2017—2018人教版英语选修六Unit 4习题及（解析）答案
人教版选修六Unit Four Global warming
一、语法填空
（一）单句语法填空
1．—Why not buy a second-hand car if you don't have enough money for a new one?
—That's a good ________ (suggest)．
2．I wrote him a letter to show my ________ (appreciate) of his thoughtfulness.
3．My first ________ (impress) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
4．You'd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future
________ (refer)．
5．John has grown up and changed beyond ________ (recognize)．
【参考答案】
1.suggestion
2.appreciation
3.impression
4.reference 5．recognition
（二）短文语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2017·贵州普通考试)
When a woman took the seat beside me on a plane, I __1__ (feel) unhappy. She had to lower herself slowly, squee zing her body into the small space. “My name is Kelly. I'm from Canada. Where __2__ you from？” She waved a hand in front of my
face.“China，” I said as I shook her hand unwillingly. Kelly kept talking to me. She was very thoughtful. When we __3__ (serve) drinks and meals, she made sure that I had enough room in my seat. “I don't want to make you __4__ (comfort) with my elephant
size！” she said sincerely. I couldn't help letting down my guard. As we talked, I was surprised by her wise __5__ (word). She had read many books and was very smart. I asked her if she ever thought about __6__ (lose) some weight. “Aren't you worried about the diseases that come with being overweight？” “Not at all. I eat __7__ (health) food and walk regularly，” She said.“I believe in my heart, the people who get diseases are the ones who worry. You see advertisements from exercise centers that read, ‘Free yourself from your extra baggage, so you are free to be __8__ (you)．’ You're free only __9__ you're comfortable with who you are！” I s uddenly realized that Kelly was
__10__ most beautiful and clever woman I had ever met in my life.
【解题导语】本文讲述了作者乘坐飞机时起初对旁边胖胖的女乘客没有好感。后来她的热情及对生活的感悟让作者刮目相看。
1．felt考查时态。本处叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故用felt。2．are考查时态和主谓一致。本处“你来自哪里”是女乘客的问话，应用一般现在时；根据主语you可知，应用are。
3．were served考查时态和语态。we与serve是逻辑上的动宾关系，且结合全文的时态可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were served。4．uncomfortable考查形容词。句意：我不想因为我的大块头让你不舒服。本处用形容词uncomfortable“不舒服”作宾补。
5．words考查名词。“她智慧的话语”，word为可数名词，故本处应用名词复数形式。
6．losing考查动名词。介词about后接动名词，故填losing。
7．healthy/healthful考查形容词。“(有益于)健康的食物”，本处用形容词healthy/healthful作定语修饰名词food。
8．yourself考查反身代词。“你会自由做你自己”，根据主语you可知，应用反身代词yourself。
9．if/when考查连词。句意：如果/当你对自己感到舒服，你才是自由的。故本处应用连词if/when。
10．the考查冠词。“最美丽最聪明的女子”，本处应用定冠词the修饰形容词的最高级。
二、根据下列句子意思用所给词的首字母或所给汉语填空
1. Although we are burning coal in huge q , we will not run out of it for centuries.
2. There’s evidence to suggest that child abuse is not just a recent (现象).
3. Global warming will have serious c for the environment.
4. Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into e .
5. Paul tried to sound c but I could tell something was worrying him.
6. There is no point in a improved public transport unless we can pay for it.
7. Vitamins are essential for healthy (健康成长).
8. Sleep (使恢复) the body.
9. It is difficult for a teacher to give (个别的) attention to children in a large class.
10.The electricity industry (消耗) large amounts of fossil fuels.
1. quantities
2. phenomenon
3. consequences
4. existence
5. casual
6. advocating
7.growth
8. refreshes
9. individual 10. consumes
三、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，
选出最佳选项。
It was the old lady’s birthday. She got up early to be ready for the post. From the second floor flat she could see the postman when he came down the street，and a little boy，Johnnie，__1__her letters from the ground floor on the rare__2__when anything came.
