商务英语阅读教程 2003

2003 Text 3In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other,merging into super systems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly. As recently as 1995, the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails. Next year, after a series of merger s is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.Supporters of the new super systems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reduction s and better coordinate d service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks.But many shipper s complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company. Railroads typically charge such "captive" shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government's Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduce s everyone's cost. If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line. It's theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail. "Do we really want railroads to be the arbiter s of who winsand who loses in the marketplace?" asks Martin Bercovici, a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shipper.Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be his with a round of huge rate increases. The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortune s, still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic. Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another, with Wall Street cheering them on. Consider the $10.2 billion bid by Norfolk Southern and CSX to acquire Conrail this year. Conrail's net railway operating income in 1996 was just $427 million, less than half of the carrying costs of the transaction. Who's going to pay for the rest of the bill? Many captive shippers fear that they will, as Norfolk Southern and CSX increase their grip on the market.51. According to those who support mergers railway monopoly is unlikely because ________.[A] cost reduction is based on competition[B] services call for cross-trade coordination[C] outside competitor s will continue to exist[D] shippers will have the railway by the throat52. What is many captive shippers' attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry?[A] Indifferent.[B] Supportive.[C] Indignant.[D] Apprehensive.53. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that ________.[A] shippers will be charged less without a rival railroad[B] there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide[C] overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief[D] a government board ensures fair play in railway business54. The word "arbiters" (line 7, paragraph 4) most probably refers to those ________.[A] who work as coordinator s[B] who function as judges[C] who supervise transactions[D] who determine the price55. According to the text, the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused by ________.[A] the continuing acquisition[B] the growing traffic[C] the cheering Wall Street[D] the shrinking market重点词汇：merge /mE:dV/（v.合并）比emerge（v.出现；形成）少首字母e，merger/5mE:dVE/（n.合并）←merge+r名词后缀。

《《新编商务英语阅读教程》(第二版)练习参考答案》来自南京廖华在线阅读本文：《新编商务英语阅读教程》(第二版)练习参考答案《新编商务英语阅读教程》（第二版）练习参考答案Unit OneI.1. 资产C2. 边际变动E3. 市场势力I4. 劳动生产力（率）J5. 经济学A6. 市场失灵G7. 市场经济F8. 机会成本D9. 通货膨胀K10. 外部性H11. 效率B12. 菲利普斯曲线LII.Passage One经济学的研究主要分为两部分：宏观经济学与微观经济学。

