高中英语必修四第一单元重点上课讲义

高中英语必修四第一单元重点单词讲解1. Ambitious:- Meaning: Having or showing a strong desire and determination to succeed or achieve something great.- Example: He is an ambitious student who aspires to become a renowned scientist.2. Determination:- Meaning: The quality of being firm in purpose or intention; having the resolve to continue despite setbacks or obstacles.- Example: Her determination to overcome challenges allowed her to win the Olympic gold medal.3. Emotional:- Meaning: Relating to or characterized by intense feelings or emotions.- Example: Watching a heart-wrenching movie can evoke strong emotional reactions from the audience.4. Enthusiasm:- Meaning: Intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval.- Example: The crowd's enthusiasm at the concert was infectious, spreading to everyone present.5. Flexible:- Meaning: Able to change or adapt easily according to circumstances.- Example: A flexible work schedule allows employees to maintain a healthy work-life balance.6. Sincere:- Meaning: Genuine, honest, and without deceit or pretense.- Example: His sincere apology made it easier for us to forgive him for his mistakes.7. Stubborn:- Meaning: Refusing to change one's opinion or course of action despite reasoning or persuasion.- Example: The stubborn child insisted on staying up late despite being told it was his bedtime.8. Unique:- Meaning: Being the only one of its kind; unlike anything or anyone else.- Example: Each snowflake is unique, with its own intricate pattern.9. Specialize:- Meaning: To concentrate on and become an expert in a particular subject or skill.- Example: After completing medical school, she decided to specialize in neurology.10. Potential:- Meaning: Having the capacity to develop into something or achieve success in the future.- Example: With hard work and dedication, he maximized his potential and reached great heights in his career.11. Skillful:- Meaning: Executing tasks or activities with proficiency and expertise.- Example: The skillful surgeon performed the complicated operation with precision.12. Talented:- Meaning: Having natural or acquired ability or gift in a particular area.- Example: She is a talented musician who can play multiple instruments flawlessly.13. Courageous:- Meaning: Not deterred by danger or pain; brave and daring.- Example: The firefighter's courageous actions saved many lives during the building collapse.14. Loyal:- Meaning: Faithful and devoted to a person or cause.- Example: He is a loyal friend who always stands by me in difficult times. 15. Creative:- Meaning: Able to create or imagine new and original ideas, solutions, or works.- Example: The artist's creative mind allowed her to produce stunning abstract paintings.16. Adaptable:- Meaning: Capable of adjusting to new conditions or changing circumstances.- Example: Being adaptable is crucial in the ever-evolving field of technology.17. Confident:- Meaning: Believing in one's own abilities; certain of success.- Example: Her confident demeanor helped her secure the job interview.18. Resilient:- Meaning: Able to bounce back or recover quickly from adversity or trauma.- Example: Despite facing many challenges, she remained resilient andcontinued to fight for what she believed in.19. Persistent:- Meaning: Continuing in an effort to achieve something despite obstacles or setbacks.- Example: His persistent dedication finally paid off when he was acceptedinto his dream university.20. Visionary:- Meaning: A person who is capable of imagining future possibilities and innovative ideas.- Example: The visionary leader introduced sustainable practices, leading the company towards a greener future.21. Respectful:- Meaning: Showing regards for the feelings, rights, or traditions of others. - Example: She is respectful of her elders and always listens to their advice.22. Generous:- Meaning: Willing to give or share freely; large-hearted.- Example: He is a generous friend who often helps those in need.23. Humble:- Meaning: Modest and unpretentious; not arrogant or boastful.- Example: Despite his success, he remains humble and grateful for his supporters.24. Kind:- Meaning: Considerate and helpful towards others.- Example: Her kind words brought comfort to the grieving family.25. Modest:- Meaning: Not overly proud or boastful about one's abilities or achievements. - Example: She has a modest approach to her success, always crediting her team for their joint efforts.26. Proud:- Meaning: Feeling a sense of achievement or satisfaction, especially due to something one has done or someone one knows.- Example: As a parent, she is proud to see her child graduate from college. 27. Responsible:- Meaning: Capable of being relied on to act correctly or fulfill one's duties. - Example: He is a responsible citizen who always votes in elections.28. Trustworthy:- Meaning: Reliable and worthy of trust; someone who can be depended on.- Example: She is a trustworthy friend who keeps her promises.29. Amicable:- Meaning: Friendly and easy to get along with; characterized by goodwill. - Example: The divorced couple maintained amicable relations for the sake of their children.30. Compassionate:- Meaning: Showing empathy and understanding towards others who are experiencing hardship or pain.- Example: She is a compassionate nurse who always takes the time to comfort her patients.。

