英语句子五大基本结构

英语句子五种基本结构1.S(主）+ Vi（不及物动词）（谓）(A stay/stays/did...)Time flies.You should study hard.In 1847, Chinese student Rong Hong and others came to the United States as the first group of Chinese students to study here.( 1847年，中国最早的一批留美学生容闳等人赴美求学。

)1) S + V + adverbial(状语）Birds sing beautifully.2) S + Vi+ prep Phrase（介词短语）He went on holiday.3) S + Vi+ Infinitive (不定式）We stopped to have a rest.4) S + Vi+ Participle (分词）I'll go swimming.2. S (主）+ Vt （及物动词）（谓）+ O（宾）A does B.We like English.These traditions have exerted a profound impact on the values and way of life of the Chinese people, and on China’s road of development today. （这些传统，对今天中国人的价值观念、生活方式和中国的发展道路，具有深刻的影响。

）1) S + VT + N/PronI like music.I like her.2) S + VT + infinitive(不定式）I want to help him.常用于这句型的动词有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。

英语五种基本句型结构英语中的五种基本句型结构一、句型1：Subject (主语) ＋Verb (谓语)这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，所谓不及物动词，就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。

常见的动词如：work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。

如：1) Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。

2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。

3）Spring is coming.4) We have lived in the city for ten years.二、句型2：Subject (主语) ＋Link. V(系动词) ＋Predicate(表语)这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。

其系动词一般可分为下列两类：(1)表示状态。

这样的词有：be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。

如：1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。

2) He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。

(2)表示变化。

这类系动词有：become, turn, get, grow, go等。

如：1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。

2) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。

三、句型3：Subject(主语) ＋Verb (谓语) ＋Object (宾语)这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词, 所谓及物动词，就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语，其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。

英语五种基本句型结构英语语中的五种基本句型结构一、句型1：Subject （主语）＋Verb (谓语)这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，所谓不及物动词，就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。

常见的动词如：work, sing, swim，fish，jump, arrive，come, die，disappear, cry，happen等。

如：1）Li Ming works very hard。

李明学习很努力。

2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。

3）Spring is coming。

4）We have lived in the city for ten years.二、句型2：Subject （主语）＋Link。

V(系动词）＋Predicate（表语）这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。

其系动词一般可分为下列两类:(1)表示状态。

这样的词有：be, look, seem，smell，taste, sound, keep等。

如：1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。

2) He looked worried just now。

刚才他看上去有些焦急。

（2)表示变化。

这类系动词有：become, turn，get，grow，go等。

如:1）Spring comes。

It is getting warmer and warmer。

春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。

2) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。

三、句型3：Subject(主语）＋Verb (谓语) ＋Object (宾语）这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词，所谓及物动词，就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语，其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。

