【机械类文献翻译】步进电机的工作原理

步进电机工作原理
步进电机是一种控制精度较高的电机，它的工作原理是通过对电机的电流进行精确控制来实现旋转。

步进电机通常由一个固定的磁体和一个旋转的转子组成。

固定磁体中有若干个磁极，而转子上也有相应的磁极。

这些磁极的排列方式决定了电机的工作方式。

步进电机的转动是通过改变电流的方向和大小来实现的。

当电流通过固定磁体时，会产生一个磁场，这个磁场会与转子上的磁场相互作用，从而使得转子旋转到一个新的位置。

当电流的方向和大小改变时，转子也会相应地改变位置。

为了精确定位，步进电机通常会将转子分为几个等距的位置，每个位置都与一个特定的电流模式相对应。

通过改变电流的方式，可以使转子逐步移动到下一个位置，从而实现精确的旋转。

步进电机的转子移动是离散的，而不是连续的。

这意味着它可以精确定位，并且不需要使用传统的位置反馈设备来监测转子的位置。

步进电机适用于需要精确控制和定位的应用，如打印机、数控机床和机器人等。

总之，步进电机通过精确控制电流来实现转子的旋转，从而实现精确的位置控制。

它的工作原理基于磁场的相互作用，使得转子可以按照离散的步进来旋转。

步进电机的原理是什么
步进电机是一种电动机，其工作原理是通过电磁理论和磁场相互作用产生转动力，并且能够精确控制角度和位置。

步进电机以其结构简单、控制方便、运行平稳等特点，在各种自动控制系统中得到广泛应用。

步进电机的核心部件是定子和转子。

定子包括主磁极、副磁极和定子绕组，而转子则包括永磁体和转子绕组。

当电流通过定子绕组时，产生的磁场会与永磁体产生相互作用，从而使得转子受到电磁力的作用而转动。

步进电机的工作原理可以分为两种：单相激励和双相激励。

在单相激励中，通过定子绕组的两相电流依次通电，每一相都会产生一个磁场，根据磁场的相互作用来驱动转子旋转。

而在双相激励中，同时通电两相，使得转子不断地根据磁场的变化而进行微小的步进运动。

步进电机的步进角度取决于定子绕组的极数，转子的磁性和操作电流的频率。

一般来说，步进电机可以实现非常小的步进角度，从而实现高精度的定位和控制。

此外，步进电机还可以根据控制信号的改变来改变转速，加速和减速控制都比较简单灵活。

在实际应用中，步进电机可以通过驱动器控制板来实现精确的控制。

控制板会根据需求发送相应的控制信号给步进电机，从而实现精确的定位和运动控制。

由于步进电机的工作原理较为简单，因此维护和使用也比较方便。

总的来说，步进电机的工作原理是利用磁场相互作用产生的力来驱动转子旋转，通过精确控制电流和信号实现精准的定位和步进运动。

步进电机在各个领域的自动化控制系统中都发挥着重要的作用，未来随着技术的不断发展，步进电机将会有更广泛的应用和更高的性能要求。

1。

步进电动机原理
步进电动机是一种电磁式电机，可通过电脉冲控制电机旋转的距离和方向，其转子移动一步的距离和方向是由输入的电信号脉冲控制的。

因此，步进电机是一种数字电机。

步进电动机的工作原理基于磁场和电流的相互作用。

它由两种基本类型的磁极组成，分别为“永磁体”和“电磁体”。

永磁体磁极通常是一个磁性物质的永磁体（如铁、钴、镍等），而电磁体磁极是铁心上的线圈。

当电磁体通电时，会在其周围产生一个磁场，而进入磁场中的永磁体则会被吸引或排斥，从而产生旋转。

步进电动机的旋转是通过电平驱动的，每个级别包括高电平和低电平。

每个电平都指定一种情况，例如上升沿表示在此时步进电动机晶体管的通道打开。

