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宾语从句一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。
I like my teacher.（名词作宾语)I know him .（代词作宾语）I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作宾语）包含宾语从句的句子结构：主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句二、宾语从句三要素（一）连接词①that 用于一般陈述句之中Eg: You are right. -- > I think you are right.②whether/if 用于一般疑问句之中whether/if的区别：A.与or not连用只能用whetherB.介词后只能用whetherC.与to do不定式连用只能用whetherD.作主语放句首只能用whether用于条件状语从句中，当“如果”讲只能用ifEg: Are you right ? -- > I wonder whether / if you are right.③连接代词who whom whose what which （做adj.）连接副词when why where how用于特殊疑问句之中Eg: What did you do ? -- She asked what you had done ?（二）语序：陈述句语序即：陈述句结构（主+谓+连接词+主+谓+其他成分）She asked what you had done ?三、时态(时态一致性）1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是任意时态。
2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。
例如：3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，即使主句用了过去时，从句仍用现在时态。
四、宾语从句与简单句的转换①当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, agree, choose 等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。
宾语从句【直接引语变间接引语】直接引语变间接引语就是将引语部分写成宾语从句或动词不定式短语，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句的语序。
句型变化：(注意引导词)B.2、主句是一般过去时态时，从句时态用相应的过去时。
3、若从句为客观理论、自然现象或永恒不变的规律时，不受主句时态限制，从句仍用一般现在时。
C. 人称变化：如果直接引语中的人称是转述人本身，必须改为与转述人一致的人称代词。
“一随主，二随宾，三不变”1. She said, “My brother wants to go with me.”( She said her brother wanted to go with her.)2. He said to Kate, “How is your sister now?”( He asked Kate how her sister was then. )3. Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a good worker.”(Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker)D. 时间状语变化：1. now → then2. this year → that year3. yesterday → the day before4. last week → the week before5. three days ago → three days before6. tomorrow → the next day7. next week → the week after 8. today → that day9. ago→ before st night → the night before11.the day before yesterday →two days beforeE. 其它：this → that, these → those, here → there, come → go.Bring →take(注意：表中这些情况，要根据具体情况而定，不可机械照搬。
者某些形容词的宾语。
由于宾语从句涉及到引导词、语序、时态等多方面的内容，所以宾语从句的用法一直是学习的重点难点。
本文对宾语从句的用法进行了详尽讲解并附有专项练习，现分述如下：一•宾语从句的定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。
谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。
有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。
二•宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：连词：that （that 常可省略）,whether, if代词：who, whose, what ,which畐H词：when ,where, how, why 等。
（一）that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略）1.可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest,hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report 等。
例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets ・2•引导宾语从句的that在下列情况下一般不省略：（1）・宾语从句前有插入语。
如：We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us.恰恰相反，我们希望他和我们呆在家里。
（2）. 有间接宾语时。
如：He told me that he was leaving for Japan. 他告诉我他要去日本。
初中宾语从句一、定义宾语从句是英语复合句中非常重要的从句之一，也是初中阶段要求重点掌握的从句。
宾语从句属于名词性从句，是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语。
宾语从句一般做介词或及物动词的宾语，如：We all expect that they will win.我们所有人都盼着他们能赢。
（动宾）We are talking about whether we should keep the money.我们正在讨论是否应该收下这笔钱。
（介宾）二、宾语从句的连接词宾语从句的引导词很多样，基本涵盖了从句中涉及的所有引导词，可分为从1. 若主句是现在时的某种时态（一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），宾语从句不受限制，可以根据实际情况随意穿越，如：I remember he gave me a book yesterday.我记得他昨天给了我一本书。
He has told me that he will leave for Shanghai next week.他已经告诉我下周他就要动身去上海了。
2. 若主句是过去时的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么宾语从句一般要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时），如：I only knew he was studying in a western country.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书。
