分词独立主格with复合结构doing

高一英语独立主格结构with的复合结构试题答案及解析1. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work______, he gladly accepted it. A．finished B．finishing C．having finished D．was finishing【答案】A【解析】句意John接到一张宴会的邀请，他的工作已经完成，他高兴地接受了。

这里含有with复合结构，动作finish与his work之间是被动关系，故用过去分词，选A。

【考点】考查with复合结构,X,K]2. With all the things he needed _______, he went home happily.A．bought B．buying C．to be bought D．to buy【答案】A【解析】句意：因为他需要的所有东西都买了，他高兴的回家了。

这里用with+宾语+宾语补足语，宾语是all the things，he needed是定语从句修饰things，things和buy是被动关系，而且因为是买好了，所以用过去分词bought表示动词的完成和被动，选A。

【考点】考查with复合结构3. .With so many things ______ my mind, it took a long time before I I fell asleep.A.fillingB. filledC. to fill D being filled【答案】A【解析】考查with复合结构。

此类题首先判断things 与fill之间的关系，主动用dong ,被动关系用done ，根据题意，因为大脑中充满很多事情，所以花了我好长时间才睡着。

故选 A项。

考点 with 复合结构。

4.With a lot of homework _________, Tom didn’t go to the movies with his father.A．finished B．to finish C．finishing D．being finished【答案】B【解析】考查with复合结构：句意：因为有很多作业要做，汤姆没有和爸爸去看电影。

With 的复合结构With 的复合结构是指：with + 宾语（名词或代词）+ 宾补（介词短语，形容词，副词现在分词，过去分词，不定式）,是一个独立主格结构，在句中做状语，可表原因，伴随等。

有下列几种情况：1.with+名词(或代词)+现在分词此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。

例如:1)With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries.由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。

（原因状语）2)With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace.在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。

（伴随情况）2.with+名词(或代词)+过去分词此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。

例如:1)I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。

（伴随情况）2)She had to walk home with her bike stolen.自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。

（原因状语）3.with+名词(或代词)+形容词例如:1)I like to sleep with the windows open.我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。

（伴随情况）2)With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently.大气这样闷，十之八九要下雨。

（原因状语）4.with+名词(或代词)+介词短语例如:1)With the children at school, we can't take our vacation when we want to.由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。

独立主格结构和with / without复合结构1.概念:独立主格结构不是一个独立的句子，有逗号，在句中充当状语、可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况等。

2.结构: 名词/代词+ 非谓语（doing & todo & done 形容词&副词介词短语Taking your age into consideration, y ou’d better not go hiking.Your age taken into consideration, you’d better not go hik ing.(Ⅰ) 名词/代词+分词(过去分词done & 现在分词doing当分词作状语时,其逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,分词应有自己的逻辑主语,构成分词的独立结构。

一般位于句首,也可放在句尾;作伴随状语时,常放在句首。

1.________________, they left the meeting– room.（问题解决了）（settle）2.____________ , we`ll go there on foot.(时间允许的话)(permit)3.He was lying on the grass, __________________________(他的手交叉在手下) (cross)(Ⅱ)名词/代词+ (being) 形容词1._________________, he had to stay home to look after her.(他妈妈生病了)2. He entered the house, ___________________（red）(他的鼻子冻得通红)(Ⅲ)名词／代词＋（being) 副词He put on his socks，_____________.（反的一面在外面）(out(Ⅳ)名词／代词＋不定式1.I send you 100 dollars today, the rest __ in a year. (2005湖南)A. followsB. followedC. to followD. being followed2.__________________________ (最后一个人的到来)，our party will start.（arrive）（Ⅴ）名词／代词＋介词短语在这一结构中，如果逻辑主语与介词短语中的名词都是单数名词，这些名词前习惯不用冠词。

