many ATP molecules: energy. Hydrolysis breaks the bonds in ATP, thus
releasing energy. Used for muscular contractions, enzyme
activity, etc.
How is energy produced?
第九章
糖代谢
Metabolism of Carbohydrates
•糖的化学
(一)糖的概念
糖(carbohydrates)即碳水化合物,其化 学本质为多羟醛或多羟酮类及其衍生物或多 聚物。
(二)糖的分类及其结构
根据其水解产物的情况,糖主要可分为 以下四大类。
单糖 (monosacchride) 寡糖 (oligosacchride) 多糖 (polysacchride) 结合糖 (glycoconjugate)
Three stages: 1. Carbohydrates , fats and proteins are
broken down during digestion and absorption into smaller units: AA’s monosaccharides and fatty acids. 2. These smaller compounds are further broken down into 2-carbon compounds. 3. Compounds are degraded into CO2 and H20.
ubiquitous
liver, pancreas, glucose (low
intestine, kidney affinity); fructose;