大学英语B级考试语法

大学英语B级统考之语法概要动词的基本时态A. 知识要点1．一般现在时态动词形式为do 或does （第三人称单数）。

通常表示客观事实或真理；或表示经常发生的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。

e.g. He always goes to school by bike.他总是骑车去上学。

2．一般过去时态动词形式为did. 表示过去时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与过去特定的时间状语连用；或表示过去某一段时间一直持续或反复发生的动作，可与表示频度的时间副词连用。

e.g. I bought this computer five years ago.我在五年前买了这台电脑。

3．一般将来时态动词形式为will do/ shall do /be going to do. 表达在未来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

e.g. The telephone is ringing. I will answer it.电话在响，我去接。

4．现在进行时态动词形式为is/am/are+ doing，表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。

e.g. The police are looking for the two missing children.警察们正在寻找两个丢失的孩子。

5．过去进行时态动词形式为was/were + doing，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。

（主语是I，she，he 时用was）e.g. Jane burnt her hand when she was cooking the dinner.当简在煮晚饭时她的手被烧伤了。

6．现在完成时态动词形式为have / has done，常与already，recently，never，ever, yet，since连用。

用来表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作。

e.g. The milk has already become undrinkable 牛奶已经不能喝了。

大学英语语法词汇词组集合大学英语B级统考之语法概要大学英语三级统考之语法部分主要涉及到连接词、动词形式与时态、主谓语一致、虚拟语气等内容，为方便考生对语法知识的复习，现将考试当中重点涉及的内容总结如下：（一）名词A. 知识要点名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词有单、复数之分。

1．不可数名词只用单数形式。

如果要表示数量多少，需在其前面加量词来表达。

如：a piece of news（一条新闻）；two pieces of advice（两条建议）2．名词所有格的构成是名词加“’s”，如：Mary’s room；如原词已有复数词尾-s，则只加“’”，如：the students’ hall, 通常用于有生命的存在物的名词；名词所有格也可以由介词of加名词构成，通常用于无生命的存在物的名词, 如：the window of the classroom.B．例题讲解What a beautiful house! Especially there are many ______.A. furnitureB. furnituresC. pieces of furnitureD. pieces of furnitures解析：此题考查名词的单复数。

Furniture 为不可数名词，后面不能加s。

很多家具用many pieces of furniture，因此答案为C。

（二）冠词A. 知识要点冠词是一种虚词，用在名词前面，说明名词是特指还是泛指。

冠词分不定冠词和定冠词。

1. 不定冠词: a / an表示“一”、“某一”概念，用于单数可数名词前。

a用在辅音开头的词前，an用在元音开头的词前。

如：an English teacher/ a second year一位老师/又一年；2. 定冠词：the表示“特指的一个或一些”。

通常用在形容词最高级及序数词前，或世界上独一无二的事物前；也用于乐器名词前。

如：the best season最好的季节/the first lady第一夫人/the earth 地球/play the piano 弹钢琴；3. 不使用冠词的情况：在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐活动的名称之前。

B级考试词汇语法要点解析Ⅰ虚拟语气一. 概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。

二．在非真实条件句中的应用☆非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。

☆时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。

它的基本特点是时态比真实语气退后。

1. 主语从句中的虚拟语气主语从句中的虚拟语气主要取决于某些形容词和过去分词，用来表示建议、命令、要求、惊异和失望等。

其形式为：It is/ was +adj. +（should）动词原形…。

常这样用的形容词有：appropriate 适当的advisable 适当的，合理的better 较好的desirable 理想的essential 精华的imperative 迫切的important 重要的insistent 坚持的natural 自然的necessary 必要的preferable 优越的，较好的strange 奇怪的urgent 紧迫的vital 极其重要的常这样用的过去分词有：desired, demanded, ordered, requested, suggested, recommended, required 等。

例：It is essential that you (should) win the voters’ hearts. 赢得选民的心是绝对必要的。

例：It was suggested that he (should) join the club activities.有人提议他应该参加俱乐部的活动。

[真题（2000.06）]：It is advised that we (sign) ________ an agreement right after the discussion.2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气1）某些动词后所接宾语从句中的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气，用来表示建议、命令和要求等。