电流通过电磁体的线圈产生磁场，而旋转也开始。

下降沿表示晶体管的通道关闭，电流停止流动，磁场消失，旋转也停止。

步进电动机有两种类型：磁极固定和转子固定。

在磁极固定的步进电动机中，永磁体位置固定，电磁体绕着永磁体旋转。

在旋转时，永磁体磁极会吸引或排斥电磁体磁极，从而产生转动。

在转子固定步进电动机中，电磁体环绕永磁体旋转，而永磁体的磁极固定在转子上。

转子上的磁极会吸引或排斥旋转电磁体，从而产生转动。

这两种类型的步进电动机可以通过不同的控制方法和电路来控制。

步进电机工作原理
步进电机是一种常用的直流电机，它可以精确地控制转动角度，广泛应用于工业自动化、家用电器、医疗设备以及航空航天领域。

其工作原理是将电路中的电流转换为角位移，即一定的电流可以使电机转动一定的角度。

步进电机有两种工作方式：直流步进电机和交流步进电机。

直流步进电机是直接以直流电源驱动，其由磁铁、线圈、轴承及定子构成，磁铁的数量决定电机的步进角。

当电流流入线圈时，由于磁通的作用，定子上的磁铁就会产生一个磁场，随着电流的变化，磁场也会发生变化，定子上的磁铁就会随之旋转，从而产生转动力。

交流步进电机的工作原理与直流步进电机类似，只是其驱动电源是交流电，其结构主要由定子、转子、马达绝缘板、线圈、电机外壳等部件组成。

当交流电流通过线圈时，定子上的磁铁会受到磁场的影响而产生转动，从而产生转动力。

步进电机的工作原理是利用电流产生磁场，从而产生转动力，使电机转动一定的角度，这种转动可以精确控制，是控制角位移的最佳选择。

此外，由于其结构简单，维护方便，可以长期稳定工作，因此在工业自动化、家用电器、医疗设备以及航空航天领域广泛使用。

步进电机工作原理
步进电机是一种将电能转换为机械能的电动机，它通过电磁原理实现精确的位
置控制。

步进电机的工作原理可以简单概括为电流驱动线圈产生磁场，磁场与转子磁性材料相互作用，从而产生转动力矩，使电机转动。

下面我们将详细介绍步进电机的工作原理。

首先，步进电机由定子和转子两部分组成。

定子上绕有若干个线圈，线圈中通
有电流时会产生磁场。

而转子则由磁性材料制成，当受到磁场作用时会产生磁力，从而产生转动。

其次，步进电机的工作原理是基于磁场相互作用的。

当线圈通电时，会在定子
上产生一个磁场。

这个磁场会与转子上的磁性材料相互作用，产生一个力矩，从而使转子转动一定的角度。

通过不同线圈通电的组合，可以控制转子的转动方向和步长，实现精确的位置控制。

另外，步进电机的控制可以通过脉冲信号来实现。

每接收一个脉冲信号，电机
就会转动一定的步长。

通过控制脉冲信号的频率和顺序，可以实现精确的位置控制。

这种控制方式简单直观，适用于许多自动化设备中。

此外，步进电机还可以分为单相步进电机和双相步进电机。

单相步进电机只需
要一种脉冲信号就可以控制，而双相步进电机需要两种脉冲信号来控制。

双相步进电机通常具有更高的精度和扭矩，因此在一些对精度要求较高的场合中得到广泛应用。

总的来说，步进电机是一种精密的位置控制电机，其工作原理是基于电磁相互
作用的。

通过控制线圈通电和脉冲信号的方式，可以实现精确的位置控制，适用于许多自动化设备中。

希望通过本文的介绍，能够让大家对步进电机的工作原理有更深入的了解。

步进电机的的基本原理中英文翻译English translation of the stepping motor basic principle步进电机作为执行元件,是机电一体化的关键产品之一,广泛应用在各种自动化控制系统中。

