Unit 1(商务英语阅读教程1)
- 格式:ppt
- 大小:167.00 KB
- 文档页数:14
Business EnglishExtensive Reading (1)商务英语阅读(1)Ⅰ. Reading ComprehensionPart One : Directions: Choose the correct answers according to the information given from the passeges. Read the passages through carefully before making your choices. Please mark the corresponding leter for each item on Answer Sheet.Passage One: Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.The popularity in North America is Iceberg Water, a leading brand of bottled water, which is harvested from icebergs off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada.Arthur Wiesenberger, who carries the title Water Master, is one of the few water critics in North America.As a boy,he spent time in the larger cities of Italy,France and Switzerland, where bottled water is consumed daily.Even then,he kept a water journal,writing down the brands he liked best.“My dog could tell the difference between bottled and tap water,”he says.But is plain tap water a11 that bad? Not at a11.In fact, New York’s municipal water for more than 100 years was recently considered among the best in the world in terms of both taste and purity.Similarly,a magazine in England found that tap water tasted better than several leading brands of bottled water.Nevertheless,soft-drink companies view bottled water as the next battle-ground for market share.As diners thirst for leading brands, soft-drink companies and restaurants salivate(垂涎)over the profits.A restaurant’s typical mark-up on wine is 100 to 150 percent, whereas on bottled water it's often 300 to 500 percent.As a result some restaurants are selling bottled water.According to an article in The Wall Street Journal, some of the more shameless tactics include placing attractive bottles on the table for a visual sell,listing brands on the menu without prices,and pouring bottled water without even asking the diners if they want itRegardless of how it's sold,the popularity of bottled water bring us better health and purity. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡上作答。
Unit 1Teaching Objectives:1. To introduce the teaching contents and teaching plan;2. To have a general idea of the New International Style of Management;3. To be clear about the three main questions of business English reading;!4. To learn how to read business English passages effectively;5. To learn to recognize and use some of the related words and expressions.Focuses:1. To have a general idea of the New International Style of Management.2. To learn how to read business English passages effectively.~Difficulties:1. How to read business English passages effectively.2. How to remember business English words and expressions ASAP.Teaching Time:2 periods.Teaching Procedures:&Part I Pre-reading QuestionsIt can be used as lead-in questions. For students, they can discuss with each other and will have free answers.Part II Extensive ReadingIn this part, there are two texts and their relevant exercises. By reading the texts in limited time, Teacher helps students understand the contents and the reading methods to build reading abilities gradually.1. Read Text A The New International Style of Management and do exercises;"2. Read Text B New Thinking for successful Entrepreneurs and do exercises;3. Analyze the language points in the texts;4. Check the answers to Exercises.Part III Reading Skills: Introduce the Basic Information about Business English Reading.Use three questions to lead students to deal with this part:!1. Why should we do Business English Reading2. What does Business English Reading mainly deal with3. How can we do the Business English Reading effectivelyIf students can not answer the questions, ask them to read through the passages in Reading Skill to get the details of how to do Business English Reading.Part IV Supplementary Reading: New Thinking for a New Financial Order :For this part, ask students to finish it by reading first and summarizing it with no more than 50 words. Part V Test YourselfFor this part, ask students to finish it by themselves.Questions for Discussion and Reflection:1. Do you want to be a member of these multinational companies Why2. What are the differences between these multinational companies and the local companies in China Assignment:1. Review Unit 1, to remember the contents learned.2. Preview Unit 2, to find difficult points.References:《商务英语阅读教程Ⅰ教师用书》《牛津英汉双解词典》。
