2014年北京外国语大学高级翻译学院814英汉互译(复语)真题及详解【圣才出品】

北京外国语大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2014年(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Ⅰ(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.UNDP（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.OECD countries（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.bailout loans（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.EBITA（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.venture capital（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.telepresence（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.carbon footprint（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.forensic medicine（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.key encryption technology（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.United Arab Emirates（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.extradition treaty（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________12.seismic monitoring（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.procrastination（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.flip phone（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.Mack Daddy（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 二、Ⅱ(总题数：15，分数：15.00)16.大部制（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 17.石油输出国组织（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 18.生物圈（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 19.涨停板（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 20.浮动汇率（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 21.计划免疫（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 22.学生减负（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 23.通识教育（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________24.B超（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________25.自媒体（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________26.土地承载能力（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________27.小产权房（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________28.土豪（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________29.胶原蛋白（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________30.经济适用男（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________三、Ⅲ(总题数：2，分数：60.00)31.Never before had the world such a tremendous scientific-technical potential, such a capacity to generate wealth and well-being. Authentic technological wonders that have made any place in the world to be always close with regard to distances and communications and have not been capable of bringing wellbeing for everybody, but only for a meager 15% living in the countries of the North. The abysm between North and South is now so huge, that the unsustainability of the current economic order and the blindness of the people who try to justify continuing to enjoy opulence and waste, are evident.The great possibilities that a globalization of solidarity and true cooperation could bring to all people in the world through the scientific-technical wonders, have been reduced by the neo-liberal model to this grotesque caricature full of exploitation and social injustice. We were asked to be ultraliberal in trade and to lift any barrier, which may obstruct the imports coming from the North, but the oral champions of free trade actually are the champions in the praxis of protectionism. The North spends 1 billion dollars a day in practicing what has been banned from doing, that is, subsidizing inefficient products. Today, vis-á-vis the obvious failure of neoliberalism and the great threat that the International Economic Order represents for the south, it is necessary to retake the Spirit of the South by forming an alliance among ourselves.（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________32.After months of speculation, the final 22,000-character overview of China"s "third plenum" was published on November 15th. In the economic sphere the document turned out to be bolder than the initial summary suggested, but the document"s interest lies not just in the economic reforms, which were anticipated. More striking were some of thesocial changes the document announced, such as the relaxation of the one-child policy. A couple in which one parent is an only child will be allowed to have two children, and the policy is likely to be loosened even further. In another widely welcomed move, labor camps are to be abolished.But possibly the most important announcements were buried deep in the document and grabbed fewer headlines. Two moves in particular, namely allowing the development of "social organizations" or NGOs in essence and the separation of judicial jurisdiction systems from administrative areas, showed that the party is sensitive to the ferment in Chinese society and the demands for greater liberty and accountability that accompany it.In the past 30 years China has gone from a totalitarian society to one in which people can usually work where they want, marry whom they want, travel where they want (albeit with varying degrees of hassle for those from the countryside and ethnic-minority regions). In ten years internet penetration has gone from minimal to almost universal. Old welfare structures have broken down, with little to take their place. Ordinary people are being empowered by new wealth and participation, through microblogs, and by becoming consumers and property owners. Change is bubbling up from the bottom and the system cannot contain it. That these two gestures towards reform were mentioned at all is encouraging, and the world is keen to know whether Chinese leadership will honor their words in the plenary document that they "Dare to gnaw through even tough bones, dare to ford dangerous rapids, break through the fetters of ideological concepts with even greater resolution."（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________四、Ⅳ(总题数：2，分数：60.00)33.近年来，海淀区围绕高新技术产业的技术创新和公共科技服务需求，加速各种创新要素的聚集，不断完善科技服务业，基本形成了研发设计、成果转移转化、创新创业、科技金融和科技咨询等科技服务业的完整链条，有效促进了科技成果的转化和产业化。

