广东省深圳市2018届二模(4月)

2018年长宁区高考英语二模试题II. Grammar and VocabularySection AA Great FriendshipThomas Jefferson and James Madison met in 1776. Could it have been any other year? TheyJefferson wrote to his longtime friend. His words and Madison's reply remind us that friends are friends until death. They also remind us that sometimes a friendship has a bearing on things larger than the friendship itself, for has there ever been a friendship of greater public consequence than this one?po1itical principles and pursuits have been sources of constant happiness to me through that longvindicating to posterity the course that we've pursued for preserving to them, in all their purity, their blessings of self-government, which we had assisted in acquiring for them. If ever the earthgeneral interest and happiness of those committed to it, one which, protected by truth, can neverpillar of support throughout life. Take care of me when dead and be assured that I should leave with you my last affections."harmony with more affecting recollections than I do. 29 they are a source of pleasure to you, what aren’t they not to be to me? We cannot be deprived of the happy consciousness of the pure devotion to the public good with Which we discharge the trust committed to us and I indulgeafter we are gone, whatever of justice may be withheld whilst we are here. "He is kindlyThe other evening at a dancing club a young man introduced me to Mr. and Mrs. F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Scott seemed to have changed a lot from the first time I met him at Princeton, when he was an eager undergraduate trying his best to __31__ himself into a great author. He is still trying hard to be a great author. He is at work now on a novel which his wife __32__ me is far better than This Side of Paradise, but like most of our younger novelists he finds it __33__ toproduce a certain number of short stories to make the wheels go around. That The V egetable, his play, did not receive a Manhattan presentation seems to have disappointed rather than discouraged him. He is still __34__ light-hearted.I have always considered him the most brilliant of our younger novelists. Not one of them can tough his style, nor the superb quality of his satire(讽刺). He has yet to put them in a novel with carefulness of conception and __35__ of character. He can become almost any kind of writer that his peculiarly restless character will __36__.Born in St. Paul, he attended Princeton, served in the Army, wrote his first novel in a training camp, achieved fame and fortune, married a Southern girl, has a child and lives in New York. At heart, he is one of the kindliest of the younger writers. Artistry means a great deal to F. Scott Fizgerald, and into his own best work he __37__ great efforts. He demands this in the work of others, and when he does not find it he criticizes with passionate earnestness. I have known him, after reading a young fellow-novelist’s book, to take what must have been hours of time to write him a lengthy, careful __38__.Just what he will write in the future remains __39__. With a firmer reputation than that of the other young people, he yet seems to me to have achieved rather less than Robert Nathan and rather more than Stephen Vincent Benet, Cyril Hume. His coming novel should mean a definite prediction for future work. It is to be hoped that from it will be __40__ the seemingly unavoidable modern girls.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AStandards for Schools: Developing Organizational Accountability(绩效) Quality teaching depends on not just teacher’s knowledge and skills but on the environment in which they work. Schools need to offer a coherent curriculum focused on higher-order thinking and performance across subject areas and grades, time for teachers to work __41__ with students to accomplish challenging goals, opportunities for teachers to plan with and learn from one another, and regular occasions to evaluate the outcomes of their __42__.If schools are to become more responsible, they must, like other professional organizations, make evaluation and assessment part of their everyday lives. Just as hospitals have standing committees of staff that meet regularly to look at evaluation data and discuss the __43__ of each aspect of their work – a practice reinforced by their accreditation(评定) requirements, - schools must have regular occasions to examine their practice and effectiveness.As Richard Rothstein and colleagues describe in Grading Education: Getting Accountability Right, school-level accountability can be supported by school __44__, like those common in many other nations, in which trained experts evaluate schools by spending several days visiting classrooms, __45__ samples of student work, and interviewing students about their understanding and their experiences, __46__ looking at objective data such as test scores, graduation rates, and so on. In some cases, principals accompany the inspectors into classrooms and are asked for their own evaluations of the lessons. In this way, the inspectors are able to make __47__ about the instructional and supervisory competence(能力) for principals. As described earlier, inspectors may also play a role in ensuring the __48__ and comparability of school-based assessments (as in England and A ustralia), as well as school’s internal assessment and evaluation process (as in HongKong).In most countries’ inspection systems, schools are rated on the quality of instruction and other services and supports, as well as students’ __49__ and progress o n a wide range of aspects, including and going beyond academic subject areas, such as extra-curricular, personal and social __50__, the acquisition of workplace skills and the __51__ to which students are encouraged to adopt safe practices and a __52__ lifestyle. Schools are rated as to whether they pass inspection, need modest improvements, or require serious intervention(介入), and they receive extensive feedback on what the inspectors both saw and __53__. Reports are publicly posted. Schools requiring intervention are then given more expert __54__ and support, and are placed on a more frequent schedule of visits. Those that persistently fail to pass may be placed under local government control and could be __55__ if they are not improved.41. A. occasionally B. closely C. strictly D. peacefully42. A. challenges B. competence C. curriculum D. practices43. A. effectiveness B. faults C. progress D. requirements44. A. instruction B. protection C. inspection D. consideration45. A. taking B. improving C. examining D. copying46. A. as far as B. rather than C. other than D. as well as47. A. judgments B. decisions C. inquiries D. suggestions48. A. quantity B. quality C. instruction D. support49. A. education B. performance C. attention D. interest50. A. responsibility B. structure C. resources D. benefits51. A. frequency B. consistence C. satisfaction D. extent52. A. comparable B. healthy C. different D. unique53. A. appreciated B. criticized C. recommended D. rewarded54. A. attention B. programs C. evaluation D. explanations55. A. set down B. put down C. closed down D. pulled downSection B(A)NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC NEWSWarning from ExpertsA growing amount of human-made orbital debris (太空轨道残骸)一from rocket stages and out-of-date satellite ---is circling the Earth. Scientists say the orbital debris, better known as space junk, poses an increasing threat to space activities. “ This is a growing environmental problem,” said Nicholas Jonson, the chief scientist and program manager for orbital debris at NASA(美国航空航天局) in Houston, Texas.Johnson and his team have developed a computer model capable of simulating past and future amounts of space junk. The model predicts that even without future rocket or satellitelaunches, the amount of debris in low orbit around Earth will remain steady through 2055, after which it will increase. While current efforts have focused o limiting future space junk, these scientists say removing large pieces of old space junk will soon be necessary.Since the first launch of satellite in 1957, humans have been generating space junk. The U.S. Space Surveillance Network is currently tracking over 13,000 human-made objects larger than ten centimeters in diameter orbiting t he Earth. “Of the 13 000 objects, over 40 percent came from breakups of both spacecraft and rocket bodies,” Johnson sand. In addition, there are hundreds of thousands of smaller objects in space. These include everything from pieces of plastic to bits of paint. Much of this smaller junk has come from exploding rocket stages. Stages are sections of a rocket that have their own fuel or engines.These objects travel at speeds over 35, 000 kilometers an hour. At such high speed, even small junk can tear holes in a spacecraft or disable a satellite by causing electrical shorts that result from clouds of superheated gas.Johnson believes it may be time to think about how to remove junk from space. Previous proposals range from sending up spacecrafts to grab junk and bring it down to using lasers to slow an object's orbit to cause it to fall back to Earth more quickly. Given current technology, those proposals appear neither technically nor economically practical, “Space junk is like any environmental problem. “Johnson admits. “It’s growing. If you don’t deal with it now, it will only become worse, and the solutions in the future are going to be even more costly.”56. What is this passage mainly talking about?A. Advanced technology is used to remove spaces junkB. NASA is responsible for the environmental problem.C. Cleaning up the space junk is greatly neededD. Human activities generate much orbital debris57. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?A. Rocket launches produce more debris than satellite launches Space Tech CultureB. Space junk is endangering human beings' space activitiesC. It's necessary to clean up the large pieces of old space junkD. Even a tiny piece of space junk can destroy a spacecraft58. What does John think of the previous proposals to grab space junk and bring it down to the earth?A. ReasonableB. UnbelievableC. ReliableD. Impractical(B)Eye Scan Technology Comes to SchoolsABC News: Parents who want to pick up their kids at school in one New Jersey district now can submit to iris(虹膜) scans, as the technology that helps keep our nation’s airports and hotels safe begins to make its way further into American lives.this high-tech security system on Monday with funding fromthe Department of Justice as part of a study on the system’seffectiveness.As many as four adults can be authorized to pickup each child in the district, but in order to be authorized tocome into school, they will be asked to register with the district’s iris recognition security and visitor management system. At this point, the New Jersey program is not a must.If someone tries to slip in behind an authorized person, the system causes an alarm and red flashing lights in the front office. The entire process takes just seconds.This kind of technology is already at work in airports around the country like Orlando International Airport, where the program has been in operation since July. It has 12,000 subscribers who pay $79.95 for the convenience of submitting to iris scans rather than going through lengthy security checks.An iris scan is said to be more accurate than a fingerprint because it records 240 unique details—far more than the seven to twenty-four details that are analyzed in fingerprints. The chances of being misidentified by an iris scan are about one in 1.2 million and just one in 1.44 trillion if you scan both eyes.Phil Meara, the Freehold District official, said that although it was expensive, the program would help schools across the country move into a new frontier in child protection. “This is all part of a larger emphasis, here in New Jersey, on school safety,” he said. “We chose this school because we were looking for a typical slightly urban sch ool to launch the system.”Meara applied for a $369,000 grant on behalf of the school district and had the eye scanners installed in two grammar schools and one middle school. So far, 300 of the nearly 1,500 individuals available to pick up a student from school have registered for the eye scan system.59. Why does the Freehold Borough School District adopt the eye scan security system?A. To ensure the school safety and efficiency of picking up children.B. To encourage more students to register in New Jersey urban schools.C. To test the effectiveness of school security and management system.D. To collect the information of the children and their beloved parents.60. What’s the advantage of the eye scan system over fingerprints?A. Having many more subscribers throughout the country.B. Authorizing the adults to pick up children more flexibly.C. Attracting parents in a larger proportion to register for it.D. Making almost no mistakes in identifying the authorized.61. How does Phil Meara help to protect the safety of children?A. By asking people to register with the security system.B. By applying for grant to install eye scanners in schools.C. By asking the department of justice to fund this program.D. By turning to Orlando International Airport for help.62. What is the best title of this passage?A. Parents Favor the Eye Scan SystemB. Security Management Needs Improving.C. High Technology Comes to SchoolD. Iris Scanners are Invented in the Country.(C)Dusty Nash, an angelic-looking blond child of seven, awoke at 5 one recent morning in his Chicago home and began to throw a fit. He cried and kicked. Every muscle in his 50-1b. body flew in violent motion. Finally, after about 30 minutes, Dusty Pulled himself together sufficiently to head downstairs for breakfast. While his mother was busy in the kitchen, the extremely excited child pulled a box of Kix cereal from the cupboard and sat on a chair.But sitting still was not easy this morning. After grabbing some cereal with his hands, he began kicking the box, scattering little round com puffs across the room Next he turned his attention to the TV set, or rather, the table supporting it. The table was covered with a check-board Con-Tact paper, and Dusty began peeling it off. Then he became interested in the spilled cereal and started smashing it into bits.It was only 7:30, and his mother Kyle Nash, who teaches a medical-school course on death and dying, was already feeling half dead from exhaustion. Dusty was to see his doctors that day at 4, and they had asked her not to give the boy the drug he usually takes to control his extreme excitement and attention problems, a condition known as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It was going to be a very long day without help from Ritain, a powerful drug which some people take for pleasure, but which they can become addicted to.Karenne Bloomgarden remembers such days all too well The spirited, 43-year-old boss and gym teacher was a disaster as a child growing up in New Jersey. I did very poorly in school \wereconstantly on her case for tough behavior. \They just felt I was being bad---too loud, too physical, too everything \diagnosis\The athletic Bloomgarden managed to get into college, but she admits that she cheated her way to a diploma \she did fine in physically active jobs but was anxious about administrative work. Then, four yeas ago, a doctor put a label on her troubles: ADHD. “It's been such a weigh off my shoulders\says Bloomgarden, who takes both stimulant Ritalin and the antidepressant Zoloft to improve her concentration. “I had 38 years of thinking I was a bad person. Now I'm rewriting the tapes of who I thought I was to who I really am.”63. What does the phrase “throw a fit” in the 1st paragraph probably mean?A. turn oneself around casuallyB. fall down to the ground carelesslyC. lose one's temper suddenlyD. shout and complain loudly64. Why did Dusty Nash mess the room?A. He was reluctant to listen to his motherB. He couldn’t focus on anything f or a whileC. He forgot to take the medicine he usually tookD. He was afraid to see the doctor with his mother.65. The passage is chiefly concerned with _______________A. the visible symptoms of the disease ADHDB. the precise definition of the disease ADHDC. Dusty's experiences in his childhood and collegeD. Karenne's confessing of cheating to get a diploma66. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Dusty went to see his private doctor every week in the past years.B. Dusty's mother took care of him till he was admitted to a collegeC. A psychologist examined Karenne and cured her serious disease.D. Karenne didn't know herself well until she was diagnosed with ADHDThe Minoans: A Forgotten PeopleThe first advanced culture in ancient Greece was the Minoan culture. For thousands of years,knowledge of these people survived only in Greek myths. In the late 19th century, archaeologists began to unearth ruins. This inspired Arthur Evans to begin digging on the island of Crete near mainland Greece. On a dig in Kbossos, Evans found an ancient palace. Experts think that it was the palace of King Minos, a central figure in many Greek myths.____67____ With his team, he uncovered a vast structure, varied works of art, and many hieroglyphic records, These finds, together with later finds, comprise all that experts know about Minoan culture.From the evidence experts gathered, it is clear that the Minoans were ahead of their time. The palace at Knossos was five floors high with hundreds of rooms. Buildings throughout the ancient city had plumbing and flush toilets. Stone pavement lined the surfaces of the roads. In addition, the Minoans possessed a highly developed naval fleet for long-distance trade. ____68_____ These records confirm the central role of commerce in culture.Expert analysis of the evidence also offers insight into some aspects of Minoan society. ____69____ Ruins and artwork suggest that people of all classes enjoyed a high degree of social and gender equality. Religious icons show that Minoans worshiped bulls, the natural world, and many female gods.An unusual feature of Minoans culture was the pursuit of leisure interests. Sport and visual arts were central to Minoan life. Boxing and bull jumping, a sport in which players jumped over live bulls, were popular. Although bull jumping may have served some ritual purpose, experts believe that it was done mostly for fun. Similarly, although some works of art showed political and religious themes, other works served only as pleasant décor(装饰品). ____70_____ The Minoans met their demise after a series of natural disasters. Experts believe that group from the Greek mainland capitalized on these events and looked over the island.IV. Summary WritingThe Conflict of the OrdersThe types of people who served as officials in the Roman government changed over time. These changes stemmed from the attempts of common people to more rights. The struggles became known as the Conflict of the Orders.In the early republic, Romans were divided into two classes of people: patricians and plebeians. Patricians were powerful landowners who controlled the government. As nobles, they inherited their power. Plebeians, who made up most of the population, were mainly farmers and workers. For many years, plebeians had few rights. They could vote, but they were barred from holding most public offices. Plebeians could not even know Roman laws because laws were not written down. In court, a judge stated and applied the law, but only patricians served as judges.Over time, plebeians increased their power through demand and strikes. They gained the right to join the army, hold government office, form their own assembly, and elect leaders. In one of their greatest victories, they forced the government to write down the laws of the Roman Republic. In about 450, B.C. the Romans engraved their laws on tablets called the Twelve Tables. The laws were placed in the Forum, the chief public square, for all to view.The first plebeians were appointed to the government in the late 400s B.C. After 342 B.C., a plebeian always held one of the consul positions. By about 300 B.C. many plebeians had become so powerful and wealthy themselves that they joined with patricians to form the Roman nobility.From that time on, the distinction between patricians and plebeians was not a important. Membership in the nobility was still very important, however, since government officials were not paid a salary, only wealthy nobles could afford to hold office. Thus, the nobles still controlled the republic.V. Translation72. 我们必须尽快适应新环境。

2023年4月广东省深圳市宝安区中考二模化学试题 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题 1．2023年深圳宝安马拉松于3月19日举行。

有关说法不正确的是A ．发令枪内含有红磷，鸣枪时产生白烟的过程是物理变化B ．赛道补给的云片糕、花生糖等可提供能量C ．跑步后的急促呼吸，属于缓慢氧化D ．赛后将废弃物回收再利用，体现可持续发展理念【答案】A【详解】A 、发令枪内含有红磷，鸣枪时产生白烟的过程是红磷与空气中的氧气发生燃烧生成五氧化二磷，该过程有新物质生成，属于化学变化，选项错误； B 、赛道补给的云片糕、花生糖等富含糖类，可提供能量，选项正确；C 、虽然跑步后的急促呼吸，但吸入体内的氧气与体内的物质的反应较慢，属于缓慢氧化，选项正确；D 、赛后将废弃物回收再利用，提高了资源的使用率，体现可持续发展理念，选项正确，故选A 。

2．下列化学用语表述正确的是A ．2个氧分子：2CB ．铵根离子：3+NHC ．氧化钙中钙元素的化合价：+2Ca OD ．铝片在空气中被氧化22A1+O =2AlO【答案】C【详解】A 、1个氧分子由2个氧原子构成，则氧分子的符号为O 2，表示多个分子时，在相应的分子符号前面写出分子数目即可，所以2个氧分子的符号为2O 2，选项错误； B 、1个铵根离子中含有1个氮原子和4个氢原子，且1个铵根离子带1个单位的正电荷，所以铵根离子的符号为4NH ，选项错误；C 、标化合物中某元素的化合价时，先写出化合物的化学式，然后在相应的元素符号的正上方先写出化合价的符号，再写出化合价的数值，氧化钙中钙元素的化合价为+2价，所以氧化钙中钙元素的化合价标为+2Ca O ，选项正确；D、铝片在空气中被氧化为氧化铝，反应的化学方程式写为：4Al+3O2=2Al2O3，选项错误，故选C。

3．如图是元素周期表的一部分。

相关说法不正确的是A．磷元素的相对原子质量为30.97B．①处的数字应为16，可推知硫原子的质子数为16C．硒元素属于金属元素D．硒原子核外有34个电子【答案】C【详解】A、根据磷元素周期表中的一格可知，汉字下面的数字表示相对原子质量，磷元素的相对原子质量为30.97，故选项说法正确；B、元素周期表是按原子序数递增的顺序排列的，①处的数字应为16，原子中原子序数=核电荷数=质子数，可推知硫原子的质子数为16，故选项说法正确；C、硒带“石”字旁，属于固态非金属元素，故选项说法错误；D、根据硒元素周期表中的一格可知，左上角的数字表示原子序数，该元素的原子序数为34，根据原子中原子序数=核电荷数=质子数=核外电子数，则该元素的原子核外电子数为34，故选项说法正确。

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试广东省语文模拟试卷（二）注意事项：1．答题前，考生须认真核对条形码上的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号，并将其贴在指定位置，然后用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔将自己所在的县（市、区）、学校以及自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡和试卷的指定位置，并用2B铅笔在答题卡的“考生号”处填涂考生号。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、现代文阅读（一）论述类文本阅读阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。

草原文化精神从根本上说是一种动态的、积极的、以个体奋斗为主要内容的进取性文化。

北方草原具有独特性，它既有深远悠长的民族牧歌情调式的生活方式，又有严酷杀伐的沧桑、厚重的历史，从而导致了草原民族对于人与自然关系方面的特殊认识。

一方面，人与自然的关系极为直接、密切，人对自然的依赖性突出，因而对自然的亲近之感、迫近之念、忧虑之情更为突出、深挚；它不似江南山水对人的细膩轻抚，更不像士子优游于小桥流水，流溢着别致而精微的艺术感触，而是将民族生存与自然环境直接联系起来，把对草原的关切与民族的整体性发展联结起来，发出了“草原不在、民族何存”的呐喊，汉代流传的《匈奴歌》就是其中代表。

