宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序

宾语从句和表语从句一、宾语从句要点归纳★宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。

★that在引导宾语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，且通常可以省略。

但如果含有两个或两个以上的并列宾语从句时，通常只有第一个从句的that可以省略，其余从句的that一般不能省略。

如：My uncle said (that) he would come and that he would also bring his son.★whether和if都意为“是否”，通常情况下，二者都可以引导宾语从句；但在介词之后或与or not连用时，只能用whether。

注意：当whether与or not 不连在一起时，口语中可用if取代whether，当然也可以用whether。

如：I don't know if / whether there will be trains any more. They are worrying about whether they can get there in time.I don't know whether or not I should take his advice.I'm not sure if / whether the train will arrive on time o r not.★有时可用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句后置。

如：We have made it clear that we will learn to deal with var ious difficult problems.★在第一人称I / we与动词think, expect, believe, guess, suppose等连用，后接宾语从句时，通常将从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词，形成否定前移。

如：I don't suppose you're used to this diet.二、表语从句要点归纳★表语从句一定要用陈述语序。

文档，宾语从句变化四要素1、时态：主过从过：含有宾语从句的复合句中，主句用一般过去时，从句必须要用过去时的某种时态。

（特殊情况主过从现：从句如果是自然现象、客观规律等除外）时态变化从句原形宾语从句一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时（了解）am/is wasare werehave/has hadwill wouldcan coulddo/does did2、引导词：that if/whether 特殊疑问词从句原形宾语从句陈述句(that)+陈述句一般疑问句if+陈述句特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+陈述句语序3、语序：宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序4、人称：根据需要（了解）试一试，我能行1. Tom said. He is reading a book.→2. He asks me. Are they playing a game?→3. Where is the hospital? He told me.→4.Who bought the pen? He wondered.→宾语从句变化四要素2、时态：主过从过：含有宾语从句的复合句中，主句用一般过去时，从句必须要用过去时的某种时态。

（特殊情况主过从现：从句如果是自然现象、客观规律等除外）时态变化从句原形宾语从句一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时（了解）am/is wasare werehave/has hadwill wouldcan coulddo/does did2、引导词：that if/whether 特殊疑问词从句原形宾语从句陈述句(that)+陈述句一般疑问句if+陈述句特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+陈述句语序3、语序：宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序4、人称：根据需要（了解）试一试，我能行1. Tom said. He is reading a book.→2. He asks me. Are they playing a game?→3. Where is the hospital? He told me.→4.Who bought the pen? He wondered.→宾语从句变化四要素3、时态：主过从过：含有宾语从句的复合句中，主句用一般过去时，从句必须要用过去时的某种时态。

英语中从句都是陈述句语序吗英语中所有的从句都是陈述句语序（包括直接引⽤和间接引语）。

就主语和谓语的位置来说都是陈述语序，但有些从句有倒装的可能，如下：Young as he is ,he knows a lot.从句是倒装。

宾语从句的⽤法1.语序⽆论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使⽤陈述语序，即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。

根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：1)连接词+谓语。

连接词在从句中作主语。

常见的连接词有： who，what，which等。

如：Could you tell me who knows the answer，please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗?The small children don't know what is in their stockings.这些⼩孩⼦不知道袜⼦⾥有什么东西?2)连接词+名词+谓语。

连接词在从句中作主语的定语。

常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。

如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。

The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.⽼师问我们房间⾥有多少⼈。

3)连接词+主语+谓语。

连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。

常见的连接词有：who(m)，what，which，how many，how much， when，why，how，where，if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)等。

