词汇复习1

Module1【核心单词】1.sour(adj. ) 酸的;馊的2. cookie(n. )小甜饼;曲奇饼3. pizza(n. )比萨饼4. pie(n. )馅饼;派5. ear(n. )耳朵6. jeans(n. )牛仔裤7. nervous(adj. ) 情绪不安的;紧张的8. stranger(n. )陌生人9. message(n. )电子邮件;口信;信息10. hobby(n. )业余爱好【拓展词汇】1. try(v. &n. ) 尝试;努力have a try尝一尝;试试看try on试穿2. proud(adj. ) 感到自豪的;感到骄傲的be proud of. . . 为……而感到骄傲3. mark(n. ) 分数get high marks得高分【词性转换】1. smell(v. )→smelled/smelt (过去式)→smelled/smelt (过去分词)有……的气味;闻;闻出2. lovely(adj. )→enjoyable(同义词) 令人愉快的→cute(同义词)可爱的3. salt(n. )→salty(adj. )含盐的;咸的4. fair(adj. )→unfair(反义词)不公平的;不公正的5. proud(adj. )→pride(n. )骄傲;自豪【核心短语】1. a bit有一点2. sweet tooth对甜食的爱好3. hear from sb. 收到某人的来信4. arrive at到达5. sb. can’t wait某人等不及了6. at school在学校;上学7. be afraid of害怕……Module2【核心单词】1. ever(adv. )曾经;从来;在任何时候2. competition(n. )比赛;竞争3. invite(v. )邀请4. tower(n. )塔5. ancient(adj. )古老的;古代的6. king(n. )国王;君王7. queen(n. )女王;王后【拓展词汇】1. afford(v. )(有财力)买得起;付得起afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事2. mix(v. ) 相混合;融合mix. . . with. . . 把……和……相混合3. count(v. )数;清点count down倒数;倒计时【词性转换】1. enter (v. )→entrance (n. )入口→entry (n. )进入2. dream(v. )→dreamed/dreamt(过去式)→dreamed/dreamt(过去分词)做梦;梦到;梦想(n. )梦;梦想;(只用于名词前)梦寐以求的3. send(v. )→sent(过去式/过去分词)派遣去;命令……去4. move (v. )→movement(n. )运动;活动5. Germany(n. )→German(n. )德国人;德语(adj. )德国的;德国人的→Germans(pl. ) 德国人【核心短语】1. first prize一等奖2. think about思考;考虑3. write about编写;写作4. make up编写;创作5. a fifteen-year-old American boy一个十五岁的美国男孩6. one of the biggest and busiest cities最大最繁华的城市之一7. in many ways在很多方面8. have been to去过9. for example例如10. be different from与……不同11. count down倒数;倒计时Module3【核心单词】1. earth(n. ) 地球2. moon(n. ) 月亮;月球3. news(n. ) 新闻;消息4. planet(n. ) 行星5. reach(v. )到达;抵达6. yet(adv. ) 还;尚(用于表示某事在某一时间尚未发生, 但未来也许会发生)7. just(adv. ) 刚才;刚刚8. model(n. ) 模型9. spaceship(n. ) 航天器;宇宙飞船10. project(n. ) 计划;工程;项目11. latest(adj. ) 最近的;最新的12. astronaut(n. ) 宇航员13. none(pron. ) 没有一人;没有一个;一点儿也没有14. group(n. ) 群;组15. light(n. ) 光;光线;光亮16. out(adv. ) 在远方【拓展词汇】universe(n. ) 宇宙in the universe在宇宙中【词性转换】1. discover (v. ) →discovery (n. ) 发现, 发觉;(剧情的)发展;被发现的事物2. environment (n. )→environmental (adj. ) 自然环境的;有关环境的3. impossible (adj. ) →possible(反义词)可能的4. communicate (v. ) →communication (n. ) 联系;交流【核心短语】1. no problem没问题2. far away遥远的3. in order to为了4. space travel航天旅行5. search for搜寻;查找6. solar system星系;(尤指)太阳系7. billions of数以亿计的;数十亿8. take photos拍照9. in space在太空中10. communicate with与……交流Module4【核心单词】1. cough(n. &v. )咳嗽2. fever(n. )发烧;发热3. headache(n. )头痛4. stomach(n. )腹部;肚子5. toothache(n. )牙痛6. well(adj. )健康的7. heart(n. )心;心脏8. pet(n. )宠物;宠畜9. member(n. )成员;会员10. daily(adj. )每天的;天天的【拓展词汇】1. since(prep. )自……以来(conj. ) 自……以来since then从那以后2. condition(n. )状况;身体状况in excellent condition健康状况很好3. exercise(v. )运动;锻炼do/take some exercise做运动;锻炼身体【词性转换】1. ill(adj. )→illness (n. )病;疾病→healthy(反义词)健康的→sick (近义词)生病的take(v. )→took(过去式)→taken(过去分词)(用机器)测定, 量取, 拍摄(尤指有规律地)吃, 喝3. health(n. ) →healthy(adj. )健康的→healthily(adv. )健康地4. active(adj. )→activity(n. )活动→act(v. )行动;表演5. sleepy(adj. )→sleep(n. &v. )睡, 睡觉→asleep(adj. )睡着的6. awful(adj. )→terrible(近义词)使人烦恼的;可怕的7. perhaps (adv. )→maybe(同义词)可能;也许8. weak(adj. )→week (同音词)周, 星期→weakness (n. )缺点;弱点→weakly(adv. )软弱地;柔弱地→strong(反义词)坚强的;强壮的【核心短语】1. catch a cold感冒2. take sb. ’s temperature量某人的体温3. fast food快餐食品4. be harmful to对……有害5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事6. such as例如7. take the medicine吃药8. three times a day一天三次9. look after照顾;照看10. too much太多11. in front of在……的前面12. healthy life健康生活13. take the dog for a walk遛狗14. take part (in sth. )参加, 参与(某事)15. too. . . to. . . 太……而不能……Module5【核心单词】1. sky(n. ) 天;天空2. cool(adj. ) 时髦的;酷的3. orange-and-white(adj. ) 橙白相间的4. as(conj. ) 当……时；(prep. ) 作为;当5. heaven(n. ) 天国;天堂6. black-and-white(adj. ) 黑白的7. private(adj. ) 私人的;个人的【拓展词汇】1. laugh(v. ) 笑;发笑laugh at嘲笑2. lesson(n. ) 经验;教训teach sb. a lesson教训某人3. expect(v. ) 期盼;等待expect sb. to do sth. 期盼某人做某事【词性转换】1. cartoon (n. ) →cartoonist (n. ) 漫画家2. smart (adj. )→clever (同义词)聪明的;机灵的3. fight (v. )→fought(过去式)→fought(过去分词)与……战斗;(n. )战斗;斗争4. hero (n. )→heroes (复数)英雄5. humorous (adj. )→humor (n. ) 幽默; 诙谐6. ugly(adj. )→beautiful/handsome(反义词)漂亮的/帅气的7. lead (v. )→led(过去式/过去分词)领导;率领8. invent (v. )→invention (n. ) 发明→inventor (n. ) 发明家9. copy (n. )→copies (复数)本;份10. own (adj. )→owner (n. ) 主人11. satisfy (v. )→satisfied (adj. ) 满足的;满意的【核心短语】1. in a happy way用一种快乐的方式2. fly through the sky飞越天空3. can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事4. each other彼此;相互5. learn from向……学习6. both of them两个都7. win the heart of sb. 赢得某人的心8. all over the world全世界9. a group of一群10. make a mess制造混乱11. in the 1980s在20世纪80年代12. as well as和;也;不仅……而且……13. come out出版14. come to one’s life苏醒15. be popular with受……的欢迎。