随着微电子和计算机技术的发展,步进电机的需求量与日俱增,在各个国民经济领域都有应用。

The stepping motor as executing components, electromechanical integration is one of the key products, widely used in a variety of automatic control systems. With the development of microelectronics and computer technology, the stepper motor demand grow with each passing day, has been applied in various fields of the national economy.步进电机是一种将电脉冲转化为角位移的执行机构。

当步进驱动器接收到一个脉冲信号,它就驱动步进电机按设定的方向转动一个固定的角度(称为“步距角”),它的旋转是以固定的角度一步一步运行的。

可以通过控制脉冲个数来控制角位移量,从而达到准确定位的目的;同时可以通过控制脉冲频率来控制电机转动的速度和加速度,从而达到调速的目的。

步进电机可以作为一种控制用的特种电机,利用其没有积累误差(精度为100%)的特点,广泛应用于各种开环控制。

Stepping motor is a kind of electrical pulses into angular displacement of the implementing agencies. When stepping drive receives a pulse signal, it drives stepper motor rotate in the direction set by a fixed angle ( called the " step " ), it is the rotation at a fixed angle step by step operation. The number of pulses to control the amount of angular displacement through the control, so as to achieve the purpose of accurate positioning; also can control the pulse frequency to control motor rotation speed and acceleration, so as to achieve the purpose of speed. Special motor stepper motor control can be used as a, using its no accumulation of error ( accuracy of 100% ) characteristics, widely used in all kinds of open-loop control.现在比较常用的步进电机包括反应式步进电机(VR)、永磁式步进电机(PM)、混合式步进电机(HB)和单相式步进电机等。

步进电机的的基本原理中英文翻译English translation of the stepping motor basic principle步进电机作为执行元件,是机电一体化的关键产品之一,广泛应用在各种自动化控制系统中。

随着微电子和计算机技术的发展,步进电机的需求量与日俱增,在各个国民经济领域都有应用。

The stepping motor as executing components, electromechanical integration is one of the key products, widely used in a variety of automatic control systems. With the development of microelectronics and computer technology, the stepper motor demand grow with each passing day, has been applied in various fields of the national economy.步进电机是一种将电脉冲转化为角位移的执行机构。

当步进驱动器接收到一个脉冲信号,它就驱动步进电机按设定的方向转动一个固定的角度(称为“步距角”),它的旋转是以固定的角度一步一步运行的。

可以通过控制脉冲个数来控制角位移量,从而达到准确定位的目的;同时可以通过控制脉冲频率来控制电机转动的速度和加速度,从而达到调速的目的。

步进电机可以作为一种控制用的特种电机,利用其没有积累误差(精度为100%)的特点,广泛应用于各种开环控制。

Stepping motor is a kind of electrical pulses into angular displacement of the implementing agencies. When stepping drive receives a pulse signal, it drives stepper motor rotate in the direction set by a fixed angle ( called the " step " ), it is the rotation at a fixed angle step by step operation. The number of pulses to control the amount of angular displacement through the control, so as to achieve the purpose of accurate positioning; also can control the pulse frequency to control motor rotation speed and acceleration, so as to achieve the purpose of speed. Special motor stepper motor control can be used as a, using its no accumulation of error ( accuracy of 100% ) characteristics, widely used in all kinds of open-loop control.现在比较常用的步进电机包括反应式步进电机(VR)、永磁式步进电机(PM)、混合式步进电机(HB)和单相式步进电机等。

