ Chinese netizens to surf about 13 hours every week.A.107 million oldB. 22.7 million oldC. 107 million youngD. 22.7 million young（）8. Song said some teenagers continued _______ more than ten hours.A. playing online gamesB. searching for informationC. chatting with their friendsD. sending emails to others（）9. Li Dong in No. 41 Middle School likes her students to use the Internet because she。