with引导的独立主格的用法with引导的独立主格结构（absolute phrase）是一种特殊的从句结构，用来修饰整个句子的主语或动词动作的状况。

该结构通常由介词with、现在分词或过去分词构成，形成一个独立的结构，与句子的主语或动词无直接的句法关系，但在意义上与句子整体紧密相关。

本文将介绍with引导的独立主格用法及其相关示例。

一、with引导的独立主格用法：1. 在with引导的独立主格结构中，动词一般采用现在分词（-ing形式）或过去分词（-ed形式）。

2. 独立主格结构常常用来表达时间、原因、方式、条件等状况。

二、with引导的独立主格结构的示例：1. 时间状况：- With the sun setting in the distance, we decided to end our hiking trip.（夕阳西下，我们决定结束我们的徒步旅行。

）- With winter approaching, she started to buy warm clothes for her children.（随着冬天的临近，她开始给孩子买暖和的衣服。

）2. 原因状况：- With everyone's support, we were able to complete the project successfully.（在大家的支持下，我们能够成功地完成这个项目。

）- With her brother's encouragement, she decided to pursue her dream of becoming a doctor.（在她兄弟的鼓励下，她决定追求成为一名医生的梦想。

）3. 方式状况：- With great care, the teacher explained the difficult concept to the students.（老师非常用心地向学生解释了这个难懂的概念。

With 的复合宾语结构及分词的独立主格结构with 的复合宾语结构是高考的一个重点；分词的独立主格结构不是句子，因为没有实际的主语和谓语，该结构放在句首或句尾。

两者的语法功能和结构是相同的。

即两者在句中作状语，独立主格结构前加with 就构成了with的复合宾语结构。

㈠with 的复合宾语结构1.With+名词或代词+v-ingWith the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace. <伴随状语>=While____________________________________________________.With Peter working in Birmingham and Lucy travelling most of the week, the house seems pretty empty. <原因状语>=Because _________________________________________________.With time going on, our life is becoming more beautiful. <时间状语>= As______________________________________________________.※with后名词或代词与后面动词存在逻辑上主谓关系，即主动关系。

2. With+名词或代词+v-edWith the decision made, the next problem was how to make a good plan.=After ___________________________________________________.With the job finished, we went home straight away.=Because___________________________________________________.With more time given, I’ll explain this item in detail.=If _______________________________________________________.※with后名词或代词与后面动词存在逻辑上动宾关系，即被动关系。

with独立主格8种基本句型With独立主格是英语中常用的一种表达方式，它可以在句子中用来强调某个状况或者陈述一个条件。

在英语中，有8种基本的With 独立主格句型，它们分别是：1. With + 名词 + 形容词/副词例如：With his eyes closed, he enjoyed the music.2. With + 名词 + 现在分词例如：With the children playing nearby, it was difficult to concentrate.3. With + 名词 + 过去分词例如：With the cake baked, she began to frost it.4. With + 名词 + to不定式例如：With the deadline approaching, he worked extra hours to finish the project.5. With + 名词 + doing动名词例如：With the sun shining brightly, they decided to go fora walk.6. With + 名词 + 不定式完成时例如：With the work having been finished, she took a break.7. With + 名词 + 从句例如：With the knowledge that she had gained, she felt confident to take the exam.8. With + 名词 + 介词短语例如：With his hand on her shoulder, he reassured her that everything would be alright.这8种With独立主格句型在英语中使用非常广泛，可以用来表达各种不同的情境和意思。

学会运用它们，能够让我们的英语表达更加地流畅自然。

1. with+宾语+形容词。

比如:。

The boy wore a shirt with the neck open, showing his bare chest. 那男孩儿穿着一件衬衫，颈部敞开，露出光光的胸膛. Don't talk with your mouth full。