步进电机的工作原理步进电机是一种将电脉冲信号转化为机械位移或角度旋转的电机。

它的工作原理基于电磁学和电子学原理，通过控制电流方向和大小来驱动电机转动。

步进电机通常由电机本体、编码器、驱动器和控制器组成。

其中电机本体由定子和转子构成。

定子上有若干个分布均匀的定子绕组，而转子上有若干个磁极。

定子绕组通过电流控制，产生旋转磁场，而转子上的磁极则受到磁场的作用而旋转。

1.磁场原理：转子上的磁极通常由永磁体制成。

当定子绕组产生的旋转磁场与转子上的磁极相互作用时，会产生一个磁转矩，使得转子受到力的作用而旋转。

磁转矩的大小取决于定子绕组电流的大小和转子上的磁极数目。

2.电流控制：步进电机通过控制驱动器提供的电流方向和大小，来控制电机的旋转运动。

一般来说，步进电机有两种驱动方式：双向驱动和单向驱动。

在双向驱动中，电流通过不同的绕组，可以使电机转动到正转方向或逆转方向；而在单向驱动中，电流只通过一个绕组，电机只能以一个方向旋转。

在使用步进电机进行控制时，通常通过给定输入信号的脉冲数目和频率，来控制驱动器产生相应的电流脉冲。

这些电流脉冲使得电机按照相应的步距绕组进行运动，从而实现所需的机械位移或角度旋转。

3.驱动方式：全步进驱动中，电流通过一个绕组，使得电机以一个固定的步距旋转。

全步进驱动可以使得电机转动更加平稳，但在高速运转时，会出现震动和共振的问题。

半步进驱动通过改变电流的大小，使电机旋转的步距变为原步距的一半。

半步进驱动对于控制电机的准确度更高，能够实现更细微的机械位移或角度旋转。

但半步进驱动也会增加电路的复杂性与实现的难度。

总结来说，步进电机通过控制电流的方向和大小，利用电磁学原理实现对机械装置的运动控制。

它的工作原理基于磁场原理、电流控制和驱动方式，并通过编码器、驱动器和控制器等组件实现实际的应用。

EnglishStepper motorStepper motor is the electric pulse signals into angular displacement or linear displacement of the open-loop stepper motor control element pieces. In the case of non-overloaded, the motor speed, stop position depends only on the pulse frequency and pulse number, regardless of load changes, when the driver receives a step pulse signal, it will drive a stepper motor to Set the direction of rotation of a fixed angle, called the "step angle", which the angle of rotation is fixed step by step operation. Number of pulses can be controlled by controlling the angular displacement, so as to achieve accurate positioning purposes; the same time by controlling the pulse frequency to control the motor rotation speed and acceleration, to achieve speed control purposes.WorkInduction motor is a stepper motor, does it work is the use of electronic circuits, the DC power supply into a time-sharing, multi-phase timing control current, this current stepper motor power supply, the stepper motor to work properly , The drive is sharing power supply for the stepper motor, the polyphase timing controllerAlthough the stepper motor has been widely used, but the stepper motor does not like a normal DC motor, AC motor in the conventional use. It must be double-ring pulse signal, power driver circuit composed of the control system can be used. Therefore, it is not easy with a good stepping motor, which involves mechanical, electrical, electronics and computers, and many other specialized knowledge.As the stepper motor actuators, electromechanical integration, one of the key products, widely used in a variety of automatic control systems. With the development of microelectronics and computer technology, increasing demand for stepper motor, has applications in all areas of the national economy.CategoriesNow more commonly used include the reaction of step motor stepper motor (VR), permanent magnet stepper motor (PM), hybrid stepper motors (HB) and single-phase stepper motor.Permanent magnet stepper motorPermanent magnet stepper motor is generally two-phase, torque, and smaller, usually 7.5 degree step angle or 15 degrees;Permanent magnet stepper motor output torque, dynamic performance, but a large step angle.Reaction Stepper MotorReaction is generally three-phase stepping motor can achieve high torque output, step angle of 1.5 degrees is generally, but the noise and vibration are large. Reaction by the stepper motor rotor magnetic circuit made of soft magnetic materials, a number of the stator phase excitation winding, the use of permeability changes in torque. Step Motor simple structure, low production costs, step angle is small; but the dynamic performance is poor.Hybrid Stepping MotorHybrid Step Motor combines reactive, permanent magnet stepper motors of both, it's a small step angle, contribute a large, dynamic performance, is currently the highest performance stepper motor. It is also sometimes referred to as Permanent Magnet Induction Stepping Motor. It consists of two phases and the five-phase: the general two-phase step angle of 1.8 degrees and the general five-phase step angle 0.72 degrees. The most widely used Stepper Motor.Stepper motor drive for energy savingThree-phase stepper motor drive special features:■ 180% low torque output, low frequency characteristics of a good run■ Maximum output frequency 600Hz, high-speed motor control■full range of detection of protection (over voltage, under voltage, overload) instantaneous power failure restart■ acceleration, deceleration, such as dynamic change in the stall protection function to prevent■ Electrical dynamic parameters of automatic recognition function to ensure stability and accuracy of the system■ quick response and high-speed shutdown■ abundant and flexible input and output interface and control, versatility■use of SMT production and three full-mount anti-paint treatment process, product stability and high■full range of Siemens IGBT power devices using the latest, to ensure the quality of high-qualityBasic principlesUsually for the permanent magnet rotor motor, when current flows through