上海市上海中学东校2017届高中三年级12月月考英语试题(易错题分析)Word版含答案

2017届高三第七次月考英语试题2016-12-20第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共 115 分）第一部分听力（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．Where are the two speakers?A．In a bookstore．B．In the library．C．In the post office．2．How will the speakers get to their destination?A．By bus．B．By taxi．C．By subway．3．What was the man’s son doing a t the supermarket?A．Working．B．Killing the time． C．Going shopping．4．How much does the man weigh now?A．80 pounds．B．120 pounds．C．160 pounds．5．What caused the car accident?A．Speed driving．B．The bad weather．C．Careless driving．第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6．Why are the mall and Alice often together?A．They are in love．B．They are best friends．C．They often study together．7．What’s the most probable relationship between the two speakers?A．Teacher and student． B．Brother and sister．C．Classmates．听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

2017届高三月考英语试题及答案2017届高三第七次月考英语试题2016-12-20第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共115 分）第一部分听力（共20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．Where are the two speakers?A．In a bookstore．B．In the library．C．In the post office．2．How will the speakers get to their destination? A．By bus．B．By taxi．C．By subway．3．What was the man’s son doing at the supermarket?A．Working．B．Killing the time．C．Going shopping．4．How much does the man weigh now?A．80 pounds． B．120 pounds．C．160 pounds．5．What caused the car accident?A．Speed driving．B．The bad weather．C．Careless driving．第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

2316．What does the man usually do on Thursday afternoons?A．Takes a rest．B．Works in the office．C．Looks for workers．听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

上海中学高三英语周练II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: A fter reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)We know the famous ones-the Thomas Edisons and the Alexand er Graham Bells-but what about the__26__________( famous) inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper ? Shouldn't we know who they are?Joan McLean thinks so. In fact, McLean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter _27_________ she's devel oped a course on the topic. In addition to l earning "who"invented "what", however, McLean also likes her stud ents to learn the answers to the "why" and "how" questions. According to McLean, When stud ents learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give _28______________ a try.So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the id ea in 1902 after a visit to New York City. The day was col d and stormy, but And erson still wanted to see the sights,so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see _29___________ the snow covering the windshield, she found herself _30__________ why there couldn't be a builtin device for cleaning the wind ow. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever (操作杆) on the inside of a vehicl e that would control 31__________ arm on the outside,became the first windshield wiper.Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. It's hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgan's traffic light. It's equally impossible to picture a worl d without Katherine J. Bl odgett's innovation that makes glass invisible. _32_____________ you picture life without clear wind ows and eyeglasses?(B)There are a few things in life more irritating: you are mid conversation with a friend, and sudd enly she bursts out laughing,33_________(make) you think you’ve mad e a brilliant j oke. But then she says, “Sorry, I wasn’t laughing at you. I just saw something really fun on a micro blog.” Now the whol e worl d is beginning to lose patience with this phenomenon known as phubbing: snubbing others in a social setting __34___________checking your phone.In fact, phubbing is just one symptom of our increasing depend ence on mobile phones and the Internet which is replacing normal social interaction. According to a recent pollcarried out by a Sunday newspaper in Britain, a third of Britons__35_______(survey) admitted to being phubbers and more than a quarter said they would answer their phones in the middle of a face to face conversation.36_____________pointing or picking your nose, phubbing is also widely considered rud e behavior in public places. Lately , a Stop Phubbing campaign group has started in Australia and at least five __37___________have sprung up in its wake __38___________anger and discontent at the lack of manners grow.The campaign’s creator , Alex Haigh,23, from Melbourne, said :“A group of friends and I __39__________(chat) the other day when someone raised ho annoying being ignored by peopl e on mobil es was.” He has created a website __40_________companies can d ownload posters to discourage phubbing and even placards for weddings.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Recently the Department of Planning of New York _41________ a report which laid bare a full scal e of the city. In 1970, 18 percent of the city's population was foreign-born. By 1995, the figure had 42______ to 33 percent, and another 20 percent were the US-born offspring of immigrants. So immigrants and their children now form. a (n)_43_____ of the city's population.Who are these New Yorkers? Why d o they come here? Where are they from? OK, time to drop the "they". I'm one of the them. The last question at least is easy to answer: we come from everywhere. In the list of the top 20 44________ nations of those sending immigrants to New York between 1990 and 1994 are six countries in Asia, five in the Caribbean, four' in Latin America, three in Europe, plus Israel and former Soviet Union. And when we immigrants got here we 45_______up our sleeves. “If you are not ready to work when you get to New York,” says a friend of mine , “you’d better hit the road.”The mayor of New York once said, "Immigration has__46_________ the unique character and drive the economic engine of New York City." He believes that immigrants are at the heart of what makes Now York great. In Europe, by contrast, it is much more common to hear politicians worry about the loss of "_47________" that immigration brings to their societies. In the quarter century' since 1970, the United States__48_______ about 12.5 million legal immigrants, and has absorbed them into its social structures with an ease beyond the imagination of other nations. Since these immigrants are__49___________l and hard-working, they will help America to make a(n) _50_______ start in the next century.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the foll owing passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, __51__, words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often __52__ the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business -- __53__ that the customer remains a customer.__54__ to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every year. In constantly changing __55__, this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the __56__ implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big __57__ in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to __58__ increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and __59__ never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in __60__ profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).The logic behind cultivating customer __61__ is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to __62__ them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. __63__ customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price __64__, and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it __65__ for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.51..A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all52. A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe53. A. Denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving54. A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing55..A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses56. A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical57. A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. difference58 .A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget59. A.as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary60. A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable61. A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest62. A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. Attracting63. A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected64. A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive65. A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenientSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C,D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)If you are a male and you are reading this, congratulations: you are a survivor. According to statistics, you are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman, and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average five years before a woman.There are many reasons for this, men take more risks than women and are more likely to drink and smoke, but perhaps more importantly, men d on't go to the doctor."Men aren't seeing d octors as often as they should," says Dr. Gullotta, "This is particularly so for the over-40s, when diseases tend to strike."Gullotta says a healthy man shoul d visit the d octor every year or two. For those over 45,it should be at least once a year.Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed d oing anything about his smoker’s cough for a year.When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from ling cancer,”he says , “Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him, bu t it woul d have prolonged his life.”According to a recent survey, 95%of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age group."A lot of men think they are invincible (不可战胜的)" Gullotta says "They only come in when a friend drops d ead on the golf course and they think 'Geez, if it coul d happen tohim, …'"Then there is the ostrich (鸵鸟) approach, "Some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know," says Dr. Ross Cartmill."Most men get their cars serviced more often than they service their bodies," Cartmill says. He believes most diseases that commonly affect men coul d be addressed by preventive check-ups.Regular check-ups for men woul d inevitably (不可避免地) place stress on the public purse. Cartmill says. "But prevention is cheaper in the l ong run than having to treat the diseases. Besid es, the ultimate cost is far greater. It’s called premature d eath"66.Why d oes the author congratulate his mal e readers at the beginning of the passage?A. They are more likely to suffer diseases today.B. Their average life span has been considerably extended.C. They have lived long enough to red this article.D. They are sure to enjoy a l onger and happier life.67.Which of the foll owing best completes the sentence "Geez, if it could happen to him,…" in paragraph8?A. it coul d happen to me, too.B. I shoul d avoid playing golfC. I should consider myself lucky.D. it would be a big misfortune.68What does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by "the ostrich approach" in paragraph 9?A .casual attitude towards one's health conditions.B. A new treatment for certain psychol ogical probl ems.C. Refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved.D. Unwillingness to find out about one's disease because of fear.69.What does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men?A. They may increase public expenses.B. They will save money in the long run.C. They may cause psychol ogical stress on men.D. They will enable men to live as long as women.(B)Doctors have been advising us for years to "use it or lose it": that is, to stay as intellectually active as possibl e into our waning years in order to avoid dementia. But the latest research shows that brain training comes at a price.In a study of 1,157 men and women age 65 or ol der, researchers led by Dr. Robert Wilson at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago found that people who remained intellectually stimulated —by playing cards or other games, reading or visiting museums —were diagnosed with dementia later than those who were not as cognitively active. But once dementia set in, the group who participated in mentally stimulating activities experienced a much more rapid cognitive decline. Over the 12-year study, for each additional point they gained on a measure of cognitive activity, the intellectually stimulated group experienced a 52% greater decline in cognitive impairment, after being diagnosed with dementia.“Brain activity is not stopping the und erlying neurobiol ogy of d ementia, but for a while, it seems to be effective in delaying the ad ditional appearance of symptoms," says Wilson. "But the benefit of delaying the initial symptoms comes at the cost of more rapid progression of dementia once it makes its appearance."While brain exercises can help the brain continue to function d espite the accumulating biological changes und erlying dementia and Alzheimer's, at some point, says Wilson, the scales tip — that activity can no longer compensate for the growing volume of deteriorating alterations in the brain. "At that point, the patient is pretty much at the mercy of the pathol ogy," he says. And that's why, once the symptoms of dementia become obvious, those who were able to push off their diagnosis are likely to be at a more advanced stage of disease.The findings, published Wednesday in Neurol ogy, should not discourage people from remaining cognitively active, says Dr. William Thies, chief medical officer of the Alzheimer's Association, and in fact raises interesting questions about how we as a society shoul d approach age-related brain changes. Surveys consistently show that most of us woul d prefer to remain as functionally intact as possibl e and experience a short period of physical or mental disability before d eath. Gradual cognitive decline, which is the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, is challenging for patients, their caregivers and society, as the health costs of chronic care continue to climb. But the current study suggests that more people may be able to telescope their mental d ecline into a shorter and more concentrated time period. "I think the results suggested by this paper are something that peopl e would regard as positive," he says. "And this is the sort of study we really need if we are ever going to understand how to manage all aspects of d ementia as a society."70. The word “dementia” can be best replaced by _______________________________.A. mental diseaseB. brain damageC. cognitive declineD. Biological changes71. The sentence underlined suggests that when the brain exercises can no longer compensate for the worsening alterations in the brain, __________.A. the volume of the worsening alterations in brain determines the seriousness of the diseaseB. the patient no l onger needs to d o brain exercises and has to be taken care of by the d octorsC. the d octors can only treat the patient based on his pathol ogical conditionsD. the accumulating biol ogical changes underlying dementia can’t be ignored by the patient72. According to Dr. William Thies, the findings shoul d be viewed as__________.A. discouragingB. interestingC. challengingD. positive73. What can we infer from the passage?A. Brain training is very expensive for those who want to stay cognitively active.B. The costs of taking care of an Alzheimer’s patient continue to go up.C. Those who d o brain exercises will definitely suffer from d ementia at last.D. We need more studies to understand how to manage dementia as a society.(C)The modern Olympic Games, founded in 1896,began as contests between individuals, rather than among nations , with the hope of promoting world peace through sportsmanship . In the beginning ,the games were open only to amateurs. An amateur is a person whose involvement in an activity--from sports to science or the arts--is purely for pleasure . Amateurs , whatever their contributions to a field, expect to receive no form of compensation; professional ,in contrast ,perform their work in ord er to earn a living.From the perspective of many athletes, however , the Olympic playing filed has been far from level. Restricting the Olympic to amateurs has preclud ed (排除）the participation of many who could not afford to be unpaid. Countries have always d esired to send their best athletes , not their wealthiest ones, to the Olympic Games.A sl ender and imprecise line separates what we call “financial support” from “earning money.” Do athletes “earn money” if they are reimbursed（补偿）for travel expenses? What if they are paid for time l ost at work or if they accept free clothing from a manufacturer or if they teach sports for a living? The runner Eric Lid dell was the son of poor missionaries; in 1924 the British Olympic Committee financed his trip to the Olympics, where he won a gol d and a bronze medal. Coll ege scholarships and support from the United States Olympic Committee mad e it possibl e for American track stars Jesse Owens and Wilma Rudolph and speed skater Dan Jansen to train and compete. When the Soviet Union and its allies joined the games in 1952, the definition of amateur became still muddier. Their athletes did not have to balance jobs and training because as citizens in communist regimes, their government financial support was not considered payment for jobs.In 1971 the International Olympic Committee(IOC) removed the word amateur from the rules, making it easier for athletes to find the support necessary to train and compete. In 1986 the IOC allowed professional athletes into the games.There are those who regret the disappearance of amateurism from the Olympic Games. For them the games l ost something special when they became just another way for athletes to earn money. Others say that the designation of amateurism was always questionable; theyargue that all competitors receive so much financial support as to make them paid professionals. Most agree, however, that the debate over what constitutes an“amateur”will continue for a l ong time.74. One might infer that _______________________.A. devel oping Olympic-level skills in athletes is costlyB. professional athletes are mostly interested in financial rewardsC. amateurs does not expect to earn money at the sport that is playedD. amateurs athletes have a better attitud e than professionals d o75. The statement“the playing field has been far from level”means that__________.A. the ground the athletes played on was in bad conditionB. the poorer players were given some advantagesC. the rules did not work the same way for everyoneD. amateurs were inferior to the professionals in many ways76. The financial support given to athletes by the Soviet government can best be compared to ________________.A. a gift received on a special occasion, such as a birthdayB. money received from a winning lottery ticketC. an all owance paid to a childD. Money from charity organization77. One can conclude that the Olympic Organizing Committee _________________.A. has hel d firm to its original vision of the Olympic gamesB. has struggled with the definition of amateur over the yearsC. regards itself as an organization for professional athl etes onlyD. did nothing but stop all owing communists to participateSection DDirections: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than 12 words."Severe fatigue(疲乏), very weak. I could hardly walk d own the bl ock," says Wendy Moro. Why, she wondered, then, Wendy and her d octor begin to suspect her plate. "A few times a week I was having fish, whether it was once or four times," says Wendy. "What kind of fish? Swordfish, tuna and sea bass, the highest mercury- content fish sold in the commercial market," says Dr. Jane Hightower.Mercury(汞) enters the ocean with commercial pollution. It works its way up the food chain, and apparently into some of the most popular fish on the market. Wendy's doctor, Dr. Jane Hightower, was so suspicious that she began testing her Bay Area patients. All consumed large amounts offish, and an overwhelming majority tested high for mercury in their systems."I was seeing hair loss, fatigue, muscle ache, headache, feeling just an ill feeling."Hightower said.The symptoms began to clear up when Hightower cut the amount of fish in their diets. "It was so obvious, but the problem was still unknown to the public," she said. "I even wanted to rent a tent and a tambourine."(A tambourine is a small one-sided drum with metal disks around its rim.) Her published findings drew national attention. But despite her study, there is still fierce debate over how much fish is safe to eat, and how much mercury consumers are actually eating. So we decid ed to do our own test.According to the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency), the safe l evel of mercury intake for a 120-pound woman like Wendy is a little over 38 micrograms per week. On average, a single serving of tuna purchased here in the Bay Area contained more mercury than the EPA recommends a woman of Wendy's size eat for an entire week. Sea bass had nearly twice that level, and swordfish nearly six times the EPA's safe mercury intake for a week, in a single serving.Whil e there is little scientific data on how the body reacts to high levels of mercury, it has been linked to symptoms ranging from muscle pain to hair loss, birth defects, and muscle fatigue And, as in our testing, the evidence is mounting that the larger the fish, the more the exposure.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statement in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. The popular fish on the market obtain mercury through and .82. When Dr. Hightower "wanted to rent a tent and a tambourine", she meant to .83. What did Dr. Hightower do with the information she discovered?_________________________________________________________________________84. What should people do according to the test done by the EPA?__________________________________________________________________________第II卷I. TranslationDirections :Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.务必放弃这种不切实际的想法，否则你将一事无成。