Today she was sure there would be something.Myra__3__forget her mother’s birthday，even if
she__4__wrote at other times. Of course Myra was busy，but？__5__，Enid，the daughter the old lady loved most，died two years ago. Since then Myra had been to see her mother three times，but her husband，Harold，never.
The old lady was eighty today. She had put on her best dress. Perhaps-perhaps Myra might come. After all，eighty was a__6__birthday，another decade lined or tolerated just as you chose to look at it.__7__Myra did not come，she would send a present. The old lady was__8__of that. Two spots of colour__9__her cheeks. She was__10__like a child. She would enjoy her day!
Now，she stood by the window，__11__.The postman turned round the corner on his bicycle. Her heart beat__12__.Johnnie had seen him too and ran to the gate. Then clatter (咔嗒声)，clatter up the stairs. Johnnie knocked at her door. He had got her post-four envelopes. Three were unclosed cards from old friends. The fourth was closed，in Myra’s writing. The old lady felt a sharp pain
of__13__.There was no parcel for her！Maybe the parcel was too large to come by letter post. That was it. It would come later by parcel post. She said to herself. She must be__14__.
Almost__15__she tore the envelope open.__16__in the card was a piece of paper. Written on the card was a message under the printed Happy Birthday- Buy yourself something nice with
the__17__，Myra and Harold. The cheque moved quickly to and for in the air to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. Slowly the old lady__18__to pick it up. Her present！Her__19__present！With__20__fingers she tore it into little bits.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个80岁老人在生日来临之际对自己唯一的亲人的殷殷期盼，但她最终盼来的确是一种无言的伤痛和失望。
1.A.took away B．brought up
C．moved off D．set down
解析根据语境可知，此句是说老人把信件从“the ground floor”拿到“the second floor”。bring up 意为“拿上来”，符合语境；take away意为“拿走，带走”，move off“意为“离开，出发”，set down 意为“记下，放下”，均不符合语境。
答案 B
2．A. occasion B．opportunity
C．ceremony D．anniversary
解析根据语境可知，此处是指在特别的“场合”，与下文的other times作对比。occasion意为“场合”，符合语境；opportunity意为“机会”，ceremony意为“典礼，仪式”，anniversary意为“周年纪念日”，均不符合语境。
答案 A
3．A. mustn’t B．mightn’t
C．wouldn’t D．needn’t
解析根据语境可知，此处是指老人坚信女儿一定不会忘记自己的生日。表示“一定不会”时，应用wouldn’t。
答案 C
4．A. occasionally B．always
C．almost D．seldom
解析根据下文可知，Myra由于工作繁忙，平常很少给妈妈写信。seldom意为“很少，不常”，符合语境；occasionally意为“偶尔，间或”，always意为“总是，一直”，almost意为“差不多，几乎”，均不符合语境。
答案 D
5．A. Unhappily B．Unfortunately
C．Unforgettably D．Unkindly
解析根据常识可知，最爱的女儿Enid的离去自然是一件“不幸”的事情。unfortunately意为“不幸地”，符合语境；unhappily意为“不开心地”，unforgettably意为“令人难忘地”，unkindly意为“刻薄地，不客气地”，均不符合语境。
答案 B
6．A. casual B．remote
C．special D．conventional
解析根据常识可知，“人生70古来稀”，80岁生日自然尤为“特别”。special意为“特别的”，符合语境；casual意为“随便的，临时的”，remote意为“遥远的，疏远的”，conventional意为“传统的，常见的”，均不符合语境。
答案 C
7．A. Even if B．So that
C．In case D．Now that