小学语文总复习资料（词语复习）词语复习要做到能正确地读，写已学过的词语，理解学过的词语的意思，并能正确运用。

能按要求给词语进生归类。

【积累词语】词是能够独立运用的最小语言单位。

每篇课文后面要求说说写写的词语，都应该正确地读写及积累。

【理解词语】理解词语的方法：１、弄清这个词语中，两个关键性的字的意思，然后考虑整个词语的意思。

例“凝神谛听”这个词，其中“谛”是“仔细”的意思，整个词语的意思是“注意力仔细地听”。

２、有些词不能光从字面上去理解，要注意它们的比喻或引伸义。

例：“目瞪口呆”这个词常常用来比喻惊讶的样子，而不能只从字面上去理解。

３、要结合语言环境，联系上下文来理解词语的意思。

如：“这茶叶的香味吓煞人。

嫩叶如同一条青龙上下翻飞，煞是好看”。

前一个“煞”是“杀”的意思，后一个“煞”是“极”的意思。

一、辨析词义辨析词义的方法：１、要搞清词语的感情色彩。

例：“团结”和“勾结”，都有一个“为了一个目的联合和结合“的意思。

“团结”用于好的方面，而“勾结”用于坏的方面，指“进行不正当的活动而暗中结合”。

２、注意运用的对象。

如：“爱戴”和“爱抚”，前者用于党、领袖、英雄，后者用于老一辈对后代。

３、注意范围的大小。

如：“辽阔”和“广阔”，都是指面积广大，但辽阔比广阔所指的范围更大。

４、注意程度的轻重。

如：“喜爱”和“酷爱”，都有爱好某事某物之意，但“酷爱”比“喜爱”的程度重。

５、考虑词语搭配的习惯。

如“提高水平”，“改进方法”，“改善生活”等。

二、用词造句要做到：１、正确理解词语的意思，注意它的使用习惯，特别要留心这个词语用在什么场合，常跟哪些词语搭配。

２、把意思表达完整。

三、词语的归类或排列，常见的可以从词语所代表事物的性质、特点、用途、概念大小，相关相对关系等方面来考虑。

多义词复习指导一字多义、一词多义是汉语言的一大特点。

在小学阶段，只要学生了解这一特点，并能在理解词语的基本义的基础上，联系语言环境理解词语的引申义和比喻义。

Chapter 1 A general survey of English vocabularyLexicology: the study of words/ to study the science of words.a word is the smallest significant unit of a speech.词是语言的最小的有意义结构单位。

the smallest significant unit of a speech is morpheme(词素/语素/形位)Word defined: a fundamental（基本的）unit of speech and a minimum free form; with a unity of sound and meaning (both lexical and grammatical meaning) capable of performing a given syntactic function.Sound the naturalists 自然派Meaning the conventionalists 习惯派Three periods of EV1.Old English/Anglo-Saxon Period(449-1100AD)2.Middle English Period (1150-1500)3.Modern English Period (1500-present)Some characteristics of Old English1、The vocabulary is of Germanic characteristic, an exclusively Germanic vocabulary (few borrowings from non-Germanic languages), distinguished by compounding.（复合词）2、An ability to develop new words out of the existing Germanic word-stock instead of borrowing foreign words.3、Old English was an inflected language. It had a complete system of declension with five cases and conjugations.Middle English periodSome features of this period:1)Much borrowed French words;2)The inflectional system of OE decayed rapidly during the ME period and hadvanished almost entirely by the end of this period.3)The appearance of natural gender.Some characteristics of Modern English1、It was divided into two parts: early modern English(1500-1700) and latemodern English(1700--present)2、Expansion3、New words*Newest Development of EV（the rapid growth of present-day English vocabulary and its causes）1、Marked progress of science and technology;cybernetics, bionics, chain reaction, radioactivity, neutron bomb, medium-range ballistic missile, cosmonaut中程导弹, countdown倒数, space shuttle, launching pad, maglev train…2、Socio-Economic, political and cultural changes;Credit card; fringe benefit 额外福利pension 退休金Teach-in 宣讲游说roller-hockey 曲棍球surf-riding 冲浪3. The influence of other cultures and languagesombudsman: 调查官员舞弊情况的官员apartheid: 种族隔离制sputnik: 人造地球卫星autostrada: 高速公路(Italian）autopista: 高速公路（Spanish）Classification of EV1.By origin2.By level of usage:3.By notion4.By time1、By origin:native and loan words 本族语和外来语Fundamental features of basic word stock:1.National character;2.Stability3.Word-forming ability;4.Ability to form collocations.2. By level of usage 使用的程度来分类Common words (standard word) 普通词汇literary words Archaic words 古体语书面语Obsolete wordsPoetical words: traditionally used in poetry. E.g. the deep (the sea), steed (horse), thou, thee (you, sing.), ye (you, plur.), thy (your), thine (yours), yon (over there), aught (anything), naught (nothing).Colloquial words 口语词汇are described as everyday words which have been around for a long time and are often used in informal speeches.Slang words 俚语are ever-changing set of colloquial words generally considered distinct from and socially lower than the standard to describe language that is new and fresh, including argot/cant (secret vocabulary of underworld groups). Technical words 术语include formal specialized language (terminologies) and informal specialized language (jargon) to a trade, job, or group.3. By notionFunction words功能词：determiners, conjunctions, prepositions, auxiliaries（助词），and so forthContent words 实意词: diagnosis 诊断prescription 处方injection 注射space walk ; space opera 太空剧apartheid 种族隔离Chapter 2 Morphological structure of English wordsMorpheme(语素，词素): the morpheme is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of language, not divisible or analyzable into smaller forms.one morpheme：nationtwo morphemes: nationalthree: morphemes: nation +al +izeAllomorphemes :语素变体，形位变体：Some morphemes are realized by more than one morph according to their position. Such alternative morphs are allomorphemes. E.g. the morpheme of plurality (-s) has a number if allomorphemes in different sound context, e.g. in cats/s/, in bags/z/, in matches/iz/.有些词素根据其在词中的特殊位置而产生的变体叫词素变体。