如：He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决定是否去⽆锡旅⾏。

（一）宾语从句宾语从句要注意以下几个方面：1．任何一个宾语从句都必须用陈述句语序：这一点是最重要的。

（陈述句语序是指谓语动词必须在主语的后面）2．任何一个宾语从句都必须有引导词，而且引导词的位置就在及物动词和宾语从句的中坚。

（只有当that引导宾语从句的时候，由于that本身无意义，故可以省略）3．宾语从句的时态通常和主句中的时态保持一致。

（即主句是现在时，宾语从句通常用现在时范畴的各种时态；而当主句是过去时，宾语从句则要用过去时范畴的各种时态）Model 1There are team sports and individual sports. (We know)We know that there are team sports and individual sports.(1)It is important to keep healthy. (People believe)(2)The basketball match is going to take place next Tuesday. (They have told me)(3)It is hard to run a marathon. (They understand)(4)We should relax for some time. (He says)(5)Most students took an active part in the English Evening. (The monitor knows)Model 2A: I enjoy individual sports.B: What did he say? I couldn’t hear him.C: He said he enjoyed individual sports.(1)A: I prefer to be a spectator.B: What did he say?C: He said _______________.(2)A: I like fruit.B: What did he say?C: He said ______________.(3)A: I know how to use a computer.B: What did he say?C: He said ______________.(4)A: I do ten maths problems every day.B: What did he say?C: He said ______________.(5)A: I relax for some time during my work.B: What did he say?C: He said _____________.Model 3It won’t rain. (He said)He said (that) it wouldn’t rain.(1)It won’t matter much. (He said)(2)The astronaut will fly into space soon. (She told me)(3)Smoking will be harmful to your health. (The doctor said)(4)The computer will cost you a lot of money. (Jane said)(5)She won’t shake hands with you. (The girl said)Model 4Has he arrived?No one knows whether (if) he has arrived.(1)Will he go on the trip with us?I don’t know ________________________________.(2)Are the twins taking a test?Do you know _______________________________?(3)Has he posted the letter?I’m now sure _______________________________.(4)Is Wendy in charge of recreation and sports?Can you tell me _____________________________?Model 5Did the newspaper report the news?He asked whether (if) the newspaper had reported the news.(5)Do the students often get part-time jobs?She asked ___________________________________.(6)Have you decided on the date for the test?The students asked _____________________________.(7)Did Mrs. Winter give you a C instead of a B?Bill asked ____________________________________.(8)Can Jim jump as high as Bob?He asked _____________________________________Model 6Why did he give them such a lecture? (He told them)He told them why he had given them such a lecture.(1)Where did Tom spend his last holiday? (She asked her friends)(2)When is she going to buy bicycles for them? (The children asked their mother)(3)How did Angela discover the uncorrected mistakes? (Martin asked)(4)Why didn’t Paul come to school for such a long time? (Peter told his classmates)(5)Did you have a lovely time at Christmas? (Jane asked Mary)Model 7 How did she get there?He asked how she had got there.Model 8 Who has written a letter to you?He asked who had written a letter to you.(1)How did he get these tickets?(2)Who has received a letter?(3)What did she tell you?(4)What did they do in London?(5)When did you buy the turkey?(6)Which was the best Christmas present?(7)What did Mum put around the Christmas tree?(8)Who has opened the presents?练习：plete the following sentences:1.Does he come from Australia?I don’t know ____________________________________________________2.Are the students doing their homework?No one knows ___________________________________________________ 3.Have you decided on the date for the sports meeting?We want to know ________________________________________________4.Can Mary retell the story in English?My friend asked me ______________________________________________ 5.Are the students going to visit the Nanpu Bridge sometime?He asked us ____________________________________________________6.Do you often go to see your cousins?They asked me __________________________________________________ 7.Who is she speaking to on the phone?He wanted to know ______________________________________________8.Why didn’t he tell the truth?Do you know ___________________________________________________9.Where did she find the dictionary?No one knew ___________________________________________________ 10.There is something wrong with his lung.He said ________________________________________________________II.把直接引语改成间接引语：（①引导单词②人称③时态）1.“Will all of you take part in the party?”She asked ______ all of ________ take part in the party.2.“What have you done with your money?” he asked the girl.He asked the girl _______ ________ ________ done with ________ money.3.“Is your party going to begin at 7o’clock?” he asked us.He asked us ________ ________ party ________ going to begin at 7 o’clock.4.“Which subject do you like best?” Mr. Hill asked his son.Mr. Hill asked his son ________ subject ________ ________ best.III.将下列句子改为间接引语：（①引导单词②人称③时态）1.“They stayed there for a week,” she said to me.She ________ me ________ they ________ ________ there for a week.2.“I saw a note on my desk,” he said.He said _______ _______ ________ _______ a note on _______ desk.3.“I have learned English for two years,” he said.He said _______ _______ ________ learned English for two years.4.He asked me, “What do you want?”He asked me ________ ________ ________.5.I asked her, “What on earth do you know?”I asked her ________ on earth ________ ________.6.He wondered, “Who has taken my English book?”He wondered _________ _________ take ________ English book.7.“Why didn’t you tell me earlier?” she asked him.She asked him ________ ________ ________ _______ ________ earlier.8.“Have you any questions?” said the teacher.The teacher said ________ ________ ________ any questions.9.“I went to visit my teacher two days ago,” she said.She said _______ _______ _______ to visit ________ teacher.10.She said to me, “You had better take my advice.”She ______ me _______ had better take _______ advice.11.Mr. Smith said to his wife, “How did you like the film?”Mr. Smith _________ his wife _______ _______ _______ the film.12.The teacher said, “Sound doesn’t travel as fast as electricity.”The teacher said ________ sound _______ travel as fast as electricity.13.“Do you understand what I have said?” She said to me.She _______ me ________ ________ ________ what ________ _______ said.