名词性从句教案-2021年高考英语语法一轮复习精讲精练

2021年高考英语语法复习：名词性从句考点一引导名词性从句的连接词1.连接代词who,whose,whom,what,which及wh-ever等它们有词义,在从句中作成分。

what∕whatever指物,作主语、宾语、定语、表语;who∕whoever 指人,在从句中作主语、宾语;whom∕whomever指人,在从句中作宾语;whose在从句中作定语;which∕whichever指人或物,在从句中作定语、主语、宾语。

带-ever的连接词意义上有“任何……”之意。

What I want to know is the price of the bike.我想知道的就是自行车的价格。

You can buy whatever you need in the shop.在这家商店你能买到任何你需要的东西。

whoever,whatever,wherever...等引导的从句不仅是句子的语气加强了,而且此类词引导的句子表示让步和泛指的概念,而who,what,where...等引导的句子表示具体的概念。

如: What he said is right.他所说的是对的。

(特指他这次所说的事情)Whatever he said is right.无论他说什么都是对的。

此处,whatever= anything what,表示泛指和让步,意为“无论他说什么”。

Who will do it is not decided.谁去做这件事还没有确定。

(指一次具体的动作)Whoever does it will be punished.无论谁做了这件事,都要受到惩罚。

(此处特别强调“无论是谁”)wh-ever这类词引导名词性从句时,不能用no matter+who∕what∕which...代替。

2.连接副词when,where,why,how等它们有词义,在句中作状语。

when表时间,why表原因,where表地点,how表方式、程度。

2021最新高考英语语法要点细讲精练04—名词性从句〔详解〕【考纲解读】名词性从句是复合句的一种，前几年高考主要考察宾语从句中用陈述语序以及连接词的选择等问题；近几年对名词性从句的考察趋于复杂灵活，往往把它与定语从句和状语从句的知识点放在一起考察，对名词性从句的考察主要有语序问题、时态的照应问题和连接词的选择。

2021年全国卷及地方卷对名词性从句的考察占了较大比例，有18道考察到该局部，2021年考察的比例更大，有20道题考察了名词性从句的用法，可见对名词性从句的重视程度。

笔者认为，在单项选择题中，近几年题干语境越来越丰富，句子构造也越来越复杂，其中名是因为能否分析复杂句子构造是掌握英语语言的重要能力之一，所以我们可以断言，以后的高考题对名词性从句的考察还会倍加青睐。

【知识要点】一、在句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

如：Whether he will come here or not is unimportant to me.〔主语从句〕I don’t know what he means.〔宾语从句〕I’m glad that you a re here.〔宾语从句用在形容词之后〕The teacher is satisfied with what you have done.〔介词宾语从句〕That was because he was ill.〔表语从句〕The news that he got killed in the race surprised us all.〔同位语从句〕二、引导名词性从句的连接词连接词词义功能that 无词义不作成分，只起连接作用whether/if 是否不作成分，起连接作用what,which 什么，哪个作主语、宾语、表语who,whom,whose 谁，谁的作主语、宾语、定语when,where,how,why 什么时候/地方，怎么样，为作状语什么how many/much 多少作定语how soon/often/long/much 多久，多久一次，多长，多作状语么... ... 词义及功能同疑问词whatever=anything that 无论什么作主语、宾语、表语、定语whosever=anyone whose 无论谁的作主语、宾语、定语、表语whichever=anything that 无论哪个作宾语、定语、主语、表语whoever=anyone who 无论谁作主语whomever=anyone whom 无论谁作宾语引导的从句如果作介词宾语只可用在except，in，but，besides等少数介词后。

语法对点讲练五名词性从句名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，能在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。

因此名词性从句又分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

引导词归类：类别功能引导词从属连词只起连接作用，不充当句子成分that, whether, if连接代词起连接作用，并充当主语、宾语、表语或定语who, whom, whose, which, what,whatever, whichever, whoever连接副词起连接作用，并充当从句状语when, where, how, why一、主语从句学问点讲解1．主语从句的一般结构①主语从句一般放于主句谓语动词前，构成：主语从句＋谓语动词＋其他。

2．it作形式主语的主语从句②It＋be/become(s)＋形容词/名词/过去分词＋主语从句。

It is clear that the whale is not a fish.③It seems/appears等动词＋that从句。

It happens that he can understand a little about the language.④It remains to be＋过去分词＋主语从句。

⑤It doesn't matter＋how/whether从句。

It doesn't matter whether he is wrong or not.⑥主语从句毁灭在感叹句中。

What a pity it is that you cannot stay for dinner.特殊提示⑦用来表示惊异、怀疑、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，主语从句谓语动词用(should＋) do形式。

常用句型有：It is necessary/important/natural/strange等＋that从句It is suggested/requested/proposed/desired等＋that从句对点训练完成下列小题，并指出考查上述哪个学问点(①～⑦)第一组单项填空1．(2021·北京卷)________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.A. ThatB. WhatC. WhoD. Which答案__B__ 学问点__①__解析句意：使这本书与众不同的是作者具有制造性的想象力。

