初中宾语从句讲解与练习

注意！宾语从句小口诀：

宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；

主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；

主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；

陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,

特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。

一、基本讲解

1 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。

eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)

He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语)

Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)

二、引导词

★ 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外。

a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if 引导词 引导词的作用 例句

that 本身无意义，只起连接作用，口语中可省略。 He said (that) Kate was

good at swimming.

what，which，who，whose，whom等连接代词 在从句中作一定的成分，如主语、宾语、定语等。 I don’t know what they

are going to do.

He asked me whose the

book is.

when，where，why，how等连接副词 在从句中作状语 Could you tell me where

you are from?

Do you know how they

found the place?

if/whether 意为“是否”，不作句子成分，但不能省略。 He asked me if Miss Gao

is a teacher. 宾语从句 eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.

b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时， 只用whether.

eg, Please let me know what to do next.

Could you tell me whether u go or not?

c. if当如果讲时， 引导的是条件状语从句， 这时不能用whether.

1. I can’t remember ____ I put the book, and I need it for my homework now.

A where B how C what D why

2. I still remember the park ______ we first visit.

A that B which C where D when

3. I don’t know if he ______ tomorrow. If he _____, I’ll meet him.

A comes; comes B will come; comes C will come; will come D comes; will come

4. ---I’m waiting for the mail. Do you know ________ it will arrive?

---Usually it comes by 4: 00.

A. how B. where C. when D. what

5. Do you know ________ I could pass the exam?

A. that B. whether C. what D. which

6. ---Could you tell me ______ she is looking for?

A. that B. whose C. who D. which

7. I want to know ________ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow.

A. that B. when C. where D. whether

8. It’s up to you to decide _______ you’ll go there, by air or by road.

A. how B. why C. that D. when

一、 主句与从句时态一致的问题

（1）如果主句时现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：

 I remember he gave me a book yesterday.

 He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow.

（2）如果主句时过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。如：

 He told me that he would take part in the high jump.

 He asked me if I had taken his soap.

（3）如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。如：

 He told me that the earth is round.

 He said that Yao Ming is much taller than him.

过手训练

1. ---Could you tell me _________ last night?

---Er, I was watching Euro 2004 at home. A. what you were doing B. what were you doing

C. what you are doing D. what are you doing

2. The teacher told us the moon _______ round the earth.

A. moved B. moves C. is moving D. was moving

3. My mother told me _______ anymore when it was late.

A. don’t write B. not write C. not to write D. didn’t write

二、 宾语从句的语序

宾语从句的语序要用陈述句的语序。在把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时，要特别注意从句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。如：

 What’s Kate’s e-mail address? Do you know?

=Do you know what Kate’s e-mail address is?

过手训练

4. We want to know _____ to help them.

A what can we do B what we can do C how can we do D how we can do

5. ---Excuse me. Could you please tell me _____?

----Sure. There’s a bookstore on River Road.

A where can I get a dictionary B where could I get a dictionary

C where I could get a dictionary D where I can get a dictionary

6. ---I don’t know ______.

----You can go and ask Jack.

A when does the train leave B that we will plant trees or not

C if she had come yesterday D what I should buy for him

7. The teacher asked us _____.

A when did I finish my work B why didn’t we tell him about it earlier

C what we were interested in D where we are going to have our lunch

8. The policeman asked the boy______.

A where is his mother B where his mother is

C where was his mother D where his mother was

9. Lily’s mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _____.

A what Lily was B what was Lily C where Lily was D where was Lily

10. ----Could you tell me _____?

----Yes, it will start at ten.

A when will the meeting begin B when the meeting will begin

C where the meeting begins D where does the meeting begin

11. ----I hear we’ll have a new foreign teacher soon. Do you know when _____?

----Sorry, I have no idea.

A he will come B will he come C is he coming D he was coming

12. Could you please tell me ______? I want to buy some books.

A where is the bookshop B where the bookshop is

C how can I get to the cinema D how I can get to the cinema