英语句子(de)五种基本结构一、主谓结构The red sun rises in the east. This kind of paper tears easily.A tiger had got out.该句式中(de)谓语动词为不及物动词（vi.=intransitive verb）,所以不能接宾语或补语,也没有被动语态,但可以接修饰成分,修饰主语(de)(de)---定语,修饰谓语(de)---状语.主谓结构常用来表示主语(de)动作或状态.练习一画出下列句子(de)成分.1. In the last ten years great changes have taken place in my hometown.2. The girls came, dancing and laughing.3. At the meeting lots of problems concerning fund came up.4. In front of the house grows a tall tress with thick leaves and branches.5. It never occurred to me that he would come to help me.练习二翻译句子.1. 我(de)英语水平提高了很多.2. 昨晚,那座桥上发生了一起交通事故.3. 一些孩子正在操场上高兴(de)玩耍.4. 会议将在什么时候举行5. 有多少国家要参加奥运会二、主谓宾结构They laughed at the blind man. = The blind man was laughed at by them.They carried out the plan successfully. = The plan was carried out successfully by them.The nurse will take good care of your father. = Your father will be taken good care of by the nurse.练习一画出下列句子(de)成分.1. She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage.2. I wondered whether to accept or refuse the offer.3. I suggest that you listen to English programs as often as possible.4. I appreciate your coming to our party.5. Now the government pays more attention to the problem of education.练习二翻译句子.1. 我喜欢做网页.2. 他们还未被告知什么时候出发.3. 我盼望收到你(de)来信.4. 我疑惑他为什么要放弃那样(de)一个好机会.5. 我没有看到他(de)工作情况,无法评论他(de)能力.三、主谓宾宾结构They offer us free textbooks. We were offered free textbooks. Free textbooks were offered to us.练习一分析句子(de)成分,并用to/for 进行句型转换.1. I passed him the salt.2. She cooked us a delicious meal.3. The new machine will save a lot of labour.4. She sang a folk song.5. Her wonderful performance won her a good reputation.练习二用主谓宾宾结翻译句子.1. 我替你叫辆出租车好吗2. 那个老人正在给孩子们讲故事.3. 只要你不失去信心,我会给你提供机会(de).4. 他把车票给列车员看.5. 他(de)诚实为他赢得了人们(de)尊敬.四、主谓宾宾补He painted the wall white. = The wall was painted white.He watched the piano carried upstairs. = The piano was watched carried upstairs.They robbed the bank of millions of dollars. = The bank was robbed of millions of dollars.I consider it necessary that we spend more time practising spoken English. = It is considered necessary that we spend more time practising spoken English.练习一将下列句子变为被动语态.1. The government has warned the villagers of the flood.2. The boss made him work day and night.3. Many people consider it possible for us to master two foreign languages.4. I saw her chatting with Nancy.练习二翻译句子.1. 我们必须保持我们(de)学校清洁.2. 我认为有必要提高我们(de)社交能力.3. 我们觉得他是个诚实(de)人.4. 据说他正在国外学习.5. 我们应该禁止人们在公共场合吸烟.五、主系表表语是用来说明主语(de)身份、性质、品性、特征和状态(de),表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词(de)-ing、从句来充当.练习一画出句子(de)成分.1. The problem is what to do with the waste water.2. How can the water in the sea stay clean3. What I’d like to see is an end to all the wars.4. It sounds as if a train is running under the house.5. Her job is looking after the children.练习二翻译句子.1. 苹果派吃起来真好吃.2.我们在任何时候都应该保持谦虚谨慎.3.这次活动(de)目(de)就是增强人们(de)环保意识.4. 解决这个问题(de)关键是如何筹到足够(de)资金.。

英语中的五种基本句型结构一、句型1：Subject (主语) ＋Verb (谓语)这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词或者是不及物动词短语，所谓不及物动词，就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。

常见的动词如：work, swim, arrive, come, die, disappear, happen，exist等。

如：1). Li Ming works very hard in his class. 李明学习很努力。

2) .The accident happened/took place/came about yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。

3).Something strange exists in our society. 我们社会存在一些奇怪的事情。

4) .We have lived in the city for ten years.我们在这个城市生活了十年。

5). He came late because of the rain. 由于下雨他来晚了。

二、句型2：Subject (主语) ＋Link. V(系动词) ＋Predicate(表语)这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。

其系动词一般可分为下列几类：1. Be动词（am/ is/are/was/were)1). He is free today. 他今天有空。

2).It is surprising to hear the news. 听到这个消息令人很吃惊。

3).The problem is how to finish the work ahead of time. 问题是怎样提前完成这项工作。

4).To work hard/Working hard is very important. 努力工作是重要的。

2.感官系动词look, seem, smell, taste, sound, feel等。

如：1) .This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。

英语简单句的五种基本结构英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。

掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。

英语五种基本句型列式如下：一：Ｓ+ Ｖ（主＋谓）二：Ｓ+ Ｖ+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）三：Ｓ+ Ｖ+ O （主＋谓＋宾）四：Ｓ+Ｖ+ ｏ+ Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）五：Ｓ+ Ｖ+ Ｏ+ Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）基本句型一：Ｓ+ Ｖ（主＋谓）主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），动词不定式，动名词等。

主语一般在句首。

注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。

不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come.此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。