My teacher told me that Mrs. Rosemary had been back to Australia already.我的老师告诉我，Rosemary夫人已经回澳大利亚了。
He told me that he would take part in the high jump.他告诉我他将会参加跳高。
3. 若从句是一个客观真理,那么从句用一般现在时，不根据主句的时态而变化，如：He told me that the earth goes around the sun.（真理）他告诉我地球围着太阳转。
宾语从句知识全解1. 宾语从句的理解常见的宾语有两种情况，一是名词或代词，二是介词+名词或代词（介宾）如：I miss you/my friend （其中you/my friend 就是代词/名词）He is looking at me/my face （其中at me/my face 介词+名词或代词） 结论:一般情况下，宾语都是一个词/介词+一个词 在观察以下句子 I don ’t know you （原来是一个词当宾语）I don ’t know if you are right （现在是一个句子）结论:将宾语变为一句话的句子就是宾语从句2. 宾语从句的判断思考：英语句子有很多！怎么判断哪些是宾语从句呢？技巧：常见的宾语从句情况有两种结论:记住两种情况一是动词+句子，二是介词+句子，两种即为宾语从句3. 宾语从句的引导词的理解思考：宾语从句为什么需要引导词？不用引导词不是更加简单？语言的作用是用简洁清晰表达想表达的，为什么要加引导词增加复杂程度？我们对比以下两个句子，找一下答案：I don ’t know he is a student.（先不考虑可以省略的情况）(对于一个句子只有一个动词的原则，这里出现了两个动词，一个句子不可能出现两个动词，而又没有连接词，容易让读者产生误会，认为这句话有语法错误。
)I don ’t know that he is a student.(整个句子虽然有两个动词，但是因为第二个句子开头有一个引导词“that ”（其作用相当于连接词）连接，符合一个句子一个动词原则即，句子+连接词+句子)结论：引导词有代替连接词的作用，可以帮助读者理解句子的结构动词+句子I don ’t know if you are right. 介词+句子 We are talking about if it will rain tomorrow. 宾语从句1.判断以下句子哪个是宾语从句（）A.Teacher told that the sun is bigger than the moon to us.B.I have hated him since I was five.C. The children go to school by car every day.D.I met the man who is my friend’s uncle yesterday at school.解析：根据一是动词+句子，二是介词+句子的两种情况，只有A选项符合以上的情况。
宾语从句专项讲解及练习（有答案）宾语从句一、基本概念定义：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、宾语从句分类动词的宾语从句e.g.He asked whose handwriting was the best.介词的宾语从句e.g.It depends on whether it is going to rain.形容词的宾语从句,即系词+心理状态形容词+宾语e.g I am afraid that he can't finish the work.三、宾语从句用法详解1.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。
即主语+谓语的顺序。
如：I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when we’ll hav e the meeting.注意：在宾语从句中带有特殊疑问词但句序不变的句子：What’s the matter?What’s your trouble?What’s your problem?What’s up?What’s your name?典型例题1.Can you tell me ____?A .whom do we have to see B. whom we have to see2. The teacher asked the students ____.A. what they were doingB. what were they doing3. She wants to know____.A. where does he liveB. Where he lives4. Her father asked _____.A. who the tallest isB. who is the tallest5.Do you know ____?A. what is on the desk B . what on the desk is答案：BABBA2.宾语从句的时态1）. 若主句时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。
初中宾语从句练习宾语从句的用法一、主句是一般现在时,从句可用任何时态根椐主句中的谓语动词，决定从句动作发生主句前后关系，所用时态。
I think that she will finish reading that book in two days 我想她两天后看完那本书.二、主句是过去式时，从句必须用过去时的形式1．一般过去式He told me that Jim returned his book to him last Sunday。
他告诉我吉姆上星期天把他的书还他了。
2．过去进行时She said she was writing to her friend at this time yesterday. 她说她昨天这时候正在给她的朋友写信。
3．过去将来时He asked when they would leave the next week。
他问他们下个星期什么时候出发。
4．过去完成时She said she had known him since two years ago。
她说她自从两年前就认识他.5．如从句是客观真理时,用一般现在时She told us the earth moves around the sun.她告诉我们地球围绕太阳转。
The teacher said Japan is the east of China. 老师讲日本位于中国的东部。
三、宾语从句三种形式1．陈述句，前用引导词that，但经常省略I hear （that) he will help you with your French。
我听说他将帮忙你的法语.Lily knew （that）Tom had gone to London by air。
莉莉知道汤姆坐飞机去伦敦了.2．从句是一般疑问时,前用if或whetherHe asked if she liked swimming. 他问她是否喜欢游泳。
He asked me whether Mike came to school by bike or on foot。
宾语从句详细解析及精选练习题宾语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它在实际语言运用中经常出现，是语言表达的重要组成部分。
宾语从句通常出现在主句中作为宾语，其结构为“连接词+从句”。
常见的连接词有that, if, whether, how, when, where, why等。
宾语从句由一个主语和谓语组成，它的语序与主语从句的语序相同。
下面我们将详细解析宾语从句，并提供相应的练习题目。
一、宾语从句的种类1. 引导宾语从句的连接词(1) 引导宾语从句的连接词that：常用于陈述句中，做动词、形容词、副词等的宾语从句。
例如：I know that you are a good student.（我知道你是一个好学生。
）He said that he would come tomorrow.（他说他明天要来。
）(2) 引导宾语从句的连接词if / whether：用于是否疑问句中。
例如：I don't know if / whether he will come to the party.（我不知道他是否会来参加派对。
）We asked if / whether we could go to the beach.（我们问能否去海滩。