北京外国语大学2014年硕士研究生入学考试试题招生专业：英语同声传译科目名称：英汉互译（考试时间3小时，满分150分，全部写在答题纸上，答在试题页上无效）一、将下列段落译为汉语（25分）In the pre-modern era, political, economic, and social life was governed by a dense web of interlocking relationships inherited from the past and sanctified by religion. Limited personal freedom and material benefits existed alongside a mostly unquestioned social solidarity. Traditional local orders began to erode with the rise of capitalism in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, as the increasing prevalence and dominance of market relationships broke down existing hierarchies. The shift produced economic and social dynamism, an increase in material benefits and personal freedoms, and a decrease in communal feeling. As this process continued, the first modern political ideology, classical liberalism, emerged to celebrate and justify it.Liberalism stressed the importance of the rule of law, limited government, and free commercial transactions. It highlighted the manifold rewards of moving to a world dominated by markets rather than traditional communities, a shift the economic historian Karl Polanyi would call “the great transformation.” But along with the gains came losses as well—of a sense of place, of social and psychological stability, of traditional bulwarks against life’s vicissitudes.Left to itself, capitalism produced long-term aggregate benefits along with great volatility and inequality. This combination resulted inwhat Polanyi called a “double movement,” a progressive expansion of both market society and reactions against it. (211）二、将下列短文译为汉语（50分）The European Union was established with a legal treaty and is founded on the principle of the rule of law. This concept centers on a set of rules governing all society's processes and interactions and being above all society's institutions and organizations. The rules or laws set the moral and ethical standards by which the behaviour of members of society and organizations are judged. For the rule of law and thereby civil society to flourish, it requires the citizens of a country to respect and trust legal processes, and the law to be applied in a consistent way to all. This gives people a feeling of inclusiveness and optimism about their future. The European Union's Governance for Equitable Development (GED) project, implemented by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) from 2007 to 2012, has assisted China to benefit from knowledge of Europe’s developed legal system and civil society through technical exchange, research and knowledge sharing.As people’s incomes grow and materi al living standards rise, their expectations about the quality of life, participation in civil society, protection of property and individual rights increase. Meeting these expectations for a better life in a rapidly urbanizing society with a still significant rural population is one of the key challenges facing China today. This is where the GED project has supported China in moving to a more equitable, inclusive and vibrant civil society, based on the rule of law.The project has worked with three key Chinese agencies, the National Peoples’ Congress, the Supreme People’s Court and the Ministry of Civil Affairs on topics ranging from law drafting and court efficiency to registration of civil society organizations. The project has produced remarkable results over five years, leading to an improved environment for civil society to flourish in China, increased citizen participation in law making, reduced barriers to seeking justice, increased transparency and efficiency of selected courts and progress in the consistency of court decisions. (321)三、将下列段落译为英语（25分）当今世界，和平、发展、合作是时代潮流更加强劲，但同时人类社会也面临着前所未有的挑战。

真题解析北外高翻学院2011真题解析真题第一段It is not a coincidence that the global economy is experiencing the most severe case of unemployment during the worst economic crisis since the GreatDepression.//Unemployment is highly dependent on economic activity;in fact,growth and unemployment can be thought of as two sides of the same coin:/when economic activity is high,more production happens overall, and more people are needed to produce the higher amount of goods and services.//And when economic activity is low,firms cut jobs and unemployment rises./In that sense,unemployment is countercyclical,meaning that it rises when economic growth is low and vice versa.第二段But unemployment does not fall in lockstep with an increase in growth./It is more common for businesses to first try to recover from a downturn by having the same number of employees do more work or turn out more products—that is,to increase their productivity.Only as the recovery takes hold would businesses add workers.As a consequence,unemployment may start to come down only well after an economic recovery begins.//The phenomenon works in reverse at the start of a downturn,when firms would rather reduce work hours,or impose some pay cuts before they let workers go.Unemployment starts rising only if the downturn is prolonged. /Becauseunemployment follows growth with a delay,it is called a lagging indicator of economic activity.解析第一段It is not a coincidence that the global economy is experiencing the most severe case of unemployment during the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression.在这次自大萧条以来最严重的经济危机中,全球经济正在经历着最为严重的就业困难,而这并不是一个巧合而已。

北京外国语大学--高翻院众所周知，北外公布了19年硕士招生考试不再考察二外了。

所以，今年报考北外的考生应该是有所增加。

那么，今天再来了解一下北外高翻院的相关课程。

复语同声传译方向硕士课程（MA）复语型翻译是指译员至少掌握三门语言，即A语言、B语言和C语言或者A语言和至少两门C语言，并能应用这三门语言从事会议同声传译和其它类型口笔译工作。

复语型翻译在欧盟范围内广泛应用，主要得益于欧盟的多语言环境和对多语种翻译的需求。

随着中国在世界经济和政治事务中发挥越来越重要的作用，尤其是随着“”一带一路“战略的推进，中国对复语型翻译人才的需求不断增加，国际组织和欧盟对汉语为A语言的复语型翻译人才的需求也在不断增加。

