高中英语必修四第二单元重点

人教新课标高中英语必修 4 Unit2重点知识点汇总Unit 2 Working the Land核心词汇1.struggle v.挣扎；努力；拼搏；斗争n. (为争取自由、政治权利等而进行的)斗争，奋斗【常用结构】struggle with 与……斗争struggle for 为争取……而斗争struggle against 与……斗争；为反对……而斗争struggle to do sth. (=make great efforts to do sth.) 努力做某事feet 挣扎着站起来struggle to one’ｓShe struggled to keep back the tears. 她努力忍住泪水。

It was a hard struggle to get my work done on time.为使工作按时完成, 我做了一番努力。

【易混辨析】struggle/fightstruggle 指较长时间的、激烈的斗争，往往指肉体及精神上的战斗。

fight 意为“搏斗，打斗，打架”，表示“斗争”时，包含体力和勇猛的因素。

2.expand v.扩大；扩展；增加；增长；（使）膨胀；阐述；使变大【常用结构】expand...into... 将……扩展/发展成……expand on 阐述；详谈He is thinking of expanding his business.他在正考虑扩大他的生意。

population expanded by 12%.In ten years the c ity’ｓ十年之中,该市人口增加了百分之十二。

【联想拓展】expansion n.展开；膨胀；扩展expansive a dj.广阔的；易膨胀的【易混辨析】expand/extend/spread/stretchexpand 意为“展开，扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。

extend 意为“伸出，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度，宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长。

Unit 2 知识归纳词汇1．struggle v．&n.挣扎；努力；奋斗；斗争；艰难地进行(1)struggle to do sth.努力做某事；挣扎着做某事struggle against/with同……作斗争struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来struggle for 为……而斗争；努力争取……struggle on挣扎着，坚持下去(2)with a struggle 费劲地2．expand vt.& vi. 扩大，增加；使变大；使增强；使膨胀；阐述；细谈(1)expand into/in...使扩大，变大；把……扩展expand on/upon 阐述，详谈(2)expand...into...把……扩展/发展成……(3)expansive adj.易扩张的；易膨胀的；广阔的expansion n. 扩张；膨胀；扩大；发展Metals expand when they are heated.金属受热则膨胀。

同类辨析expand，extend，spread，stretch与enlarge(1)expand展开，扩大，使膨胀；不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。

(2)extend伸长，延伸，指空间范围等的扩大，以及长度、宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长。

(3)spread伸开，传播，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。

(4)stretch伸展，拉长，一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长。

(5)enlarge指面积、体积和范围的扩大以及能力的增长，不能用来指重量、速度、时间等。

3．equip vt.装备；配备(1)equip...for sth./to do sth.为了(做)……而装备……equip...with...用……装备……，使装(具)备equip oneself 整装，预备行装(2)be equipped for准备好，对……有准备be equipped with装(配)备；安装be fully/specially/poorly/well equipped装备齐全/独特/简陋/完好(3)equipment n．[U]装备；设备a piece of equipment (不可用an equipment)4．regret vt.惋惜；遗憾n．遗憾；懊悔(1)regret to do sth.(常和tell，say，inform等动词连用)对将要做某事表示遗憾regret doing sth.后悔做了某事regret＋thatclause遗憾……(2)feel regret for对……感到后悔to one's regret令某人感到遗憾的是It's to be regretted that...令人遗憾的是……with great/deep regret很遗憾5．focus n．集中点，焦点，调焦；兴趣或注意力的中心vt.&vi.(使)聚焦，(使)集中精力于……(1)focus one's eyes/energy/mind/attention on sth.把某人的眼神/精力/思想/注意力集中于某物(2)focus on/upon sth.(某人)把注意力集中于某物(3)out of focus模糊不清/焦点没有对准的in focus清晰的/焦点对准的bring sth.into focus使……成为关注的焦点the focus of attention/concern注意力/关注的焦点6．reduce vt. 缩减，减少；使……处于……状态(表示此种意义时，常用于被动语态)；使变弱；使降职(级)(1)reduce sth.(from sth.) to...把……减少到……reduce sth.(from sth.) by...把……减少了……be reduced to...沦落为……be reduced to despair 陷入绝望reduce sb.(from sth.) to...把某人(从某级别或职位)降至……(2)reduction n．减少，缩减；折扣；减价make a reduction减价(3)(反)increase v．增加，增长，增大7．comment n．&vi.评论，注释，意见(1)make comments on/upon sth.评论某事without comment不必多说no comment无可奉告(2)comment on/upon评论，谈论，对……提意见comment that...评论……He made several comments on the film.他对这部电影作出了许多评论。