嘴里有食物时不要讲话.2. with+宾语+副词。

比如： She followed the guide with her head down. 她低着头，跟在导游之后。

What a lonely world it will be with you away. 你不在，多没劲儿呀！3. with+宾语+过去分词。

比如： He was listening to the music with his eyes half closed。

他眼睛半闭着听音乐. She sat with her head bent。

她低着头坐着。

4。

with+宾语+现在分词。

比如：With winter coming, it’s time to buy warm clothes。

冬天到了，该买些保暖的衣服了. He soon fell asleep with the light still burning。

他很快就睡着了，（可）灯还亮着. 5. with+宾语+介词短语。

比如：He was asleep with his head on his arms。

他的头枕在臂膀上睡着了。

The young lady came in, with her two- year—old son in her arms. 那位年轻的女士进来了，怀里抱着两岁的孩子。

6。

with+宾语+动词不定式。

比如：With nothing to do in the afternoon, I went to see a film。

下午无事可做，我就去看了场电影。

Sorry, I can’t go out with all these dishes to wash。

页眉内容with的复合结构作状语：1．With + 名词+ 现在分词；表主动.With time passing by, he almost forgot everything.===As time passed by, he almost forgot everything.随着时间的流逝，他几乎忘掉了一切。

2．With + 名词+ 过去分词；表被动，He sat on the chair, with his eyes closed.===He sat on the chair, and his eyes was closed.他坐在椅子上，双眼紧闭。

3．With + 名词+ to do ; 表将来。

The manager has been busy these days, with a lot of work to do.经理最近一直很忙，有很多工作要做。

4．With + 名词+ 形容词; 表状态。

He stood in the rain, with his clothes wet.=== He stood in the rain, and his clothes was wet.With his son so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy.===Because his son was so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy.5．With + 名词+ 副词；表状态.Our school looks even more beautiful, with all the lights on.===Our school looks even more beautiful, if all the lights are on.所有的灯都开着时，我们的学校看上去更美。

The boy was walking, with his father ahead.==The boy was walking, and his father was ahead.父亲在前，小孩在后走着。

1 With 的复合结构（with+ 复合宾语）with+ 复合宾语结构常作原因状语、伴随状语、定语等。

With + 名词/代词+名词With + 名词/代词+形容词With + 名词/代词+副词With + 名词/代词+介词短语With + 名词/代词+不定式（to do/ to be done 表示动作将要做 , 若句中主语发出动作，用to do , 若句中主语不发出这一动作，则用to be done With + 名词/代词+现在分词 (doing/ being done 表示动作与谓语动词同时进行，若是with 后的名词/代词发出动作，即所谓的主动，则用doing ; 若是被动，则用being done )With + 名词/代词+过去分词 (动作已结束，动词与前面名词/代词的关系是被动)He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul.She used to sleep with the windows open.She used to sleep with the light on.She came in, with a book in her hand.With all the work to do, I don’t know if I’ll have time to go out.With the boy leading us, we soon found the house.With the house being painted, we can’t move in.With everything I needed bought, I left the shop.2 独立主格结构一般来说，我们把With 复合结构中的with 去掉，就成了独立主格结构了。

如： She slept, the windows open.The prisoner stood there, his hands raised. ( 可以这样理解：hand 是被举起的，表示被动和完成)Time permitting, We ‘ll go for a picnic.(time和permit 是主动关系)She came in, book in hand. (注: book 和hand 之前不加任何代词或冠词，这与with 复合结构不同)还有不同的是，独立主格中出现了beingIt being a fine day, we decided to go swimming.There being no bus, I had to go home on foot.这两句话中的being 是由动词be 变来的，可以这样想：独立主格也是状语，所以不能使用谓语动词。