Unit 1 Women of achievementmon sense 常识；common practice 常规，惯例have- - in common with sb 与・••有共同之处；共同拥有⑴It is a common practice to make an appointment before going to see a doctor in western countries.(2)We are good friends though we have nothing in common.(3)The couple have this house in common.(4)Jack,in common with other boys, is crazy about computer games.(5)What do you think these two scientists have in common?2.concern oneself with 关注；对....... 感兴趣be concerned about/for 担心；忧虑be concerned about/with 对♦・感兴趣；关注be concerned that …担心 /担忧........ as far as sb be concerned 就某人而言concerned adj. 担心的，忧虑的，关心的concerning prep. 关于⑴The president is deeply concerned about this issue.(2)They were more concerned with what other women wore at the meeting.(3)She was concerned that she might miss the turning point and got lost.(4)The old woman concerns herself with the sewing work,paying attention to nothing else around her.(5)She was quite concerned about /for her son ' s safety, so she was not concerned about/with what was happening around her.3.devote …to…致力于；把・•・奉献于•一devote sth to …把・・・用于•一be devoted to 致力于；奉献于；专注于devotion n.挚爱，奉献；热心devoted adj. 挚爱的，忠诚的，全心全意的⑴Chinese woman scientist Tu Youyou devoted herself to discovering artemisinin (青蒿素) ,which has led her tothe Nobel Prize for medicine.(2)I could only devote two hours a day to work on this project.(3)His devotion to his wife and family is touching.(4)You ' d better devote as much time as possible to practicing your spoken English.4.rather than 而不是would - rather than ••• ;would rather …than …;prefer to do - rather than do …(1)I think I will have a cold drink rather than a coffee.(2)Why don ' t you ask for help,rather than trying to do it on your own?(3)You , rather than I,are to blame for the failure of the experiment.(4)I prefer to stay indoors rather than go shopping at weekends.(5)The poor boy would beg from door to door rather than ask his step mother for help.(6)Rather than throw the remaining vegetables away,the farmer would sell them at half price.(7)The father,rather than his children was to answer for the accident.(answer for 对•一负责)5.behave vi. vt. 举动；(举止或行为)表现bahaviour n. 行为；举止；态度behave well/badly be on one' s best behaviour 尽量表现得体behave oneself 表现得体⑴They behaved very badly towards their guests.(2)He behaved as if nothing had happened.(3)We hadn' t thought that the boy behaved so badly at school .6.leave+宾语+宾补使…处于…状态宾补由介词短语，形容词或者分词充当。