2016年上海中学东校高三12月月考卷语法填空For years and years people in USA (21) ________(say)that the railways are dead. “We can do without railways.” People say…as if motorcars and planes have made the railways unnecessary. We all keep(22) ______(hear) tha t trains are slow, that they lose money, and that they’re dying .But this is far from the truth: in these days of expensive oil, the railways have become highly competitive with motorcars and planes. If you are intending(23) ________(carry) people or goods from place to place, they are(24) _________(cheap)than planes. And they have much in common with planes. A plane goes in a straight line and (25)_________ does a railway. What is more, it takes you from the heart of a city into the heart of another. It do esn’t leave you up(26)____ a plane does, miles and miles from the city center. It doesn’t hold you up as a car does, in endless traffic jams, and a single train carry goods(27) _______no plane or a motorcar could ever do.Far from being dead, the railways are very much alive. Modern railway lines give you a smooth, less(28)_______(trouble) journey. Where else(29) ______you eat well, sleep in comfort, feel safe and enjoy the scene while you are traveling at speed at the same time? And we are only at the beginning, for we have just entered the age of super-fast trains, trains traveling(30) _______150 miles an hour and more. Soon we will be wondering why we spent so much on motorcars we can’t use because we have not enough money to buy the oil and planes we can’t fly for the same reason. Have been saying hearing to carry cheaper so as which troubledcan at易错题分析：21. 从标志词For years and years可以判断出句子的时态为现在完成进行时；25.从句子结构判断出为倒装句表“。

上海高三高中英语月考试卷班级:___________ 姓名：___________ 分数：___________一、完形填空A boy lost his arms in an accident and had to depend on his brother for almost everything. His younger brother became his 1 , never leaving him alone for years. Except for writing with his 2 , he was completely unable to do anything in his life.One night, his brother accompanied him into the 3 and went back to wait. But being so tired, his younger brother fell 4 , leaving him in the toilet for two hours. As the two brothers grew 5 , they had different opinions about many things and often 6 . His brother wanted to 7 from him to live his own life. Knowing this, he was heart-broken and didn't know what to do.A similar misfortune happened to a girl. One night her 8 , who suffered from mental illness, 9 . So her father went out looking for her mother, leaving her alone at home. She tried to 10 a meal for her parents, but only to overturn the stove, resulting in a 11 , which took her hands away.Though her elder sister, who was studying in another city, showed her 12 to help her, she made up her mind to be completely 13 . And she made it.One day, the boy and the girl were both 14 to appear on a television interview program. They both wereasked to 15 something on a piece of paper with their toes. The boy wrote: My brother's arms are my arms; while the girl wrote: Broken wings, flying hearts.【1】A．volunteer B．bodyguard C．servant D．shadow【2】A．feet B．hands C．toes D．arms【3】A．kitchen B．bedroom C．toilet D．study【4】A．asleep B．ill C．awake D．silent【5】A．older B．taller C．stronger D．healthier【6】A．fought B．talked C．quarreled D．discussed【7】A．learn B．keep C．hear D．separate【8】A．father B．mother C．brother D．sister【9】A．died B．disappeared C．cried D．failed【10】A．buy B．change C．eat D．prepare【11】A．fire B．joke C．fall D．meal【12】A．anxiety B．willingness C．contribution D．respect【13】A．relaxed B．disabled C．energetic D．independent【14】A．made B．invited C．ordered D．tricked【15】A．write B．draw C．imagine D．read二、其他One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly, he 【1】________ (find)that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son，“Go to the village and buy some salt，but pay a fair price for it: neither too much【2】________ too little.”His son looked surprised.“I can understand why I shouldn't pay too much，Father，but if I can pay less,【3】________ not save a bit of money？”“That would be a very【4】________(reason)thing to do in a big city，but it could destroy a small village like ours，”Nick said.Nick's guests,【5】________ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.Nick replied，“The only reason a man would sell salt【6】________ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.And anyone who took advantageof that situation would be showing a lack of respect【7】________ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”“But such a small thing couldn't【8】________ (possible) destroy a village.”“In the beginning, there was only【9】________ very small amount of unfairness in the world，but everyone added a little，always【10】________ (think) that it was only small and not very important，and look where we have ended up today.”三、阅读理解1.How to improve my life? Many people think that they have to accept whatever life throws at them. They'll say, "This is my fate, my destiny. I cannot change it."Of course not! You don't have to suffer needlessly. Your destiny depends on you, not on any other external factors.I know someone who says she just accepts what life gives her because she has done everything she can to improve it. Guess what her lifestyle is? She wakes up in the morning, goes to work, comes back home, relaxes, chats with people, watches TV, then goes to sleep. Next day, the same routine cycle follows.Huh! Is this what she calls "doing her best"? She believes she has tried her best and just accepts it in her heart that this is the life that God has intended for her to live; that her luck can only change if God wills it. Of course God wants us to be happy and live our life to the fullest, but we have to do our share of exerting(运用) the effort to live the life of our dreams.Remember that you reap what you sow. You just don't sit around and wait for a million dollars to fall from the sky. You have to get off the couch, get your eyes off the TV screen, get your hands off the phone. Don’t expect your luck to change unless you do something about it. If something goes wrong, don't just regard it as a temporary setback; but use it as feedback. Learn your lesson, make the most of the situation, and do something to solve the problem. It's not enough to think positively; you also have to act positively.If someone's life is in the trouble, do you just hope and pray that things will turn out fine? Of course not! You get to do anything you can to save the person. So it is with your own life. It is not enough to hope for the best, but you have to do your best. In other words, don't just stand (or sit ) there, do something to improve your life.【1】According to the woman mentioned in Para.3, her life ____________.A．Doesn't need improving B．couldn't be improvedC．will be better some day D．Will be worse in the future【2】What does the author think of the woman's life? ____________.A．positive B．satisfying C．colorful D．passive【3】Which of the following statements is the author's opinion? ___________.A．Your temporary problem is not discouraging.B．Your luck can be changed by your effortsC．You can only achieve success when God wills it.D．You should treat yourself in the way you treat friends.【4】In Para.5, the author emphasized the importance of _____________.A．positive action B．positive thinkingC．hope for the best D．intention to succeed【5】The text is mainly written to advise you to ____________.A．understand yourself B．improve your lifeC．believe in yourself D．change your normal way2.The USA is a land of immigrants. Between 1815 and 1914, the world witnessed the greatest peaceful migration in its history: 35 million people, mostly Europeans, left their homelands to start new lives in America. Why did these people risk everything by leaving their homes and families?First, what forced emigrants to make the decision to leave? One major cause for European farmers to leave was the rise in population which in turn led to land hunger. Another was politics. There was an increased taxation（税收）and the growth of armies, and many young men fled eastern Europe to avoid being forced to join the army. Physical hunger provided another pressing reason. Following the collapse （衰退）of the economy of southern Italy in the 1860s, hundreds of thousands decided to start a new life in America. Religion also encouraged millions to leave the Old World.In short, people chose to leave their homes for social, economic and religious reasons. As a result, by 1890 among a total population of 63 million, there were more than nine million foreign-born Americans.But what were the attractions? First of all, there was the promise of land which was so scarce in Europe. Next, factories were calling for workers, and pay conditions were much better than back home. Men were needed to open up the West and build the long railroads, and new towns needed settlers to live in and to develop business. There was the space for religious people to practice their faith in peace.This immigration meant that by around the 1850s Americans of non-English had started to be more than those of English. As we know, there were losers. To start with, there were those unwilling immigrants, the slaves who had been used as a source of cheap labour. Nor should we forget the equally unlucky American Indians. By 1860 there were 27 million free whites, four million slaves and a mere 488,000 free blacks.Nowadays, the USA is still seen by millions as the Promised Land. As always, it remains an attractive place to those who think it will offer them a second chance.【1】What is not the cause for people to leave their homeland?A．The search for religious freedom.B．The search for adventure.C．Unwillingness to join the army.D．Economics.【2】Why was life of the 19th Century European farmers difficult?A．There was no land.B．There was no peace.C．The population had gone down.D．There were too many of them.【3】 Which of the following was not an attraction of the USA?A．Employment B．A healthy lifeC．freedom of religion D．Business opportunities【4】 What is the topic of this passage?A．The USA is still seen by millions as the Promised Land.B．The USA is a land of immigrants.C．Religion encouraged millions to leave the Old World.D．About one-eighth of non-native born Americans live in the USA in 1890.【5】 The American Indians __________.A．were as fortunate as the slavesB．were more unfortunate than the slavesC．were the most unfortunateD．were as unfortunate as the slaves3.As a boy growing up in India, I had longed to travel abroad. I used to listen to the stories my father would tell me about his stay in Canada and tours to Europe in the 1970s, with great interest.My big moment finally came in the summer of 1998 when I was able to accompany my parents to Europe, where my father was to attend a meeting. We planned to travel to Belgium, Netherlands and West Germany.I have clear memories even today of going to Mumbai airport at night all excited about finally going abroad. I had heard several great things about Lufthansa till then but now I finally got to experience them first hand, during the flight to Frankfurt. We flew business class and even today I can remember the excellent service by the Lufthansa crew （工作人员）. The flight was really smooth and thoroughly enjoyable, even for someone like me, who is especially afraid of flying.After spending almost two weeks in Europe, we took the Lufthansa airport express from Dusseldorf to Frankfurt airport, for our return flight. What a journey that was! All along the Rhine (莱茵河), it was simply an unforgettable experience. I had a sombre feeling on the flight back to Mumbai as it marked the end of a wonderful vacation, but the Lufthansa crew members were able to change it into a most enjoyable experience yet again, with the quality of their service.Being the first airline to take me abroad, Lufthansa will always hold a special place in my heart. Even today，I continue to enjoy flights on Lufthansa and simply cannot dream of choosing any other airline. Flying, in general，for me，has always been a terrible and painful experience．Flying on Lufthansa，however, is something I always have and always will look forward to.【1】Which country does the author live in now? ________.A．India.B．Canada.C．Belgium.D．Germany.【2】What made the author so interested in traveling abroad? ________.A．Growing up in India.B．Once staying in Canada.C．Once traveling to Canada with his father.D．His father's stories about his traveling experiences.【3】Which of the following is true about the author's trip to Europe in 1998? _________.A．The author traveled with one of his parents.B．Both their going and return were by air.C．They traveled in spring that year.D．They stayed in Europe for nearly two months.【4】It can be inferred from the passage that Lufthansa is ________.A．a city in India B．a city in EuropeC．an airline company D．a travel agency【5】he underlined word “sombe r” in the 4th paragraph probably means “________”.A．happy B．sad C．angry D．enjoyable4.Cutting global warming pollution would not only make the planet healthier, it would make people healthier too, new research suggested.Cutting carbon dioxide emissions could save millions of lives, mostly by reducing preventable deaths from heart and lung diseases, according to studies released Wednesday and published in a special issue of The Lancet, a British medical journal."Relying on fossil fuels leads to unhealthy lifestyles, increasing our chances of getting sick and in some cases takes years from our lives," US Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius said in a telecast briefing from her home state of Kansas. "As greenhouse gas emissions go down, so do deaths from cardiovascular（心血管） and respiratory（呼吸道） diseases. This is not a small effect."Instead of looking at the health ills caused by future global warming, as past studies have done, this research looks at the immediate benefits of doing something about the problem, said Linda Birnbaum, director of the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.Some possible benefits seemed highly speculative, the researchers conceded, based on people driving less and walking and cycling more. Other proposals studied were more concrete and achievable, such as reducing cook stoves that burn dung（粪便）, charcoal and other polluting fuels in the developing world.And cutting carbon dioxide emissions also makes the air cleaner, reducing lung damage for millions of people, doctors said."Here are ways you can attack major health problems at the same time as dealing with climate change," said lead author Dr. Paul Wilkinson, an environmental epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.Wilkinson said the individual studies came up with numbers of premature deaths prevented or extra years of life added for certain places.For example, switching to low-polluting cars in London and Delhi, India, would save 160 lost years of life in London and nearly 1,700 in Delhi for every million residents, one study found. But if people also drove less and walked or biked more, those extra saved years would soar to more than 7,300 years in London and 12,500 years in Delhi because of less heart disease.【1】What does the passage mainly talk about? _______.A．How can people live longer?B．Cutting carbon dioxide emissions saves lives.C．Global warming threatens people’s lives.D．People should stop relying on fossil fuels.【2】The new research differs from past studies in that _______.A．it focuses on the immediate benefits of cutting carbon dioxide emissionsB．it studies the bad effects arising from future global warmingC．it is believed by more peopleD．it mainly targets at developing countries【3】According to Kathleen Sebelius, _______.A．sometimes it takes years to see the bad effects caused by consuming fossil fuelsB．without greenhouse gas emissions, people would not die of cardiovascular and respiratory diseasesC．the main reason why people get sick is that they rely on fossil fuelsD．deaths from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases are closely related to greenhouse gas emissions【4】 Which of the following is the most practical way to cut carbon dioxide emissions according to the passage? _________.A．Driving lessB．Walking and cycling as much as possible.C．Stopping using fossil fuelsD．Reducing the use of polluting fuels to cook.【5】It can be inferred from the passage that _____.A．London and Delhi have already benefited from reducing greenhouse gas emissionsB．switching to low-polluting cars would save 160 lives in London each yearC．walking and biking instead of driving will reduce the chance of heart diseaseD．attacking health problems and dealing with climate change are contradictory四、阅读填空请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。

高三年级英语上学期月测题高三英语上学期月考试题参考第一部分听力共两节，满分30分做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What time is it in New York?A. It’s 5:00 pm.B. It’s 7:00 pm.C. It’s 10:00 pm.2. What do we know about the man?A. He dialed the wrong number.B. He was looking for Philips.C. He invited the woman to have ice cream.3. What does the man think is important?A. To be unexpected.B. To enjoy every song.C. To get what you expect.4. What may lead to the man finding no job?A. His age.B. His living address.C. His email address.5. Why isn’t the man’s brother bringing Jennifer to the party?A. They are divorced now.B. They live very far away.C. Jennifer brokeher leg.第二节共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

