焊接专业英语教案(赵丽铃版)

焊接专业英语教材
以下是一些常见的焊接专业英语教材：
1. 《Welding Handbook》，由美国焊接学会（AWS）编写，是焊接领域
最权威的教材之一，涵盖了焊接工艺、焊接材料、焊接设备等方面的知识。

2. 《Welding and Cutting Fundamentals》，由美国焊接研究所（AWS）编写，介绍了焊接和切割的基本原理、工艺、材料等方面的知识，适合初学者学习。

3. 《Welding Processes Handbook》，由美国焊接研究所（AWS）编写，详细介绍了各种焊接工艺的原理、特点和应用，包括熔化极气体保护焊、非熔化极气体保护焊、埋弧焊等。

4. 《Welding Metallurgy and Weldability of Steel》，由美国焊接研究
所（AWS）编写，介绍了焊接冶金和钢的可焊性，包括钢的化学成分、显
微组织、力学性能等方面的知识。

5. 《Welding and Joining of Plastics》，由美国塑料工业协会（Plastics Industry Association）编写，介绍了塑料的焊接和连接技术，包括热熔焊接、热风焊接、激光焊接等。

这些教材都是权威的焊接专业教材，内容全面、系统，适合学习和研究焊接技术的人员使用。

一、课程名称：《焊接专业英语》二、自学学时：20课时三、课件学时：0课时四、教材名称：《焊接专业英语》，赵丽玲主编，机械工业出版社五、参考资料：1、刘松淼主编：《焊接专业英语》，化学工业出版社。

2、Lancaster J F. The physics of welding. New Yok:Pergamon,1986六、考核方式：章节同步习题（10%）+笔试（90%）七、课程简介：焊接专业英语是焊接技术及工程专业学生的核心专业基础课之一。

通过本课程的教学活动，使学生掌握焊接专业的基本专业词汇、语言风格，进一步熟悉和巩固焊接技术的基础知识、常用焊接方法和工艺、切割方法和工艺、无损探伤方法以及焊接应力及裂纹的防止方法，为从事焊接实际工作以及国际焊接技术交流奠定基础。

八、自学内容指导：第一单元（Unit one）Basic Knowledge of Welding1、本章内容概述：本章学习焊接的定义、焊接方法的分类、焊接对金属结构的影响以及焊接过程中有关金属材料的选择原则。

2、自学课时安排：3课时3、知识点：1）焊接的定义：Welding is the joining of metals and plastics by methods that do not employ fastening devices. 不同历史阶段对焊接定义有所不同，掌握各个阶段的定义。

掌握与焊接定义有关的术语，如weld刑法的表现形式有广义和狭义之分。

2）焊接方法按照所用的能源进行分类，Welding processes are classified and named according to the type of energy source employed.3）焊后热处理，post-welding heat treatment. 焊后热处理设备通常为加热炉，有gas furnace（燃气炉）、oil furnace(油炉)、electric furnace（电炉）等多种。

沈阳大学教案课程名称：焊接专业英语授课对象：焊接技术与工程材料成型及控制工程（焊接）主讲人张文明编写时间2009.1沈阳大学教案课程名称：焊接专业英语编写时间：2009年1月20日第 1 次第 1 页沈阳大学教案（续页）第 1 次第 2 页沈阳大学教案（续页）第 1 次第 3 页沈阳大学教案（续页）第 1 次第 4 页沈阳大学教案（续页）第 1 次第 5 页沈阳大学教案课程名称：焊接专业英语编写时间：2009年1月20日第 2 次第 1 页沈阳大学教案（续页）沈阳大学教案（续页）第 2 次第 3 页沈阳大学教案第 3 次第 1 页沈阳大学教案（续页）第 3 次第 2 页沈阳大学第 3 次第 3 页沈阳大学教案课程名称：焊接专业英语编写时间：2009年1月25日沈阳大学教案课程名称：焊接专业英语编写时间：2009年1月25日第 5 次第 1 页沈阳大学教案（续页）accordingly only elastic changes in stress will occur．如果加热不强烈，压缩应力将低于屈服点，并且在应力作用cooling the original state will therefore be reverted the bar will then again fit exactly between faces A and B．随后冷却，将会恢复到原来的状态：这根钢棒将再一次正好两个表面之间。

教案（续页）it would have undergone thein condition，except duringclamping points would have prevented the钢棒将比原来缩短。

如果钢棒在AB 两面之间不能自由活动，而是在两端被牢固地夹住或焊牢，如图教案第 6 次第 1 页沈阳大学教案（续页）第 6 次第 2 页沈阳大学教案（续页）第 6 次第 3 页沈阳大学教案（续页）第 6 次第 4 页沈阳大学教案（续页）第 6 次第 5 页沈阳大学教案（续页）第 6 次第 6 页沈阳大学教案（续页）第 6 次第7 页沈阳大学教案课程名称：焊接专业英语编写时间：2009年2月5日第7 次第 1 页沈阳大学教案（续页）consumable welding electrode．这个电路包括一个电源、焊接电缆、一个焊炬、一个接地夹和可熔化的焊条。

试论高职焊接行业英语微课的设计及制作高职焊接行业在今天的社会中扮演着重要的角色，因为焊接技术在工业生产中具有非常重要的地位。

而学习和掌握焊接技术需要专业的知识和技能。

为了更好地帮助学生掌握焊接知识，英语微课设计和制作成为了一种新的教学方式。

本文将试论高职焊接行业英语微课的设计及制作。

一、需求分析在职业教育的过程中，学生需要学习英语和相关专业知识，以便更好地适应未来的工作。

而焊接专业的学生需要掌握焊接技术，同时也需要掌握英语专业术语和相关知识。

设计和制作焊接行业英语微课可以帮助学生更好地学习和掌握相关知识。

二、微课设计1. 定位目标群体：焊接专业学生2. 内容选择：选择焊接相关的基础知识和技术，同时融入英语学习内容，例如焊接工具的名称、焊接技术的介绍等。

3. 教学目标：通过微课的设计和制作，学生能够了解和掌握焊接专业的英语知识，并能够正确运用到实际工作中。

4. 学习形式：微课可以选择短视频、PPT、动画等形式，以吸引学生的注意力，使学习更加生动有趣。

5. 教学方法：结合实际案例，让学生更好地了解焊接行业英语的应用场景，并通过练习和实践来巩固知识。

三、微课制作1. 内容筹备：收集焊接行业相关的英语资料和案例，进行整理和筛选，确定微课的内容和重点。

2. 制作工具：根据微课内容选择制作工具，如使用视频编辑软件、PPT制作软件等。

3. 制作过程：根据设计好的内容，制作相应的视频、PPT等教学材料，并根据学习目标和教学方法进行设计和制作。

4. 审定完善：制作完成后，进行审定和完善，确保微课内容的准确性和完整性。

5. 发布和评估：将制作好的微课发布到教学平台，让学生进行学习，并根据学生的学习情况进行评估和反馈，不断优化微课内容。

四、微课应用1. 教学应用：将微课应用到教学中，可以作为课堂教学辅助工具，帮助学生更好地理解和掌握焊接行业的英语知识。

2. 自主学习：学生可以根据需要自主进行学习和复习，提高学习的灵活性和有效性。

教学设计:Unit 10 How can I improve my English?章节名称中等职业教育课改国家规划新教材《英语》1 基础模块Unit 10 How can I improve my English?Lead-in & Listening and speaking (Dialogue A)计划学时1课时学习内容分析本课主要内容为单元话题的导入和通过听力获取英语学习的信息。