高一外语必修4unit2知识点高一外语必修4 Unit2 知识点Unit2是高一外语必修4教材中的一单元，主要涵盖了关于犯罪与法律的话题。

本文将详细介绍Unit2中的一些重要知识点，以帮助学生更好地理解和掌握这一单元内容。

一、单词与短语1. robbery (noun): 抢劫The police are investigating the robbery that took place at the bank yesterday.(警方正在调查昨天在银行发生的抢劫案。

)2. murder (noun): 谋杀The detective was able to solve the murder case and bring the killer to justice.(这名侦探成功破案，将凶手绳之以法。

)3. burglary (noun): 入室盗窃The house was empty when the burglary happened, so nobody saw the thief.(当入室盗窃案发生时，房子里空无一人，所以没人看到小偷。

)4. suspect (noun): 嫌疑犯The police arrested a suspect in connection with the robbery.(警方逮捕了一名与抢劫有关的嫌疑犯。

)5. evidence (noun): 证据The detective collected a lot of evidence at the crime scene.(这名侦探在犯罪现场收集了大量的证据。

)二、被动语态在Unit2中，我们需要掌握被动语态的用法。

被动语态是表示主语是动作的接受者的一种句式。

构成被动语态的基本结构为：“be + 过去分词”。

例如：Active: The police caught the thief.Passive: The thief was caught by the police.被动语态常用于描述某一行为的执行者不明确或不重要的情况下。

高中英语必修四第二单元知识点1 sunburn v.日晒，晒黑→sunburnt adj.晒黑的2 struggle v./n.挣扎，奋斗，努力struggleagainststruggle forstruggle with3 decade n.十年，十年期4 super n.冗员, 额外人员; [口]特级品, 特大号商品; 超级市场adj特级的, 极好的, 非凡的5. hunger n.饥饿，渴望/v.使饥饿→hungry adj.饥饿的;渴望的6.output n. 产量，输出，input 输入，消费7.disturbing adj 引起烦恼的，令人不安的，disturbv. 打扰，麻烦8.expand vt.扩大, 扩展,张开, 使发, 详谈; 引伸9. circulate v.循环，流通→circulation n.循环，流传10. battle n.战役，战斗v.搏斗，奋斗11. therefore adv.因此，所以12. rid vt 摆脱，除去13.freedom n 自由，自主→free adj 自由的，免费的14.equip v.配备，装备→equipment n.设备15. export v.输出，出口 n.输出品→import v.输入，进口 n.进口品16.nationality n 国籍，national adj 国家的，民族的nation n. 国家17.occupation n 工作，职业，占领occupy v.占用，使从事，把注意力集中于...占领, 占据 18.confuse v.使迷惑，使为难→confused adj.感到迷惑的confusing adj.令人迷惑的19 regret v./n.后悔，遗憾→regretful adj.后悔的，遗憾的20.production n.生产，制造，productive可生产的，可制造的，produce –v 生产，制造21.discovery n. 发现，发觉，discover-v发现，22.focus v. 集中，聚焦，n 焦点，中心点23. reduce v.减少，缩减→reduction n.减少，缩减24 comment n./v.评论，议论1 if not 如果不….If so 如果这样，2.consider oneselfsth 自认为是…consider sb sth 认为某人是…3.since then 从那时起4.search for a wayto do sth 寻找做某事的途径。