the statorwindings, the stator windings produce a magnetic field vector. The magnetic field will lead to a rotor angle of the magnetic field makes the direction of a rotor and the stator's magnetic field direction. When the stator magnetic field vector rotating at an angle. As the rotor magnetic field is also transferred from another perspective. An electrical pulse for each input, the motor turning a point forward. It is the angular displacement of the output and input the number of pulses proportional to speed and pulse frequency is proportional to. Power to change the order of winding, the motor will reverse. Therefore, the number of available control pulse, frequency and power the motor windings of each phase in order to control the stepper motor rotation. Reaction Stepper MotorAs the response to stepping motor works is relatively simple. The following describes the first principle of three-phase stepping motor response.1, the structure: uniformly distributed rotor with many small teeth, the stator excitation windings of three teeth, the geometric axis of the rotor tooth axis in order were staggered. 0,1 / 3 て, 2 / 3 て, (adjacent to the two axes of the rotor tooth pitch distance between the てsaid), that is, with the teeth a relatively homogeneous A, B and staggered tooth 2 to the right 1 / 3 て, C and the right to stagger tooth 3 2 / 3 て, A 'and the tooth 5 is relatively homogeneous, (A' is A, is the gear teeth 5 1) The following is the rotor's expansion plan:2, rotation: If the A-phase power, B, C phase is not energized, the magnetic field, alignment of teeth 1 and A, (without any power of the rotor are the same the following). Such as the B-phase power, A, C phase is not energized, gear 2, and B should be aligned, when the rotor over to the right 1 / 3 て, this time offset teeth 3 and C 1 / 3 て, teeth 4 and A shift (て-1 / 3 te) = 2 / 3 て. Such as the C-phase power, A, B phase is not energized, gear 3, and C should be aligned, this time right off the rotor Y ouxiang 1 / 3 て, 4 and A gear shift time is 1 / 3 てalignment. Such as the A-phase power, B, C phase is not energized, 4 and A-aligned teeth, the rotor Y ouxiang right over 1 / 3 てso after A, B, C, A are energized, gear 4 (ie, the previous tooth 1 teeth) to the A-phase, rotor to the right around a pitch, if you continue to press the A, B, C, A ... ... power, the motor for each step (per pulse) 1 / 3 て, Rotate Right. Such as by A, C, B, A ... ... power, the motor to reverse. This shows that: the location and speed of motor conduction times by the (number of pulses) and frequency into one relationship. The direction determined by the conductivity of the order. However, out of torque, smooth, noise and reduce the angle considerations. Often with A-AB-B-BC-C-CA-A this conductive state, so that each step the original 1 / 3 てchanged to 1 / 6 て. Even through different combinations of two-phase current, so 1 /3 てinto 1 / 12 て, 1 / 24, te, which is the basic theory of the motor-driven basis for subdivision. Easily introduced: m phase on the stator excitation windings, the axis of the rotor tooth axis were offset 1 / m, 2 / m ... ... (m-1) / m, 1. And conductivity at a certain phase sequence reversing motor can be controlled - this is the rotation of the physical conditions. As long as we meet this condition can theoretically create any phase stepper motor, because of cost, and many other considerations, the market generally two, three, four, five-phase is more.3, the torque: the motor once energized, will produce between the stator and rotor magnetic field (magnetic flux Ф) when the rotor and stator stagger angle to produce force F and (dФ / dθ) is proportional to S the magnetic flux Ф = Br * S Br for the flux density, F and S for the magnetic area of L * D * Br core is proportional to L, effective length, D is rotor diameter Br = N • I / RN • I was excited winding ampere turns (current x turns) R for the magnetic resistance. Torque = force * radius of the torque and the motor turns the effective volume * An * is proportional to the flux density (only consider the linear state), therefore, the greater the effective volume of the motor, the greater the excitation ampere turns, the smaller air gap between stator and rotor, the motor torque, and vice versa.Induction Stepping Motor1, features: Induction, compared with the traditional reactive, structural reinforced with a permanent magnet rotor, in order to provide the working point of soft magnetic materials, and the stator excitation magnetic field changes only need to provide to provide the operating point of the consumption of magnetic materials energy, so the motor efficiency, current, low heat. Due to the presence of permanent magnets, the motor has a strong EMF, the damping effect of its own good, it is relatively stable during operation, low noise, low frequency vibration. Induction can be seen as somewhat low-speed