大家请注意：笔记中大多数是以名词解释的形式出现的，这些是绝对的基础，应该一字不漏的背下来。

其实不少简答题也就是几个定义的汇总，再加上个例子就可以拿满分了。

区分两个词的区别，主要还是指明其各自的定义。

第一章Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabulary1. 词的定义Word —— A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function.2.声音与意义的关系There is no logical relationship between sound and meaning as the symbolic connection between them is arbitrary and conventional. E.g. “woman” means ’Frau’ in German，’Femme’ in French and ’Funv ’in Chinese. On the other hand，the same sound /rait/ can mean right，rite and write，though denoting different things，yet have the same sound.3.读音与拼写不一致的原因The difference between sound and form result from 4 major factors.（At least 80%of the English words fit consistent spelling patterns）a）. the internal reason is English alphabet does not have a separate letter to represent each sound in the language.b）. Pronunciation has changed more rapidly than spellingc）. Influence of the work of scribes/printing freezes the spelling of words in 1500d）. Borrowing of foreign language4. 词汇的含义Vocabulary —— Vocabulary is most commonly used to refer to the sum total of all the words of a language. It can also refer to all the words of a given dialect，a given book，a given displine and all the words possessed by an individual person as well as all the words current in a particular period of time in history.The general estimate of the present day English vocabulary is over 1 million words.5.词汇的分类的原则Classification of Words—by use frequency，by notion，by originthe English vocabulary consist of words of all kinds. they can be classified by different criteria and for different purpose . words may fall into the word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by use frequency, into content words and functional words by notion , and into native words and borrowed words by origin.基本词汇的特点1）. Basic word stock – the foundation of the vocabulary.1.all national character （most important）– natural phenomenamost common things and phenomena of the human body and relationsworld around us names of plants and animals action，size，domain，state numerals，pronouns，prep. ，conj.2. stability– they donate the commonest thing necessary to life，they are like to remain unchanged. Only relative，some are undergoing some changes. But the change is slow.e.g. arrow，bow，chariot，knight – past electricity，machine，car，plane —— now3.productivity– they are mostly root words or monosyllabic words，they can form new words with other roots and affixes.e.g. foot – football，footage，footpath，footer4.polysemy – often possess more than one meaning. Become polysemous.e.g. take to move or carry from one place to another to remove5.collocability– quite a number of set expressions，idiomatic usages，proverbial saying and others基本词汇在英语中的地位和重要性The basic word stock is the foundation of the vocabulary accumulated over centuries and forms the common core of the language .though words of the basic word stock constitute a small percentage of the English vocabulary ,yet it is the most important part of it .e.g. heart – a change of heart， a heart of goldNon-basic vocabulary ——(例子)1. terminology – technical terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas as in medicinephotoscanning，hepatitis，indigestion，penicillin，algebra，trigonometry，calculus2. jargon– specialized vocabulary in certain professions.Bottom line，ballpark figures，bargaining chips，hold him back，hold him in，paranoid3. slang—— substandard words often used in informal occasionsdough and bread，grass and pot，beaver，smoky，bear，catch，holler，Roger，X-rays，Certain words are labeled slang because of their usage.4. argot – words used by sub-cultured groupscan-opener，dip，persuader cant，jargon ，argot are associated with，or most available to，specific groups of the population.5. dialectal words– only by speakers of the dialectbeauty，chook，cocky，station，auld，build，coo，hame，lough，bog6. archaisms – words no longer in common use or restricted in use. In older poems，legal document and religious writing or speech.7. neologism– newly created words with new meaning e.g. microelectronics，futurology，AIDS，internet，E-mailold meaning acquired new meaning e.g. mouse，monitor2）. Content word （notional word）– denote clear notions.Functional word （empty word，form word）– do not have notions of their own，express the relation between notions，words and sentences.a. Content words constitute the main body of the English vocabulary are numerous.Functional words are in a small number.b. Content words are growing.Functional words remain stable.c. Functional words do far more work of expression than content words.3）. Native words – are words brought to Britain in the 15 century by the German tribes. Ango-Saxon Words，50，000-60，000What is true of the basic word stock is also true of native world. More are1. neutral in style （not stylistical specific ）2. 2.frequent in use （in academic fields and science French，Latin or Greek are used）（usage 70-90%）Borrowed words （loan words，borrowing）– words taken over from foreign language. 80%本族语词在英语中的地位和重要性Native words form the mainstream of the basic word stock and stand at the core of the language .therefore , what is true of the basic word stock is also true of native words.According to the degree of assimilation and manner of borrowing，we can bring the loan words under 4 classes.1.Denizen s– words borrowed early and now are well assimilated into English language.e.g. port from portus（L）shift，change，shirt，pork cup from cuppa（L）2.Aliens– retained their original pronunciation and spellinge.g. décor（F）blitzkreeg（G）emir，intermez，rowtow，bazaar，rajar，status quo3.translation loans– formed from the existing material in the English language but modeled on the patterns taken from another language.1）. Word translated according to the meaninge.g. mother tough from lingua maternal（L）black humor from humor noir long time no see，surplus value，master piece2）. Words translated according to the sounde.g. kulak from kyrak（Russ）lama from lama（Tib）ketchup tea4. Semantic loans– their meaning are borrowed from another languagee.g. stupid old dump new sassy dream old joy and peace pioneer old explorer/person doing pioneering work new a member of the young pioneer fresh old impertinent，sassy，cheeky 第二章The Development of the English1、Indo-European language family （Europe，the Near East，India）It can be grouped into an Eastern set :Balto –Slavic 、Indo-Iranian、Armenian and Albanian; a Western set: Celtic、Italic 、Hellenic、GermanicIn the Eastern set , Armenian and Albanian are each the only modern language respectively,the Balto –Slavic comprises such modern language such as Prussian、Lithuanian、Polish、Czech、Bulgarian、Slovenian、Russian. In the Indo-Iranian we have Persian, Bengali, Hindi, Romany, the last three of which are derived from the dead language Sanskrit.In the Western set, Greek is the modern language derived from Hellenic. In the Celtic,we find Scottish, Irish,Welsh, Breton. the five Romance language ,namely, Portuguese,Spanish, French, Italian, Roumanian all belong to the Italic through an intermediate language called Latin. The Germanic family consist of the four Northern European language :Norwegian, Icelandic, Danish and Swedish, which are generally known as Scandinavian languages. Then there is German, Dutch, Flemish and English.2、History （时间，历史事件，特征）1）Old English （450-1150）totally 50，000-60，000 wordsThe 1st people known to inhabit England were Celts，the language was Celtic.The second language was the Latin of the Roman Legions. The Germanic tribes called angles，Saxons and Jutes and their language，Anglo-Saxon dominated and blotted out the Celtic. Now people refer to Anglo-Saxon as old English. At the end of 6th century，the introduction of Christianity has a great impact on the English vocabulary. The common practice was to create new words by combining two native words. In the 9th century，many Scandinavian words came into English. At least 900 words of Scandinavian are in modern English，our daily life and speech.特点：highly inflected language///complex endings or vowel changes （full ending）2）Middle English （1150-1500）English，Latin，FrenchUntil 1066，although there were borrowings from Latin，the influence on English was mainly Germanic. But the Norman Conquest started a continual flow of French words into English.By the end of the 13th century，English gradually come back into public areas.Between 1250 and 150 about 9000 words of French origin pouered into English. 75% of them are till in use today.As many as 2500 words of Dutch origin come into English.特点：fewer inflections leveled ending3）Modern English （1500-up to now）early modern English （1500-1700）late modern English（1700-up to now）The Renaissance(the early period)，Latin and Greek were recognized as the languages of the West ern world’s great literary heritage.From the 1500’s through the 1700’s ,many writers experimented with words. Over 10000 new words entered the English language .many of these were taken from Latin and Greek .The Industrial Revolution was in the mid-17 century. With the growth of colonization，British tentacles began a stretching out of to every corner of the globe，thus enabling English to absorb words from all major languages of the world.After World War II，many new words have been created to express new ideas，inventions and scientific achievements.More words are created by means of word-formation.thousands and thousands of new words have been entered to express new ideas inventions，and scientific achievements.more words are created by means of word-formation.in modern English，word endings were mostly lost with just a few exceptions English has evolved from a synthetic language to the present analytic language.science and technology terms make up about 45% of new words. words associated with life-style constitute of 24% and social and economic terms amount to over 10% .mention should be made of an opposite process of development i.e. old words falling out if use.特点：ending are almost lost.3. Three main sources new words当代英语词汇发展的现状New words sweep in at a rate much faster than at any other historical period of time .词汇发展的主要原因1).The rapid development of modern science and technology2).Social: economic and political changes3).The influence of other cultures and languages4. Three modes of vocabulary development（英语发展的三个主要方式：创造新词、旧词新意、借用外来语词）1. Creation – the formation of new words by using the existing materials，namely roots，affixes and other elements. （This is the most important way of vocabulary expansion.）2. Semantic change - an old form which take on a new meaning to meet the new need.3. Borrowing – to take in words from other languages.（played a vital role in the development of vocabulary , particularly in earlier times）4. （Reviving archaic or obsolete）French 30%，Latin 8%，Japanese Italian 7%，Spanish 6%，German Greek 5%，Russian Yiddish 4%第三章Word Formation*1. Morpheme(词素) ——A morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit of a language. （The smallest functional unit in the composition of words.）*2.Morph——A morpheme must be realized by discrete units. These actual spoken minimal carriers of meaning are morphs.3.Monomorphenic words– morphemes are realized by single morphs.4.Allomorph（词素变体）——Some morphemes are realized by more than one morph according to their position. Such alternative morphs are allomorphemes. E.g. the morpheme of plurality （-s）has a number if allomorphemes in different sound context，e.g. in cats/s/，in bags/z/，in matches/iz/.5. Free morphemes or Free root —— The morphemes have complete meaning and van be used as free grammatical units in sentences，e.g. cat，walk. They are identical with root words. morphemes which are independent of other morphemes are considered to be free.6.Bound Morphemes——The morphemes cannot occur as separate words. They are bound to other morphemes to form words，e.g. recollection （re+collect+ion）collect – free morpheme re-and –ion are bound morphemes. （include bound root and affix）Bound morphemes are found in derived words.7.Bound root —— A bound root is that part of the word that carries the fundamental meaning just like a free root. Unlike a free root，it is a bound form and has to combine with other morphemes to make words. Take -dict- for example：it conveys the meaning of “say or speak” as a Latin root，but not as a word. With the prefix pre-（=before）we obtain the verb predict meaning “tell beforehand”。