在此基础上，训练学生在相当真实的情景下用合适的方式和语句谈论英语学习中遇到的问题及相应的解决办法。

学习者分析本节课的授课对象是职一就业班学生，在英语学习方面显得力不从心，因此本单元的学习可唤起学生的共鸣。

但学生的学习底子较薄，在学习兴趣和主观努力方面都有待提高。

教学目标1. Perception aim：(认知目标)Vocabulary: understand difficult shypronunciation memorize mentionPhrases: be good at had better in groupsExpressions:I find it ... to ... Don’t mention it2.Capability aim: (能力目标)Get useful information by listening.Talk about one’s problems in English study and give one’s advice.3. Emotion aim: (情感目标)Know the importance of English study.教学重点、难点及解决措施本课重点是通过听力获取信息和讨论英语学习中所遇到的问题及相应的解决办法，难点是让学生通过小组协作等方式，以对话的形式呈现。

教学准备将全班分成8-10小组，每组6人左右，设小组长一名。

整节课设计成一个竞赛的模式，小组成员通过积极发言或参加活动，为小组得分。

试论高职焊接行业英语微课的设计及制作随着中国制造业的快速发展，焊接行业成为了一个重要的产业领域。

而随着国际贸易的日益频繁，对焊接行业人才的需求也越来越大。

加强焊接行业人才的英语培训，提高他们的英语水平，对于他们的职业发展至关重要。

本文将试论高职焊接行业英语微课的设计及制作。

一、需求分析1. 目标学习群体高职焊接行业的学生是本次微课的主要学习对象。

他们大多数来自中专或者高中，对于英语的掌握程度普遍较低，因此需要一种形式简洁、内容实用的英语学习方式。

2. 学习内容焊接行业的英语学习需注重实用性和专业性，内容主要包括焊接工艺、焊接材料、焊接设备等方面的英语表达和交流技巧。

3. 学习方式由于学生在校时间有限，需要一种灵活的学习方式，可以在课间时间或者课余时间随时进行学习。

二、微课设计1. 微课内容（1）焊接行业的常用英语词汇（2）焊接工艺的英语表达（3）焊接设备的英语表达（4）焊接材料的英语表达2. 微课形式采用视频+PPT的形式进行微课设计，视频主要展示实际的焊接过程和实验，PPT用于展示相关的英语词汇和表达方式。