【优化方案】2021届高三英语一轮专项复习第二部分语法考点突破第九讲名词性从句典题精炼能力提升新人教版Ⅰ.单句填空用适当的引导词把句子补充完整。

1．Many people are asking ________ traditional research universities in fact have any future at all.答案：whether2．________ this new rule is applicable to everyone is obvious.答案：That3．The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy ________ had once been affordable only to the very rich.答案：what4．It is my hope ________ everyone in my class should correct their mistakes before handing the paper in.答案：that5．Nowadays many rural people flock to the city for jobs on the assumption ________ the streets there are paved with gold.答案：that6．My boss has failed me so many times that I no longer believe in ________ he promises.答案：whatever7．________ the survival of historic interests is under threat is known to us all.答案：That8．The reason ________ so many children like to eat this new brand of biscuit is that it is particularly sweet.答案：why9．________ important it is to combat pollution in the process of indus trialization doesn’t mention at all in the article.答案：How10．We are concerned about ________ she can finish it ahead of time.答案：whetherⅡ.语篇填空用适当的连接词完成下列短文。

名词性从句专题演练一1．Modern science has given clear evidence ________ smoking can lead to many diseases.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where[解析]本题考查同位语从句的引导词。

从句结构完整，并且对evidence 的内容起到了补充说明的作用，故应用that 引导该从句。

句意：现代科学提供了明确的证据表明吸烟能导致很多疾病。

[答案]C2．His writing is so confusing that it's difficult to make out ________ it is he is trying to express.A. thatB. howC. whoD. what[解析]本题考查名词性从句。

句意：他的书写得这么乱，很难弄明白他想要表达什么。

what 引导宾语从句，并在从句中作表语。

[答案]D3．The villagers have already known ________ we'll do is to rebuild the bridge.A. thisB. thatC. whatD. which[解析]本题考查名词性从句。

句意：村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建桥梁。

know 后面跟宾语从句，从句中缺少do 的宾语，表示“做……的事”，故用what 引导宾语从句。

this 不引导从句；that 引导宾语从句时不作成分；which 引导宾语从句时有疑问的意思，意为“哪一个”。

[答案]C4．Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ________ the problem itself is.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. why[解析]本题考查名词性从句的引导词。

句意：在一个问题被解决之前，必须弄清问题本身所在。

名词性从句精讲精练一、识别从句1. What I want to do is taking a bath. 2. I don’t think he is an honest boy.3. The fact is that he stole the car.4. It is said that they won the game.5. Do you know the man who is standing over there?二.名词性从句包括：1.That he will come is certain. 2.I know that he will come.3. The truth is that I have been there.4. The fact that she was late surprised us.三. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that, whether, if; as if（好像；似乎）; as though (不做成分）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 成份______________________连接副词：when, where, how, why; whenever; wherever_____________________________考点：1.that 和what 的区别1.________he wants is a book.2._____he doesn’t like me is none of your busi ness.3.The result is _____ he won the game.2.其它连接代词和副词的连用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、what, which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。

Noun Clauses（名词性从句）学习目标：（Learning Aims）1、通过学习，学生能够了解名词性从句的特征；2、学生能够掌握引导名词性从句的连接词的含义，并在不同语境中选择合适的连接词；3、学生能够区分名词性从句和定语从句。

Ⅰ. Discovering useful structures:请将每句中的名词性从句标上下划线，并标出连接词、体会从句所做的成分、语序、时态。

1. That fashion differs from country to country mayreflect the cultural differences from one aspect.2. It has been proved that eating vegetables in childhoodhelps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.3. What matters most in learning English is enoughpractice.4. To improve the quality of our products, weasked for suggestions whoever had used theproducts.5. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got anyidea where the party is to be held?6. We don’t know whose keys those are.7. I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which iswhy he never finish es anything.8. He is wondering when he can finish thisdifficult job.9. When do you think he will come?10. It doesn’t matter whether you turn right orleft at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.11. The teacher asked if / whether we hadfinished the experiment.12. Scientists study how human brains work tomake computers.自我归纳：（S umming-up）1. 名词性从句是指：在复合句中起_________作用的从句叫做名词性从句。

语法专题二：名词性从句1. 名词性从句的基本概念：1) 主语从句：在句中充当主语；亦可用it作形式主语，主语从句置于句末。

2) 宾语从句：在句中充当及物动词或介词的宾语；亦可用it作形式宾语，宾语从句置于句末。

3) 表语从句：在句中充当系动词的表语。

4) 同位语从句：常置于fact, idea, news, promise, doubt, suggestion, possibility, belief等表示有内容的名词后，起解释、说明作用。

2. 注意：1) 名词性从句要用陈述句语序。

2) 名词性从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语时：常用what 导，亦可用which表示选择，用who/whom/whoever指人。

缺少状语：用where（表地点）, when（表时间）, how（表方式）, why（表原因）。

3) 如不缺成份：主语从句、同位语从句用that引导，不能省略；表从、单个动词宾从可省略引导词that；介词宾从、第二个宾从，引导词that一般不省略；it作形式主语或宾语时，引导实际主从或宾从，一般that不省略；当主从、宾从本身为复合句时，引导词that不省略。

如：He told us sadly that what he had done secretly was dis covered by his parents.4) 含宾从的复合句中，主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。

5) 主语从句做主语，谓语动词用单数；如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。

6) 当主句是I/We think（或suppose, expect, believe, imagine, guess）时，其后的宾语从句如果是否定的，常常把否定词not从从句中移到主句中。

7) 只能用whether，不能用if表示“是否”的情况如下：(1) 在表语从句和同位语从句中；(2) 在主语从句中，如果用it做形式主语，whether和if都能引导主语从句，否则，只能用whether(3) 在介词之后；(4) 后面直接跟动词不定式；(5) 与or not连用；(6) 引导让步状语从句，只能用whether。