大学英语2级词汇Unit 1-Unit 41.fulfill 完成fulfill one’s task fulfill one’s duty/ obligation2.strand get stranded at/ on 被搁浅在……., 被困在……..3.pull up 停车pull up at the gate of the schoole to one’s aid 援助……come to one’s help 帮助……come to one’s r escue…营救5.occur 出现An idea/ A plan comes to my mind6.strain 绷紧，负担；筋疲力尽stress 压力tension 紧张7.captivate 吸引captivate one’s interest captivate one’s attention8.ardent be ardent for 对…….热情的9.perceive 认识perception perceptible 可以被认识的e to roost 栖息come to roost on a tree 栖息在树上come to roost in a hole 栖息在洞里come to roost in a cave 栖息在洞穴里unch out into 发起, 开始launch out into a complaint 发起抱怨launch into a dispute发起争论12.honor荣誉honor sb. 给…….荣誉/光彩be honored as 被誉为13.anniversary 周年纪念10th anniversary of one’s marriageThis year is the 90th anniversary of the foundation of Chinese Communist Party.14.console15.elaborate 精致的an elaborate plan an elaborate design16.add…… to 把……加到…….. add to 增加add to one’s study burden 增加学习负担add to the environmental pollution 增加环境污染17.trigger 引发trigger a war , trigger a fight 引发一场打斗18.dilemma be in a dilemma19.clear…….of clear away --------the rubbish/ junk clear up -----------the desk/tableplain about21.fall apart 瓦解，崩溃，四分五裂，解体22.reveal 泄露，透露，显露reveal a secrete reveal oneself as23.cater to 迎合…….cater to one’s taste / interest24.figure out 构想出…….25.hook ……..up to/ with be hooked up to/with 连接到…….26.prospect 前途，prosperity 繁荣prospective 看法27.flexibility 灵活性feasibility 可行性credibility 可靠性sensibility 敏感，感性mute 往返commuter上下班的人commute on the road commute from……to29.retrieve=glean30.find out31.post 张贴，告示32.nurture 培养，锻造nurture one’s will33.insistent34.give in to 让步于35.soak up soak up one’s attention 耗尽/用尽注意力36.forge37.kind of 有点Today is kind of hot/cool/cold.38.overwhelm 压倒be overwhelmed with excitement/joy 欢乐不已be overwhelmedwith grief 不甚悲伤，悲痛欲绝be overwhelmed with gratitude 不甚感激39.beyond one’s wildest dreams go beyond one’s wildest dreams 超越梦想40.separate……from 把……与…….分开41.request 请求inquire 询问acquire获得/得到require 需要。