synchronous motor. A four-phase motor can be used for four-phase operation, but also can be used for two-phase operation. (Must be bipolar voltage drive), while the motor is not so reactive. For example: four phase, eight-phase operation (A-AB-B-BC-C-CD-D-DA-A) can use two-phase eight-shot run. Not difficult to find the conditions for C =, D =. a two-phase motor's internal winding consistent with the four-phase motors, small power motors are generally directly connected to the second phase, the power of larger motor, in order to facilitate the use and flexible to change the dynamic characteristics of the motor, its external connections often lead to eight (four-phase), so that when used either as a four-phase motors used, can be used for two-phase motor winding in series or parallel.2, classificationInduction motors can be divided in phases: two-phase motor, three phase motor, four-phase motor, five-phase motor. The frame size (motor diameter) can be divided into: 42BYG (BYG the Induction Stepping motor code), 57BYG, 86BYG, 110BYG, (international standard), and like 70BYG, 90BYG, 130BYG and so are the national standards.3, the stepper motor phase number of static indicators of terms: very differently on the N, S the number of magnetic field excitation coil. Common m said. Beat number: complete the necessary cyclical changes in a magnetic field pulses or conducting state with n said, or that turned a pitch angle of the motor pulses needed to four-phase motor, for example, a four-phase four-shot operation mode that AB -BC-CD-DA-AB, shot eight four-phase operation mode that A-AB-B-BC-C-CD-D-DA-A. Step angle: corresponds to a pulse signal, the angular displacement of the rotor turned with θ said. θ = 360 degrees (the rotor teeth number of J * run shot), the conventional two, four-phase, the rotor teeth 50 tooth motor as an example. Four step run-time step angle θ = 360 ° / (50 * 4) = 1.8 degrees (commonly called the whole step), eight-shot running step angle θ = 360 ° / (50 * 8) = 0.9 degrees (commonly known as half step.) Location torque: the motor is not energized in the state, its locked rotor torque (as well as by the magnetic field profile of harmonics caused by mechanical error) static torque: the motor under the rated static electricity, the motor without rotation, the motor shaft locking torque. The motor torque is a measure of volume (geometry) standards, and drive voltage and drive power, etc. has nothing to do. Although the static torque is proportional to the electromagnetic magnetizing ampere turns, and fixed air gap between the rotor teeth on, but over-use of reduced air gap, increase the excitation ampere-turns to increase the static torque is not desirable, this will cause the motor heating and mechanical noise.4, the dynamic indicators and terminology:1, step angle accuracy: turn a stepper motor step angle for each actual value with the theoretical value of the error. Expressed as a percentage: Error / Step Angle * 100%. Its value is the number of different running different beat, four beat running should be within 5%, eight runs should take less than 15%.2 step: the motor running operation steps, is not equal to the theoretical number of steps. Called the step.3, offset angle: the axis of the rotor tooth offset angle of the axis of the stator teeth, the motor is running there will be misalignment angle, the error caused by themisalignment angle, using division drive can not be solved.4, the maximum no-load starting frequency: a drive motor in the form of voltage and rated current, in the case without load, the maximum frequency can be started directly.5, the maximum operating frequency of load: a drive motor in the form of voltage and rated current, the motor maximum speed with no load frequency.6, running torque-frequency characteristics: the motor under test conditions in a measured frequency of operation between the output torque and running torque curve is called the frequency characteristic curve which is the motor number of the most important dynamic is the fundamental basis for motor selection. As shown below: There used to frequency characteristics of other features, starting frequency characteristics. Electrical Once selected, the motor torque to determine the static and dynamic torque is not the case, the motor torque depends on the dynamics of the average motor current (rather than static current), the average current increases, the greater the output torque of the motor, that motor frequency characteristics of the more hard. As shown below: where the maximum curve 3 current, or voltages; curve a minimum current, or voltage is the lowest curve and the load maximum speed of the intersection point of the load. For the average current, voltage increase as much as possible, so that the use of small inductor high current motor.7, the resonance point of the motor: stepping motor has a fixed resonance