三、微课制作1. 视频拍摄找到一位资深的焊接专家，进行焊接实验的视频拍摄。

视频内容需要包括焊接的各个环节，以及相关的英语表达。

2. PPT制作根据视频内容和学习需求，制作相关的PPT，包括英语词汇、句型和实际案例。

PPT内容需要简明扼要，突出重点，方便学生理解和记忆。

四、微课评估1. 内容评估微课内容需符合学生的学习需求和实际工作需求，需要经过相关专业人士的评估和修改。

2. 效果评估微课制作完成后，需要进行一定周期的试听和试用，倾听学生的反馈意见，以及观察学生的学习效果，随时调整和改进微课内容和形式。

五、微课推广1. 学校内推广将微课内容整合到学校的专业课程中，进行英语教学和实际实验相结合的教学模式。

2. 网络平台推广将微课上传到各大教育网站、学习平台上，供广大学生和职工进行免费学习和使用。

焊接专业英语第二单元Unit 2 welding stress and crackLearning objective: this unit introduces the stress and crack during welding. Through the study of this unit, the students unders tand the causes and prevention met hods of welding st ress and welding crack. Mas ter the relevant professional vocabulary, improve the students' ability to read and understand the English language.Module lisa very important oneOne, the text reference translationStress generated during weldingFor welders, it is impor tant to know some thing abo ut st ress and strain. Without these necessary knowledge, his welding work will always fail.When the mat erial is hea ted, it expands in all direc ti ons. As a resuIt, a steel bar will be longer, wider and thicker. If cooled lat er, the st eel bar will shrink again and return to its original size.If st eel rods are blocked in leng th, the situation is diff eren t.If the steel bar S stuffed in two rigid surface between A and B, and coincide with, and then heating, so steel bar will be the trend of expansion, and A and B will limit its expansion, as shown in figure 2-1, the resuIts will produce compression stress in steel bar. The stronger the heating, the greater the internal compression stress. If the heat is not intense, the compression stress will be lower than theyield point, and the elastic deformation will only occur under stress. It will then cool down and return to its original state: the steel bar will fit between the two surfaces again.However, if the heat is stronger, the compression stress will exceedthe yield point, so the material will have plastic deforma ti on, sothe mat erial will be upse t. When st eel rods cool, they contract in all directions, including length. When cooled, the steel rods will be shorter than before. If the steel bar in AB between the two sides cant free activities, but was firmly clamped at both ends or welded, as shown in figure 2~2, then it will experience the same changes, only when cooling, fixed clamping points to prevent the steel bar.In ot her words, the t ension st ress keeps the st eel rods in place and creates tension within the steel bar.Second, the question reference answerQuestion:1 How does the welding internal stress produce?See Figure 2-1, if a bar (S) is slid between two rigid faces (A and B), where it fits exactly, and is then heated, the bar will have atendency to expand, which will be opposed by A and B. As a resuIt a compressive stress will be caused within the bar. If heating is more intense, with the resuIt that the compressive stress exceeds the yield point, then plastic deformation takes place and the material will therefore be upset. While cooling the bar can contract in all directions. After cooling the bar will be shorter than it was at first. If the bar firmly clamped or welded at the ends, during cooling thefixed clamping points would have prevented the bar from shortening, it will cause a tensile stress in it.True or false:If a welder knows nothing about stress and strain, his welding job would always fail.(T)As shown in Figure 2-1, if the compressive stress is below the yield point when the bar is heated, the bar will not revert to the original state after cooling.(F)If the compressive stress is below the yield point when the bar is heated,The bar will revert to the original state after cooling.Third, the reading material reference translationResidual stressIf the metal is not cons trained, t hen when the metal is hea ted and cooled the same temperature, it will expand and contract the same length. The heating and cooling of the welding process is uneven, and there is a temperature difference between the weld and the area near the weld. Uneven heating and local restraint will cause stress in the weld area (including weld metal). If the temperature change is bigger, the stress will exceed the yield point of the metal and metal yieldwill occur, so that the restraint stress or residual stress will remain at the yield point of the metal. This means that the yieldstress within the welds will be generated in three directions at the same time. Or retention of these internal stress is called theresidual stress, namely "in the absence of external force or temperature gradient, stress exists in the joint, the workpiece or material."As the stress applied to the workpiece exceeds the yield st reng th, the arti fac t will yield in a plas tic manner, so that the stresswill be reduced to the yield point. This phenomenon is common in simple struetures with unidirectional stresses, which are made of plastic materials. However, due to normal heating and cooling, the resulting contraction stress is actually produced in three dimensions. For example, in the thin plate, the vertical pull of the tension in the X and Y direction will result in the stress in the X, Y, and Z directions when the thickness of the plate increases.As unidirectional stress applied to the thin and brittle mat erials, t hese mat erials will be under the action of t ension in the form of brittie fracture, fracture will present a few or no plastic state. In this case, the material is unyielding, because the yield strength of the material is the same as the tensile strength. The failure to produce plastic deformation is called brit tie frac tu re. When in plas tic mat erial to produce two or three to stress, especially in the heavy plate produced in the X, Y, Z three stress, will be the formation of brittle frac tu re, the frac ture is similar to that of a brittle mat erial formed.The residual stresses can be reduced in many ways. If the welding st ress exceeds the yield st reng th of mat erial, mat erial can produce plastic deformation, more evenly so that the welding stress and stress still remain at the yield point of the met al. This does not elimina te residual st ress, but at leas t it will make the st ress dis trib ution more uniform. Anot her way to reduce the high or peak residualstress is by loading or heating the area near the weld to stretch theweld, thus expanding it. Hea t reduce yield st reng th of weld met al, and the peak of the expansion will make the weld residual stress decreases, and this way also can make the weld area stress dis trib ution more uniform. A more effec tive way of reducing the residual stress of peak is by eliminating stress heat treatment. In the treatment of stress heat treatment, the welding parts are evenly heated to high temperature, and the yield strength of the metal will be greatly reduced at high temperature. Then, the welding parts are cooled slowly and evenly, so the t empera ture difference bet ween the workpieces is small, and the cooling is uniform, which will produce a uniform low stress within the welding parts. High temperature will reduce the residual stress, because the whole weldment in a relatively high temperature state, thus make more uniform cooling, thus canreduce the residual stress peak value.The Module 2 Welding CrackingOne, the text reference translationThe welding crackResidual stresses can cause welding cracks. Welding cracks may occur after welding or shortly after welding. Many causes can cause cracks, and cracks may occur years after welding. The welding cracks resulting from welding residual stress and the welding cracks that occur soon after welding or welding are described here.The crack is the most serious defect in the weld. Don't allow there is crack in the welding parts, especially welding work under low temperature conditions, the impact load, reverse under stress or when weldment damage endangers life more cracks are not allowed to exist. In order to prevent crack in the weld, it is important to understandthe mechanism of welding crack.Cracks can be divided into hot and cold cracks in the process of welding, or soon after welding. In addition, the crack may be produced in the metal of the weld or near the weld, usually in the heat affected area. There are several reasons for the crack formation:The weld cross section is not sufficient to bear the loadUnder low stress, the weld metal is too plastic to yieldA crack under the weld path caused by hydrogen in hardenedfemale materialChemical elements such as sulfur and phosphorusPoor weld cross section shapeConstraint stress and residual stress are the main causes of welding cracks during welding. The welding constraint comes from a number of factors: the most important is the stiffness of the welds. For example, if the weld is composed of thick plate, it will have a higher nature at home, so in the welded joint is difficult to produce the yield or movement, if no enough plastic weld metal, can produce crack. Weld metal contracts as it cools, if the weld workpiece can't moving relative to another, and if there is no enough plastic weld metal, will form crack. In addition, the movement of the welding parts may cause the high loads to be applied to other seams and cause them to crack during welding. The best solution is to use the high plasticity of the weld metal or form with sufficient cross-sectional area of the weld, the weld will have suff icien t st reng th to preven t theformation of cracks. When the workpiece cannot be moved, the welding crack forms in the root pass.Another possible factor is the rapid cooling of molten metal. If the mot her is cold and the weld is rela ti vely small, the weld will cool quickly and contract quickly, creating a crack. If the artifact is preheated, the cooling velocity will be slower, then the crack will be eliminated. One of the reasons for preheating is to reduce the cooling speed of the weld. In addition, if the parent is in high temperature, it will have lower yield strength and its constraint on the weld will bereduced.Another reason for the crack is the amount or carbon content of the metal elements. When a high carbon content of welding or high alloy con tent of paren t met al, a small amoun t of mot her mat erials melt and mix with elec trode to form a weld, the weld metal in can contain high content of carbon and alloy, it will have high st reng th, but low plas ticity, t hus t here is not enough plastic for plastic deformation and crack. The crack can be through the use of plastic good weld metal cooling speed to eliminate or reduce the weld, also can be mixed by reducing the base to the amount to eliminate in the weld metal.Another factor is the amount of hydrogen in the weld metal and heat affected areas. When using cellulose type electrode or the use of wet gas flux, mois ture or mat erial surface and cause the existence of hydrogen, such as hydrocarbons, the arc the hydrogen in the atmosphere will be dissolved into molten pool and the adjacent parent metal. When the metal cools, the solubility of the hydrogen will be reduced, and if there is a greater constraint, then the crack will be formed. Thecrack can be reduced by increasing the heating temperature, reducing the constraint, and eliminating the hydrogen in the arc atmosphere.In general, the following principles should be followed in order to eliminate welding crack during welding process:Use highly plastic weld metalPrevent high constraintAdjust the welding process to reduce the constraintUse low or low carbon contentReduce the cooling rate by preheatingUse low hydrogen welding and filler metalWhen the crack formation in the heat affected zone or if the delay of crack formation, so for the hand may be hydrogen in welding seam and heat affected zone, another important factor is the base of high carbon and alloy content. It is important to use low hydrogen fillers and preheating to reduce cooling speed and to use plastic filler metal.When welding high alloy st eel or high carbon st eel, one sol ution is to use the surfacing welding technique. Surfacing is to make the joint of the surface of the weld formation plane, carbon content of weld metal is lower than the parent metal and alloy con tent, weld mat erial forma tion was deposi ted on the surface, in the weld metal can reduce the con tent of carbon and alloy, allowing a higher plasticity of deposited metal,The strength of the whole connector must satisfy the design requirements comple tely; By using low-hydrogen welding met hods and filling met al, cracks can be grea tly reduced. Lowering the cooling rate will greatly reduce the tendency to crack. For use when weld dimension is too small, also may crack formation, this situation is most common in the position of weld, because the location of weld will shoulder the great load, many resources are lis ted for differen t t hickness of the mat erial welding, the minimum size of fillet weld, if using the minimal size of the weld, will not form crack.Second, the question reference answerQuestion:1 How many kinds of welding cracks are classified?It can be classified as hot cracking or cold cracking.What factors can cause the formation of the welding cracks?Welds crack for a variety of reasons: In the case of weld metal to yield under water. Under - bead cracking due to hydrogen pickup in a hardenable base material: Chemistry, i. e. for sulfur or phosphorus: Poor width - to - the depth profile.How to prevent from the welding cracks when welding the high-alloy base material?This can be eliminated by using a more duetile weld metal or by reducing the cooling rate of the weld and also by reducing the amount of base metal picked up and mixed in with the weld met al.How to prevent from the welding cracks?As a general rule, to eliminate weld it is wise to follow these principles: Use duetile weld metal: Get extremely high res train t; (3) Uti lize low - alloy and low - carbon mat erials: Reduce the cooling rate by use of preheat. Utilize low hydrogen welding the processes and filler metals.True or false:All the welding cracks occur during the manufacturing operation or immediately after the weldment is completed.(F)The welding cracks occur during The manufacturing operation.The more quickly The cooling, The easier The cracks will form.(T)The hydrogen can't resuIt in The welding cracks.(F)The hydrogen can result in The welding cracks.It is very easy to produce crack in the tack welds.(T)Third, the reading material reference translationFailure analysis of weldThe failure of large engineering welding struetures is rare. Major struetural failures and investigations are usually reported. These reports are useful because they provide information that prevents similar problems from occurring.In order to det ermine the cause, it is impor tant to st udy the objectivity of the failure of struetural components. This can be done by investigating the number of years of service, failure condition and actual failure. This study should take advantage of every available information, investigate all the factors and assess the reasons for the failure.The reasons for failure are usually the following:1.Failure due to faulty design or material misuse.Failure due to incorrect workmanship or improper operation.Failure due to the deterioration of the service.Here is a summary of the three situations.Due to the misuse of wrongly design or materials lead to the failureis due to the stress analysis of caused by inadequate or incorrect design, such as static load instead of dynamic load or fatigue load of incorrect calculation. The plastic failure is caused by the heavy load due to the st reng th of the mat erial: brittle failure may be caused by stress above the inherent design stress or selection of the wrongmaterials, or byincorrect joint form.Failure due to incorrect workmanship or improper operation: thequality of the weld may be lower than the standard: Improper assembly quality, such as the disappearance of root clearance, leads to incorrect penetration; It could also be caused by improper filling of metal.Overload is a major problem. The normal wear and tear of the equipment may reduce the extent of the cross section to the extent that it is no longer able to bear the load. Due to the corrosion of the environment and the increased concentration of stress, the failure will result: There are also other situation such as improper maintenance, poor repair technology and beyond the user to control the occurrence of unexpected circumstances, or in products were not designed to environment.。