absolute a. 绝对的,完全的abundant a. 丰富的，充裕的abuse v. 滥用，虐待；谩骂academic a. 学术的academy n.院校；学会accelerate vt. 加速,促进accomplish vt .完成,到达acid n. 酸，酸的acknowledge v. 承认；致谢acquire vt. 取得，获得adapt vi. 适应，适合adequate a. 适当地；足够adhere vi. 粘附，附着adjust v. 调整,调节adopt v. 收养；采用adult n. 成年人advertise v. 为...做广告advertisement n. 广告agency n. 代理商，经销商agent n. 代理人,代理商alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料,酒精alter v. 改变,改动,变更apparent a. 显然的，明白的appeal n./vi. 呼吁，恳求appetite n. 胃口；欲望appliance n. 器具，器械applicable a.可应用的，适当的applicant n. 申请人appoint vt. 任命，委派appreciate vt. 重视，赏识approach v.靠近,接近 n. 途径appropriate a. 适当的approve v. 赞成，同意，批准arbitrary a. 随意的,未断的architect n. 建筑师architecture n. 建筑学arise vi. 产生,出现arouse vt. 引起,激起aspect n. 方面；朝向；面貌attach vt. 系,贴；使附属attitude n. 态度authority n. 权威；当局automatic a. 自动的available a.可提供的；可得到的avenue n. 林荫道,大街award vt.授予n. 奖品,奖金aware a. 意识到awful a. 极坏的,可怕的awkward a. 笨拙的,棘手的bachelor n. 学士,单身汉bacteria n. 细菌ban vt. 取缔，禁止bargain n.便宜货 vi.讨价还价barrel n. 桶barrier n. 障碍；棚栏battery n. 电池（组）beforehand ad. 预先，事先biology n. 生物学blast n. 爆炸；气流vi. 炸,炸掉bother v. 打搅，麻烦boundary n. 分界线，边界brake n. 刹车breed v. 繁殖,产仔budget n. 预算 v. 编预算bunch n. 群，伙；束，串bundle n. 捆，包，束burden n. 重担,负荷burst vi.,n. 突然发生，爆裂calculate vt. 计算，核算calendar n. 日历,月历campus n. 校园cancel vt. 取消,废除candidate n. 候选人capture vt. 俘虏，捕获career n. 生涯,职业casual a. 偶然的，临时的catalog n. 目录v. 编目ceremony n. 典礼，仪式cliff n. 悬崖,峭壁clue n. 线索,提示coach n. 教练coarse a. 粗的,粗糙的code n. 准则,法规,密码collision n. 碰撞,冲突column n. 柱；专栏comedy n. 喜剧comment n./vt. 评论commit vt.犯community n. 社区,社会comparable a. (with,to)可比较的,comparative a. 比较的,相对的compete vi. 竞争,比赛competent a.能胜任的competition n. 竞争,比赛conquer vt. 征服consent n.同意 vi (to)准许conservation n. 保存，保护conservative a. 保守的consistent a.一致的constant a. 不变的,恒定的consume v. 消耗,耗尽continual a.频繁的continuous a.连续（不断）的cope vi. (with)应付,处理core n. 果心,核心dash vi. 猛冲,飞奔data n. 数据,资料deaf a. 聋的；不愿听的debate n./v. 辩论，争论debt n. 欠债decade n. 十年decay vi. 腐烂，腐朽decent a. 像样的，体面的decline v.下降decorate vt. 装饰,装璜defect n. 缺点，缺陷delay vt./n. 推迟,延误delicate a. 易碎的；精美的deposit n. 存款v.存放，储蓄derive vt.得到；(from)起源于descend v. 下来，下降deserve vt. 应受,应得,值得device n. 装置,设备devise vt. 发明,策划discipline n. 纪律；惩罚discount n. （价格）折扣discrimination n. 歧视display n./vt. 陈列，展览dispose vi.解决；处理(of)distinguish vt. 区分,辨别distress n. 痛苦,悲伤vt. 使痛苦distribute vt. 分发disturb vt. 打搅,妨碍dive vi. 跳水,潜水diverse a. 不同的,多种多样的drift vi. 漂，漂流dumb a. 哑的dump vt. 倾卸,倾倒durable a. 耐用的，持久的emotion n. 情感,感情emotional a. 感情的,情绪（上）的emphasize vt. 强调,着重enclose vt. 围住；把...装入信封encounter vt./n. 遭遇,遭到enthusiasm n. 热情,热心entitle vt. 给...权利,给...资格entry n. 进入,入口处environment n. 环境erect v. 建造，竖立essential a.必不可少的estimate n./vt. 估计，估量evaluate vt. 评估，评价evil a. 邪恶的,坏的evolution n. 演变，进化evolve v.演变exaggerate v. 夸大,夸张exceed vt. 超过，越出exceedingly ad. 非常，极其excess n. 过分，过量，过剩exclaim v. 呼喊，大声说exclude vt.把...排除,不包括excursion n. 远足expand v. 扩大；展开，膨胀expansion n. 扩大,膨胀expend v. 消费expense n. 开销,费用expensive a.价格高贵的explode v. 爆炸；爆发；激增exploit v. 剥削；利用，开采explore v. 勘探explosion n. 爆炸；爆发explosive a. 爆炸的export n.／ v.出口,输出extent n. 程度,范围external a. 外部的，外表的extinct a. 绝灭的extraordinary a. 不平常的，特别的extreme a. 极度的,极端的facility n.设施fatal a. 致命的；重大的fate n. 命运fatigue n. 疲劳，劳累faulty a. 有错误的，有缺点的favorable a. 称赞道；有利的favorite a. 特别受喜欢的female a. 女性的，雌的ferfile a. 肥沃的；多产的fertilizer n. 肥料flash vi. 闪光，闪耀flee vi. 逃走focus v. （使）聚集 n. 焦点forbid vt. 不许，禁止frown v./n. 皱眉frustrate vt. 使沮丧gap n. 间隔，差距garbage n. 垃圾，废物gasoline n. 汽油gaze v. 凝视，注视generate vt. 生成，产生genius n. 天才，天赋genuine a. 真的，真诚的geography n. 地理（学）gesture n. 姿势，手势giant a. 巨大的n. 巨人glimpse n. 一瞥，一看global a. 全球的；总的globe n. 地球,世界glory n. 光荣，荣誉grand a. 宏伟大，重大的grant vt. 授予,同意,准予grateful a. 感激的gratitude n. 感激guarantee vt./n. 保证guilty a. 内疚的；有罪的harmony n. 和谐，融洽haste n. 急速，急忙hesitate v. 犹豫highlight vt. 强调，突出hint n. 暗示，示意hollow a. 空的，中空的hook n. 钩 vt. 钩住humble a. 谦逊的；谦虚的identify vt. 认出，鉴定identity n. 身份；个性,特性idle a. 懒散的，无所事事的illegal a. 不合法的,非法的illusion n. 错觉import n.／ v.进口，输入impose vt. 把...加强(on)incident n. 事件，事变index n. 索引，标志individual a.单独的 n. 个人inevitable a. 不可避免的infant n. 婴儿infect v. 传染infer v. 推论,推断inferior a. 劣等的，次的infinite a. 无限的inhabitant n. 居民insignificant a. 无意义的insurance n. 保险,保险费interfere v. 干涉,干扰,妨碍interfere v. 干涉，干扰，妨碍internal a. 内部的,国内的internal a. 内部的，国内的interpret v. 翻译，解释invade v. 侵入,侵略isolate vt. 使隔离，使孤立issue n. 问题,争论点jail n. 监狱jam n. 果酱；拥挤，堵塞joint a.连接的；共同的junior a. 年少的；资历较浅的label n. 标签launch vt. 发动，发起leak v. 漏，渗出lean vi. 倾斜，倚，靠leap vi. 跳跃leisure n. 闲暇；悠闲lest conj. 唯恐，免得liable a. (to)易于...的liberal a.自由的liberty n. 自由licence/license n. 许可证liter/litre n. 升loose a. 松的，宽松的mainland n. 大陆maintain vt. 维持,坚持,主张manual a.用手的，手工做的manufacture vt./n.制造，加工marine a. 海的；海产的massive a. 大的,大量的mature a. 成熟的maximum a. 最高的,最大的media n. 新闻传媒medium a. 中等的n. 媒介merchant n. 商人mere a. 仅仅的，纯粹的mild a. 温暖的,暖和的minimum a. 最低的,最小的mission n. 使命；代表团mixture n. 混合,混合物modest a. 谦虚的modify vt. 修改moist a. 潮湿moisture n. 潮湿mood n. 心情,情绪；语气moral a. 道德上的,有道德的motivate vt. 激励，激发motive n. 动机，目的navy n.海军necessity n. 必需品；必要性negative a. 否定的，消极的neglect vt. 忽视，忽略network n.网络neutral a. 中立的,中性的nonsense n. 胡说,冒失的行动notion n. 概念；意图，想法nuclear a. 核子的，核能的nuisance n.令人讨厌的东西oblige v. 迫使，责成；使感激obstacle n. 障碍（物）,妨碍odd a. 奇特的,古怪的offend v. 冒犯，触犯omit vt. 省略opponent n. 敌手,对手opportunity n. 机会,时机optics n.光学optimistic a. 乐观optional a. 可以任选的oral a. 口头的，口述的，口的orbit n. 轨道organ n. 器官origin n. 起源，出身outstanding a. 杰出的pants n. 长裤；内裤parallel n. 平行线, 可比的事物participate v.参与，参加particularly ad. 特别，尤其passion n. 激情，热情passive a. 被动的，消极的passport n. 护照peak n. 山峰，顶点personal a. 个人的,私人的personal a.私人的；亲自的petrol n. 汽油phenomenon n. 现象portion n. 一部分poverty n. 贫穷precaution n. 预防precaution n. 预防，防备preserve v. 保护，保存previous a. 先,前,以前的primitive a. 原始的，早期的principal a. 最重要的n.校长principle n. 原则,原理prior a. 优先的,在前的priority n. 优先,重点private a. 私人的，个人的professional a. 职业的,专门的profit n. 利润,益处prohibit vt. 禁止,不准prominent a. 突出的promote vt. 促进；提升prompt vt. 促使a. 迅速的prospect n. 前景,前途；景象prosperity n.兴旺,繁荣pursue vt. 追逐；从事,进行quit v. 停止racial a. 人种的种族的radical a.根本的；激进的range n. 幅度,范围recreation n. 娱乐活动recruit vt. 招募，吸收region n. 地区register v./n.登记,注册regulate vt. 管理,调节reject vt. 拒绝release vt./n. 释放,排放relevant a. 有关的，切题的reliable a. 可靠的relief n. 轻松，宽慰；减轻religion n. 宗教，宗教信仰religious a. 宗教的reluctant a. 不情愿的，勉强的rely vi. (on)依赖，指望remarkable a. 值得注意的,异常的,非凡的remote a. 遥远的,偏僻的removal n. 除去，消除reputation n. 名气，声誉rescue vt./n. 营救resemble vt. 像，类似于resistant a. (to)抵抗的resolve vt. 解决；决定，决意respond vi. 回答，答复；反应restrain vt. 阻止,抑制restrict vt. 限制，约束retail n./v./ad. 零售retain vt. 保留，保持reverse v.倒车，（使）相反reveal vt. 揭露revenue n. 收入，岁入；税收rival n. 竞争对手，敌手route n. 路；路线；航线route n.路线ruin v. 毁坏n. 毁灭sake n. 缘故，理由satellite n. 卫星scale n. 大小，规模scan vt.扫描；浏览scratch v./n. 抓,搔,扒secure a. 安全的security n. 安全sensible a. 明智的sensitive a. 敏感到，灵敏的severe a. 严重的shallow a. 浅的shelter n. 掩蔽处；住所shield n. 防护物vt. 保护shift v. 转移；转动；转变shiver vi/n. 发抖shrink vi. 起皱,收缩；退缩shrug v./n. 耸肩signature n. 签名significance n. 意义；重要性sincere a. 诚挚的，真诚的slide v. 滑动,滑落n. 滑动slip v. 滑动，滑落；忽略slippery a. 滑的sorrow n. 悲哀,悲痛spill v. 溢出，溅出，倒出spit v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃splendid a. 极好的,壮丽的split v. 劈开；割裂a.裂开的spot n. 地点；斑点vt. 认出stable a. 稳定的stale a. 不新鲜的,陈腐的stimulate vt. 刺激，激励strategy n. 战略,策略substance n. 物质；实质substantial a. 可观的；实质的substitute n. 代用品vt. 代替subtract v. 减（去）suburb n. 市郊subway n. 地铁survey n./vt. 调查suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的swallow v. 吞下,咽下n. 燕子talent n. 才能,天资；人才target n. 目标,靶子temple n. 庙temporary a. 暂时的,临时的temptation n. 诱惑,引诱tend vi.易于，趋向tendency n.趋向，趋势tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的tense a. 紧张的v. 拉紧terror n. 恐怖tide n. 潮汐；潮流tidy a. 整洁的,整齐的title n. 题目，标题tone n. 语气，音调trace vt. 追踪，找到 n. 痕迹transform v. 转变transform v. 转变，变革transmit v. 传播transmit v. 传播，播送；传递transplant v. 移植transport vt. 运输n. 运输trap n. 陷阱v.使陷入tremble vi. 颤抖tremendous a. 巨大的；精彩的trend n. 趋向，倾向trial n. 审讯；试验ultimate a. 极端的,最终的undergo v. 经历,遭受undergo v. 经历，遭受undertake vt. 承担unique a. 唯一的,独特的universal a. 普遍的；宇宙的urban a. 城市的urge vt. 鼓励，激励urgent a. 急迫的，紧急得utter a. 完全的，彻底的vacant a. 空的，未占用的vacuum n. 真空,真空吸尘器vain a. 徒劳的,无效的vain n. 徒劳，白费valid a. 有效的valley n. 山谷，峡谷vanish vi. 消灭，不见variable a. 易变的,可变的vary v. 变化,改变vehicle n. 交通工具，车辆venture v.冒险vessel n. 船舶；容器victim n. 牺牲品，受害者video n. 电视，视频violence n. 强力，暴力violent a. 强暴的virtual a. 实际上的,事实上的virtue n. 美德，优点vital a. 重要的；致命的vivid a. 生动的vocabulary n. 词汇，词汇表volume n. 卷，册；体积，容量volunteer n. 志愿者 v.自愿做vote v. 选举 n. 选票wander vi. 漫游，闲逛wealthy a. 富裕的welfare n. 福利withdraw v. 收回，撤销witness n. 目击者；证据wonder n.奇迹v. 想知道wonder n.奇迹 v.想知道yield vi. (to)屈服于n. 产量zone n. 地区,区域。