高中英语必修四第二单元重点、难点U n i t T w o W o r k i n g t h e l a n d1、Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.的确,他那被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂,以及他那瘦削而又结实的身体就跟过去五十年他一直在帮助的千百万的中国农民一样;完成时态的时间表达：1for + 段时间多长时间以来2before 以前3since + 时间点自从什么时间since +时间段 +ago 自从多长时间以前 since +从句自从… since then 从那以后4recently ; lately; in recent +时间最近；最近多长时间5so far; by far; up till now; by now 到现在为止6by the end of… / by the time… 到…时间结尾7 in / during / for the past / last + 时间段在过去的多长时间里特别提示：1如果句子中有以上时间,句子一般要用完成时;2before后不能跟时间；否则句子用过去时态;3by the end of… / by the time…多用于过去完成时或将来完成时;即时活用：1、________ several years he has been working like this. A. In B. After C. For D. Since2、The heavy rainfall has caused vegetable prices to rise daily ______ the last two months. A. by B. sinceC. forD. with3、–Where does Mr Zhang live --- He has been on the island ________the end of the Long March. A. sinceB. byC. inD. at 4、I have been in London twice ______ 1965. A. in B. sinceC. duringD. when 答案：C C A B2、Dr. Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.袁博士寻找一种在不扩大土地面积的情况下增加收成的办法;search vt. 搜查The guards searched the house carefully. 警卫仔细搜查了整个房子;They searched the woods for the lost boy. 他们搜查整个森林寻找丢失的小孩;联想扩展：1search for寻找 What are you searching for 你在找什么2search one’s heart 扪心自问I often search my heart if I am a competent teacher. 我常扪心自问我是不是一个称职的老师;3in search of 寻找 We started at once in search of something to eat. 我们立刻开始寻找可吃的东西;3、Dr. Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.袁博士寻找一种在不扩大土地面积的情况下增加收成的办法;expand vi. & vt. 用法归纳：1膨胀；扩大 A tyre expands when you pump air into it. 给轮胎充气轮胎会鼓起来的;Xi’an is expanding in all directions. 西安正在向四周扩大;2加大；使膨胀Heat expands metal. 热使金属膨胀; He has expanded his business. 他把生意扩大了;联想扩展：expand on 细说；阐述Let me expand on my idea. 我来阐述一下我的观点;4、Dr. Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their harvest.袁博士正在把他的知识用在像印度、越南这些不发达的国家以便于增加它们水稻的产量;circulate vi. & vt.用法归纳：1循环；流通 Blood circulates in the body. 血液在体内循环;It does good to a country’s economy if money circulates. 钱流动对国家经济有好处;2传播；流传Bad news circulates quickly. 坏消息传播的很快;Some people like to circulate false news. 有些人喜欢传播假消息;联想扩展：circulation n. 循环；传播；发行量5、Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.多亏了他的研究,联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了些方法;thanks to 幸亏；多亏；由于Thanks to the ill ness, I didn’t take that flight. 多亏生病,我没乘坐那次航班;Thanks to the teacher’s help, I’ve made some progress with my English.由于老师帮助,我的英语取得了一些进步;联想扩展：下列词组中的to为介词look forward to 期望 see to 处理；修理 be / get used to 习惯于 pay attention to 注意 get down to 开始认真做 lead to 导致devote…to 贡献 stick to 坚持；遵循 object to 反对prefer doing… to 喜欢…胜过于get around to 找时间做… live up to 不辜负 refer to 指的是；适用于 belong to 属于compare…to…把…比作 turn to 转向；求助于 add to 增加 due to 由于；归功于 be addicted to 沉迷于 adapt to 适应 agree to 同意 be subject to 受…约束 owe to 归功于thanks to 幸亏；由于 lose heart to 喜欢 tend to 倾向于 urge to 促使采取 take to喜欢 be accustomed to 习惯于即时活用：I usually enjoy his film, but the latest one ____.A. didn’t come up to my expectationB. didn’t turn out beyond expectationC. didn’t live up to my hopeD. doesn’t come up to our expectation 答案：C6、Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.