熔接fusion welding压接pressure welding焊接过程welding process焊接技术welding technique焊接工艺welding technology/procedure焊接操作welding operation焊接顺序welding sequence焊接方向direction of welding焊接位置welding position熔敷顺序build-up sequencedeposition sequence焊缝倾角weld slope/inclination of weld axis焊缝转角weld rotation/angle of rotation平焊位置flat position of welding横焊位置horizontal position of welding立焊位置vertical position of welding仰焊位置overhead position of welding平焊downhand welding/flat position welding横焊horizontal position welding立焊vertical position welding仰焊overhead position welding全位置焊all position welding：熔焊时，焊件接逢所处空间位置包括平焊、横焊、仰焊等位置所进行的焊接。

如水平固定管所进行的环缝焊接向下立焊vertical down welding/downward welding in the vertical position向上立焊vertical up welding/upward welding in the vertical position倾斜焊inclined position welding上坡焊upward welding in the inclined position下坡焊downward welding in the inclined position对接焊butt welding角焊fillet welding搭接焊lap welding船形焊fillet welding in the downhand position/fillet welding in the flat position 平角焊horizontal fillet welding立角焊fillet welding in the vertical position仰角焊fillet welding in the overhead position坡口焊groove weldingI形坡口对接焊square butt welding喇叭形坡口焊 flare groove welding卷边焊flanged edge welding纵缝焊接welding of longitudinal seam横缝焊接welding of transverse seam环缝焊接girth welding/ circumferential螺旋缝焊接welding of spiral seam/welding of helical seam 环缝对接焊butt welding of circumferential seam定位焊tack welding单面焊welding by one side双面焊welding by both sides单道焊single pass welding/single run welding多道焊multi-pass welding单层焊single layer welding多层焊multi-layer welding分段多层焊block sequence/ block welding分层多道焊multi-layer and multi-pass welding连续焊continuous welding断续焊intermittent welding打底焊backing weld封底焊back sealing weld盖面焊cosmetic welding深熔焊deep penetration welding摆动焊welding with weaving/weave bead welding前倾焊 foreward welding (英国)/ forehand welding (美国) 后倾焊 backward welding(英国)/ backhand welding(美国)分段退焊backstep welding跳焊skip welding对称焊balanced welding/ balanced welding sequence左焊法leftward welding forehand welding右焊法rightward welding/backhand welding挑弧焊whipping method自动焊automatic welding手工焊manual welding/hand welding车间焊接shop welding工地焊接site welding(英国)/ field welding (美国)拘束焊接restraint welding堆焊surfacing/building up/overlaying隔离层堆焊buttering端部周边焊boxing/end return返修焊rewelding补焊repair welding塞焊plug welding槽焊slot welding衬垫焊welding with backing焊剂垫焊welding with flux backing窄间隙焊narrow-gap welding强制成形焊enclosed welding脉冲电弧焊pulsed are welding电弧点焊arc spot welding螺柱焊stud welding热风焊hot gas welding高能焊high grade energy welding固态焊接solid-state welding单面焊双面成形one-side welding with back formation 焊接条件welding condition焊接工艺参数welding parameter极性polarity正接electrode negative/straight polarity反接electrode positive/reversed polarity运条方式manipulation of electrode焊接电流welding current焊接电流增加时间welding current upslope time焊接电流衰减时间welding current downslope time电流密度current density短路电流short circuit current脉冲电流pulse level/pulse current level脉冲电流幅值pulse current amplitude基值电流background level脉冲频率pulse frequency脉冲焊接电流占空比duty cycle of pulse duration电弧电压arc voltage再引弧电压reignition voltage焊接速度welding speed行走速度rate of travel/travel speed送丝速度wire feed rate线能量heat input/energy input热输入heat input预热preheat后热postheat焊后热处理posweld heat treatment/postheat treatment预热温度preheat temperature层间温度interpass temperature焊接终了温度finishing temperature后热温度postheating temperature焊丝伸出长度wire extension弧长arc length熔化速度melting rate熔化时间melting time熔化系数melting coefficient熔敷速度rate of deposition/deposition rate熔敷系数deposition coefficient熔敷效率deposition efficiency损失系数loss coefficient飞spatter飞溅率spatter loss coefficient融合比fusion ratio稀释dilution稀释率rate of dilution合金过度系数transfer efficiency/recovery (of an element) 坡口groove坡口面groove face坡口面角度angle of bevel (英国)/ bevel angle (美国)坡口角度included angle(英国)/groove angle(美国)坡口高度groove depth钝边root face钝边高度thickness of root face/width of root face根部间隙root gap(英国)/root opening (美国)根部半径root radius/groove radius根部锐边root edge卷边高度height of flange卷边半径radius of flange单面坡口single groove双面坡口double groove坡口形式groove typeI形坡口square grooveV形坡口single V grooveY形坡口single V groove with root face双Y形坡口double Vgroove with root face带钝边U形坡口single U groove带钝边双U形坡口double U grooveVY形坡口single compound angle groove带钝边J形坡口single J groove带钝边双J形坡口double J groove单边V形坡口single bevel groove双V形坡口double V groove不对称双V形坡口 asymmetric double V groove双单边V形坡口 double bevel groove/K groove带垫板V形坡口 V groove with backing/ single V groove with backing 喇叭形坡口flare groove锁底坡口single bevel groove with backing locked坡形板边 tapered edge焊缝 weld接逢 seam焊缝符号 welding symbol焊缝金属 weld metal填充金属 filler metal熔敷金属 deposited metal焊缝表面weld face/ face of weld焊缝背面 back of weld焊缝轴线axis of weld焊缝尺寸 size of weld焊缝宽度weld width/ width of weld焊缝长度 weld length/ length of weld焊缝有效长度 effective length of weld焊缝厚度 throat depth/ throat thickness焊缝计算厚度theoretical throat焊缝实际厚度actual throat熔深penetration/ depth of penetration焊缝成形appearance of weld焊缝成形系数form factor of weld余高 reinforcement/ excess weld metal背面余高root reinforcement削平焊缝flush weld/ weld machined flush对接焊缝butt weld角焊缝fillet焊脚leg/ fillet weld leg角焊缝断面形状profile of fillet weld平形角焊缝flat fillet凸形角焊缝convex fillet weld凹形角焊缝concave fillet weld角焊缝凹度concavity侧面角焊缝side fillet weld/ fillet weld in parallel shear 正面角焊缝front fillet weld/ fillet weld in normal shear 立角焊缝fillet weld in the vertical position横角焊缝fillet weld in the horizontal position平角焊缝fillet weld in the flat position斜角焊缝oblique fillet weld连续焊缝continuous weld断续焊缝intermittent weld连续角焊缝continuous fillet weld断续角焊缝intermittent fillet weld交错断续角焊缝staggered intermittent fillet weld并列断续角焊缝chain intermittent fillet weld端接焊缝edge weld卷边焊缝flanged edge weld塞焊焊缝plug weld纵向焊缝longitudinal weld横向焊缝transverse weld环行焊缝girth weld/ circumferential weld螺旋形焊缝spiral weld/ helical weld密封焊缝seal weld承载焊缝strength weld联系焊缝connective weld定位焊缝tack weld焊道bead/ run/ pass焊波ripple焊根weld root/ root of weld焊趾weld toe/ toe封底焊道sealing run (after making main weld)/ back weld 打底焊道backing weld (before making main weld)/ back weld 根部焊道root pass/ root run填充焊道filling bead盖面焊道cosmetic bead/ cover pass回火焊道temper bead/ annealing bead熔透焊道penetration bead焊层 layer焊接接头welded joint接头形状joint geometry等强匹配接头equalmatching weld joint低强匹配接头undermatching weld joint超强匹配接头overmatching weld joint接头根部root of joint对接接头butt jointI形对接接头square butt jointV形对接接头single V butt jointU形对接接头single U butt jointJ形坡口接头single J butt joint双V形对接接头double V butt joint双单边V形对接接头double bevel butt joint/ K groove butt joint 带钝边U形对接接头double U butt joint带钝边J形坡口接头double J joint角接接头corner jointT形接头T joint斜T形接头inclined T joint十字接头cruciform joint/ cross-shaped joint三联接头joint among three members搭接接头lap joint套管接头muff joint/ sleeve joint双盖板接头double strapped joint盖板接头strapped joint端接接头edge joint卷边接头flanged edge joint锁底对接接头lock butt joint斜对接接头oblique butt joint混合接头mixed joint/ composite joint有间隙接头open joint无间隙接头closed joint焊接电弧welding arc电弧形态arc shape电弧物理行为arc physics behaviour引弧striking arc引弧电压striking voltage电弧气氛arc atmosphere阴极cathode热阴极hot cathode冷阴极cold cathode阴极斑点cathode spot阴极区cathode region阴极区电场强度intensity of the electric field in the cathode region 阴极压降cathode drop阳极anode阳极斑点anode spot斑点压力spot pressure阳极区anode region阳极区电场强度intensity of the electric field in the anode region 阳极压降anode drop弧柱arc column/ arc stream弧柱压降voltage drop in arc column弧柱电位梯度potential gradient in the arc column弧焰arc flame弧心arc core硬电弧forceful arc/ hard arc软电弧soft arc旋转电弧rotating arc脉冲电弧pulsed arc脉冲喷射电弧pulsed spray arc起皱现象puckering phenomena起皱电弧puckering arc起皱临界电流 puckering critical current间接电弧 indirect arc压缩电弧 compressive arc磁控电弧 magnetic controlling arc电弧力 arc force电磁力 electromagnectic force电磁收缩效应 pinch effect电弧飘移 wandering of arc电弧稳定性 arc stability电弧静特性 static characteristic of arc电弧动特性 dynamic characteristic of arc最小电压原理 principle of minimum voltage电弧挺度arc stiffness电弧偏吹 arc blow磁偏吹 magnetic blow阴极清理作用 cleaning action of the cathode电弧自身调节 arc self-regulation挖掘作用 digging action极性效应 polarity effect熔滴 droplet熔滴比表面积 specific surface of droplet熔滴过渡metal transfer过度频率 transition frequency粗滴过渡globular transfer; drop transfer短路过渡short circuiting transfer喷射过渡spray transfer旋转喷射过渡 rotating spray transfer脉冲喷射过渡 pulsed spray transfer爆炸过渡 explosive transfer渣壁过渡 flux wall guided transfer熔池 molten pool沸腾状熔池 boiling molten pool弧坑crater熔渣slag渣系 slag system渣系相图 slag system diagram碱性渣 