解析句意为：即使Myra不来，她也会送一份礼物。由句意可知，前后分句之间为一种让步关系，所以应用表示让步关系的连词even if，意为“即使”。
答案 A
8．A. proud B．capable
C．sure D．afraid
解析根据下文的描述可知，老人坚信她的女儿即便不来也会送她礼物。be sure of为固定短语，意为“坚信，确信”，符合语境。
答案 C
9．A. sharpened B．weakened
C．widened D．brightened
解析根据下文中的“She would enjoy her day！”可知，此处应指老人红光满面，面露喜色。brighten意为“使闪亮，使快乐，使露喜色”，符合语境。
答案 D
10．A. excited B．alarmed
C．inspired D．satisfied
解析根据语境可知，老人此时兴奋得像个孩子。excited意为“兴奋的，激动的”，符合语境。答案 A
11．A. thinking B．imagining
C．welcoming D．watching
解析根据上下文语境可知，此句是指老人久久地站在门口，期盼着礼物的到来。因此选watching最符合语境，意为“守望，眺望”。
答案 D
12．A. steadily B．wildly
C．nervously D．randomly
解析根据语境可知，此处应选wildly，该词是一种夸张的表达，旨在体现老人无法掩饰的、因迫切而慌乱激动的心情。
答案 B
13．A. discontent B．loneliness
C．disappointment D．annoyance
解析根据上下文语境可知，此句是指老人的心情由先前“狂乱的兴奋”跌之“沉重的失望”，是一种修辞上的对比。disappointment意为“失望，沮丧”，符合语境。
答案 C
14．A. patient B．anxious
C．urgent D．mild
解析根据语境可知，此句是指老人自我解嘲、自我安慰的一种无奈的表达，同时也暗含着一丝苦涩的期盼，所以老人告诫自己还要“耐心一点儿”。patient意为“耐心的”，符合语境。
答案 A
15．A. immediately B．cheerfully
C．angrily D．unwillingly
解析根据语境可知，此句是指老人对自己期盼的“礼物”非常失望，因此不愿意打开它。unwillingly意为“不情愿地，勉强地”，符合语境；immediately意为“立刻，马上”，cheerfully 意为“高高兴兴地”，angrily意为“愤怒地”，均不符合语境。
答案 D
16．A. Pinned B．Folded
C．Lined D．Roped
解析根据下文的“a piece of paper”可知，此处应选fold，意为“折叠，合拢”，表示“在卡片里折了一张纸”。
答案 B
17．A. card B．bonus
C．cheque D．cash
解析根据下文中的“The cheque moved quickly”可知，此处应选cheque，意为“支票”，符合语境。
答案 C
18．A. bent B．leaned
C．struggled D．stretched
解析综合考虑老人此时的心情和神态可知，她拾起支票的姿势应该是“弯腰”。bend意为“弯腰，弯曲”，符合语境。lean意为“倾斜，倚靠”；struggle意为“努力，挣扎”，是一个中性词汇，不能体现身体的姿势；stretch意为“伸展，延伸”，均不符合语境。
答案 A
19．A. painful B．sad
C．expensive D．lovely
解析根据语境可知，此处应选lovely，表现的是一种强烈的讽刺效果，增强了语言的表现力。而painful，sad两词会使语言的色调索然无味，暗淡无光。
答案 D
20．A. moving B．trembling
C．reacting D．freezing
解析根据语境可知，当老人看到女儿给自己的礼物竟然是一张支票时，她感到既失望又痛心，所以应选trembling，意为“颤抖的，战栗的”，生动地表现了老人当时的心情和神态；moving 意为“动人的”，reacting意为“反应的”，freezing意为“冰冻的，严寒的”，均不符合语境。
答案 B
四、阅读理解
A
“Stop making excuses for him，Mom，”I said.“But maybe he is feeling unwell...” Mom said.“Maybe nothing，” I interrupted.I had been tending Mom since her health began to decline and this would be the first time in a year that my husband and I had a night out together.Jerry had promised to stay with Mom.But again he let us down.And more often than not，his drinking had a lot to do with it.His irresponsibility upset me.
I remembered our happy growing-up years in a small town in West Virginia.With good family education，Jerry had been a kind kid.He was only 15 when Dad died.Unlike him，I got over the sorrow soon，but he started drinking.Soon he began hanging out with bad guys.
Jerry and I didn’t see each other often，but we talked on the https://www.doczj.com/doc/4815917847.html,ually，though，we ended up fighting.When Mom came to live with us，Jerry dropped in regularly at first，but after a while his visits became sporadic.He explained he couldn’t handle seeing Mom in such a bad
condition.Another excuse，I thought.