另一方面，人与自然架构起初步的生态美学桥梁。

蒙古民族第一部史传文学《蒙古秘史》当中就显现着极为浓郁的生态观念。

由于生存环境的严酷、险恶、千变万化，草原民族“逐水草而居”的动态生存观念异常鲜明。

草原民族生存的“动态”和“变化”的特点使人的适应能力和冲破自然环境束缚的能力分外突出。

草原民族强调人在强大的自然环境和社会面前的力量、智慧、意志力，从而形成一种对英雄的崇拜的观念。

《史记·匈奴列传》中的冒顿单于和《蒙古秘史》中的札木合就是鲜活的例证，只不过后者还显现着强烈的崇信重义之美。

深圳市2018年高三年级第二次调研考试英语本试卷共10页,卷面满分120分，折算成135分计入总分，考试用时120分钟。

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ALife experiences can show one’s “grit”(坚韧). Complex challenges early in life helped the following people develop skills that got them to the top of their professions.Ursula Burns, Chairwoman, VEON; Former CEO, XeroxHer family was so poor that her single mother traded office cleaning for health ca re.But Burns’ early gift for maths won her a scholarship and an internship at Xerox, where she would compete her way to the top. “ I'm a black lady from the Lower East Side,” she says, “Not a lot scares me.”Howard Schultz, Executive Chairman, StarbucksSchultz grew up in public housing in Brooklyn, surrounded by poverty, and was the first in his family to go to college (on a football scholarship).After training in sales, he set up the company that would later buy Starbucks. “In the course of the year I spent trying to raise money, I spoke to 242 people, and 217 of them said no.” he said.Sean Combs, CEO, Sean JohnCombs began a generation of hip-hop talent and made a lasting influence on fashion.But he story could have turned out much differently: His drug dealer father was killed when he was3. “It made me work even harder.” he recently said.Geisha Williams, CEO, PG&EHer parents fled Cuba when Williams was 5. By 7, she was her parents main translator in talks with lawyers and accountants at grocery stores they owned.The experience did help her. “I went from thinking I could be a manager to thinking I could do something much bigger.” she told Fortune.21.Who did best in math at school?A. CombsB. BurnsC. SchultzD. Williams22.How did the death of Combs’ fa ther influence him?A.It made him a failure.B.He became a drug dealer.C.It made him even stronger.D.He became a hip-hopper.23.What can we learn from the passage?A.Cuba is a good place to do business.B.No one wanted to help Schultz at first.C.Poor family kids can be successful easily.D.Difficulty in life pushed Williams forward.BLooking at a pile of old photos, I couldn't help feeling rather regretful.I've never got into the habit of sorting out photos. However, it's almost a habit of mine to have photos taken thoughtlessly. Thus, photos have been piling up in my childhood to womanhood. In spite of that, those black-and-white pictures taken in my early years are rarely kept, except a few survivals regarded as antiques.The bald(秃头的) baby picture of me that I treasured, the only one left, it's now missing.Familiar faces flash one by one before my eyes. Though the world is so small and we all live in it, yet we are separated by physical and psychological distances, some smaller, some larger.With the passage of time, one cannot, regretfully relive(重温) it with the same feeling as one had in the picture.What one can get from the old photos is but a bit of the past joy.One takes pictures with different persons in different time and places.They fill one with nostalgia(怀旧) in various degrees--some more, some less, and others none.That's why one has conflicting feelings towards the old photos. Still kept with the current ones, they're even less favored than a daily-used cup, which is always close to the owner.How these pieces of thought influence me. Photos keep our images ratherowner, whom the photo can't keep ,neither can it keep the event.Of course, there are some of the photos still holding my affection, such as those taken with my family members, with favorite playmates, fellow girl-students and best friends, not only in pictures but also in my life and heart.Now, since I have learned all this, I will not allow myself to be included casually in a photo taken with others. I'll make sure that the friendship can last before I take a photo with somebody.24.Why did the writer have only a few black-and-white pictures?A She took fewer of them.B She took photos thoughtlessly.C She didn't take good care of them.D She only liked the bald baby picture.25.What can we get from the old photos according to the writer?A All the past events.B Some past happiness.C All the past excitement.D The everlasting memory.26.What does the underlined word “sentiment” in paragraph 5 probably mean?A LookB ThoughtC FeelingD Influence27.What is the writer likely to do when asked to take photos others?A To take the photo happily.B To refuse the request politely.C To ignore the request casually.D To think carefully before action.CAs an Asian country, Singapore has a reputation for being highly westernized, with English among the country’s four official languages, but a couple of signs found on local buses that have recently become a hit online may say otherwise.Quite different from English we know, the sign read, for example, “Here cannot go in” instead of “No entry”, and Here can charge phone instead of Charge phone here. This language that resembles English is called Singaporean E n g l i s h o r S i n g l i s h.The New York Times calls Singlish “patchwork” because Singapore consists of migrants(移民) from several countries including China, India and Malaysia, and they all speak their ow n versions of “English”.“Everyone who speaks it shapes it,” wrote the newspaper.For example, in Singlish, you can easily recognize influences from Chinese, including vocabulary such as” Mee Siam” and “da bao”. Sentence structures like ” toilet where” instead of “where’s the toilet” also come from Chinese.Interesting and diverse as it may seem, the trend for Singlish is worrying Singapore’s government. It is concerned that the dialect is lowering the country’s English standard and may affect its relations hip with visitors.It even started the Speak Good English Movement.Unfortunately, the problem was not solved. Instead, Singlish has boomed, especially among young people who think of it as a sign of being cool and a way of identifying themselves as Singaporean.But this does not mean that standard English is being abandoned by young people. In fact, they are much more capable than the government gives credit--they can speak both.“We are a nation good at code switching-- we know that the way we speak to friends or drivers must be different from how act at work or school,” wrote Cheryl, a Singaporean author, in Time magazine, “To actively urge us to give up a language that speaks to the very heart of who we are, that's so beautifully represents the melting pot of Chinese, Indians, Malaysians and Eurasians that we are, is shortsighted, surely.”28 Why does Singapore have many different versions of English?A It is made up of migrants.B It is highly westernized.C It is influenced by Chinese.D It is affected by official languages.29 What is the purpose of starting the Speak Good English Movement?ATo stop the new trend.B To better the relationship.C To keep the English standard.D To give the government credit.30 What do the young people think of Singlish?A It’s interesting.B It’s their identity.C It’s a sign of status.D It’s a way of code-switching.31 What can we learn from what Cheryl said?A Different people speak different styles of Singlish.B Singlish is a more beautiful language than others.C People speaks Singlish only to friends and drivers.D People can use Singlish to express themselves well.DLong before iphones, the cigarette was the companion of choice for restlessness. And long before Facebook and WeChat, it was tobacco that promised to better your social life. Now, quitting smartphones has become the new quitting smoking.Of course, technology does not yellow your teeth, cause disease or lead to cancer. But some individuals are so concerned that device addiction is damaging their mental health. In order to reduce their dependence, even in Silicon Valley, people are turning off the messages that constantly buzz for their attention, banning smartphones from the bedroom and, curiously, changing the colors on their screens to a less tempting scale of gray.The big tech companies will have to work out how to respond to this new generation of quitters. Facebook is the first to go public with its attempt, hoping its recent move can make the social network more homely.Last year the tech industry got a bad name- Big Tech-with unfortunate echoes of other industries that have faced fierce opposition, including Big Tobacco. Like them, the tech industry has to reduce concern from a new generation of activist shareholders(股东) that are questioning its role in the world. These campaigns are never as fierce as those faced by Big Tobacco. In the 1990s, socially responsible investors refused to put money in tobacco stocks.It is far difficult for investors to challenge Big Tech and hard to separate the good these companies do in the world--connecting old friends and giving space for people to share their ideas--from the bad.In the meantime, stopping using technology remains problematic. In The World Without Mind: The Existential Threat of Big Tech, Franklin Foer argues that tech should be seen in a similar way to junk food: a convenience that some reject for more continuing nutrition.So we need to do more to turn the tide. In the same way that public service announcements made smoking around your children taboo(禁忌),we can warn parents against losing themselves in their smartphones while taking care of kids.We can also create no-smartphone zones at dinner. Eventually smartphones could be banned from all public places and help us give our attention to the people around us instead.32 How did people keep close relationships with others in the past?A By smoking.B By drinking.C By phoningD By dining out.33 Why is the tech industry called Big Tech?A It plays a bad role in the world.B It is as big as Big Tobacco.C It has an unfortunate name.D It is a giant in Silicon Valley.34 What can we infer from Franklin Foer’s argument about the tech?A It promotes social development.B It is still favored by some people.C It is worse than Big Tobacco.D It offers continuing nutrition.35 Which can be the best title for the passage?A Creating a No Smartphone LifeB Smartphones Enrich Our Social LifeC Smoking Does Greater Harm Than Smartphones DoD Quitting Smartphones Is the New Quitting Smoking第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

深圳市 2018 届高三年级第二次调研考试理科综合可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 O 16 Mg 24 P 31 Fe 56 Co 59 Ga 70第I 卷一、选择题 : 本题共 13 小题，每小题 6 分，共 78 分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1．细胞膜上分布有载体蛋白和受体蛋白等功能蛋白，载体蛋白和受体蛋白的共同特点有A．与相关物质的结合具有特异性B．相结合的物质均为小分子有机物C．均能识别细胞外来的信息分子D．其产生过程均由核糖体独立完成2．下列有关分子与细胞的叙述，正确的是A．利用重铬酸钾检测酒精时需要碱性环境B．用含有双缩脲的物质可检测蛋白质的显色情况C．用洋葱根尖分生区细胞难以观察到质壁分离现象D．低温条件下保存过程的蛋白酶催化能力会丧失3．图示最适浓度和pH 值条件下，反应物浓度对某种酶所催化的化学反应速率的影响，有关分析正确的是A． A 点时，适当提高温度可以提高反应速率B． B 点时，酶的数量限制了反应速率的提高C． B 点时，影响反应速率的条件主要是pH 值D． C 点时，酶活性和化学反应速率升至最大值4．科研人员将禁食一段时间的实验小鼠随机分为甲、乙、丙、丁4组，向甲、乙、丙3组腹腔注射等量胰岛素溶液，丁组腹腔注射生理盐水，一段时间后，甲、乙、丙三组出现反应迟钝、嗜睡等症状，而丁组未出现这些症状，有关说法错误的是A．通过该实验能探究胰岛素的生理作用B．直接给乙注射葡萄糖有利于缓解症状C．给丙注射胰高血糖素有利于缓解症状D．给丁注射胰岛素后能大幅度增加尿量5．将休眠状态的糖枫种子与湿沙混合后放在0~5℃的低温下 1~2 个月，就可以使种子提前萌发。

图示糖枫种子在处理过程中各种激素含量的变化。

由此可推测A．脱落酸和细胞分裂素对种子的萌发都起促进作用B．脱落酸和赤霉素含量相等时细胞分裂素含量较高C．图中 3 种激素在不同的时间段都可能发挥一定作用D．先使用细胞分裂素和脱落酸有利于种子提早萌发6．已知豌豆种子的黄色(Y) 对绿色 (y) 、高杆 (D) 对矮杆 (d) 是显性，这两对性状独立遗传。

2018年广东省深圳市宝安区中考英语二模试卷副标题一、单选题（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）1.- How often do you travel abroad？- Seldom． I have only been to one foreign country．（）A. NeverB. UsuallyC. Not often2.- Lots of people talk about Mark Zuckerberg recently．-Yes． The co-founder of Facebook has got into trouble．（）A. latelyB. rapidlyC. immediately3.- With the development of science and technology， payment methods are convenient．-Exactly! But at the same time， I spend much more money than before．（）A. easy and quickB. useless but cheapC.difficult and slow4.- The government in Bao'an Environment Protection Bureau （环保局） has put over ten billion yuan to control water pollution in Bao'an District．-Great! Water pollution is a major problem in this city， but I'm sure the environment in Shenzhen will be better and better．（）A. very boringB. very importantC. very interesting5.-I heard that Tim was arrested． What happened to him？-The customs officer at the airport checked his bag and found drugs．（）A. knewB. caughtC. examined6.- Do you enjoy reading novels？-Of course． I've read up to50 novels since last year．（）A. at mostB. at lastC. at least7.- We should try our best to guard against the school bullying．-Why not make a public speech to educate and protect the students？（）A. solveB. preventC. protect8.- What do you think of Professor Wang's speech？-It's good， to a certain degree． But I think Professor Chen's is better．（）A. partlyB. clearlyC. finally9.If you _______ todo something， you would like to do it rather than anything else．（）A. tryB. hateC. prefer10.The traffic is not so heavy here on _______ because most people are at school or at work．（）A. holidaysB. weekdaysC. weekends11.- Excuse me． but I'm very tired after a long walk． May I enter the hall and have a rest？-I'm sorry， sir． Nobody can come in without _______．（）A. decisionB. permissionC. impression12.- Wow! The Dragon Boat Festival is coming soon．- Yes， I'm looking forward to it because we can eat _______ Chinese food Zongzi asw ell as watch the dragon boat race．（）A. traditionalB. fashionableC. international13.- What about the traffic in Shenzhen？- Well， it's really heavy in rush hours， so if I drive to work， I often _______ that per iod．It's really time-killing for me．（）A. keepB. avoidC. start14.- Look，how do you like Miss Li's dress？-It looks OK， but compared with Miss Huang's， it's a bit _______． Miss Huang isal ways fashionable．（）A. out of dateB. out of mindC. out of place15.- When and where did the accident _______？-It happened just opposite the bank． Luckily， only the car was damaged but nobody was hurt．（）A. take upB. take offC. take place二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共15.0分）Built to keep enemies from the country，the Great Wall is considered a wonder of architecture （建筑）．The Great Wall was(16)in different sections during the Warring States Period （战国时期）．Later，Emperor Qin Shihuang connected these big walls together into avery(17)one that was about 5 ，000 kilometers．In the Ming Dynasty，many newparts of the Great Wall，which are still in good condition today，were built．Famous for its wonderful view，the Great Wall attracts millions of(18)each year，and over 400 leaders of countries around the world have visited it．But now the long wall is(19)．One third of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty has disappeared，Xinhuareported．One reason for that is the(20)of the Great Wall，some parts are as old as over 500years old．Strong wind and rain has slowly destroyed it．Another(21)is that people have no awareness that they have to protect it，some people even(22)the bricks（砖）of the Great Wall and sold them for money．Some sections of the Great Wall are so(23)damaged that they need to be repaired as soon as possible．Luckily，the government in our country is trying to repair the Great Wall．But it is such abig project that it needs(24)time and money to be completed．To make sure that theGreat Wall remains a great wonder，(25)should help protect it because it's our duty todo so．16. A. built B. burnt C. buried17. A. tiny B. long C. short18. A. builders B. enemies C. tourists19. A. in time B. in danger C. in a hurry20. A. age B. weight C. height21. A. wall B. result C. reason22. A. stole B. matched C. brought23. A. lately B. lightly C. seriously24. A. no B. much C. little25. A. nobody B. somebody C. everybody三、阅读理解（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）AOn March 25 ，a special concert was performed by youth musicians who are native to Shenzhen at Shenzhen Concert Hall as a part of the 2018Shenzhen Belt & Road International Music Festival．At the concert，the following youth artists gave their wonderful？a．Pan Linzib．Dong Feifeic．Liao Shangwend．ZhangweiA. a and bB. b and cC. a and cD. b and d27.What do Liao Shangwen and Zhang Wei have in common？______A. They are both famous violinists．B. They both started music lessons at six．C. They both attended Shenzhen Arts School．D. They are both studying at the Juilliard School．28.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？______A. Dong Feifei started learning to play the piano at the age of nine．B. A special concert was performed by youth musicians on April 25．C. Zhang Wei was accepted by Shenzhen Arts School as a student in 2007．D. The four youth artists have won many national and international awards．29.Which part of a newspaper is this passage most probably from？______A. SportsB. CultureC. WorldD. SocietyBOn the Labor Day，I went back to my hometown in Hunan Province with my parents．We visited our relatives，enjoyed natural view and tasted many kinds of delicious food that canonly be found in the countryside．However，the most exciting thing was catching fish．That was a wonderful afternoon．The weather was pleasant and the wind was soft．After having a big meal，my uncle and my two cousins decided to catch somefish for lunch the next day．They invited me to join them and see how they catch fish to earn money．They put on special coats and boots，and then headed to the pond．The bottom of the pond was filled with thick mud，so I thought it was difficult to catch fish there．My uncle and my cousins jumped into the pond．The pond had a special drainage（排水）system so they could lead some water into another place，which made it easier to catch fish．After a while，the water level dropped and big fishes appeared．I was so amazed to see that the fishes here were two times bigger than regular ones．Out of breath，the fishes couldn't do anything but kept jumping．A great amount of mud splashed out（溅出）from the pond onto our clothes．My uncle and my cousins caught some fish skillfully．The basket was full of fishes two hours later，and they were then sent to the market．I will never forget this interesting and pleasant afternoon!30.According to the writer，what was the most exciting thing during the Labor Day？______A. Catching fish．B. Visiting relatives．C. Enjoying natural view．D. Tasting delicious food．31.When did the writer go catching fish with his/her uncle and cousins？______A. In the morning．B. In the evening．C. In the afternoon．D. The next day．32.What does the underlined word " ones" in the third paragraph refer to in the passage？______A. pondsB. fishesC. mealsD. baskets33.What did the writer think of this experience？______A. Boring．B. Tiring．C. Uncomfortable．D. Unforgettable．CDo you feel sad，empty，and hopeless most of the dayor nearly every day？Have you lost interest or pleasure in your hobbies or being with friends and family？Are you having trouble sleeping，eating，and functioning？If you have felt this way for at least 2 weeks，you may have got Depression（抑郁症）．Actually，everyone feels sad or low，nervous or worried sometimes，but these feelings usually pass with a little time．Depression is a mood disorder that affects daily activities．We should pay attention to the fact that more and more Chinese middle school students are suffering from emotional problems．According to a survey，more than 16 percent of Chinese middle school students have emotional problems now．The main reason is that they fear they can't realize their parents' expectation，another reason is caused by the stress of too many exams，and an unhappy family life can also lead to Depression．If you know someone who has emotional problems，help him or her see a health care provider or mental health professional first．You can also offer support，understanding，patience，and encouragement．Besides，you can invite him or her out for walks，outings，and other outdoor activities．You'd better encourage him or her to take part in different kinds of social activities，such as helping the old and the homeless，cleaning the parks，planting trees and so on．Through such activities，he or she may touch the lives of others and make his orher life more colorful，his or her mood may be better and better．34.Over 16% of Chinese middle school students have emotional problems because ______ ．A. they have unhappy family livesB. they feel the stress of too many examsC. they fear they can't realize their parents' expectationsD. all of the reasons above35.If you know someone who has emotional problems，you can do the following thingsEXCEPT ______ ．A. asking people to stay away from him and keeping him aloneB. inviting him out for walks，outings，and other outdoor activitiesC. encouraging him to take part in different kinds of social activitiesD. helping him see a health care provider or mental health professional36.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？______A. Anyone who feels sad or low，nervous or worried has got Depression．B. Depression is a mood disorder that will not affect everyday activities．C. Few Chinese middle school students are suffering from emotional problems．D. Someonewho has emotional problems may be better throughsome activities．37.What is the writer's purpose of writing this passage？______A. To discuss why people may have emotional problems．B. To introduce the students who have emotional problems．C. To call on people's help for those who have emotional problems．D. To set up organizations to help people who have emotional problems．DIn order to create a better and greener environment and encourage people to transportation，China will release more policies（政策）this year to help the development new energy vehicles （NEVs）．The buying of NEVs will be greatly supported by the local government．Firstly，during the following three years from 2018，the local government will continue to reduce taxes（税）for NEVs．Besides，Chinese banks will offer a lot of policies to attract people to buy new energy vehicles．For example，many banks have announced new loan（借贷）policies to allow new energy vehicle buyers to borrow a larger part of the buying price，and some banks have announced that the people who buy new energy vehicles will be able to borrow up 85percent of the cost from banks，up from 80 percent in the past．NEVs refer to vehicles powered by non-traditional fuel，such as electric and hybrid（混合动力）vehicles．Many famous car companies have developed NEVs，such as Audi Q7e-tron，Toyota Hybrid，Tesla Model S and BYD Qin．Thanks to helpful government policies，China's NEV market has seen rapid growth in recent years．In 2017，a total of 777 ，000 new energy vehicles were sold in the Chinese market，up 53 .3 percent year on year，the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers reported．Such environment friendly products like NEVs are our future of transportation．To develop this can reduce the greenhouse gases and protect our environment．All of us should have the awareness of being green．38.Starting from this year，the money that can be borrowed from the bank will increaseby______ for those people who buy new energy vehicles．A. 85%B. 80%C. 10%D. 5%39.The local government will continue to reduce taxes（税）for NEVs until ______ ．A. 2020B. 2019C. 2018D. 201740.Which of the following types of vehicles is NOT NEVs？______A. Audi A6B. Toyota HybridC. Tesla Model SD. BYD Qin41.The main reason that China made more policies to help the development of NEVs is______ ．A. to help the development of the banksB. to improve the growth of the car marketC. to create a better and greener environmentD. to prevent the NEV buyers'rights and interestsEIn the last years of the Warring States Period，the state of Qin attacked the state of Wei repeatedly and occupied large areas of Wei's land，for Wei was too weak to defend itself．In 273 BC，the Qin army launched another attack，which was much fiercer than ever．The king of Wei called his officials together and asked with a worried look，Can anyone think of a way to defeat the Qin army？" After years of wars，the officials trembled with fear when fighting was mentioned，and no one dared to speak of resistance（抵抗）．Most of the officials persuaded the king to sue for peace（求和），at the cost of giving away Qin the large area ofland north of the Yellow River and south of the Taihang Mountain．However，Su Dai，a counsellor（谋士），did not agree．He told a story．"once there was a man whose house was on fire．People told him to put out the fire with water．But instead he carried a faggot（柴捆），which only made the fire fiercer，to put out the fire．As the same，Qin will never stop attacking us until our land is totally given away．If you agree to sue for peace at the cost of the land，isn't it the same as carrying faggots to put out a fire？" Although Su Dai's words were reasonable，the king of Wei only wanted the peace at that moment，so he did what other officials suggested．In 225 AD，Qin attacked Wei again，just like Su Dai forecasted．42.According to the word " trembled" in the second paragraph，we can infer that the officialsin the state of Wei were ______ ．A. afraidB. gentleC. excitedD. careful43.What's the best title of Su Dai's story？______A. Borrow Power to Do Evil．B. Carry Faggots to Put Out a Fire．C. Every Bush and Tree Looks like an Enemy．D. Mistake the Reflection of a Bow for a Snake．44.What did Su Dai want to express by telling the story？______A. Getting something done too eagerly will only make it worse．B. Working hard will make a person become successful in the future．C. Taking measures without attention to the changes will lead to a failure．D. Using a wrong method to save a situation will end up by makingitworse．45.What would probably happen to the state of Wei finally？______A. It would win the war．B. It would make Qin sue for peace．C. It would be destroyed by Qin．D. It would remain safe for a long time．四、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）46.Nowadays more and more people are learning the Chinese language all over theworld．Last year，more than 200 activities (1) （hold）during the Chinese Language Year inRussia．It not only made Chinese culture popular in Russia，but also improved understanding and friendship (2) Russians and Chinese．Through the activities，Russian people had (3) chance to learn more about China．Forexample，a group of 500 students (4) came from Russian universities visitedBeijing，Dalian and Qingdao．There they painted both (5) （country）landmarks，suchas the Great Wall and the Red Square．When the Russian students returned，they took part in a photo show (6) （express）their love for China．They learnt a lot about the Chineseculture and history during the visit．What a (7) （mean）experience for them!According to a survey，the young people in Russia have become (8) （interest）inlearning Chinese than before．At present，more than 130 universities are offering Chinesecourses．More than 20 middle and primary schools are teaching Chinese as their(9) （one）foreign language．With the development of China，the Chinese language may be (10) （wide）spoken around the world one day in the future．五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）47.假如你是李明，是深圳科学俱乐部的一员，听到斯蒂芬•霍金（Stephen Hawking）演讲去世的消息很难过．你决定做-次公开演讲，以此悼念2018年3月14日霍金的去世．演讲稿内容包括：（1）霍金生平介绍：1942年在英国英国出生，21岁时被确诊（be diagnosed with）患有肌肉萎缩性侧索硬化症（ALS），从此成了残疾人，但他的幽默和自信激励了很多人．（2）霍金成就：历史上最伟大的物理学家之一，对黑洞（Black Holes）的理论震惊全世界的人们．著作有A Brief of Time和The Universe in a Nutshell等．（3）你的号召：学习霍金的……精神（至少两点）并欢迎大家加入深圳科学俱乐部．要求（1）演讲稿内容必须包含以上的提示内容，可适当发挥；（2）表达清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范；（3）文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和校名；（4）字数要求80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）．参考词汇：inspire physicist strong with the spirit ofLadies and gentlemen， it's my great honor to make a speech here．I'm a member of Shenzhen Science Club． I'm terribly sorry to hear that Stephen Hawki ng passed away on March 14th， 2018．______________That'sall． Thanks for your listening!答案和解析1.【答案】C【解析】考查副词词义辨析．A．Never从不；B．Usually通常；C．Not often不常．根据I have only been to one foreign country．可知应是不常，很少的意思，结合选项，Not often意为不常．故选：C．你多久出国一次？很少．我只出过一次国．仔细分析句子的结构，掌握三个选项的含义，根据I have only been to one foreign country，结合选项作答．2.【答案】A【解析】考查副词词义辨析．A．lately最近；B．rapidly迅速地；C．immediately立刻．根据Lots of people talk about Mark Zuckerberg recently．可知最近很多人都在谈论马克扎克伯格．结合选项，lately意为最近．故选：A．-最近很多人都在谈论马克扎克伯格．-是的．Facebook的联合创始人陷入了困境．理解三个选项的含义，根据Lots of people talk about Mark Zuckerberg recently．结合选项作答．3.【答案】A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析．A．easy and quick方便快捷；B．useless but cheap无用的但是便宜；C．difficult and slow困难和缓慢；根据With the development of science and technology，payment methods are convenient．可知随着科学技术的发展，支付方式也很方便．convenient意为方便的，easy and quick意为方便快捷．故选：A．随着科学技术的发展，支付方式也很方便．确实不错!但与此同时，我花的钱比以前多得多．了解各个选项的含义，根据题干With the development of science and technology，payment methods are convenient．分析词语的意思，结合选项作答．4.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词．A很无聊的，B很重要的，C很有趣的；根据句意"水污染是这个城市的主要问题，但我相信深圳的环境会越来越好．"可知，major的意思是"主要的，重要的"．故选：B．--宝安环境保护局政府投入一百多亿元治理宝安区水污染．--太好了！水污染是这个城市的主要问题，但我相信深圳的环境会越来越好．词意辨析，要牢记单词的词意及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案．5.【答案】C【解析】know：知道；catch：抓住；examine：检查；check：检查．check与examine同义．故选：C．--我听说Tom被拘留了．他怎么了？--海关人员在机场对检查了他的包，并发现了毒品．此题需要结合选项意思与题干意思，选择正确答案．6.【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语．A最多．B终于．C至少．结合语境"--你喜欢看小说吗？--当然．去年以来我已经读了多达50本小说．"．可知，up to多达．可以表达为at most最多．故选：A．--你喜欢看小说吗？--当然．去年以来我已经读了多达50本小说．此题知识点是考查介词短语的同义词．结合所给介词短语．掌握一些同义词的用法．结合语境，完成试题．7.【答案】B【解析】考查动词．A解决．B防止．C保护．结合语境"我们应该尽最大努力防止学校欺负．"．guard against 防范、防止．可以表达为prevent防止．故选：B．--我们应该尽最大努力防止学校欺负．--为什么不进行公开演讲来教育和保护学生呢？此题知识点是考查动词的同义词．结合语境，分析动词词意，选择合适的同义词完成试题．8.【答案】A【解析】考查副词．A在一定程度上，部分地．B清楚地．C最后．结合语境"--你觉得王教授的演讲怎么样？--在一定程度上是好的，但我认为陈教授更好．"．to a certain degree在一定程度上．可以表达为partly在一定程度上．故选：A．--你觉得王教授的演讲怎么样？--在一定程度上是好的，但我认为陈教授更好．此题知识点是考查副词的同义词．要结合语境，辨析副词用法，选择合适答案完成试题．9.【答案】C【解析】考查动词．A尝试．B恨．C喜欢．结合语境"如果你__做某事，你宁愿做它而不愿做其它的事情．"．可知，应该是"更喜欢"．故选：C．如果你更喜欢做某事，你宁愿做它而不愿做其它的事情．动词是表示动作或者是状态的词，要结合语境，注意时态，人称等变化，掌握一些固定搭配．选择合适答案完成试题．10.【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析．A．holidays假日；B．weekdays平日，工作日；C．weekends 周末．根据because most people are at school or at work．可知这里平时交通不太拥挤．故选：B．这里平时交通不太拥挤，因为大多数人都在上学或工作．理解三个名词的含义，根据题干because most people are at school or at work，结合选项作答．11.【答案】B【解析】A决定；B允许；C印象．根据句意"对不起，先生．没有允许没有人可以进来．"可知要填"允许"．故选：B．-劳驾．走了很长的路我有点累了．我可以进去大厅休息吗？-对不起，先生．没有允许没有人可以进来．名词词意辨析，要牢记单词的词意及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案．12.【答案】A【解析】考查形容词．A传统的．B时尚的．C国际的．结合语境"--哇呜！端午节马上就要到了．--是的，我很期待，因为我们可以吃___中国食物粽子和观看龙舟比赛．"．可知，应该是"传统的"．故选：A．--哇呜！端午节马上就要到了．--是的，我很期待，因为我们可以吃传统的中国食物粽子和观看龙舟比赛．形容词的种类有很多，要根据具体语境选择适当的形容词．抓住关键词语，分析用法，完成试题．13.【答案】B【解析】考查动词．A保持．B避开．C开始．结合语境"--深圳的交通情况如何？--嗯，在高峰时间非常拥挤，所以如果我开车上班，我经常__那个时期，这对我来说真的是受折磨的时间．"．可知，应该是"避开"．故选：B．--深圳的交通情况如何？--嗯，在高峰时间非常拥挤，所以如果我开车上班，我经常避开那个时期，这对我来说真的是受折磨的时间．动词是表示动作或者是状态的词，要结合语境，注意时态，人称等变化，掌握一些固定搭配．选择合适答案完成试题．14.【答案】A【解析】A过时的，不时髦的．B发狂，疯狂；心不在焉；开小差；C不在应在的位置；不合适；不恰当；不协调；根据句意"看起来不错，但是和黄小姐的相比，有点过时了．黄小姐总是很时尚的．"可知要填"过时的，不时髦的"．故选：A．-看，你觉得李小姐的裙子怎么样？-看起来不错，但是和黄小姐的相比，有点过时了．黄小姐总是很时尚的．做单项选择填空的技巧是：排除比较法．根据上下文意思或时间状语，推断出合适的时态，排除错误的答案，然后再比较剩下的选择项，从而做出正确的答案．15.【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语．A占用．B起飞．C发生．结合语境"--事故___在何时何地？--正好发生在银行对面．幸运的是，只有汽车损坏了，但是没有人受伤．"．可知，应该是"发生"．故选：C．--事故发生在何时何地？--正好发生在银行对面．幸运的是，只有汽车损坏了，但是没有人受伤．考查动词短语，在日常学习中要积累一些动词短语的固定用法，结合语境，选择合适的搭配．完成试题．16.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】B 【小题3】C 【小题4】B 【小题5】A【小题6】C 【小题7】A 【小题8】C 【小题9】B 【小题10】C 【解析】1．A 考查动词辨析．A建造；B燃烧；C燃烧；根据后面in different sections during the Warring States Period 战国时期的不同年代，长城应该是建于此时，故答案是A．2．B 考查形容词辨析．A极小的；B长的；C短的；根据后面about 5 ，000 kilometers大约5000公里，非常长，故答案是B．3．C 考查名词辨析．A建造者；B军队；C游人；根据后面have visited it参观，应该是游人，故答案是C．4．B 考查短语辨析．A及时；B危险；C匆忙；根据后面One third of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty has disappeared，明代长城的三分之一消失了应该是处于危险中，故答案是B．5．A 考查名词辨析．A年龄；B体重；C身高；根据后面 some parts are as old as over 500years old有些部分超过500年了，应该是年代久远，故答案是A．6．C 考查名词辨析．A墙；B结果；C原因；根据前面One reason一个原因．这里应该是另一个原因，故答案是C．7．A 考查动词辨析．A偷；B观看；C买；根据后面the bricks（砖）of the Great Wall and sold them for money长城的砖头，卖了钱，应该是偷卖了，故答案是A．8．C 考查副词辨析．A晚的；B轻地；C严重地；根据后面they need to be repaired as soon as possible需要忙修复，应该是破坏非常严重，故答案是C．9．B 考查形容词辨析．A没有；B很多；C几乎没有；根据 But it is such abig project that it needs（9）time and money to be completed如此大的工程需要更多的钱和时间，故答案是B．10．C 考查代词辨析．A没有人；B某人；C所有人；根据后面should help protect it because it's our duty todo so．保护长城是我们的责任，应该是所有人的责任，故答案是C．文章主要介绍了中国的长城，修建时间，长度的修护和维护．考查完型填空．根据所给的短文对意思有所了解，然后根据短文的大体意思，选择每个符合题意的答案，使短文更通顺．26.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】A 【小题3】C 【小题4】B【解析】1．A．考查细节理解题，根据图片（1）Shenzhen has been famed for cultivating world-class pianists， and Pan Linzi is o ne among the younger generation of pianists who enjoy worldwide fame．可知： Pan Linzi是享誉世界的年轻一代钢琴家之一．根据图片（2）She is also known as a genius pianist．可知：Dong Feifei也被称为天才钢琴家．故选：A．2．A．考查推理判断题，根据图片（3）Cellist Liao Shangwen took his first cello lesson at the age of seven when he was chosen to attend Xiamen Music School．可知：大提琴家廖尚文七岁时参加了第一堂大提琴课，当时他被选上厦门音乐学院．根据图片（4）Zhang Wei is a violinist born in Shenzhen in 1998． At nine， he was accepted by Shenzhen Arts School as a student of violin． Zhang has attended several master c lasses by many famous violinists like Sergei Fatkulin from Spain．可知：张伟是1998在深圳出生的小提琴家，六岁时开始学习小提琴．九岁时，他被深圳艺术学院录取为小提琴手．由此可以推断出：这两个人的共同点是他们都是著名的提琴家．故选：A．3．C．考查推理判断题，根据图片（4）Zhang Wei is a violinist born in Shenzhen in 1998．At nine，he was accepted by Shenzhen Arts School as a student of violin．可知：张伟是1998在深圳出生的小提琴家．九岁时，他被深圳艺术学院录取为小提琴手．由此可以推断出：1998+9=2007年，2007年他被深圳艺术学院录取为小提琴手．故选：C．4．B．考查推理判断题，根据文章开头On March 25 ， a special concert was performed by youth musicians who are nati ve to Shenzhen at Shenzhen Concert Hall as a part of the 2018Shenzhen Belt & R oad International Music Festival．可知：这篇短文主要介绍了2018年深沪一带国际音乐节上举办了一场特别的音乐会．结合表格内容可知：这里介绍了Pan Linzi、Dong Feifei、LiaoShangwen、Zhang Wei这四位青年艺术家的才艺．由此可以推断出：这篇文章可能节选于文化部分．故选：B．这篇短文主要介绍了2018年深沪一带国际音乐节上举办了一场特别的音乐会，四位青年艺术家表现突出．首先要通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据上下文的联系以及本文的文意，结合给出的选择项，就可以确定正确答案．30.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】C 【小题3】B 【小题4】D【解析】1 A 细节理解题：根据However， the most exciting thing was catching fish．然而，最令人兴奋的是捕鱼．故选A．2 C 细节理解题：根据That was a wonderful afternoon，那是个美好的下午．my uncle and my two cousins decided to catch somefish我叔叔和我的表弟决定捉一些鱼．故选C．3 B 词义理解题：根据I was so amazed to see that the fishes here were two times bigger than regular on es．我惊奇地发现这里的鱼比普通的鱼大两倍．故ones指代前文的fishes，故选B．4 D 推理判断题：根据I will never forget this interesting and pleasant afternoon!我永远不会忘记这个有趣而愉快的下午！故选D．在劳动节，我和父母一起回到湖南省的故乡．我们拜访了亲戚，欣赏了自然风光，品尝到了在乡间只能找到的各种美味佳肴．然而，最令人兴奋的是捕鱼．下文具体向我们介绍了捕鱼的过程和给作者带来的快乐．解答阅读理解这类试题时，务必充分理解上下文的语境和前后文的逻辑关系，找到解题的依据和线索，准确作答．34.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】D 【小题4】C【解析】1．D．细节理解题．根据第二段The main reason is that they fear they can't realize their parents' expectation，another reason is caused by the stress of too many exams，and an unhappy family life can also lead to Depression．最主要的原因是他们担心自己无法实现父母的期望，另一个原因是由于考试太多而造成的压力，而不幸的家庭生活也会导致抑郁．可知，A，B，C都正确．选D．2．A．细节理解题．根据最后一段If you know someone who has emotional problems，help him or her see a health care provider or mental health professional first．You can also offer support，understanding，patience，and encouragement．Besides，you can invite him or her out for walks，outings，and other outdoor activities．You'd better encourage him or her to take part indifferent kinds of social activities，如果你知道有抑郁症问题的人，帮助他或她先去看一个医疗保健提供者或心理健康专家．你也可以提供支持、理解、耐心和鼓励．此外，你可以邀请他或她外出散步、远足和其他户外活动．你最好鼓励他或她参加各种社会活动，可知，除了要求人们远离他，让他独处．选A．3．D．推理判断题．根据最后一句Through such activities，he or she may touch the lives of others and make his orher life more colorful，his or her mood may be better and better．通过这样的活动，他或她可以接触到他人的生活，使他的生活更加丰富多彩，他或她的心情可能会越来越好．可知，D选项"有抑郁症的人通过一些活动可能是更好的"正确．选D．4．C．主旨大意题．根据最后一段If you know someone who has emotional problems，help him or her see a health care provider or mental health professional first如果你知道有抑郁症的人，帮助他或她先看一个医疗保健提供者或心理健康专家．可知，作者呼吁人们帮助那些有抑郁症的人．选C．这是一篇健康环保类阅读，主要介绍很多学生有抑郁症的问题，主要原因是担心自己无法实现父母的期望，另外考试压力太大，家庭生活不幸福．也会导致抑郁症．作者号召人们帮助有抑郁症的人．并列举了一些方法．阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解．根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题．38.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】A 【小题4】C【解析】1．D 细节理解题，根据and some banks have announced that the people who buy new energy vehicles wil l be able to borrow up 85percent of the cost from banks， up from 80 percent in t he past．（购买新能源汽车的人将能够从银行借85%，过去是80%．）可知从今年开始，对购买新能源汽车的人来说，可以向银行借的钱将会增加5%，故答案为：D．2．A 细节理解题，根据Firstly， during the following three years from 2018， the local government will continue to reduce taxes（税） for NEVs．（从2018年起今后三年内，地方政府将继续降低新能源汽车的税收），即地方政府将继续减少对新能源汽车的税收，直到2020年．故答案为：A．3．A 细节理解题，根据Many famous car companies have developed NEVs， such as Audi Q7e-tron， To yota Hybrid， Tesla Model S and BYD Qin（许多著名的汽车公司已经开发了新能源汽车，如奥迪Q7e-tron、丰田混合动力车、特斯拉S型车和比亚迪秦．）可知Audi A6不是新能源汽车，故答案为：A．4．C细节理解题，根据In order to create a better and greener environment and encourage people to trans portation， China will release more policies（政策） this year to help the development new energy vehicles（为了创造更好更绿色的环境，鼓励人们出行，今年中国将出台更多政策帮助发展新能源汽车）．可知中国制定更多政策帮助NEVs发展的主要原因是创造更好、更环保的环境，故答案为：C．本文介绍的是新能源汽车．为了创造更好更绿色的环境，鼓励人们出行，今年中国将出台更多政策帮助发展新能源汽车．从2018年起今后三年内，地方政府将继续降低新能源汽车的税收．此外，中国银行将提供许多政策来吸引人们购买新能源汽车．做题的时候要看清要求，要在理解好文意的基础上，与题目有机的结合，从文章中找到相关细节性的句子从而得出符合文章内容的正确答案．42.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】B 【小题3】D 【小题4】C【解析】1．A．考查语义猜测题，根据After years of wars， the officials trembled with fear when fighting was mentione d， and no one dared to speak of resistance（抵抗）．可知：经过多年的战争，官员。

