Grammar虚拟语气

我们建议Tom去休息一下。 他坚决要求我到场。 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。 We suggested that Tom have a rest. He insisted that I (should ) be present. The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day. They requested that we (should) send them to work there.
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My demand is that she should come to see me once a week. All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.
2. It’s necessary / strange / natural / important + that---Clause 从句中的动 词要用虚拟，即（should）+ 动词原形 It is important that we (should) master a foreign language. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.
3. If only you ____ him what I said! Everything would have been all right. A. didn't told B. hadn't told C. would not tell D. would have not told 4. He must have had an accident, or he ____________ here then. A. would have been B. had been C. should have been D. could be
虚拟语气特殊句型： 4. It’s (about/high) time + that
did
should do It’s high time that you went. It’s high time that you should go.
It’s 你该走了。 high time that you were going.
现在：did
2. would rather that 过去：had done
未来：did I would rather you paid me now.
I would rather you had gone, too. Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow.
did 现在；
• 3. as if\as though\even if
过去； had done
即使生了病，他也去办公室。 Even if he were ill, he would go to his office. 他那样对待我，好像我是陌生人似的。 He treated me as if I were a stranger. 她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一 样。 She talked about the film as if she had really seen it.
I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them. (If I hadn’t been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.) I would have finished the work, but I have been ill. (If I hadn’t been ill, I would have finished the work.)
It’s necessary that we should study hard.
单项选择 1. _________ cease advertising, prices would be significantly reduced. A. Were they to B. Could they C. If they D. Would they 2. Five minutes earlier, and we _______ the last bus. A. had caught B. should have caught C. could have caught D. caught
以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从 句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语 从句也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动 词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire
It’s suggested that the plan be carried out.
5. Much labour would have been saved if the electronic computers ________ before. A. had invented B. were invented C. should have been invented D. had been invented 6. I wish I ________ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept
1. The guard at gate insisted that obey everybody _____ (obey) the rules. was 2. He insisted that she _____ (be) seriously ill and that _________(send) be sent to hospitals at once. 3. He suggested that we ______ (have) a have meeting at once. 4. His pale face suggested that he was ______ (be) ill.
Unit 2 Grammar
Subjunctive Mood II
虚拟语气 1）概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人 的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一 个条件，不一定是事实，或与事 实相反。
2）在条件句中的应用 条件句可分为两类，一类为 真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。 非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实 际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟 语气。
我们该去 It’s time that we went to bed. 睡觉了。 It’s time that we should go to bed.
• 三. 从句中用sb (should) do sth 来表虚拟
1. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。
1) 宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持，两个 命令，三个建议，四个要求。即 1. insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose 4. demand, require, request, desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气 用法。即从句中的动词使用should + 动词 原形，或者将should省略。
3) 与将来事实相反：
should (would should If 主语 …, 主语 could, might) +V原 were to
假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主 句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综 条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词 要依照假设的时间而定。
If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better. If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital.
• 二. 从句中用过去式表示对现在的虚拟; 用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟 • • 现在(将来)：did\were • 过去：hand done • 特殊：wish\if only将来的虚拟用 • could\would do sth
现在： did（were）
1. wish/if only 过去： had done
I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should) be sent there.
注意：如suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用 于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为" 时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
未来： would do 1) I wish I were a bird.（现在）
2) I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. （过去） 3) We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us. （将来）
If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again! 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就 好了。 If only our parents could live with us! 要是我没错过火车就好了！ If only I hadn’t missed the train!