用他的杂交水稻种子,农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍;倍数表达法1 倍数百分数+ 形容词比较级 + than + 比较对象增加…倍This room is three times bigger than that one. 这个房子比那个房子大三倍;2 倍数+ as +形容词原形 + as + 比较对象是…的几倍This room is three times as big as that one. 这个房子是那个房子的三倍;3 倍数 + up on +比较对象增加…倍The number of students in our school now is 200% up on that of last year.我们学校现在的学生数量比去年增加了两倍;4 倍数 + over +比较对象增加…倍The number of students in our school now is 200% over that of last year.我们学校现在的学生数量比去年增加了两倍;5 倍数 + the + 名词 + of +比较对象是…的几倍This bridge is three times the length of that one. 这座桥的长度是那座桥的三倍;即时活用：1、Some parts in South China have experienced______ this year as they did last year.A. twice as much rainB. rain twice as muchC. as twice much rainD. twice rain as much2、My glasses cost me ______ the lost pair that I bought.A. times threeB. three times more thanC. three times as much asD. as much three times as3、– Do you regret paying fifty dollars for the dog --- No, I would gladly have paid ____ for him.A. as much twiceB. twice so muchC. much twiceD. twice as much4、Now the city is ______ it used to be.A. three times as large asB. three time larger asC. larger as three times asD. as three times largerthan 答案：ACDA7、Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.多亏了他的研究,联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了些方法;rid v. 免除,清除,使...获自由Let's get rid of this moldy old furniture. 咱们把这件发霉的家具扔了;We will be glad to get rid of him. 我们很高兴摆脱了他;联想扩展：1be rid of 摆脱掉She was glad to be rid of him. 摆脱了他她很高兴; Will I ever be rid of this cold 我的感冒还能好吗2get rid of 摆脱掉；戒掉It took me a month to get rid of my cough. 我的咳嗽一个月后才好; You should get rid of smoking. 你应该戒烟;即时活用：What way are you thinking of ______ rid of the flies A. to get B. getting C. being got D. to be getting 答案：A8、He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. 他宁愿为自己的爱好留点时间;had / would rather 宁愿I’d rather stay here a couple of days. 我想在这儿再呆几天; I had rather you told the truth. 我宁愿的说实话;特别提示：had / would rather 表示“宁愿”时后面跟动词原形；如果后面跟从句,从句谓语要用虚拟语气,即过去式;联想扩展：would / had rather…than 宁愿…而不愿I’d much rather deal with a man than with a woman. 我愿意和男人打交道,不愿和女人打交道;即时活用：1、I ____ play football than basketball. A. would rather B. had better C. like better D. prefer2、He insisted on staying _________ back home. A. rather than going B. rather than go C. than going D. rather than to go3、–Shall I tell them the news ---No, I would rather they _______ know. A. won’t B. don’t C. wouldn’tD. didn’t4、I’d go to hell _____stay with you. A. than B. rather C. rather than D. better than5、In fact, Mary would rather have left for San Francisco ______ in Los Angeles.A. by stayingB. that stayC. than have stayedD. to stay6、_______ you rather sit by the window. A. Don’t B. Will C. Wouldn’t D. Won’t答案：A ADCCC9、Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.袁博士从梦中醒来,希望能种植一种可以养活更多人的水稻;with the hope of…抱着…的希望They went to south Pacific with the hope of finding some new plants.他们去南太平洋希望找到一些新植物;With the hope of recovery, she tried to live happily. 抱着康复的希望,她尽量愉快的生活;联想扩展：in the hope of 希望能We got up early in the morning in the hope of catching the first bus.