Unit 1Teaching Objectives:1. To introduce the teaching contents and teaching plan;2. To have a general idea of the New International Style of Management;3. To be clear about the three main questions of business English reading;4. To learn how to read business English passages effectively;5. To learn to recognize and use some of the related words and expressions.Focuses:!1. To have a general idea of the New International Style of Management.2. To learn how to read business English passages effectively.Difficulties:1. How to read business English passages effectively.2. How to remember business English words and expressions ASAP.Teaching Time:2 periods.Teaching Procedures:Part I Pre-reading Questions!It can be used as lead-in questions. For students, they can discuss with each other and will have free answers.Part II Extensive ReadingIn this part, there are two texts and their relevant exercises. By reading the texts in limited time, Teacher helps students understand the contents and the reading methods to build reading abilities gradually.1. Read Text A The New International Style of Management and do exercises;2. Read Text B New Thinking for successful Entrepreneurs and do exercises;3. Analyze the language points in the texts;4. Check the answers to Exercises.Part III Reading Skills: Introduce the Basic Information about Business English Reading.:Use three questions to lead students to deal with this part:1. Why should we do Business English Reading2. What does Business English Reading mainly deal with3. How can we do the Business English Reading effectivelyIf students can not answer the questions, ask them to read through the passages in Reading Skill to get the details of how to do Business English Reading.Part IV Supplementary Reading: New Thinking for a New Financial Order For this part, ask students to finish it by reading first and summarizing it with no more than 50 words. Part V Test Yourself.For this part, ask students to finish it by themselves.Questions for Discussion and Reflection:1. Do you want to be a member of these multinational companies Why2. What are the differences between these multinational companies and the local companies in ChinaAssignment:1. Review Unit 1, to remember the contents learned.2. Preview Unit 2, to find difficult points. References:《商务英语阅读教程Ⅰ教师用书》《牛津英汉双解词典》。
Unit 1 EducationPart I Pre-reading Questionscation is generally defined as the process of learning and acquiring information. Formal learning in a school or university is one of the most common types. It is generally classified into three types: school education, family education and social education.cation plays an important role in our lives, the function of which includes cultivating high-quality and knowledgeable talents, providing work-force for the development of economy and creating scientific knowledge for our nation.3.It hasn’t realized the elimination of social inequality. Because of realistic and historical reasons, there still exists unfairness in the area of education. Take China for example, the deficiency of educational investment is a prominent problem. Some children in poor areas can’t be equally educated compared with the children in cities.Part II Extensive ReadingText A Getting In Gets Harder1.