Adverbial Clause状语从句

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一、时间状语从句 二、条件状语从句 三、比较状语从句 四、结果状语从句 五、原因状语从句 六、目的状语从句 七、让步状语从句 八、地点状语从句 九、方式状语从句
when, while, before, after, until, since if, unless, as long as as…as, not as/so…as…, …than… so…that…, such…that… Because, as, for so that even if/though, though/although where/wherever as if , as though
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1) When she came in, I stopped eating. (瞬时动词) 2) When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.（延续性的动词） 3) We were about to leave when he came in. (瞬时 动词)
3) To help my disabled aunt, I spend an hour working in her house every day. ( )
4) Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted. ( ) 5) I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .
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till 和until 一般情况下两者可以互换 注意：如主句谓语是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式； 强调句型中多用until。
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I’ll stay here until you come back. You must remain here until I come back.
延续性动词
She didn’t go to bed until she finished her homework.
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till 或 until •They walked till /until it was dark. •Xiao Ming didn't leave home till / until his father came back. 1) I didn't go to bed until（till） my father came back. 2) It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English. 3) I worked until he came back. 4) I didn't work until he came back. 5) Please wait until I arrived.
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1 Time Clauses
课堂导入： 每当我哥哥生病的时候，他都只吃水果。 Whenever my brother had a cold, he only ate fruit. Whenever my brother had a cold 在句子中充当状语 成分用来修饰主句动词 ate 发生的时间。
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1)
While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading 是延续性的动词，was reading 和was watching 同时发生)
2)
I like playing football while you like playing basketball. （对比）
eg: He smiled as he stood up.
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• when, while 和 as 的区别 • when 从句表示某时刻或一段时间—延v／瞬v • as从句表示进展过程—延v • while只表示一段时间—延v 1) When he left the house, I was sitting in the garden. 2) While he was in London, he studied music. 3) As he grew older, he became more intelligent.
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1) We always sing as we walk. （as 表示“一边……一边”） 2) As we was going out, it began to snow. （as 强调两个动作紧接着发生，）
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4.
after 在……之后
eg: He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day. 5. before 在……之前
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• 7. since 自……以来到现在 • 表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间。 主句：现在完成时，从句用：过去时。 • eg: Mr Green has taught in that school since he came to China
three years ago. it is +时间+since It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. It is five years since we met last time. it was +时间+before It was a long time before I went to sleep again.
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2. 由 each time, every time 和 whenever 引导 1) Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me. 2) Whenever that man says “To tell the truth”, I suspect that he's about to tell a lie. 3) You grow younger every time I see you.
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说明主句动作或状态发生、存在的时间 常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until，by the time 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant,immediately, directly, no sooner… than, hardly… when,.. , scarcely … when
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例句 ： 1) I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. 2) While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. 3) The children ran away from the orchard the moment they saw the guard. 4) No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain. 5) Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. 要点:在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。主将从现。 I’ll tell him the news as soon as I see him. when，as soon as，before，by the time
主句需部分倒装
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1. 由 as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute 等引导 这些连词都表示“一……就”。 1) I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast. 2) The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot. 3) As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. 注意: hardly (scarcely, rarely)…when / before, no sooner…than 相当于as soon as 之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去 时。
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•9.
by the time 到……为止 (所在句子的主句应用完成时)
•eg: By the time he gets there, his father has already gone. • By the time I got to school, the class had already begun. • By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work.
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1) He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 2) He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder. 当hardly, scarcely, rarely 和no sooner 位于句 首，主句应用倒装语序 3) Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in. 4) No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work.