我们早早起床,希望能赶上第一班车;特别提示：“with the hope of…抱着…的希望”一般表示客观希望；而in the hope of一般表示主观希望;即时活用：____ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient soughther doctor’s help to end her life. A. Having given up hope of cure B. With no hope for cure C. Therebeing hope for cure D. In the hope of cure答案：B10、These chemicals in the food supply build up in people’s bodies over time.经过很长时间,食物中所提供的化学物质会在人的体内聚集;build up1 建设起来；发展起来He has built up a good business over the years. 几年下来他的生意发展的很不错了;We have achieved great successes in the cause of building up our country.在建设我们国家的过程中我们取得了很多成功;2 加强；增强You must build up your strength again. 你应该加强你的力量;Good food builds up the body. 好食品能使身体健康;3 积累；积聚We first have to build up some experience. 首先我们应该积累一些经验;China has built up enough money to cope with the economic crisis.中国已经聚集了足够的经济以对以经济危机;4 逐步增加The clouds are building up. 乌云在聚积;The noise built up ti ll Mary couldn’t stand it any longer. 声音越来越大知道玛丽再也受不了;即时活用：1、Students should play more on the playground to ______ up their bodies.A. hold B. get C. keep D. build 答案：D2、----I felt very bad these days . ------ Oh, you should ______ your body.A. build upB. look atC. thinkD. take care 答案：A11、They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. 他们把注意力集中在保持土壤肥沃且免受病害;focus on 用法归纳：1对准；把光线集中在…Focus the light on the object while I am taking a photo of it.我拍照时把光线集中在物体上;The scientist focused the telescope on the moon. 那个科学家把望远镜对准月球;2把…集中在…上You should focus your attention on your study. 你应该把注意力集中在学习上;All eyes were focused on her. 所有眼睛都集中在她身上;12、They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. 他们把注意力集中在保持土壤肥沃且免受病害;free of 用法归纳：1没有；免受；免交 The old couple are now free of burden. 那对老年人现在没有负担;If your salary is under 1600 Yuan one month, you are free of income tax.如果你每月工资低于1600元,你就可以免交个人所得税;2远离；离开 When I am tired, I can be free of noisy city. 退休后,我就可以远离喧闹的城市;We will be free of school in three months. 三个月后我们就能离开学校了;特别提示: free of还可以作短语动词,表示“使摆脱”;The housewife opened the window to free the room of smoke.主妇打开窗子让房子里的烟跑一跑;13、This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.这还可使空气、土壤、水和作物不受化学物质污染;keep…free f rom / of 使免受…Keep these vegetables free from poison. 使这些蔬菜别受毒物污染;Society should keep children free from bad effects.社会应该使孩子们免受坏的影响;联想扩展：1free… from… 把…从…中解脱出来Teachers should free students from heavy studies. 老师应该把学生从繁重的学习中解脱出来;You should free me from housework. 你应该让我从家务中解脱出来;2be free from…无…的；免予…的This sentence is free from mistake. 这个句子没错误; I am free from disease. 我没病;即时活用：--- What about the protection --- Let’s keep the surface ______ dirty by putting a cover over it .A. far fromB. free fromC. apart fromD. away from 答案：B14、He was lost in thought. 他陷入深思;be lost in用法归纳：1消失在…中 The thief ran away and was lost in the crow. 小偷逃跑了并且消失在人群中;The snowflakes were soon lost in the water. 雪花很快消失在水中;2陷入…；被…所吸引The student was lost in thought. 那个学生陷入深思; The boy was lost in the book. 男孩被书深深的吸引;3迷路 They must be lost in the forest. 他们肯定在森林中迷路了;It is very easy for a stranger to get lost in Shanghai. 陌生人在上海很容易迷路;即时活用：_____ in thought , he almost ran into the car in front of him .A. LosingB. Having lostC. LostD. To lose 答案：C15、He studied ways of keeping seeds and advised farmers to choose seed-heads which had the best color. 