大学英语B级试卷词汇与语法词汇与语法B1、"Let me ______ you," said my boss, "you should call me immediately after you arrive at the airport."答案：D2、At first I showed great interest in the play, but soon I ________ it.tired oftired fromtired with答案：B3、Each new way of looking at a situation ________ our understanding and makes it easier to discover new possibilities.答案：B4、In the evening we smoked and talked and never _________ going out except for exercise.inofdreamed答案：C5、- I am very _______ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.- Mm, it does have a _______ smell.; pleased; pleased; pleasant; pleasant答案：D6、My uncle _______ until he was 45.'t marrymarriedmarry答案：B7、_______ with you, I have a long way to go.compare答案：A8、He didn't live up to _________ had been expected of him.答案：A9、The explorers sailed on the ocean for two weeks and ________ found the mysterious land.答案：B10、- Smoking is bad for your health.- Yes, I know. But I simply can't ________.it upit init outit away答案：A11、It is said that the best time to visit the city is June or July, ________ the South American winter cools the city.which答案：D12、Samuel Clemens, ________ as Mark Twain, was one of the most famous American writers. knowbe known答案：C13、The Chinese government has taken ________ to prevent the spread of the bird flu.答案：B14、- The public store is to close at 9:00 .- _______ no need to worry; it is just 7:30 .havehaveisis答案：D15、It is possible to tell the time in day light _______ looking into a cat's eyes.答案：C16、We finally _______ an agreement after a lot of hard bargaining.答案：A17、The painter lived more than a decade in Europe, ________ he could be in close contact with other masters(大师).which答案：A18、It is not serious illness, I guess she will _________ soon.答案：B19、Although they are twins, they have nothing in _________.答案：B20、One of his great inventions was _______ valued at the world scientific conference.答案：D21、During the future examinations you should avoid ________ such mistakes.make答案：C22、Only those who have enough courage and determination can _______ the difficulty they meet with.答案：C23、- Are you going to the football game?- No. The tickets are _______ expensive for me.muchtoo答案：C24、Nancy works in a shop and _______.does AlanAlan too doesdoes Alan tooAlan too does答案：A25、The football match had to be _________ owing to the bad weather.答案：A26、They have never heard any _______.customer complaintcustomer's complaints's complaintcustomers' complaints答案：C27、Every means _______ been tried to solve the difficult problem.答案：B28、He opened the letter and it contained ________.important informationimportant informationsimportant informationimportant information答案：D29、There have been many ________ in their marriage but they still love each other. and wrongand downsand left答案：C30、Sunglasses are used to ________ people's eyes from the light of the sun.答案：B31、He has ________ on his farm.head of cattlesheads of cattlesheads of cattlehead of cattle答案：D32、This boy is able to repeat from memory ______ 200 short poems.totilltofar答案：A33、Small arms _______ often carried by the soldiers.答案：A34、We watched the plane _________ behind the clouds.disappearingdisappeared答案：D35、Modern machinery _______ been installed in this newly-built factory.答案：A36、When Laura finally arrived she apologized _______ so late.to comeshe was comingcomingcome答案：C37、- For tonight's homework, do pages 40 and 41 in the workbook.- Professor Hones, I think that is ________ work.muchthe morehard答案：A38、That man looks familiar to me. He reminds _______ Dr. Richards. toforof答案：D39、There _______ a lot of _______ on the roads yesterday.…traffic…traffic s…traffics…traffic答案：A40、I didn't know what to do, but then an idea suddenly ________ to me.答案：C41、Mathematics ________ study or science of numbers.答案：A42、England is an island country. ________ consists of threeprincipal islands, and ________ climate is generally mild.…its…her(i)…its答案：A43、The father advised her to avoid the mistake made by many couples of marrying for the wrong reasons ________ he found the young man charming and intelligent.thoughthoughofto答案：B44、Though we have spent two nights in _______ the problem, we still can't find a solution.inoutupon答案：B45、Could you show me where the _______ shoes are?'s答案：D46、________ I'm mistaken, I've seen that man before.47、I gave Grace a present but she gave me nothing ________.returnturnadvanceshort答案：A48、He has been writing for 3 years, but being a writer is not his ________.答案：B49、The retired man is used to ________ his two dogs early in the morning.答案：B50、With the _______ of Mary, all the girl students are eager to go to the party. （展览会）答案：B51、Sorry, I don't know he is a friend of ________.brotherbrothersbrother's friendbrother's答案：D52、It is because she is very devoted to her patients ________ she is loved by them.53、I have views quite different from my ________.view''s答案：D54、“Can you speak French?” “Yes, but ________.”manylittlemucha few答案：C55、He _______ driving me home, even though I told him Ilived nearby.onatthatin答案：A56、We came finally _________ the conclusion that she has been telling lies all the time.答案：C57、Tom is so talkative. I'm sure you'll soon get tired _______ him.答案：A58、I don’t know _______ to deal with such matter.D./59、- Write to me when you get home.- OK, I _______.答案：C60、- _______ is your girl friend like?- She is very kind and good-looking.答案：B61、We’ve missed the last bus. I’m afraid we have no ________ but to take a taxi.答案：B62、Measles(麻疹) ________ a long time to get over.答案：D63、I am not used to speaking ________ public.答案：A64、There ________ a book and some magazines on the desk.答案：A65、It’s ________ that he was wrong.答案：C66、A pair of spectacles ________ what I need at the moment.答案：A67、The boy is not happy at the new school. He has ________ friends there. fewlittle答案：A68、I won’t make the _______ mistake next time.答案：B69、Don’t forget ________ the window before leaving the room.have closedcloseclosed答案：B70、- Do you want to wait?- Five days ________ too long for me to wait.答案：C71、You had better ________ a doctor as soon as possible.答案：C72、Nancy is considered to be ________ the other students in her class. intelligentmost intelligentas wellintelligent as答案：D73、The top of the Great Wall is ________ for five horses to go side by side.wideenoughwide答案：C74、He _______ lives in the house where he was born.答案：C75、Tom ________ more than twenty pounds on the novel.答案：A76、Twenty people were ________ wounded in the air crash.答案：D77、I didn’t know what to do, but then an idea suddenly ________ to me.答案：C78、I fell and hurt myself while I ________ basketball yesterday. playingplaying答案：A79、She is not only my classmate ________ also my good friend.答案：B80、____ she survived the accident is miracle.答案：B81、The higher the temperature, _____the liquid evaporates.fastermore fastslowermore slower答案：A82、She wonders ____will happen to her private life in the future.答案：D83、Australia is one of the few countries ____ people drive onthe left of the road.which答案：C84、He asked the waiter ________ the bill.答案：C85、Sunday is the day ____people usually don’t go to work.which答案：A86、____ you know, David has been well lately.答案：B。