北京外国语大学高级翻译学院于2007年设立翻译理论与实践复语同声传译专业方向，旨在培养复语型会议口译人才，以弥补国内复语型翻译人才的缺口。

目前该专业涵盖德语、法语、俄语、西班牙语和韩语方向，并吸引了来自德国、加拿大、西班牙、意大利的留学生。

专业培养目标能够从事以汉语和英语为主要语言或者以汉语和德语、法语、俄语、西班牙语或韩语为主要语言的会议口译工作，满足国内外对汉语为A语言的复语型会议口译人才的需求。

同声传译方向课程（MA）高翻学院同声传译方向课程继承了联合国译员训练班(部)的教学传统，注重知识积累、语言能力的提高和翻译技能的培养。

经过多年的磨砺发展，我院形成了一套有特色的精品课程，包括英汉笔译、汉英笔译、口译基础、英汉交替传译、汉英交替传译、英汉/汉英视译、英汉同声传译、汉英同声传译、百科知识、写作方法和翻译理论等。

其中的翻译课采用模块化教学，涵盖政治、经济、法律、卫生、科技、气候变化、文化艺术等多个专题，以便在传授翻译技巧的同时，构建学生的知识体系。

百科知识课要求学生阅读不同专业领域的基础性中英文著作，以提高学生的语言表达能力、了解不同学科的知识框架。

口笔译板块和知识课板块之间相互协调、良性互动，形成有机整体；语言、知识、技能三管齐下，为学生成长为优秀译员打下坚实基础。

北京外国语大学英语学院考研介绍一、英院导师介绍英语系陈辉陈兰芳陈亚平程静英戴宁董宜坤窦薇杜学增付美榕耿力平龚雁郭棲庆郭世英郭亚玲何其莘侯毅凌胡丹黄俊贾宁金莉金利民蓝纯李元李朝晖李建军李今朝李莉文李期铿李又文梁昊林岩刘波刘枫刘葵兰陆培敏马海良马丽媛梅仁毅潘志明邱枫邱瑾申昌英沈毅石同云宋颖宋云峰孙有中陶家俊滕继萌王文丽王小梅王小英王元陆王展鹏王镇平魏峥吴一安夏燕夏玉和谢韬谢登攀徐克容闫循华杨莉芳杨立民杨雪燕伊蕊易炎俞露张峰张剑张莲张春波张笑一张在新张中载赵冬钟美荪周炜周杜娟二、英院考研目录考研政治答题顺序及技巧在这最后的时间里，最重要的已经不再是你备考到深夜几点，而是一定要保持“头脑清醒、情绪平稳”，最后的一周，最好不要再熬夜复习了，而是要随着考试的时间把自己的生物钟调整好，保持平稳的心态，以利于在考试答题时达到最佳的精神状态。

同时，在考场上，除了将平时自己掌握的知识内容进行充分发挥外，答题过程中的一些小技巧也是不容忽视的，掌握了这些技巧，在加上平时的知识积累，可以让我们的最后的考试成绩达到推波助澜的作用。

考研辅导老师根据多年辅导经历，为大家总结了以下考场经验，供广大考生参考，希望对大家能起到指导作用。

一、答题顺序，掌握“按序做题、先易后难”的原则考研政治一共是三十八题，这三十八题的排列顺序基本上由易到难，分数也是由低分到高分：单项选择题每题1分，这部分考查的大多是记忆的内容；第二部分多项选择题每题2分，除了记忆的知识点，这部分还考查考生理解的能力；最后的分析题是10分每题，也是相对最难的一部分，可以说这部分是记忆、理解和应用能力的综合考查。

一般同学刚刚开始答题的时候进入不了高潮，没有到达“兴奋点”，因此要先做简单的，这三个题型中最简单的就是单项选择题，随着答题时间的推移，就会慢慢进入兴奋点，所以最好是按照题目本身的顺序来做。

但在这里也要说明，由于每个人的情况不同，所以考生也要依据个人的水平，总之就是先做自己有把握的试题。

2014年考研英语真题参考答案（翻译题） 2014年硕⼠研究⽣⼊学考试已经结束，为了⼤家更好的估分，店铺考研频道为您第⼀时间发布2014年英语考研真题及答案解析，欢迎⼤家阅读参考。

关注本⽹站栏⽬及栏⽬，了解最新科⽬解析动态。

2014年考研英语考试已结束，2014年考研英语翻译题参考答案，⼀起来看看吧! 2014年的考研英语终于在今天下午落下帷幕，今年的翻译题难度基本与往年持平，对于有些同学来说或略有简单。