主旨归纳:The article begins with the story that the student named Maxine fails to apply to Northwestern University, and then the article indicates the situation where the number of applications is increasing in recent years, so universities become selective. Maxine decides to apply to other universities after being rejected from Northwestern University.2.结构分析Part I The introduction: the experience of Maxine Wally who gets rejected from Northwestern University (Para. 1)Part II The body: the difficult situation where the number of applications begins to increase, which makes universities more selective (Paras. 2-7)Part III The conclusion: Universities take measures to confront the overflowing applications. (Paras. 8-10)3. 难句解析(1) For students like Maxine who are applying to college for next fall, that dream is turning out to be frustratingly unobtainable. (Para. 2)如今有很多像玛克辛一样正在申请秋季入学的学生,他们感受到这样的梦想遥不可及,希望非常渺茫。
参考译文Unit 1 参考译文国际商务的范围国际商务是指任何类型的跨国商务活动。
它可以分为4种类型: 对外贸易、服务贸易、有价证券投资和直接投资。
在对外贸易中,国与国之间从事有形货物或商品的进出口业务。
进出口贸易构成了世界上大多数国家最基本的国际商务活动。
除货物和商品进出口贸易外,国家之间还进行服务贸易,如保险、金融、饭店、咨询、旅游及运输。
跨国公司就因在别国提供服务而得到报酬。
国际有价证券投资指在别国进行的金融投资。
投资者购买企业股票和长期债券,无非是为了谋求投资回报。
有价证券投资者的目标不是控制一个企业,他们随时可按市场行情兑现他们所投的资金。
海外直接投资是指在国外建厂或建立销售网络。
投资者可购买外国公司现有的全部或部分资产,以控制或部分控制该公司的销售、生产、科研和发展。
从历史的角度来看,国际商务并非新鲜事物。
它已有上千年的历史,尽管其形式、方法及重要性在不断演变。
在古代,希腊人就在地中海地区从事贸易活动。
在历史的长河中,随着复杂的商务技巧不断出现,商业持续不断的发展,从而促进了货物、资源、资金在国家间的流动。
工业革命提供了大规模生产方法和大规模市场,从而进一步促进了国际商务的发展。
随着工业化水平的提高,对供给、原料、劳动力和运输的需求也日益增大。
20 世纪以来,事实证明,广泛的商务关系覆盖全球。
由于商务实体越来越认识到它们的市场是全球性的,而不仅仅在国内,所以产品、资本和人员比以往任何时候都更紧密地联系在一起。
随着商务活动的范围跨出国界,银行和金融机构接踵而至,以满足商务活动为世界性的投资和经营所需要的资金。
金融市场之间的联系也变得非常纷繁复杂。
美国股市的走向和变化会直接影响到世界上其他地区的产权投资市场。
如今,只有目光短浅的商人才会相信,一个企业在本国市场范围内完全可以实现发展和繁荣。
国内商界起码必须认识到市场竞争的国际根源,因为竞争的根源一直存在,并且日益成为国内商界的威胁。
在世界市场和经济的动态中,这些变化的根源就是世界范围寻求的国际商务活动。
Chapter 1 General View of InternationalBusinessWTOPara 1engaged ininternational transactionsbe involved inoriginate引起, 发明, 发起, 创办vi. 起源, 发生restrictions n.限制, 约束virtually: in facttariffs: 关税quotas:配额embargo:禁运boycotts:联合抵制barrier:贸易壁垒The World Trade Organization (WTO)inter-governmental organization:政府间的组织flow:流畅(be) based on:以……为基础services:服务settle:解决;平息trade dispute:贸易争端negotiation:谈判promote cooperation:促进合作joint decision-making:共同决策consensus:一致同意;一致意见body:机构;团体council:决策班子;委员会committee:委员会consist of:由…组成entire membership:全体成员administrative support:行政支撑secretariat:秘书处Geneva, Switzerland:瑞士的日内瓦Para. 2trading system:贸易系统date back:追溯到…Bretton Woods: 布雷顿森林conference:会议delegate:代表conceive:构思create:创立;创建the World Bank:世界银行the International Monetary Fund:国际货币基金组织1International trade organization (ITO):国际贸易组织a specialized agency:个别机构charter:宪章ambitious:有抱负的;有雄心壮志的extend beyond:扩充;延伸world trade disciplines:世界贸易原则commodity agreement:国际商品协定restrictive business practices:限制性经营办法international investment:国际投资Havana:哈瓦拉(古巴首都)Cuba:古巴ratification:批准legislation:立法opposition:反对the U.S. Senate:美国上议院driving forces:动力announce:宣布seek:寻求congressional ratification:国会的批准effectively:有效地eventual result:最后的结果subsequent:随后的;后来的creation:创建;创立the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT):关贸总协定be concerned with:关注…primarily:主要的(mainly)reduce barriers to the international trade of goods:减少国际商品贸易壁垒result from:由…所产生provisional: 临时的prosperous:兴旺发达的multilateral:多边的;多国的international commerce:国际贸易overhaul:彻底改革due:应得的;预期的massive modification:巨大的改革Uruguay Round:乌拉圭回合(在乌拉圭的多次国际贸易谈判) Para 3regulate:控制;调节;规范regulating world trade of goods:规范国际商品贸易tariff barriers:关税壁垒non-tariff barriers:非关税壁垒not long after:soongive birth to: 产生(result in…)de facto: 实际上;实事上informally:非正式的over the years:during the following years evolve: 发展;进化set out:订立conduct international trade:进行国际贸易institution:机构temporary:暂时的;临时的recognize:认可replace:代替amend:修改incorporate:合并live on:继续存在updated:最新的text:版本(version)key principles: 主要原则adopt:采用General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS):服务贸易总协定intellectual property: 知识产权Trade-Related Aspects of International Property Rights (TRIPS):与贸易有关的知识产权协定Para 4signatory (signatories):签署各国intend:打算set up a worldwide trading organization:建立世界贸易组织in the event:最后(eventually)reach an understanding: 达成一致意见(not) increase tariffs beyond their existing level:增加的关税不超过现在的水平Abolition:废除most favored nation:最惠国trading privileges:贸易特权extend:扩展;延伸systems of preferences:优惠系统;特惠系统Commonwealth Preference:英联邦关税特惠制trading blocs:贸易集团establishment:建立common-market type agreements:共同市场协定EC:abbr. 