大学英语语法词汇词组集合大学英语B级统考之语法概要大学英语三级统考之语法部分主要涉及到连接词、动词形式与时态、主谓语一致、虚拟语气等内容，为方便考生对语法知识的复习，现将考试当中重点涉及的内容总结如下：（一）名词A.知识要点名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词有单、复数之分。

1．不可数名词只用单数形式。

如果要表示数量多少，需在其前面加量词来表达。

如：apieceofnews （一条新闻）；twopiecesofadvice（两条建议）2．名词所有格的构成是名词加“’s”，如：Mary’sroom；如原词已有复数词尾-s，则只加“’”，如：thestudents’hall,通常用于有生命的存在物的名词；名词所有格也可以由介词of加名词构成，通常用于无生命的存在物的名词,如：thewindowoftheclassroom.B．例题讲解Whatabeautifulhouse!Especiallytherearemany______.A.furnitureB.furnituresC.piecesoffurnitureD.piecesoffurnitures 解析：此题考查名词的单复数。

Furniture为不可数名词，后面不能加s。

很多家具用manypiecesoffurniture，因此答案为C。

（二）冠词A.知识要点冠词是一种虚词，用在名词前面，说明名词是特指还是泛指。

冠词分不定冠词和定冠词。

1.不定冠词:a/an表示“一”、“某一”概念，用于单数可数名词前。

a用在辅音开头的词前，an 用在元音开头的词前。

如：anEnglishteacher/asecondyear一位老师/又一年；2.定冠词：the表示“特指的一个或一些”。

通常用在形容词最高级及序数词前，或世界上独一无二的事物前；也用于乐器名词前。

如：thebestseason最好的季节/thefirstlady第一夫人/theearth地球/playthepiano弹钢琴；3.不使用冠词的情况：在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐活动的名称之前。