宏观经济学着眼于经济全局——一幅宏观的画面。

在宏观经济学中，我们研究国家的政策目标，例如充分就业、抑制通货膨胀、经济增长等，而不考虑个人或者单个团体的利益和行为。

对宏观经济学的关注是为了从总体上认识并改善经济的运行。

微观经济学则关注宏观画面中的细节。

在微观经济学中，我们着眼于实际构成宏观经济的个人、厂商和政府机构。

我们感兴趣的是这些独立经济单位的行为。

他们的目标何在？以有限资源实现目标的途径是什么？如何对各种激励和机会做出反应？宏观经济学主要关注，例如，总消费性支出对总产出、就业及物价的影响。

很少关注消费性支出及其决定因素的实际内涵。

相反，微观经济学关注的是个体消费者具体的支出决策及其影响因素（爱好、物价水平、收入状况）。

宏、微观经济学的区别还反映在关于企业投资的讨论中。

宏观经济学中，我们需要了解决定企业总投资率的因素以及这些投资对一国的总产出、就业及物价水平产生影响的路径。

而微观经济学中，我们关注的是各家企业关于生产率、生产要素的抉择以及具体物品的定价决策。

了解宏、微观经济学的区别并非难事。

在现实社会，宏观经济的表现有赖于微观行为，而微观行为又受宏观经济表现的影响。

因此，人们只有了解了所有经济活动的参与者的行为方式及其成因，才能充分了解整个经济的运作方式。

但是，就如你会开车而不懂发动机的构造原理那样，你能观察到经济运行方式但并不能完全解开其中奥秘。

商务英语阅读教程3Business English Reading Course 3Unit 1: Sustainable Business PracticesIn today's global business landscape, sustainable business practices have become increasingly important. With growing environmental concerns and a greater emphasis on corporate social responsibility, companies are recognizing the need to adopt sustainable strategies. In this unit, we will explore some key concepts and examples of sustainable business practices.1. Definition of Sustainable Business PracticesSustainable business practices refer to strategies and actions taken by companies to minimize their negative impact on the environment and society, while also maximizing their long-term profitability. These practices aim to balance economic growth with social and environmental responsibility.2. Benefits of Sustainable Business PracticesBusinesses that adopt sustainable practices can enjoy several benefits. Firstly, they can enhance their reputation and brand image, as consumers are increasingly favoring companies that are environmentally and socially responsible. Secondly, sustainable practices can lead to cost savings through energy efficiency and waste reduction. Finally, these practices can help businesses comply with environmental regulations and mitigate the risk of legal issues.3. Examples of Sustainable Business Practicesa) Renewable Energy: Many companies are investing in renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power to reduce their reliance on fossil fuels. By generating their own clean energy, they can lower their carbon footprint and decrease their energy costs.b) Waste Management: Implementing effective waste management systems can help companies reduce their environmental impact. This includes recycling, composting, and responsibly disposing of waste materials. Some companies even turn waste into a resource through initiatives like upcycling or converting it into biofuel.c) Supply Chain Management: Sustainable businesses prioritize suppliers who follow ethical and sustainable practices. Through careful selection and regular monitoring, they ensure that their supply chain is free from unethical labor practices or unsustainable sourcing. This enables businesses to minimize their social and environmental impact throughout their entire value chain.d) Stakeholder Engagement: Companies engage with their stakeholders, including employees, customers, and local communities, to foster positive relationships and address their concerns. This can involve community outreach programs, collaborative partnerships, and open dialogue to gain valuable feedback and ensure a sustainable business model.4. Case Study: PatagoniaPatagonia, an outdoor clothing and gear company, is renowned for its commitment to sustainability. They have implemented various sustainable business practices, including:- Product Lifecycle: Patagonia encourages customers to repair their items instead of buying new ones through their "Worn Wear" initiative. They also provide free repair guides to extend the lifecycle of their products.- Transparency: Patagonia publishes information about their supply chain, including the factories where their garments are produced. This allows customers to make informed decisions about their purchases.- Environmental Activism: The company actively supports environmental causes and campaigns for the protection of natural resources. They donate a portion of their sales to grassroots environmental organizations.Through these actions, Patagonia has built a strong brand image as a socially and environmentally responsible company, attracting customers who align with their values and commitment to sustainability.Overall, sustainable business practices are not only beneficial for the environment and society but also contribute to a company's long-term success. As companies increasingly recognize the importance of sustainability, incorporating these practices into their operations will become crucial for their competitiveness and growth.。

1 All organizations create products for customers. Thus all organizations have a number of similarities that relate to the activities necessary to create goods and services. It is the role of production and operation management to acquire the necessary resources to create that product, to plan the specific steps through which those resources must pass to become a finished product and to make sure the product conforms to the standards of appearance, performance and reliability. conform, 使一致，使遵守
D. international trade _______________________
1-1
Unit Introduction
8. tell you exactly what you need to do to meet the ISO 9001∶2000 Quality Management Standard.
1-1
Unit Introduction
Check that you understand the following
professional words or expressions. Most of them are common when they are introduced in general English. But they would have particular meanings when they are used to describe production and operation

2003年考研英语阅读第二篇The second passage in the 2003 postgraduate entrance exam for English reading comprehension test discusses the impactof globalization on traditional cultures. The passage argues that while globalization has brought about economic development and technological advancements, it has also threatened the survival of traditional cultures.Globalization is seen as a force that homogenizes cultures, leading to the loss of unique traditions, languages, and customs. As local economies become integrated into the global market, traditional industries and practices are often replaced by modern, standardized methods. This can result in the marginalization of indigenous communities and the erosion of their cultural identities.Moreover, the spread of Western consumer culture through globalization has led to the dominance of Western values andlifestyles at the expense of local traditions. This has been particularly evident in the entertainment industry, where Hollywood movies and Western music have become more popular than local cultural productions.The passage also highlights the role of technology in accelerating the impact of globalization on traditional cultures. The Internet and social media platforms have facilitated the dissemination of Western media and ideas, further influencing the cultural preferences of people around the world. As a result, many traditional practices andbeliefs are at risk of being lost or forgotten.In conclusion, the passage suggests that while globalization has created opportunities for economic growth and technological progress, it has also posed challenges to the preservation of traditional cultures. It calls for greater efforts to protect and celebrate the diversity of global cultures in the face of increasing homogenization.。