预计平均分会等于或⾼于往年，下⾯我们逐个分析翻译的句⼦： 46. It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it and not grasp music itself. 此句考察的主要是it形式主语和时间状语从句，注意articulate our reactions to it的翻译，此处可理解为清楚的表达对⾳乐的反应，其他的部分我们⽐较好理解。

参考答案：这也是为什么当我们尝试⽤语⾔来描述⾳乐时，我们能清楚的表达对⾳乐的反应，但并没有领会⾳乐的精髓。

47. By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let along the performance, of his works. 此句考察的是并列句与插⼊语，我们可以逐个翻译and链接的语群，重点理解by all accounts: 据⼤家所说。

let along the performance：更不⽤说表演，根据语境我们可以与作品⼀起翻译为：他作品和他演出。

2012年北京外国语大学高级翻译学院814英汉互译（复语）真题及详解招生专业：外国语言学及应用语言学科目名称：英汉互译(复语)(考试时间3小时，满分150分，全部写在答题纸上，答在试题页上无效)一、将下列段落译为汉语（25分）Print books may be under siege from the rise of e-books,but they have a tenacious hold on a particular group:children and toddlers.Their parents are insisting this next generation of readers spend their early years with old-fashioned books.This is the case even with parents who themselves are die-hard downloaders of books onto Kindles,iPads,laptops and phones.They freely acknowledge their digital double standard,saying they want their children to be surrounded by print books,to experience turning physical pages as they learn about shapes,colors and animals.Parents also say they like cuddling up with their child and a book,and fear that a shiny gadget might get all the attention.Also,if little Joey is going to spit up, a book may be easier to clean than a tablet computer.As the adult book world turns digital at a faster rate than publishers expected, sales of e-books for titles aimed at children under8have barely budged.They represent less than5percent of total annual sales of children’s books,several publishers estimated,compared with more than25percent in some categories of adult books.Many print books are also bought as gifts,since the delights of anAmazon gift card are lost on most6-year-olds.(210)【参考译文】电子书的兴起也许正在威胁实体书，但后者依然保有一个特别的读者群，即少年儿童。

1/8【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 12015年考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。

更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。

北京外国语大学（原题）汉语写作和百科知识一、词语解释：鲧弗洛伊德地球日地球村川端康成的三部代表作三一律杜甫的三吏金文欧盟佛教四大名山中国四大发明四大文明古国两河流域古希腊三大悲剧诗人2/8【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 2明清之际三大思想家二、应用文：考察的是广告说明文写作。