词汇与语法B1、"Let me ______ you," said my boss, "you should call me immediately after you arrive at the airport."答案：D2、At first I showed great interest in the play, but soon I ________ it.tired oftired fromtired with答案：B3、Each new way of looking at a situation ________ our understanding and makes it easier to discover new possibilities.答案：B4、In the evening we smoked and talked and never _________ going out except for exercise.inofdreamed答案：C5、- I am very _______ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.- Mm, it does have a _______ smell.; pleased; pleased; pleasant; pleasant答案：D6、My uncle _______ until he was 45.'t marrymarriedmarry答案：B7、_______ with you, I have a long way to go.compare答案：A8、He didn't live up to _________ had been expected of him.答案：A9、The explorers sailed on the ocean for two weeks and ________ found the mysterious land.答案：B10、- Smoking is bad for your health.- Yes, I know. But I simply can't ________.it upit init outit away答案：A11、It is said that the best time to visit the city is June or July, ________ the South American winter cools the city.which答案：D12、Samuel Clemens, ________ as Mark Twain, was one of the most famous American writers. knowbe known答案：C13、The Chinese government has taken ________ to prevent the spread of the bird flu.答案：B14、- The public store is to close at 9:00 .- _______ no need to worry; it is just 7:30 .havehaveisis答案：D15、It is possible to tell the time in day light _______ looking into a cat's eyes.答案：C16、We finally _______ an agreement after a lot of hard bargaining.答案：A17、The painter lived more than a decade in Europe, ________ he could be in close contact with other masters(大师).which答案：A18、It is not serious illness, I guess she will _________ soon.答案：B19、Although they are twins, they have nothing in _________.答案：B20、One of his great inventions was _______ valued at the world scientific conference.答案：D21、During the future examinations you should avoid ________ such mistakes.make答案：C22、Only those who have enough courage and determination can _______ the difficulty they meet with.答案：C23、- Are you going to the football game?- No. The tickets are _______ expensive for me.muchtoo答案：C24、Nancy works in a shop and _______.does AlanAlan too doesdoes Alan tooAlan too does答案：A25、The football match had to be _________ owing to the bad weather.答案：A26、They have never heard any _______.customer complaintcustomer's complaints's complaintcustomers' complaints答案：C27、Every means _______ been tried to solve the difficult problem.答案：B28、He opened the letter and it contained ________.important informationimportant informationsimportant informationimportant information答案：D29、There have been many ________ in their marriage but they still love each other. and wrongand downsand left答案：C30、Sunglasses are used to ________ people's eyes from the light of the sun.答案：B31、He has ________ on his farm.head of cattlesheads of cattlesheads of cattlehead of cattle答案：D32、This boy is able to repeat from memory ______ 200 short poems.totilltofar答案：A33、Small arms _______ often carried by the soldiers.答案：A34、We watched the plane _________ behind the clouds.disappearingdisappeared答案：D35、Modern machinery _______ been installed in this newly-built factory.答案：A36、When Laura finally arrived she apologized _______ so late.to comeshe was comingcomingcome答案：C37、- For tonight's homework, do pages 40 and 41 in the workbook.- Professor Hones, I think that is ________ work.muchthe morehard答案：A38、That man looks familiar to me. He reminds _______ Dr. Richards. toforof答案：D39、There _______ a lot of _______ on the roads yesterday.…traffic…traffics…traffics…traffic答案：A40、I didn't know what to do, but then an idea suddenly ________ to me.答案：C41、Mathematics ________ study or science of numbers.答案：A42、England is an island country. ________ consists of three principal islands, and ________ climate is generally mild.…its…her (i)…its答案：A43、The father advised her to avoid the mistake made by many couples of marrying for the wrong reasons ________ he found the young man charming and intelligent.thoughthoughofto答案：B44、Though we have spent two nights in _______ the problem, we still can't find a solution.inoutupon答案：B45、Could you show me where the _______ shoes are?'s答案：D46、________ I'm mistaken, I've seen that man before.47、I gave Grace a present but she gave me nothing ________.returnturnadvanceshort答案：A48、He has been writing for 3 years, but being a writer is not his ________.答案：B49、The retired man is used to ________ his two dogs early in the morning.答案：B50、With the _______ of Mary, all the girl students are eager to go to the party. （展览会）答案：B51、Sorry, I don't know he is a friend of ________.brotherbrothersbrother's friendbrother's答案：D52、It is because she is very devoted to her patients ________ she is loved by them.53、I have views quite different from my ________.view''s答案：D54、“Can you speak French?” “Yes, but ________.”manylittlemucha few答案：C55、He _______ driving me home, even though I told him I lived nearby.onatthatin答案：A56、We came finally _________ the conclusion that she has been telling lies all the time.答案：C57、Tom is so talkative. I'm sure you'll soon get tired _______ him.答案：A58、I don’t know _______ to deal with such matter.D./答案：B59、- Write to me when you get home.- OK, I _______.答案：C60、- _______ is your girl friend like?- She is very kind and good-looking.答案：B61、We’ve missed the last bus. I’m afraid we have no ________ but to take a taxi.答案：B62、Measles(麻疹) ________ a long time to get over.答案：D63、I am not used to speaking ________ public.答案：A64、There ________ a book and some magazines on the desk.答案：A65、It’s ________ that he was wrong.答案：C66、A pair of spectacles ________ what I need at the moment.答案：A67、The boy is not happy at the new school. He has ________ friends there. fewlittle答案：A68、I won’t make the _______ mistake next time.答案：B69、Don’t forget ________ the window before leaving the room.have closedcloseclosed答案：B70、- Do you want to wait?- Five days ________ too long for me to wait.答案：C71、You had better ________ a doctor as soon as possible.答案：C72、Nancy is considered to be ________ the other students in her class. intelligentmost intelligentas wellintelligent as答案：D73、The top of the Great Wall is ________ for five horses to go side by side.wideenoughwide答案：C74、He _______ lives in the house where he was born.答案：C75、Tom ________ more than twenty pounds on the novel.答案：A76、Twenty people were ________ wounded in the air crash.答案：D77、I didn’t know what to do, but then an idea suddenly ________ to me.答案：C78、I fell and hurt myself while I ________ basketball yesterday. playingplaying答案：A79、She is not only my classmate ________ also my good friend.答案：B80、____ she survived the accident is miracle.答案：B81、The higher the temperature, _____the liquid evaporates.fastermore fastslowermore slower答案：A82、She wonders ____will happen to her private life in the future.答案：D83、Australia is one of the few countries ____ people drive on the left of the road.which答案：C84、He asked the waiter ________ the bill.答案：C85、Sunday is the day ____people usually don’t go to work.which答案：A86、____ you know, David has been well lately.答案：B。

大学英语 B 级统考之语法概要e.g. He always goes to school by bike. 他总是骑车去上学。

2．一般过去时态finish, avoid, enjoy, mind, insist on等：e.g. He has finished doing his work. 他已经干完了他的工作。

not 来组成。

如果非谓语动词表示的动作发在主要谓“（should）+动词原形would （或might ）e.g. Hard as she studied, she failed in thisexamination.⋯(when ⋯), scarcely ⋯(when ⋯), no soonThe fact that Ann was late didn不重要。

（主语从句）it 作形式主语或形式宾语。

who 指人作主语whom作宾语（可省）作主语/宾语（作宾语时可省）作定语①先行词为all, anything, something 等不定代词时,只能用first, last, next, only 等修饰词时,只能用that。

e.g. He was one of the greatest scientists that everlived.（1）When she woke up, she found everybody had gone.她醒来时,她发现大家都走了。

（时间状语从句）（2）Don’t try to get on the train until / till it stops.等火车停下来再上车。

（时间状语从句）。

大学英语B级统考之语法概要大学英语B级统考之语法部分主要涉及到连接词、动词形式与时态、主谓语一致、虚拟语气等内容，为方便考生对语法知识的复习，现将考试当中重点涉及的内容总结如下：（一）名词A. 知识要点名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词有单、复数之分。

1．不可数名词只用单数形式。

如果要表示数量多少，需在其前面加量词来表达。

如：a piece of news（一条新闻）；two pieces of advice（两条建议）2．名词所有格的构成是名词加“’s”，如：Mary’s room；如原词已有复数词尾-s，则只加“’”，如：the students’ hall, 通常用于有生命的存在物的名词；名词所有格也可以由介词of加名词构成，通常用于无生命的存在物的名词, 如：the window of the classroom.B．例题讲解What a beautiful house! Especially there are many ______.A. furnitureB. furnituresC. pieces of furnitureD. pieces of furnitures 解析：此题考查名词的单复数。