欧共体(European Community)Outward -looking:外向型的Insular:adj.内向型的;海岛的, 孤立的, 超然物外的abolish quotas:废除配额Kennedy Round:肯尼迪回合account for about 80% of international trade:占….. Para. 5emphasis: 重点;强调shift:转换;转移the north-south dialogue:南北对话conduct:进行;实行the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD):联合国贸易与发展会议primary commodities:初级商品discriminate (against):歧视protectionist policy:贸易保护主义政策freer access to markets:更自由进入市场的机会WTO Agreements:世贸协定Part 1expansion:扩充governing:控制;调节cover:包括global exchange of goods:全球商品交易capital:资本multi-national organization:多国贸易(be) capable of:能….resolve: 解决trade conflicts:贸易冲突;贸易争端play a key role:发挥关键性的作用settle trade disputes:解决贸易争端at its heart:起核心作用legal:法定的ground-rules:章程essentially:本质上bind governments to keep their trade policies:约束各国政府保持贸易政策不变within agreed limits:已经过协议的范围内as negotiated and signed governments:作为经过谈判和签署协议的各国政府objective:目标;目的achieve:实现tolerance:宽容generosity:大度impartial means of settling trade disputes:公正解决贸易争端的办法overriding purpose:最重要的目的undesirable side effects:不希望发生的副作用obstacles:障碍ensure:确保;保证individuals:个体transparent:透明的readily:容易地ascertainable:确定的predictable:可预见的protectionism:贸易保护主义bloated:膨胀的inefficient:低效率的closure:关闭draft:草拟drafted and signed by community of trading nations: 由各贸易国共同草拟和签署的considerable debate:充分的辩论controversy:争论function:作用forum:论坛Part 2dispute settlement:解决争端conflicting interest:利益冲突bring actions on its own initiative:独自采取行动initiate actions:采取行动dispute settlement process:解决争端程序spell out:讲清除;详细说明Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes:解决争端规则和程序的谅解govern:管理;统治;控制dispute settlement body:解决争端机构a special assembly:立法机构consultation:磋商interested third-parties:有利益关系的第三当事人the establishment of a panel:建立专家组investigate:调查alleged violations:对违反…的指控appellate review:上诉审查Appellate Body:上诉机构adoption of the panel: 采纳专家意见appellate decision by the Dispute Settlement Body:解决争端机构的上诉裁决implementation of the decision adopted:执行所采纳的裁决escalating:逐步上升的;循序渐进的three-step process:三个步骤voluntary conformity:自愿一致the violating member: 侵害方compensation:赔偿the injured member:被侵害方trade concessions:贸易让步;妥协accomplish:实现retaliation:报复arbitration:仲裁Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization:建立世界贸易组织协定Part 3antidumping: 反倾销imposition:强加impositionof antidumping:强加反倾销(报复) countervailing measures:抵销措施;补偿措施fair value:公平价值dumping: 倾销recognize:公认prohibit:禁止an established industry:已有的工业materially:从物质上inhibit:抑制;约束domestic industry:国内工业provide: 规定impose:强行征税antidumping duty:反倾销税in appropriate circumstances:在适当的情况下outline:概述subsidy:津贴;补助金bounty:津贴bestow:给予artificially cheaper:人为造成的便宜emerging industries: 新兴工业a member nation: 成员国a countervailing duty:反倾销税;反补贴税offset:抵销Part 4lengthy and complex:漫长而复杂的legal texts:法律文本cover a wide range of activities:涉及范围广government purchases: 政府采购food sanitation regulations:食品卫生规则intellectual property:知识产权fundamental principles:基本原则run throughout all of these documents:应用与所有文件worldwide, multilateral trading system:全世界多边贸易系统states v. :规定discrimination:歧视discriminate:歧视grante:准予;承认most-favoured-nation (MFN) status:最惠国地位national treatment (国民待遇)freer:更自由的prediatable:可以预见的arbitrarily:任意地;随意地more competitive:更据竞争性的discouraging: 打击market share:市场份额beneficial:受益的flexibility:灵活性special privileges:特权Part 6cost-free: 免费的;不付出代价的attain:获得applicant:申请者go through:经过existing members:现有成员国prospective members:申请加入的国家engage in some painful reforms:进行一些难度很大的改革curb export subsidies(subsidy):控制;抑制enforcement of laws:强制执行法律intellectual property piracy:侵犯知识产权的行为1.2 