广东省深圳市中考英语二模试卷题号I II III IV V总分得分一、单选题（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）1.-540robots danced at the same time at the Spring Festival Gala．It was really amazing．-Yes．Gradually，robots have displaced factory workers．（ ）A. looked afterB. taken placeC. taken the place of2.-Why does Mary want to go to the concert？-Because she is a big fan of TF BOYS．She is dying to go to this concert．（ ）A. plans toB. really wants toC. remembers to3.-I think everyone can make a difference to the environment through his or her effort．-That's true．Everyone should try to do something for our environment．（ ）A. have an effect onB. make friends withC.keep in touch with4.-What did the nurse say？-She told the boy to keep still while taking his temperature．（ ）A. not to speakB. not to sleepC. not to move5.-Tim is ahead of me in Maths．Maybe I can ask him for help．-I think so．He is always ready to help others．（ ）A. is more interested inB. is better than me atC. helps me learn6.-Don't always fix your eyes on your phone，Terry．You should work hard at your studies．-Sorry，Mum．I won't do that again．（ ）A. be worried aboutB. think aboutC. focus on7.-Jack，what do you think of the book you bought last week？-That book is a little over my head，because there are too many new words in it．（ ）A. expensiveB. difficultC. interesting8.-Mike should have arrived at 4：00for the football match，but he didn't come along．Do you know why？-A little boy lost his way and Mike helped him find his mum．（ ）A. turn onB. set offC. show up9.An_________ is something that someone has succeeded in doing，especially after a lot of effort．（ ）A. achievementB. adventureC. advantage10.If you_________ something that you have done，you wish that you had not done it．（ ）A. repeatB. regretC. praise11.-Ms Chen was so _________ that she told me three times how to work out the Maths problem．-I have made a_________ to be a responsible teacher like her．（ ）A. patient； decisionB. cheerful； solutionC. nervous； direction12.-Fiona is crying over there．You should_________ yourself for being so rude to her．-Sorry．I will apologize to her．（ ）A. be accused ofB. be bored withC. feel ashamed of13.-Do you like those photos in my circle of friends？I took them in my hometown Heyuan．-Sure．Theyme life in the countryside．（ ）A. let …downB. remind…ofC. wake…up14.-Linda，how are youwith your new classmates？-At first I felt，but now we are good friends．（ ）A. getting along； outof placeB. mixing； out of dateC. making friends； out of sight15.-My two-year-old brother broke my cups into pieces and it really________．-My little sister is not so naughty and she's very cute．（ ）A. made me happyB. played a joke on meC. drove me mad二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）Delia was a young pianist．Her husband，Joe，was a young artist．Each of them was taking lessons：Joe with a famous art teacher，and Delia with agreat(16)from Germany．Their teachers were the very best，so lessons were(17)，more than they could really afford，but when you love your art，nothing is too much．But soon the money began to(18)，and they couldn't afford the lessons any more．Then one day Delia came back home and told Joe that she had met a man whose daughter，Sally，wanted to learn to play the piano，and he was going to pay her 50 an hour．"Delia，"Joe said，"I'll be much(19)if you keep up your lessons，"Delia said it didn't matter．"When I've made some money，I'll(20)But Joe also decided to stop his lessons，to draw pictures and sell them．A few days later，Joe came home and(21)．took $200 from his pocket．"I met a man from Vermont，"he said，"who bought one of my(22)．And he wants to buy more!"So the two of them were very happy．They didn't have to(23) money any more．Then，one day，Joe came home and saw that Delia's hand was wrapped in a bandage （绷带）．He asked her what had happened．"Oh，"said Delia．"My student，Sally，askedme to make some coffee for her．I dropped the coffee and burned my hand．Sally went，straight to the drugstore （药店）and got this bandage for me．""Delia，what have you been doing the last two weeks？"Joe asked．She tried not to tell him，but the tears came．"Oh Joe，I couldn't get any students，so I(24) a waitress in a restaurant．Today，I burnt my hand with hot water．So I can't work anymore．But we'llstill have money from the man in Vermont，won't we？"Joe looked at her．"There's no man in Vermont，"he said．"I've been working in a(25)，and today someone came in to buy bandages for a woman who burnt her hand．So when I saw you，well，I guessed．"16. A. scientist B. artist C. pianist17. A. expensive B. cheap C. interesting18. A. turn off B. run out C. throw away19. A. poorer B. busier C. happier20. A. stop B. continue C. travel21. A. angrily B. sadly C. proudly22. A. pictures B. pianos C. photos23. A. look after B. worry about C. care for24. A. disagreed with B. fought against C. worked as25. A. drugstore B. bookstore C. restaurant三、阅读理解（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）AGood books are like wise friends．They support you，and help you understand the world．TIME and AMAZON listed some of the best books of 2015for young readers．Teens have picked out three of them．Have you read all of them？Absolutely AlmostLisa Graff，USAlbie has always been an"almost"．He's almost good at sports．He's almost smart enough to pass his spelling test．He almost makes his parents proud．In fact，Albie has a long list of the things he^not very good at．However，things begin to change when Albie gets a new babysitter，Calista．She helps him work out all of the things he is not good at．What will happen to this"almost"boy？This One SummerJillian Tamaki & Mariko Tamki，CanadaEvery summer，Rose goes with her mum and dad to a lake house in Awago Beach．It's their relaxing time．Rose's friend Windy is always there，too．But this summer is different．Rose's mum and dad keep fighting．Rose and Windy want to escape from it，but they find themselves with a whole new set of problems．They meet a local teen，but later he is caught up in something bad…It^really a summer of sorrow （悲伤）and growing up．The Fourteenth Goldfish Jennifer L．Holm，USEleven-year-old Ellie has never liked change．She misses fifth grade．She misses her old best friend．She even misses her dearly dead goldfish．Then one day a strange boy shows up．He looks a lot like Ellie's grandfather，a scientist who's always been crazy about immortality （永生）．Could this strange boy really be Ellie's grandpa？Has he finally found the secret to immortality with Ellie？26.Who wrote the book Absolutely Almost？______A. JenniferB. Holm．B．Mariko Tamaki．C．Jillian Tamaki．D．Lisa Graff．27.What's the difference for Rose this summer？______A. She lost something important．B. She doesn't have a holiday．C. She cannot meet her friend．D. Her parents keep fighting．28.Why does Ellie miss everything in the past？______A. Because she has never liked change．B. Because she meets a strange boy later．C. Because her grandfather is a scientist．D. Because the secret to immortalityis found．29.Which of the following is TRUE？______A. Albie always does well in everything before．B. Good books can help you understand the world．C. Ellie's dearly dead goldfish comes back to life．D. All the books were written by American writers．BIt took 22years，36films and five nominations （提名）for Leonardo DiCaprio to finally win an Oscar．On Feb 28，the American actor accepted the Best Actor Award at the 88th Academy Awards for his performance in The Revenant《荒野猎人》．This marks Leonardo's first Oscar win，22years after he was first nominated for What's Eating Gilbert Grape at the age of 19．Leonardo^career quickly took off after he played Jack in Titanic （1997）．The film was a huge success and made Leonardo a big Hollywood star，as well as the dream boy for girls all around the world．However，it also gave him the reputation （声誉）of being a"pretty boy"．People looked at his face more than his acting．"To change peopled minds，Leonardo has had to work extra hard to choose difficult，less showyRoles，"a Yahoo Movies article wrote．He has played many different roles including a man in a mob （黑帮），a diamond smuggler （走私者），a stockbroker，a criminal in the sci-fi film he Inception《盗梦空间》，and the most recent one，a 19th-century hunter in The Revenant．To play the role，Leonardo worked in very cold weather for seven months．Over half of the time，he was crawling on the ground．He also slept in dead animal bodies and ate a bison liver （野牛肝），even though he's a vegetarian．But Leonardo does not mind giving an all-out effort in every one of his films．He expressed his love of the film industry on the Today Show in January．"You do these films because you love the art form．I did that piece of work，and I gave it everything I could while I was there，"he said．30.How old was Leonardo DiCaprio when he won his first Oscar？______A. 21B. 22．C. 36．D. 41．31.Which film made Leonardo become a top Hollywood star？______A. The Revenant．B. Titanic．C. Inception．D. What s Eating Gilbert Grape．32.Why has Leonardo had to choose some difficult and less showy roles？______A. Because he wants to show he is a pretty boy．B. Because he wishes people looked at his face．C. Because he wants to prove he is a good actor．D. Because he doesn't like to be girls'dream boy．33.The following sentences can describe Leonardo DiCaprio EXCEPT ______ ．A. Leonardo has always given an all-out effort in every one of his filmsB. although Leonardo is a vegetarian，bison liver is his favourite dishC. Leonardo worked extremely hard in the role of a hunter in The RevenantD. when Leonardo was 19years old，he was nominated for the Best Actor Award．CJust as I entered my house，I heard a sound coming from the bedroom upstairs-it was from my favourite violin．"Thief!"I rushed upstairs and saw a boy in dirty clothes pulling my violin down．At first sight，I found a new pair of shoes missing．It seemed he was surely a thief．However，when I saw his eyes full of fear，my anger disappeared．I smiled and asked，"Are you Mr Ram's student Rubens？I'm his butler （男管家）．I've heard Mr Ram saidhis student would come．It must be you．""Has my teacher gone out？"the boy said，"I think I'd better visit him again in a while．"I nodded and asked him，"Do you like playing the violin？"Yes，but I'm too poor to afford one．"the boy replied．Then，I'll give you this violin．"The boy looked at me in surprise，but he picked up the violin．While going out of the room，he suddenly saw a huge photo of me playing the violin at the Grand Theatre of Sydney on the wall．His face turned pale．He stood there for a moment and ran out．He must have understood what had happened because no master would put up the butler^photo on the wall of his living room．A few years later，at a music competition in Melbourne，I was invited to be the judge．Finally，a violin player called Merritt won the first prize．After the prize-giving，Merritt ran to me holding a violin box，his face red，and asked，"Mr Brian，do you still know me？You gave me this violin，which I have treasured eversince!Today，I want to say sorry and give back the violin to you without regret…"He was just the"Mr Ram's student"！34.The writer feltwhen he saw the boy pulling his violin down．______A. angryB. afraidC. sadD. disappointed35.In fact，who was the boy in dirty clothes？______A. The butler's friend．B. A thief in the writer's home．C. Mr Ram's student．D. A visitor to the Ram family．36.The boy's face turned pale probably because he realized ______ ．A. the butler was just the masterB. the master had come back homeC. the butler was a great musicianD. he would be discovered as a thief soon37.The passage mainly tells us that ______ ．A. it is never late to say sorryB. the future is what we make itC. kindness can be better than angerD. success depends on support．DDisney has opened many more parks all over the world since its first theme park，Disneyland，opened in California，US in 1955．Now，besides two in the US，there are three Disney theme parks around the world-in Paris，Tokyo and Hong Kong．This year will be an especially important one for Disney．Shanghai Disneyland will be open on June 16，2016，bringing Disney's I popular parks here to the Chinese mainland for the first time．Shanghai Disneyland，built on a 3.9square kilometre area，is located in Chuansha New Town in Pudong New Area．It is three times bigger than Hong Kong Disneyland．It holds6unique and unforgettable theme lands：Mickey Avenue，Gardens of Imagination，Fantasyland，Adventure Isle，Treasure Cove and Tomorrowland．Fantasy land is the largest park in Shanghai Disneyland．There stands a magnificent Enchanted Storybook Castle，which is the tallest，largest and most amazing Disney Castle in the world．Besides the theme park，Disney also has a pair of official hotels-Shanghai Disneyland Hotel and Toy Story Hotel and has built a large shopping centre，Disneytown．Why has Disneyland been so popular for 61years？Well，its described as 44the Happiest Place on Earth"and"a place for the young and young at heart"．Many Americans have grown up with the parks，as ex-Disneyland President Paul Pressler said："There is an emotional relationship that people have with this park．"Countdown to the opening in June 2016!Get ready to explore Shanghai Disneyland，a fun experience filled with creativity，adventure and thrills!Admission Fee-Adults：regular¥370，peak¥499-Children （between 1-1.4meters）：regular¥280，peak¥375-Seniors （aged 65or above）：regular¥280，peak¥375-Children （below 1metre）：free-Two-day Ticket：5% discountPeak days include weekends，public holidays and July and August．38.How many Disneyland Parks are there all over the world including Shanghai Disneyland？______A. 5．B. 6．C. 7．D. 8．39.The underlined expression"young at heart"in paragraph 3refers to ______ ．A. young peopleB. the Disneyland presidentC. American peopleD. people with young hearts40.Mr Brown is seventy years old．His grandson is two years old and 95cm tall．Theywant to book two Shanghai Disneyland tickets on August 1-2016．How much shouldthey pay？______A. ¥280．B. ¥375．C. ¥655．D. ¥779．41.Which of the following is NOT true about Shanghai Disneyland？______A. Hong Kong Disneyland is much smaller than Shanghai Disneyland．B. Shanghai Disneyland will be the second Disney theme park in China．C. Shanghai Disneyland includes six theme lands，two theme hotels and a shoppingcentre．D. Among all the Disneyland Parks，Shanghai Disneyland owns the largest storybookcastle．EEven the most difficult days can help you become a better person．Feeling down？Consider these things to remember when you are having a bad day．First，no one promised life would be perfect．If you look for perfect things，you'll never be pleased．It is good to have dreams，but you'll never be perfect．If you expect what youcan't get，your life will be filled with disappointments．Second，success doesn't happen overnight．Trees that are slow to grow bear the best fruit．Don't kid yourself into thinking that success will come quickly．It isn't easy to be patient，but anything worth doing needs time．Third，There is a lesson in every struggle （奋斗；努力）．And once the storm is over，you won't remember how you managed to survive．But one thing is certain-when you come outof the storm，you won't be the same person who walked in．In addition，without hard times，you wouldn't appreciate the good ones．Strength does not come from winning．Your struggles develop your strengths-when you go through hardships and decide not to give in，that is strength．It's hard to find much to smile about when you fail，but how else would you improve yourself？If you regard failure as a part of your progress，you'll stay positive．42.Which of the following is the best title of this passage？______A. Every person has to go through difficult times．B. We can learn a lot from our struggles．C. We should accept the fact that life is not perfect．D. Things to remember when you are having a bad day．43.What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3mean？______A. Success will come soon．B. Hard work leads to success．C. Success requires patience．D. Being slow is the first step to success．44.After experiencing the struggle，one will ______ ．A. never be the same person before the experienceB. no longer remember how he has learnedC. forget how he has managed to surviveD. never experience the similar situation in the future45.What can we infer （推断）from paragraph 5？______A. Hard times make us lose heart and be short of courage．B. Perseverance （毅力）in time of hardships develops our strengths．C. Smiles when you fail will not help to improve yourself．D. We should try to avoid failures in the future．四、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）46.The story took place in a small town in winter．One day a man met an old lady (1) Wasstanding by an expensive car．It was clear that her car had broken down．So hestopped his old truck and got out．Although he was (2) （smile），the old lady was worried．"Is he going to hurt me？"The man could see that she was frightened，so in his friendliest voice he said，"I'mhere to help you，madam．Why don't you wait in the car to get warm？By the way，my name is Bryan Anderson．"It took Bryan about fifty minutes (3) （fix）the car．The lady felt quite thankful and she asked how much she should pay him．But Bryan wanted no money．It's very normal (4) him to help others．He said，If you want to repay me，next time you see someone in need，just offer a (5) （friend）hand．"After saying goodbye，the lady continued down the road till she reached a smallcafe．She stopped for something to eat．As the pretty waitress stood next to her，the lady noticed she was nearly nine (6) （month）pregnant （怀孕）．(7) she looked tired，she still served the customers with a smile on her face．As the old lady wasgoing to pay the 10bill，sherememberedBryantwords．Theoldladypaidwitha100 bill．But when the waitress returned with the change，the lady was gone．On the table she saw a small note．Her eyes were (8) （fill）with tears when she read it，"Somebody once helped me the way Tm helping you．If you want to pay me back，continue being kind to others．"Under the note (9) （be）nine more $100 bills．Was the old lady an angel？The waitress was (10) excited that she called her husband to tell him the story．"Bryan…Bryan Anderson my dear…you're not going to believe what has happened …"Love needs to be passed on．Everyone can be an angel．五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）47.随着互联网的发展，智能手机（smart-phone）已被广泛使用．我们身边的"低头族（phubber）"随处可见．请根据图中所示，结合表格所提供的信息，以"Refuse to be phubbers"为题写一篇120词左右的短文．现象弊端影响与家人、朋友的关系（relationship）；容易引发交通事故；对身心健康有害，不利于学习和工作．观点正确利用手机；面对面交流胜过网上聊天…要求：1．短文须包含所有信息，语句通顺、意思连贯，可适当发挥；2．题目与开头已给出，不计入总词数．参考词汇：1．have effects on 2．concentrate on 3．face-to-face conversation 4．make good use ofRefuse to be phubbersWith the development of the Internet，smart-phones are widely used among people．Phubbers can be seen here and there．答案和解析1.【答案】C【解析】答案：C根据上文提到540个机器人在春节联欢晚会上同时跳舞．结合题干Gradually，robots have displaced factory workers．可推知机器人已经逐步地代替工厂工人了．故displace意为"代替"，对照各个选项的意思look after 意为"照顾"；take place"发生"；take the place of"代替"，可知take the place of与划线单词意思一致，故选C-540个机器人在春节联欢晚会上同时跳舞．的确令人称奇．-是的，机器人已经逐步地代替工厂工人了．了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答；所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成2.【答案】B【解析】答案：B．首先明确选项中各个短语的意思，A：计划做某事；B：真的想做某事；C：记着做某事；原句的句意是"因为她是TF BOYS的铁杆粉丝，她非常想去听音乐会．"，由此判断原句中的is dying to 想当于really wants to，故选B．--Mary为什么想去听音乐会？--因为她是TF BOYS的铁杆粉丝，她非常想去听音乐会．了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答；所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成．3.【答案】A【解析】答案：A根据答语That's true．Everyone should try to do something for our environment可知每个人都应该为我们的环境做些事情．可推知每个人都可以通过努力对环境产生影响．故推知make a difference to意为"对…产生影响"对照各个选项的意思have an effect on"对…有影响"；make friends with"和…交朋友"；keep in touch with"和…保持联系"可知have an effect on与划线短语意思相近，故选A -我认为每个人都可以通过努力对环境产生影响．-对．每个人都应该为我们的环境做些事情．了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答；所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成4.【答案】C【解析】答案：C．首先明确选项中各个短语的意思，A：不要说话；B：不要睡觉；C：不要移动；原句的句意是"她告诉那个男孩量体温时不要动．"，由此判断原句中的keep still 想当于not to move，故选C．--刚才那个护士说的什么？--她告诉那个男孩量体温时不要动．了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答；所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成．5.【答案】B【解析】答案：B根据语境可知是表达我和Tim的数学成绩．结合下文Maybe I can ask him for help．可知或许我可以向他请教．故推知Tim 的数学成绩比我好，故be ahead of sb意为"超越某人"结合各个选项的意思is more interested in"对…更感兴趣"；is better than me at"在某方面比我好"helps me learn"帮助我学"可推知is better than me at与划线短语意思相近，故选B-Tim 的数学成绩比我好．或许我可以向他请教．-我想是的．他总是乐于助人．了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答；所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成6.【答案】C【解析】答案：C根据语境You should work hard at your studies．可知妈妈让儿子努力学习．可推知妈妈让儿子不要总盯着手机，故推知fix your eyes on 意为"盯着…"结合各个选项的意思be worried about"担心"；think about"考虑"；focus on"集中于"可知focus on 表达的意思与划线短语意思相近，故选C-Terry，不要总盯着你的手机．你应该努力学习．-对不起，妈妈．我再也不会了．了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答；所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成7.【答案】B【解析】答案：B根据语境可知对方询问上周买的新书怎么样？结合答语because there are too many new words in it．可知新书里面有很多新单词．可推知这本书有点难、看不懂．故推知over my head 意为"不懂"结合各个选项的意思expensive"昂贵的"；difficult"难的"；interesting"有趣的"可推知difficult和划线短语意思一致，故选B-Jack你认为你上周买的新书怎么样？-这本书有点难，因为里面有很多新单词．了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答；所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成8.【答案】C【解析】答案：C．首先明确选项中各个短语的意思，A：打开；B：出发；C：出现，露面；原句的句意是"Mike应该是4点到参加足球比赛，但是他没有出现．你知道为什么吗．"，由此判断原句中的come along想当于show up，故选C．--Mike应该是4点到来参加足球比赛，但是他没有出现．你知道为什么吗？--一个小男孩迷路了，Mike帮他找到了妈妈．了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答；所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成．9.【答案】A【解析】答案：A．achievement"成就"，adventure"冒险"，advantage"优点"．根据题干中someone has succeeded in doing可知，本处应是对"成就"的解释．故选A．成就就是某人在做某事上取得成功，尤其是在许多努力之后．本题考查名词词义辨析，做题时应注意题干中的关键信息，并结合选项的意思进行选择．10.【答案】B【解析】答案：B．考查动词词义辨析．句意：如果你后悔你所做的事，你希望你没有做过．repeat重做；regret后悔；praise赞美．根据题干you wish that you had not done it．你希望你没有做过．可知是说如果你后悔你所做的事，你希望你没有做过．故选B．如果你后悔你所做的事，你希望你没有做过．理解各个选项的含义，根据具体内容作答．11.【答案】A【解析】答案：A．根据题干结合she told me three times how to work out the Maths problem推测设空处句子的句意是"--陈老师很有耐心，她就如何解答那道数学题给我讲了三遍．--我决定成为一个像她一样有责任的老师．"，短语make a decision意思是"做出决定"，故答案为A．--陈老师很有耐心，她就如何解答那道数学题给我讲了三遍．--我决定成为一个像她一样有责任的老师．了解每个选项的含义是做好此类题型的关键，还要从句意着手，根据句意作出解答；所以，平时的学习中要多进行积累词汇，才能很好的完成．12.【答案】C【解析】答案：C．考查形容词短语．句意：--Fiona在那边哭．对她如此粗鲁你应该感到羞愧．--对不起．我将向她道歉．be accused of被控诉，被指控；be bored with…表示对…无聊；feel ashamed of表示对…感到惭愧．根据题干Sorry．I will apologize to her．对不起．我将向她道歉．可知应说对她如此粗鲁你应该感到羞愧．故选C．--Fiona在那边哭．对她如此粗鲁你应该感到羞愧．--对不起．我将向她道歉．理解各个选项的含义，仔细分析句子结构，根据具体内容作答．13.【答案】B【解析】答案：B．考查动词短语．句意"--你喜欢我朋友圈里的那些照片吗？我在家乡河源拍的．--当然，它们让我想起乡村的生活．"．A让…失望．B使…想起．C 叫醒…结合语境"它们让我____乡村的生活"，可知，应该是"让我想起"，选B．--你喜欢我朋友圈里的那些照片吗？我在家乡河源拍的．--当然，它们让我想起乡村的生活．考查动词短语，在日常学习中要积累一些动词短语的固定用法，结合语境，选择合适的形式．完成试题．14.【答案】A【解析】答案：A．考查动词短语．get along with与…相处…mix混合、（使）结交．make friends交朋友．结合语境"你和你的新同学___得怎么样？"，可知，应该是"相处"．第二个空，out of place不合适．out of date过时的．out of sight在视野之外．可知，应该是"不适合"，选A．--琳达，你和你的新同学相处得怎么样？--起初我觉得不合适，但现在我们是好朋友了．考查动词短语，在日常学习中要积累一些动词短语的固定用法，结合语境，选择合适的形式．完成试题．15.【答案】C【解析】答案：C．考查动词短语．A让我快乐．B开我玩笑．C要把我气疯了．结合语境"我两岁的弟弟把我的杯子摔成碎片"，可知，应该是"真要把我气疯了．"，选C．--我两岁的弟弟把我的杯子摔成碎片，真要把我气疯了．--我的小妹妹不是那么淘气，她很可爱．考查动词短语，在日常学习中要积累一些动词短语的固定用法，结合语境，选择合适的形式．完成试题．16.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】A【小题3】B【小题4】C【小题5】B【小题6】C【小题7】A【小题8】B【小题9】C【小题10】A【解析】29．C 考查名词辨析．A表示科学家；B表示艺术家；C表示钢琴家．由上文的Delia was a young pianist可知她是向来自德国的一个伟大钢琴家学习，选C．30．A 考查形容词辨析．A表示贵的；B表示便宜的；C表示有趣的．由他们的老师都是最好的可知，课程是昂贵的，选A．31．B 考查短语辨析．A表示关；B表示花光，用完；C表示扔．由and they couldn't afford the lessons any more可知钱是花完了，选B．32．C 考查形容词辨析．A表示更穷的；B表示更忙的；C表示更开心的．由下文的Joe also decided to stop his lessons可知此处表示他想让Delia继续学习，所以句意为如果你继续上课我会更加的开心，选C．33．B 考查动词辨析．A表示停止；B表示继续；C表示旅行．结合语境可知此处表示当我挣了足够的钱了，我就会继续的，选B．34．C 考查形容词辨析．A表示生气地；B表示伤心地；C表示自豪地．由took $200 from his pocket可知此处表示他是自豪地从口袋里拿出200美元，选C．35．A 考查名词辨析．A表示画；B表示钢琴；C表示照片．由上文的to draw pictures and sell them可知此处表示买了我一张画，选A．36．B 考查短语辨析．A表示照顾；B表示担心；C表示关心．此处表示他们不再需要担心钱了，选B．37．C 考查短语辨析．A表示不同意；B表示反对；C表示作为…而工作．此处表示所以我作为服务员在一家饭店工作，选C．38．A 考查名词辨析．A表示药店；B表示书店；C表示饭店．由someone came in to buy bandages for a woman who burnt her hand可知此处表示我一直在一家药店工作，选A．文章大意：本文讲述了Delia是一个钢琴家而她的丈夫Joe是一个画家，他们都在各自上各自的课，他们的老师是最好的，所以课程很贵，但他们都热爱艺术，所以也愿意花钱学，但钱最后花光了，他们再也支付不起了，于是Delia 说一个叫Sally的女孩要向她学习钢琴，并支付50元一小时，Joe想让Delia继续上课，于是说自己去画画卖，一个来自Vermont的人要买他很多画．后来才发现Delia只是去饭店当服务员了，而Joe也是去药店工作了．解答完形填空题需要快速阅读全文，了解文章大意，再带着选项去读，边读边做，注意联系上下文．26.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】D【小题3】A【小题4】B【解析】39．D细节理解题．根据Absolutely Almost Lisa Graff，US可知据Absolutely Almost是Lisa Graff写的，故答案为：D．40．D细节理解题．根据But this summer is different．Rose's mum and dad keep fighting可知但是今年夏天不同了，罗丝的爸爸妈妈一直在打架，故答案为：D．41．A细节理解题．根据Eleven-year-old Ellie has never liked change．She misses fifth grade．She misses her old best friend可知因为Ellie从不喜欢变化，所以思念过去的一切，故答案为：A．42．B细节理解题．根据Good books are like wise friends．They support you，and help you understand the world可知好书可以帮助你了解世界，故答案为：B．这篇短文主要介绍了书籍是明智的朋友，他可以支持你走的更远，帮助你了解世界．TIME列举了三本2014年度最好的书．介绍了书名，作者及主要内容．做题的时候要看清要求，要在理解好文意的基础上，与题目有机的结合，从文章中找到相关细节性的句子从而得出符合文章内容的正确答案．30.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】B【小题3】C【小题4】B【解析】43．D细节理解题．根据This marks Leonardo's first Oscar win，22years after he was first nominated for What's Eating Gilbert Grape at the age of 19．可知Leonardo第一次获得奥斯卡最佳男演员是在19岁时第一次提名的22年后，即41岁时获得的，故答案为：D．44．B细节理解题．根据Leonardo^career quickly took off after he played Jack in Titanic（1997）．The film was a huge success and made Leonardo a big Hollywood star可知泰坦尼克号这部电影的巨大的成功，使莱奥纳多成为一个好莱坞大明星，故答案为：B．45．C细节理解题．根据People looked at his face more than his acting．To change peopled minds，Leonardo has had to work extra hard to choose difficult，less showy Roles，可知为了改变人们对他的看法，即为了证明自己的实力，莱奥纳多不得不加倍努力的工作来选择困难，不那么引人注目的角色，故答案为：C．。