Furniture 为不可数名词，后面不能加s。

很多家具用many pieces of furniture，因此答案为C。

（二）冠词A. 知识要点冠词是一种虚词，用在名词前面，说明名词是特指还是泛指。

冠词分不定冠词和定冠词。

1. 不定冠词: a / an表示“一”、“某一”概念，用于单数可数名词前。

a用在辅音开头的词前，an用在元音开头的词前。

如：an English teacher/ a second year一位老师/又一年；2. 定冠词：the表示“特指的一个或一些”。

通常用在形容词最高级及序数词前，或世界上独一无二的事物前；也用于乐器名词前。

如：the best season最好的季节/the first lady第一夫人/the earth 地球/play the piano 弹钢琴；3. 不使用冠词的情况：在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐活动的名称之前。

B级英语语法总结一、简单句结构1. 主语+谓语：例如，I read.2. 主语+系动词+表语：例如，She is beautiful.3. 主语+谓语+宾语：例如，He eats an apple.4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语：例如，She gave me a book.5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补：例如，The teacher made us happy.6. 主语+谓语+多个宾语：例如，He bought a book, a pen, and a notebook.二、时态1.一般现在时：用于表示经常性的动作或事实。

2.一般过去时：用于表示过去的事情或状态。

3.一般将来时：用于表示将来的动作或计划。

4.现在进行时：用于表示现在正在进行的动作。

5.过去进行时：用于表示过去一些时间段内正在进行的动作。

6.现在完成时：用于表示过去一些时间点开始并持续到现在的动作。

7.过去完成时：用于表示过去一些时间点之前已经发生的动作。

8.将来完成时：用于表示将来一些时间点之前已经完成的动作。

9.将来进行时：用于表示将来一些时间段内正在进行的动作。

三、语态1.主动语态：表示主语主动进行的动作或状态。

2.被动语态：表示主语被动地接受动作或处于其中一种状态。

四、名词1.可数名词：表示可以计数的名词，有单数和复数形式。

2.不可数名词：表示不能计数的名词，只有单数形式。

3.特殊名词：表示一种事物的名称，如国家、地区、语言、民族、学科、职业等。

五、冠词1.定冠词：用于特指一个已知的名词。

2.不定冠词：用于泛指或表示一个未知的名词。

3.零冠词：用于表示一般概念或抽象名词。

六、代词1.人称代词：用于代替人或事物。

2.物主代词：表示所有关系或归属关系的代词。

3.反身代词：表示动作的主体和宾语是同一人或同一物。

4.指示代词：用于指示一些人或事物。

5.不定代词：用于指代泛指的人或事物。

6.疑问代词：用于提问人或事物的身份、性质等。

常考语法点:一.虚拟语气1.条件状语从句中:If+主语+had done,主句+would /should/ could/ might+have done(过去)If+主语+did,主句+would /should/ could might +do(现在)If+主语+did/were to do /should do,主句+would /should/ could might +do(将来)如果省略if 句子倒装.(Were it not for/Had it not been for 已经成为常用句型)Were it not for your help, we would be in serious difficulty.Had the weather been good, the children could have gone out for a walk.含蓄条件句:With /without /but forEg: With your assistance, I would succeed.Without music, the world would be a dull place.But for the storm , we should have arrived earlier.2.用于表示"建议","要求","命令","请求","忠告"等动词后宾语从句中,用should +do"要求":ask, desire, request, demand, require"建议,劝告,提议":suggest ,advise, recommend, propose,"决定命令"decide, order,"坚持":insist相应名词引导的表语或同位语从句中,虚拟语气用should +do例; suggestion, proposal,advice, decision, desire, demand, order, recommendation, idea, motion, plan.Eg:I make a proposal that we should hold the meeting next week.The suggestion that Mayor present the prizes was accepted by everyone.My idea is that we challenge the other groups to a friendly competition.3.It is +adj/v-ed +that从句＋(should )+doadj:important /necessary /strange /essential/vital/impossible/advisable/natural/v-ed:suggested/requested/ordered/proposed/4.lest/for tear that / in case引导的目的状语从句中＋(should) doEg:He took his raincoat with him lest it should rain.He put his coat over the child for fear that he should catch the cold.I'll keep a seat for you in case you change your mind.5.1).wish 宾语从句中＋did(如果指现在或将来的愿望，动词用过去式）／had done(对过去的愿望）Eg;I wish I knew her address.I wish I hadn't made such a mistake.2.)as if /though+did/had done(表示与现在事实相反或对现在的情况有所怀疑，动词用过去式；如果表示的是想象中的过去的动作，用过去完成时)Eg:She talks as if she were an expert.Y ou looked as if you had seen a ghost.3.)would rather 后的从句中＋did(常用过去式虚拟）4.)If only+did /had done(要是．．．．就好了）only if (只有，仅仅，常用倒装) Eg:If only I were you .Only if the students get the permission can they enter the classroom.6.It is high time+that +didEg:It is time we went to bed.It is time we took measures to protect environment.二．非谓语动词：顾名思义，非谓语动词就是不能作谓语的动词。