选择自己最熟悉的一件商品，以商家身份对其进行介绍。

三、作文题目：以“每天的太阳都是新的”为题，结合变化，从个人和社会角度进行分析。

不少于800字。

提高暑假复习效率的三个万能定律一、鲶鱼效应：一个"竞争"的复习环境很久以前，挪威人从深海捕捞的沙丁鱼，总是还没到达海岸都已经口吐白沫。

然而，有一3/8【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站：3条渔船却总能带着活鱼上岸。

这是为什么呢？后来，人们才发现原来那条渔船在沙丁鱼槽里放进了鲶鱼。

鲶鱼是沙丁鱼的天敌，鲶鱼不断地追逐沙丁鱼，沙丁鱼拼命游动，激发了其内部的活力，从而活了下来。

这就是"鲶鱼效应"。

"鲶鱼效应"告诉我们：竞争可以激发人们内在的活力。

对于考研的人来说，一个人闷头复习，经常会出现疲倦、无聊等反应。

而这对于复习来说，都是致命的大敌，将会严重影响复习的效率。

那么如果刺激自己，激活自己的内在活力呢？让我们在复习当中引进一条"鲶鱼"吧。

我们复习时，可以找一个复习伙伴。

当然，这个伙伴最好是学习比较努力、学习成绩和自己差不多或者比自己略好的人。

2014年北京外国语大学357英语翻译基础真题及详解I. Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points, 1 point each):1. UNDP【答案】联合国开发计划署（United Nations Development Programme）2. OECD countries【答案】经济合作与发展组织（Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development）成员国3. bailout loans【答案】紧急援助贷款；救济融资；拯救性贷款4. EBITA【答案】息税摊销前利润（Earnings before Interest, T axes and Amortization）5. venture capital【答案】风险投资；风险资本6. telepresence【答案】思科网真；远程监控；远端临场；远程呈现7. carbon footprint【答案】碳足迹；碳排放量8. forensic medicine【答案】法医学9. key encryption technology 【答案】密钥加密技术10. United Arab Emirates 【答案】阿拉伯联合酋长国11. extradition treaty【答案】引渡条约12. seismic monitoring【答案】地震监测13. procrastination【答案】拖延（症）14. flip phone【答案】翻盖式移动电话15. Mack Daddy【答案】万人迷II. Translate the following terms into English (15 points; 1 point each): 1. 大部制【答案】Giant department; Super-Ministry System2. 石油输出国组织【答案】Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)3. 生物圈【答案】biosphere; ecosphere4. 涨停板【答案】raising limit5. 浮动汇率【答案】floating exchange rate6. 计划免疫【答案】planned immunity; planned immunization7. 学生减负【答案】to reduce study load; alleviate the burden on students8. 通识教育【答案】liberal education; general education9. B超【答案】B-mode ultrasonography; B-ultrasound10. 自媒体【答案】we-media; self-media11. 土地承载能力【答案】land carrying capacity; land bearing capacity12. 小产权房【答案】limited property house; houses with limited property rights13. 土豪【答案】Tu-hao; upstart; local tyrant14. 胶原蛋白【答案】collagen15. 经济适用男【答案】budget husband; economical and applicable manIII. Translate the following terms into English (15 points; 1 point each):1. Never before had the world such a tremendous scientific-technical potential, such a capacity to generate wealth and well-being. Authentic technological wonders that have made any place in the world to be always close with regard to distances and communications have not been capable of bringing well-being for everybody, but only for a meager 15% living in the countries of the North. The abysm between North and South is now so huge, that the unsustainability of the current economic order and the blindness of the people who try to justify continuing to enjoy opulence and waste, are evident.The great possibilities that a globalization of solidarity and true cooperation could bring to all people in the world through the scientific-technical wonders, have been reduced by the neo-liberal model to this grotesque caricature full of exploitation and social injustice. We were asked to be ultraliberal in trade and to lift any barrier, which may obstruct the imports coming from the North, but the oral champions of free trade actually are the champions in the praxis of protectionism.The North spends one billion dollars a day in practicing what has been banned from doing, that is, subsidizing inefficient products. Today, vis-a-vis the obvious failure of neoliberalism and the great threat that the International Economic Order represents for the South, it is necessary to retake the Spirit of the South by forming an alliance among ourselves.【参考译文】世界从未像现在这样具有如此惊人的科技潜力和创造财富与幸福的能力。

2014年北京语言大学翻译笔译考研经验一、考研科目招生人数二、初试常考题型及真题解析一、翻译硕士英语(100)1.1词汇语法单项选择1.5×20=30分题型：可参考专四词汇语法及外国语言学及应用语言学基础英语词汇语法部分难度：词汇介于专四到专八之间参考书目：英语专业4级语法与词汇星火英语•英语专业考研考点精梳与精练(基础英语)说明：参考书目仅仅供参考因人而异。

我只是当初在书店偶然觉得这两本的词汇语法部分，跟大纲上的题很像。

基础英语难度太大了。

北语貌似不会考那么难的。

1.2 阅读理解2×20=40题型：共4篇文章。

前两篇文章10道题为单项选择，跟市面各种阅读理解是一样的。

后两篇文章10道题为回答问题。

参考书目：这个阅读就行，难度不好说，我个人认为今年文章比题复杂。

说明：文章体裁挺丰富的。

准备的时候各种都得看看吧。

回答问题那部分基本上都可以从原文找出或者经过稍微的总结。

这个我没找到合适的参考，当时也没准备。

1.3 写作30分题型：按专八写作准备吧。

参考书目：英语专业八级考试精品范文100篇外文出版社。

二、英语翻译基础1.1 词语翻译题型：15个英译汉15个汉译英，共30分。

缩略词熟语什么的参考书目：最新汉英特色词汇词典1.2 英译汉& 汉译英题型：一篇英文，一篇中文，各60分。

大众文体，英译汉是跟经济危机有关的演讲；汉译英是温总理在世博闭幕上的讲话，都是节选。

三、汉语写作与百科知识1.1 名词解释题型：2.5×20=50分什么类的都有。

就按照大纲往下扒吧。

根据这两年的总结，你可以发现。

真题是跟着大纲思路走的。

所以还是把大纲研究明白先。

一些要考这个的同学。

经常会问一些稀奇古怪的问题，包括这些大纲上就写着明明白白的。

我当初，没人可以问，没人跟我讲。

都是一点一点摸索出来的。

极其鄙视网上那些诸如这个是几年制啊，去年分数线是多少啊某某题是多少分啊这种没有任何技术含量的问题。