1中考指导：近年来，图形折叠问题特别是矩形折叠问题一直是各地中考试题中一道靓丽的风景线.将矩形按不同要求进行折叠可以产生丰富多彩的几何问题.其中，创设开放的折叠情境，使矩形的顶点在折叠后的图形中的落点位置不固定，形成两解类中考压轴填空题的命题形式正悄然兴起. 折叠矩形纸片是轴对称变换，属于全等图形的范畴.可以先从边、角、形三方面思考折叠前后有哪些相等的线段、角和全等三角形，然后联想已知条件，看看又能产生哪些新的结论.这当中，尤其要注意将矩形折叠中产生的角平分线与矩形的两组对边分别平行结合在一起思考，往往会发现等腰三角形.面对折叠后的“静止”图形，你会发现解决这类折叠问题的关键有二点:一是在折叠操作(或“凭空想象”)中，弄清楚各种情况，画出相应状态下的静态图形;二是利用轴对称知识将分散的几何条件(边长)集中到某一个直角三角形中，再设未知数，运用勾股定理构建方程求解.典型例题解析:【例1】（2017年内蒙古赤峰二中中考数学二模）如图，在矩形ABCD 中，E 、F 分别是AD 、CD 的中点，沿着BE 将△ABE 折叠，点A 刚好落在BF 上，若AB=2，则AD=________．【答案】22∴Rt △EA′F ≌Rt △EDF （HL ）， ∴A′F=DF=1，∴BF=BA′+A′F=AB +DF=2+1=3， 在Rt △BCF 中，22223122BF CF -=-=∴2 ．点睛：本题考查了翻折变换的知识，解答本题的关键是连接EF ，证明Rt △EA′F ≌Rt △EDF ，得出BF 的长，再利用勾股定理解答即可．【例2】（河南省周口市西华县2018届九年级第一次模拟）如图，在Rt △ABC 中，∠ACB=90°，AB=5，AC=3，点D 是BC 上一动点，连接AD ，将△ACD 沿AD 折叠，点C 落在点E 处，连接DE 交AB 于点F ，当△DEB 是直角三角形时，DF 的长为_____．3【答案】或．∴DE=；如图2所示：∠EDB=90时，4由翻折的性质可知：AC=AC′，∠C=∠C′=90°， ∵∠C=∠C′=∠CDC′=90°， ∴四边形ACDC′为矩形，【点睛】本题考查了翻折变换、勾股定理、相似三角形的判定与性质等，结合题意，正确地进行分类讨论并画出相应的图形是解题的关键.*网【例3】（2018年河南省驻马店市实验中学第一次中考模拟）如图，在矩形ABCD 中，AB ＝83，AD ＝10，点E 是CD 的中点，将这张纸片依次折叠两次：第一次折叠纸片使点A 与点E 重合，如图②，折痕为MN ，连接ME ，NE ；第二次折叠纸片使点N 与点E 重合，如图③，点B 落到B′处，折痕为HG ，连接HE ，则下列结论：①ME ∥HG ；②△MEH 是等边三角形；③∠EHG ＝∠AMN ；④tan ∠EHG ＝53.其中正确的个数是( )A. 1个B. 2个C. 3个D. 4个【答案】C点睛：本题属于四边形综合题，主要考查翻折变换、勾股定理、相似三角形的判定和性质等知识的综合应用，解题的关键是作辅助线构造相似三角形，依据相似三角形对应边成比例，求得EN的长度．解决折叠问题时，常常设要求的线段长为x，然后根据折叠和轴对称的性质用含x的代数式表示其他线段的长度，选择适当的直角三角形，运用勾股定理列出方程求出答案．强化训练1．（2018年浙江省宁波市鄞州区中考数学模拟）在矩形纸片A BCD中，AD=8，AB=6，E是边BC上的点，将纸片沿5AE折叠，使点B落在点F处，连接FC，当△EFC为直角三角形时，BE的长为（）A. 3B. 5C. 3或5D. 3或6【答案】D点睛：本题考查了翻折变换、矩形的性质、角平分线的性质、正方形的判定与性质以及勾股定理，分∠EFC=90°和∠FEC=90°两种情况寻找BE的长度是解题的关键．2．如图是一张矩形纸片ABCD，AD＝10cm，若将纸片沿DE折叠，使DC落在DA上，点C的对应点为点F，若BE＝6cm，则CD＝( )A. 4cmB. 6cmC. 8cmD. 10cm67【答案】A【解析】由题意可知∠DFE=∠CDF=∠C=90°，DC=DF ， ∴四边形ECDF 是正方形， ∴DC=EC=BC-BE ， ∵四边形ABCD 是矩形， ∴BC=AD=10， ∴DC=10-6=4（cm ）. 故选A.3．如图,矩形ABCD 沿着AE 折叠,使D 点落在BC 边上的F 点处,如果60BAF ∠=o ,则DAE ∠等于 ( )A. 15°B. 30°C. 45°D. 60° 【答案】A4．（陕西省宝鸡市凤翔县2017-2018学年九年级期末）如图，在矩形ABCD 中，AB=8，BC=4，将矩形沿AC 折叠，则重叠部分△AFC 的面积为（ ）8A. 12B. 10C. 8D. 6 【答案】B【解析】四边形ABCD 是矩形,,,,,,点睛：本题考查了图形的翻折问题、矩形的性质、三角形的面积及勾股定理;利用勾股定理求得AF 的大小,从而求得叠部分△AFC 的面积是正确解答本题的关键. *网95．（辽宁省大石桥市水源镇九年一贯制学校2018届九年级下学期月考）如图，矩形纸片ABCD 中，G 、F 分别为AD 、BC 的中点，将纸片折叠，使D 点落在GF 上，得到△HAE ，再过H 点折叠纸片，使B 点落在直线AB 上，折痕为PQ ．连接AF 、EF ，已知HE=HF ，下列结论：①△MEH 为等边三角形；②AE ⊥EF ；③△PHE ∽△HAE ；④ 23AD AB ，其中正确的结论是（ ）A. ①②③B. ①②④C. ①③④D. ①②③④ 【答案】D【解析】试题解析：∵矩形纸片ABCD 中，G 、F 分别为AD 、BC 的中点， ∴GF ⊥AD ，由折叠可得，AH=AD=2AG ，∠AHE=∠D=90°， ∴∠AHG=30°，∠EHM=90°-30°=60°， ∴∠HAG=60°=∠AED=∠MEH ，∴△EHM 中，∠EMH=60°=∠EHM=∠MEH ， ∴△MEH 为等边三角形，故①正确； ∵∠EHM=60°，HE=HF ， ∴∠HEF=30°，∴∠FEM=60°+30°=90°，即AE ⊥EF ，故②正确； ∵∠PEH=∠MHE=60°=∠HEA ，∠EPH=∠EHA=90°，10∴△PHE ∽△HAE ，故③正确；6．（安徽合肥市2018届初三名校大联考一）如图,矩形ABCD 中,AB=4,BC=2,把矩形ABCD 沿过点A 的直线AE 折叠，点D 落在矩形ABCD内部的点D 处,则CD 的最小值是A. 2B. 5C. 252D. 252【答案】C【解析】根据题意，点D′在以点A 为圆心，AD 为半径且在矩形ABCD 内部的圆弧上，连接AC 交圆弧于点D′，由勾股定理得2242+=5CD′的最小值为5，故选C.7．（广东省广州三中2017年中考数学一模）如图，把一矩形纸片OABC 放入平面直角坐标系xoy 中，使OA ，OC 分别落在x 轴、y 轴上，现将纸片OABC 沿OB 折叠，折叠后点A 落在点A'的位置，若OA=1，OB=2，则点A'的坐标为（ ）11A. 132⎛⎫⎪⎪⎝⎭， B. 132⎛⎫- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭， C. 3455⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭， D. （ ()31-， 【答案】B【解析】点睛：（1）折叠问题充分利用对应的边相等，角相等.12（2）通过三角函数值能推出角的度数；（3）已知线段的长度，表示坐标的时候注意符号问题.8．（2018年广东省深圳市中考数学突破模拟二）如图，将矩形ABCD 沿AE 折叠，点D 的对应点落在BC 上点F处，过点F 作FG ∥CD ，连接EF ，DG ，下列结论中正确的有（ ）①∠ADG=∠AFG ；②四边形DEFG 是菱形；③DG 2=12AE•EG ；④若AB=4，AD=5，则CE=1．A. ①②③④B. ①②③C. ①③④D. ①② 【答案】B（3）如图所示，连接DF 交AE 于O ，∵四边形DEFG为菱形，∴GE⊥DF，OG=OE=12 GE，∵∠DOE=∠ADE=90°，∠OED=∠DEA，∴△DOE∽△ADE，∴OE DEDE AE，即DE2=EO•AE，∵EO=12GE，DE=DG，∴DG2=12AE•EG，故③正确；9．如图，矩形ABCD中，E是AD的中点，将△ABE沿直线BE折叠后得到△GBE，延长BG交CD于点F．若AB=4，BC= 6，则FD的长为（）1314A.85 B. 4 C. 94D. 23 【答案】C【解析】试题解析：∵E 是AD 的中点，∴AE =DE ，∵△ABE 沿BE 折叠后得到△GBE , ∴AE =EG ，AB =BG ， ∴ED =EG ，∵在矩形ABCD 中， ∴90A D ∠=∠=o ， ∴90EGF ∠=o ，1510．（2018年湖北省咸宁市咸安区中考数学模拟）如图，有一矩形纸片ABCD ，AB=6，AD=8，将纸片折叠使AB 落在AD 边上，折痕为AE ，再将△ABE 以BE 为折痕向右折叠，AE 与CD 交于点F ，则CFCD的值是（ ）A. 1B.12 C. 13 D. 14【答案】C【解析】由题意知：AB=BE=6，BD=AD ﹣AB=2（图2中），AD=AB ﹣BD=4（图3中）； ∵CE∥AB， ∴△ECF∽△ADF，得12CE CF AD DF ==， 即DF=2CF ，所以CF ：CD=1：3，16故选C ．【点睛】本题考查了矩形的性质，折叠问题，相似三角形的判定与性质等，准确识图是解题的关键. *网11．如图，在矩形ABCD 中，AB =3，AD =5，点E 在DC 上，将矩形ABCD 沿AE 折叠，点D 恰好落在BC 边上的点F 处，那么cos ∠EFC 的值是（ ）A.35 B. 45 C. 12D. 32【答案】A点睛：本题考查的是翻折变换的性质、余弦的概念，掌握翻折变换是一种对称变换，折叠前后图形的形状和大小不变，位置变换，对应边和对应角相等时解题的关键.1712．如图，在矩形ABCD 中，点F 在AD 上，点E 在BC 上，把这个矩形沿EF 折叠后，使点D 恰好落在BC 边上的G 点处，若矩形面积为43且∠AFG =60°，GE =2BG ，则折痕EF 的长为（ ）A. 1B. 3C. 2D. 23【答案】C13．（2017年安徽省安庆一中中考数学三模）如图，小亮拿一张矩形纸图（1），沿虚线对折一次得图（2），下将对角两顶点重合折叠得图（3），按图（4）沿折痕中点与重合顶点的连线剪开，得到三个图形，这三个图形分别是（ ）A. 都是等腰梯形B. 都是等边三角形C. 两个直角三角形，一个等腰三角形D. 两个直角三角形，一个等腰梯形【答案】C【解析】严格按照图中的顺序向上对折，对角顶点对折，沿折痕中点与重合顶点的连线剪开展开可得到两个直角三角形，一个等腰三角形．故选C．14．如图，将一张三角形纸片折叠，使点落在边上，折痕，得到；再继续将纸片沿的对称轴折叠，依照上述做法，再将折叠，最终得到矩形，若中，和的长分别为和，则矩形的面积为（）．A. B. C.D.【答案】B15．（山东省临朐县沂山风景区2018届九年级上期末模拟）如图，矩形纸片ABCD中，AB=4，BC=8，将纸片折叠，1819使点C 与点A 重合，折痕为EF ，点D 的对应点为G ，连接DG ，则图中阴影部分面积是（ ）A. 5B. 3C.365 D. 185【答案】D【解析】过点G 作GH ⊥AD 于点H ，由题意知，AF=FC ，AB=CD=AG=4，BC=AD=8，在Rt △ABF 中，由勾股定理知AB 2+BF 2=AF 2 ， 即42+（8﹣AF ）2=AF 2 ， 解得AF=5，2016．如图，在矩形ABCD 中，AD=5，AB=8，点E 为射线DC 上一个动点，把△ADE 沿直线AE 折叠，当点D 的对应点F 刚好落在线段AB 的垂直平分线上时，则DE 的长为________．A. 3或4B.52或10 C. 52或53 D. 25或53【答案】B【解析】试题解析：①如图1，当点F 在矩形内部时， ∵四边形ABCD 为矩形， 58AD AB ==，， ∴AB CD =，②如图2，当点F在矩形外部时，2122∵四边形ABCD 为矩形， 58AD AB ==，，∴AB CD =，设DE EF y ==，则4ME y =-， 在Rt EMF V 中， ∴222ME MF EF +=， 即()22248y y -+=，∴10.y =即DE =10. 故选B.17．（河南省濮阳市2018届九年级第一次模拟）如图，在Rt△ABC 中，∠C=90°，AC=3，BC=4，点D ，E 为AC ，BC 上两个动点，若将∠C 沿DE 折叠，点C 的对应点'C 恰好落在AB 上，且'ADC∆恰为直角三角形，则此时CD 的长为___________.23【答案】12473或 【解析】试题解析： 9034C AC BC ∠=︒==，，，225,AB AC BC ∴=+=由折叠可知： .DC DC =' 若90,ADC ∠='oDC '∥,CB,ADC ACB '∴V V ∽,AD DC AC CB ∴='3,34DC DC-∴= 解得： 12.7CD =点睛：两组角对应相等，两个三角形相似.18．（河北省唐山市路南区2017年中考数学三模）如图，将矩形纸片ABCD沿其对角线AC折叠，使点B落在点B′AD=3，则△EB′C的周长为________．的位置，AB′与CD交于点E，若AB=8，【解析】试题分析：根据翻折图形的性质可得：B′C=BC=AD，∠B′=∠B=∠D=90°，结合对顶角得出△ADE和△CB′E 全等，则B′E=DE，则△EB′C的周长=B′C+B′E+CE=BC+DE+EC=BC+CD=AD+AB=3+8=11．*网19．（2018年咸宁市通城县北港镇初级中学数学中考模拟）如图，在矩形ABCD中，把∠A沿DF折叠，点A恰好落E处，则tan∠ADF=_______．在矩形的对称中心2420．（安徽省蚌埠市2017届九年级下学期中考一模）如图，在一张矩形纸片ABCD中，AB=4，BC=8，点E，F分别在AD，BC上，将纸片ABCD沿直线EF折叠，点C落在AD上的一点H处，点D落在点G处，有以下四个结论：①四边形CFHE是菱形；②线段BF的取值范围为3≤BF≤4；③EC平分∠DCH；④当点H与点A重合时，EF=25．以上结论中，你认为正确的有______．（填序号）【答案】①②④．【解析】试题解析：①∵FH与EG，EH与CF都是原来矩形ABCD的对边AD、BC的一部分，∴FH//CG,EH//CF，∴四边形CFHE是平行四边形，由翻折的性质得，CF=FH，2526∴四边形CFHE 是菱形， 故①正确；③∴∠BCH =∠ECH ，∴只有30DCE ∠=o 时EC 平分∠DCH ， 故③错误；过点F 作FM ⊥AD 于M ，则ME =(8−3)−3=2，由勾股定理得， 2225EF MF ME =+=， 故④正确，综上所述，结论正确的有①②④， 故答案为：①②④.27。