⼤学英语B级词汇、语法重点及练习（专项训练）⼀．名词1．常见的不可数名词advice luggage bread damage food equipment furniture hair homework housework information knowledge progress population2．可数名词的特殊形式1）“s”结尾，单复同形means series species works2）形式上是单数，但⽤作复数police mankind people cattle audience3）合成名词的单复数变化，通常在主⼲词上加“s”brother-in-law （单数）brothers-in-law （复数）passer-by （单数）passers-by （复数）story-teller （单数）story-tellers （复数）⼆．形容词1．形容词可以跟在以下半系动词的后⾯做表语appear turn feel become stay look come prove grow go get keep2．容易混淆的形容词alone lonely alive living liveclean clear considerate considerable continual continuous dead deadlyeconomical economic efficient effective healthful healthy intense intensive imaginary imaginable imaginativesensitive sensible successful successive valuable invaluable pricelessvalueless worthless historical historic respectable respectful respectivelike likely alike三．副词1．有些形式相异的副词，意义差别也⽐较⼤，如：high highly just justly hard hardly free freely late lately most mostly near nearly2．些形容词也以-ly结尾，应避免误⽤为副词，如：lively lovely lonely friendly ugly costlysilly3．形容词和副词只差⼀个词尾，但意义⼤相径庭hard hardly like likely bare barelybad badly scarce scarcely四．介词1．介词和名词的搭配1）名词+ aboutconcern about remark about complaint aboutopinion about doubt abouthope for need for sorry for reason fortalent for3）名词+ fromabsence from difference from protection from 4）名词+ inconfident in delight in difficulty in experience in faith in pride in success in trust in5）名词+ ofaccount of capability of care of description of feeling of habit of impression of intention of number of pleasure of possibility of shortage of 6）名词+ on （upon ）authority on dependence on effect on remark on emphasis on influence on impression on stress on7）名词+ overadvantage over control over quarrel over victory over worry over8）名词+ toanswer to access to attention to approach to contrast to exception to gratitude to invitation to limit to objection to reference to solution to9）名词+ withagreement with contact with common with connection with conversation with trouble with 2．介词+ 名词的固定搭配at ease at first at last at crossroads at leastat large at once at a loss at present at willby accident by chance by turns for certainin general in a sense in theory in practicein the way in the past in the future in advance in return in turn in that event in some respects in a hurry in addition in fact in place in sighton average on duty on vacation3．介词和形容词的搭配1）形容词+ aboutanxious about careful about curious about concerned about careless about certain about particular about doubtful about2）形容词+ atangry at annoyed at good at quick at pleased at 3）形容词+ foranxious for convenient for eager for famous for hungry for known for late for necessary for possible for ready for responsible for suitable for 4）形容词+ fromabsent from different from distant from free from far from protected from5）形容词+ ofafraid of aware of ashamed of capable of considerate of conscious of composed of deprived of full of fond of independent of proud of regardless of sick of short of tired of thoughtful of6）形容词+ toaccustomed to contrary to convenient to devoted to essential to familiar to favorable to opposed to peculiar to relevant to be used to beneficial to7）形容词+ inabsorbed in confident in disappointed in experienced in interested in lacking in lost in rich in successful in8）形容词+ withassociated with annoyed with angry withbusy with friendly with nervous with patient in⼀．单词1. She has been busy after she became the manager. Her working day often __ well into the night.A. expandsB. expendsC. extendsD. extents2. This __ him to the first rank among the writers of fiction.A. raisedB. liftedC. roseD. made3. It is arranged that the opening ceremony will __ at 10:00 Wednesday morning next week.A. happenedB. occurC. appearD. take place4. The sight __ to me the days of my childhood in the countryside.A. remindedB. recalledC. rememberedD. recommended5. Good transportation is essential to the __ growth of the country.A. economyB. economicalC. economicsD. economic6. The judge’s order to arrest me was no longer __.A. creativeD. competent7. Burglars broke is into the __ flat while the Whites were on holiday.A. vacantB. blankC. bareD. empty8. She is engaged in __ research.A. historicalB. historicC. historyD. histrionic9. She had never felt so __ and helpless in her life.A. alongB. lonelyC. aloneD. aloud10. As far as hobbies are concerned, Tom and his brother have little in __ .A. commonB. averageC. popularD. normal11. The restoration of China’s lawful rights in the United Nations was a great __ in history.A. caseB. incidentC. accidentD. event12. Mr. Smith will leave for New Y ork in__November.A. lateB. latelyC. later__ .A. senseB. senselessC. sensitiveD. sensible14. It’s almost __ that our team will win.A. certainB. sureC. exactD. accurate15. Some people in the back row were __ al the time during the lecture.A. speakingB. talkingC. sayingD. replying16. The school is going to __ the sports meeting to next week.A. postponeB. delayC. replaceD. exchange17. People can’t bear this __ hot weather.A. continualB. continuousC. variousD. variety18. Educational TV stations offer teaching in various __ ranging from home nursing to art appreciation.A. directionsB. pointsC. occurredD. subjects19. I didn’t know what to do but when an idea suddenly __ .A. happenedB. entered20. Waiter in restaurants __ all kinds of food and drink to customers.A. entertainB. serveC. provideD. offer⼆．