One day I went to see the doctor about my back.It had been aching for months.“I can’t find anything wrong with you physically，”the doctor said.“But I can tell you’re very tense.Is something bothering you？” I poured out my story about Jerry.“Do you think he’s likely to change？” he asked.I shrugged.“Probably not.”“But，you can，”he said gently.
Me？Why did I have to change？He was the one who constantly let us down.But what had I done？Maybe the doctor was right.I couldn’t love his behavior，but I could love him—the way I did when we were little.As I walked into the house I sensed a relief.
Jerry died young due to drinking.I miss him.But I’m grateful I was given the opportunity to show him I loved him—as he was，not as I wanted him to be.
【语篇解读】爱一个人，并不意味着他很完美。有时，即便他有着让人难以忍受的缺点，也要学会去爱——爱他不是因为他是你所期望的那样，而是爱他本人。
1．When Jerry failed to carry out his promise that night，his mother________.
A．felt very angry B．tried to defend him
C．was indifferent about it D．phoned him to ask him to come back
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Stop ma king excuses for him，Mom，” I said.“But maybe he is feeling unwell...”可推断，答案为B。
答案： B
2．Jerry got into the habit of drinking mainly because________.
A．he was influenced by bad guys
B．his mom left to live with his sister
C．nobody cared for him after his father died
D．he couldn’t get over the sadness of losing his father
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Unlike him，I got over the sorrow soon，but he started drinking 可知，答案为D。
答案： D
3．The underlined word “sporadic” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”．A．occasional B．frequent
C．formal D．unpleasant
解析：词义猜测题。根据句中Jerry dropped in regularly at first，but...可判断，刚开始Jerry 经常来看望妈妈，但不久就很少来了，故答案为A。
答案： A
4．What did the author think of the doctor’s suggestion at first?
A．It was acceptable. B．It gave her much hope.
C．It was unreasonable. D．It made her confused.
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段Me？Why did I have to change？He was the one who constantly let us down.可推断，答案为C。
答案： C
5．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Love can help a person give up bad habits.
B．Too much tension will destroy a person’s health.
C．We shouldn’t expect too much of a person.
D．We should try to love a person as he is.
解析：主旨大意题。根据末段But I’m grateful I was given the opportunity to show him I loved him—as he was，not as I wanted him to be可推断，爱一个人，要爱他本人，而不是因为他是你期望的那样，故答案为D。
答案： D
B
Shay asked, “Do you think they’ll let me play?” Shay’s father knew that most of the boys would not want someone like Shay on their team, but the father also understood that if his son, mentally and physically disabled, were allowed to play, it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence.
Shay’s father approached one of the boys on the field and asked if Shay could play, not expecting much. The boy looked around and said, “We’re losing by six runs (分) and the game is in the eighth inning (局).I guess he can be on our team and we’ll try to put him in to bat in the final inning.
Shay struggled over to the team’s bench and put on a team shirt with a broad smile and his father had a small tear in his eye and warmth in heart. The boys saw the father’s joy at his son being accepted.
In the bottom of the eighth inning, Shay’s team scored a few runs but was still behind by three. In the top of the final inning, Shay put on a glove and played in the field. Even though no hits came his way, he was obviously joyful just to be in the game and on the field. In the bottom of the final inning, Shay’s team scored again. Now, Shay was scheduled to be next at bat. Would they let Shay bat and give away their chance to win the game?
Surprisingly, Shay was given the bat. Everyone knew that a hit was almost impossible. The first pitch (投) came and Shay missed. The pitcher again took a few steps forward to throw the ball softly towards Shay. As the pitch came in, Shay swung at the ball and hit a slow ground ball right back to the pitcher.
The pitcher could have easily thrown he ball to the first baseman and Shay would have been out and that would have been the end of the game .Instead, the pitcher threw the ball right over the head of the first baseman, beyond the reach of all teammates, The audience and the players from both teams started screaming, “Shay, run to first!” Never in his life had Shay ever run that far but made it to first base, wide-eyed and shocked.
Everyone should, “Run to second!” Catching his breath, Shay awkwardly ran towards second. By the time Shay rounded towards second base, the smallest guy on their team, who had a chance to be the
hero for his team for the first time, could have thrown the ball to the second baseman, but he understood the pitcher’s intentions and he too intentionally threw the ball high and far over the third baseman’s head.