2016年上海中学东校高三12月月考卷语法填空For years and years people in USA (21) ________(say)that the railways are dead. “We can do without railways.” People say…as if motorcars and planes have made the railways unnecessary. We all keep(22) ______(hear) that trains are slow, that they lose money, and that they’re dying .But this is far from the truth: in these days of expensive oil, the railways have become highly competitive with motorcars and planes. If you are intending(23) ________(carry) people or goods from place to place, they are(24) _________(cheap)than planes. And they have much in common with planes. A plane goes in a straight line and (25)_________ does a railway. What is more, it takes you fro m the heart of a city into the heart of another. It doesn’t leave you up(26)____ a plane does, miles and miles from the city center. It doesn’t hold you up as a car does, in endless traffic jams, and a single train carry goods(27) _______no plane or a motorcar could ever do.Far from being dead, the railways are very much alive. Modern railway lines give you a smooth, less(28)_______(trouble) journey. Where else(29) ______you eat well, sleep in comfort, feel safe and enjoy the scene while you are traveling at speed at the same time? And we are only at the beginning, for we have just entered the age of super-fast trains, trains traveling(30) _______150 miles an hour and more. Soon we will be wondering why we spent so much on motorcars we can’t use because we have not enough money to buy the oil and planes we can’t fly for the same reason.十一选十Being overweight in middle-age makes the brain (31)________by 10 years, research by theUniversity of Cambridge has found.The study, which(32) ________473 brains, found changes in the brain structure of overweight people which are(33)________ seen in those far older.The volume of white matter - the tissue that connects areas of the brain and allows information to be communicated between regions - (34)__________far more in those with a Body Mass Index above 25. Shrinkage of parts of the brain is associated with a higher risk of cognitive (35)_________and dementia.The Cambridge Study found no differences in cognitive skills when participants underwent IQ tests. But the men and women will be scanned as they get older, to check for changes which indicate mental decline.Human brains naturally shrink with age, but scientists are increasingly recognising that obesity - already linked to conditions such as diabetes, cancer and heart disease - may also affect the onset and(36) ________of brain ageing.In the study of people aged between 20 and 87, researchers looked at the(37) ________of obesity on brain structure across the adult lifespan.Researchers divided the groups into two categories: (38)_________and overweight, depending on whether their BMI was above or below 25. They found(39) ________differences in the volume of white matter. Overweight individuals had a widespread reduction in white matter compared with lean people.The team then calculated how white matter volume related to age across the two groups. They discovered that an overweight person at 50 had a(40) _________white matter volume to a lean person aged 60.Researchers only observed these differences from middle-age onwards, suggesting that brains may be particularly vulnerable during this period of ageing.完型Language is hard. In fact, it’s infinitely harder and more complicated than math. And yet, nearly every small child can learn and master language.Why is math so overwhelming for so many students? And how high is the price we pay fromhaving so many math- (41) _______ or even math-illiterate people in our society? Too high, especially as the ability to grasp data and pursue advanced work that involves math is becoming increasingly(42) _________ for both citizens and job applicants.But how many of us feel incapable, rather than poorly taught, when we are confronted with the rigors of math? How many children who struggled to grasp math concepts, who lacked the necessary tool kit, were led to feel stupid, even demeaned?Compare it to spoken or written language. When you make a mistake, a teacher corrects the part that is wrong. And then you(43) _______. With math, if you don’t have the correct r esult, it is typically treated as wrong. And, as mistake after mistake(44) __________, too many students simply give up: I can’t do math.But math is not about intelligence. It’s a language that too many people never learn, often because the education process(45)________ the number of ways that a given person can arrive at a given solution.That’s not a failure of children to learn. That’s a failure of (46)________. It’s a failure of the school. We should not blame the student. (These are children, after all.)Part of the challenge is to identify the gaps in knowledge, to (47)________ that the challenge is not that a student simply doesn’t understand algebra or trigonometry or whatever. There may be a particular basic concept that stands(48)________of going forward in math, as well as other fields such as social science or engineering.Overcoming this block requires moving beyond broad industrialized education and to, (49)_________ learning that allows students to find their own way in. Show me a thousand students and I’ll show you a thousand (50)_______ pathways that they might take to achieve math success.With new digital technologies and a massive amount of data collection and analytics, we have the ability to help students identify the essential c oncepts they don’t understand. We have data on all the students that solved a particular math problem and those that failed to solve it. We also have data on the problems they were able to solve prior to that.So as a student recognizes that they are(51)______ with, say, negative number concepts, they can go back and master the material—to fill in the gaps that allows them to go forward. And whenthey hit another tough spot? They can jump to the problems that allow them to master that concept. The hope is that as they progress, their interest and enthusiasm(52) ________.We are pursuing this approach at the university level. We also are seeking to incorporate this approach at the high school, middle school and elementary levels. This will make it possible for a growing number of students to pursue degrees and careers that they never thought.In the years ahead, that mindset, borne out of the failure of math instruction, should(53)_________. If we can succeed at breaking down the (54)________ that t here’s something wrong with a 3rd grader who cannot learn math—rather than something wrong with the teaching process—then we can look forward to new generations of math-literate citizens. Whatever career they choose, they will be more confident and more capable to understand and contribute to an increasingly complex, (55)_______ driven world.41. A. packed B. convinced C. controlled D. terrified42. A. strong B. huge C. important D. desirable43. A. proceed B. pause C. protest D. preview44. A. comes up B. covers up C. makes up D. builds up45. A. calculates B. misses C. estimates D. analyzes46. A. teaching B. communicating C. experimenting D. understanding47. A. interpret B. address C. clarify D. advocate48. A. in the process B. in the center C. in the stage D. in the way49. A. modernized B. revolutionized C. personalized D. commercialized50. A. different B. unique C. effective D. efficient51. A. going B. doing C. struggling D. concerning52. A. declines B. persists C. arouses D. increases53. A. inspired B. eliminated C. established D. challenged54. A. prediction B. assumption C. truth D. theory55. A. data B. power C. energy D. digit阅读理解B篇1.Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be more dirty than their gasoline-powered cousins.People in California love to talk about “zero-emissions（排放）vehicles”, but people in California seem to be clueless about 2.where electricity comes from. Power plants most all use fire to make it. Apart from the few people who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get our electricity from generators（发电机）. Generators are fueled by something--usually coal, oil, but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants. There are a few wind farms and geothermal（地热）plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.In other words, those "zero-emissions" cars are likely coal-burning cars. Because the coal is burned somewhere else, it looks clean. It is not true. It's as if the California Greens are covering their eyes—“If I can't see it, it's not happening.” Gasoline is an incredibly efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it. But when you take that gas（or another fuel）and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heat--at the generator, through the transmission lines, etc.A gallon of gas may drive your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far -- so electric cars burn more fuel than gasoline-powered ones. If our electricity came mostly from wind or geothermal, or solar, then an electric car truly would be clean. But for political, technical, and economic reasons, we don't use much of those energy sources.3.In addition, electric cars' batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill. And finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across all the roads. When it's a power plant, though，all the junk is in one place. Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot.59.What’s the main idea of the passages?A．Electric cars aren’t actually clean.B．Electric cars are zero-emissions vehicles.C．Zero-emissions vehicles are popular.D．Gasoline-powered cars are more efficient.60.Which of the following words can replace “be clueless about” in Paragraph 2?A．Be familiar with．B．Be curious about．C．Fail to understand．D．Show their interest in．61.In the author’s opinion, compared with cars using gas, electric cars are more __________.A．environmentally-friendly B．expensiveC．efficient D．harmful62.It can be inferred from the passage that __________.A．electric cars' batteries are poisonous for a long timeB．now electric cars are used more than their gasoline-powered cousinsC．zero-emissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environmentD．electric cars are not clean in that we get electricity mainly by burning something六选四EmpathyLast year, researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy, the ability to understand other people, among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years. 对于研究的结果，研究者接下来是对他的解释，重点是B答案中的face time/ screen time 可以推断出是人们产生共鸣变少的原因，所以答案为B(67)_______Today, people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs.Jennifer Freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation. Turn on the TV, and you're showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating one another with no respect. (68)________There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples. Humans are socially related by nature. Having relationships with other people is an important part of being human-and having empathy is decisive to those relationships.Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety,and fear.Empathy is also an indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. (69)_____ "Academics are important. But if you don't have emotional (情感的) intelligence, you won't be as successful in work or in your love life," she says. What's the best way to up your EQ (情商)? For starters, let down your guard and really listen to others. (70)____A. Good social skills-including empathy-are a kind of "emotional intelligence" that will help you succeed in many areas of life.B. That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time, the researchers said.C. "One doesn't develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking," Freed says.D. Humans learn by example-and most of the examples on it are anything but empathetic.E. Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone else-both what they think and how they feel.F. Everyone is different, and levels of empathy differ from person to person.翻译1.这款冰淇淋大受欢迎，在很多店都能买到。

上册高三级英语月考试卷带答案像英语如果大家不会的话可以就是做一下题目，今天小编就给大家来分享一下高三英语，大家学习哦高三英语月考试卷带答案第一部分听力第一节听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What are the speakers .talking about?A.Driving.B.The Internet.C.Their jobs.2.Where are the speakers probably now?A.In a restaurant.B.In an office.C.In a clothes shop.3.What is the man's favorite activity in the evening?A.Reading a book.B.Listening to programs.C.Watching TV.4.Why does the woman dislike waiting in line?A.Because of few tickets available.B.Because of the hot weather.C.Because of too many people.5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Teacher and student.B.Employer and employee.C.Father and son.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