2018年深圳高三二模高分作文点评（二辑）深圳市教科院葛福安编 2018-05-04目录在生活中践行儒家文化（题目既有对材料的关联，又表明了作者的观点。

考场作文如此命题，醒目鲜明，很好！）这位同学（称谓开篇，体现交际意识）的想法是多数人都有的疑问，（：）我们赞同认可儒家文化，但在生活中，究竟该不该依据儒家思想行事呢？（“依据儒家思想行事”呼应题目中的“践行”，语言富于变化，好。

）（文章第一段切入准确，突出问题核心，入题快。

）我的答案自然是肯定的——我们要“约之以理”、“以德服人”，要“推己及人”、“以和为贵”，但我们更需要先明确我们自身的“义利观”，明确孟子提出的“养浩然正气”的义利观。

（义利观”一词可谓直指核心。

不过，所引孟子“养浩然正气”，能否指向义利观，值得思考。

）（文章第二段回应第一段的疑惑，态度坚决，观点鲜明。

但是文章立意焦点的“义利观”缺少必要阐释，以至于后文的论证显得飘忽不定。

“义利观”应该是对“义”和“利”以及二者关系的看法，它直接关联“义”与“利”冲突的最终解决，不得不说。

）这位同学担心如若真的“推己及人”、“约之以礼”，却会连公交车都挤不上去，正是义利观的一种体现。

担心自己在守“礼”的时候，旁人却将你的“礼”看作让步，而你觉得在让步的时候，自己吃了亏。

（“礼”和“义”的关联缺少界定。

既然在辩证思考“义利观”，应该将“吃亏”和“利”关联才好。

）而孟子提出的“贫贱不能移，富贵不能淫，威武不能屈”的义利观（这是“义利观”吗？）却是将义摆在了第一位的，多少人愿意“舍身而取义”，（：）因此当你真的挤不上公交车的时候，便是你和旁人义利观共同体现的时候了。

（表达不清）你率先产生了“让渡”心理，让旁人先上车，这是“义”，旁人挤上了车，这是“利”。

当然，当你率先作出让渡行为的时候，你一定不会挤不上公交车。

（为什么？没交代清楚。

）（这一段想法很好，再次将材料和观点相接，这是文章的核心部分，很好的一个立意，但稍显不足的是论证分析有些流于表面，没有真正揭示二者的关系，有点可惜！）中国人在传统儒家思想中浸泡千百年，在内心深处都潜藏着“礼”的思想。

高考作文：深圳市2018届高三二模考试作文审题立意初探深圳市2018届高三第二次调研考试作文审题立意初探高映东一、原题回顾22．阅读下面的材料，根据要求写作。

（60分）子思受邀回到高中母校宣讲成长经历及学习心得。

他说自己在母校学习期间就非常喜欢儒家文化；现在，他正跟着研究生导师进行更深入的学习和研究。

有位同学向他提问：对儒家文化，我们有所了解，像‘约之以礼’‘以德服人’‘推己及人’之类的道理，我也很认可；可是，在生活中真要那样做，会不会连公交车都挤不上去？如果你是子思，你将怎样回应这样的提问？要求选好角度，确定立意；明确文体，自拟标题；不要套作，不得抄袭；不少于800字。

二、审题此题有两个焦点儒家文化的仁义和挤公交车的尴尬，原本是相对独立事件，没有什么关联，这位同学硬要扯上关联，可以说，写文章算反有机关联的逆推考验。

题目的主体部分完全可以当成今年流行的第21题（逻辑谬误）的出题素材，我们要分析这位同学的逻辑谬误在何处，进而逆推他偷换概念、不明概念、误读曲解经典乃至忽视传统文化的精髓。

好文章应该有思辨价值，即承题的时候不否认这位同学的问题，从而站在存在即时合理的角度指出他困惑的核心所在——他是要找一个能立竿见影马上指导行动的思想武器，再冠冕堂皇地称之为：儒德的现实化或现代化。

对儒家文化，我们有所了解，像‘约之以礼’‘以德服人’‘推己及人’之类的道理，我也很认可；可是，在生活中真要那样做，会不会连公交车都挤不上去？这句话的可是蒙蔽了我们，让我们误以为审题重心在奉行儒德与主张个人权益的矛盾。

其实不然。

可是取消了儒家文化和那样做导致挤不上公交的独立性，强行扯上关系。

所以高分作文在立论之前，要界定困惑的荒谬和儒家文化、儒学精神的真正意义，此谓拨乱反正。

中上等作文可以浅化为儒家美德的知行不统一现象的看待。

但如果对儒家文化一窍不通，文章会死在科学性不足上。

驱动是你将怎样回应这样的提问？每一个考生需要扮演子思而后回应之，回应的对象是那些困惑的同学们，文章要有明确的写作对象。

深圳市中考二模数学试题及答案中学数学二模模拟试卷一、选择题（本题共有12小题，每小题3分，共36分，每小题有四个选项，其中只有一个是正确的）1.四个实数0，-1，，中最小的数是A.0B.-1C.D.2.右图所示是一个圆柱形机械零件，则它的主视图是3.港珠澳大桥是连接香港，珠海和澳门的超大型跨海通道，总长55公里，数据55公里用科学计数法表示为A.米B.米C.米 A.米4.下列图形是中心对称图形但不是轴对称图形的是5.某小组6人在一次中华好诗词比赛中的成绩是85,90,85,95,80,85，则这组数据的众数是A.80B.85C.90D.956.化简+的结果是A. B. C. D.7.如图1，已知a∥b，将一块等腰直角三角板的两个顶点分别放在直线a,b 上，若∠1=23°，则∠2的度数为A.68B.112C.127D.1328.如图2，某数学兴趣小组为了测量树AB的高度，他们在与树的底端B同一水平线上的C处，测得树顶A处的仰角为α，且B，C之间的水平距离为a米，则树高AB为米 C. a •sinα米 D.a •cosα米A.a •tanα米B.α9.下列命题中，是真命题的是A.三角形的内心到三角形的三个顶点的距离相等B.连接对角线相等的四边形各边中点所得的四边形是矩形C.方程的解是x=2D.若 ,10.从A 城到B 城分别有高速铁路与高速公路相通，其中高速铁路全程400km ，高速公路全程480km ，高铁行驶的平均速度比客车在高速公路行驶的平均速度多120km/h,从A 城到B 城乘坐高铁比客车少用4小时，设客车在高速公路行驶 的平均速度为xkm/h,依题意可列方程为 A.B.C.D.11.如图3，一小球从斜坡O 点处抛出，球的抛出路线可以用二次函数刻画，斜坡可以用一次函数刻画，则下列结论错误的是A.当小球到达最高处时，它离斜坡的竖直距离是6mB.当小球落在斜坡上时，它离O 点的水平距离是7mC.小球在运行过程中，它离斜坡的最大竖直距离是6mD.该斜坡的坡度是1:212.如图4，已知四边形ABCD 是边长为4的正方形，E 是CD 上一动点，将△ADE 沿直线AE 折叠后，点D 落在点F 处，DF 的延长线交BC 于点G ，EF 的延长线交BC 于点H ，AE 与DG 交于点O ，连接OC ，则下列结论中：①AE=DG ；②EH=DE+BH ；③OC 的最小值为 ；④当点H 为BC 中点时，∠CFG=45°，其中正确的有 A.1个 B.2个 C.3个 D.4个第二部分（非选择题，共64分）二、填空题（每小题3分，共12分）请把答案填在答题卷相应的表格里 13.分解因式：14.图5是一个可以自由转动的转盘，该转盘被平均分成6个扇形，随机转动该转15.如图6，菱形ABCD 中，AB=6，∠DAB=60°，DE ⊥AB 于E ，DE 交AC 于点F ，则△CEF 的面积是16.如图7，在平面直角坐标系XOY 中，以O 为圆心，半径为 的圆O 与双曲线(x>0)交于点A ，B 两点，若△OAB 的面积为4，则三、解答题（本题共7小题，其中第17题5分，第18题6分，第19题7分，第20题8分，第21题8分，第22题9分，第23题9分，共52分） 17.计算：°18.解不等式组 （ ）,并把它的解集在数轴上表示出来。

2018深圳市高考语文二模作文分析作文是高考语文的重中之重，写好作文对高考会大有裨益。

那么如果是你，你会怎么写2018深圳二模的作文题目呢?接下来店铺为你整理了2018深圳市高考语文二模作文分析，一起来看看吧。

2018深圳市高考语文二模作文分析：题目呈现阅读下面的材料，根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。

(60分) 大一寒假，被国内一所著名高校高分录取的小王，见到他高中最要好的同学小刘，聊起各自的大学生活。

小王说，他进了大学才发现：身边有不少人不但学习拔尖，而且多才多艺，课余生活也很丰富;在这里，自己引以为豪的高考分数变得苍白无力。

他后悔自己高中三年多数时间都在“题海”中度过了。

小刘对他说，不要这样轻易地否定自己的过去，如果没有曾经的付出，你如今连说后悔的机会都没有。

要求：结合材料内容及含意，选好角度，确定立意;明确文体，自拟标题;不要套作，不得抄袭，不得泄漏个人信息。

2018深圳市高考语文二模作文试题分析一、题干分析：阅读下面的材料，根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。

(60分) 包含的信息：(1)这是一道材料作文题，需要考生在阅读材料之后完成写作任务。

(2)写作是有一定的要求限制的，这个要求就是材料后面的文字。

(3)写作的篇幅有字数的限定，不能少于800字，不足800字，按照评分细则，不足50个字就扣1分，而且，字数这个基本的要求都达不到的话，会整体影响文章的评分。

(4)文章的分值60分。

二、材料分析大一寒假，被国内一所著名高校高分录取的小王，见到他高中最要好的同学小刘，聊起各自的大学生活。

小王说，他进了大学才发现：身边有不少人不但学习拔尖，而且多才多艺，课余生活也很丰富;在这里，自己引以为豪的高考分数变得苍白无力。

他后悔自己高中三年多数时间都在“题海”中度过了。

小刘对他说，不要这样轻易地否定自己的过去，如果没有曾经的付出，你如今连说后悔的机会都没有。

材料属于观点讨论型的材料，材料的背景为考上大学一个学期后，两位高中时候要好的同学的感想交流。

2025届广东省深圳市龙城高级中学高三4月高考练习（二模）物理试题考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。

2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。

3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、单项选择题：本题共6小题，每小题4分，共24分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1、a、b两个物体在同一时间、从同一地点开始，沿同一条直线运动，v-t图象如图所示，a、b两物体运动图线均为正弦(余弦)曲线的一部分。

在0～6s时间内，关于两物体的运动，下列说法正确的是（）A．b物体的加速度先增加后减小B．a物体的位移大于b物体的位移C．2s末a物体的加速度大于b物体的加速度D．3s末a、b两物体之间的距离最大2、某气体星球的半径为R，距离星球中心2R处的P点的重力加速度为g。

若该星球的体积在均匀膨胀，膨胀过程中星球质量不变，且密度均匀。

当星球半径膨胀为3R时，P点的重力加速度为g'。

已知质量分布均匀的球壳对球壳内物体的引力为零。

则g'与g的比值为（）A．13B．1 C．94D．8273、乒乓球作为我国的国球，是一种大家喜闻乐见的体育运动，它对场地要求低且容易上手。

如图所示，某同学疫情期间在家锻炼时，对着墙壁练习打乒乓球，球拍每次击球后，球都从同一位置斜向上飞出，其中有两次球在不同高度分别垂直撞在竖直墙壁上，不计空气阻力，则球在这两次从飞出到撞击墙壁前（）A．飞出时的初速度大小可能相等B．飞出时的初速度竖直分量可能相等C．在空中的时间可能相等D．撞击墙壁的速度可能相等4、如图所示，匀强磁场的方向垂直纸面向里，一带电微粒从磁场边界d 点垂直于磁场方向射入，沿曲线dpa 打到屏MN 上的a 点，通过pa 段用时为t .若该微粒经过P 点时，与一个静止的不带电微粒碰撞并结合为一个新微粒，最终打到屏MN 上．若两个微粒所受重力均忽略,则新微粒运动的 ( )A ．轨迹为pb,至屏幕的时间将小于tB ．轨迹为pc ,至屏幕的时间将大于tC ．轨迹为pa ，至屏幕的时间将大于tD ．轨迹为pb,至屏幕的时间将等于t5、如图所示,一个带正电荷q 、质量为m 的小球,从光滑绝缘斜面轨道的A 点由静止下滑,然后沿切线进入竖直面上半径为R 的光滑绝缘圆形轨道,恰能到达轨道的最高点B .现在空间加一竖直向下的匀强电场,若仍从A 点由静止释放该小球(假设小球的电荷量q 在运动过程中保持不变,不计空气阻力),则（ ）A ．小球一定不能到达B 点B ．小球仍恰好能到达B 点C ．小球一定能到达B 点,且在B 点对轨道有向上的压力D ．小球能否到达B 点与所加的电场强度的大小有关6、一质点做匀加速直线运动时，速度变化v ∆时发生位移1x ，紧接着速度变化同样的v ∆时发生位移2x ，则该质点的加速度为（ ）A ．21211()v x x ⎛⎫∆+ ⎪⎝⎭B ．212()2v x x ∆- C ．21211()v x x ⎛⎫∆- ⎪⎝⎭D ．212()v x x ∆- 二、多项选择题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分。