Words and Expressions
empower v. to give sb. the power or authority to do sth. 授权 (CET-6)
The courts were empowered to impose the death sentence for certain crimes.
Words and Expressions
candid adj. saying what you think openly and honestly; not hiding your thoughts 坦率的；坦诚的 (TEM-8)
Natalie is candid about the problems she is having with Steve.
Learning Objectives
1
Explore the features of a good manager.
2 Understand how managers exert influence on their employees.
3
Explore the enlightened approach to developing the workforce
The process can be painful but it leads to greater selfawareness.
Words and Expressions
hallmark n. a feature or quality that is typical of sb./sth. 特征；特点 (TEM-8)
Words and Expressions
hijack v. to take over sth. and use it for a different purpose 强行接管（而移作他用）(CET-4) The organization had been hijacked by extremists.

Unit 1Text A1. 经过数月在网上搜寻并研究西北大学和仔细询问到访过西北大学的朋友、老师和咨询顾问,玛克辛最终希望自己能被西北大学录取。

2. 对于像玛克辛一样正在申请秋季入学的学生来说,他们会沮丧地发现这一梦想难以实现。

考入一所知名院校的机会从未如此渺茫。

3. 但是招生主管们已经开始担忧申请者数量缩减的问题,尤其是为数不多的每年有能力支付4 万美金费用的那部分申请者。

Text B1. 20 世纪80 年代和90 年代初期,私立中学的毕业生一生的预期收入比公立中学的普通毕业生多35%,研究人员发现这其中大约一半可以归因于他们所接受的教育,而非他们的背景。

2. 研究人员也尽量精确地描述私立中学施展魔力的办法:凭借更优秀的考试成绩,而不是凭借关系网带来的各种机会或者质量更高的诸如礼仪或领导方法等软技巧的教学。

3. 一位知情人士认为如下的操作不太可能:许多父母通过再抵押贷款来支付学费,但由于不稳定的房价和银行日益紧缩的信贷条件,这条路很快就走不通了。

Unit 2Text A1. 随着金砖四国(巴西、俄罗斯、印度和中国)以及其他新兴市场的经济影响力和自信不断增强,发展重点方面的差异一定会变得越来越重要。

2. 非政府组织试图提高贫困人民的生活水平,公司则渴望赢得具有巨大增长潜力的市场中的消费者,非政府组织和公司之间存在着利益趋同现象。

3. 要签署加入《联合国全球契约》,公司只需承诺履行十大主要准则，例如提高环保的责任意识,反对腐败,并且每年汇报一次他们所取得的进展。

Text B1. 在为数不多的出类拔萃、堪称日本企业典范的跨国公司中，索尼一直居于领导者的地位，从特丽珑电视到索尼随身听，这些产品的成功代表了电子消费品的品质，但这个品牌正随着过去成功势头的消退而日渐衰落。

2. 出井伸之提前一年离职的决定表明公司可能比预想的还要糟糕，而他定下的 2007 年利润恢复至 10%的目标更是遥不可及。

3. 年复一年，扩张造成了行动缓慢的大型化趋向，并且索尼公司也成了日本企业界停滞不前的案例。

myopic (para. 6) adj. unwilling or unable to think about the future, especially about the possible results of a particular action - used in order to show disapproval 近视的，目光短浅 的
Armed with long-term metrics, firms and analysts can assume a longer-term perspective on the brand, leading to improved profitability.
Short-term decreases reflect the time it takes for consumers to acclimate to the price changes and respond to the advertising. Without long-term brand-health measures, the analyst may have come to a misleading conclusion about the value of the brand.
real-time (para. 6) adj. technical a real-time computer system deals with information as fast as it receives it 〔某个过程或事件发生的〕实际 时间，实时
Do you agree that a short-term orientation may erode a brand’s ability to compete in the marketplace? Why (or why not)?

the impact of U.S. trade policy with developing countries? Are they valid? Why (not)?
Read for Gist
According to the text, what revitalized trade policy may lead to a stronger U.S. economy?
sluggish economy _____________ trade deficit ____________ industrialized countries __________ international
specialization_________ trade surplus ____________
Phrase Translation
Give the Chinese equivalents to the following English terms.
full employment _____________ in-depth analysis _____________ free-trade agreement ___________ product differentiation________ determinative factor ____________
Why is freer trade rather than protectionism a better option for world economic growth?
Vocabulary Preview
Scan the text again and write down the key terms related to the topic.