2017年上海高三十四校联考英语试卷听力部分（略）Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below , fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct . For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks , use one word that best fits each blanks.Highly gifted children benefit from explanation as much as their peers Schools tend to assume that highly gifted children can manage by themselves and that they do not need any extra support . As a result , they sometimes seem (21)_______(forget) . Psychologist Bar V ogelaar conducted a research and discovered that a high gift does not mean (22) _______(perform) to the children’s maximum capacity . He finds out that this grou p too benefit from training and explanation and that strangely enough , the benefits are the same (23) ________both groups.In his research , V ogelaa made use of dynamic tests (动态测试)，(24) _______ ________children received training and their progress was measured afterwards to give a better image of their learning capabilities , 522 children aged between five and ten years ----173 highly gifted and 349 averagely gifted -----took part in (25)______ was so-called learning potential test ; The children (26)_________(assign) to solve analogical reasoning （类推）tasks. Three boxes were filled with figures that changed from one box to the next according to a particular rule, for example , in size or in position . The children had to use analogical reasoning to draw (27)_______figure in the last box.Afterwards , the children were given a training ,(28)________(follow) by a further set of tasks as a post-assessment. V ogelaar:” This kind of test gives a better insight into how well children learn because we are able to measure (29)_______ __________ how much they progress on a new task , but also how much and what kind of help they need to achieve this progress.”The test showed that all groups of children made progress , from the starting to the post-measuremen t , with major individual difference . “ it confirms that talented (30)_______ many children are , they benefit from teachers’ help to a great extent , and that they don’t always show their full potential in test.” V ogelaar concludes.21. to be forgotten 22. performing 23. for 24. in which 25. what 26. were assigned 27. the 28. followed 29. not only 30. as/thoughSection BDirections : Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once, Note that there is one word more than you needA . strategy B. committing C. shifts D. well-being E. coinedF. prioritizingposedH. valued I . access J. uncertaintyK. reductionWork-life balanceWorklife-balance is a state charactered by a high level of satisfaction, functionality , and effectiveness while successfully performing several tasks all together. The non-work activity is not only limited to family life but to various occupations and activities of which one’s life is ___31______. Studies suggest the existence of cell phones and other internet based devices enables _____32____to work related issues in non-working periods , thus ,adding more hours and work load. A relative decrease in the time spent working nonstandard ______33__has been proven to have significant negative effects on family and personal life. The immediate effect is a decrease in general _____34_____as the individual is unable to properly assign appropriate amount of time necessary to maintain a balance. Therefore , extensive research has been done on properly managing time as a main ____35___ of managing stress.The condition where work performance is negatively affected by high-level stress is termed burnout , in which the employee experience a significant ___36_____in motivation . According to Vroom’s Expectancy Theory , when the outcome of work performance are offset （抵消）by the negative impacts on the individual ‘s general well-being , or , are not __37______enough by the employer, levels of motivation are low. Time management , ____38____ certain tasks and actions according to one’s values and beliefs , is among the suggested courses of action for managing stress and maintaining a healthy work-life balance . The reality of constant increase in competition and economic ___39_____ frequently forces the employee to keep the balance for the sake of financial and job security . Therefore , work-life balance policies are __40_____ by many businesses and dealt by line managers and supervisors , rather than at the organiza tional level as the employee’s well being can be more carefully observed and monitored.Section BDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrase marked A, B, C,D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In commerce ,customer experience is measured during all points of contact against the individual’s expectations over the duration of their relationship with a company . Customers __41____direct or indirect contact with a company. Direct contact usually occurs when the ____42___ or use is initiated by the customer . Indirect contact often involves advertising ,news reports , unplanned __43_____ with sales representatives ,word-of-mouth recommendations or criticisms . Customer experience is created by the contribution of not only the customers’ ___44____ but also the company providing the experience.The development of a positive customer experience is important as it increases the chances of a customer to make continued purchase and develops brand loyalty . Brand loyalty can turn customers into _____45__ , resulting in a long term relationship . Nevertheless , males and females respond to the same brand differently . ____46___if female consumers are the target market , an app advert focused on the emotion of the product will provide an effective customer experience.In this present day it requires more than just low prices and innovative products to ___47____ the competitiveness of the retail （零售）business. Customer experience has emerged as a vital strategy for all retail business that are facing competition. When a customer is undertaking the experience , it is seen as personal and unique. It is through the ____48___of goods and services that customers create a memorable experience they will never forget.On the whole , one of the most efficient ways to develop customer experience is concerned with the ___49____. Today , retail stores tend to exist in shopping areas such as malls or shopping districts. Very few operate in area alone. Therefore , a shopping centre’s reputation that a store is located in will affect a customer’s experience . If the location is ___50____with historical richness, it can provide an opportunity for the town centre and local business to connect at deeper level with their customers. So it is suggested that town centre management and retail outlets should work ___51____ to develop an effective customer experience.Another effective ways of improving the customer’s experience is by actively engaging a customer with an activity . Customers are able to recall active , hands-on experience much more effectively and accurately than ____52___ activities . Of course , while active hands-on experiences can greatly develop value creation, it can produce value____53____ . Only by u nderstanding what causes satisfaction or dissatisfaction of a customer’s experience, can management appropriately ___54_____changes within their approach.Anyway , what the company needs to do is some change in the vision, evaluation and , above all ,the ____55___ with customers . Customers experience can only be changed when it becomes a business’s top priority.41. A. take up B. enter for C. respond to D. act upon42. A. purchase B. opponent C. benefit D. emotion43. A. discounts B. encounters C. account D. discussions44. A. predictions B. memories C. virtues D. value45. A. objectives B. advocate C. miracles D. symbols46. A. For example B. In addition C. In contrast D. In all47. A. highlight B. seek C. judge D. survive48. A. variety B. feedback C. stimulation D. security49. A. environment B. opportunity C. poverty D. service50. A. satisfied B. bound C. owned D. compared51. A. independently B. fiercely C. cooperatively D. reductantly52. A. extensive B. negative C. persuasive D. passive53. A. destruction B. image C. alert D. definition54. A. reform B. implement C. drain D. bridge55. A. discipline B. satisfaction C. overlook D. interactionSection BDirections:Read the following three passage . Each passage is followed by several questions . For each of them there are four choices marked A,B, C, and D. Choose the best answer that best fits according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)For anyone who thinks of themselves as a leader—or an effective manager of their career—accepting a degree of fear when faced with high-stakes decisions may be necessary. Therese Huston, author of a new book about decision-making, urges those who suffer to enjoy it. Tell yourself this isn’t anxiety, this is excitement, she says. Research shows that facing these workplace difficulties with relish（享受）is better than trying to be calm. Forcing yourself to think about a high-pressure situation as an exciting challenge enables you to screen out the negative judgments of others and focus.If you’re not seeing threats everywhere, then you’ll make better decisions, says Ms Huston, a cognitive psychologist who advises companies on how to improve heir decision-making. In How Women Decide, which contains advice for everyone, she draws on research from Alison Wood Brooks of Harvard Business School, who found that trying to calm down can be counterproductive. Studying performance anxiety, Ms Wood Brooks discovered that reassessing stress as excitement can boost results. And the stress brought on by a dilemma needs to be tackled, for the sake of making good and balanced decisions.Ms Huston recommends exploring other options when facing a choice, rather than obsessing about a yes versus no—a binary choice with risks attached piles on the pressure. You should pause and introduce another alternative. Therefore, as to such questions as ‘Should I take this job or not?’, ‘or stay where I am but ask for a new role?’ Ms Huston maintains that decisions based on a simple two-way choice turned out to be more problematic half of the time.Considering more than two options resulted in a more positive verdict（评判）on the decision a year or so later. Ms Huston advises practising the art of generating more than one option in everyday choices when you are calm and relaxed. Make it a habit, she suggests,because when you are stressed, you usually want to move quickly from ‘What am I going to do?’ to ‘At least I’m doing something’.56. Ms Huston believes that ________________.A. accepting fear to some extent is necessary when leaders are making decisionsB. keeping cool is better than feeling anxious when making decisionsC. negative judgments are helpful when leaders are making decisionsD. reassessing stress as excitement can boost results57. In paragraph 1, the underlined phrase “screen out” probably means ____________.A. acceptB. reflectC. eliminateD. broadcast58. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. Suppose you believe threats are everywhere, you’ll make better decisions.B. It’s better to remain calm down whe n you are faced with obstacles.C. Facing a choice, you should stick to “yes” or “no” questions.D. It’s advised to avoid a simple two-way choice when making decisions.59. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?A. Threats are everywhere.B. Stay calm when making decisions.C. Enjoy it when facing high pressure.D. Make it a rule to consider more than two options.B60. If you suffer from insomnia _________________.A. midday shut-eye may be helpfulB. a short afternoon nap is probably a good thingC. napping during the day is considered a good habitD. a little bit of a power nap decreases your night time sleep desire61. A quick nap can be beneficial for common people except those ______________.A. who have a problem falling into sleep at nightB. whose memory is not good enoughC. who suffer from shift-work syndromeD. whose blood pressure is too high62. It can be inferred from the passage that _____________.A. naps are helpful for those who have obstructive sleep apneaB. more oxygen through your nose might improve sleep qualityC. a 45-minute daytime nap can be beneficial for those with insomniaD. a quick nap can pull everyone through a sleep-deprived day(C)Human activities are largely responsible for climate change, which is already having an observable effect on our planet. Particularly emissions from the burning of fossil fuels such as oil and gas have led to an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Key indicators of climate change-including rising average temperatures, melting glaciers, and rising sea levels-are expected to have devastating consequences for humans and environments. Tackling the challenge posed by climate change will require a coordinated and global effort.Acknowledging that climate change is a common concern of humankind, delegations from 195 states successfully negotiated a new and binding international agreement to protect the global climate at the 21st Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change（UNFCCC）held in Paris in December 2015, The successful adoption of the Paris Agreement was also due to the hard work of a host of non-state actors, including NGOs and research institutions working to address the challenges of climate change.With the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol due to expire in 2012, governments agreed to begin negotiations on an emissions reductions treaty for the post-Kyoto era at the 2007 Conference of Parties（COP）in Bali. In line with the agreement reached by the parties to the UNFCCC at the 2011 COP in Durban to negotiate a new climate protection treaty, this process was concluded successfully with the adoption of Paris Agreement in late 2015.One of the key innovations of the Paris Agreement is the adoption of a clearly defined target to limit global warming. The signatory states have agreed to limit the rise in global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels. In order to achieve this, the agreement requires parties to prepare, communicate and maintain so-called“Nationally Determined Contributions”（NDCs）that they intend to achieve. These national commitments represent a further departure from the model of Kyoto Protocol.The Paris Agreement does not include any language on precisely what states should include in these commitments. While the emissions reduction targets specified for each country under the terms of the Kyoto Protocol were the outcome of multilateral negotiations, under the Paris Agreement states are invited to determine their national contributions as they see fit. The NDCs submitted so far under the Paris Agreement will not be sufficient to keep global warming below the two degree target. However, the agreement also requires that states review the implementation of their NDCs and update their pledges every five years. The first evaluation of the implementation of the Paris Agreement is scheduled for 2023.63. Which of the following is not the result of greenhouse effect?A. Average temperature risesB. Glaciers meltC. Human beings burn fossil fuelsD. Sea levels rise64. In what aspect is Paris Agreement different from Kyoto Protocol?A. National contributions are not stated clearly in Paris AgreementB. Kyoto Protocol were the outcome of multilateral negotiationsC. Paris Agreement acknowledges and climate change is a common concern ofhumankindD. Specified targets each state should achieve are not included in Paris Agreement65. It can be concluded from the passage that ___________.A. Kyoto Protocol is still working nowB. With Paris Agreement, human beings needn’t worry about climate change anymoreC. Paris Agreement will probably not achieve the goal of keeping global warming below 2°CD. National commitments in Paris Agreement agree with the model of the Kyoto Protocol66. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. The Cause of Climate ChangeB. The Paris Agreement and Global Climate PolicyC. Kyoto Protocol Replaces the Paris AgreementD. The outcome of Paris AgreementSection CDirections : Complete the following passage by using the sentences listed below. EachSex difference in sports interest: What does evolution say?Sports are enormously popular, and one striking pattern is that boys and men are typically much more involved than are girls and women. This sex difference has policy implications, and it raises fundamental questions about the mature of sex differences. A recent review article by Deaner, Balish, and Lombardo（2016）, published in Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences, analyzes the relevant theoretical work.First, the authors demonstrated that females’ under-representation in sport—both as participants and spectators—generally reflects their lesser sports interest, not merely fewer opportunities for involvement. Moreover, this sex difference occurs in all societies described thus far, from hunters and gatherers to large contemporary societies. ______（67）____________.Next, the authors explored adaptive, functional hypotheses（猜想）for sports. One hypothesis holds that individual compete in sports to gain status and that non-participants monitor sports performances so they can evaluate potential competitors and allies（同盟）.______（68）_______. Another hypothesis is that sports serve as courtship displays that advertise participant quality to the opposite sex. This hypothesis effectively explain some a spects of female’s sports interest.____（69）____. Although it is often assumed that socialization practices entirely cause thissex difference, the evidence that socialization plays a role remains doubtful. In particular, no systematic historical comparison has ever shown a decrease in the sex difference. Moreover, several studies indicate that inborn hormones contribute to males’ greater sports interest.The points from this review are that the sex difference in sports interest is widespread, partly due to evolutionary pressures that differentially affected males and females, and unlikely to be fully overturned by socialization. ______（70）______, Most notably, Title IX is a U.S. law that prohibits sexual discrimination in educational opportunities , including sports and Title IX is generally implemented under the assumption that females’ sports interest is inherently equal to that of males. The present research indicates that this implementation may require revision.Section DDirections : Read the following passage , Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words . Use your own words as far as possible.Could goats become our new best friends?In a new paper in the journal Biology letters, researchers from QMUL’s School of Biological and Chemical Sciences found that goats respond to people by gazing at them when facing a problem they cannot solve alone, and their responses change depending on the person’s behaviour.To investigate, the team trained goats to remove a lid from a box to receive a reward. They made the reward inaccessible and recorded their reaction. In the test, the goats redirected their gaze frequently between the inaccessible reward and human experimenters. They also gazed towards a forward facing person earlier, more often and for longer compared to when the person was facing away.The results provide strong evidence for complex communication between humans and goats, which were domesticated primarily for agricultural production, and show similarities with animals bred to become pets or working animals, such as dogs and horses.The research indicates that the domestication of animals has a much broader impact on our knowledge about human-animal relationship than previously believed. For example, it’s thought that the capacity of dogs to be aware of information from humans is the result of changes to the brain from becoming a companion animal through domestication.“Goats were the first livestock（家畜）species to be domesticated, about 10,000 years ago,” said lead author Dr Alan McElligott from the School’s Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology.“From our research, we know that many domesticated animals, for agricultural production are smarter than their reputation suggests, and these results show how they can communicate and interact with their human handlers just as pets or working animals.”The researchers hope the study will lead to a better understanding of how skilled livestock are in their ability to solve problems and interact with humans. They also wish that an improvement in animal welfare would be reached ultimately.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English , using the words given in the blanks.72. 店主在卖这台空气净化机时向你开价多少？（charge）73. 参加社区服务对于提高青少年的综合能力有好处。

2017届高三十二校英语联考试卷第I卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1. A. He thought it was fascinating. B. He agreed with the woman.C. He thought it should have been longer.D. He thought it was boring.2. A. There is still time to finish. B. She cannot do it quickly.C. He needs the letters tomorrow.D. He doesn’t know what time it is.3. A. She lives far away. B. She wants the man to walk with her.C. She has a new car.D. Her car is close.4. A. See the manager immediately. B. Wait for the manager to arrive.C. Arrange to meet the manager the next day.D. Break her appointment with the manager.5. A. She likes some of them. B. She isn’t sure what she thinks about them.C. She agrees with the man’s opinio n of them.D. She hasn’t read any of them.6. A. Tell him the time. B. Take care of his bag.C. Help him find his books.D. Go with him.7. A. Doctor and patient. B. Coach and athlete.C. Boss and secretary.D. Teacher and student.8. A. Chemistry 402 was worse than Chemistry 502.B. He has only had one chemistry course.C. Both chemistry courses are difficult.D. Few chemistry courses are hard.9. A. She doesn’t have an apartment. B. Her problem is complicated.C. She must live somewhere else.D. Her apartment isn’t far away.10. A. The man should watch the program too. B. The man should leave the television on.C. The program will be over soon.D. She’ll watch television later.Section BQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It gets its water from the ocean. B. It is a little saltier than the ocean.C. It is far from the ocean.D. It is larger than any state.12. A. The lake is too deep. B. The speaker was too heavy.C. The water held up the speaker.D. The speaker’s eyes hurt.13. A. Interesting B. Painful. C. Useful. D. Surprising.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following report.14. A. Her mother doesn’t love her as much as her grandfather did.B. Her mother was the subject of talks with her grandfather.C. Her mother will misunderstand her problems.D. She missed her grandfather.15. A. Co-workers cannot be your close friends.B. People will be pleased if you call them at 2:00 am.C. You can’t discuss your problems with a distant family.D. The one you can call at 2:00 am. is someone close to you in spirit.16. A. Parents should understand their kids.B. The earth is an inhabited garden if you have close friends.C. There are many ways to make friends.D. There is difference between a lonely desert and inhabited garden.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following report.17. A. Because he is too foolish.B. Because he hasn’t put much time on study.C. Because he doesn’t think study performance is important.D. Because the subjects are difficult.18. A. 1 hour. B. 2 hours. C. 3 hours. D. 4 hours19. A. Soccer practice. B. V olunteering.C. Part-time job.D. Watching TV.20. A. Soccer practice. D. Volunteering.C. Part-time job.D. Studying.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.how to find Happiness without Buying it ?Our materialistic society has led us to believe that happiness cannot obtained without having money .Rather than learning to be satisfied with what we have ,we are taught to want more . We learn from advertising , and from the media , ____21____ we need to buy some toys in order to make ourselves happy , or ______22_____(fulfill ) emotional needs , and that the purchase they are trying to talk us into will provide us with the psychological comfort we are looking ____23_______.Unfortunately , as a society we have bought into these _______24____ (misguide) messages and have come to believe that spending money on certain items ____25________(bring ) us fame ,fortune ,happiness , beauty ,or popularity . As a result , we trade hours of our lives working ,sacrificing time that _______26_____ have been spent with our families ,for the pursuit of the almighty (万能的) dollar.Actually ,there are a number of ways to enjoy life without the need for a great deal of money . For example , think about __27_______ you would spend your time , and what you would do for enjoyment . Change your focus form material possessions to ____28_____that bring you enjoyment ,such as spending quality time with your family and friends. Certainly ,it is important to work and earn enough to provide for our basic needs and the needs of our families , but it is important to recognize ______29_____ the desire for personal possessions becomes overly consuming , _____30_______otherwise will upset a balance between a satisfying work life and a rich home life. The best way to achieve such a balance is to ensure the drive for material possessions does not become all consuming.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A access B. anxious C . concentrate D. negatively E. permittedF. previousG. satisfactionH.sufferI. touchJ. objectivelyK. vitalToo much time spent on your cell phone doesn’t mean you’re more connected and happier.A new research from scientist at Ken State University in Kent , Ohio shows that the more time college students spend on their cell phones , the more ______41_____ they are and the more their academic performance will ____42______.Jacob Barkley , Aryn Karpinsiki and Andrew Lepp studied 500 Kent State University students , each of whom reported their daily cell phone use for the year as well as their level of anxiety and ______43_____with their life.At the end of the year , the students also _____44_____ the researchers to see their official school records for their whole grade point average (GPA) . Not only was greater cell phone use ______45________related to satisfaction and happiness indicators , it was also associated with lower GPAs------ mainly because the students were more anxious and unable to __46______on their studies.While _______47_____research found that cell phones can improve social ineractions and reduce feelings of isolation ,the latest findings ,published in the journal Computers in Human Behavior , suggest that constant ______48____ to information and people may be a double edged-sword（双刃剑）。