2018年中考数学二模试卷一、．选择题：本大题共12小题，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是正确的，请把正确的选项选出来．每小题选对得3分，选错、不选或选出的答案超过一个均记零分1．计算（ab2）3的结果是（）A．ab5B．ab6C．a3b5D．a3b62．下列各式中，不成立的是（）A．|﹣3|=3 B．﹣|3|=﹣3 C．|﹣3|=|3| D．﹣|﹣3|=33．在实数﹣，0，，，，中，无理数有（）A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个4．如图，AB是⊙O直径，∠AOC=130°，则∠D=（）A．65°B．25°C．15°D．35°5．如图是由四个小正方体叠成的一个立体图形，那么它的主视图是（）A．B．C．D．6．已知抛物线y=x2﹣x﹣1与x轴的一个交点为（m，0），则代数式m2﹣m+2014的值为（）A．2012 B．2013 C．2014 D．20157．如图，在△ABC中，已知∠C=90°，BC=3，AC=4，⊙O是内切圆，E，F，D分别为切点，则tan∠OBD=（）A．B．C．D．8．如图，在▱ABCD中，AC与BD交于点O，点E是BC边的中点，OE=1，则AB的长是（）A．1 B．2 C．D．49．某快餐店用米饭加不同炒菜配制了一批盒饭，配土豆丝炒肉的有25盒，配芹菜炒肉丝的有30盒，配辣椒炒鸡蛋的有10盒，配芸豆炒肉片的有15盒．每盒盒饭的大小、外形都相同，从中任选一盒，不含辣椒的概率是（）A．B．C．D．10．定义：如果一元二次方程ax2+bx+c=0（a≠0）满足a+b+c=0，那么我们称这个方程为“凤凰”方程．已知ax2+bx+c=0（a≠0）是“凤凰”方程，且有两个相等的实数根，则下列结论正确的是（）A．a=c B．a=b C．b=c D．a=b=c11．如图，已知△ABC中，∠ABC=90°，AB=BC，三角形的顶点在相互平行的三条直线l1，l2，l3上，且l1，l2之间的距离为2，l2，l3之间的距离为3，则AC的长是（）A．B． C． D．712．如图，抛物线y=ax2+bx+c与x轴交于点A（﹣1，0），顶点坐标为（1，n），与y轴的交点在（0，2）、（0，3）之间（包含端点），则下列结论：①当x＞3时，y＜0；②3a+b＞0；③﹣1≤a≤﹣；④3≤n≤4中，正确的是（）A．①②B．③④C．①④D．①③二、填空题：本大题共6小题，共24分，只要求填写最后结果，每小题填对得4分．13．因式分解：x2﹣2xy+y2=．14．将三角板（不是等腰的）顶点放置在直线AB上的O点处，使AB∥CD，则∠2的余弦值是．15．如图，△ABC中，AB=AC，∠A=30°，DE垂直平分AC，则∠BCD的度数为．16．方程x2﹣2x﹣1=0的解是．17．如图，点E在正方形ABCD内，满足∠AEB=90°，AE=6，BE=8，则阴影部分的面积是．18．猜数字游戏中，小明写出如下一组数：，，，，…，小亮猜想出第六个数字是，根据此规律，第n个数是．三、选修题、本小题满分6分，请在下列两个小题中，任选其一完成即可19．（1）解方程组：（2）解不等式组：．四、解答题：本大题共7个小题，满分54分．解答时请写出必要的演推过程．20．计算﹣2sin45°+（﹣2）﹣3+（）0．21．为了解学生的课余生活情况，某中学在全校范围内随机抽取部分学生进行问卷调查．问卷中请学生选择最喜欢的课余生活种类（2007•台州）如图，△ABC内接于⊙O，点D在半径OB的延长线上，∠BCD=∠A=30°．（1）试判断直线CD与⊙O的位置关系，并说明理由；（2）若⊙O的半径长为1，求由弧BC、线段CD和BD所围成的阴影部分面积．（结果保留π和根号）23．海丰塔是无棣灿烂文化的象征（如图①），喜爱数学实践活动的小伟查资料得知：海丰塔，史称唐塔，原名大觉寺塔，始建于唐贞观十三年（公元639年），碑记为“尉迟敬德监建”，距今已1300多年，被誉为冀鲁三胜之一．小伟决定用自己所学习的知识测量海丰塔的高度．如图②，他利用测角仪站在B处测得海丰塔最高点P的仰角为45°，又前进了18米到达A处，在A处测得P的仰角为60°．请你帮助小伟算算海丰塔的高度．（测角仪高度忽略不计，≈1.7，结果保留整数）．24．如图，在平行四边形ABCD中，AE⊥BC于E，AF⊥CD于F，BD与AE、AF分别相交于G、H．（1）求证：△ABE∽△ADF；（2）若AG=AH，求证：四边形ABCD是菱形．25．我们把一个半圆与抛物线的一部分合成的封闭图形称为“蛋圆”，如果一条直线与“蛋圆”只有一个交点，那么这条直线叫做“蛋圆”的切线．如图，点A、B、C、D分别是“蛋圆”与坐标轴的交点，AB为半圆的直径，点M为圆心，A点坐标为（﹣2，0），B点坐标为（4，0），D点的坐标为（0，﹣4）．（1）你能求出经过点C的“蛋圆”切线的解析式吗？试试看；（2）请你求出“蛋圆”抛物线部分的解析式，并写出自变量x的取值范围．（3）你能求出经过点D的“蛋圆”切线的解析式吗？能，请写出过程，不能，请说明理由．参考答案与试题解析一、．选择题：本大题共12小题，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是正确的，请把正确的选项选出来．每小题选对得3分，选错、不选或选出的答案超过一个均记零分1．计算（ab2）3的结果是（）A．ab5B．ab6C．a3b5D．a3b6【考点】幂的乘方与积的乘方．【分析】根据积的乘方的性质进行计算，然后直接选取答案即可．【解答】解：（ab2）3=a3•（b2）3=a3b6．故选D．【点评】本题考查积的乘方，把积中的每一个因式分别乘方，再把所得的幂相乘．2．下列各式中，不成立的是（）A．|﹣3|=3 B．﹣|3|=﹣3 C．|﹣3|=|3| D．﹣|﹣3|=3【考点】绝对值．【分析】根据绝对值的意义选择．【解答】解：A中|﹣3|=3，正确；B中﹣|3|=﹣3，正确；C中|﹣3|=|3|=3，正确；D中﹣|﹣3|=﹣3，不成立．故选D．【点评】本题考查绝对值的化简：一个正数的绝对值是它本身；一个负数的绝对值是它的相反数；0的绝对值是0．3．在实数﹣，0，，，，中，无理数有（）A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个【考点】无理数．【分析】根据无理数的三种形式求解．【解答】解：=3，=﹣2，无理数有：，，共2个．故选B．【点评】本题考查了无理数的知识，解答本题的关键是掌握无理数的三种形式：①开方开不尽的数，②无限不循环小数，③含有π的数．4．如图，AB是⊙O直径，∠AOC=130°，则∠D=（）A．65°B．25°C．15°D．35°【考点】圆周角定理．【专题】压轴题．【分析】先根据邻补角的定义求出∠BOC，再利用圆周角定理求解．【解答】解：∵∠AOC=130°，∴∠BOC=180°﹣∠AOC=180°﹣130°=50°，∴∠D=×50°=25°．故选B．【点评】本题利用了圆周角定理和邻补角的概念求解．5．如图是由四个小正方体叠成的一个立体图形，那么它的主视图是（）A．B．C．D．【考点】简单组合体的三视图．【分析】找到从正面看所得到的图形即可，注意所有的看到的棱都应表现在主视图中．【解答】解：从正面看易得第一层有3个正方形，第二层中间有1个正方形．故选C．【点评】本题考查了三视图的知识，主视图是从物体的正面看得到的视图．6．已知抛物线y=x2﹣x﹣1与x轴的一个交点为（m，0），则代数式m2﹣m+2014的值为（）A．2012 B．2013 C．2014 D．2015【考点】抛物线与x轴的交点．【分析】把x=m代入方程x2﹣x﹣1=0求得m2﹣m=1，然后将其整体代入代数式m2﹣m+2014，并求值．【解答】解：∵抛物线y=x2﹣x﹣1与x轴的一个交点为（m，0），∴m2﹣m﹣1=0，解得m2﹣m=1．∴m2﹣m+2014=1+2014=2015．故选：D．【点评】本题考查了抛物线与x轴的交点．解题时，注意“整体代入”数学思想的应用，减少了计算量．7．如图，在△ABC中，已知∠C=90°，BC=3，AC=4，⊙O是内切圆，E，F，D分别为切点，则tan∠OBD=（）A．B．C．D．【考点】三角形的内切圆与内心；切线长定理．【专题】压轴题．【分析】首先根据切线的性质和切线长定理证得四边形OECD是正方形，那么AC+BC﹣AB即为2R（⊙O 的半径R）的值，由此可得到OD、CD的值，进而可在Rt△OBD中求出∠OBD的正切值．【解答】解：∵BC、AC、AB都是⊙O的切线，∴CD=CE、AE=AF、BF=BD，且OD⊥BC、OE⊥AC；易证得四边形OECD是矩形，由OE=OD可证得四边形OECD是正方形；设OD=OE=CD=R，则：AC+BC﹣AB=AE+R+BD+R﹣AF﹣BF=2R，即R=（AC+BC﹣AB）=1，∴BD=BC﹣CD=3﹣1=2；在Rt△OBD中，tan∠OBD==．故选C．【点评】此题考查的是三角形的外切圆，切线长定理以及锐角三角形函数的定义，难度适中．8．如图，在▱ABCD中，AC与BD交于点O，点E是BC边的中点，OE=1，则AB的长是（）A．1 B．2 C．D．4【考点】平行四边形的性质；三角形中位线定理．【分析】由四边形ABCD是平行四边形，根据平行四边形的对角线互相平分，即可求得OC=OA，又由点E 是BC边的中点，根据三角形中位线的性质，即可求得AB的长．【解答】解：∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形，∴OC=OA，∵点E是BC边的中点，即BE=CE，∴OE=AB，∵OE=1，∴AB=2．故选B．【点评】此题考查了平行四边形的性质与三角形中位线的性质．注意平行四边形的对角线互相平分，三角形的中位线平行于三角形的第三边且等于第三边的一半．9．某快餐店用米饭加不同炒菜配制了一批盒饭，配土豆丝炒肉的有25盒，配芹菜炒肉丝的有30盒，配辣椒炒鸡蛋的有10盒，配芸豆炒肉片的有15盒．每盒盒饭的大小、外形都相同，从中任选一盒，不含辣椒的概率是（）A．B．C．D．【考点】概率公式．【分析】让不含辣椒的盒饭数除以总盒饭数即为从中任选一盒，不含辣椒的概率．【解答】解：配土豆丝炒肉的有25盒，配芹菜炒肉丝的有30盒，配辣椒炒鸡蛋的有10盒，配芸豆炒肉片的有15盒，全部是80盒，不含辣椒的有70盒，所以从中任选一盒，不含辣椒的概率是=．故选A ．【点评】本题比较容易，考查等可能条件下的概率．用到的知识点为：概率=所求情况数与总情况数之比．10．定义：如果一元二次方程ax 2+bx+c=0（a ≠0）满足a+b+c=0，那么我们称这个方程为“凤凰”方程．已知ax 2+bx+c=0（a ≠0）是“凤凰”方程，且有两个相等的实数根，则下列结论正确的是（ ） A ．a=c B ．a=b C ．b=c D ．a=b=c 【考点】根的判别式． 【专题】压轴题；新定义．【分析】因为方程有两个相等的实数根，所以根的判别式△=b 2﹣4ac=0，又a+b+c=0，即b=﹣a ﹣c ，代入b 2﹣4ac=0得（﹣a ﹣c ）2﹣4ac=0，化简即可得到a 与c 的关系．【解答】解：∵一元二次方程ax 2+bx+c=0（a ≠0）有两个相等的实数根， ∴△=b 2﹣4ac=0，又a+b+c=0，即b=﹣a ﹣c ，代入b 2﹣4ac=0得（﹣a ﹣c ）2﹣4ac=0，即（a+c ）2﹣4ac=a 2+2ac+c 2﹣4ac=a 2﹣2ac+c 2=（a ﹣c ）2=0， ∴a=c ． 故选A【点评】一元二次方程根的情况与判别式△的关系： （1）△＞0⇔方程有两个不相等的实数根； （2）△=0⇔方程有两个相等的实数根； （3）△＜0⇔方程没有实数根．11．如图，已知△ABC 中，∠ABC=90°，AB=BC ，三角形的顶点在相互平行的三条直线l 1，l 2，l 3上，且l 1，l 2之间的距离为2，l 2，l 3之间的距离为3，则AC 的长是（ ）A．B． C． D．7【考点】勾股定理；全等三角形的性质；全等三角形的判定．【专题】计算题；压轴题．【分析】过A、C点作l3的垂线构造出直角三角形，根据三角形全等和勾股定理求出BC的长，再利用勾股定理即可求出．【解答】解：作AD⊥l3于D，作CE⊥l3于E，∵∠ABC=90°，∴∠ABD+∠CBE=90°又∠DAB+∠ABD=90°∴∠BAD=∠CBE，，∴△ABD≌△BCE∴BE=AD=3在Rt△BCE中，根据勾股定理，得BC==，在Rt△ABC中，根据勾股定理，得AC=×=2；故选A．【点评】此题要作出平行线间的距离，构造直角三角形．运用全等三角形的判定和性质以及勾股定理进行计算．12．如图，抛物线y=ax2+bx+c与x轴交于点A（﹣1，0），顶点坐标为（1，n），与y轴的交点在（0，2）、（0，3）之间（包含端点），则下列结论：①当x＞3时，y＜0；②3a+b＞0；③﹣1≤a≤﹣；④3≤n≤4中，正确的是（）A．①②B．③④C．①④D．①③【考点】二次函数图象与系数的关系．【专题】计算题；压轴题．【分析】①由抛物线的对称轴为直线x=1，一个交点A（﹣1，0），得到另一个交点坐标，利用图象即可对于选项①作出判断；②根据抛物线开口方向判定a的符号，由对称轴方程求得b与a的关系是b=﹣2a，将其代入（3a+b），并判定其符号；③根据两根之积=﹣3，得到a=﹣，然后根据c的取值范围利用不等式的性质来求a的取值范围；④把顶点坐标代入函数解析式得到n=a+b+c=c，利用c的取值范围可以求得n的取值范围．【解答】解：①∵抛物线y=ax2+bx+c与x轴交于点A（﹣1，0），对称轴直线是x=1，∴该抛物线与x轴的另一个交点的坐标是（3，0），∴根据图示知，当x＞3时，y＜0．故①正确；②根据图示知，抛物线开口方向向下，则a＜0．∵对称轴x=﹣=1，∴b=﹣2a，∴3a+b=3a﹣2a=a＜0，即3a+b＜0．故②错误；③∵抛物线与x轴的两个交点坐标分别是（﹣1，0），（3，0），∴﹣1×3=﹣3，∴=﹣3，则a=﹣．∵抛物线与y轴的交点在（0，2）、（0，3）之间（包含端点），∴2≤c≤3，∴﹣1≤﹣≤﹣，即﹣1≤a≤﹣．故③正确；④根据题意知，a=﹣，﹣=1，∴b=﹣2a=，∴n=a+b+c=c．∵2≤c≤3，∴≤c≤4，即≤n≤4．故④错误．综上所述，正确的说法有①③．故选D．【点评】本题考查了二次函数图象与系数的关系．二次函数y=ax2+bx+c系数符号由抛物线开口方向、对称轴、抛物线与y轴的交点抛物线与x轴交点的个数确定．二、填空题：本大题共6小题，共24分，只要求填写最后结果，每小题填对得4分．13．因式分解：x2﹣2xy+y2=（x﹣y）2．【考点】因式分解-运用公式法．【专题】计算题．【分析】根据完全平方公式直接解答即可．【解答】解：原式=（x﹣y）2．故答案为（x﹣y）2．【点评】本题考查了因式分解﹣﹣运用公式法，熟悉因式分解是解题的关键．14．将三角板（不是等腰的）顶点放置在直线AB上的O点处，使AB∥CD，则∠2的余弦值是．【考点】特殊角的三角函数值；平行线的性质．【专题】探究型．【分析】先根据平行线的性质及直角三角板的特点求出∠2的度数，再根据特殊角的三角函数值进行解答即可．【解答】解：由三角板的特点可知，∠D=60°，∵AB∥CD，∴∠D=∠2=60°，∴cos∠2=cos60°=．故答案为：．【点评】本题考查的是直角三角板的特点及平行线的性质、特殊角的三角函数值，熟记特殊角的三角函数值是解答此题的关键．15．如图，△ABC中，AB=AC，∠A=30°，DE垂直平分AC，则∠BCD的度数为45°．【考点】线段垂直平分线的性质．【专题】计算题．【分析】首先利用线段垂直平分线的性质推出∠DAC=∠DCA，根据等腰三角形的性质可求出∠ABC=∠ACB，易求∠BCD的度数．【解答】解：∵AB=AC，∠A=30°（已知）∴∠ABC=∠ACB==75°∵DE垂直平分AC，∴AD=CD；∴∠A=∠ACD=30°，∴∠BCD=∠ACB﹣∠ACD，∴∠BCD=45°；故答案为：45°．【点评】本题主要考查了线段垂直平分线的性质以及等腰三角形的性质，难度一般．16．方程x2﹣2x﹣1=0的解是x1=1+，x2=1﹣．【考点】解一元二次方程-配方法．【分析】首先把常数项2移项后，然后在左右两边同时加上一次项系数﹣2的一半的平方，然后开方即可求得答案．【解答】解：∵x2﹣2x﹣1=0，∴x2﹣2x=1，∴x2﹣2x+1=2，∴（x﹣1）2=2，∴x=1±，∴原方程的解为：x1=1+，x2=1﹣．故答案为：x1=1+，x2=1﹣．【点评】此题考查了配方法解一元二次方程．解题时注意配方法的一般步骤：（1）把常数项移到等号的右边；（2）把二次项的系数化为1；（3）等式两边同时加上一次项系数一半的平方．选择用配方法解一元二次方程时，最好使方程的二次项的系数为1，一次项的系数是2的倍数．17．如图，点E在正方形ABCD内，满足∠AEB=90°，AE=6，BE=8，则阴影部分的面积是76．【考点】勾股定理；正方形的性质．【分析】根据勾股定理求出AB，分别求出△AEB和正方形ABCD的面积，即可求出答案．【解答】解：∵在Rt△AEB中，∠AEB=90°，AE=6，BE=8，∴由勾股定理得：AB==10，∴正方形的面积是10×10=100，∵△AEB的面积是AE×BE=×6×8=24，∴阴影部分的面积是100﹣24=76，故答案是：76．【点评】本题考查了正方形的性质，三角形的面积，勾股定理的应用，主要考查学生的计算能力和推理能力．18．猜数字游戏中，小明写出如下一组数：，，，，…，小亮猜想出第六个数字是，根据此规律，第n个数是．【考点】规律型：数字的变化类．【分析】根据分数的分子是2n，分母是2n+3，进而得出答案即可．【解答】解：∵分数的分子分别是：2 2=4，23=8，24=16，…分数的分母分别是：2 2+3=7，23+3=11，24+3=19，…∴第n个数是．故答案为：．【点评】此题主要考查了数字变化规律，根据已知得出分子与分母的变化规律是解题关键．三、选修题、本小题满分6分，请在下列两个小题中，任选其一完成即可19．（1）解方程组：（2）解不等式组：．【考点】解二元一次方程组；解一元一次不等式组．【专题】计算题．【分析】（1）方程组利用加减消元法求出解即可；（2）求出不等式组中两不等式的解集，找出解集的公共部分即可．【解答】解：（1）①+②得：4x=20，即x=5，把x=5代入①得：y=1，则方程组的解为；（2），由①得：x＜﹣1，由②得：x≤2，则不等式组的解集为x＜﹣1．【点评】此题考查了解二元一次方程组，以及解一元一次不等式组，熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键．四、解答题：本大题共7个小题，满分54分．解答时请写出必要的演推过程．20．计算﹣2sin45°+（﹣2）﹣3+（）0．【考点】实数的运算；零指数幂；负整数指数幂；特殊角的三角函数值．【专题】计算题．【分析】原式第一项利用二次根式性质化简，第二项利用特殊角的三角函数值计算，第三项利用负整数指数幂法则计算，最后一项利用零指数幂法则计算即可得到结果．【解答】解：原式=﹣1﹣2×﹣+1=﹣．【点评】此题考查了实数的运算，熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键．21．为了解学生的课余生活情况，某中学在全校范围内随机抽取部分学生进行问卷调查．问卷中请学生选择最喜欢的课余生活种类（2）易知选择音乐类的有4人，选择美术类的有3人．记选择音乐类的4人分别是A1，A2，A，小丁；选择美术类的3人分别是B1，B2，小李．可画出树状图如下：由树状图可知共有12种选取方法，小丁和小李都被选中的情况仅有1种，所以小丁和小李恰好都被选中的概率是或列表：由表可知共有12中选取方法，小丁和小李都被选中的情况仅有1种，所以小丁和小李恰好都被选中的概率是；（3）由（1）可知问卷中最喜欢体育运动的学生占40%，由样本估计总体得得500×40%=200名．所以该年级中最喜欢体育运动的学生约有200名．【点评】本题考查的是条形统计图和扇形统计图及用样本估计总体等知识的综合运用．读懂统计图，从不同的统计图中得到必要的信息是解决问题的关键．条形统计图能清楚地表示出每个项目的数据；扇形统计图直接反映部分占总体的百分比大小．22．如图，△ABC内接于⊙O，点D在半径OB的延长线上，∠BCD=∠A=30°．（1）试判断直线CD与⊙O的位置关系，并说明理由；（2）若⊙O的半径长为1，求由弧BC、线段CD和BD所围成的阴影部分面积．（结果保留π和根号）【考点】切线的判定；扇形面积的计算．【专题】几何综合题．【分析】（1）由已知可证得OC⊥CD，OC为圆的半径所以直线CD与⊙O相切；（2）根据已知可求得OC，CD的长，则利用S阴影=S△COD﹣S扇形OCB求得阴影部分的面积．【解答】解：（1）直线CD 与⊙O 相切， ∵在⊙O 中，∠COB=2∠CAB=2×30°=60°， 又∵OB=OC ， ∴△OBC 是正三角形， ∴∠OCB=60°， 又∵∠BCD=30°， ∴∠OCD=60°+30°=90°， ∴OC ⊥CD ， 又∵OC 是半径， ∴直线CD 与⊙O 相切．（2）由（1）得△OCD 是Rt △，∠COB=60°， ∵OC=1， ∴CD=，∴S △COD =OC •CD=，又∵S 扇形OCB =，∴S 阴影=S △COD ﹣S 扇形OCB =．【点评】此题主要考查学生对切线的性质及扇形的面积公式的理解及运用．23．海丰塔是无棣灿烂文化的象征（如图①），喜爱数学实践活动的小伟查资料得知：海丰塔，史称唐塔，原名大觉寺塔，始建于唐贞观十三年（公元639年），碑记为“尉迟敬德监建”，距今已1300多年，被誉为冀鲁三胜之一．小伟决定用自己所学习的知识测量海丰塔的高度．如图②，他利用测角仪站在B 处测得海丰塔最高点P 的仰角为45°，又前进了18米到达A 处，在A 处测得P 的仰角为60°．请你帮助小伟算算海丰塔的高度．（测角仪高度忽略不计，≈1.7，结果保留整数）．【考点】解直角三角形的应用-仰角俯角问题．【分析】设海丰塔的高OP=x，在Rt△POB中表示出OB，在Rt△POA中表示出OA，再由AB=18米，可得出方程，解出即可得出答案．【解答】解：设海丰塔的高OP=x，在Rt△POB中，∠OBP=45°，则OB=OP=x，在Rt△POA中，∠OAP=60°，则OA==x，由题意得，AB=OB﹣OA=18m，即x﹣x=18，解得：x=27+9，故海丰塔的高度OP=27+9≈42米．答：海丰塔的高度约为42米．【点评】本题考查了解直角三角形的应用，要求学生能借助仰角构造直角三角形并解直角三角形，注意方程思想的运用．24．如图，在平行四边形ABCD中，AE⊥BC于E，AF⊥CD于F，BD与AE、AF分别相交于G、H．（1）求证：△ABE∽△ADF；（2）若AG=AH，求证：四边形ABCD是菱形．【考点】菱形的判定；全等三角形的判定与性质；平行四边形的性质；相似三角形的判定与性质．【专题】证明题．【分析】（1）利用两角对应相等可证出△ABE∽△ADF；（2）利用（1）的结论，先证出△ABG≌△ADH，得到AB=AD，那么平行四边形ABCD是菱形．【解答】证明：（1）∵AE⊥BC，AF⊥CD，∴∠AEB=∠AFD=90度．∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形，∴∠ABE=∠ADF．∴△ABE∽△ADF．（2）∵△ABE∽△ADF，∴∠BAG=∠DAH．∵AG=AH，∴∠AGH=∠AHG，从而∠AGB=∠AHD，∴△ABG≌△ADH，∴AB=AD．∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形，∴四边形ABCD是菱形．【点评】本题利用了相似三角形的判定和性质，全等三角形的判定和性质以及菱形的判定．25．我们把一个半圆与抛物线的一部分合成的封闭图形称为“蛋圆”，如果一条直线与“蛋圆”只有一个交点，那么这条直线叫做“蛋圆”的切线．如图，点A、B、C、D分别是“蛋圆”与坐标轴的交点，AB为半圆的直径，点M为圆心，A点坐标为（﹣2，0），B点坐标为（4，0），D点的坐标为（0，﹣4）．（1）你能求出经过点C的“蛋圆”切线的解析式吗？试试看；（2）请你求出“蛋圆”抛物线部分的解析式，并写出自变量x的取值范围．（3）你能求出经过点D的“蛋圆”切线的解析式吗？能，请写出过程，不能，请说明理由．【考点】二次函数综合题．【分析】（1）易得点A、B的坐标，用交点式设出二次函数解析式，把D坐标代入即可．自变量的取值范围是点A、B之间的数．（2）先设出切线与x轴交于点E．利用直角三角形相应的三角函数求得EM的长，进而求得点E坐标，把C、E坐标代入一次函数解析式即可求得所求的解析式．（3）设出所求函数解析式，让它与二次函数组成方程组，消除y，让跟的判别式为0，即可求得一次函数的比例系数k．【解答】解：（1）如图，设经过点C“蛋圆”的切线CE交x轴于点E，连结CM，∴CM⊥CE，又∵A点坐标为（﹣2，0），B点坐标为（4，0），AB为半圆的直径，点M为圆心，∴M点的坐标为（1，0），∴AO=2，BO=4，OM=1．又因为CO⊥x轴，所以CO2=AO•OB，解得：CO=2，又∵CM⊥CE，CO⊥x轴，∴CO2=EO•OM，解之得：EO=8，∴E点的坐标是（﹣8，0），∴切线CE的解析式为：y=x+2；（2）根据题意可得：A（﹣2，0），B（4，0）；则设抛物线的解析式为y=a（x+2）（x﹣4）（a≠0），又∵点D（0，﹣4）在抛物线上，∴a=；∴y=x2﹣x﹣4自变量取值范围：﹣2≤x≤4；（3）设过点D（0，﹣4），“蛋圆”切线的解析式为：y=kx﹣4（k≠0），由题意可知方程组只有一组解．即kx﹣4=x2﹣x﹣4有两个相等实根，∴k=﹣1，∴过点D“蛋圆”切线的解析式y=﹣x﹣4；【点评】本题以半圆与抛物线合成的封闭图形“蛋圆”为背景，考查一次函数、二次函数有关性质，解题过程中涉及解一元一次方程、一元二次方程、方程组相关知识与技能，是一道综合性很强的试题．。