Vocabulary of Unit 4●achievement n. [C]成就,功绩;[U]达到，完成sense of achievement 成就感people of achievement 有成就的人e.g.The invention of the computer is a great achievement.同源：achieve vt.完成，达到，实现achieve one’s dream 实现梦想achieve success 实现成功achieve the goal 实现目标类似：argue & argument●connection n.连接；关系a connection between A and Bhave a/no connection with 与……有关/无关同义：be related to be linked to/with同源：connect v.e.g. Is there any connection between smoking and heart troubles?His resignation must have some connection with the recent scandal.●campaign n.运动；战役v. 作战；参加运动campaign for/against 参加争取/反对……的运动campaign to do sth. 为了做……而参加运动e.g. John is campaigning for equal rights for women.They are campaigning to save the area from building development.●behave v.举动；（举止或行为）表现behave like 表现得像behave well/badly 表现好/不好behave oneself 守规矩；举止得体同源：behavior n.行为，举止e.g. He behaved like a true gentleman.They behaved very badly towards their guests.●move off 离开；起程；出发e.g. A few minutes later, the whistle sounded and the train began to move off.●worthwhile adj.值得的；值得做的复习it is worthwhile to do sth.it is worthwhile doing sth.be worth + n./vingbe worthy of + n./of being done/ to be done●observe vt.观察；观测；遵守;庆祝observe the rules 遵守observe the spring festival 庆祝observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人在做某事observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做了某事*observe sth. done 观察某事/某物被……类似用法：一感feel二听hear, listen to三让make, let, have四看see, watch, observe, notice同源observation n.e.g. Do you observe Christmas in China?They observed him entering the bank.●respect vt.&n.尊敬；尊重；敬意vt. respect sb. for 因…..尊重某人respect sb. as…尊重/尊敬某人为…..n. show/have respect for sb.尊重/尊敬某人gain/lose one’s respect 得到/失去某人的尊敬earn/win respect 赢得尊敬out of respect 出于尊敬give respects to sb.问候某人e.g.We observed a minute's silence out of respect for the disaster victims.With his decisive handling of the dispute, he had won the respect of everyone.Everyone has a right to be treated with respect.●argue vt&vi.讨论；辩论；争吵argue for/against 赞成/反对argue with sb. about/over sth.与某人争论某事argue sb. into doing sth. = persuade sb. to do sth./into doing sth.说服某人做某事argue sb. out of doing sth. = persuade sb. not to do sth./out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事●lead a … life 过着……的生活lead/live a happy/quiet/hard life 过着幸福的/宁静的/艰难的生活同源宾语：dream a XX dream/fight a XX fight●crowd n.人群；观众vt. 挤满；使拥挤crowd in on sb. (written) (of thoughts, questions etc.) to fill your mind so that you can think of nothing else涌上心头；涌入脑海be crowded with……被….挤满、充满e.g. Thousands of people crowded the narrow streets.Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding in on her.●support vt.&n支持；拥护support one’s family 养家糊口in support of 支持e.g. He has a large family to support.Only a few people are in support of the proposal.●look down upon/on蔑视；瞧不起e.g. No one likes to be looked down upon.look 短语归纳look round/about 四处查看，寻找look ahead 向前看look into 调查；检查look through 检查；绅士look after 照顾，照看look forward to 期待look out 向外看；注意，小心look up 查找，查阅；向上看●refer vi.谈到；查阅；参考(referred-referred)refer to….as 把。

Section ⅢGrammar——直接引语和间接引语一、基本概念引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。

直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号标出，叫作直接引语。

用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号的叫作间接引语。

直接引语变为间接引语时，需在时态形式、人称代词、指示代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语以及语序等方面作相应的变化。

“I like singing，”she said.(直接引语)→She said she liked singing.(间接引语)她说她喜欢唱歌。

“Don't touch anything，”he said.(直接引语)→He told us not to touch anything.(间接引语)他告诉我们不要碰任何东西。

二、直接引语变为间接引语时各种句式的转换1．引述陈述句时，用连词that引导(that在口语中常被省略。

)，引述动词主要用say，tell，repeat，answer，reply，explain，announce，declare，think等。

He said，“I like it very much.”→He said that he liked it very much.他说他非常喜欢它。

He said，“I've left my book in your room.”→He told me that he had left his book in my room.他告诉我他把书忘在我房间里了。

2．引述一般疑问句或附加疑问句时，通常用whether或if引导，而引述选择疑问句时，一般只能用whether引导，引述动词用asked，语序用陈述句语序。

She said，“Do you like watching the advertisements on TV？”→She asked me if/whether I liked watching the advertisements on TV.她问我是否喜欢看电视上的广告。

人教新课标必修4 Unit 1知识点讲解重点词汇1. achieve【课文原句】She has achieved everything she wanted to do… (P3)【名师点拨】achieve v. 意为“完成；达到”，指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。

其名词形式为achievement，意为“成就；功绩”，a sense of achievement可指“成就感”。

如：He had finally achieved success.Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement.2. condition【课文原句】She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education. (P1)【名师点拨】condition 意为“环境；境况；条件”时，是可数名词，常用复数形式conditions；意为“状态；状况”时，是不可数名词，be in good condition表示“处于良好的状态”，be out of condition表示“健康状况不佳”。

如：We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditions.The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness.My car is old but in good condition.He is overweight and out of condition.【知识拓展】condition意为“条件”时，常用短语on condition that，表示“如果；在……条件下”；在美国英语中，也经常用under the condition that。