上海市2017届高三英语12月考试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following passage. For some blanks, there is a word given in the brackets. Fill in each of these blanks with the proper form of the given word. Fill in the other blanks with words that are correct in structure and proper in meaning.(A)Mr. Briggs got a job 25 an insurance pany(保险公司)after he left school and went around visiting people in their homes 26 (sell) them life insurance.One day, after he 27 (work) for the pany for about a year, the insurance manager sent for him and said, “Mr. Briggs, I have been looking 28 your record as a salesman with our pany, and there is one thing 29 surprises me about it. Why have you been selling insurance only to people over 95 years old, and why have you been giving them such generous conditions? You’ll ruin our pany 30 you go on like that. ”“Oh, no, sir,” answered Mr. Briggs at once, “Before I started work, I looked at the figures(数字) for deaths in this country 31 the past ten years, 32 I can tell you thatfew people die at the age of 95. ”(B)He is the man who for many people has been a role model. Now your __33__ (big) hero deserves a special day when you canexpress your thanks and let him know how important he is to you.The third Sunday of June, ___34__ falls on June 19 this year, is Father’s Day.The idea of Father’s Day came from ___35___ American woman called Sonora Smart Dodd in 1909. Dodd wanted a special day ____36____( honor) her father. He raised six children by ___37_ after his wife died. Dodd thought there needed to be a day to honor loving dads.The first Father’s Day ___38____(celebrate) on June 19, 1910. In 1924, US President Calvin Coolidge supported the idea of a _____39____ (nation) Father’s Day. Finally, in 1966, President Lyndon Johnson declared the third Sunday of June ___40___ Father’s Day.Here are some ways to show your love and respect:Send him a greeting card. Fathers prefer cards that are not too emotional. So choose one that will make him laugh.If he has a puter, cover his desktop with words like “I love you，Dad”.A small present, such as a framed photo of your family, can make him feel like a king.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that thereA department store’s inputs include the land upon which the building is located, the labor of the employees, (41) ______ in the form of building, equipment and merchandise, and the management skills of the store managers. On a farm, the operation system is the transformation that occurs when a farmer’s (42) ______ (land, equipment, labor, etc.) are changed into such outputs as corn, wheat or milk. The exact form of the change process (43) ______ from industry to industry, but it is a(n) (44) ______phenomenon that exists in every industry. Economists refer to this (45) ______ of resources into goods and services as the production function. For all operation systems, the general goal is to create some kind of value-added outputs that are worth more to consumers than just the sum of the inputs. To the consumers, the resulting products (46) ______ use value due to the form, the time, orthe place of their availability from the conversion process. However, the process is subject to random changes. Unplanned or uncontrollable influences may cause the actual output to differ from planned output. Random fluctuations can arise from external disruption (fire, floods or lightning, for example) or from (47) ______ problems in the conversion process. Variability of equipment, material imperfections, and human errors all affect output quality differently. In fact, random variations are the rule rather than the exception in production processes; therefore, to (48)____variation becomes a major management task.The function of the feedback is to provide (49) ______ linkages. Without some feedback of information, management personnel cannot (50) operations because they don' t know the results of their directions.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Filling in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.It was my first day to Miss Hargrove’s seventh grade. Past “newcomer”experiences had been difficult, so I was very__51__ to fit in. After being introduced to the class, I bravely put on a smile and took my seat.Lunchtime was a pleasant surprise when the girls all crowded around my table. They were friendly, so I began to __52__. My new classmates told me about the school, the teachers and the other kids. They __53__ out the class nerd(书呆子) to me: Mary Lou. She was a pretty girl with dark eyes and olive-skin, __54__ she wore a long woolen skirt and an old-fashioned blouse. She looked stupid. The girls whispered and giggled __55__ Mary Lou walked by. She ate alone.After school, the girls invited me to join them in front of the school. I was thrilled to be a member of the club. We waited. For what, I didn’t know. Then Mary Lou came down the school steps. The girls started making fun of her, shouting rudely, biting comments. I __56__, then joined right in. Mean remarks fell from my lips. No one could __57__ I’d never done this before. The other girls stepped back and started cheering for me. Feeling __58__, I pulled on her backpack and then pushed her. Her backpack broke, Mary Lou fell and I backed off. Everyone was laughing. I __59__ in. I was a leader.I was not proud. Something inside me hurt. If you’ve ever picked a wing off a butterfly, you know how I felt. Mary Lou got up, gathered her books and left without a tear or saying anything. She held her head __60__ as blood ran down from herknee. I __61__ her limp away down the street.I turned to leave with my __62__ friends and noticed a man standing beside his car. He must have been Mary Lou’s father ––– he had the same olive skin, dark hair and handsome look. He remained still and watched the __63__ girl walk toward him. Only his eyes ––– shining with both sadness and pride ––– followed. As I passed, he looked at me in silence with burning tears that reminded me of my __64_.Mary Lou’s father’s eyes taught me a good lesson that day.I never again hurt someone for my own __65__.51. A. anxious B. excited C. worried D. afraid52. A. talk B. hesitate C. relax D. suspect53. A. picked B. pointed C. worked D. found54. A. because B. so C. and D. but55. A. as B. before C. after D. since56. A. paused B. refused C. hurried D. escaped57. A. tell B. say C. report D. announce58. A. ashamed B. guilty C. encouraged D. powerful59. A. turned B. went C. took D. fitted60. A. cautiously B. casually C. lowly D. high61. A. watched B. noticed C. glared D. glanced62. A. caring B. laughing C. puzzling D. satisfying63. A. silly B. only C. lonely D. friendly64. A. pain B. pity C. weakness D. shame65. A. loss B. gain C. effort D. dutySection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Zoe, Damacela, 19, didn't have nice clothes when she was young. It wasn't easy for Zoe’s hard-working single mother to make ends meet. They moved in and out of homeless shelters. Everything changed for Zoe in grade nine. At that time, she heard about a sewing(缝纫) class at her school. She signed up and couldn't wait to turn her designs into clothes. The color of the first dress she made was white-black strips. Soon the clothes she wore were all made by her. Other girls at school loved her designs too. They asked her if they could buy dresses from her. Zoe sold her first dress for $13. Unfortunately, it cost her $25 to make the dress. “I had the creativity in designs," says Zoe. “But I really had no idea about business.”Zoe kept selling the clothes she designed. Her business was booming, and even the girls who had ever teased her became her customers. In the eleventh grade, Zoe took a business class. She learned how to price her clothes so that she could be sure to make a fair profit.Her business teacher suggested she take part in a contest for teenaged entrepreneurs (企业家). The contest was for teens from all over the United States. Zoe sent in her business plan, which explained how she planned to make her pany grow. She won the second prize in the end. Zoe ’s success became a news item.Supermodel Tyra Banks heard about it and she invited Zoe to take part in her TV show. “Being recognized I felt really unreal,”says Zoe. Zoe has advice for teens who want to start their own business. “If you really work hard on it, you will be able to make it happen,” she says. “If I can do it, anyone else can.”66.We can learn that ______ when she was in grade nine.A. Zoe had no interest in designing clothesB. Zoe seldom wore her self-made clothesC. Zoe didn' t know how to make moneyD. Zoe attended a business course67.After winning the contest, Zoe ______A. considered it a rewardB. expected to be knownC. was proud of her own giftD. could hardly believe it68.Zoe advised the teens ______ .A. to make efforts to achieve their dreamsB. to design and make their own clothesC. to try every means to bee famousD. to do whatever they would like to69.What is the main idea of the passage?A. How Zoe learned to design clothes.B. A poor girl achieved success in business.C. How Zoe got a prize in a contest.D. A poor girl was invited to a TV show.can in traditional green. The Haws green 8. 8liter long reach watering can is given a powdercoated painted finish for maximum protection.ThismakesARS 1000L LIGHTWEIGHT HEDGE SHEARSThese ARS hedge shears are really difficult tofind! Made in Japan, they are some of the verybest available, especially for shaping work.These shears are lightweight and perfectlybalanced for maximum fort. The blades are verysharp and are made of hard carbon steel. Thehandles are made of aluminum for both strengthsave your boots.hand trowel is a real workhorse of the garden.Neverthe garden. The mirror polished stainless steelheadThe weatherproofed, hardwood handle gives71. If you buy a set of spade and fork, you should fill in the Order code “______”.A. BSDTS-EGB. SJSST-EGC. ARSHS-EG and HG88WCD. HG88W and BSDTS-EG72. You don’t have to pay for the postage if you buy ______.A. HAWS LONG REACH CAN GREENB. LIGHTWEIGHT HEDGE SHEARSC DIGGING SPADE & FORK SETD. SPEAR & JACKSON TROWEL73. The underlined word workhorse is closest in meaning with ______.A. makerB. laborerC. speakerD. digger(C)American researchers found females are the more talkative sex because of a special “language protein” in the brain.The study, conducted by neuroscientists(神经学家) and psychologist from the University of Maryland, concluded that women talked more because they had more of the Foxp2 protein. The research, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, found that higher levels were found among humans that were women but in rats that were males. Their findings came after it was previously claimed that ladies speak about 20,000 words a day – over 13,000 more than men. "This study is one of the first to report a sex difference in the expression of a language-associated protein in humans or animals,” said Prof Margaret McCarthy, who led the study. In their study, the researchers attempted to determine what might make male rats more vocal than their female friends.They separated four-day-old rats from their mothers andthen counted the number of times they cried out in the “ultrasonic range”, the frequencies higher than humans can hear, over five minutes. While both sexes called out hundreds of cries, the males called out twice as often, they found. But when the pups were returned to their mother’s cage, she fussed over her sons first. Tests conducted on the parts of the brain known to be associated with vocalcalls showed the male pups have up to twice as much Foxp2 protein as the females. The researchers then increased the production in the brains of female pups and reduced it in males. This led to the female rats crying out more often and their mothers showing more interest to them. In contrast, males became less “talkative”.The researchers then tested samples from ten children, aged between three and five, which showed that females had up to 30 per cent more of the Foxp2 protein than males, in a brain area key to language in humans.“Based on our observations, we assume higher levels of Foxp2 in girls and higher levels of Foxp2 in male rats is an indication that Foxp2 protein levels are associated with the more municative sex,” said Prof McCarthy."Our results imply Foxp2 as a ponent of the neurobiological basis of sex differences in vocal munication in mammals."74. From the second paragraph, we can learn that ________.A. women always speak more words than menB. men and male rats have low levels of language proteinC. women and male rats have similar levels of Foxp2D. McCarthy isn’t the first to find females more talkative75. The underlined phrase “fussed over” in the third paragraph probably means______.A. paid attention toB. related toC. put pressure onD. counted on76. The researchers carried out the experiments on rats in order to _______.A. test which part of the brain is key to language in rats and humansB. prove the levels of Foxp2 protein in humans and rats are differentC. determine the reason why female rats are more talkative than male ratsD. discover the association between Foxp2protein and vocal munication77. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Tests on humans and ratsB. Why women arethe talkative sexC. Sex differences in Foxp2 proteinD. Foxp2protein determines oral abilitySection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Throughout this long, tense election, everyone has focused on the presidential candidates and how they' 11 change America. Rightly so. But selfishly. I' m more fascinated by Michelle Obama and what she might be able to do, not just for this country, but for me as an African-American woman. As the potential First Lady, she would have the world' s attention. And that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get up close and personal with the type of African-American woman they so rarely see.Usually, the lives of black women go largely unexamined. The prevailing theory seems to be that we' re all hot-tempered single mothers who can' t keep a man. Even in the world of make-believe, black women still can' t escape the stereotype of being eye-rolling, oversexed females raised by our never-married, alcoholic （酗酒的） mothers.These images have helped define the way all black women are viewed, including Michelle Obama. Before she ever gets thechance to commit to a cause, charity or foundation as First Lady, her most urgent and perhaps most complicated duty may be simple to be herself.It won't be easy. Because few mainstream publications have done in-depth features on regular African-American women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis. For better or worse, Michelle will represent us all.Just as she will have her critics, she will also have millions of fans who usually have little interest in the First Lady. Many African-American blogs have written about what they' d like to see Michelle bring to the White House——mainly showing the world that a black woman can support her man and raise a strong black family. Michelle will have to work to please everyone——an impossible task. But for many African-American women like me, just a little of her poise （沉着）. Confidence and intelligence will go a long way in changing an image that' s been around for far too long. (No more than 10 words)78. Why dose Michelle Obama hold a strong fascination for the author？79. What is the common stereotype of African-American womenaccording to the author？80. What does the author say about Michelle Obama as a First Lady？81. What do many African-American women hope Michelle Obama will do？第II卷 (共45分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。