他研究保存种子的办法并且建议农民们挑选颜色最好的穗株;advise vt. & vi. 建议；劝告；出主意用法归纳：1跟名词或代词They advised an early start tomorrow. 他们建议明天早点出发;We have to stay here, can I advise it 我们必须呆在这里,我能这样建议吗2advise sb. not to do sth. 建议某人别做某事Can you advise me where to stay when I was in Xi’an 你能建议我在西安时住在哪里吗What would you advise me to do next 你建议我下来做什么3跟动名词He advised staying at home at night. 他建议晚上呆在家里; We advised his studying abroad. 我们建议他去国外学习;4跟从句The teacher advised that he pay more attention to his spelling.老师建议他多注意拼写;They advised that I should give up my idea. 他们建议我放弃我的想法;特别提示：一坚持：insist 二命令：order, command 三建议：advise, suggest, propose 四要求：ask, demand, require, request 后跟宾语从句时,宾语从句的谓语要用should +动词原形,should可以省略;另外,以上词作名词时,其后的表语从句或同位语从句的谓语也要用虚拟语气;规定同上;联想扩展：advise against 劝…不要 advise on 就…出主意advisable adj. 明智的；可取的advisedly adv.有意的；经过考虑的即时活用：1、We are ________ by doctors to eat more natural food and take plenty of physical exercises.A. suggestedB. warned ofC. informedD. advised2、Jack should have taken the doctor’s advice that he ______in bed for a couple of days. A. would lieB. lieC. must lieD. lay3、I advise you at once.A．to do your homework B．do your homeworks C．doing your homework D．did your homeworks4、I advise you water that isn’t boiled any more. A．to drink B．not to drink C．to not drink D．drinking5、I advise the person ______ to ______ put into prison.A. referring; beB. referred; beC. refers; beD. referred; being 答案：DBABB16、The next spring the seeds should be knocked out of their seed-heads and planted.第二年春天把种子从穗株中敲出来;knock + O + OC 用法归纳：1 knock + O +形容词The car knocked him senseless. 车把他撞昏了;His heavy blow knocked me dumbfounded. 他重重的一拳打得我不知所措;2 knock + O + 副词Let me knock the dust off. 我来把灰尘掸掉; Please knock the ball up. 把球打起来;3 knock + O +介词短语He knocked the dish off the table.他把盘子从桌子上撞下来了;I knocked my knee against the chair. 我把膝盖撞到椅子;联想扩展：knock about 旅行 knock back 花费掉；使吃惊 knock off下班；减价 knock out 击败；摧毁knock over 打翻 knock up敲门叫醒；使疲惫不堪易混辨析：strike , hit , beat , knock打,击strike打一下,打若干下；打动,使着迷;hit 打中；对准…打；敲打或打击对方某一点；碰撞;beat连续性的打击；殴打或体罚；在游戏、竞赛、战争中击败对方；心跳；风雨击打; knock撞击；敲；打即时活用：1、Unluckily, his mother was______ by a passing car while crossing the street.A. knocked atB. knocked onC. knocked downD. knocked over2、The old man ______ in the country for many years. A. knocked over B. knocked on C. knocked at D. knockedabout3、She ______ another match and in the light she made her way without making any noise.A. hitB. beatC. knockedD. struck 答案：CDD17、Then he gave advice on turning over the soil. 然后,关于翻地他也给了建议;give advice to sb. on sth. /on how to do sth. = give sb.advice on sth. / on how to do sth. 在某方面/做某事给某人建议Who can give me some advice on the matter 在这个问题上谁能给我一些建议Our English teacher often gives us advice on how to learn English.我们英语老师常常给我们一些怎样学习英语的建议;特别提示：advice为不可数名词;表示“一条建议”用a piece of advice;表示“一些建议”用 some / much advice;即时活用：1、Thank you for giving me ______ advice, but it is difficult______ me to carry it out.A. so good; forB. such a good; ofC. such good; forD. such good; of 答案：C2、– Did you have a good time --- Wonderful. You really gave me some excellent advice _______ the best places to visit.A. inB. onC. aboveD. over 答案：B。