词汇练习1.acquire a strong work ethic2.work regularly3.hometown4.washing and polishing cars5.bump into somebody6.general manager7.on the spot8.have a great day at work9.notice10.it takes persistence to succeed11.attitude also matters12.outwork13.treat customers politely14.set up a bank account15.tough taskmaster16.handle responsibility17.develop reading skills18.direct, indirect, polite, impolite, regular, irregular19.take a genuine interest in20.makeup, cosmetics21.record, record22.a valuable lesson23.a successful salesperson24.a great listener25.purchase, buy26.design, designer, develop, developerHuman characteristicsengineer skillful, adroit, braveteacher encouraging, patient, fluent doctor honest, knowledgeable, moral, lawyer justice, logical, sharp businessman shrewd, practical, work ethic government officials public images, sensible architect responsible, intelligent, sociable planner administer,1. Coffee is a taste that I've never been able to [_______________].2. We often discuss [_______________] issues such as abortion and cloning in my ESL class.3. You must declare everything you have purchased or [_______________] abroad at Customs.4. The United States [_______________] Florida from Spain in 1819.5. Albert Einstein once said that wisdom is not the product of schooling, but of the life-long attempt to _______it.6. I've [_______________] a lot of weight over the last year because I haven't been doing much exercise.7. Today, on the occasion of the marriage of our oldest child, we are happy in knowing that we have not lost a daughter; we have [_______________] a son-in-law.8. You can _______________ a lot of important experience by doing volunteer work.9. You have nothing to _______________ by being so mean to your sister, so stop it.10. There is a Scottish proverb which states that a penny saved is a penny________.11. The doctor said that his interpretation of medical _______ prevented him from performing an abortion.12. Chris's band is ____a good reputation in the clubs around town.13. If you don't want an abortion, that's fine, but I don't appreciate you trying to decide what is or isn't ______for me.14. She took off her glasses and ___________] them with the edge of her blouse.15. In modern society, knowledge has __________] muscle and physical capital as the principal factor in production.16. He got a huge ________on his head when he fell off his bike.17. The little baby carrots that you buy in the supermarket are actually large carrots which are cut and ___________until they are very small in size.18. In 1927, the new city of Canberra __________Melbourne as the capital of Australia.19. A Japanese proverb observes that he who is _______will squeeze oil out ofa grain of sand.20. The American Psychological Association has concluded that viewing violence on TV _____ aggressive behavior in children.21. Different galaxies in the universe sometimes [_______________] into each other.22. We lost the game through laziness; the other team was weaker, but they beat us by__________ us.23. Nothing in the world can take the place of _____________- the greatest mistake is giving up.24. Tourism enables the Chinese people to know more about the outside world and ____________friendship and understanding.25. Every time you shop at this store, you will earn 5% rewards, which can be used toward future [_______________].26. Throughout the world, urbanization has drawn people by the millions into________ poverty.Key:1) acquire2) ethical3) acquired4) acquired5) acquire6) gained7) gained8) gain9) gain10) gained11) ethics12) acquiring13) ethical14) polished15) replaced16) bump17) polished18) replaced19) desperate20) promotes21) bump22) outworking23) persistence24) promotes25) purchases26) desperate。