2024年广东省深圳市中考数学二模练习试卷满分100分，考试时长90分钟第一部分 选择题一、选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分，每小题有四个选项，其中只有一个是正确的）1. 2025的相反数是（ ）A. 2025−B. 12025−C. 2025D. 12025 2. 下列四个手机应用图标中，既是轴对称图形，又是中心对称图形是（ ）A. B. C. D. 3. 第19届亚运会将于2023年9月23日至10月8日在中国浙江省杭州市举行，杭州奥体博览城游泳馆区建筑总面积272000平方米，将数272000用科学记数法表示为（ ）A. 70.27210×B. 62.7210×C. 52.7210×D. 427210× 4. 如图．直线//a b ，将一块含有45°角的直角三角板的两个顶点放在直线a ，b 上，如果220∠°．那么1∠度数为（ ）A. 15°B. 20°C. 25°D. 30°5. 实数a ，b ，c 在数轴上的对应点的位置如图所示，下列结论正确的是（ ）A. a c b >>B. c a b a −>−C. 0a b +<D. 22ac bc < 6. 如图，点O 是ABC 的外接圆的圆心，若80A ∠=°，则BOC ∠为（ ）的A. 100°B. 160°C. 150°D. 130°7. 《九章算术》中有这样一个题：“今有醇酒一斗，直钱五十；行酒一斗，直钱一十．今将钱三十，得酒二斗．问醇、行酒各得几何？其译文是 ：今有醇酒（优质酒）1斗，价值50钱；行酒（劣质酒）1斗，价值10钱；现有30钱，买得2斗酒．问醇酒、行酒各能买得多少？设醇酒为x 斗，行酒为y 斗，则可列二元一次方程组为（ ）A. 2501030x y x y += +=B. -2501030x y x y = +=C. 2105030x y x y += +=D. 2103050x y x y += +=8. 甲、乙两地相距120km ，一辆汽车上午9:00从甲地出发驶往乙地，匀速行驶了一半的路程后将速度提高了30km /h ，并继续匀速行驶至乙地，汽车行驶的路程()km y 与时间()h x 之间的函数关系如图所示，该车到达乙地的时间是当天上午（ ）A. 10:35B. 10:40C. 10:45D. 10:509. 如图，在ABC 中，90C ∠=°，30B ∠=°，以A 为圆心，任意长为半径画弧分别交AB 、AC 于点M 和N ，再分别以M 、N 为圆心，大于MN 的长为半径画弧，两弧交于点P ，连接AP 并延长交BC 于点D ，以下结论错误的是（ ）A. AD 是BAC ∠的平分线B. 60ADC ∠=°C. 点D 在线段AB 的垂直平分线上D. :1:2ABD ABC S S =△△10. 定义：在平面直角坐标系中，对于点()11,P x y ，当点()22,Q x y 满足()12122x x y y +=+时，称点()22,Q x y 是点()11,P x y 的“倍增点”，已知点()11,0P ，有下列结论：①点()13,8Q ，()22,2Q −−都是点1P 的“倍增点”；②若直线2y x =+上点A 是点1P 的“倍增点”，则点A 的坐标为()2,4；③抛物线223y x x =−−上存在两个点是点1P 的“倍增点”；④若点B 是点1P 的“倍增点”，则1PB其中，正确结论的个数是（ ）A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4 第二部分 非选择题二、填空题（本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）11. 若226m n −=−，且m ﹣n ＝﹣3，则m +n ＝_____．12. 一只不透明的袋中装有2个白球和n 个黑球，这些球除颜色外都相同，搅匀后从中任意摸出1个球，摸到白球的概率为14，那么黑球的个数是______． 13. 如图，正六边形ABCDEF 的边长为2，以顶点A 为圆心，AB 的长为半径画圆，则图中阴影部分的面积为______．的14. 如图，在矩形OABC 和正方形CDEF 中，点A 在y 轴正半轴上，点C ，F 均在x 轴正半轴上，点D 在边BC 上，2BC CD =，3AB =．若点B ，E 在同一个反比例函数的图象上，则这个反比例函数的表达式是__________．15. 如图，在矩形ABCD 中，E 是AB 的中点，过点E 作ED 的垂线交BC 于点F ，对角线AC 分别交DE ，DF 于点G ，H ，当DH AC ⊥时，则GH EF的值为______．三、解答题（本题共7小题，共55分，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．） 16. 计算：（1）()2014cos3032π− −+°−−− （2）()()()332a a a a +−−−．17. 某校为加强书法教学，了解学生现有的书写能力，随机抽取了部分学生进行测试，测试结果分为优秀、良好、及格、不及格四个等级，分别用A ，B ，C ，D 表示，并将测试结果绘制成如下两幅不完整的统计图．请根据统计图中的信息解答以下问题；（1）本次抽取的学生共有_______人，扇形统计图中A 所对应扇形的圆心角是______°，并把条形统计图补充完整；（2）依次将优秀、良好、及格、不及格记为90分、80分、70分、50分，则抽取的这部分学生书写成绩的众数是_______分，中位数是_______分，平均数是_______分；（3）若该校共有学生2800人，请估计一下，书写能力等级达到优秀的学生大约有_____人：（4）A 等级的4名学生中有3名女生和1名男生，现在需要从这4人中随机抽取2人参加电视台举办的“中学生书法比赛”，请用列表或画树状图的方法，求被抽取的2人恰好是1名男生1名女生的概率． 18. “母亲节”来临之际，某花店打算使用不超过30000元的进货资金购进百合与康乃馨两种鲜花共1200束进行销售．百合与康乃馨的进货价格分别为每束30元、18元，百合每束的售价是康乃馨每束售价的1.6倍，若消费者用3200元购买百合的数量比用2400元购买康乃馨的数量少10束．（1）求百合与康乃馨两种鲜花的售价分别为每束多少元；（2）花店为了让利给消费者，决定把百合的售价每束降低4元，康乃馨的售价每束降低2元．求花店应如何进货才能获得最大利润．（假设购进的两种鲜花全部销售完）19. 如图1为放置在水平桌面l 上的台灯，底座的高AB 为5cm ，长度均为20cm 的连杆BC ，CD 与AB 始终在同一平面上．（1）转动连杆BC ，CD ，使BCD ∠成平角，150ABC ∠=°，如图2，求连杆端点D 离桌面l 的高度DE ．（2）将（1）中的连杆CD 再绕点C 逆时针旋转，使165BCD ∠°＝，此时连杆端点D 离桌面l 的高度是增加还是减少？增加或减少了多少？（精确到0.1cm1.41≈1.73≈）20. 如图，在ABC 中，90C ∠=°，O 是AB 上一点，以OA 为半径的O 与BC 相切于点D ，与AB 相交于点E ．（1）求证：AD 是BAC ∠的平分线；（2）若2BE =，4BD =，求AE 的长．21. 如图，BC 是O 的直径，点A 在O 上，OD AC ⊥于点G ，交O 于点D ，过点D 作EF AB ⊥，分别交BA ，BC 的延长线于点E ，F ．（1）求证：EF 是O 的切线；（2）若2AE =，4tan 3B =，求O 的半径． 22. （1）【探究发现】如图①所示，在正方形ABCD 中，E AD 边上一点，将AEB △沿BE 翻折到BEF △处，延长EF 交CD 边于G 点．求证：BFG BCG △≌△（2）【类比迁移】如图②，在矩形ABCD 中，E 为AD 边上一点，且8,6,AD AB ==将AEB △沿BE翻为折到BEF △处，延长EF 交BC 边于点,G 延长BF 交CD 边于点,H 且,FH CH =求AE 长．（3）【拓展应用】如图③，在菱形ABCD 中，6AB =，E 为CD 边上的三等分点，60,D ∠=°将ADE 沿AE 翻折得到AFE △，直线EF 交BC 于点,P 求CP 的长．23. 如图，在平面直角坐标系中，经过点()4,0A 直线AB 与y 轴交于点()0,4B ．经过原点O 的抛物线2y x bx c =−++交直线AB 于点A ，C ，抛物线的顶点为D ．（1）求抛物线2y x bx c =−++的表达式；的的（2）M 是线段AB 上一点，N 是抛物线上一点，当MN y ∥轴且2MN =时，求点M 的坐标；（3）P 是抛物线上一动点，Q 是平面直角坐标系内一点．是否存在以点A ，C ，P ，Q 为顶点的四边形是矩形？若存在，直接写出点Q 的坐标；若不存在，请说明理由．2024年广东省深圳市中考数学二模练习试卷满分100分，考试时长90分钟第一部分 选择题一、选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分，每小题有四个选项，其中只有一个是正确的）1. 2025的相反数是（ ）A. 2025−B. 12025−C. 2025D. 12025【答案】A【解析】【分析】根据相反数的定义进行求解即可．【详解】解：2025的相反数是2025−，故选A ．【点睛】本题主要考查了求一个数的相反数，熟知只有符号不同的两个数互为相反数，0的相反数是0是解题的关键．2. 下列四个手机应用图标中，既是轴对称图形，又是中心对称图形的是（ ）A. B. C. D.【答案】A【解析】【分析】A 既是轴对称图形，又是中心对称图形;B 是轴对称图形，不是中心对称图形;C 既不是轴对称图形，也不是中心对称图形;D 既不是轴对称图形，也不是中心对称图形;【详解】请在此输入详解！3. 第19届亚运会将于2023年9月23日至10月8日在中国浙江省杭州市举行，杭州奥体博览城游泳馆区建筑总面积272000平方米，将数272000用科学记数法表示为（ ）A. 70.27210×B. 62.7210×C. 52.7210×D. 427210×【答案】C【解析】【分析】用科学记数法表示较大的数时，一般形式为10n a ×，其中110a ≤<，n 为整数，且n 比原来的整数位数少1，据此判断即可．【详解】解：5272000 2.7210=×，故选：C ．【点睛】本题考查了科学记数法的表示方法，用科学记数法表示较大的数时，一般形式为10n a ×，其中110a ≤<，n 为整数，且n 比原来的整数位数少1，解题的关键是要正确确定a 和n 的值． 4. 如图．直线//a b ，将一块含有45°角的直角三角板的两个顶点放在直线a ，b 上，如果220∠°．那么1∠度数为（ ）A. 15°B. 20°C. 25°D. 30°【答案】C【解析】 【分析】根据平行线的性质即可得到结论．【详解】解：如图，过E 作EF ∥直线a ，则EF ∥直线b ，∴∠3=∠1，∠4=∠2=20°，∴∠1=45°-∠2=25°；故选：C ．【点睛】本题考查了平行线的性质，熟记两直线平行内错角相等是解题的关键． 5. 实数a ，b ，c 在数轴上的对应点的位置如图所示，下列结论正确的是（ ）A. a c b >>B. c a b a −>−C. 0a b +<D. 22ac bc < 【答案】D【解析】【分析】根据a b c ，，对应的点在数轴上的位置，利用不等式的性质逐一判断即可．【详解】解：由数轴得：0a c b <<<，a b <，故选项A 不符合题意；∵c b <，∴c a b a −<−，故选项B 不符合题意； ∵a b <，a b <，∴0a b +>，故选项C 不符合题意；∵a b <，0c ≠，∴22ac bc <，故选项D 符合题意；故选：D ．【点睛】本题考查的是实数与数轴，绝对值的概念，不等式的性质，掌握以上知识是解题的关键． 6. 如图，点O 是ABC 的外接圆的圆心，若80A ∠=°，则BOC ∠为（ ）A. 100°B. 160°C. 150°D. 130°【答案】B【解析】 【分析】根据圆周角定理即可得到BOC ∠的度数．【详解】解：∵点O 是ABC 的外接圆的圆心，∴A ∠、BOC ∠同对着 BC， ∵80A ∠=°，∴2160BOC A ∠°=∠=，故选：B ．【点睛】此题考查了圆周角定理，熟练掌握圆周角定理是解答本题的关键，同圆或等圆中，同弧或等弧所对的圆周角等于这条弧所对的圆心角的一半．7. 《九章算术》中有这样一个题：“今有醇酒一斗，直钱五十；行酒一斗，直钱一十．今将钱三十，得酒二斗．问醇、行酒各得几何？其译文是 ：今有醇酒（优质酒）1斗，价值50钱；行酒（劣质酒）1斗，价值10钱；现有30钱，买得2斗酒．问醇酒、行酒各能买得多少？设醇酒为x 斗，行酒为y 斗，则可列二元一次方程组为（ ）A. 2501030x y x y += +=B. -2501030x y x y = +=C. 2105030x y x y += +=D. 2103050x y x y += +=【答案】A【解析】 【分析】设醇酒为x 斗，行酒为y 斗，根据两种酒共用30钱，共2斗的等量关系列出方程组即可．【详解】设醇酒为x 斗，行酒为y 斗，由题意，则有2501030x y x y += +=， 故选A ．【点睛】本题考查了二元一次方程组的应用，弄清题意，找准等量关系列出相应的方程是解题的关键． 8. 甲、乙两地相距120km ，一辆汽车上午9:00从甲地出发驶往乙地，匀速行驶了一半的路程后将速度提高了30km /h ，并继续匀速行驶至乙地，汽车行驶的路程()km y 与时间()h x 之间的函数关系如图所示，该车到达乙地的时间是当天上午（ ）A. 10:35B. 10:40C. 10:45D. 10:50【答案】B【解析】 【分析】根据路程、速度和时间的关系结合函数图像解答即可.【详解】解：∵汽车匀速行驶了一半的路程后将速度提高了30km /h ，甲、乙两地相距120km ，∴汽车1小时行驶了60km ，汽车的速度为60km /h ，∴1小时以后的速度为90km /h ， 汽车行驶完后面的路程需要的时间为60604090×=分钟， 故该车到达乙地的时间是当天上午10:40；故选：B .【点睛】本题考查了函数的图像，正确理解题意、灵活应用数形结合思想是解题的关键.9. 如图，在ABC 中，90C ∠=°，30B ∠=°，以A 为圆心，任意长为半径画弧分别交AB 、AC 于点M 和N ，再分别以M 、N 为圆心，大于MN 的长为半径画弧，两弧交于点P ，连接AP 并延长交BC 于点D ，以下结论错误的是（ ）A. AD 是BAC ∠的平分线B. 60ADC ∠=°C. 点D 在线段AB 的垂直平分线上D. :1:2ABD ABC S S =△△【答案】D【解析】 【分析】本题考查的是角平分线的含义，线段的垂直平分线的判定，含30°的直角三角形的性质，A 根据作图的过程可以判定AD 是BAC ∠的角平分线；B 利用角平分线的定义可以推知30CAD ∠=°，则由直角三角形的性质来求ADC ∠的度数；C 利用等角对等边可以证得AD DB =，由线段垂直平分线的判定可以证明点D 在AB 的垂直平分线上；D 利用30°角所对的直角边是斜边的一半求出1122CD AD DB ==，进而可得:1:2DAC ABD S S =△△，则:2:3ABD ABC S S = ． 【详解】解：根据作图方法可得AD 是BAC ∠的平分线，故A 正确，不符合题意；∵9030C B ∠=°∠=°，，∴60CAB ∠=°，∵AD 是BAC ∠的平分线，∴30DAC DAB ∠=∠=°，∴60ADC ∠=°，故B 正确，不符合题意；∵3030B DAB ∠=°∠=°，，∴AD DB =，∴点D 在AB 的垂直平分线上，故C 正确，不符合题意；∵30CAD ∠=°， ∴12CD AD =， ∵AD DB =， ∴12CD DB =， ∴:1:2DAC ABD S S =△△，则:2:3ABD ABC S S = ，故D 错误，符合题意，故选：D ．10. 定义：在平面直角坐标系中，对于点()11,P x y ，当点()22,Q x y 满足()12122x x y y +=+时，称点()22,Q x y 是点()11,P x y “倍增点”，已知点()11,0P ，有下列结论：①点()13,8Q ，()22,2Q −−都是点1P 的“倍增点”；②若直线2y x =+上的点A 是点1P 的“倍增点”，则点A 的坐标为()2,4；③抛物线223y x x =−−上存在两个点是点1P 的“倍增点”；④若点B 是点1P 的“倍增点”，则1PB其中，正确结论的个数是（ ）A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4 【答案】C【解析】【分析】①根据题目所给“倍增点”定义，分别验证12,Q Q 即可；②点(),2A a a +，根据“倍增点”定义，列出方程，求出a 的值，即可判断；③设抛物线上点()2,23D t t t −−是点1P 的“倍增点”，根据“倍增点”定义列出方程，再根据判别式得出该方程根的情况，即可判断；④设点(),B m n ，根据“倍增点”定义可得()21m n +=，根据两点间距离公式可得()22211PB m n =−+，把()21n m =+代入化简并配方，即可得出21PB 的最小值为165，即可判断． 【详解】解：①∵()11,0P ，()13,8Q ，的∴()()121282288103,x x y y +=+=++×==， ∴()12122x x y y +=+，则()13,8Q 是点1P 的“倍增点”；∵()11,0P ，()22,2Q −−，∴()()121222212202,x x y y +==−×−=−=−+， ∴()12122x x y y +=+，则()22,2Q −−是点1P 的“倍增点”；故①正确，符合题意；②设点(),2A a a +，∵点A 是点1P 的“倍增点”，∴()2102a a ×+=++，解得：0a =，∴()0,2A ，故②不正确，不符合题意；③设抛物线上点()2,23D t t t −−是点1P 的“倍增点”，∴()22123t t t +=−−，整理得：2450t t −−=， ∵()()24415360∆=−−××−=>，∴方程有两个不相等实根，即抛物线223y x x =−−上存在两个点是点1P 的“倍增点”；故③正确，符合题意；④设点(),B m n ，∵点B 是点1P 的“倍增点”，∴()21m n +=， ∵(),B m n ，()11,0P ，∴()22211PB m n =−+ ()()22121m m =−++2565m m =++2316555m =++， ∵50>，∴21PB 的最小值为165，∴1PB = 故④正确，符合题意；综上：正确的有①③④，共3个．故选：C ．【点睛】本题主要考查了新定义，解一元一次方程，一元二次方程根的判别式，两点间的距离公式，解题的关键是正确理解题目所给“倍增点”定义，根据定义列出方程求解．第二部分 非选择题二、填空题（本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）11. 若226m n −=−，且m ﹣n ＝﹣3，则m +n ＝_____．【答案】2【解析】【分析】根据平方差公式即可求出答案．【详解】解：∵()()226m n m n m n −=+−=−，m ﹣n ＝﹣3， ∴﹣3（m +n ）＝﹣6，∴m +n ＝2，故答案为：2【点睛】本题考查代数式求值，解题的关键是熟练运用平方差公式，本题属于基础题型．12. 一只不透明的袋中装有2个白球和n 个黑球，这些球除颜色外都相同，搅匀后从中任意摸出1个球，摸到白球的概率为14，那么黑球的个数是______． 【答案】6【解析】【分析】根据概率公式建立分式方程求解即可【详解】∵袋子中装有2个白球和n 个黑球，摸出白球的概率为14，∴22n+=14，解得n=6，经检验n=6是原方程的根，故答案为：6【点睛】本题考查了概率公式，根据概率，运用公式建立起分式方程是解题的关键．13. 如图，正六边形ABCDEF的边长为2，以顶点A为圆心，AB的长为半径画圆，则图中阴影部分的面积为______．【答案】43π##43π【解析】【分析】延长F A交⊙A于G，如图所示：根据六边形ABCDEF是正六边形，AB=2，利用外角和求得∠GAB=360606°=°，再求出正六边形内角∠F AB=180°-∠GAB=180°-60°=120°，利用扇形面积公式代入数值计算即可．【详解】解：延长F A交⊙A于G，如图所示：∵六边形ABCDEF是正六边形，AB=2，∴∠GAB=360606°=°，∠F AB=180°-∠GAB=180°-60°=120°，∴2120443603603 FABn rSπππ××===扇形，故答案为43π． 【点睛】本题主要考查扇形面积计算及正多边形的性质，熟练掌握扇形面积计算及正多边形的性质是解题的关键．14. 如图，在矩形OABC 和正方形CDEF 中，点A 在y 轴正半轴上，点C ，F 均在x 轴正半轴上，点D 在边BC 上，2BC CD =，3AB =．若点B ，E 在同一个反比例函数的图象上，则这个反比例函数的表达式是__________．【答案】18y x= 【解析】【分析】设正方形CDEF 的边长为m ，根据2BC CD =，3AB =，得到()3,2B m ，根据矩形对边相等得到3OC =，推出()3,E m m +，根据点B ，E 在同一个反比例函数的图象上，得到()323m m m ×=+，得到3m =，推出18y x=． 【详解】解：∵四边形OABC 是矩形，∴3OC AB ==，设正方形CDEF 的边长为m ，∴CD CF EF m ===，∵2BC CD =，∴2BC m =，∴()3,2B m ，()3,E m m +，设反比例函数表达式为k y x=， ∴()323m m m ×=+，解得3m =或0m =（不合题意，舍去）， ∴()3,6B ，的∴3618=×=k ， ∴这个反比例函数的表达式是18y x =， 故答案为：18y x=．【点睛】本题主要考查了反比例函数，解决问题的关键是熟练掌握矩形性质，正方形性质，反比例函数性质，k 的几何意义．15. 如图，在矩形ABCD 中，E 是AB 的中点，过点E 作ED 的垂线交BC 于点F ，对角线AC 分别交DE ，DF 于点G ，H ，当DH AC ⊥时，则GH EF的值为______．【解析】【分析】设AD a =，AB b =，根据矩形性质和勾股定理可得AC =，再证得ADE BEF ∽，可得AD AE BE BF=，24b BF a =，进而可得24b CF a a =−，再由tan tan CDF CAD ∠=∠，可得CF CD CD AD =，得出2b CF a =，联立得224b b a a a −=，求得a =，再证得DGH DFE △∽△，即可求得答案． 【详解】解： 四边形ABCD 是矩形，设AD a =，AB b =，90BAD B ADC ∴∠=∠=∠=°，AD BC a ==，AB CD b ==，AC ∴==，EF DE ⊥ ，90DEF ∴∠=°，90ADE AED AED BEF ∴∠+∠=∠+∠=°，ADE BEF ∠∠∴=，ADE BEF ∴ ∽， ∴AD AE BE BF=， E 是AB 的中点， 1122AE BE AB b ∴===， 24b BF a∴=， 24b CF BC BF a a∴=−=−， DH AC ⊥ ，90ADH CAD ∴∠+∠=°，90ADH CDF ∠+∠=° ，CDF CAD ∴∠=∠，tan tan CDF CAD ∴∠=∠， ∴CF CD CD AD=，即CF b b a =， 2b CF a∴=， 224b b a a a∴−=，a ∴， 在Rt ADE △中，DE ， DH AC AD CD ⋅=⋅ ，AD CD DH AC ⋅∴==， 90DHG DEF ∠=∠=° ，GDH FDE ∠=∠，DGH DFE ∴△∽△，∴GH DH EF DE ==． 【点睛】本题考查了矩形的性质，相似三角形的性质与判定，直角三角形的性质，勾股定理等知识的综合运用，熟练掌握相似三角形的判定与性质是解题的关键．三、解答题（本题共7小题，共55分，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．） 16. 计算：（1）()2014cos3032π− −+°−−− （2）()()()332a a a a +−−−．【答案】（1）3（2）29a −【解析】【分析】本题考查含特殊角三角函数值的混合运算和整式的乘法．（1）先计算负指数幂，零指数幂，特殊角的三角函数值和二次根式，再进行加减计算；（2）根据平方差公式和单项式乘多项式法则计算，再合并同类项即可．【小问1详解】解： ()2014cos3032π− −+°−−441=+−41=+−−3=【小问2详解】()()()332a a a a +−−−2292a a a −−+29=−a17. 某校为加强书法教学，了解学生现有的书写能力，随机抽取了部分学生进行测试，测试结果分为优秀、良好、及格、不及格四个等级，分别用A ，B ，C ，D 表示，并将测试结果绘制成如下两幅不完整的统计图．请根据统计图中信息解答以下问题；（1）本次抽取的学生共有_______人，扇形统计图中A 所对应扇形的圆心角是______°，并把条形统计图补充完整；（2）依次将优秀、良好、及格、不及格记为90分、80分、70分、50分，则抽取的这部分学生书写成绩的众数是_______分，中位数是_______分，平均数是_______分；（3）若该校共有学生2800人，请估计一下，书写能力等级达到优秀的学生大约有_____人：（4）A 等级的4名学生中有3名女生和1名男生，现在需要从这4人中随机抽取2人参加电视台举办的“中学生书法比赛”，请用列表或画树状图的方法，求被抽取的2人恰好是1名男生1名女生的概率．【答案】（1）40；36；见解析（2）70；70；66.5（3）280 （4）12【解析】【分析】（1）由C 等级人数及其所占百分比可得总人数，用360°乘以A 等级人数所占比例即可得； （2）由中位数，众数，平均数的定义结合数据求解即可；（3）利用总人数乘以样本中A 等级人数所占比例即可得；（4）列表或画树状图得出所有等可能的情况数，找出刚好抽到一男一女的情况数，即可求出所求的概率．【小问1详解】本次抽取的学生人数是1640%40÷=（人）， 扇形统计图中A 所对应扇形圆心角的度数是43603640°×=°， 故答案为40人、36°；B 等级人数为()40416146−++=（人），的补全条形图如下：【小问2详解】由条形统计图可知众数为：70由A 、B 、C 的人数相加得：4+6+16=26>20，所以中位数为：70平均数：4906801670145066.540×+×+×+×= 【小问3详解】 等级达到优秀的人数大约有4280028040×=（人）； 【小问4详解】画树状图为：∵共有12种等可能情况，1男1女有6种情况，∴被选中的2人恰好是1男1女的概率为12．【点睛】本题考查了扇形统计图，条形统计图，中位数，众数，平均数，树状图等知识点，解题时注意：概率=所求情况数与总情况数之比．18. “母亲节”来临之际，某花店打算使用不超过30000元的进货资金购进百合与康乃馨两种鲜花共1200束进行销售．百合与康乃馨的进货价格分别为每束30元、18元，百合每束的售价是康乃馨每束售价的1.6倍，若消费者用3200元购买百合的数量比用2400元购买康乃馨的数量少10束．（1）求百合与康乃馨两种鲜花的售价分别为每束多少元；（2）花店为了让利给消费者，决定把百合售价每束降低4元，康乃馨的售价每束降低2元．求花店应如何进货才能获得最大利润．（假设购进的两种鲜花全部销售完）为的【答案】（1）康乃馨的售价为每束40元，百合的售价为每束64元；（2）购进百合700束，购进康乃馨500束．【解析】【分析】本题考查了分式方程，一次函数的应用，解题的关键是读懂题意，列出方程和函数关系式． （1）设康乃馨的售价为每束x 元，根据消费者用3200元购买百合的数量比用2400元购买康乃馨的数量少10束得：32002400101.6x x+=，解方程并检验可得答案； （2）设购进百合m 束，根据使用不超过30000元的进货资金购进百合与康乃馨两种鲜花，有()3018120030000m m +−≤，700m ≤，设花店获得利润为w 元，可得：()()()644304021812001024000w m m m =−−+−−−=+，再根据一次函数性质可得答案；【小问1详解】设康乃馨的售价为每束x 元，则百合的售价为每束1.6x 元； 根据题意得：32002400101.6x x+=， 解得：40x =，经检验，40x =是原方程的解，∴1.6 1.64064x =×=，答：康乃馨的售价为每束40元，百合的售价为每束64元；【小问2详解】设购进百合m 束，则购进康乃馨()1200−m 束，∵使用不超过30000元的进货资金购进百合与康乃馨两种鲜花，∴()3018120030000m m +−≤，解得700m ≤，设花店获得利润为w 元，根据题意得：()()()644304021812001024000w m m m =−−+−−−=+，∵100>，∴w 随m 的增大而增大，∴当700m =时，w 取最大值107002400031000×+=（元）， 此时12001200700500m −=−=，答：购进百合700束，购进康乃馨500束．19. 如图1为放置在水平桌面l 上的台灯，底座的高AB 为5cm ，长度均为20cm 的连杆BC ，CD 与AB 始终在同一平面上．（1）转动连杆BC ，CD ，使BCD ∠成平角，150ABC ∠=°，如图2，求连杆端点D 离桌面l 的高度DE ．（2）将（1）中的连杆CD 再绕点C 逆时针旋转，使165BCD ∠°＝，此时连杆端点D 离桌面l 的高度是增加还是减少？增加或减少了多少？（精确到0.1cm 1.41≈ 1.73≈）【答案】（1）39.6cm（2）减少了3.2cm【解析】【分析】本题考查解直角三角形的应用，解题的关键是学会添加常用辅助线，构造直角三角形解决问题． （1）如图2中，作BO DE ⊥于O ．解直角三角形求出OD 即可解决问题．（2）作DF ⊥l 于F ，CP DF ⊥于P ，BG DF ⊥于G ，CH BG ⊥于H ．则四边形PCHG 是矩形，求出DF ，再求出DF DE −即可解决问题．【小问1详解】如图2中，作BO DE ⊥于O ．∵90OEA BOE BAE ∠=∠=∠=°，∴四边形ABOE 是矩形，∴90OBA ∠=°，∴1509060DBO °−°∠==°，∴)sin 60cm ODBD =⋅°=，∴()539.6cm DE OD OE OD AB =+=+=+≈．【小问2详解】作DF ⊥l 于F ，CP DF ⊥于P ，BG DF ⊥于G ，CH BG ⊥于H ．则四边形PCHG 是矩形，∵6090CBH CHB ∠=°∠=°,，∴30BCH ∠=°，∵165BCD ∠=°，∴45DCP ∠=°， )sin 60cm CH BC ∴=⋅°=，)sin 45cm DPCD =⋅°=， ∴DF DP PG GF DP CH AB =++=++()()5cm =++，∴下降高度：55DE DF −=+−−− ()3.2cm =−≈．20. 如图，在ABC 中，90C ∠=°，O 是AB 上一点，以OA 为半径的O 与BC 相切于点D ，与AB 相交于点E ．（1）求证：AD 是BAC ∠的平分线；（2）若2BE =，4BD =，求AE 的长．【答案】（1）见解析 （2）6【解析】【分析】（1）根据切线的性质得OD BC ⊥，再由90C ∠=°，得OD AC ∥，由平行线的性质得ODA DAC ∠=∠，又因为等腰三角形得ODA OAD ∠=∠，等量代换即可得证；（2）在Rt BOD 中222BD OD BO +=，由勾股定理即可求半径．【小问1详解】证明：连接OD ；∵O 与BC 相切于点D∴OD BC ⊥∴90ODB ∠=°∵90C ∠=°，∴ODB C ∠=∠∴OD AC ∥∴ODA DAC ∠=∠∵OD OA =∴ODA OAD ∠=∠∴OAD DAC ∠=∠∴AD 是BAC ∠的平分线；【小问2详解】解：∵90C ∠=°∴在Rt BOD 中222BD OD BO +=；∵2BE =，4BD =，设圆的半径为r ，∴()22242r r +=+解得3r =：，∴圆的半径为3∴6AE =．【点睛】本题考查了切线的性质、角平分线的性质、勾股定理，熟悉角平分线的定义与性质是解决本题的关键．21. 如图，BC 是O 的直径，点A 在O 上，OD AC ⊥于点G ，交O 于点D ，过点D 作EF AB ⊥，分别交BA ，BC 的延长线于点E ，F ．（1）求证：EF 是O 的切线；（2）若2AE =，4tan 3B =，求O 的半径． 【答案】（1）见解析 （2）5【解析】【分析】（1）由BC 是O 的直径，点A 在O 上，可得90BAC ∠=°，证明EF AC ∥，则OD EF ⊥，进而结论得证；（2）证明四边形AGDE 是矩形，则2DG AE ==，由OD AB ∥，可得tan tan COG B ∠=∠，即43CG OG =，设4CG a =，则3OG a =，勾股定理得，5OC a =，由OG DG OD +=，可得325a a +=，解得1a =，则5OC =，进而可得结果．【小问1详解】证明：∵BC 是O 的直径，点A 在O 上，∴90BAC ∠=°，即AC AB ⊥，∵EF AB ⊥，∴EF AC ∥，∵OD AC ⊥，∴OD EF ⊥，又∵OD 是半径，∴EF 是O 的切线；【小问2详解】解：∵90BAC ∠=°，EF AB ⊥，OD EF ⊥，∴四边形AGDE 是矩形，∴2DG AE ==，∵OD AC ⊥，AC AB ⊥，∴OD AB ∥，∴COG B ∠=∠，∴tan tan COG B ∠=∠，即43CG OG =， 设4CG a =，则3OG a =，由勾股定理得，5OC a =，∵OG DG OD +=，∴325a a +=，解得1a =，∴5OC =，∴O 的半径为5．【点睛】本题考查了切线的判定，平行线的判定与性质，直径所对的圆周角为直角，勾股定理，正切，矩形的判定与性质等知识．解题的关键在于对知识的熟练掌握与灵活运用．22. （1）【探究发现】如图①所示，在正方形ABCD 中，E 为AD 边上一点，将AEB △沿BE 翻折到BEF △处，延长EF 交CD 边于G 点．求证：BFG BCG △≌△（2）【类比迁移】如图②，在矩形ABCD 中，E 为AD 边上一点，且8,6,AD AB ==将AEB △沿BE 翻折到BEF △处，延长EF 交BC 边于点,G 延长BF 交CD 边于点,H 且,FH CH =求AE 的长．（3）【拓展应用】如图③，在菱形ABCD 中，6AB =，E 为CD 边上的三等分点，60,D ∠=°将ADE 沿AE 翻折得到AFE △，直线EF 交BC 于点,P 求CP 的长．【答案】（1）见解析；（2）92；（3）CP 的长为32或65 【解析】【分析】（1）根据将AEB ∆沿BE 翻折到∆BEF 处，四边形ABCD 是正方形，得AB BF =，90BFE A ∠=∠=°，即得90BFG C ∠=°=∠，可证()Rt BFG Rt BCG HL ≌； （2）延长BH ，AD 交于Q ，设FH HC x ==，在Rt BCH 中，有2228(6)x x +=+，得73x =，113DH DC HC =−=，由BFG BCH ∆∆∽，得6778633BG FG =+，254BG =，74FG =，而//EQ GB ，//DQ CB ，可得BC CH DQ DH =，即783763DQ =−，887DQ =，设AE EF m ==，则8DE m =−，因EQ EF BG FG =，有144725744m m −=，即解得AE 的长为92；（3）分两种情况：（Ⅰ）当123DE DC ==时，延长FE 交AD 于Q ，过Q 作QH CD ⊥于H ，设DQ x =，QE y =，则6AQ x =−，2CP x =，由AE 是AQF ∆的角平分线，有662x y −=①，在Rt ΔHQE中，2221(1))2x y −+=②，可解得34x =，322CP x ==； （Ⅱ）当123CE DC ==时，延长FE 交AD 延长线于Q ′，过D 作DN AB ⊥交BA 延长线于N ，同理解得125x =，65CP =． 【详解】证明：（1） 将AEB ∆沿BE 翻折到∆BEF 处，四边形ABCD 是正方形，AB BF ∴=，90BFE A ∠=∠=°， 90BFG C ∴∠=°=∠，AB BC BF == ，BG BG =，()Rt BFG Rt BCG HL ∴ ≌；（2）解：延长BH ，AD 交于Q ，如图：设FH HC x ==，在Rt BCH 中，222BC CH BH +=，2228(6)x x ∴+=+， 解得73x =， 113DH DC HC ∴=−=， 90BFG BCH ∠=∠=° ，HBC FBG ∠=∠，BFG BCH ∴∆∆∽， ∴BF BG FG BC BH HC ==，即6778633BG FG =+，254BG ∴=，74FG =， //EQ GB ，//DQ CB ，EFQ GFB ∴∆∆∽，DHQ CHB ∆∆∽， ∴BC CH DQ DH =，即783763DQ =−， 887DQ ∴=， 设AE EF m ==，则8DE m =−，88144877EQ DE DQ m m ∴=+=−+=−， EFQ GFB ∆∆ ∽， ∴EQ EF BG FG=，即144725744m m −=， 解得92m =， AE ∴的长为92； （3）（Ⅰ）当123DE DC ==时，延长FE 交AD 于Q ，过Q 作QH CD ⊥于H ，如图：设DQ x =，QE y =，则6AQ x =−，//CP DQ ，CPE QDE ∴∆∆∽， ∴2CP CE DQ DE==， 2CP x ∴=，ADE ∆ 沿AE 翻折得到AFE ∆，2EF DE ∴==，6AF AD ==，QAE FAE ∠=∠， AE ∴是AQF ∆的角平分线， ∴AQ QE AF EF=，即662x y −=①， 60D ∠=° ，1122DH DQ x ∴==，122HE DE DH x =−=−，HQ x =， 在Rt HQE △中，222HE HQ EQ +=，2221(1))2x y ∴−+=②， 联立①②可解得34x =， 322CP x ∴==； （Ⅱ）当123CE DC ==时，延长FE 交AD 延长线于Q ′，过D 作DN AB ⊥交BA 延长线于N ，如图：同理Q AE EAF ′∠=∠， ∴AQ Q E AF EF ′′=，即664x y +=，由222HQ HD Q D ′′+=得：2221)(4)2x y ++=， 可解得125x =， 1625CP x ∴==， 综上所述，CP 的长为32或65．【点睛】本题考查四边形的综合应用，涉及全等三角形的判定，相似三角形的判定与性质，三角形角平分线的性质，勾股定理及应用等知识，解题的关键是方程思想的应用．23. 如图，在平面直角坐标系中，经过点()4,0A 的直线AB 与y 轴交于点()0,4B ．经过原点O 的抛物线2y x bx c =−++交直线AB 于点A ，C ，抛物线的顶点为D ．（1）求抛物线2y x bx c =−++的表达式；（2）M 是线段AB 上一点，N 是抛物线上一点，当MN y ∥轴且2MN =时，求点M 的坐标；（3）P 是抛物线上一动点，Q 是平面直角坐标系内一点．是否存在以点A ，C ，P ，Q 为顶点的四边形是矩形？若存在，直接写出点Q 的坐标；若不存在，请说明理由．【答案】（1）24y x x =−+（2）或()2,2或()3,1（3）存在，()5,1或()4,2−−或或【解析】【分析】（1）利用待定系数法求出抛物线的解析式；(2)求出直线AB 的表达式为4y x =−+，设(),4M t t −+，()2,4N t t t −+，分当M 在N 点上方时，()2244542MN t t t t t =−+−−+=−+=．和当M 在N 点下方时，()2244542MN t t t t t =−+−−+=−+−=，即可求出M 的坐标；（3）画出图形，分AC 是四边形的边和AC 是四边形的对角线，进行讨论，利用勾股定理、相似三角形的。