All were screaming，“Shay，Shay，Shay，all the way Shay.” Shay reached third base when one opposing player ran to help him and shouted, “Shay, run to third.” As Shay rounded third, all were on their feet, crying, “Shay, run home！”Shay ran to home, stepped on the home base and was cheered as the hero who t won the game for his team.
That day, the boys from both teams helped bring a piece true love and humanity into this world. Shay didn’t make it to another summer and died that winter, having never forgotten being the hero and making his father so happy and coming home and seeing his mother tearfully hug her little hero of the day!
( ) 1. Not e xpecting much, Shay’s father still asked the boy if Shay could play, mainly because the father _________.
A. noticed some of the boys on the field were heisting
B. guessed his presence would affect the boy’s decision
C. learned some of the boys on the field knew Shay well
D. understood Shay did need a feeling of being accepted
( ) 2. In the bottom of the final inning Shay was given the bat because the boys _________.
A. believed they were sure to win the game
B. would like to help Shay enjoy the game
C. found Shay was so eager to be a winner
D. fell forced to give Shay another chance
( ) 3. The smallest boy threw the ball high and far over the third baseman’s head, probably because that boy ________.
A. was obviously aware of the pitcher’s purpose
B. looked forward to winning the game for his team
C. failed to throw the ball to the second baseman
D. saw that Shay already reached second base
( ) 4. Which of the following has nothing to do with Shay’s becoming the hero for his team?
A. The pitcher did not throw the ball to the first baseman.
B. The audience and the players from both teams cheered for him.
C. The opposing players failed to stop his running to home.
D. One of the opposing players ran to help him.
( ) 5. What to you think is the theme of the story?
A. True human nature could be realized in the way we treat each other.
B. Everyone has his own strength even if mentally or physically disabled.
C. Everyone can develop his team spirit in sports and please his parents.
D. The results of the game should not be the only concern of the players.
本篇文章是一篇关于爱的教育的故事。一位父亲鼓励帮助自己心智和身体残疾的儿子，和正常人一样参与棒球运动，并且得到同伴的认可。文章富有教育意义。
1. 细节题。根据题干关键词定位到文章第一段，but处出题，最后一句”it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence”得出答案D为正确选项。
2.细节题。答案在原文第五段surprisingly处，显示了一种转折。在上一段讲了Shay的团队赢分了，在上文even though点出尽管他没有一个球是他进的，但他仍然感到很喜悦。在第五段文章说他被伙伴们同意进入了最后一局。可见答案B是正确的，所有人都希望能够帮助他成功。
3. 细节题。根据题干将关键词定位到第七段”the smallest guy on their team”，这是个长难句，who引导了一个非限制性定语从句，他本可以成为比赛最后的hero,可but 点出了转折，他明白pitcher的意图并且帮助了Shay的成功。可见答案A正确。
4.推断题。题干问下面哪一项是和Shay的成功无关的。文章第八段最后说众人喊道: “Shay, run home”,当他run home之后，我们看到结果是他成功了，他成为了Hero，可见没有任何人在这个时候阻止了他。可见C选项是与他的成功无关的，为正确选项。
5. 主旨大意题。文章处处渗透了球队人与人之间的相互尊重，因此A选项包容性最大，B,C,D 都是很片面的。
五、短文七选五
（2017浙江—高考选练题）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Questions to Ask Before Getting Your Child a Cellphone
At what age should you get your child a cellphone？__1__However, before you decide to add your child to your family plan, ask yourself these questions.
__2__
If you and your child are not often apart beyond school hours, a cellphone may not be a serious necessity, but if he is independent or involved in extracurricular (课外的) activities outside your home, a cellphone could be useful, especially during emergencies as a convenient means of communication with you.
Does your child understand the cost?
Make sure your child understands the cost of having a cellphone.__3__Some options to help control costs include prepaid and postpaid phones, setting a monthly budget for your child.
How can you keep your child’s phone u sage safe and under control?