basic slag酸性渣 acid slag碱度 basicity酸度 acidity长渣 long slag短渣 short slag粘性熔渣 viscous slag氧化物型熔渣 oxide melting slag盐型熔渣 salt melting slag盐-氧化物型熔渣 salt-oxide melting slag熔渣流动性 fluidity of the slag; slag fluidity熔渣solidified slag多孔焊渣 porous slag玻璃状焊渣 vitreous slag自动脱落焊渣 self-releasing slag脱渣性 slag detachability焊接设备 welding equipment; welding set焊机 welding machine; welder电焊机 electric welding machine; electric welder焊接电源 welding power source焊接热循环 weld thermal cycle焊接温度场 field of weld temperature; weld temperature field 准稳定温度场 quasi-stationary temperature field焊接热源 welding heat source点热源 point heat source线热源 linear heat source面热源 plane heat source瞬时集中热源 instantaneous concentration heat source热效率 thermal efficiency热能集中系数 coefficient of heat flow concentration峰值温度 peak temperature瞬时冷却速度 momentary cooling rate冷却时间 cooling time置换氧化 substitutionary oxydation扩散氧化 diffusible oxydation脱氧 desoxydation先期脱氧 precedent desoxydation扩散脱氧 diffusible desoxydation沉淀脱氧 precipitation desoxydation扩散氢 diffusible hydrogen初始扩散氢 initial diffusible hydrogen100℃残余扩散氢diffusible hydrogen remained at 100℃残余氢 residual hydrogen去氢 dehydrogenation去氢热处理 heat treatment for dehydrogenation脱硫 desulphurization脱磷 dephosphorization渗合金 alloying微量合金化 microalloying一次结晶组织 primary solidification structure二次结晶组织 secondary solidification structure联生结晶 epitaxial solidification焊缝结晶形态 solidification mode in weld-bead结晶层状线 ripple多边化边界 polygonization boundary结晶平均线速度 mean solidification rate针状铁素体 acicular ferrite条状铁素体 lath ferrite侧板条铁素体 ferrite side-plate晶界铁素体 grain boundary ferrite; polygonal ferrite; pro-eutectoid ferrite 粒状贝氏体 granular bainite板条马氏体 lath martensite过热组织 overheated structure魏氏组织 Widmannst?tten structureM-A组元 martensite-austenite constituent焊件失效分析 failure analysis of weldments冷裂判据 criterion of cold cracking冷裂敏感系数 cold cracking susceptibity coefficient脆性温度区间 brittle temperature range氢脆 hydrogen embrittlement层状偏析 lamellar segregation愈合 healing effect断口金相fractography断口 fracture延性断口 ductile fracture韧窝断口dimple fracture脆性断口 brittle fracture解理断口 cleavage fracture准解理断口 quasi-cleavage fracture氢致准解理断口 hydrogen-embrittlement induced沿晶断口 intergranular fracture穿晶断口 transgranular fracture疲劳断口 fatigue fracture滑移面断口 glide plane fracture断口形貌 fracture apperance断口试验 fracture test宏观断口分析 macrofractography放射区 radical zone纤维区 fibrous zone剪切唇区 shear lip aone焊接性weldability使用焊接性 service weldability工艺焊接性 fabrication weldability冶金焊接性 metallurgical weldability热焊接性 thermal weldability母材 base metal; parent metal焊接区 weld zone焊态 as-welded (AW)母材熔化区 fusion zone半熔化区 partial melting region未混合区 unmixed zone熔合区 bond area熔合线 weld junction (英)；bond line (美)热影响区 heat-affected zone (HAZ)过热区 overheated zone粗晶区 coarse grained region细晶区 fine grained region过渡区 transition zone硬化区 hardened zone碳当量 carbon equivalent铬当量 chromium equivalent镍当量 nickel equivalent舍夫勒组织图 Schaeffler's diagram德龙组织图Delong’s diagram连续冷却转变图（CCT图）continuous cooling transformation 裂纹敏感性 cracking sensibility焊接裂纹 weld crack焊缝裂纹 weld metal crack焊道裂纹 bead crack弧坑裂纹crater crack热影响区裂纹 heat-affected zone crack纵向裂纹 longitudinal crack横向裂纹 transverse crack微裂纹 micro-crack; micro-fissure热裂纹 hot crack凝固裂纹 solidification crack晶间裂纹 intercrystalline crack穿晶裂纹 transcrystalline crack多边化裂纹 polygonization crack液化裂纹 liquation crack失延裂纹 ductility-dip crack冷裂纹 cold crack延迟裂纹 delayed crack氢致裂纹 hydrogen-induced crack焊道下裂纹 underbead crack焊根裂纹 root crack焊趾裂纹 toe crack锯齿形裂纹 chevron cracking消除应力处理裂纹 stress relief annealing crack (SR crack)再热裂纹 reheat crack焊缝晶间腐蚀 weld intercryctalline corrosion刀状腐蚀 knife line attack敏化区腐蚀 weld decay层状撕裂 lamellar tearing焊接性试验 weldability裂纹试验 cracking testIIW裂纹试验 IIW cracking testY形坡口裂纹试验 slit type cracking test分块形槽热裂纹试验 segmented circular groove cracking testH形裂纹试验 H-type cracking test鱼骨形裂纹试验 fishbone cracking test指形裂纹试验 finger (cracking) testT形裂纹试验 Tee type cracking test环形槽裂纹试验 circular-groove cracking test可调拘束裂纹试验 varestraint testBWRA奥氏体钢裂纹试验 BWRA cracking test for austenitie steel圆棒裂纹试验 bar type cracking test; round bar cracking test里海裂纹试验 Lehigh restraint cracking test圆形镶块裂纹试验 circular-path cracking test十字接头裂纹试验 cruciform cracking testZ向窗口拘束裂纹试验 Z-direction window type restraint cracking test G-BOP焊缝金属裂纹试验 G-BOP weld metal crack test巴特尔焊道下裂纹试验 Battelle type underbead cracking testU形拉伸试验 U-tension test缪雷克期热裂纹试验 Murex hot cracking test菲斯柯裂纹试验 FISCO (type) cracking testCTS裂纹试验 controlled thermal severity拉伸拘束裂纹试验（TRC试验）tensile restraint cracking test刚性拘束裂纹试验（RRC试验）rigid restraint cracking test插销试验 implant testTigamajig 薄板焊接裂纹试验 Tigamajing thin plate cracking test 焊道纵向弯曲试验 longitudinal-bead test柯麦雷尔弯曲试验 Kommerell bead bend test肯泽尔弯曲试验 Kinzel test缺口弯曲试验 notch bend test热朔性试验 hot-ductility test热影响区冲击试验 impact test of HAZ热影响区模拟试验 synthetic heat-affected zone test最高硬度试验 maximum hardness test落锤试验 NRL (Naval Research Laboratory)测氢试验 Hydrogen test焊接材料电极焊接材料welding consumables电极electrode熔化电极consumable electrode不熔化电极nonconsumable electrode钨电极tungsten electrode焊丝welding wire. Welding rod实心焊丝solid wire渡铜焊丝copper-plating welding wire自保护焊丝self-shielded welding wire药芯焊丝flux-cored wire复合焊丝combined wire堆焊焊丝surfacing welding rod填充焊丝filler wire焊条electrode/ covered electrode焊芯core wire药皮coating (of an electrode)/ covering (of an electrode)涂料coating flux/coating material造气剂gas forming constituents造渣剂slag forming constituents合金剂alloying constituent脱氧剂dioxidizer稳弧剂arc stabilizer粘接剂binder水玻璃water glass水玻璃模数modules of water glass酸性焊条acid electrode高钛型焊条high titania (type) electrode钛钙型焊条lime titania type electrode钛铁矿形焊条ilmenite type electrode氧化铁型焊条iron oxide type electrode/ high iron oxide type electrode高纤维素型焊条high cellulose (type) electrode石墨型焊条graphite type electrode碱性焊条basic electrode/ lime type covered electrode低氢型焊条low hydrogen type electrode高韧性超低氢焊条high toughness super low hydrogen electrode奥氏体焊条austenitic electrode铁素体焊条ferritic electrode不锈钢焊条stainless steel electrode珠光体耐热钢焊条pearlitic heat resistant steel electrode低温钢焊条low temperature steel electrode/ steel electrode for low temperature 铝合金焊条aluminum alloy arc welding electrode铜合金焊条copper-alloy arc welding electrode铜芯铸铁焊条cast iron electrode with steel core纯镍铸铁焊条pure nickel cast iron electrode球墨铸铁焊条electrode for welding spheroidal graphite cast iron铸芯焊条electrode with cast core wire镍基合金焊条nickel base alloy covered electrode蒙乃尔焊条Monel electrode纯铁焊条pure iron electrode渗铝钢焊条alumetized steel electrode高效率焊条high efficiency electrode铁粉焊条iron powder electrode底层焊条backing welding electrode深熔焊条deep penetration electrode重力焊条gravity electrode立向下焊条electrode for vertical down position welding节能焊条saving energy electrode水下焊条underwater welding electrode耐海水腐蚀焊条seawater corrosion resistant steel electrode低尘低毒焊条low-fume and harmfulless electrode/low-fume and low-toxic electrode堆焊焊条surfacing electrode耐磨堆焊焊条hardfacing electrode钴基合金堆焊焊条cobalt base alloy surfacing electrode碳化钨堆焊焊条tungsten carbide surfacing electrode高锰钢堆焊焊条high manganese steel surfacing electrode双芯焊条twin electrode绞合焊条stranded electrode编织焊条braided electrode双层药皮焊条double coated electrode管状焊条flux-cored electrode气渣联合保护型药皮semi-volatile covering焊条工艺性usability of the electrode/ technicality of the electrode焊条使用性running characteristics of an electrode/ operating characteristics of an electrode焊条熔化性melting characteristics of an electrode焊条直径core diameter焊条偏心度eccentricity (of an electrode)药皮重量系数gravity coefficient of coating焊条药皮含水量percentage of moisture for covering焊条夹吃持端bare terminal (of an electrode)焊条引弧端striking end (of an elcetrode)焊剂welding flux/ flux熔炼焊剂fused flux粘结焊剂bonded flux烧结焊剂sintered flux/ agglomerated flux窄间隙埋弧焊焊剂flux for narrow-gap submerged arc welding低氢型焊剂low hydrogen type flux高速焊剂high speed welding flux无氧焊剂oxygen-free flux低毒焊剂low poison flux磁性焊剂magnetic flux电弧焊 arc welding直流电弧焊 direct current arc welding交流电弧焊 alternating current arc welding三相电弧焊 three phase arc welding熔化电弧焊 arc welding with consumable金属极电弧焊 metal arc welding不熔化极电弧焊 arc welding with nonconsumable碳弧焊 carbon arc welding明弧焊 open arc welding焊条电弧焊 shielded metal arc welding (SMAW)重力焊gravity welding躺焊 fire cracker welding电弧堆焊 arc surfacing自动堆焊 automatic surfacing躺板极堆焊 surfacing by fire cracker welding带极堆焊 surfacing with band-electrode振动电弧堆焊 vibratory arc surfacing耐磨堆焊 hardfacing埋弧焊 submerged arc welding (SAW)多丝埋弧焊multiple wire submerged arc welding纵列多丝埋弧焊 Tandem sequence (submerged-arc welding)横列多丝埋弧焊 series submerged arc welding (SAW-S)横列双丝并联埋弧焊 transverse submerged arc welding热丝埋弧焊 hot wire submerged-arc welding窄间隙埋弧焊 narrow-gap submerged arc welding弧压反馈电弧焊 arc voltage feedback controlling arc welding 自调节电弧焊 self-adjusting arc welding适应控制焊接 adaptive control welding焊剂层 burden; flux layer气体保护电弧焊 gas shielded arc welding保护气体 protective atmosphere惰性气体 inert-gas活性气体 active-gas惰性气体保护焊 inert-gas (arc) welding氩弧焊 argon arc welding熔化极惰性气体保护电弧焊 metal inert-gas arc welding钨极惰性气体保护电弧焊 tungsten inert-gas arc welding钨极氢弧焊 argon tungsten arc welding脉冲氢弧焊 pulsed argon arc welding熔化极脉冲氢弧焊 argon metal pulsed arc welding钨极脉冲氢弧焊 argon tungsten pulsed arc welding热丝MIG焊 hot wire MIG welding热丝TIG焊 hot wire TIG welding氨弧焊 helium-arc welding活性气体保护电弧焊 metal active-gas arc welding混合气体保护电弧焊 mixed gas arc welding二氧化碳气体保护电弧焊 carbon-dioxide arc welding; CO2 arc welding 细丝CO2焊 CO2 arc welding with thin wire粗丝CO2焊 CO2 arc welding with thick wire磁性焊剂CO2焊 unionarc welding药芯焊丝CO2焊 arcos arc process; dual shield arc welding气电立焊 electrogas (arc) welding氮弧焊 nitrogen-arc welding水蒸气保护电弧焊 water vapour arc welding原子氢焊 atomic hydrogen welding冲器室中电弧焊 controlled atmosphere arc welding旋转电弧焊 rotating arc welding短路过渡电弧焊 short circuiting arc welding焊丝横摆频率 weaving speed of wire焊丝停摆时间 electrode keep time of slider等离子弧焊 plasma arc welding (PAW)等离子弧 plasma arc等离子流 plasma jet转移弧 transferred arc非转移弧 nontransferred arc联合型等离子弧 combined plasma arc主弧 main arc维弧 pilot arc维弧电流 pilot arc surrent双弧现象 double arcing双弧临界电流 critical current of double arcing等离子弧焊枪 plasma (welding) torch压缩喷嘴 constricting nozzle单孔喷嘴 single port nozzle多孔喷嘴 multiport nozzle压缩喷嘴孔径 orifice diameter孔道长度 orifice throat length孔道比 orifice throat ratio等离子气 plasma gas; orifice gas电极内缩长度 electrode setback小孔效应 keyhole effect小孔型等离子弧焊 keyhole-mode welding熔透型等离子弧焊 fusion type plasma arc welding大电流等离子弧焊 high-current plasma arc welding中电流等离子弧焊 intermediate-current plasma arc welding小电流等离子弧焊 low-current plasma arc welding微束等离子弧焊 micro-plasma arc welding交流等离子弧焊 AC plasma arc welding脉冲等离子弧焊 pulsed plasma arc welding等离子弧堆焊plasma arc surfacing热丝等离子弧堆焊 hot wire plasma arc surfacing粉末等离子弧堆焊 plasma arc powder surfacing等离子-熔化极惰性气体保护电弧焊 plasma MIG welding转移弧电源 transferred arc power supply非转移弧电源 nontransferred arc power supply电弧焊设备 arc welding equipment电弧焊机 arc welding machine直流弧焊机 DC arc welding machine交流弧焊机 AC arc welding machine交直流两用弧焊机 AC/DC arc welding machine单站弧焊机 single operator arc welding machine多站弧焊机 multi-operator arc welding set固定式弧焊机 stationary arc welding machine移动式弧焊机 portable arc welding machine台式弧焊机 bench arc welding machine内燃机驱动式弧焊机 combustion engine driven arc welding set电动机驱动式弧焊机 motor driven arc welding set熔化极弧焊机 arc welding machine using a consumable electrode不熔化极弧焊机 arc welding machine using a non-consumable electrode 脉冲弧焊机 pulsed arc welding machine气体保护弧焊机 gas shielded arc welding machine氩弧焊机 argon arc welding machine二氧化碳弧焊机 CO2 arc welding machine钨极惰性气体保护弧焊机 tungsten inert-gas welding machine熔化仍惰性气体保护弧焊机 metal inert-gas welding machine气电立焊机 electrogas (arc) welding machine等离子弧焊机 plasma arc welding machine微束等离子弧焊机 micro-plasma welding equipment原子氢焊机 atomic hydrogen welding apparatus埋弧焊机 submerged arc welding machine弧焊电源 arc welding power source直流弧焊电源 DC arc welding power source交流弧焊电源 AC arc welding power source交直流两用弧焊电源 AC/DC arc welding power source脉冲弧焊电源 pulsed arc welding power source上升特性弧焊电源 rising characteristic arc welding power source平特性弧焊电源 constant –voltage arc welding power source下降特性弧焊电源 dropping characteristic arc welding power source垂降特性弧焊电源 constant-current arc welding power source多特性弧焊电源 slope-controlled arc welding power source逆变式焊接电源 inverter welding power source晶体管弧焊电源 transistor arc welding power source电源动特性 dynamic characteristic电源外特性 external characteristic弧焊变压器 arc welding transformer弧焊整流器 arc welding rectifier硅弧焊整流器 silicon arc welding rectifier晶闸管弧焊整流器 SCR arc welding rectifier; arc welding silicon controlled rectifier脉冲弧焊整流器 pulsed arc welding rectifier弧焊发电机 arc welding generator焊车 welding tractor焊接机头 welding head行走机构 traveller送丝机构 wire feeder等速送丝方式 constant wire-feed system变速送丝方式 alternate wire-feed system跟踪装置tracer焊丝盘 wire reel焊钳 electrode holder焊枪 welding gun电极夹 electrode holder导电嘴 tip; contact tube喷嘴 nozzle焊剂漏斗 flux-hopper高频振荡器 oscillator; HF unit脉冲引弧器 pulsed arc starter; surge injector脉冲稳弧器 pulsed arc stabilizer脉冲激弧器 pulsed arc exciter输出电抗器 out put reactor镇定变阻器 ballast rheostat直流分量抑制器 direct current suppressor焊接回路 welding circuit额定焊接电流 rated welding current焊接电流调节范围 range of welding current regulation 空载电压 open circuit voltage(no load voltage)约定负载电压 conventional load voltage负载持续率 duty cycle额定负载持续率 rated duty cycle; standard service手工弧焊机 manual arc welding machine电焊渣 electroslag welding (ESW)手工电渣焊 manual electroslag welding丝极电渣焊 electroslag welding with wire electrode板极电渣焊 electroslag welding with plate electrode 熔嘴电渣焊 electroslag welding with consumable nozzle 管极电渣焊 electroslag welding with tube electrode窄间隙电渣焊 narrow-gap electroslag welding电渣堆焊 electroslag surfacing电渣焊机 electrosalg welding machine熔嘴 consumable nozzle; consumable wire钢档板 steel shoe (192页)钢冷却板 Cu-cooling plate铜滑板copper shoe渣池slag bath渣池深度depth of slag bath渣池电压voltage of slag bath电渣过程稳定性electroslag process stability焊丝间距distance between welding wires电子束焊electron beam welding (EBW)脉冲电子束焊pulsed electron beam welding加速电压acceleration voltage/ operating voltage电子束电流beam current电子束功率beam power电子束功率密度beam power density焦点focal spot焦距focal length工作距离work distance电子束焊机electron beam welding machine高真空电子束焊机full vacuum electron beam welder低真空电子束焊机partial vacuum electron beam welder非真空电子束焊机nonvacuum electron beam welder真空度vacuum电子枪electron gun二极电子枪diode gun三极电子枪triode gun偏压电极bias electrode电磁透镜electromagnetic lens电子束偏转线圈electron beam deflection coils导流系数perveance钉尖spiking激光焊laser welding/ laser beam welding连续激光焊continuous laser welding脉冲激光焊impulsed laser welding激光焊机laser welding equipment气体激光器gas laser固体激光器solid laser焦斑直径focussed diameter of the beam离焦量clearance between focal point and (plate) surface 焊缝深宽比weld seam depth-to-width ratio气焊gas welding氧乙炔焊 oxy-acetylene welding氢氧焊 oxy-hydrogen welding空气乙炔焊 air-acetylene welding氧乙炔焊 oxy-acetylene flame氢氧焰 oxy-hydrogen flame氧煤气焰 oxy-coal gas flame焊接火焰 welding flame混合比 mixing ratio混合气体可燃范围 inflammable limit of the gaseous一次燃烧 primary combustion二次燃烧 secondary combustion燃烧速度 combustion rate燃烧强度 combustion intensity火焰热效率 flame heating efficiency焰芯 inner cone; flame cone内焰 internal flame外焰 flame envelope中性焰 neutral flame氧化焰 oxidizing flame碳化焰 carburizing flame还原区 reducing zone火焰稳定性 flame stability回火 flashback逆火 backfire回烧 flashback气体发生速度 gasification speed焊炬 torch; blow pipe等压式焊炬 balanced pressure torch射吸式焊炬 injector torch氧乙炔焊炬 oxy-acetylene torch焊割两用炬 combined cutting and welding torch 混合室 mixing chamber喷射器 injector焊嘴 welding nozzle; welding tip液氧气化器 oxygen evaporator气瓶 gas cylinder乙炔瓶 acetylene cylinder阀罩 cylinder cap气瓶阀 cylinder valve汇流排 cylinder manifold减压器 pressure regulator; gas regulator单级减压器 single stage regulator两级减压器 two stage regulator回火防止器 flashback arrestor干式回火防止器 dry flashback arrestor水封式回火防止器 water-closing type arrestor 净化器 purifier乙炔发生器 acetylene generator低压乙炔发生器 low pressure acetylene generator热剂焊 thermit welding (TW)热剂补焊 thermit repair welding钢轨热剂焊 thermit rail welding热剂 thermit powder热剂钢水 thermit steel热剂反应 thermit reaction热剂溶渣 thermit slag热剂铸模 thermit mold; mold for thermit weld热剂坩埚 thermit crucible焊筋 collar水下焊 underwater welding水下气体保护电弧焊 underwater gas shielded arc welding水下等离子弧焊 underwater plasma arc welding温式水下焊wet method underwater welding干式水下焊 dry method underwater welding局部干式水下焊 local dry underwater welding水帘局部干式水下焊 water curtain type dry underwater welding 遥控水下焊 remote controlled underwater welding电弧空腔 arc bubble电阻焊 resistance welding (RW)点焊 spot welding; resistance spot welding凸焊 projection welding缝焊 seam welding滚点焊 roll-spot welding连续点焊 stitch welding多点焊 multiple spot welding手压点焊 push welding; poke welding脉冲点焊 pulsation spot welding; multiple-impulse welding双面点焊 direct spot welding单面点焊 indirect spot welding串联点焊 series spot welding多点凸焊multiple projection welding频道进缝焊 step-by-step seam welding压平缝焊 mash seam welding串联缝焊 series seam welding对接缝焊 butt seam welding; foil-butt seam电阻对焊 upset butt welding。

