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教学过程一、复习预习Yesterday afternoon, when Liu Jun got home after school, he wanted to do some housework. While he was sweeping the floor, his father came back and 1 him doing it. Later when he was 2 TV, his mother came up and turned 3 the TV and said, "You shouldn't waste your 4 . Go to study!"In China, more and more families have only one child. Parents only hope that their children can learn their lessons well so as to find a good job in the future. So they wo n’t let their children do 5 at home. In fact, 6 the child has few chances to practice in their daily life, they will not be 7 to prepare themselves for the future. They can not do anything 8 the help of others. So 9 is not good for the children to learn only the knowledge (知识) from books. They have to learn about life. 10 keep themselves in books only!【答案】1. stopped 2. watching 3. off 4. time 5. housework6. If7. easy8.without9. it 10. Don’t【解析】1. stopped。
初中英语知识点归纳直接引语和间接引语直接引语（Direct Speech）和间接引语（Indirect Speech）是英语语法中重要的知识点。
在日常交流和书面表达中，人们经常使用直接引语和间接引语来引述他人的话语内容。
本文将对直接引语和间接引语进行归纳总结，帮助读者更好地理解和运用这两种引语形式。
一. 直接引语（Direct Speech）直接引语是将别人的原话直接引述出来的表达方式。
它通常使用引号将原话包裹起来，并在引号前后使用逗号或句号作为标点符号。
直接引语的语气直接、生动，可以准确地传递原始信息。
1. 表达方式：Tom said, "I like chocolate."2. 特点：- 使用引号标注原话；- 使用逗号或句号标点；- 保留原话的时态、人称和语气。
3. 例句：a) She asked, "What time is it?"b) He shouted, "Stop!"二. 间接引语（Indirect Speech）间接引语是将别人的话转述成自己的话的表达方式，同时改变动词的时态、人称以及其他相关的语言表达手法。
与直接引语相比，间接引语更加客观，不再保留原始语气和说话者的个人情感。
1. 表达方式：Tom said that he liked chocolate.2. 特点：- 去除引号，没有标点符号的限制；- 改变动词的时态、人称和语气；- 可能需要改变疑问句的语序。
3. 例句：a) She asked what time it was.b) He shouted to stop.三. 直接引语转换为间接引语的规则1. 时态转换：- 一般现在时变为一般过去时；- 现在进行时变为过去进行时；- 一般过去时变为过去完成时；- 现在完成时变为过去完成时；- 将来时变为将来过去时。
2. 人称变化：- 第一人称变为第三人称；- 第二人称不变化；- 第三人称根据实际情况变化。
语法专项—直接引语与间接引语一、直接引语在引用别人的原话时，被引用的句子称为直接引语（direct speech）。
引起引语的词称为引用动词（reporting verbs）。
“I remember I had seen you.”I said.“I rang the bell,”James said,“and your maid let me in.”“I know that.”replied Mrs. Green.二、间接引语当人们用自己的话报导别人的话时，被报导的部分称为间接引语（indirect speech），也可称作引语结构（report structure）。
Mary said she had already seen the film.He replied that he was going by train.这时被引用部分常常是引用动词的宾语。
除了say, reply这类词外，还有很多动词可跟这种从句。
He felt he had to do something.She guessed that he had gone to town.He thought she was worried.He explained that the train wasn’t running.在使用间接引语时要注意下面几点：1．引语前一般要用连词that。
在个别动词后（如say, tell等）或在口语中可省略。
He told his mother that the boy was very naughty.He says he can’t wait another day.2．要根据意思改变人称。
“I’ve got your letter,” she said.→She said to him, “Your pronunciation is better than mine.”→3．引语中的谓语要和句子主要谓语在时态上一致。
Unit1 Grammar Direct speech and Indirect speech (直接引语和间接引语)一、教学内容本节课是人教新课标必修1 Unit1语法――直接引语和间接引语二、教学目标1、理解直接引语和间接引语的概念。
2、理解和掌握直接引语和间接引语转换时人称、时间和时态的变化特点。
三、教学重点和难点直接引语变间接引语人称，时间，时态和地点状语的变化规则。
四、教具准备The multimedia and other normal teaching toolsTeaching procedures(教学过程)Step 1 Lead_inTeacher shows the example of direct speech and indirect speech , and then ask students to discover the difference of two sentencesEg:“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary，said Anne.Anne said that she did not want to set down a series of facts in a diary.Step2 引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语，直接引语通常都用引号“”括起来。
用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫间接引语，间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从。
Step3 直接引语和变间接引语方法At this step, the most important thing for teacher is to explain how to exchange direct speech and indirect speech in declarative sentence.1.不要逗号、冒号、引号。
2.要考虑到人称的变化。
人教课标版必修1 Unit 1 Grammar Direct Speech and IndirectSpeechthe main usages of them. Students often feel grammarvery abstract and boring, so it is necessary to makethe class lively and interesting to arouse the students’interest. Examples and summary should be carefullydesigned in order to make it easy for the students tounderstand and accept the grammar rules.二、教学重点院Summarize the rules of Direct Speech and IndirectSpeech.三、教学难点院Get the students to learn about the special cases inwhich the tenses shouldn’t be changed.四、教学方法院Discussing, summarizing and practising.五、教学目标院1. Get the students to learn and grasp the rules of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech.2. Get the students to be able to use the rules to express their ideas.3. Get the students not to be afraid of grammar learning.4. Get the students to develop their abilities of group cooperation.六、教学过程院Step I Lead in1. T: Last class, we learnt Anne Frank’s story.Whowould like to use the first person to tell us the storyaccording to the sentences on the blackboard?①My name is ____ and my family is ____.②My family and I are hiding in ____.③My only true friend is ____ -my ____.④After ____ here for a long time, I’ve become____ about ____.2. T: I think maybe there is something wrong with my ears. I can’t hear him / her clearly. Who would like to retell what he / she said, using your own words.3. Then write down what they said on the blackboard.