Unit 1 EducationPart I Pre-reading Questionscation is generally defined as the process of learning and acquiring information. Formal learning in a school or university is one of the most common types. It is generally classified into three types: school education, family education and social education.cation plays an important role in our lives, the function of which includes cultivating high-quality and knowledgeable talents, providing work-force for the development of economy and creating scientific knowledge for our nation.3.It hasn’t realized the elimination of social inequality. Because of realistic and historical reasons, there still exists unfairness in the area of education. Take China for example, the deficiency of educational investment is a prominent problem. Some children in poor areas can’t be equally educated compared with the children in cities.Part II Extensive ReadingText A Getting In Gets Harder1.主旨归纳：The article begins with the story that the student named Maxine fails to apply to Northwestern University, and then the article indicates the situation where the number of applications is increasing in recent years, so universities become selective. Maxine decides to apply to other universities after being rejected from Northwestern University.2.结构分析Part I The introduction: the experience of Maxine Wally who gets rejected from Northwestern University (Para. 1)Part II The body: the difficult situation where the number of applications begins to increase, which makes universities more selective (Paras. 2-7)Part III The conclusion: Universities take measures to confront the overflowing applications. (Paras. 8-10)3. 难句解析(1) For students like Maxine who are applying to college for next fall, that dream is turning out to be frustratingly unobtainable. (Para. 2)如今有很多像玛克辛一样正在申请秋季入学的学生，他们感受到这样的梦想遥不可及，希望非常渺茫。

Unit 2 Multinational CorporationPart I Pre-reading Questions1.Multinational corporations are business entities that operate in more than one country. One typical function is located in one country, while other facilities are located in other countries. In some circles, this type of corporation refers to a multinational enterprise or a transnational corporation.2. Multinational corporations have many branches at home and abroad, and their strategic objectives are oriented to the international market, aiming at maximizing global profits and controlling foreign companies through holdings.3. Corporate social responsibility refers to the responsibility for consumers, the community and the environment while creating profits for shareholders and the staff. The social responsibility of the enterprise requires taking the profit as the goal, emphasizing the concern of the human value in the production process and the contribution to the environment, consumers and society.Part II Extensive ReadingText A Going Global1.主旨归纳：The function of CSR has become more and more important in the world. Manycompanies begin to focus on the establishment of CSR. We are aware of the significance that CSR takes a part in obtaining certification and establishing the brand of a corporation. CSR will continue to expand across the globe if the market remains to open up.2.结构分析Part I The rich countries like Britain, America and Japan focus on different aspects of CSR. (Paras. 1-2)Part II The lead on CSR shifts from the rich world to the big emerging markets. (Paras. 3-13)A.India wants to improve basic services like schools and health care.B.China begins to redefine CSR to gain acceptability and build the brand.C.NGOs make great efforts to manage their reputation.Part III The conclusion: CSR has influenced the emerging countries, which will continue if markets stay open. (Paras. 14-18)3. 难句解析(1) Such differences in priorities are bound to grow in importance as the BRIC countries — Brazil, Russia, India and China — and other emerging markets gain in economic clout and confidence. (Para. 3)随着金砖四国（巴西、俄罗斯、印度和中国）以及其他新兴市场的经济影响力和自信的不断增强，发展优先性方面的差异一定会变得越来越重要。