region, two, four-phase Induction in the resonance region is generally between 180-250pps (1.8 degree step angle) or about the 400pps (step angle 0.9 degrees), the higher the motor drive voltage, motor current increases, the lighter the load, the smaller the size the motor, the resonance shift upward, and vice versa, the motor output torque is large, yet further, and the whole system noise reduction, the general operating point should be offset more resonance.8, motor reversing control: timing is energized when the motor windings AB-BC-CD-DA or () is a positive turn, power the timing for the DA-CD-BC-AB or () when reversed.Some of the basic parameters of the stepper motorNatural step angle motorIt said each of the control system sends a pulse signal, the motor rotation angle. Motor factory, a step angle is given a value, such as 86BYG250A motors is given in 0.9 ° / 1.8 ° (half-step work that is 0.9 °, when the work of the whole step 1.8 °), the step angle can be called 'natural step angle motor', which is not necessarily true when the actual work the motor step angle, the real step angle and drive on.Stepper motor step angle is usually the general computing β calculated as follows.β = 360 ° / (Z • m • K)Where β-stepper motor step angle;Z-rotor teeth;m-phase stepper motor number;K-control factor, the film is the ratio of the number of coefficients with the phase numberPhase stepper motorRefers to the number of the motor coil group, the commonly used two-phase, three phase, four-phase, five-phase stepper motor. Different number of motor phases, the step angle is different, the general two-phase motor step angle of 0.9 °/ 1.8 °, three-phase for the 0.75 °/ 1.5 °, five-phase for the 0.36 ° / 0.72 °. In the absence of sub-drive, the user select a different number of phases depends mainly on the stepper motor step angle to meet their own requirements. If you use the sub-drive, the 'phases' will become meaningless, the user simply changes in the subdivision number on the drive, you can change the step angle.Holding torque (HOLDING TORQUE)Stepper motor is energized but no rotation, the stator locked rotor torque. It is the stepper motor one of the most important parameters, usually when the stepper motor torque at low speed near the holding torque. As the stepper motor's output torque increases with the speed and continuous attenuation, output power increases with the speed change, so keep the torque stepper motor to become a measure of one of the most important parameters. For example, when people say 2N.m the stepper motor in case of no special note is the holding torque of the stepper motor for the 2N.m. DETENT TORQUE:Stepper motor is not energized, the stator locked rotor torque. DETENT TORQUE translation in the country there is no uniform way, easy to misunderstand us; the reaction is not a permanent magnet stepper motor rotor material, so it does not DETENT TORQUE.Characteristics of the stepper motor1. The general accuracy of the stepper motor step angle of 3-5%, and not cumulative.2. Appearance of the stepper motor to allow the maximum temperature.Stepper motor causes the motor temperature is too high the first magnetic demagnetization, resulting in loss of torque down even further, so the motor surface temperature should be the maximum allowed depending on the motor demagnetization of magnetic material points; Generally speaking, the magneticdemagnetization points are above 130 degrees Celsius, and some even as high as 200 degrees Celsius, so the stepper motor surface temperature of 80-90 degrees Celsius is normal.3. Stepper motor torque will decrease with the increase of speed.When the stepper motor rotates, the motor winding inductance of each phase will form a reverse electromotive force; the higher the frequency the greater the back emf. In its role, the motor with frequency (or speed) increases with the phase current decreases, resulting in decreased torque.4. Low-speed stepper motor can operate normally, but if not higher than a certain speed to start, accompanied by howling.Stepper motor has a technical parameters: no-load starting frequency, ie the stepper motor with no load to start the normal pulse frequency, pulse frequency is higher than the value if the motor does not start, you may lose steps or stall occurs. In the case of a load, start frequency should be lower. If you want the motor to achieve high-speed rotation, the pulse frequency should speed up the process, which started lower frequency, and then rise by a certain acceleratio n of the desired frequency (motor speed from low rise to high-speed).Stepper motor with its significant features, in the era of digital manufacturing play an important purpose. Along with the different development of digital technology and the stepper motor itself, improvements in technology, the stepper motor will be applied in more fields.中文步进电机步进电机是将电脉冲信号转变为角位移或线位移的开环控制元步进电机件。