【考点扫描】I.Choose the best answer:1.He didn’t remember ______ his watch. (1995)A.where he had putB. where he has putC. where had he putD. where has he put2.I don’t know _________. (1996)A.why they didn’t go to the moviesB. when they didn’t go to the moviesC. why didn’t they go to the moviesD. when didn’t they go to the movies3.The old man wondered _________. (1997)A.whether the American pilot had seen UFOsB.whether had the American pilot seen UFOsC.how had the American pilot seen UFOsD.that the American pilot had seen UFOs4.He hasn’t decided __________. (1998)A.if he’ll go on a trip to WuxiB. when will he go on a trip to WuxiC. if he goes on a trip to WuxiD. when does he go on a trip to Wuxi5.Miss Li wants to know _________ next week. (1999)A.when my uncle leavesB. when will my uncle leaveC. where my uncle wll stayD. when does he go on a trip to Wuxi6.He asked me _______ during the winter holidays. (2000)A. where I had goneB. where I had beenC. where had I goneD. where had been7.Will you please tell me _________? (2001)A. where Pudong Airport isB. how far Pudong Airport wasC. how can we go to Pudong AirportD. when was Pudong Airport built8.I’d like to know _________. (2002)A.when will he give back the tapeB.whether has he received higher educationC.that he has been busyD.whether she will join in our English Evening9.Professor Nelson wanted to know _______. (2005)A. when would the conference beginB. when the conference would beginC. when will the conference beginD. when the conference will beginII.Rewrite the following sentences as required:1.The boy asked his mother, “Does water freeze at 0℃” (保持句意) (2003)The boy asked his mother _________ water _________ at 0℃.2.Jack’s mother asked him, “Have you packed your things?” (保持句意) (2004)Jack’s mother asked him ________ he _________ packed his things.III.Choose the best answer:1.I wanted to know whether ______ find out the cause of yesterday’s accident.A. they canB. can theyC. they couldD. could they2.You see, these coats are very nice. I really don’t know ________.A. which to buyB. how to buyC. what to buyD. when to buy3.Can you tell me _______ the Shanghai Library?A. the way toB. how can I get toC. how to arrive inD. when to buy4.Could you tell me when ______ leave for London?A. will youB. would youC. you willD. you would5.I haven’t decided ________ I will go to Mary’s birthday party or not.A. whetherB. weatherC. whenD. that6.Do you know when ________?A. the sports meeting will beginB. will the sports meeting beginC. the sports meeting beginsD. will begin the sports meeting7.I hope _________ late again.A. for you not to beB. you not to beC. your not beingD. you won’t be8.He knows Beijing very well. He said he ________.9.I really don’t know ________ between the two books.10.Could you tell me _________?A. what is the boy’s nameB. what name the boy isC. what the boy’s name isD. what is the name of the boy11.He didn’t know ___________.A. what is wrong with himB. what was wrong with himC. what wrong is with himD. what wrong was with him12.I don’t know if the headmaster ________ today. Please call me when he _______.A. comes; comesB. will come; will comeC. will come; comesD. comes; will come13.I’ve never seen so many beautiful pictures. I don’t know _______.A. which could takeB. which one to takeC. what to takeD. to take what14.Michael asked the clerk at the post office ________.A. how much did it costB. how much it costC. how much does it costD. how much it costed15.Mary asked Tom ________ lesson notes.A. if he could lend herB. if she could lend himC. whether she could lend himD. whether she could borrow him16.Dad asked Kathy where _________ that Hula Hoop.A. you gotB. had she gotC. did you getD. she had got17.The boy wants to know _______ go to town.A. what Uncle John used toB. how Uncle John used toC. what did Uncle JohnD. how did Uncle John use to18.Do you know whom ________.A. the first watch was inventedB. was the first watch inventedC. the first watch was invented byD. the first watch was invented of19.I asked Jackson _________.A.whether his parents have bought a pair of shoes for himB.whether his parents had bought a pair of shoes for himC.that his parents bought him a pair of shoesD.that his parents had bought him a pair of shoes20.Could you tell me __________.A.where I should visitB. what I should visitB.where should I visit D. what should I visit21.Mrs. White was not sure __________.A.that she would take his adviceB. if she would take those advicesC. that would she take his adviceD. if she would take his advice22.My father said he _______ us as soon as he got to America.A. phonedB. would phoneC. had phonedD. was phoning23.I’m sure that Lily ________ how to use the computer already.A. has learnedB. will learnC. learnsD. had learned24.I can’t tell whose dictionary _______.A. this isB. this doesC. is thisD. is it25.Timmy knows _______.A. where did the car makeB. where the car was madeC. where the car is madeD. where does the car make26.I believe ________ just now is true.A. what he saidB. that he saidC. what he saysD. that he says27.Susan asked Linda ________ the performances.A. how she likedB. how did she likeC. how you likedD. how did you like28.Mike asked me _________.A.what does the Great Wall look likeB.what did the Great Wall look likeC.what the Great Wall looks likeD.what the Great Wall looked like29.A: I have no idea if he ________. B: He will call you if he _______.A. agree with me, will agreeB. will agree with me, agreesC. agrees with me, doesn’t agreeD. will agree with me, won’t agrees30.Could you tell me ________?A.what are your parentsB. what your parents areC. who were your parentsD. who your parents wereIV.Rewrite the following sentences as required:1.I don’t know when to leave for Japan.I don’t know when _______ _______ _______ leave for Japan.2.Mrs. Yellow told Tim not to throw litter on the ground.Mrs. Yellow told Tim ________ he ________ throw litter on the ground.3.Peter wanted to know which event to enter for.Peter wanted to know which event ________ ________ enter for.4.The students asked when to have their holiday.The students asked when ________ ________ have their holiday.V.Fill in the blanks with what, when, how, why, where or which:(1)The astronauts didn’t know _______ to do _________ they saw a flyingsaucer.(2)Will you please tell me ________ to get to the nearest bus stop?(3)He told me _______ to find the manager.(4)I can’t decide _________ to choose.(5)He wants to learn _________ to serve the customers better.(6)Have they decided ________ to leave for Beijing?(7)Do you know _________ the Children’s Restaurant is always crowded withpeople?(二) 被动语态【基本知识】英语有两种语态：被动语态(passive voice)和主动语态(active voice)。