机电专业英语全书电子教案完整版教学设计第一章：机电专业英语概述1.1 课程简介1.2 学习目标1.3 教学内容1.3.1 专业英语的重要性和应用领域1.3.2 机电专业英语的基本词汇和语法1.4 教学方法1.4.1 课堂讲解1.4.2 案例分析1.4.3 互动讨论1.5 作业与评估1.5.1 课后作业1.5.2 课堂参与度评估第二章：机电专业英语词汇与短语2.1 学习目标2.2 教学内容2.2.1 机电专业常用词汇2.2.2 相关短语和表达方式2.3 教学方法2.3.1 词汇讲解2.3.2 实例演示2.3.3 小组活动2.4 作业与评估2.4.1 词汇练习2.4.2 小组活动报告第三章：机电专业英语阅读理解3.1 学习目标3.2 教学内容3.2.1 机电专业英语文章阅读3.2.2 提高阅读理解能力3.3 教学方法3.3.1 阅读技巧讲解3.3.2 文章讨论3.3.3 练习题解答3.4 作业与评估3.4.1 阅读练习3.4.2 阅读理解测试第四章：机电专业英语听力理解4.1 学习目标4.2 教学内容4.2.1 机电专业英语听力材料4.2.2 提高听力理解能力4.3 教学方法4.3.1 听力技巧讲解4.3.2 听力练习4.3.3 听力材料讨论4.4 作业与评估4.4.1 听力练习4.4.2 听力测试第五章：机电专业英语写作与口语表达5.1 学习目标5.2 教学内容5.2.1 机电专业英语写作技巧5.2.2 机电专业英语口语表达技巧5.3 教学方法5.3.1 写作技巧讲解5.3.2 口语表达练习5.3.3 角色扮演5.4 作业与评估5.4.1 写作练习5.4.2 口语表达评估第六章：机械工程领域的英语应用6.1 学习目标6.2 教学内容6.2.1 机械工程领域常用英语词汇和短语6.2.2 机械工程领域英语文献阅读和理解6.3 教学方法6.3.1 实例分析6.3.2 小组讨论6.3.3 英语报告6.4 作业与评估6.4.1 文献阅读6.4.2 小组项目第七章：电子工程领域的英语应用7.1 学习目标7.2 教学内容7.2.1 电子工程领域常用英语词汇和短语7.2.2 电子工程领域英语文献阅读和理解7.3 教学方法7.3.1 实例分析7.3.2 小组讨论7.3.3 英语报告7.4 作业与评估7.4.1 文献阅读7.4.2 小组项目第八章：机电设备说明书翻译8.1 学习目标8.2 教学内容8.2.1 机电设备说明书结构及内容8.2.2 翻译技巧与策略8.3 教学方法8.3.1 实例讲解8.3.2 翻译练习8.3.3 学生翻译展示与讨论8.4 作业与评估8.4.1 翻译练习8.4.2 翻译质量评估第九章：机电专业英语口译技巧9.1 学习目标9.2 教学内容9.2.1 机电专业英语口译基本概念9.2.2 口译技巧与实践9.3 教学方法9.3.1 理论讲解9.3.2 角色扮演与模拟口译9.3.3 反馈与改进9.4 作业与评估9.4.1 口译练习9.4.2 口译能力评估第十章：机电专业英语综合应用10.1 学习目标10.2 教学内容10.2.1 机电专业英语案例分析10.2.2 综合应用能力的培养10.3 教学方法10.3.1 案例研究10.3.2 小组合作项目10.3.3 学生展示与讨论10.4 作业与评估10.4.1 案例分析报告10.4.2 小组项目评估重点和难点解析一、机电专业英语概述重点环节：1.3.2 机电专业英语的基本词汇和语法补充和说明：此环节需重点关注机电专业英语的基本词汇和语法结构，因为这是理解后续专业知识的基础。