将商务阅读技巧应用到实际工 作场景中，解决实际问题。
商务阅读的注意事项
掌握商务阅读中的常见错误和 注意事项，避免误解和误判。
结束语
总结商务阅读的重要性，鼓励学生多阅读商务文献，展示商务阅读的实际效果。
《商务英语阅读》PPT课 件
商务英语阅读PPT课件是为了帮助学生掌握商务阅读的基础知识和技巧，并将 其应用到实际商务场景中。本课件分为四个部分，逐步引导学生提升商务阅 读能力。
商务阅读基础
定义
商务阅读是指理解和应用商务文献的能力，包括报告、合同、信函等。
重要性
商务阅读是进阅读的应用
1
商务报告的阅读技巧
学习解读和分析商务报告，提炼关键信息，做出正确决策。
2
商务合同的阅读技巧
掌握读懂商务合同并理解其中的条款和要求的技巧。
3
商务信函的阅读技巧
学会解读商务信函，了解其中的含义和目的。
商务阅读实战
商务阅读实例分析
通过实际案例分析，深入理解 商务阅读的应用。
商务阅读的实战应用
目的和方法
商务阅读的目的是获取准确的信息，以支持决策和解决问题。方法包括快速阅读、针对性阅 读和全面理解。
商务阅读的技巧
快速阅读技巧
掌握筛选关键信息和重点内 容的技巧，提高阅读效率。
针对性阅读技巧
根据具体需求，有针对性地 阅读文献，获取所需信息。
全面理解技巧
通过分析、归纳和总结，深 入理解商务文献的内容。

2003年 Text 1Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever too ls came to hand in the “great game” of espionage ——spying as a “profession.” These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan’s vocation as well.如果Wild Bill Donovan 当时有互联网的话他肯定会喜欢网络的。

这位美国间谍大王对情报格外着迷，他曾经在第二次世界大战时建立了战略服务办公室，后来又为中央情报局的成立打下了基础。

Donovan 相信，在谍报的“伟大游戏”当中，即间谍这一“职业”当中，可以使用任何可利用的手段。

如今，互联网已经改变了像买书和寄信这样的日常活动，也正在改变Donovan曾经从事的这个职业。

注：其实espionage 和 spying是一个意思，spying是对espionage的解释，espionage主要用于政府军事公司团体，相对正式些，可以翻译成“谍报”；spying是普通用法，主要指公司或个人，所以可以译为“间谍”，“密探”均可。

The latest revolution isn’t simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen’s e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years, the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying. The spooks call it “open-source intelligence,” and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open Source Solutions, whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world.最近的这次革命性的改变不仅仅是一个人偷看他人电子邮件的问题，这样的电子间谍活动已经存在了数十年。

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Words & Expressions
sophisticated adj. a sophisticated machine, system, method etc is very cleverly designed and very advanced and often works in a complicated way （机器、系统、方法等）精密的；高级的，尖端的；复杂的 It includes a sophisticated plug-in solution that turns it into a true development platform. 它包含成熟的插件解决ybees use one of the most sophisticated communication systems of any insect. 蜜蜂所使用的交流系统是昆虫中最复杂的之一。
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Words & Expressions
surpass vt. to be better or greater than someone or something 超过；胜过 The unemployment rate will probably surpass 10 percent this year and remain above 9 percent well into next year. 失业率将有可能在今年超过10%，并在明年保持在9%以上。 There the people-made pollutants increasingly surpass the ability of air and water to dilute the contaminants to safe levels. 在那里，人为的污染物质日益超越了空气和水将污染物分解稀释到安全水平的能力。

Unit 1 EducationPart I Pre-reading Questionscation is generally defined as the process of learning and acquiring information. Formal learning in a school or university is one of the most common types. It is generally classified into three types: school education, family education and social education.cation plays an important role in our lives, the function of which includes cultivating high-quality and knowledgeable talents, providing work-force for the development of economy and creating scientific knowledge for our nation.3.It hasn’t realized the elimination of social inequality. Because of realistic and historical reasons, there still exists unfairness in the area of education. Take China for example, the deficiency of educational investment is a prominent problem. Some children in poor areas can’t be equally educated compared with the children in cities.Part II Extensive ReadingText A Getting In Gets Harder1.主旨归纳：The article begins with the story that the student named Maxine fails to apply to Northwestern University, and then the article indicates the situation where the number of applications is increasing in recent years, so universities become selective. Maxine decides to apply to other universities after being rejected from Northwestern University.2.结构分析Part I The introduction: the experience of Maxine Wally who gets rejected from Northwestern University (Para. 1)Part II The body: the difficult situation where the number of applications begins to increase, which makes universities more selective (Paras. 2-7)Part III The conclusion: Universities take measures to confront the overflowing applications. (Paras. 8-10)3. 难句解析(1) For students like Maxine who are applying to college for next fall, that dream is turning out to be frustratingly unobtainable. (Para. 2)如今有很多像玛克辛一样正在申请秋季入学的学生，他们感受到这样的梦想遥不可及，希望非常渺茫。