一：With复合结构与独立主格结构with复合结构与独立主格结构是英语中常见的两种结构形式。

从某种意义上说，它们可以算作是非谓语动词用法的延伸。

它们都可以在句中作原因状语、伴随状况状语、条件状语、时间状语或结果状语用，一般也可以相互转换。

虽然它们的语法功能和意义相同，但其结构形式和名称却不相同。

抓住这一点，就可以把二者融会贯通，从而在阅读中减少不必要的理解障碍。

with复合结构的模式是：with+名词/代词（作逻辑主语）+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语（作逻辑谓语）独立主格结构的模式是：主格名词/代词（作逻辑主语）+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语（作逻辑谓语）请看下例：一、作时间状语1、With winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.=Winter coming on, the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south.2、With our work having been finished well, we went out for a holiday.=Our work having been finished well, we went out for a holiday. 3、With the traffic light green, the bus got moving.=The traffic light green, the bus got moving.4、With the wedding dinner party(being) over, we left the hotel.=The wedding dinner party(being) over, we left the hotel.二、作原因状语5、With it being Sunday, the library was closed.=It being Sunday, the library was closed.6、With the weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves.=The weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves. 7、With us to care for the children you are able to be carefree away from home.=We to care for the children, you are able to be carefree away from home.（注意此处的we 不得改成us，用了us便不是独立主格结构了。

1 With 的复合结构（with+ 复合宾语）with+ 复合宾语结构常作原因状语、伴随状语、定语等。

With + 名词/代词+名词With + 名词/代词+形容词With + 名词/代词+副词With + 名词/代词+介词短语With + 名词/代词+不定式（to do/ to be done 表示动作将要做, 若句中主语发出动作，用to do , 若句中主语不发出这一动作，则用to be doneWith + 名词/代词+现在分词(doing/ being done 表示动作与谓语动词同时进行，若是with 后的名词/代词发出动作，即所谓的主动，则用doing ; 若是被动，则用being done )With + 名词/代词+过去分词(动作已结束，动词与前面名词/代词的关系是被动) He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul.She used to sleep with the windows open.She used to sleep with the light on.She came in, with a book in her hand.With all the work to do, I don’t know if I’ll have time to go out.With the boy leading us, we soon found the house.With the house being painted, we can’t move in.With everything I needed bought, I left the shop.2 独立主格结构一般来说，我们把With 复合结构中的with 去掉，就成了独立主格结构了。

如：She slept, the windows open.The prisoner stood there, his hands raised. ( 可以这样理解：hand 是被举起的，表示被动和完成)Time permitting, We ‘ll go for a picnic.(time和permit 是主动关系)She came in, book in hand. (注: book 和hand 之前不加任何代词或冠词，这与with 复合结构不同)还有不同的是，独立主格中出现了beingIt being a fine day, we decided to go swimming.There being no bus, I had to go home on foot.这两句话中的being 是由动词be 变来的，可以这样想：独立主格也是状语，所以不能使用谓语动词。

高二英语独立主格结构with的复合结构试题答案及解析1. With a lot of difficulties _______, they went to the seashore and had a good rest.A．settled B．settling C．to settle D．being settled【答案】A【解析】考查with的复合结构。

在with的复合结构中动词的形式要看与其修饰的宾语之间的关系，主动关系用doing，被动完成关系用done。

句意：解决了许多难题，他们去了海边好好休息一下。

表示“问题已经被解决”，所以用settled。

答案选A。

【考点】考查with的复合结构2. _____ admission rate up by 60%, the school has had another excellent year.A．AsB．ForC．WithD．Through【答案】C【解析】随着录取率上升60%，学校又是一年辉煌。

这里使用了with复合结构，with+宾语+副词，注意as虽然可以表示“随着”，但是as是连词，不能接复合结构，所以选C。

【考点】考查with复合结构3. With dinner _____, the lady went on ____ some sewing.A．to prepare; to do B．preparing; doing C．prepared; to do D．to be prepared; doing【答案】C【解析】可以：晚餐准备好了，这个女士继续缝纫。

第一空使用了with复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，因为晚餐准备好了，所以用过去分词表示动作的完成，第二空填to do，go on to do sth继续做不同的事情，go on doing继续做相同的事情，所以选C。

【考点】考查with复合结构和词组4. With his money _________, he could not go home and had to lie on the street.A．using up B．missed C．running out D．run out【答案】C【解析】句意：他的钱用光了，他不能回家了，不得不住在街上。