固定搭配1. The failure in examination __ his inadequate preparation.A. resulted inB. resulted fromC. led toD. let in2. The party __ us to turn grief into strength.A. called offB. called atC. called onD. called to3. He __ a number of journals for his information.A. went throughB. saw throughC. looked throughD. notice through4. We have run __ typing paper.A. intoB. overC. onD. out of5. Scientists will have to __ new methods of increasing the world’s food supply.A. come up toB. come up withC. come up forD. come put of6. you can __ our family whenever you are in need of assistance.A. associate withD. relate to7. The “lost money” __ to be in the safe all the time.A. turned intoB. turned outC. turned overD. turned down8. “Psychology” is __ the study of human behavior by scientific methods.A. defined asB. taken asC. regarded asD. believed as9. John found it extremely difficult to __ his had habitsA. do withoutB. dispose ofC. clear upD. do away with10. They could hardly believe that the trouble should __ the new engine of the car.A. lie inB. turn toC. come toD. bring down11. We didn’t tell her the sad news for fear that she might not __ the heavy blow.A. come up withB. make up forC. put up withD. stand up for12. The chairman put __ his plan, expecting that everyone would approve it.A. towardB. up13. Y ou must take into __ the boy’s long illness.A. accountB. conditionC. chanceD. calculation14. I don’t like to disturb you, because you’re quite tired __ working hard today.A. onB. fromC. outD. of15. Unlike most Chinese, many Americans __ bread and eggs for breakfast every morning.A. used to eatB. are used to eatC. are used to eatingD. used to eating16. Y ou should learn to take __ of every opportunity to improve oral English.A. chanceB. useC. actionD. advantage17. I took someone’s umbrella by __ .A. heartB. mistakeC. natureD. the way18. Some men broke __ the central bank near the post office last Sunday.A. intoB. upC. offnot notice me enter the room.A. onB. inC. ofD. at20. He tried to make __ all the trouble he had caused.A. outB. upC. forD. up for三．语法1. In the last ten years, great changes __ in my hometown.A. have been taken placeB. took placeC. was taken placeD. have taken place2. He discovered that his luggage __ stolen.A. had beenB. has beenC. wasD. would be3. I __ everything by the time you get back next time.A. shall finishB. will be finishingC. have finished C. shall have finished4. I have no doubt __ he will overcome all his difficulties.A. whetherB. whichC. thatD. if5. The science __ deals with the law of nature is calledB. whoC. by whichD. whom6. The city __ my father grew up is not far from here.A. whatB. whereC. whereverD. which7. __ you lice next door to Mr. Roberts, you ought to be able to recognize him.A. AlthoughB. SinceC. WhereD. Unlike8. Anyone can borrow books from this library __ he keeps them clean.A. even ifB. unlessC. as long asD. so that9. All matter is made of atoms, which are too small __ even through the most powerful microscope.A. to be seemB. to see themC. to have seenD. to be seeing10. Every day they spend a lot of time __ their assignments.A. to doB. on doingC. by doingD. doing11. __ five successful novels, she published a collection of short stories.A. Having been written C. WritingB. Having Written D. To write12. What do you think of the performances __ by the girls of Grade III?A. givingB. gaveC. having givenD. given13. It is necessary that the project __ before next Monday.A. be completedB. is completedC. is to be completedD. will be completed14. I lift very early last night, but I wish I __ so early.A. haven’t leftB. didn’t leaveC. hadn’t leftD. couldn’t leave15. I was ill that day. Otherwise I __ the meeting.A. would have attendedB. would attendC. attendedD. should had attended五．以单词正确的形式填空1. Y ou’d better _____ (copy) the whole article at once.2. The manager promised ____ (get) me a position in his company.3. Remember ____ ( lock) the door when you leave.4. The main benefit of ____ (work) with the company is the opportunity to travel abroad.5. I don’t mind ____ (have) a dog in the house so long as it’s clean and it doesn’t smell.6. Did you have any difficulty _____ (get) a visa to Britain?7. The children from the U.S. got used to ____ (eat)Chinese food quite soon.8. They stopped ____ (search) for the missing plane as the weather was very rough.9. If you intend ____ (visit) the National Garden, please contact me soon.10. I wondered why the boy often avoided ____ (talk) with his classmates.11. To my ____ (surprising), he passed the test.12. In recent years, Japan has to become less ____ (depend) on importing fish from other countries.13. He told me that it was not his fault, he was not_____ (response)for the accident.14. The weather here is ____ (change). Y ou’d better bring a rain coat with you in case it rains.15. Although I do not share his religious ____ (believe), I respect him.16. When I apply for jobs, I find I am always at a ____ (advantage) because I can’t drive.。