高考英语新人教课本词汇语块期末总复习必修一Unit 1一、阅读单词（识认）1. ballet n. 芭蕾舞2. teenage adj. 十几岁的（指13至19岁）；青少年的3. greenhouse n. 温室；暖房4. title n. 名称；标题；职称；头衔5 freshman n. 新生6. literature n. 文学；文学作品7. extracurricular adj. 课外的；课程以外的8. extra adj. 额外的；附加的9. adventure n. 冒险；奇遇10. editor n. 主编；编辑；编者11. generation n. 一代（人）12. adult n. 成年人adj. 成年的；成熟的二、重点单词（背诵）1. movement n. 动作；运动；活动2. actually adv. 事实上；的确3. teenager n. （13至19岁之间的）青少年4. debate n. 辩论；争论vt. & vi. 辩论；争论5. content n. 内容；(pl.) 目录；主题6. topic n. 话题；标题7. recommend vt. 建议；推荐；介绍8. obviously adv. 显然；明显地9. quit vi. & vt. 停止；戒掉；离开10. schedule n. 工作计划；日程安排vt. 安排；预定111. youth n. 青年时期；青春12. expert n. 专家；行家adj. 熟练的；内行的；专家的13. focus vi. & vt. 集中（精力、注意力等）n. 中心；重点；焦点三、词性转换（会用）1. volunteer n. 志愿者vt. & vi. 自愿voluntary adj. 志愿的；自愿的2. prefer vt. 较喜欢；选择某事物（而不选择其他事物）preference n. 偏爱；爱好3. suit n. 一套外衣；套装vt. 适合；使适宜suitable adj. 合适的；适用的4. challenge n. 挑战；艰巨任务vt. 怀疑；向……挑战challenging adj. 具有挑战性的5. confuse vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑confusing adj. 难以理解的；不清楚的confused adj. 糊涂的；迷惑的confusion n. 困惑；混淆6. fluent adj. （尤指外语）流利的；熟练的fluently adv. 流利地fluency n. 流利7. graduate vi. & vt. 毕业；获得学位n. 毕业生graduation n. 毕业8. advance n. 前进；发展vi. 前进；发展vt. 发展；促进advanced adj. 高级的；高等的；先进的9. responsible adj. 负责的；有责任的responsibility n. 责任；义务10. solution n. 解决办法；答案solve v. 解决；处理；解答；破解11. survive vi. 幸免；幸存；生还vt. 幸免于survival n. 生存；幸存；幸存事物survivor n. 幸存者12. behaviour n. 行为；举止behave v. 表现；表现得体；有礼貌；表现得……的13. attract vt. 吸引；引起……的注意（或兴趣）attractive adj. 吸引人的；有吸引力的attraction n. 吸引；吸引力；吸引人的事物14. addict vt. 使上瘾n. 对……入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人addicted adj. 有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的addictive adj. 使人上瘾的addiction n. 瘾；入迷；嗜好四、练习——单句语法填空1. The biggest ____________ in our life is ____________ ourselves to overcome the ____________ problems. (challenge)2. The gentleman ____________ a flat in the countryside to one in the city because he has developed a ____________ for the quietness of the country. (prefer)3. A large number of ____________ from the university ____________ to teach in the remote villages. Their ____________ work is well worth praising. (volunteer)4. He was really ____________ by the ____________ problem which also ____________ other people for a long time. (confuse)5. My brother is a ____________ in physics and he ____________ from Beijing University. He has been working in a famous company since ____________. (graduate)6. There are a great many tourist ____________ in China worth visiting. For example, so ____________ is the Summer Palace that it ____________ many visitors from home and abroad. (attract)7. With the help of the ____________ technology, we can complete the task in ____________. (advance)8. The youth should be ____________ for their own behaviors and they are to shoulder the ____________ of improving our society. (responsible)【答案】1. challenge; to challenge; challenging2. prefers; preference3. volunteers; volunteer; voluntary4. confused; confusing; confused5. graduate; graduated; graduation6. attractions; attractive; attracts7. advanced; advance8. responsible; responsibility五、短语词块（提分必备）1. prefer ... to ... 喜欢……多于……2. clean up 打扫（或清除）干净3. suitable for 对……适合的4. sign up (for sth.) 报名（参加课程）5. be responsible for 对……负责6. focus on 集中；特别关注7. try out for 角逐；参加选拔8. hand out 分发9. the number of ……的数量10. behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体11. get used to 习惯于12. keep up with 赶上13. drop out of school 辍学14. be grateful for 因为……而感激15. make the most of 充分利用…。