Before you get your child a phone, you should discuss what it can be used for，rules he is expected to follow, and consequences if he fails to follow them.__4__
__5__If you prefer to take an extra step towards monitoring his phone use, these application programs allow you to track your child’s mobile activity.
A．Who needs a cellphone?
B．How can you determine whether or not to buy a cellphone for your child?
C．You ask your child to make use of his cellphone for learning.
D．Also be sure that he can be trusted to stay within his limits from month to month.
E．Also, educate yourself on what social media apps are popular with teens.
F．According to Pew Research Center, the average age is between 12 and 13.
G．For example, is the phone only to be used to call family, or can it be used socially?
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。孩子要不要买手机？什么时候给孩子买手机合适？为什么需要手机？如何规划手机产生的费用？文章就这些问题给出了适当的解释。
1．F细节支撑句。根据文章的大意和本段首句中的关键信息词“At what age”可知，回答的问题涉及孩子的年龄，故选项F符合语境。]
2．B段落主旨句。根据下一段中的两个if条件句，“如果你孩子不常离开你们……”和“如果你孩子很独立或常参加课外活动……”来确定该不该买手机，由此可推断出该段的标题为“How can you determine whether or not to buy a cellphone for your child”。]
3．D上下文过渡句。由上一句提出的“the cost of having a cellphone”和后一句分析的几种选择的方式可知，此空该填入“Also be sure that he can be trusted to stay within his limits from month to m onth”。此外，“Also be sure”与“Make sure”相呼应。]
4．G细节支撑句。由前一句中的关键信息“discuss what it can be used for，rules...and consequences if he fails to follow them”即可推断出，“For example，is the phone only to be used to call family，or can it be used socially”符合语境。G项举例说明了孩子该如何使用手机。] 5．E段落主旨句。由空格后一句中的关键信息“these application programs allow you to track your child’s mobile activity”即可推断出E项符合语境。E项中的“social media apps”与下文中的
“these application programs”相照应。]
按住Ctrl键单击鼠标打开配套教学视频名师讲课播放必修5 Unit 1 JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attend ed Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he tho ught about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly diseas e of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be contr olled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera kille d people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangero us gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the dis ease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evide nce. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his en quiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gat her information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had liv ed. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the de aths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 an d 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he mad e further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 C ambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water f rom the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He imm ediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away fr om Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certaint y that polluted water carried the virus. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source o f all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally "King Cholera" was defeated. COPERNICUS’ REVOLUTIONRRY THEORY
选修6 Unit 1 Art-Reading A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance (15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values graduallv replaced those held in the Middle Ages.People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess t heir own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the roles of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal. from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes. Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.
Unit1 课内练习答案（P3Ex.1） P3Ex.3 1F2T3T4T5T6T P4Ex.1 1superb2aim3ridiculous4faith5evident 6conventional7gallery8abstract9technique10sculpture P4Ex.2 possess a great deal By coincidence adopt attempted On the other hand predict 详解： 翻译：《这些作品是凡高的真迹吗？》最受欢迎的艺术风格在西方国家就是印象派，许多人想拥有一幅印象派作品并且不惜花巨资去买一幅，巧合的事是，一些采用印象派画法的画家也可以画出不为人知的“杰作”，有一位画家，奥托?沃森，用凡高的风格作画并且迅速赚了很多钱，许多评论家都觉得它是凡高的真迹，一方面，一些评论家发现了，另一方面，一些评论家好奇是否有许多“杰作”被挂在画廊上，一位膜拜凡高作品的人说：“如果这种杰作的数量超过200，我也不会惊奇.”于是有人预言下一幅“杰作”在什么地方什么地点会被发现？ P5Ex.2 1W2F3W4F 5.If he had right to choose his holiday,he would go to Mexico. 6.If I were not allergic to shellfish,I would enjoy eating them. 7.If the marble statue were not big for her garden,the housewife would