大学英语B级统考之语法概要大学英语B级统考之语法部分主要涉及到连接词、动词形式与时态、主谓语一致、虚拟语气等内容，为方便考生对语法知识的复习，现将考试当中重点涉及的内容总结如下：（一）名词A. 知识要点名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词有单、复数之分。

1．不可数名词只用单数形式。

如果要表示数量多少，需在其前面加量词来表达。

如：a piece of news（一条新闻）；two pieces of advice（两条建议）2．名词所有格的构成是名词加“’s”，如：Mary’s room；如原词已有复数词尾-s，则只加“’”，如：the students’hall, 通常用于有生命的存在物的名词；名词所有格也可以由介词of加名词构成，通常用于无生命的存在物的名词, 如：the window of the classroom.B．例题讲解What a beautiful house! Especially there are many ______.A. furnitureB. furnituresC. pieces of furnitureD. pieces of furnitures解析：此题考查名词的单复数。

Furniture 为不可数名词，后面不能加s。

很多家具用many pieces of furniture，因此答案为C。

（二）冠词A. 知识要点冠词是一种虚词，用在名词前面，说明名词是特指还是泛指。

冠词分不定冠词和定冠词。

1. 不定冠词: a / an表示“一”、“某一”概念，用于单数可数名词前。

a用在辅音开头的词前，an用在元音开头的词前。

如：an English teacher/ a second year一位老师/又一年；2. 定冠词：the表示“特指的一个或一些”。

通常用在形容词最高级及序数词前，或世界上独一无二的事物前；也用于乐器名词前。

如：the best season最好的季节/the first lady第一夫人/the earth 地球/play the piano 弹钢琴；3. 不使用冠词的情况：在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐活动的名称之前。

B级考试常考语法总结从历年考试试题分析来看，PRETCO语法(Structure)考查重点主要是：动词时态和语态、非谓语动词(动词不定式、分词和动名词)、情态动词、状语从句、定语从句、倒装句、强调句、反意问句、虚拟语气、代词、形容词和副词等。

考生要对上述语法项目从概念到应用上下功夫。

现就各项目的考核重点分别简单叙述如下(其中有些例句选自历年考试试题)：一、动词的时态和语态考核重点：●过去完成时。

注意：过去完成时常常和before，after，until，when等引导的时间状语从句连用，其谓语动词的动作一般表示过去。

常用句型如下：by the time(the end)of+表示过去时间的短语或句子；hardly (scarcely)+过去完成时+when+过去时；no sooner+过去完成时+than+过去时；●现在完成时和现在完成进行时。

常用时间状语有：this day(week，month，year)，so far，for some time，up to now，up to the present，all this year(month，week)等；●将来完成时。

常与before，until，when，after等连词引导的时间状语从句连用，其谓语动词的动作一般表示将来。

常用句型如下：by the time(the end)0f+表示将来时间的短语或句子。

例句：1.He said:“I______ a lot of new words by the end of last year．”(2002．12 B级)A) had already learnt B)would have already learntC) have already learnt D)already learnt答案：A 。

句中时间状语by the end of last year表明谓语动词要用过去完成时态。

2. The project to clear up the polluted river ______ by the end of next year．(2002．6 B级)A) is being completed B)will have been completedC) has been completed D)will have completed答案：B 。

大学英语 B 级等级考试词汇用法和语法结构解题技巧根据高等学校英语应用能力 B 级考试大纲，词汇用法和语法结构为英语 B 级考试的第二部分，考试时间 15 分钟，题型为 SectionA的选择题和 SectionB的填空题。

选择题 10 题占据 5 分，填空题 10 题占据 10 分。

从历年来的学生反馈，选择题所涉及的语法结构及词汇用法一般得分在 2-3 分，而词性转换部分平均得分 4-5 分。

该部分所涉及的语言点较广及词的变化形式较灵活，学生的基础知识若不够扎实将失分严重。

以下将以历年的真题为例，分别对选择题和填空题的解题技巧进行分析与总结。

一、针对选择题的题型分析在历年的真题考试中，第二部分的选择题有着比较固定的出题方向。

1单词、词组的辨析关于对单词及词组的辨析的考核一般在选择题的题数中占据3到4题。

其中有动词辨析，名词辨析，形容词辨析以及代词的辨析。

该部分要求教师在平时的授课过程中严格要求学生掌握 B 级词汇的基本用法及意思并进行积累。

单词是学习语言的根本。

学生在平时的词汇积累过程中要学会反复自我测试，善于把简单的单词按照老师课堂所举的例子反复不断地运用到平时生活中，或者用自己的方法总结规律，只有这样才能牢记并掌握单词。

单从 2012 年 6 月的真题分析，其单词词组辨析就考了 4 题。

所以词汇的积累不容小觑。

例 1：I'mpleasedtotellyouthatthefaxmachinesyouor-dered are_______now. （2012-6）A.availableB.convenientC.wonderfulD.important 正确答案： A解析：本题为单词辨析，考查的是形容词的意思。

Avail-able 意思是“可用的，可得到的”；convenient 意思是“方便的”；wonderful 意思“精彩的”；important 意思是“重要的”。

根据题意“我很高兴告诉你，你订购的传真机到了”。

大学英语B级统考之语法概要动词的基本时态A. 知识要点1．一般现在时态动词形式为do 或does （第三人称单数）。

通常表示客观事实或真理；或表示经常发生的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。

e.g. He always goes to school by bike.他总是骑车去上学。

2．一般过去时态动词形式为did. 表示过去时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与过去特定的时间状语连用；或表示过去某一段时间一直持续或反复发生的动作，可与表示频度的时间副词连用。

e.g. I bought this computer five years ago.我在五年前买了这台电脑。

3．一般将来时态动词形式为will do/ shall do /be going to do. 表达在未来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

e.g. The telephone is ringing. I will answer it.电话在响，我去接。

4．现在进行时态动词形式为is/am/are+ doing，表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。

e.g. The police are looking for the two missing children.警察们正在寻找两个丢失的孩子。

5．过去进行时态动词形式为was/were + doing，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。

（主语是I，she，he时用was）e.g. Jane burnt her hand when she was cooking the dinner.当简在煮晚饭时她的手被烧伤了。

6．现在完成时态动词形式为have / has done，常与already，recently，never，ever, yet，since连用。

用来表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作。

e.g. The milk has already become undrinkable 牛奶已经不能喝了。