宾语从句一、宾语从句的定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。

宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。

谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。

有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。

二、宾语从句中的引导词在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：连词：that (that 常可省略), whether, if代词：who, whose, what, which副词：when, where, how, why 等。

三、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。

例句如下：1.I don't know what they are looking for.2.Could you tell me when the train will leave?3.Can you imagine what kind of man he is?四、宾语从句的时态1. 主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。

例句：The headmaster hopes everything goes well.2. 主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。

例句：She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.3. 当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。

例句：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.五、宾语从句的特点1. 宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。

2. 宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。

3. 连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义，不充当句子成份，多数情况下可以省略。

4. whether和if都可引导宾语从句，但whether后可紧跟or not；whether从句可作介词的宾语。

宾语从句专项讲解及练习（有答案）宾语从句一、基本概念定义：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。

二、宾语从句分类动词的宾语从句e.g.He asked whose handwriting was the best.介词的宾语从句e.g.It depends on whether it is going to rain.形容词的宾语从句,即系词+心理状态形容词+宾语e.g I am afraid that he can't finish the work.三、宾语从句用法详解1.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。

即主语+谓语的顺序。

如：I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when we’ll hav e the meeting.注意：在宾语从句中带有特殊疑问词但句序不变的句子：What’s the matter?What’s your trouble?What’s your problem?What’s up?What’s your name?典型例题1.Can you tell me ____?A .whom do we have to see B. whom we have to see2. The teacher asked the students ____.A. what they were doingB. what were they doing3. She wants to know____.A. where does he liveB. Where he lives4. Her father asked _____.A. who the tallest isB. who is the tallest5.Do you know ____?A. what is on the desk B . what on the desk is答案：BABBA2.宾语从句的时态1）. 若主句时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。

宾语从句系在复合句中位于及物动词、介词、复合谓语之后充当宾语的从句。

宾语从句是中学英语试题命题的基本考点，也是中学英语学习的难点之一。

学习宾语从句的过程中就必然遇到最常见的六大要点。

一．陈述语序宾语从句中的语序必须是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语”，而且不可缺一。

这也就是说，从句的连系动词、助动词、情态动词、谓语动词只能位于从句的主语之后，而不能位于从句的主语之前；否者，就会引起从句语序的混乱。

例如：He asked me ________ during the summer holidays.had gone where (B).where I had been had I gone had I been析：A、C、D项均违反了宾语从句的陈述语序的原则，惟有B项正确。