2024年广东省深圳市34校中考语文二模试卷一、积累与运用。

1．（19分）通知各位同学：ㅤㅤ为了感受春满人间的自然之美，博学班计划于4月7日在仙湖植物园开展“寻深圳之春——仙湖植物园春日游”活动。

请准时参加。

博学班班委会4月5日【活动一：唱春歌】上春山二月天杨柳醉春烟三月三来山青草漫漫最美是人间四月的天一江春水绿如蓝春色闹人不得眠春雨涨满池塘唤睡莲春花儿开遍呢喃的燕春风得意正少年我上春山约你来见我①zǎn了一年万千思念……山上儿童放纸鸢山下游人纷纷追画船东风②fú人面落花作簪踏遍春山不思还………（有删改）（1）请根据语境写出汉字。

①zǎn ②fú（2）以下是同学们对这首歌词的赏析，表述不正确的一项是A.歌词感情基调欢快明朗，渲染了欢乐活泼的氛围，表达了对春日的喜爱和赞美。

B.歌词具有音乐美，押“an”韵，朗朗上口，传达了愉悦的情绪。

C.歌词中“春雨涨满池塘唤睡莲”运用了比喻的手法，写出了万物复苏的春日图景。

D.歌词包含了民俗元素，如三月三踏春，并化用了许多诗词，有古典韵味。

【活动二：吟春诗】（3）唱罢《上春山》，同学们浮想联翩，想到了许多学过的关于春天的诗句。

①几处早莺争暖树，。

（白居易《钱塘湖春行》）②，百般红紫斗芳菲。

（韩愈《晚春》）③晴川历历汉阳树，。

（崔颢《黄鹤楼》）④倚东风，，（秦观《行香子》）【活动三：解花语】（4）同是春日之花，在古诗中却有不同的意味。

小深和小圳由此展开讨论。

小深：杜甫在《春望》中写下“感时花溅泪”，抒发了作者小圳：白居易在《钱塘湖春行》中写到“乱花渐欲迷人眼”，用“乱”形容“花”，表现了【活动四：游春园】（5）游园时，小深发现仙湖植物园中许多有韵味的名字，并由此展开讨论。

小语：仙湖植物园中的许多地名都很有韵味。

小文：我喜欢玉带桥，运用比喻的修辞手法，将桥比作玉带，生动形象地写出了桥的外形优美，蕴含喜爱、赞美之情。

同时，玉是传统文化的重要意象，用以比作洁白无瑕的君子德行，“玉带桥”这一名字典雅、有文采。