①She said, "My name is Anne Frank and my family is Jewish."She said that her name was Anne Frank and her family was Jewish.②She said, "My family and I are hiding in Amsterdam."She said that she and her family were hiding in Amsterdam.③She said,"My only true friend is Kitty -my diary."She said that her only true friend was Kitty -her diary.④She said,"After hiding here for a long time, I’ve become very crazy about nature."She said that after hiding there for a long time, she had become crazy about nature.4. Give the students one minute to discuss with their classmates what the Direct Speech is and what the Indirect Speech is according to the sentences on the blackboard.Possible answers:In Direct Speech, the original speaker’s exact words are given and are indicated by quotation marks.In Indirect Speech, the exact words are not directly quoted.[设计意图] 通过让学生复述本单元的课文导入，然后让他们讨论归纳语法规则，既调动了学生的积极性又活跃了课堂气氛。
高一英语Unit1-2 Direct speech and Indirect speech人教实验版必修1【本讲教育信息】一、教学内容：必修1 Grammar: Direct speech and Indirect speech: statements and questions〔一〕陈述句直接引语变间接引语〔二〕疑问句直接引语变间接引语二、知识精讲：引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一是原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号内,这叫直接引语(Direct speech);一是用自己的话加以转述, 这叫间接引语(Indirect speech).这两种引语都是宾语从句。
观察下面的句子，注意直接引语变为间接引语后，发生了哪些变化。
1) She said to me, “I can’t finish the work today.〞She told me (that) she couldn’t finish the work that day.2) She said to me, “Have you read this book?〞She asked me whether / if I had read that book.3) She said to her father, “How will you come here tomorrow?〞She asked her father how he would go there the next day.4) She said, “He left twenty minutes ago.〞She said (that) he had left twenty minutes before.5) She said, “What are you doing now?〞She asked (me) what I was doing then.小结归纳通过以上例句我们可以发现，直接引语变为间接引语时，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等都需要进展相应的变化。
一、概述引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法：直接引述别人的原话，这叫做直接引语(direct speech)。
用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语(indirect speech)。
一般地讲，直接引语前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号，而用宾语从句来表达。
Mr. Black said, “I'm busy.”布菜克先生说：“我很忙”。
（直接引语）Mr. Black said that he was busy.布菜克先生说他很忙。
（宾语从句是间接引语）直接引语变为间接引语时需要改变1连接词2 时态直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时(不变)一般将来时过去将来时3 语序4 指示代词，时间地点状语直接引语间接引语指示代词this/these that/those时间状语now thentoday that daytonight that nightthis week (month…)that week (month…) yesterday the day beforelast week (month…)the week (month…)before two weeks (month)ago two weeks (months)before tomorrow the next daynext week (month…)the next week (month…)地点状语here there动词come go bring take如果就在当地转述，here就不必改为there, come也不必改为go,如果就在当天转述，yesterday或tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。
直接引语中的一般过去时如与一个具体的过去时间状语连用，间接引语的一般过去时时态不变。
Father said,“I am free this afternoon”父亲说：“我今天下午有空。
英语必修1Unit 1 FriendshipModule 3 Grammar−Direct Speech and Indirect Speech【学习目标】1. To learn the difference between Direct Speech and Indirect Speech.2. To master their usage through cooperation and exploration.【学习重难点】1.To be able to recognize the infinitives and know the exact meanings of them.2.To summarize the rules of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech.3.To be able to use these structures correctly.【学习方法】自主学习与合作探究相结合1．30分钟自学，预习，完成导学案的大约60%.2. 老师与各小组分别讨论，探究并释疑。
3．各小组课堂展示探究讨论的结果.【学习过程】Step I. 课前预习①Jack said, “Please come to my house tomorrow, Mary.”→②Jack asked Mary to go to his house the next day.①“Which room do you live in?”He asked.→②He asked me which room I lived in.观察：例句①直接引述别人的原话，即是直接宾语,例句②用自己的话转述别人的话，即是间接宾语直接引语变间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还有一下变化：1.人称2.时态3. 指示代词4. 时间状语5. 地点状语6. 部分动词Step II. 合作探究一.陈述句1.人称变化: 根据意义进行相应的变化.口诀如下：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新,其中一．二．三．指从句中主语是第一，第二和第三人称一随主：① He said , “I like it very much.”→He said that he liked it very much. (I改为he, it不变)二随宾: ①He said, “You told me this story.”→He said that I had told him that story.(You改为I, me改为him, told改为had told)②She said to Mary ,”How is your brother now?”→She asked Mary how her brother was then.第三人称不更新:①He said to me, “She’s left her book in your room”.→He told me that she had left her book in my room. （She’s→she had， her不变，your→my）小试身手：尝试把下面句子直接引语改成间接引语①They said,“our parents often go shopping with us.”→They said their parents often go shopping with them.②He said to Kate，"How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then.③He said to me, “She’s left her book in your room”.→He told me that she had left her book in my room.2.时态的变化指示代词的变化为this→that，these→those等；时间状语的变化为now→then，today→that day，yesterday→the day before, tomorrow→the next day 等；地点状语的变化为here→there；动词的变化为come→go（go 不要变come）。