二．主从句动词时态基点的一致性根据动词时态一致性原则，主句与从句的动词时态的基点应保持一致，或都以现在为基点，或都以过去为基点。

具体要注意以下三点：1.在包含宾语从句的复合句中，若主句的动词用一般现在时，起从句的谓语须根据需要选用各种时态，但原则上不用过去时态。

例如：Mary is very deligent.Tom says that Mary is reading her English newspaper now.Mary will give us a talk on English names.Mary has been caught in the heavy rain and was sent to hospital yesterday.2.在包含宾语从句的复合句中，若主句的动词用过去时，则从句的谓语动词也常用过去时态，如一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等。

例如：Mother told me that she would show me around her company the next Saturday.2.在包含宾语从句的复合句中，若从句的内容为客观事实、格言、谚语、常识等时，从句的谓语动词的时态不受主从句动词时态一致性原则的限制，即仍然使用一般现在时；若从句的内容为历史事实时，仍然使用一般过去时。

宾语从句的注意事项1）宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序He wanted to know. Are they good doctors? 他想知道。

他们是不是好医生？改为宾语从句：Hewanted to know if they were good doctors.他想知道他们是不是好医生。

He wanted to know. What are they watching? 他想知道。

他们正在看什么？改为宾语从句：He wanted to know what they were watching. 他想知道他们正在看什么。

如上，红色部分为陈述语序2）宾语从句的时态1.主句是一般现在时，则宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。

即宾语从句的时态应根据实际情况而定。

She says (that) she is reading an interesting book. 她说她正在读一本很有趣的书从句是现在进行时She says (that) she has never seen the sea. 她说她从来没有见过大海从句是现在完成时2.主句是一般过去时，宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。

Hesaid (that) he played basketball in the morning. 他说他在早上打篮球从句是一般过去时He said that he was going to play basketball. 他说他打算去打篮球从句是过去将来时3.当宾语从句表示客观真理与规律时，其时态依然使用一般现在时The teacher toldus the earth travels around the sun. 老师说地球围绕太阳转。

3）宾语从句的否定转移主句谓语动词是think（认为）, believe（相信）, imagine（想象）, suppose（猜想，猜测）, consider（考虑）, expect（期望）, fancy（想象，猜想）, guess（猜测）等，且主句主语是第一人称和一般现在时时，从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来。

宾语从句置于句首
在英语中，通常情况下宾语从句会出现在动词或介词之后，作为句子的宾语。

但是，有时候为了强调宾语从句的内容或者为了使句子结构更加平衡，宾语从句也可以被置于句首。

当宾语从句置于句首时，需要注意以下几点：
1. 使用连接词：在宾语从句置于句首的情况下，仍然需要使用连接词来引导从句。

常见的连接词包括that、whether、if 等。

2. 语序不变：宾语从句的语序通常是陈述句语序，即连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分。

即使宾语从句位于句首，语序也不应该改变。

3. 主谓一致：宾语从句中的谓语动词应该与主句的谓语动词在时态和人称上保持一致。

下面是一些宾语从句置于句首的例子：
1. That he is a good student is known to everyone.
2. Whether we will go on a trip depends on the weather.
3. If you need any help, please let me know.。

宾语从句要点盘点_初中英语一、宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。

如：Do you know why winter is colder than summer？你知道为什么冬季比夏季冷吗？二、宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应。

主句是现在或将来时态时，从句可用任何所需要的时态。

主句是过去时态时，从句要用表示过去的相应的时态。

但如果从句中有明确表示过去的时间状语，则从句应用一般过去时，不用过去完成时；如从句表达的是客观规律或真理时，用一般现在时。

如：He said he had finished his studies when the war broke out。

他说战争爆发时，他已经完成了学业。

He said he would spend his holiday in Dalian。

他说他将在大连度假。

She said that the earth moves around the sun。

她说地球围绕太阳转。

三、如宾语从句有自己的宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句后置。

其句型为：主语+谓语+it+补足语+宾语从句。

如：We think it important that we should master at least one foreign language。

我们认为掌握至少一门外语是重要的。

注意：(1)连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but和in等少数几个介词后。

其它一些介词的宾语从句如由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步，作形式宾语。

如-He is a good student except that he is careless。

他是个好学生，只不过有点粗心。

See to it that children don＇t catch cold。

当心孩子别感冒了。

(2)that引导表语从句时，在句中无词义，只起连接作用，但不可省去。

His idea is that we should go there at once。