）(3) 引导宾语从句的连接词how：用于问方式的疑问句中。
例如：I don't know how to do this.（我不知道怎么做。
）Can you tell me how to get to the station?（你能告诉我去车站怎么走吗？）(4) 引导宾语从句的连接词when / where / why：分别用于问时间、地点和原因的疑问句中。
例如：I don't remember when we met.（我不记得我们是什么时候见的面。
）Do you know where he lives?（你知道他住在哪里吗？）I don't know why he didn't come.（我不知道他为什么没来。
宾语从句（The Object Clause）定义：在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词后，充当宾语成分的句子。
★宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。
一. 宾语从句的引导词（连接词）。
根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。
1.由that引导的宾语从句。
当宾语从句是陈述句时，连词由that引导，当that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
可跟由that引导的宾语从句的动词有say, think, sure, wish, hope, know, see, believe, agree, expect, feel, hear, prefer, request, require, report,mean等。
例句：She knows (that) Tom is ill.他说他昨晚很早就睡了。
Which season is it? What’s this?What does the sign mean?▲that 不能省的两种情况：(1)当that作介词except ,in的宾语时。
例句：They believe in that she must win.除了他是美国人，我对他一无所知。
(2)用it作形式宾语时,it放在think, find, believe, feel, make等词后作为形式宾语，that引导宾语从句移到句子后部。
我听说她下个月会结婚。
2.由whether,if 引导的宾语从句当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。
例句：I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
1. I want to know __________________________________.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2. Ask him _____________________. （他是否能来）3. I don’t know ___________________________.（是否要下雨）▲但在下列情况下只能用whether：（1）在具有选择意义，有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether.（2）在不定式前用whether：（3）在介词后面：(4)宾语从句提前时：3. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。
宾语从句讲解及练习宾语从句：动词或动词词组之后加的作宾语的句子叫宾语从句。
主要考点：语序，时态，疑问词。
一、宾语从句的语序，要用陈述语序。
那么什么是陈述语序呢？所有动词放在主语之后。
（若有do,does,did作助动词时要省略，否定形式不能省。
）尤其要注意:既是疑问语序，又是陈述语序的句子------- What’s wrong?/what’s the matter?/what’s the trouble ?What’s happening (to sb)?不能说成what are you happening? What happened (to sb)?不能说成what did you happen?二、从句时态：从句时态与主句保持时间段的一致。
.宾语从句一定要注意时态呼应，即：当主句谓语动词是过去式时，从句中谓语动词也要用过去范畴的时态，但若从句陈述的是真理或客观规律，其谓语的时态仍用一般现在时，如：注意：Could you (please )......?不做为过去时态。
三、宾语从句的疑问词，（1）疑问词永远放在第一位，（2）疑问词的选择要根据问句或答语来选，四、whether和if都有“是否”的意思，一般情况下两者可以换用，但在介词之后，不定式之前，与or not连用，在句首或在引导表语从句，同位语从句时，只能用whether,如：I want to know if/whether the news is true. He doesn't know whether to stay or not?五、方法：用排除法按以上三步骤的顺序来做，先看语序，再看时态，最后看疑问词。
1.Have you decided ________for Australia?A. when will you leaveB. when do you leaveC. you will leave whenD. when you will leave2.Can you tell me _________ ?A. where does Tom liveB. where Tom livedC. Tom lives whereD. where Tom lives3.The old man asked me ________ .A. where was the cinemaB. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema wasD. where was the way to the cinema4.I think _______ you will like him.A. thatB. ifC. whyD. how5.I didn’t know _______ he will come or not.A. thatB. whetherC. weatherD. how6.I wonder _________ .A. how much cost these shoesB. how much do these shoes costC. how much these shoes costD. how much are these shoes cost7.She asked me _________ .A. who he wasB. who was heC. who is heD. who he is8.Ask him _________ .A. whose cup this isB. whose cup is thisC. this is whose cupD. whose is this cup9.I don’t know _________ .A. what time the movie startsB. what time starts the movieC. the time to start the movieD. the movie what time starts10.The doctor asked me how long ________ .A. was I illB. have I been illC. I have been illD. I had been ill11.The weather forecast doesn’t say _________.A. if it rains tomorrowB. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrowD. if will it rain tomorrow12.Do you know _________?A. whose pen is thisB. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong toD. whom the pen belong to13.Could you tell me where _________?A. the tape wasB. was the tapeC. the tape isD. is the tape14.They want to know _________?A. where is the hospitalB. how old are youC. when the train will leaveD. why is the boy crying15.Tony wanted to know _________.A. what had Father Christmas put in his stockingB. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC. what Father Christmas had put in his stockingD. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking16.No one knows _______ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not.A. whenB. whetherC. whereD. if17.July didn’t know_________.A. where is Tim’s fatherB. when was the firs t watch madeC. who the old man isD. what was wrong with her watch18.No one told us _________, so we need your help.A. how should we doB. what we should doC. what to doD. what should we do19.We don’t know _________ with the rubbish and it pollutes o ut land and sea.A. how do itB. how to doC. what do itD. what to do20.He asked me _________.A. whether I find out the sender of the moneyB. whether did I find out the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender of the money found outD. whether I found out the sender of the money21. Did you hear ______?A. what did I sayB. what I saidC. I said whatD. what I say22. Can you tell me ________?A. which class you are inB. which class are you inC. you are in which classD. are you in which class23. ---Excuse me. Could you tell me _______? --- Certainly.A. when can I get to the stationB. I can get to which stationC. which station can I get toD. how I can get to the station24. Could you tell me where _______ yesterday?A. did you goB. you goC. you have goneD. you went25. Tom asked me ________.A. whose shirt was thisB. whose shirt this wasC. who shirt was thisD. who shirt this was26. Excuse me, could you tell me _______?A. where’s the teachers’ officeB. where’s the bus stationC. what’s she doingD. where the post office is27. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I don’t know _______.A. she lives whereB. she where livesC. where she livesD. where does she live28. --- Go and ask Mr. White for help. --- But I don’t know _______.A. where does he liveB. where he livesC. where is he livingD. he lives there29. --- Can you tell me ______? --- Yes, he lives in a small town.A. where he livesB. who is singingC. when he will leaveD. what he said30. Have you decided ______ for London?A. when will you leaveB. when you will leaveC. when are you goingD. when you are going31. Excuse me. Could you tell me ______our tickets?A. where do we showB. where shall we showC. where did we showD. where we shall show32. --- What are you interested in about cooking food? --- We are all interested in ______.A. how egg is friedB. how is egg friedC. how egg friesD. how does egg fry33. Do you know _______?A. what it isB. what is itC. who is heD. whose name is it34. Do you know _______?A. whose book is thisB. whose book this isC. this book is whoseD. who’s book this is35. I don’t know ______ now.A. where is my catB. my cat is whereC. where my cat isD. where my cat36. Does he know ______?A. what’s your nameB. what name is yourC. what your i s nameD. what your name is37. Do you know ______?A. which floor he livesB. which floor he lives onC. he lives on which floorD. which floor does he lives on38. Can you tell me where _______?A. is the hospitalB. the hospital isC. is hospitalD. hospital is39. He hasn’t decided _______.A. if he’ll go on a trip to WuxiB. when will he go on a trip to WuxiC. if he goes on a trip to WuxiD. when does he go on a trip to Wuxi40. Can you see ________?A. what he’s readingB. what is he readingC. what does he readD. he reads what。
