2019高考(押题)英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars精练 新人教版必修3

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必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy： the science of the stars李仕才Ⅰ。

阅读理解AFrom young kids to fitness lovers, to those looking for a laugh，or to families looking for a free movie night， Atlantic Station prepares some days for them to enjoy this year.Tot Spot - Each Tuesday morning，Atlantic Station’s Central Park transforms into every child’s d ream playground！ From 10：00 am to noon， kids can enjoy games， storytelling, toys, music and some very special things. This event begins on April 5 and lasts through September 27。

Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars李仕才***阅读理解。

I told my friend Graham that I often cycle two miles from my house to the town centre but unfortunately there is a big hill on the route. He replied, “You mean fortunately.” He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided.My attitude to the hill has now changed. I used to complain as I approachedit but now I tell myself the following. This hill will exercise my heart and lungs. It will help me to lose weight and get fit. It will mean that I live longer. This hill is my friend. Finally I comfort myself with the thought of all those silly people who pay money to go to a gym and sit on stationary exercise bicycles when I can get the same value for free. I have a smile of satisfaction as I reach the top of the hill.Problems are there to be faced and overcome. We cannot achieve anything with an easy life. Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to gain a university degree. Her activism and writing proved inspirational. She wrote, “The character cannot be developed with ease. Only through experiences of suffering can the soul be strengthened, vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved.”One of the main determinants of success in life is our attitude towards adversity. From time to time we all face hardships, problems, accidents and difficulties. Some are of our making but many are no fault of our own. While we cannot choose adversity, we can choose our attitude towards it.Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had both legs cut off following a flying accident. He was determined to fly again and went on to become one of the leading flying aviators in the Battle of Britain with 22 aerial victories over the Germans. He was an inspiration to others during the war. He said, “Don’t listen to anyone who tells you that you can’t do this or that. That’s nonsense. Make up your mind, and you’ll never use crutches or a stick, and then have a go at everything. Go to school, and join in all the games you can. Go anywhere you want to. But never, neverlet them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible.”The biographies of great people are full of examples of how they took steps to overcome the difficulties they faced. The common thread(思路) is that they did not become depressed. They chose their attitude. They chose to be positive. They took on the challenge. They won. Nevertheless, there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars李仕才一、阅读理解。

The effects of coffee consumption on health have long been a subject of conflict and uncertainty. Since the 1980s, some have spoken out against coffee as it’s harmful to health, while others have welcomed coffee for its supposed benefits to health.According to a scientific report, mild coffee consumption, three to five cups per day, can be taken as a healthy dietary pattern, along with other healthful behavior. The report also says that coffee consumption helps reduce the risk of heart disease and it protects against Parkinson’s disease.According to Dr. Donald Hensrud of Mayo Clinic, high consumption of coffee has health risks. Dr. Hensrud mentions the dangers of high coffee consumption for people with a certain illness that slows the breakdown of caffeine in the body. Some studies said that drinking two or more cups of coffee daily can actually increase the risk of heart disease in these people.According to conclusions from a recent study led by Dr. Gregory Marcus, a doctor from the University of California, San Francisco, daily moderate consumption of caffeine, less than 4 cups, is not associated with these issues.Until the scientific community reaches a general agreement on the effects of coffee consumption on human health, it will be up to the individual to decide whether the benefits of drinking coffee are greater than the risks.When informed of these possible health benefits and harm of drinking coffee, Harwood, a high school student stated, “Even though there might be some negative effects of drinking coffee, for the most part, coffee drinking sounds good for health. Not to mention I need coffee to stay awake.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。

Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars李仕才一、阅读理解。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

One of the main creators of the World Wide Web，Sir Tim Berners­Lee has warned that the fast growth of the Internet is also creating serious problems.He especially warns of false information being easily spread around the Internet，“A great danger is that it becomes a place where untruths start to spread more than truths，or it becomes a place which becomes increasingly unfair in some way.”In particular he mentions the p henomena of blogging.Blogging enables friends and contacts to easily spread information.However he argues that people may too easily trust information mentioned in a blog.This inaccurate information can then easily become an accepted truth on the Internet.He suggests that the most important development of the Internet will be in creating ways of allowing people to check the correctness of information by providing original sources.Sir Tim admits that this is an important challenge.It's interesting to note that Wikipedia(维基百科)has had to take steps to prevent false information from being added to the biographies of living people.It's easy for anybody to edit the open source.However，some people have pointed out that it has been used to spread false materials.In seeking to raise standards，Wikipedia has sought to stop the false materials.At the same time there is a growing view that the Internet has had a great effect on the way millions of people work.The last two years have seen a big growth in the use of the Internet.There appears no slowdown in the growth of the Internet with increasing access in the developing countries.Sir Tim says another major challenge will be to provide free Internet for everybody.Sir Tim has recently launched a new joint initiative (倡议)between the University of Southampton and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to create the first degree in Web science.The two schools hope to raise the standards of web content.1．What is the especially serious problem that Sir Tim refers to?A．The growth of the Internet is too fast.B．The Internet has a side effect on young children.C．The Internet companies compete against each other in an unfair way.D．The false information spreads rapidly on the Internet.2．What causes the biographies to have false information?A．The Internet users refuses other users to correct them.B．Wikipedia doesn't take any steps.C．Anybody can easily edit the biographies.D．Wikipedia attempts to publish false materials.3．According to the last paragraph，the purpose of the joint initiative is to ________.A．provide free Internet access to the poor countriesB．improve the reliability of online contentC．create the first degree in science and technologyD．enlarge the use of the Internet4．We can infer from the text that ________.A．Sir Tim has built two schools recentlyB．the Internet is harmful to the people's healthC．Sir Tim hopes everyone can use the Internet for freeD．the Internet develops slowly in the developing countries【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了互联网的快速发展所带来的一些问题。

Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars李仕才一、阅读理解。

Life can be so wonderful, full of adventure and joy. It can also be full of challenges, setbacks(挫折) and heartbreaks. Whatever our circumstances, we generally still have dreams, hopes and desires that little something more we want for ourselves and our loved ones. Yet knowing we can have more can also create a problem, because when we go to change the way we do things, up come the old patterns and pitfalls(陷阱) that stopped us from seeking what we wanted in the first place.This tension between what we feel we can have and what we’re seemingly able to have is the niggling(烦人的)suffering, the anxiety we feel. This is where we usually think it’s easier to just give up. But we’re never meant to let go of part of us that knows we can have more. The intelligence behind that knowing is us — the real us. It’s the part that believes in the life and its possibilities. If you drop that, you begin to feel a little ＂dead＂ inside because you’re dropping ＂you＂.So, if we have this capability but somehow life seems to keep us stuck，how do we break these patterns?Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time. This is good advice for a new adventure or just getting through today’s challenges.While, deep down, we know we can do it, our mind — or the minds of those close to us — usually says we can’t. That isn’t a reason to stop, it’s just the mind, that little man or woman on your shoulder, trying to talk you out of something again. It has done it many times before. It’s all about starting simple and doing it now.Decide and act before overthinking. When you do this you may feel a little, or large, release from the jail of your mind and you’ll be on your way.1. It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that we should ________.A. slow down and live a simple lifeB. be careful when we choose to changeC. stick to our dreams under any circumstancesD. be content with what we already have2. What is the key to breaking the old patterns?A. To focus on every detail.B. To decide and take immediate action.C. To listen to those close to us.D. To think twice before we act.3. Which of the following best explains the underlined part in the last paragraph?A. Escape from your punishment.B. Realization of your dreams.C. Freedom from your tension.D. Reduction of your expectations.4. What does the author intend to tell us?A. It’s easier than we think to get what we want.B. It’s important to learn to accept sufferings in life.C. It’s impractical to change our way of thinking.D. It’s harder than we expect to follow a new course.【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。

Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars单元基础词汇语法回顾Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Their education ________ (体系) was perfect.2．I hope you will recover soon under this enjoyable ______(气候)．3．He felt ________(鼓励)by the progress he had made.4．The manager doesn't ________(允许)us to use the computer.5．The news that they were defeated ________(传遍)to the capital.6．Tornadoes are ________ (猛烈的)whirlwinds which vary in their width from a few yards to 1,300 feet.7．The small boat was ________(漂浮)on the surface of the water.8．A great ________(块)of rock had fallen from the cliff and now blocked the road.9．From these observations we conclude that the moon has little or no ________(大气层)．10．These kittens look exactly ________(一样的). Can you tell them apart?答案1．system 2.climate 3.encouraged 4.allow 5.spread6．violent 7.floating 8.block 9.atmosphere 10.alikeⅡ.单句语法填空1．She is a very ________ (religion) person who goes to church every Sunday.2．This kind of plants has been in ________ (exist) for millions of years.3．I've been ________ (puzzle) over all the figures, trying to find what happened to the missing money.4．We live in a ________ (globe) village, but this doesn't mean that we all behave in the same way.5．Last night we had a discussion, which became more and more violent. Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use ________ (violent) whatever happens.6．Reading in the sun is ________ (harm) to your eyes.7．The wind is blowing ________ (gentle)．8．It was my friends who gave me a great deal of __________ (encourage)．9．The desertification accounted for good farmland's ________ (disappear)．10．Her teacher pointed out her mistake with __________ (patient)．11．The boy was lucky enough to escape ________ ( punish) by telling a lie.12．Over the past five years Tom ________ (go) through a lot of hardships.13．When I'm feeling sad, my mother tells me funny stories to cheer me ________.14．He described the three ways ________ the problem could be solved.15．Only by practising time and time again can you get the hang ________ the grammar rules.16．She married at 25 and gave birth ________ her first child shortly after.17．Tom got up late, thus ________ (miss) the early bus.18．Last night a fire broke ________ in the hotel across the street.19．The fireworks exploded ________ all directions.20．This garden is three times ________ big as that one.答案1．religious 2.existence 3.puzzling 4.global5．violence 6.harmful 7.gently 8.encouragement9．disappearance 10.patience 11.being punished12．has gone 13.up 14.that 15.of 16.to 17.missing18．out 19.in 20.asⅢ.单句改错1．There is so much rain on the island that its annual rainfall reaches as many as sixty inches.________2．The problem of pollution is worth paying attention.________3．This is such interesting a film that I have seen it twice.________4．When people in the room heard someone crying“Fire! Fire！”they were seized by panic and began to run towards all directions.________5．Teachers can help them learn to take risks in an atmosphere that they feel confident about doing so.________6．Because there is no air or wind on the moon, the footprints may stay there for million of years.________答案1．many改为much 2.attention后加to 3.such改为so4．towards改为in 5.that改为where6．million改为millionsⅣ.语法填空Visitors to Britain may find the best place __1__ enjoy local culture is in a traditional pub. But newcomers may get into trouble in these friendly pubs. Strangersmay start with the difficulty of getting a drink. Most pubs have no waiters —you have to go to the bar (吧台) to buy drinks. This may sound __2__ (convenient), but English people are used to doing so. Pub culture is formed __3__ (help) people get along with each other. Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat with others __4__ (wait) for drinks. The bar counter is __5__ (possible) the only place in Britain __6__ a friendly conversation with strangers __7__ (consider) to be entirely proper and really quite normal, __8__， if you do not follow the local rules, you may fail to feel the local culture. For example, if you are in a big group, __9__ is best for one or two people to go to buy the drinks. Nothing makes the regular customers and bar staff __10__ (angry) than a group of strangers standing in front of the bar while they chat and wonder what to order.答案1．to 2.inconvenient 3.to help 4.waiting 5.possibly6．where 7.is considered 8.however 9.it 10.angrierⅤ.短文改错A few days ago when taking the walk with my mother in the park, I came across a foreigner. Judged by his puzzled expression, I thought he might in need of help. So I went up and asked whether I could help him in English. He told me he had got lost. He had turned to several passer ­by for help, and they couldn't speak English. Then he told me his destination. Fortunately, I was quite familiar to the place. In order to make myself understand, I told him how to go there as clear as possible. Although it was the first time that I have talked to a foreigner face to face he totally understood what I said and thanked for me.答案 A few days ago when taking the awalk with my mother in the park, I came acrossa foreigner. Judged Judging by his puzzled expression, I thought he might ∧bein need of help.So I went up and asked whether I could help him in English. He told me he had got lost. He had turned to several passer ­by passers ­by for help, and butthey couldn't speak English. Then he told me his destination. Fortunately, I was quite familiar to withthe place.In order to make myself understand understood ， I told him how to go there as clear clearly as possible. Although it was the first time that I have had talked to a foreigner face to face he totally understood what I said and thanked for ＼ me. 单元能力训练与技巧指导练一 语言知识运用保分练1篇完形＋1篇语法填空，限时25分钟Ⅰ.完形填空It was an unforgettable weekend.I had a great time at the __1__.However, after I arrived home, I noticed my owl necklace was __2__.I was so anxious that I __3__ every room in the house, but my efforts were __4__ vain.Then I decided to head back to the beach.My husband thought I was __5__， as the huge beach was nine miles from our home.How could I __6__ one tiny necklace? What if it came off in the ocean? I was __7__ to even consider that as a possibility.I knew I had to try.After searching for several hours at the beach, I __8__ an elderly man with a metal detector (探测器) in his hand.I __9__ up to him and asked whether he had come across a necklace.He opened his hand and showed me his __10__ — some coins.He said if he saw my necklace he would __11__ return it to me.I also wanted him to have enough __12__ to mail it so I gave him a $5 bill and told him my name and my address.Then I left.My husband __13__ me and said that he would buy me a new one.But I turned down his nice __14__， as that necklace couldn't be __15__.It was my dad who had found a special way to give me that __16__ necklace.There had been a yard sale in my community.Among the things that were put on __17__ he found the necklace.Unable to __18__ it, my dad offered to build a bookshelf for the owner as a(n) __19__.Unexpectedly, three days later, I received a package.Inside were a $5 bill and my owl necklace.The moment I saw the necklace, I couldn't help __20__. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者在沙滩上把自己的项链丢失了，然后又回到沙滩上找，没有找到，最后被一个老人找到并寄给作者的故事。

Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the starsⅠ阅读理解Got big plans for Friday night? That’s OK, we don’t either.Guess we’ll all have to make do by watching the celestial(天空的) show that will take place that night.First, there will be a full moon. That’s always fun, but this one will be a little more special. It’s known as a “snow moon”. The name es from the fact that the heaviest snows usually fall during February, according to The Old Farmer’s Almanac.But if that’s not special enough, there’s also an eclipse(月食) that night. It’ll be a penumbral lunar eclipse, meaning it’s a partial eclipse that leaves sections of the moon darkened by the earth’s shadow. No, it won’t be as spectacular as those “blood moon” eclipses. It’ll be subtler. The level of darkness it reaches during the eclipse may or may not be apparent；it just depends on where you are when you view it.In North America, the eclipse begins at 5：34 p．m. ET and ends at 9：53 p．m. ET, according to the astronomy website EarthSky. The eclipse will be at its height around 7：44 p．m. ET.If that’s still not enough, let’s throw in a et(彗星) to the night’s festivities.et 45P (it has a much longer name, but we won’t burden you with it here) is visible as it flies by the earth. The et will get within 7.4 million miles of the planet as it makes its closest approach this weekend, according to Universe Today.et 45P will be most visible a couple of hours after the eclipse, so look to the skies again around 3 a．m. ET Saturday and find the greenish­blue light with a tail.And don’t forget, a total big­time solar eclipse will streak across the United States on August 21st.【解题导语】本文是说明文，介绍了星期五晚上将会发生的天文现象。

Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars李仕才一、阅读理解。

The Internet plays a big part in human life. We use it for work and entertainment. We can find new recipes on the Internet or advice on staying healthy. We can even use it to learn a new language. We use the Internet to connect with family and friends and stay in touch with issues we care about.The list goes on and on.As far as the Internet being a part of our lives—well, that train has left the station. That expression means there is no going back. If you prefer boating, you can say that ship has sailed.So, there may be no going back to an Internet-free life. But can using the Internet too much be bad for our health?It might be, say researchers.Study results show that teens who spend at least 14 hours a week online were more likely to have high blood pressure.High blood pressure makes your heart and blood vessels work too hard. Over time, this extra strain increases your risk of a heart attack or stroke.High blood pressure can also cause heart and kidney disease. It is also closely linked to some forms of dementia, a brain disease. Dementia is marked by memory disorders, personality changes, and a reduced ability to reason.Let’s introduce something about the study of it.The Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan did the study. It involved 335 young people, from 14 to 17 years old. One hundred thirty-four of the teens were described as “heavy Internet users”. Researchers found that out of these 134 teens, 26 had high blood pressure.The researchers say the study is the first to connect heavy web use and high blood pressure. Other research has connected that heavy Internet use with health problems including anxiety, depression and obesity.The lead researcher of the study is Andrea Cassidy-Bushrow. In a statement she said, “Using the Internet is part of our daily life but it shouldn’t consume us. ”For the purpose of the study, she explains, teens considered heavy Internet users were online on “average 25 hours a week. ”Ms Cassidy-Bushrow adds that it is important for teens to take “regular breaks from their computers or smartphones” and to do some “kind of physical activity. ”She also suggests that parents limit their children’s use of the Internet to two hours a day, five days a week.【文章大意】互联网如此有用并且融入我们的生活, 但过度使用它, 会导致多种健康问题。

Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the starsⅠ阅读理解Got big plans for Friday night? That’s OK, we don’t either.Guess we’ll all have to make do by watching the celestial(天空的) show that will take place that night.First, there will be a full moon. That’s always fun, but this one will be a little more special. It’s known as a “snow moon”. The name es from the fact that the heaviest snows usually fall during February, according to The Old Farmer’s Almanac.But if that’s not special enough, there’s also an eclipse(月食) that night. It’ll be a penumbral lunar eclipse, meaning it’s a partial eclipse that leaves sections of t he moon darkened by the earth’s shadow. No, it won’t be as spectacular as those “blood moon” eclipses. It’ll be subtler. The level of darkness it reaches during the eclipse may or may not be apparent；it just depends on where you are when you view it.In North America, the eclipse begins at 5：34 p．m. ET and ends at 9：53 p．m. ET, according to the astronomy website EarthSky. The eclipse will be at its height around 7：44 p．m. ET.If that’s still not enough, let’s throw in a et(彗星) to the night’s festivities.et 45P (it has a much longer name, but we won’t burden you with it here) is visible as it flies by the earth. The et will get within 7.4 million miles of the planet as it makes its closest approach this weekend, according to Universe Today.et 45P will be most visible a couple of hours after the eclipse, so look to the skies again around 3 a．m. ET Saturday and find the greenish­blue light with a tail.And don’t forget, a total big­time solar eclipse will streak across the United States on August 21st.【解题导语】本文是说明文，介绍了星期五晚上将会发生的天文现象。