上海市浦东区2016学年度第一学期质量监控试卷高三英语(满分140分，考试时间120分钟）2016.12I. Listening Comprehension (25%)Section ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Sorry. B. Annoyed.C. Excited.D. Puzzled.2. A. An accountant. B. A surgeon.C. An artist.D. A scientist.3. A. 2000 yuan. B.3200 yuan.C.1200 yuan.D.3600 yuan.4. A. On a plane. B. In a physical medical room.C. In a boat.D. In a school rest room.5. A. A job. B. An article.C. A book.D. An author.6. A. Twins. B. Classmates.C. Friends.D. Cousins.7. A. Give his ankle a good rest. B. Treat his injury immediately.C. Continue his regular exercises.D. Be careful when climbing steps.8. A. Go on a diving tour in Europe. B. Add 300 dollars to his budget.C. Travel overseas on his own.D. Join a package tour to Mexico.9. A. In case some problems should occur. B. In case they should be late.C. To avoid more work later on.D. To make better preparations.10. A. The rock band needs more hours of practice.B. The rock band is going to play here for a month.C. Their hard work has resulted in a big success.D. He appreciates the woman’s help with the band.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Its strong education system. B. Its population.C. Its growing tourism industry.D. Its bilingual signs.12. A. All citizens receive quality English teaching.B. More money should be spent on teacher training.C. An English-speaking environment should be built.D. Tourism industry should be promoted.13. A. The foreign investment will increase.B. It will bring the economic and social benefits.C. The education system will be strengthened.D. It will improve Singapore’s ranking in English level.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.13. A. He shopped for groceries.B. He took care of his sick parent.C. He cared for his younger brother.D. He made important family decisions.15. A. It may help children grow up quickly.B. It may force children to sacrifice their childhoods.C. I t will turn children’s responsibility into a delight.D. It will make children more isolated and confused.16. A. Children getting satisfaction from helping others.B. Children taking on adult responsibility.C. Frustration and stress caused to children by parents.D. The environment for children’s better growth.Section CDirections: In Section C，you will hear a conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear a conversation and the questions about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Tour guide. B. Editor.C. Journalist.D. Typist.18. A. Some newly discovered scenic spot.B. Big changes in the Amazon valley.C. A new railway under construction.D. The beautiful Amazon rain forests.19. A. In news weeklies.B. In newspapers’ Sunday editions.C. In a local evening paper.D. In overseas edition of U.S. magazines.20. A. To become a professional writer.B. To get her life story published soon.C. To be employed by a newspaper.D. To sell her articles to a news service.II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as if it were yesterday.It was a sunny day. Eager to spend some time outside, I went up the mountain with my uncle. The mountain was hard (21) ________(climb) and had tough rocks and streams on it. In the end, (22) ________ (exhaust) and hot, I couldn’t go any further. So we went back down the mountain in the end.On the way back down, my uncle asked me a question, (23) _____ left me speechless for a second: “What’s your dream, young lady?”“I have no idea,” I answered (24) _____thinking it for a while. Then he smiled and told me about his story. He didn’t perform well at school when he was a student. Although nobody thought he could succeed, he knew clearly (25) ______his dream was-----to be a businessman. “I knew I wasn’t gifted when it came to studying, so I tried to buy snacks from a market and sell them after class,” he told me. After he left school, he started selling different items to find out which one was most attractive to customers. Of course, he often had no money in his pocket, but (26) ______ tough life was, he never gave up.“There is no doubt that a person who puts in a great deal of effort to reach his or her goal will have good luck at some point. The meaning of life is to chase your drea m,” he said gently.That night I (27) ______ hardly fall asleep. I lay in bed tossing and turning, asking myself, “What’s my motivation?”I once wanted to be a top student, but the hard work needed meant (28) _____ (put) everything into following my passion. If I find myself lacking willpower, what should I do? Leaving home early the next morning, I climbed the mountain again by (29) _____. It made me think: If we don’t experience the climb, how can we get to see the scenery on the top of the mountain? In the end, I reached the top and (30) ______ (fascinate) by the warm breeze and sunshine. Nothing could be more pleasant than that.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be use only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Imagine an urban neighborhood where most of the cars are self-driving. What would it be like to be a pedestrian?Actually, pretty good. In fact, pedestrians might end up with the run of the place.In a new study published in the Journal of Planning Education and Research, Millard-Ball looks at the __31__of urban areas where a majority of vehicles are “autonomous” or self-driving. It’s a phenomenon that’s not as far off as one might think.“Autonomous vehicles have the potential to __32__ travel behavior,”Millard-Ball says. He uses game theory to __33__ the interactions between pedestrians and self-driving vehicles, with a focus on yielding at crosswalks.Because autonomous vehicles are by design risk-averse, Millard-Ball's model suggests that pedestrians will be able to act with impunity, and he thinks autonomous vehicles may facilitate a shift towards pedestrian-oriented urban neighborhoods. However, Millard-Ball also finds that the __34__ of autonomous vehicles may be hampered by their strategic disadvantage that slows them down in urban traffic.“Pedestrians routinely play the game of chicken,” Millard-Ball writes. Crossing the street, even at a marked crosswalk without a traffic signal, requires a probability calculation: what are the odds of survival?The benefit of crossing the street __35__, instead of waiting for a gap in traffic, is traded off against the probability of injury or even death. Pedestrians know that drivers are not interested in running them down -- usually. But there is the chance a driver may be __36__, or drunk.Self-driving cars are __37__ to obey the rules of the road, including waiting for pedestrians to cross. They could provide the most __38__ transformation in urban transportation systems. Parking, street design, and transportation service networks are likely to be revolutionized. In his latest study, Millard-Ball suggests that the potential benefits of self-driving cars -- avoiding __39__ of traffic and traffic accidents -- may be outweighed by the drawbacks of an always play-it-safe vehicle that slows traffic for everybody.“From the point of view of a passenger in an automated car, it would be like driving down a street filled with __40__ five-year-old children,” Millard-Ball writes.Alternatively, planners could seize the opportunity to create more pedestrian-oriented streets. Autonomous vehicles could start a new era of pedestrian domination.III. Reading Comprehension (45%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Everybody loves to hate invasive species. The international list of invasive species—defined as those that were introduced by humans to new places, and then __41__ —runs to over 4,000. In Australia and New Zealand hot war is fought against introduced creatures like cane toads (蔗蟾蜍) and rats.Some things that are uncontroversial (无争议的) are nonetheless foolish. With a few important exceptions, campaigns to __42__ invasive species are merely a waste of money and effort — for reasons that are partly practical and partly philosophical.Start with the practical arguments. Most invasive species are neither terribly successful nor very__43__. Britons think themselves surrounded by foreign plants. __44__, Britain’s invasiv e plants are not widespread, not spreading especially quickly, and often less of a(n) __45__ than vigorous native plants. The arrival of new species almost always __46__ biological diversity (多样性) in a region; in many cases, a flood of newcomers drives no native species to extinction. One reason is that invaders tend to colonise __47__ habitats like polluted lakes and post-industrial wasteland, where little else lives. They are nature’s opportunists.The philosophical reason for starting war on the invaders is also __48__. Elimination campaigns tend to be __49__ by the belief that it is possible to restore balance to nature — to return woods and lakes to the state before human __50__. That is misguided. Nature is an everlasting mess, with species constantly emerging, withdrawing and hybridizing(杂交). Humans have only quickened these processes. Going back to ancient habitats is becoming __51__ in any case, because of man-made climate change. Taking on the invaders is a(n) __52__ gesture, not a means to an achievable end.A reasonable attitude to invaders need not imply passivity. A few foreign species are truly __53__ and should be fought: the Nile perch – a fish, has helped drive many species of fish to extinction in Lake Victoria. It makes sense to __54__ pathogens (病菌), especially those that destroy whole native tree species, and to stop known agricultural pests from gaining a foothold. Fencing off wildlife reserves to create open-air ecological museums is fine, too. And it is a good idea for European gardeners to destroy Japanese plants, just as they give no apace to native harmful grasses like bindweed and ground elder. You can garden in a garden. You cannot garden __55__. That is universally accepted.41. A. multiplied B. shrunk C. disappeared D. harvested42. A. conserve B. eliminate C. investigate D. prioritize43. A. healthy B. intentional C. harmful D. profitable44. A. As a result B. For example C. By contrast D. In fact45. A. attraction B. dominance C. annoyance D. substitute46. A. increases B. destroys C. reveals D. targets47. A. oppressed B. disturbed C. cultivated D. preserved48. A. acceptable B. needless C. mistaken D. convincing49. A. fuel(l)ed B. organized C. interrupted D. greeted50. A. civilization B. interference C. interaction D. maintenance51. A. tolerable B. impossible C. beneficial D. critical52. A. reluctant B. disorderly C. invalid D. unbalanced53. A. damaging B. flexible C. doubtful D. outstanding54. A. pick up B. take in C. keep out D. turn down55. A. agriculture B. vegetation C. atmosphere D. natureSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Jeremy Baras remembers the first time he ever saw a pop-up a restaurant. The 26-year-old entrepreneur （企业家）was on vacation in England four years ago and had to look up at the London Eye Ferries wheel to see it. Hanging above him was a capsule full of diners who were served a new course each time a revolution was made. “I thought that was the coolest thing ever”, he says. Baras, who founded in 2012 to promote the idea of pop-up restaurants in USA, has been studying them ever since.Pop-ups, which have been around since at least the early 2000s, are open anywhere from a few hours to several months, but their defining feature is that they are temporary. They may be only a tiny part of the $709 billion U.S. restaurant industry, but popups have gotten a boost in recent years as a lower-cost, lower- risk way for entrepreneurs to test the waters. Some restaurant owners see them as a way to renew interest in existing locations. And some struggling cities, like Oakland, Calif., have turned to them to help revitalize local economies impacted by the recession（衰退）.The concept has been especially popular withup-and-coming chefs who want to test-drive as a menuconcept without investing a fortune in a permanent space.“Your cooks and chefs are really talented, but they’restuck in the bac k of somebody else’s kitchen cookingsomebody else’s menu,”says Zach Kupperman, chiefbusinessman officer and co-founder of Dinner Lab.Chefs in Dinner Lab cook in the middle of space,give a brief introduction about the menu and themselves—and then bravely listen to diner feedback afterward. Pop-ups’ temporary nature also allows restaurateurs to charge a deposit to make sure the diners will show up.Of course, trends in the food industry come and go quickly, and there is no guarantee that diners won’t tire of the concept. Some entrepreneurs have resorted to even a weirder locations —in a former limestone mine, say, or at the top of a crane —to keep customers interested. Says Baras, “It's not quite part of the mainstreameconomy yet.”56. What does the underlined part “a revolution was made”inParagraph One possibly mean?A. Chefs designed creative dishes.B. Diners tasted food in an innovative way.C. The capsule containing diners made a circle.D. Great changes were made in the food industry.57. Which of the following might NOT be the reasons forpop-up restaurants’ fast development?A. Being temporary features pop-up restaurants.B. Pop-up restaurant can restore local economy to prosperity.C. Business owners venture into the business with fewer risks and investments.D. Restaurant owners can make diners interested in the original restaurants again.58. Perspective chefs are drawn to pop-ups due to the fact that__________________.A. pop-ups are becoming increasingly popular with diners worldwideB. they have the desire to explore a safer way to make a livingC. their investment in pop-ups will bring them a fortune on a permanent basisD. pop-ups provide a flexible test field for talented chefs’ originality59. The writer’s propose of writing the passenger is to___________________.A. appeal to people to dine out in pop-up restaurantsB. give a brief introduction of pop-up restaurantsC. warn business owners of the appearance of pop-up restaurantsD. foresee the future of pop-up restaurants’ developmen t(B)In four countries with fast-developing economies (BRIC) –Brazil, Russia, India, and China –the agricultural sector has become a proving ground for innovation. Juergen Voegele, a World Bank agriculture expert, predicts that “by transforming agr iculture, we will not only meet the challenge of feeding nine billion people by 2050 but do so in ways that create wealth and reduce its environmental footprint.”BRAZILSoybeans on the RisePreserving the Amazon rain forest is a top priority for Brazil.The rapid expansion of soybean and cattle farming there during the 1990s and early 2000s led to alarming rates of deforestation. Over the past ten years, however, with government support, activists and famers have protected more than 33,000 square miles of rain forest – an area equal to more than 14 million soccer fields. Saving these forests has kept 3.5 billion tons of carbon dioxide out of atmosphere.Yet even under these land restrictions, Brazil’s soybean production has increased. The country is now th eworld’s second largest producer of the crop. How did this happen?Farmers focused on efficiency. Using new machinery and early maturing seeds enabled them to squeeze an additional planting into the standard growing season. According to the U.S. Departmen t of Agriculture, Brazil’s 2014-15 soybean crop has hit a record 104.2 million tons, up 8.6 million tons from the year before, as farmers have made better use of their fields. This progress, says the World Bank’s Juergen V oegele, is an example of how “producing more food coexist with protecting the environment.”60. According to Juergen V oegele, innovation in agriculture will lead to all the following except ______.A. increased wealthB. the solution to the world’s food crisisC. less impact on natureD. the challenging of feeding the world’s population61. Which one is the appropriate number to fill in the blank in the chart?A. 95.6B. 104.2C. 14D. 8.662. What is the most important problem Brazil is faced with?A. Feeding nine billion people by 2050.B. Increasing its soybean production.C. Protecting its rain forest from deforestation.D. Enhancing its farmers’ efficiency.(C)Spain’s Literary GeniusFour centuries ago, the author of one of the greatest comedic characters in the world literature took his last breath. Miguel de Cervantes (1547-1616), the author of Don Quixote, is to the Spanish what Shakespeare is to the English and Dante is to Italians - a national literary icon.Cervantes’ book is still appreciated today, hundreds of years after its publication, because it’s a wonderfully truthful comedy. Don Quixote, like human beings generally, has great difficulty distinguishing reality from imagination. Readers may laugh at his strange behavior, but when we laugh, we laugh with recognition.The book records the adventures of Alonso Quijano, an older Spanish gentleman who loves romance novels. In truth, he reads far too many romances, and they have affected his mind. Quijano is so mixed up that he decides that he must become a knight himself. Imagine a comic book fan who decides to dress up as a superhero to fight crime, and you’ll get the picture.Setting the sceneAlonso Quijano reinvents himself as “Don Quixote de La Mancha”, an aristocratic（贵族的）name that suits his ambition of being a knight. Next, since every knight needs a horse, he finds himself an old one named Rocinante. But Rocinan te is not exactly cut out for life as a knight’s horse. He’s tired from years of farm work. He’s unlikely to be of much help in any figh t against an enemy.The heroes in the romances Quijano reads all had a lady to love. They were highborn, like the knights themselves. Quijano chooses Aldonza Lorenzo, a farmer’s daughter, to be his beloved. She becomes “Dulcinea del Toboso”, or “the sweet woman of Toboso”. How does Aldonza feel about Quijano’s attentions? She doesn’t feel much at all, actually. Aldonza is yet another byproduct of Quijano’s imagination, like so many things. Finding a sidekickNow comes Cervantes’ second great creation: Sancho Panza. Once servant in Quijano’s house, Panza is promoted to the role of squire（随从）, because every self-respecting knight needs a squire. Panza has a sensible head on his shoulders, and he is a foil（衬托）to his foolish master.The pair faces m any adventures, but none are as heroic as a knight’s should be. We laugh, rather than cry, as we read. Quijano tries to act on behalf of justice, but he doesn’t often succeed.Cervantes’ novel inspired a word that sums up Quijano’s romantic nature: “quixotic”. In English we use the word to describe someone who is idealistic but foolish in pursuit of his ideals. It is a mark of Cervantes’ genius that he was able to identify this trait and personify it using such a great comedic character. We should appreciate him for it on this significant occasion.63. On what occasion did the author write this review?A. The 400th anniversary of the publication of Don Quixote.B. An Italian Poet, Dante’s 800th birth anniversary.C. An English genius, William Shakesp eare’s 400th death anniversary.D. Miguel de Cervantes’ 400th anniversary of his death.64. Which role is Alonso Quijano most likely to identify with?A. Miguel de Cervantes.B. Don Quixote de La Mancha.C. Dulcinea del Toboso.D. Sancho Panza.65.What can be inferred from the passage?A. Don Quixote’s failure of distinguish reality from imagination amuses the readers.B. Quijano manages to bring justice to the world by means of force.C. Quijano is a Spanish aristocrat with great ambition.D. Reading romance novel will make people behave in a foolish way.66.According to the author, readers admire Cervantes and his masterpiece because .A.Cervantes is equal to Shakespeare and Dante as a national literary iconB.Quijano’s adve nture is romantic and heroicC. Cervantes has a genius for personifying Quijano’s quixotic nature in a truthful comedy.D. Quijano’s vivid imagination has brought other minor characters to lifeSection CDirections:Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Ten years ago, after 2 years as a postdoc(博士后), I found myself wondering whether I should take a different road. Up to that point, I had stuck to a pretty traditional path investigating cancer genetics, but I was losing interest in the research. At the same time, federal funding had flattened, which added to my dissatisfaction. ___67___ Then came the hard part: identifying a new career that would nurture my passion for science and allow me to make an impact with my work.As I was considering my options, I found inspiration in my first graduate school research tutor, whose work reminded me that scientists’efforts away from the bench can be incredibly powerful. But I still didn’t know exactly what I should do. ___68___ A colleague mentioned that a professor at a nearby 2-year college was training students to produce monoclonal antibodies for labs on campus. I was impressed that the professor had taken on this type of ambitious project with relatively inexperienced students. Curious to find out more, I set up a meeting with John and was struck by his sincerity and the way he prioritized student training above grants, publications, and personal ambition. I could also see his passion for teaching, which reminded me of the dream to become a high school biology teacher.___69___ I found a faculty position and joined John at the same quiet junior college. Now, I effectively hold two positions: classroom instructor and research co-adviser of 15 inexperienced but eager undergraduates. Both roles give me a chance to help students transform themselves, which is enormously rewarding.___70___ It’s discouraging when others see both my students and me as less worthy because we are not at universities. We sometimes struggle to get access to federal funding, scientific conferences, and other resources and opportunities. My pay is below the standard at 4-year research institutions, even though my teaching workload is greater. But my occasional frustration is relieved by the thought of the students, who I have helped train.Looking back at these 10 years, I realize how much my work on this campus has helped me grow, both as an academic and a tutor. I’m grateful that I stepped away from a traditional career path and found a way to serve both the student and research communities in my own way, modest though it may be.IV. Summary Writing (10%)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Food is life. We eat it to grow, stay healthy, and have the energy to do everyday activities. The food we consume makes all of these things possible, but not all food is created equal. Studies have shown, for example, that children who eat a nutritious breakfast do better in school than those with a poor diet. The well-fed child is able to pay attention longer, remember more, and participate more actively in class. The findings, then, are clear. Because our food choices affect our health and behavior, we must do more than just eat; we must eat well. For many people today, though, making healthy food choices is not easy.We are surrounded by information telling us what’s good for us and what isn’t, but usually this information is more confusing than helpful. In fact, different research about the same food often produces contradictory results. In previous research on eggs, people were encouraged to limit or completely eliminate eggs from their diets to prevent dangerous diseases. Recent studies say eggs are good for you. It’s hard to know who to believe.Shopping for food can also be challenging. During a visit to a supermarket, we often need to make many different choices. Should you buy this cereal or that one? Regular or fat-free’ milk? Tofu or chicken? It’s hard to know which to choose, especially when two items are very similar. Many shoppers read product labels to help them decide. Indeed, many food labels are often misleading.Making healthy food choices and eating well do not have to be difficult. Doing simple things can result in a better diet and a healthier you. Urban gardening, which is becoming popular again is one such thing. On small pieces of land, neighbors are working together to grow fruit and vegetables. What are the benefits of these gardens? People have access to more fresh fruit and vegetables, especially poorer people who are less likely to spend money on these items. The food also cost less than it would in a supermarket. There are other benefits, too. Working together in the garden helps people to exercise. Urban gardens have also been used to teach children about food production and healthy eating.V. Translation (15%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.解除病人的痛苦是医生的职责。