简述步进电机的工作原理步进电机是一种电动机，其工作原理是基于磁场的力和作用力之间的交互作用。

它是一种数字型电机，可以精确地控制运动，工作时不需要传统电机的电刷。

步进电机通常用于精密定位、速度控制和线性定位等应用场合，下面将具体讲解步进电机的工作原理。

1.电磁激励步进电机的转子是由一组磁性材料制成，称为极，极在周围有一个固定的定子，其中包含两个或更多的线圈。

当电流通过线圈时，电磁场将制造出一个旋转磁场，该旋转磁场与极的磁场相互作用，从而使转子可以以相对稳定的方式旋转。

2.磁场交替步进电机是一种精密的定位装置，因为它的磁场可以被分成多个极组。

这就使得转子可以以精确的角度旋转。

这种分段旋转也使得这种电机非常适合于控制，因为每个段都可以被视为独立的步骤。

3.递归式运动步进电机会继续沿着它的磁场方向转动，直到磁场的相位改变。

这时候，电流会通过相邻的线圈，使得磁场旋转到下一个相位。

这个过程是递归的，电流会持续地在不同的线圈之间转换，从而使得转子可以继续旋转。

4.向前和向后步进电机具有向前和向后转动的能力。

在向前转动时，电流的顺序会从一端点到另一端点变化，这样就能让磁场以递归的方式产生旋转动作。

反而，在向后转动时，电流的顺序会从另一端点回到原来的端点。

这样，步进电机就能够反向旋转。

总之，步进电机的工作原理是通过电磁激励、磁场交替、递归式运动和向前和向后转动的能力来实现的。

因为步进电机具有极高的控制精度和分步旋转的能力，因此它广泛应用于诸如电子、机器人和印刷机等领域。