8.If we knew more about the disease,we would be able to treat the patients very effectively. P5Ex.3 1were would make2were would be3were would be 4could would paint5were would help6could take 7knew would send8could9were would be 10would come could P7Ex.2
选修六 Unit 1 1.adj. 现实主义的；逼真的；现实的 2.adj. 抽象的；深奥的n. 摘要 3.n. 雕塑 4.n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 5.n. 美术陈列室；画廊 6.n. 信任；信心；信念 7.adv. 忠实地 8.adv. 所以；因而 9.n. 目标；目的vi. & vt. 瞄准；（向某方向）努力 10.adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的 11.adj. 典型的；有代表性的 12.adj. 明显的；明白的 13.n. 新生；复兴；复活 14.vt. 采用；采纳；收养 15.adj. 人道主义的 16.vt. 拥有；具有；支配 17.n. （尤作复数）所有；财产 18.adj. 卓越的；杰出的；极好的 19.n. 透视画法；透视图；观点 20.n. 技术；方法；技能 21.n. 巧合（的事）；（事情、口味、故事等）相合 22.巧合地 23.n. 杰作；名著 24.n. 印象主义；印象派 25.adj. 印象派的 n.印象派艺术家 26.adj. 后印象派的n. 后印象派艺术家 27.大量28.n. 阴影；影子 29.adj. 荒谬的；可笑的 30.adj. 争论的；争议的 31.n. 努力；尝试；企图vt. 尝试；企图 32.（可是）另一方面 33.vt. 预言；预告；预测 34.n. 风景；景色 35.adj. 确切的；特定的 36.n. 画像；身材；数字 37.n. 黏土 38.n. 评论家；批评者 39.n. 青铜；青铜色；青铜制艺术品 40.n. 大理石 41.vt. 雕刻；刻记 42.adj. 脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的 43.n. 帆布；画布 44.n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆 45.adj. 过敏性的；对……过敏的 46.adv. 有效地 47.n. 展览；陈列；展览会 48.adj.敢做敢为的;侵略的；好斗的 49.n. 学者 50.n. 肉；肌肉；肉体 51.活着的；本人 52.n. 几何学 53.n. 束；串 54.n. 林荫道；道路；大街 55.n. 喜爱；偏爱
新人教版选修六第一单元Reading课文译文 西方绘画艺术简史 艺术是受着人民生活习俗和信仰的影响的。西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。由于西方的艺术风格多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。因此，本文只谈及公元6世纪以来最主要的几种艺术风格。 中世纪（公元5世纪到15世纪） 在中世纪，画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。一个传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。那个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的（象）特征，体现出了对上帝的爱戴与敬重。但是，很显然到了13世纪时，观念发生变化，像乔托这样的画家开始以一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。 文艺复兴时期（15世纪到16世纪） 在文艺复兴时期，新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的思想和价值观。人们开始较少关注宗教主题而采取一种更人性化的生活态度。同时画家们回到了罗马、希腊的古典艺术理念上。他们力争如实地画出人物和自然。富人们想拥有自己的艺术品并用来装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅，他们出价聘请著名艺术家来为自己画像，画自己的房屋和其他财物，以及他们的活动和成就。 在此期间，最重要的发现之一就是如何用透视法来画出事物。这一手法是1428年由马萨其奥第一次使用的。当人们第一次看到他的画时，还以为是透过墙上的小洞来观看真实的场景，并对此深信不疑。如果没有发现透视法，人们就不可能画出如此逼真的画。巧合的是这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，它使得绘画的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。没有新的颜料和新的（绘画）手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时代著名的杰作。 印象派时期（19世纪后期到20世纪初期） 19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成
人教版英语选修六课 文原文
Unit 1A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artistof this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance(15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they coule decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence,oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism(late 19h to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal,from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worke in Paris. The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous. Modern Art(29th century to today) At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepeted as the beginning of what we call "modern art". This is
高中英语选修6 Unit 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance(15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism(late 19h to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal, from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris. The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous. Modern Art(29th century to today) At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call "modern art". This is because the
Unit 1A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artistof this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance(15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they coule decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence,oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism(late 19h to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal,from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worke in Paris. The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous. Modern Art(29th century to today) At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepeted as the beginning of what we call "modern art". This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways. There are scores of modern art styles,but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exsist. On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates n certain qualities of the object,