这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

Ｓ│ Ｖ（不及物动词）1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。

2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。

3. The universe│ remains. 宇宙长存。

4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。

5. Who │cares? 管它呢？6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。

7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。

8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。

基本句型二：Ｓ+ Ｖ+ Ｐ（主＋系＋表）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。

这类动词叫做连系动词。

系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。

英语句子结构有五种主谓;主谓宾;主系表;主谓宾宾和主谓宾宾补主谓：I study.主谓宾:I like banana.主系表:I am a student.主谓双宾:I give a pencil to him.主谓复合宾语:I make him happy.1. 主语+谓语不及物动词 S + V如：The children are playing happily.孩子们正在高兴地玩..2. 主语+谓语及物动词+宾语 S+V+O如：The Greens enjoy living in China.格林一家喜欢住在中国..3. 主语+谓语+表语 S+V+P该句型谓语动词为连系动词..常见的系动词有：be是； get变得; become成为; turn变得; look 看起来; feel感到; smell闻起来; taste尝起来; sound听起来; seem似乎等..如：① He became a famous doctor.他成为了一名着名的医生..② The apple pie tastes really delicious.苹果派吃起来真是好吃..4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 S+V+InO+DO这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语;既指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语..也可以把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后;但要加介词for或to..如：① My aunt bought me a computer. = My aunt bought a computer for me. 我阿姨买给我一台电脑..② I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt to him.我把盐递给他..5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 S+V+O+OC如：We must keep our school clean.我们必须保持我们的学校清洁..1. Subject 主语＋ Verb 谓语这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词;这些动词常见的有：appear; apologize;arrive; come; die; disappear; exist; fall; happen; rise;等等..如：The students work very hard.学生们学习很努力..She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉..The accident happened yesterday evening.事故是昨天晚上发生的..2. Subject 主语＋ Link. V系动词＋ Predicate表语这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类：1表示状态的连系动词..这些词有：be; look; seem; appear; smell; taste; sound; keep; remain; 等等..如：Several players lay flat on the playground.几个队员平躺在操场上..We should remain modest and prudent any time.我们在任何时候都应该保持谦虚谨慎..This kind of food tastes terrible.这种食物吃起来很糟糕..The picture looks more beautiful at a certain distance.这幅画在一定的距离看更漂亮一些.. 2表示转变或结果的系动词..这些词有：become; get; grow; turn; go; come; prove;等等..如：Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了;天气变得越来越暖和..Don't have the food. It has gone bad.不要吃那种食物;已经变质了..The facts prove true.事实证明是正确的..3. Subject主语＋ Verb 谓语＋ Object 宾语这种句型中的动词应为及物动词或者可以后接宾语的动词短语..同时;句子中有时含有与宾语有关的状语..作宾语的成分常是：名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句..如：You can put the books in your bag.你可以把书放在书包里..Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.我们这里的农民种很多种蔬菜..She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage.她失去了在舞台上露面的机会..I prefer to make web pages.我更喜欢做网页..4. Subject主语＋Verb谓语＋ Indirect object间接宾语＋Direct object 直接宾语这种句型中作间接宾语的常常指“人”;直接宾语常常指“物”..如：Yesterday her father bought her a bicycle as a birthday present.昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物..The old man is telling the children stories in the Long March.老人正在给孩子们讲长征中的故事..这种句型还可转换为其他两种句型：1动词＋宾语＋ for sb.； 2动词＋宾语＋to sb...如：Please show me your picture. /Please show your picture to me.请把你的画给我看一下..I'll offer you a good chance as long as you don’t lose heart.—I'll offer a good chance for you as long as you don't lose heart.只要你不失去信心;我会给你提供机会的..5. Subject主语＋Verb 动词＋Object 宾语＋Complement补语这种句型中的宾语＋补语可统称为“复合宾语”..担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等..如：Keep the children quiet; please. 请让孩子们安静下来..He painted the wall white. 他把墙漆成白色..We found him an honest person.我们发现他是一个诚实的人..His mother told him not to play on the street.他母亲告诉他不要在街上玩..注意：动词have; make; let; see; hear; notice; feel; observe; watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时;不带to..如：The boss made him do the work all day.老板让他整天做那项工作..1．主语+ 不及物动词例：It is raining heavily. /My tooth aches.2．主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语例：They enjoy the play. /I met John in the street yesterday.3．主语 + 系动词 + 表语例：He is out. /Jenny is fine. /It looks like rain; soon.4 主语 + 及物动词 + 双宾语例：He bought her a watch. /The sun gives us light.注意：双宾语一个指人即间接宾语;另一个指物即直接宾语..一般间接宾语位于直接宾语的前面;有时它们也可交换位置;这是需要在间接宾语的前面加上介词to 或for ..常见的双宾语结构：bring sb. sth bring sth to sb. give sb. sth give sth to sb.hand sb. sth hand sth to sb. leave sb. sth leave sth.to sblend sb. sth lend sth to sb pass sb sth pass sth to sbreturn sb. sth return sth to sb send sb sth send sth to sbshow sb sth show sth. to sb. tell sb sth tell sth to sbwrite sb sth write sth to sb buy sb sth buy sth for sbdo sb sth do sth for sb get sb sth get sth for sbmake sb. sth make sth for sb pay sb. sth pay sth for sbsing sb sth sing sth for sb5．主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 补足语例：She found him a very clever student. / I make it a rule to get up early in the morning. S＋V＋PThe bike is new. /The map is on the wall.第二种主语＋不及物动词 S＋VHe swims.第三种主语＋及物动词＋宾语 S＋V＋OChildren often sing this song.第四种主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 S＋V＋IO＋DO She showed her friends all her pictures.第五种主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语 S＋V＋O＋C。