2017学年第二学期上大附中诊断测试高三年级英语试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.October 9 is the World Post Day. Once upon a time, if a friend or family member had to move away, you might not 1________(see) that person for years, or maybe ever again. That was before email, and before the smart phone. The only way to stay in touch was to do 2_________that now seems rather quaint(少见的): you had to write a letter.You might say, “But we have email. How different can an email be from a letter?” Yet email and letter-writing are very different. Writing an email is 3________(easy) thing in the world. You type a few sentences, press “send” and that’s it. Maybe a couple of minutes later you get a reply. To write a letter, on the other hand, takes more effort. 4________the letter is going to place a thousand kilometers away, possibly across the ocean, it might take weeks to reach the other person.Making an effort is therefore part of meaning of the letter. The care that you take shows your respect or love for your correspondent. That means you shouldn’t write on old paper. A page5________(tear) out for a notebook won’t do, nor should you scrawl(潦草地写) your letter with a pencil.Always the better letter6 _________(write) with a good pen in order to produce a physical object that says to the recipient, “I am glad to speak to you again.”And this carries over to the writing itself. There’s an old saying,” Words are cheap.” But this phrase shouldn’t apply7 ________the letter-writer. Each word is weighted; each ph rase, worried over. It’s important to write as well as possible, 8____________the letter you exchange with the other person are entirely of the relationship you have with them.On World Post Day, people are encouraged 9___________(continue) to send letters in this good old-fashioned way. Why not 10___________(give) it a try if you haven’t send a letter recently, or ever?keys:1.have seen 后面有foryears可知用现完时态合适2.something do后面缺宾语且后面定语从句连接词用that，可知是不定代词3.the easiest 没有前后比较所以是最高级4.If 结合句子意思，后面主句的动作将来发生，联想到主将从现5.torn 非谓语，跟前面逻辑主语page是被动完成关系6.are written 谓语动词，判断时态语态即可7.to applyto固定用法8.as 原因状语从句9. to continue sbbeencouragedtodosth固定用法10.give why not do sth 固定巨型Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The nursing assistant for your next trip to the hospital might be a robot. This is the implication of research recently published by Dr. Elena De Momi and colleagues in the open access journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI (Artificial Intelligence).Dr. De Momi, of the Politecnico di Milano (Italy), led an international team that trained a robot to imitate natural human actions. De Momi's work indicates that humans and robots can 1. ______ coordinate their actions during high-stakes events such as surgeries.Over time this should lead to improvements in safety during surgeries because unlike their human counterparts robots do not tire and can complete an endless series of 2._____ movements. The goal is not to remove human expertise from the operating room, but to 3.______ it with a robot's particular skills and benefits."As a roboticist, I am convinced that robotic (co)workers and collaborators will definitely change the work market, but they won't steal job opportunities. They will just allow us to decrease workload and achieve better performances in several tasks, from medicine to industrial 4.________," De Momi explains.To conduct their experiment De Momi's team photographed a human being 5.______ numerous reaching motions, in a way similar to handing instruments to a surgeon. These camera 6._________ were input into the neural network of the robotic arm, which is crucial to controlling movements. Next a human operator guided the robotic arm in imitating the reaching motions that the human subject had 7.__________ performed. Although there was not a perfect overlap between the robotic and human actions, they were broadly similar.Finally, several humans observed as the robotic arm made numerous motions. These observers 8.__________ whether the actions of the robotic arms were "biologically inspired," which would indicate that their neural networks had effectively learned to imitate human behavior. About 70% of the time this is exactly what the human observers 9.___________.These results are promising, although further research is necessary to 10.__________ or refine De Momi's conclusions. If robotic arms can indeed imitate human behavior, it would be necessary to build conditions in which humans and robots can cooperate effectively in high stress environments like operating rooms.Keys: HCAJE FDKBIIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Radio began as a point-to-point communication device. In 1919, Radio Corporation of American would charge a fee if you sent a message from one radio to another. Either the senders or the recipients pay the fee. The purpose was basically to undercut the telegraph, and they made their money ____1_____, not by providing radio as a ____2____ but by selling hardware.In about 1922, radio _____3_____ into a broadcast mechanism. For broadcasting, in the simple sense, there was a ____4____ and it broadcast, and lots of people could hear it. But broadcasting was seen as a way to drive business to the radio hardware makers. The station s were ___5_____ by people who made radios or ___6_____, by churches and universities that wanted to get their ___7____ out but we ren’t going to make money.And there was a lot of stuff which sounds very ___8___ today about how this medium was going to ____9____. And in the 20s, Radio Broadcast Magazine _____10____ a $500 prize for the best essay that answered the question: “ Who is going to pay for broadcasting, and how?” The winner suggested a ____11____ on radio listeners. Now, it sounds a little strange to us, but that’s actually the British model. The BBC supports itself by a tax on TV and radio sets.There was some discussion about ____12____, and Herbert Hoover, the Secretary of Commerce then, was strongly against this idea. He said it was ___13_____ that we should allow so great a possibility for service ___14____ by advertising chatter. The Commerce Department was __15____ radio at the time. After the creation of national radio networks then the pressure – advertisers wanted to go on with it, people who owned the radio network wanted to sell ads, and that’s how radio developed as an advertising medium.1. A. briefly B. naturally C. basically D. eventually2. A. listener B. service C. broadcaster D. applicant3. A. developed B. extended C. made D. drove4. A. magazine B. platform C. stop D. station5. A. wanted B. made C. sponsored D. sold6. A. in some cases B. in return C. on the contrary D. on the whole7. A. way B. message C. profit D. opinion8. A. critical B. persuasive C. familiar D. great9. A. communicate B. broadcast C. emerge D. survive10. A. offered B. won C. missed D. abandoned11. A. reward B. tax C. fine D. rent12. A. broadcasting B. advertising C. chattering D. modelling13. A. essential B. inconvenient C. difficult D. unbelievable14. A. sent B. created C. drowned D. suggested15. A. regulating B. producing C. providing D. developing1.【参考答案】C 【考查内容】副词【试题解析】注意这句话有个并列连词and,所以对应前半句中的basically，这里也一样2.【参考答案】B 【考查内容】上下文理解【试题解析】通过上下文可知，这里的收音机不是作为一种设备或者服务。

华东师大二附中2017届高三十二月月考II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.You may think that mom-and-pop stores are gradually dying out, giving way to chain stores and big business,(21) you would be wrong. The online shopping platform Taobao is a game changer and(22) (revolutionize) the way we buy and sell.Taobao, or “treasure hunt”, recently became the largest e-commerce website in terms of traffic, surpassing Amazon. It has 190 million (23) (register) users and serves (24) (big)marketplace in the world. Half of China’s Internet users go to Taobao, either to browse, buy or sell, according to Web information company Alexa.(25) Taobao borrowed its original business model from eBay when it started up in 2003, the student soon became the master. Just three years later, eBay shut down its site and now Taobao controls about 80 percent of the country’s online shopping market.It charges almost (26) to list items for sale and makes most of its money from advertising. It also plans to share transaction data with its users so they can cash it on buying trends. This allows anyone with an idea and a computer to start a viable business, doing away (27) the need for significant start-up capital. (28) opening up a store on the high street selling to passersby, the world is every Taobao user’s oyster.A friend of mine is a typical. She opened up a store selling children’s clothing near Nuren Jie,(29) was a popular market in Beijing. It was not a great success but her online sales through Taobao went ballistic. She closed the store and is now e-commerce only.Effectively, taobao has become the country’s high street, but with global reach.(30) China is the world’s manufacturing base, it is relatively easy for individuals to source cheap goods and sell at a reasonable markup. Micro-stores are opening in their thousands everyday and delivering an amazing variety of goods.but；has revolutionized; registered; the biggest; Although; nothing; with; Instead of; which; AsSection BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The movie ”Jurassic Park” shown sometime this year took cinema lovers by storm and since then, there has been a revived interest in dinosaurs. Numerous articles have been written and intensive research has been conducted on dinosaurs.Scientists believe that dinosaurs came into existence about 180,000,000 years ago, but have been extinct for several millions of years, and to-date, only reconstructed fossil (31) serve as tangible(实际的) proof that dinosaurs did exist on earth at one time.Dinosaurs were actually reptiles, a separate class of animals with the following (32) ;they are cold-blooded; they can live on land; they have a (33) type of heart and most of them have scales.The first reptiles appeared long before the dinosaurs (34) big lizards and (35) short tails, thick legs and big heads. They subsisted mainly on plants. The first dinosaurs resembled their reptile (36) ,but they could walk on their hind legs. Some kinds remained small, but in the course of time, others grew to (37) sizes and lengths, ranging from 8 to 20 feet and weighing more than an elephant. There was a giant dinosaur, known as Brontosaurus, measuring70-80 feet long and weighing 38 tons. Another(38) kind, called Allesaurus, could walk about on land, and (39) on the Brontosaurus and other plant-eating reptiles, with its sharp teeth and powerful claws.Today, dinosaurs are only found in books, pictures and in motion pictures. With the remarkably widespread interest in dinosaurs, people become agog in asking this question: Why did the giant creatures become extinct? Many scientists offer one conjecture(猜测) that they disappeared because of the changes in the climate of the earth, which deprived them of the places to live in and feed. Other experts have recently come up with the theory that giant meteors (40) upon the earth and destroyed the dinosaurs in an instant. Many more theories may be put forward by experts, but still, no one had a conclusive and definite answer to the puzzle.HFACI DKBEGIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The most obvious benefit of a single currency is that it will no longer be necessary to incur(引起)the costs of exchange from one currency to another. Travelers know that these costs are not negligible. First of all, there is a commission (41) (usually a fixed amount); secondly, the price (42) which the traveler purchases foreign currency for domestic currency (43) from the price of exchanging back surplus (过剩)foreign currency. The removal of these transaction costs constitutes a gain from monetary union.Another benefit is that removal of exchange rate (44) between the countries of the EU would provide much more assurance to (45) location decisions. At present, a company takes (46) of the risk of exchange rate variation in its location decision, and this may lead it to scatter its plants across the various economies to hedge against(防范)the risk of exchange rate variation. Removing this source of uncertainty allows investors to (47) according to economies of scale and may lead to more plants of (48) size, a reduction in unit cost of production, and increase in(49) .A single currency provides the (50) for counter-inflationary(反通胀)policies. A single currency could lead to a (51) in the market discrimination that currently exists in the EU(for example, prices of motor cars of the (52) specification(规格) stand higher in the UK than they do in France) as the quotation(报价) of prices in common currency discourages arbitrage(套利)activity and reduces the market division(53) which such discrimination relies.(54) , firms in one country cannot continue to (55) their prices higher than their European competitors and still remain competitive.41.A. money B. sum C. tip D. charge42.A. on B. at C. in D. over43.A. different B. infers C. differs D. variable44.A. float B. contrast C. difference D. variation45.A. appropriate B. cooperative C. corporate D. reasonable46.A. account B. count C. mind D. range47.A. decide B. locate C. choose D. invest48.A. largest B. maximum C. medium D. optimum49.A. effect B. effectiveness C. deficiency D. efficiency50.A. shade B. firework C. framework D. door51.A. rise B. reduction C. revival D. cause52.A. same B. different C. similar D. excessive53.A. in B. on C. over D. at54.A. While B. Thus C. However D. Although55.A. rise B. arise C. raise D. setDBCDC ABDDC BABBCSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become "better" people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don't go.But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who don't fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each other's experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Other find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out—often encouraged by college administrators.Some observers say the fault is with the young people themselves—they are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But that is a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn't explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. We have been told that young people have to go to college because our economy can't absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army oftrained twenty-two-year-olds, either.Some adventuresome educators and watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesn't make people intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn things—may it is just the other way around, and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-learning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.56.what do stiletto heels refer to according to the passage?, ___.A.Heels most appropriate for catwalks.B.shoes that fit retail sector workers best.C.heels with the limit of an inch.D.very high heels that women wear.57.why did the Trade Union leaders propose to ban stiletto heels from the workplace?A.they believed that these shoes are harmful to women workers’ health.B.they maintained that women should decide what to wear at work.C.they thought these shoes give women excuse to ask for a sick leave.D.they didn’t want to work in the place that looks like Hollywood.58.Nadine Dorries disapproved the motion because she felt that the extra height of the heels_____A.improved her vision.B.boosted her confidence.C.helped people to find her.D.made her more in control of her life.59.How does Michelle Dewberry see the motion?.A.It should be supported for the sake of women’s health.B.The union officials shouldn’t have debates on any motions.C.It’s unnecessary and women have right to decide what to wear.D.The union leaders should decide on the tightness of ties instead.DABC(B)Noad was a tall, handsome 23-year-old Balinese man who was in love with one girl but expected to marry another. His stepmother had arranged everything- he would wed a distant relation and bring the two families closer together. Noad had two choices. He would either marry the girl he did not love, or he could go against the wishes of parents and be expelled from his village. Actually he had another choice, one which none of his family foresaw. One day his friends found him slumped in a comma on hes bed after he had consumed two litres of a powerful insecticide.For more than 60 years the tropical Indonesian island of Bali has been portrayed to the outside world as a heavenly paradise where a strong culture and sense of community protect its inhabitants from the rigors of the modern world. It is an image supported by many millions of dollars from the international hotel community which provides luxury accommodation and facilities for nearly a million foreign visitors now travelling annually to the holiday island.Yet behind the marketing hype lies another story- one which exist in stark contrast to the sun, sand and sea”dream”. The truth is that the lives of Bali’s 2.7 million local inhabitants are often marked by poverty, suffering and family conflict. Ketut is a 22-year-old maid who works part-time for an expatriate resident in Ubud, in the centre of the island. Her husband works as a driver for a white-water rafting company which provides day trips to tourists.”sometimes i have no money for my baby because my husband gambles a ll his wages.” the husband’s father, unfamiliar with western support system, combats his son’s behavior by calling in the dukun, a spiritual” healer”who makes offerings to the bad spirits at play in his mind.60. You would expect to find this passage in______ ?A. A newspaperB. An advertisementC.a travel brochureD.a book61. It can be inferred from the paragraph 1 that the third choice that Noad’s family failed to foresee is that____.A. He fell into sleepB. He went against their wishes and left homeC. He commited suicideD. He started to take drugs62.In paragraph 2 it refers to______A. Strong culture.B. Sense of community.C. Heavenly paradise.D. The modern world.BCC(C)Most people dont leave their front door unlocked, and the same is true of their home Wi-Fi networks. But some believe that preventing access to your wireless Internet actually does more harm than good. Peter Eckersley of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, an organisation devoted to defending digital rights, is calling for an "Open Wireless Movement" and encouraging people to be "socially responsible" by sharing their connection. Eckersley compares the current situation of locked-down networks to "finding yourself parched(干透的)and thirsty while everyone around you is sipping from nice tall glasses of iced water", and offers a technological solution. We restrict access to our networks for two reasons: to prevent other people from using up our bandwidth, and to ensure our security and privacy. He suggests we can still protect ourselves from both problems by using routers(路由器)that share a certain amount of bandwidth in the open while also providing an encrypted(加密的)connection for personal use, but such technology already exists, and people arent choosing to use it. Perhaps the problem is not technological, but legal, as home users dont want to be responsible for the activities of others on their network. Quite understandable, really. But Eckersleysays that "individuals can enjoy the same legal protections against liability as any other Internet access provider", but the law is far from clear in this area and differs from country to country. In a footnote on his article, Eckersley says US law "may" offer protection, but that didnt prevent a man who left his network open from being called a paedophile(恋童癖者)by armed police in his living room this past weekend. Courts in Germany have previously ruled that people can be fined if they allow unauthorised users to access illegal materials through their connection, while in the UK disputes over recent changes to the law leave the matter uncertain. Perhaps these legal concerns can be overcome by turning to an unlikely role-model — Estonia, where access to the Internet is a legal human right. The country is blanketed in a network of free Wi-Fi access points in cafes, bars and other public locations, allowing people to easily get online almost anywhere. So who wants to open up their network first?63 What does the author say about the Electronic Frontier Foundation?A．It encourages people to share their networks.B．Its work is about protecting digital rights.C．It is advocating an "Open Wireless Movement".D．Its main business is trading electronics.64. One reason leading most people to lock their network is________A. Laws protect home users of internet from responsibilities.B. Internet access provides take no responsibility for their users’ illegal activitiesC. Home users enjoy the same right as internet access providers.D. It is internet access provid ers who should be responsible for their user’s activities.65. What can be inferred from Eckersley’s words individual......internet access provider in para4_________.A. Laws protects home users of internet from responsibilitiesB. Internet access providers take no responsibility for their for their user’s illegal activities.C. Home users enjoy the same rights as internet access providersD it is internet access providers who should be responsible for their user’s activities.66. What information can be got about Estonia from the passage? .A.It restricts free access to internetB. Free Wi-Fi is set up all over the countryC. It is impossible for other countries to follow its suitD its people can get free Wi-Fi access almost everywhere.BCBDSection DDirections: Read the following passage and fill in each blank with the sentence that best fits the context. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.Second Life is an online imaginary world where a computer user can create a new self and experience a separate life. Second Life is similar to other popular "massively multiplayer online role-playing games." The company Linden Lab of San Francisco, California created Second Life in two thousand three.____67____Then he or she creates an electronic image, or animated character, called an avatar. Some people try to make their avatar look as close to their real self as possible. Other people change their sex or become an imaginary creature as their Second Life avatar.Once you have your avatar you become a "resident" of Second Life. ____68____Your avatar also can make friends with other Second Life avatars. Residents can go to school, own a business, even get married. But, there are also activities in Second Life that are impossible in the real world. For example, if you do not feel like walking to that park near your Second Life home, why not fly?____69____But it costs money to get other accounts and to buy land. The virtual world has its own currency, the Linden dollar. You use these to buy virtual clothes, property, entertainment and many other things. You can earn Linden dollars by working at a job. That unreal money has a real life value. About two hundred fifty Linden dollars are worth one American dollar.Second Life is popular among schools and businesses.Many universities have set up campuses on the Web site. Many kinds of stores can also be found there. And, entertainers sometimesperform live on Second Life with their Second Life avatars.____70____It is said that the total number of residents is more than thirteen million from more than one hundred countries.BCDFIV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.It’s a joy to be you ngA noted American psychologist once remarked that childhood is a magical period in one’s life．Indeed it is, for during childhood, one undergoes a step-by-step transformation not only in mental capacity, but also in physical and verbal skills．Each step signals an increase in the difficulty of a child’s conceptual and learning abilities．During the early stages of childhood, from infancy to about five, the child learns simple skills including using the toilet, bathing and dressing himself independently．At this stage, he also learns to be very observant, curious, imaginative and creative．His ability to remember things also leaps at this stage．He remembers details that an adult may have difficulty in remembering．Gradually , he learns elementary skills in problem-solving．As he graduates to the later stages of childhood bordering on the teenage years, the child learns the complexities of human relations and socialization by interacting with his peers—his friends and schoolmates．He also learns to experiment with new life situations, including dates and part-time work．Given a tight schedule of schoolwork, the child learns to prepare his own schedules of work and play.Some youngsters look at life pessimistically. They complain that it is a tragedy to be young because they are faced with what they consider insumountable(无法克服的）problems and pressures at home and school, let alone with the opposite sex. Given that, however, children’s pressures pale in comprison with the adults’. It is true that studying can be burdensome at times, but at least children do not have the same pressure and burden that adults feel-the burden of working to make endsmeet and give the children a decent and comfortable life.It is an inescapable truth that childhood is a happy stage- a time of sheer joy, innocence and freedom from the complexities and challenges of the adult world.第II卷（共40分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.这位演讲者见多识广，在台上总能处变不惊。