2003考研英语阅读理解第一篇（最新版）目录1.2003 年考研英语阅读理解第一篇概述2.文章主要内容3.核心单词及短语正文一、2003 年考研英语阅读理解第一篇概述2003 年考研英语阅读理解第一篇是一篇关于美国情报机构历史的文章。

文章通过讲述一位美国间谍大师——威廉·比尔·多诺万的故事，介绍了美国情报机构的发展历程。

二、文章主要内容文章主要分为两个部分，第一部分讲述了威廉·比尔·多诺万在二战期间建立战略服务办公室的过程，以及他在战后为中央情报局（CIA）奠定基础的贡献。

第二部分则探讨了多诺万对互联网的喜爱，以及互联网对情报收集的重要性。

三、核心单词及短语1.wild：形容词，意为“野生的，未驯服的”。

2.bill：名词，意为“账单，法案”。

3.donovan：名词，指人名“多诺万”。

4.would：助动词，表示对过去事情的假设或推测，意为“会”。

5.have：助动词，表示拥有，意为“有”。

6.loved：动词，意为“喜欢，热爱”。

7.the：定冠词，表示特指。

8.internet：名词，意为“互联网”。

9.american：形容词，意为“美国的”。

10.spymaster：名词，意为“间谍大师”。

11.built：动词，意为“建立”。

12.office：名词，意为“办公室”。

13.of：介词，表示所属关系。

14.strategic：形容词，意为“战略的”。

15.services：名词，意为“服务”。

16.in：介词，表示在某个时间或地点。

17.the：定冠词，表示特指。

18.world：名词，意为“世界”。

19.war：名词，意为“战争”。

id：动词，意为“奠定”。

21.roots：名词，意为“基础”。

22.for：介词，表示目的或原因。

23.cia：名词，指美国中央情报局。

24.was：动词，表示过去的状态或行为，意为“是”。

25.fascination：名词，意为“着迷”。

考研英语2003年第三篇阅读摘要：I.考研英语2003 年第三篇阅读的背景和重要性II.阅读理解文章的主要内容概述III.针对考研英语阅读的策略和方法IV.结论和建议正文：I.考研英语2003 年第三篇阅读的背景和重要性考研英语是很多中国大学生在追求更高学位的过程中必须面对的挑战。

2003 年的考研英语阅读理解第三篇阅读，对于当时的考生来说，无疑是一项重要的参考资料。

这篇文章的主题是关于铁路行业的合并，以及这种合并对货运公司产生的影响。

通过阅读这篇文章，考生可以了解到合并对市场的影响，以及如何应对这种影响。

II.阅读理解文章的主要内容概述这篇文章主要讨论了铁路行业的合并对货运公司产生的影响。

文章指出，铁路行业的合并使得货运公司面临着更高的运输成本和更少的运输选择。

这种情况下，货运公司需要采取应对措施，以降低运输成本，提高运输效率。

文章提出了几种可能的解决方案，例如，货运公司可以寻求与铁路公司达成合作，共同分享运输资源，或者货运公司可以采取其他运输方式，如航空运输，以避免铁路运输的局限。

III.针对考研英语阅读的策略和方法针对考研英语阅读，有以下几点策略和方法可以提高阅读效率和理解能力：1.提前预习：在阅读文章之前，先浏览题目，了解文章的大致内容和结构，这样在阅读时可以更有针对性地寻找答案。

2.划重点：在阅读过程中，划出关键词和句子，帮助理解和记忆。

3.多次阅读：对于难以理解的文章，可以尝试多次阅读，每次阅读都有不同的侧重，逐渐提高理解程度。

4.做笔记：在阅读过程中，记录下关键信息和自己的思考，有助于整理思路和回顾复习。

IV.结论和建议总之，考研英语阅读理解是考研英语的重要组成部分，需要认真对待。

通过针对性的策略和方法，可以提高阅读效率和理解能力，为考研英语取得好成绩奠定基础。