教案课程名称：焊接专业英语编写时间：2009年2月25日教案课程名称：焊接专业英语编写时间：2009年2月25日The electrodes that carry the electricity to the work also press the pieces together．将电流传导到工件的电极也要将工件紧压在一起。

The current meets resistance in the metal but more so at surfaces of contact．在金属中电流遇到阻力，但是在工件接触面处阻力更大。

The most heat is generated where the resistance is highest．Thus the aim is to put the most resistance and heat at the faying surfaces1．Heat GenerationA modification of Ohm‟s Law may be made)and heat are considered synonymous(同义的)passed through a conductor the electrical resistance of the conductor第12 次第 4 页沈阳大学教案课程名称：焊接专业英语编写时间：2009年2月25日The quality of the cut is governed by tip size，oxygen pressure沈阳大学教案（续页）教案（续页）教案课程名称：焊接专业英语编写时间：2009年2月25日教案课程名称：焊接专业英语编写时间：2009年2月25日gamma-ray source and penetrameter are placedradiographed and the film is placed on the opposite side of the part(Figure 5-1). X或γ射线源和像质计被放置第15 次第 5 页沈阳大学教案（续页）沈阳大学教案课程名称：焊接专业英语编写时间：2009年2月25日第16 次第 1 页沈阳大学教案（续页）第16 次第 2 页沈阳大学教案（续页）Reading MaterialAcoustic Emission InspectionEngineering materials undergoing第16 次第 3 页。