上海高三高中英语月考试卷班级:___________ 姓名：___________ 分数：___________一、单项选择1.By the time he was twelve, Edison __________ to make a living by himself.A．would begin B．has begunC．had begun D．was begun2.Mr. Green __________ for more than ten years.A．died B．has diedC．is dying D．has been dead3.They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years since I __________ a good drink A．had enjoyed B．was enjoyingC．enjoyed D．had been enjoying4.Tom __________ into the house when no one __________.A．slipped; was looking B．slipped; had lookedC．had slipped; looked D．was slipping; looked5.That suit __________ over 60 dollars.A．has costed B．costedC．is costed D．cost6.Don’t get off the bus until it __________.A．has stopped B．stoppedC．will stop D．shall stop7.Look! __________.A．Here he comes B．Here comes heC．He came here D．Here does he come8.Seeing the owner of the house coming, away __________.A．the naughty boys runB．did the naughty boys runC．the naughty boys ranD．ran the naughty boys9.---It’s a nice day. ---So __________.A．is it B．it isC．does it D．it does10.__________ is a wooden tub used for gathering water chestnuts.A．It pictured here B．It is pictured hereC．Pictured here D．Here pictured11.__________ was her anger that her face turned red.A．Great B．So C．It D．Such 12.________ in the work that she often forgot ________ her meals.A．So absorbed was Keller; to takeB．So absorbed Keller was; to takeC．So absorbed Keller was; takingD．So absorbed was Keller; taking13.Only after ________ his work ________ to see his grandfather.A．finishing; did he goB．he finishes; did he goC．he finished; he wentD．having finished; he went14.__________, Carolina couldn’t get the door open.A．Try as she might B．As she might tryC．She might as try D．Might as she try15.That is __________ the problem lies.A．how B．whenC．where D．what16.__________ they will not come to join us, we have to change our plan.A．Seeing that B．WhenC．For D．As soon as17.Tom is one of the boys who __________ on time.A．is B．areC．am D．was18.You’d better take something to read when you go to see the doctor __________ you have to wait. A．even if B．as ifC．in case D．in order that19.---How long do you think it will be __________ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon? --- Perhaps two or three years.A．when B．untilC．that D．before20.Cook was a strict but good captain, __________ usually took care of the sailors on his ship. A．the one who B．one whoC．that D．he who21.We were struck by the limited use __________ their natural resources.A．those villagers made ofB．which those villagers madeC．for those villagers made ofD．for those villagers making of22.There seems to be two causes as I try to figure out __________ that prevents so many children from being as happy as before.A．how it is B．when it isC．what it is D．why it is23.According to one theory, taking part in high-culture activities makes __________ easy for teenagers to make friends with powerful older people, __________ thus increases the chances of their lives turning out well. A．that, which B．it, whichC．what, which D．it, what24.Because Sarah has always saved __________, she is now able to afford a big house.A．what little she earns B．how little she earnsC．for little she earns D．with little she earns25.__________ has recently been done to provide more buses for the people, a shortage of public vehicle remains a serious problem.A．That B．WhatC．In spite of what D．Though what二、其他1.A young and successful manager was traveling down a neighborhood street, going a bit too fast ___【1】___ his new Jaguar __【2】__ a brick hit the door of his Jaguar.He jumped out of the car,【3】__ (seize) the kid and pushed him up against the parked car, shouting, “That’s a new car and that brick you threw is going to cost a lot of money. Why did you do it?” “I’m sorry. I didn’t know what else to do!” begged the youngster.“It’s my brother,” he said. “He fell ___【4】_________ his wheelchair and I can’t lift him up.”Sobbing, the boy asked the manager, “Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair? He __【5】___ (hurt) and he’s too heavy for me.”___【6】__ (move) beyond words, he lifted the young man back into the wheelchair and took out his handkerchief and wiped the scrapes and cuts, ___【7】___ (check) to see that everything was going to be Okay.“Thank you, sir. And God bless you.” The grateful child said to him and then push his brother to the sidewalk towards their home.He never did repair the side door. He kept the dent ___【8】__ (remind) him not to go through life so fast that someone has to throw a brick at you to get your attention.2.The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese calendar. For thousands of years, the festival ___【1】__ (mark) by eating zongzi and racing dragon boats in honour of Qu Yuan, who is said __【2】___ (commit) suicide by drowning himself.Qu was a minister of the State of Chu ___【3】__ (situate) in the present-day Hunan and Hubei provinces, during the Warring States Period (战国时期). He was upright, loyal and highly respected. However, he was dismissed from office. ___【4】___ (realize) that the country was in the hands of evil officials, Qu leapt into River Miluo on the fifth day of the fifth month. Nearby fishermen rushed over to save him __【5】___ were unable to recover his body.The people of Chu __【6】___ mourned Qu’s death threw rice into the river to feed his ghost every year on the day of his death. But one year, the spirit of Qu appeared and told the mourners that a huge reptile in the river had stolen the rice. The spirit then advised __【7】___ to wrap the rice and bind it ___【8】___ throwing it into the river.During the Duanwu Festival, zongzi is eaten to symbolize the rice offerings to Qu. And the dragon-boat races symbolize the attempts to rescue and recover Qu’s b ody.Section C (10%)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.handling of his ___【1】____ language, which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual use, and a knowledge of the latest subject-matter in his fields of specialization. This is his professional equipment. In addition to this, it is desirable that he should have an inquiring mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to ____【2】___ quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to work on his own, often at high speeds, but should be ____【3】___ enough to consult others if his own knowledge doesn’t always prove __【4】____ to the task in hand. He should be able to type fairly quickly and ___【5】____ and, if he is working basically as an information translator, let us say, for an industrial firm, he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to switch ___【6】____ from one source language to another, as well as from one-subject-matter to another, since this ability is frequently required of him in such work. Bearing in mind the nature of the translator’s work, i. e. the __【7】____ of the written word, it is, strictly speaking, unnecessary that he should speak the languages he is dealing with. If he does speak them, it is an ___【8】___ rather than a hindrance (障碍), but this skill is in many ways a luxury that makes no much difference to him. It is, however, ___【9】___ that he should have a rough idea about the pronunciation of his source languages, even if this is restricted to __【10】___ how proper names and place names are pronounced.4.Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is for an unwelcome surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer, and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car contains a mini-cellphone, a microprocessor and memory, and a GPS satellite positioning receiver. If the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the control center to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine being restarted.In the UK, a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves. “The pattern of vehicle crime has changed”, says Martyn Randa ll, a security expert. He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management compute r won’t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition(点火) key. In the UK, technologies like this have helped achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing to find o ther ways to steal cars, often by getting hold of the owner’s keys. And key theft is responsible for 40% of thefts of vehicles fitted with a tracking system.If the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system will send a signal to an operations centre that it has been stolen. The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal.Staff at the centre will then contact the owner to confirm that the car really is missing, and keep police informed of the vehicle’s movements via the car’s GPS unit.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in No More Than 12 Words)【1】The remote immobilizer is fitted to a car to ____________________________________.【2】By saying “But only if the car is more than 10 years old”, Martyn Randall means that_____________________________________________________________.【3】Why modern cars are far tougher to steal?_______________________________________________________________________.【4】What will the operations center do first after receiving an alarm?_______________________________________________________________________.5.Translation (22%)【1】他刚到办公室，老板就开始责备他昨天没来上班。

上海高三高中英语月考试卷班级:___________ 姓名：___________ 分数：___________一、其他1.One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept 【1】 (walk) up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. “This boy has lost his family,” he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others,【2】I’m very worried about him. Can you help?”I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer【3】 , and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympatheticallyThe first two times we met, David didn’t say a word. He sat there, only【4】(look) up to look at the children’s drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon—in complete silence and without looking at me. It’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.Usually, he arrived【5】 than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me?“Perhaps he simply needs someone【6】(share) his pain with,” I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.“【7】’s your turn,” he said.After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one—without any words—can reach out to【8】 person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens2.Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and 【1】 (spend) the expected half hour recording the day’s events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever【2】(record) on paper. After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley,【3】 (well-equip) with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time【4】 (productive), dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threat ening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen….At that point, I understood that nothing I【5】 (write) could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I【6】 (set) down in my diary.Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects【7】I find really beautiful. I’m no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy【8】 (preserve) the present so as to live it in the future.I don’t want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I won’t have as many exact representations of people and places; m aybe I’ll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I don’t live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.3.In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality, and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept that equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of sexes”.If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less import ant—and that has happened in some cases—we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Momism”— but we don’t want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credits nor all the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman’s place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze man’s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.The family is a cooperative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems. Excessive authoritarianism has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is closely linked not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN THIRTEEN WORDS.)【1】Children raised in a family where roles of men and women are not sharply separated are more likely to_________________________________________________________________________________.【2】According to the author, the ideal family pattern should have ________________________________. 【3】In a family being aware of the roles men play, women will not _______________________________. 【4】What is the passage mainly about?4.Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.【1】校长呼吁老师让学生在课上充分发挥作用。

上海市东城高级中学高二英语月考试卷含解析一、选择题1. Temporary failure is not to be feared. We must bear it in mind that the pains-taking efforts we have made will ______ in the long run.A. pay offB. takeoff C. break off D. work off 参考答案：A略2. _________, I will write a report and give it to your parents.A. If I am necessaryB. If it necessaryC. If is necessaryD. If necessary参考答案：D3. As we all know, ________ disabled have to work very hard to live ________ ordinary life as we do.A. the; theB. the; anC. a; theD. a; a参考答案：B略4. Be careful! Don’t get the orange juice on your shirt, for it ________.A. isn’t washed outB. won’t be washed outC. won’t wash outD. isn’t washing out参考答案：C5. To avoid ________ confused about the British tipping system, you need to check your bill to see if a tip is included or not.A. getB. gettingC. to getD. got参考答案：B6. A good student is honest and kind to others. In other words, he never ______ his friends.A. helpsB. laughsC. betraysD. blames参考答案：C7. The library needs ________，but it'll have to wait until Sunday.A．cleaning B．be cleanedC．clean D．being cleaned参考答案：A事物作主语时，表示“需要”的动词need, require, want等后可接动名词，用主动形式表示被动含义；need后也可接不定式，用其被动形式表示被动含义。