Globalization1.2.1.globalization:全球化globe: 地球;世界integrated:综合的a more integrated and interdependent world economy:更加综合和相互依赖的世界经济components:成分;因素the globalization of markets:全球化市场the globalization of production:全球化生产1.2.1.1the merging of historically distinct and separate national markets into one huge global marketplace:从过去的明显的单一国内市场融汇为一个巨大的全球市场the taste and preference:品味和偏好converge on a global norm:汇聚为一个全球标准Citicorp credit cards:花旗银行信用卡Levi’s jeans:Levi’s 牛仔服Sony Walkmans and Discmans:Nintendo game players:任天堂游戏机hold up:认为prototypical:典型的trend:趋势Levi Strauss:一公司名(Levi’s strauss 牛仔裤) benefactor: 贡献者;恩人;捐助者facilitator:推动者standardized product:标准化产品the size of these multinational giants:跨国公司规模facilitate: 推动;促进triple:增至三倍account for:占target emerging markets:瞄准新兴市场close to: nearlyPart 2prevalence:流行Sony PlayStations:索尼游戏站push too far: (将某事)过分扩大give way to:让位于….significant:重要的relevant dimensions:相关方面distribution channels:销售渠道culturally embedded value systems:根深帝固的文化价值观念marketing strategy:营销策略and the like: and so onoperating practice: 操作习惯customize:为用户定制best match conditions in a country:最好地与当地国家的情况相适应promote: 开发varying car models:不同的汽车类型a range of factors:一系列的因素traffic congestion:交通拥堵Part 3currently:目前;现在universal need the world over: 全球性的需要the world over:all over the worldcommodity: 商品aluminum:铝microprocessor:微型处理器DRAMs: computer memory chips:电脑存储芯片commercial jet aircraft:商用喷气式飞机financial assets:金融资产US Treasury bills:美国短期债券,偿还期一般为三到六个月futures on the Nikkei Index:日经期货指数the Nikkei Index 东京证券交易所Eurobonds: 欧洲债券Mexican peso:墨西哥比索Part 4an important feature:特点;特征confront:面对;对抗competitor:竞争对手in nation after nation:一个又一个国家rivalry:竞争rival: 对手Pepsi:百事可乐Ford:美国福特汽车公司Toyota:丰田汽车Boeing:波音公司Air-bus:空中客车Caterpillar:公司名Komatsu:公司名Nintendo:任天堂Sony:索尼gain an advantage:取得优势homogeneity:同质:同种multinational enterprise:跨国企业emerge:出现convergence:集中homogeneous:相似的;同类的1.2.1.2 The Globalization of Production tendency: 趋向source:寻找(search for)take advantage of national differences:利用国家之间的不同in the cost and quality:在成本与质量方面factors of production:生产要素overall cost structure:全部成本结构functionality:功能major component parts:主要零件supplier:供应商fuselage, doors and wings:机身,机门和机翼the nose landing gear:飞机起落架wing flaps: 副翼;阻力板rationale:基本原理outsource: 外购;外包perform:从事;做enhance: 提高;增强Part 2dispersal:分散get into the act:参加;插手Swan Optical: 公司名(a company)manufacturer:制造商distributor:销售商eyewear:眼镜revenue:收入jointly: 共同的minority stake:少数股份locations:地方(places)designer eyewear:设计师的眼镜charge a premium price: 获取保险费溢价disperse:分散competitive advantage:竞争优势exemplify:例证;作为…例子irrelevant:不恰当的;不相关的the outsourcing of productive activities:外购(外包)的生产活动substantial:很大的;重要的impediment:障碍optimal dispersion:理想的分散(生产活动)Part 3travel down the road toward…:go toward…characterized by…以…为特点important actors in this drama:这个舞台上的重要演员foster:促进merely:onlyrespond: 相应;回应1.2.2. Implications for the Globalization of Production decline: 下降Implications for International Business:国际贸易的含义due to:由于containerization:集装箱化transportation cost:运输成本associated with…:与…有关technological innovation:技术革新information processing:数据处理;信息处理fall dramatically:很大的下降in the past two decades:在过去的二十年里essential:重要的Texas Instrument (TI): a firm in the US approximately:大约coordinate:管理;协调on a global scale:在全球的范围内remote entry terminals:远程终端inquiry terminals: 查询终端mainframe computers:大型计算机vast:大量的instantaneously:瞬间的;立刻的implement:实现Part 2electronic:电子的Hewlett-Packard: a US firm(be) composed of:由…组成videoconferencing technology:视频会议技术on a weekly basis:每周一次的via: 通过by way ofintegration:综合管理1.22.2Implications for the Globalization of Markets facilitate:推动economical:节约的;经济的mass movement of people:(人们)大量移动cultural distance:文化差距bring about:使…产生convergence:集中consumer tastes and preferences:消费品味和偏好CNN: 美国有限新闻网络primary conveyor:主要载体evolution:发展;演变akin:类似的emergence:出现Rio (巴西)里约热内卢Berlin:柏林Gap jeans:一种牛仔服品牌San Francisco:旧金山Part 4 overemphasize:过分强调usher in:引领conduct:做;操作ignore:忽视peril:危险。