英语5种基本句型根据英语句子中谓语动词的结构形式变化，这种结构形式的多样性决定了不同谓语动词的特性，由此，我们可以将英语句子划分为五种基本类型，即五种基本句型。

一. Subject (主语) ＋Verb (谓语)此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。

这种句型中的动词基本上都是不及物动词，这些动词常见的有：appear, apologize,arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,等等,但可以在其后添加修饰成分，如副词，介词短语，甚至状语从句作状语。

如：Time flies.（主语+谓语）The moon rose.月亮升起来了。

（主语+谓语）Birds sing beautifully.(副词)They stayed in a hotel. （介词短语）She apologized to me. 她再次向我道歉。

I had left when they came.(时间状语从句)二.Subject (主语) ＋Link. V(系动词) ＋Predicate(表语)此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语,才能表达完整的意思。

系动词主要包括：A）be动词。

如am,is are,was,were.如：He is clever.She is a beautiful girl.B)除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，1)表感官的动词。

如：feel, smell, taste, sound, look等。

如：This kind of cloth feels soft.That flower smells good.The food tastes delicious.That piece of music sounds beautiful.He looks ill today.2)表变化和结果的动词。

英语中的五种基本句型(jù xínɡ)结构：句子是由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等组成的。

英语句子有长有短，有简有繁，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但其实只有五种基本句型。

所有英语句子都可以看成是这五种基本句型的扩大、组合、省略或倒装。

因此掌握这五大句型，是掌握其他各种英语句子结构(jiégòu)的基础。

①主语(zhǔyǔ)+谓语(wèiyǔ)②主语(zhǔyǔ)+系动词+表语③主语+谓语+宾语④主语+谓语+宾语+补语⑤主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语一、句型1： Subject (主语) ＋ Verb (谓语)这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，所谓不及物动词，就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。

常见的动词如：work, sing, swim , arrive , come, die, cry, happen，sleep，walk，happen（take place），laugh，stay 等。

如：1) Birds fly. 鸟飞。

2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。

3) He runs in the park. 他在公园里跑。

“主语＋谓语＋地点状语”此句型是“主语+不及物动词”构成句子的主体部分。

因为是不及物动词，后面当然不能带宾语了，但是可以有状语来修饰。

例如上面例句中的 in the park就是地点状语。

4)Class begins.上课了。

比较：We begin our class at eight. 我们八点钟开始上课。

此句则属于第③种句型，begin在句中是及物动词，由此可见有些动词既可作及物动词也可以作不及物动词。

二、句型2：Subject (主语) ＋ Link. V(系动词) ＋ Predicate(表语)这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。

其系动词一般可分为下列两类：(1)表示状态。