2010届高考英语核心词汇复习系列第1课时(a—amount)1．单词拼写(1)The captain gave the order to a________ the ship because it was sinking．(2)Plants a________ carbon dioxide and give off oxygen·(3)Tim was looking through an old photo a___________, with pictures of Christmas．(4)I’m sorry about breaking the vase；it was an a________; I mean I did not intend to do it．(5)I've opened an a_____________ with the Agricultural Bank of China．(6)1 will give you my a_______________ (地址) and telephone number．(7)He has never achieved his a________________(夙愿) of becoming a famous writer．(8)She was born without the a____________(能力) to speak．(9)Shelly speaks with a slight a_________(口音)．(10)More than 75％of the land is used for a______________(农业)．2．单项选择(1)I’d like to do more gardening，but I never seem ________ to find the time．A．about B．able C．active D．accurate(2)Slavery was _______ in the U．S．in the 19th century，and slaves were given equal fights．A．absorbed B．abused C．abolished D．adopted(3)A billion people in the world will not have _________ to clean drinking water． A．action B．advance C．access D．agreement(4)Dana admitted _________ hurt by what I had said．A．to feel B．felt C．having felt D．feeling(5)I couldn’t ________ the rent on my own；1 want to find someone to share the room． A．aim B．allow C．afford D．advise(6)The couple are unable to have children of their own，but hope to __________ one． A．adapt B．adopt C．advertise D．acquire(7)一I wish it was time to go home．一 __________．I’m missing my family so much．A．That’s all right B．I couldn’t agree more C．You can’t miss it D．Don’t mention it(8)Not knowing whether he’s dead or _____________ is a terrible feeling．A．1ive B．alone C．alive D．1ively(9)As we can see，it is necessary to get _________ information about the company． A．a large number of B．the number of C．a large amount of D．the amount of(10)Max is hardworking, cheerful, and _________ honest.A. above allB. after allC. at allD. all in all 3．词组填空take action / be aimed at / be addicted to / adapt to / be against / be accused of / agree withbe just about to / add up to / take advantage of(1)The children are finding it hard to____________ the new school．(2)The professor _____________stealing his student’s ideas．(3)The numbers ______________exactly 100．(4)Your story doesn’t ____________ what the police have told us．(5)I ________________ the good weather to paint the door．(6)The use of drugs _______________ the law；it’s illegal．(7)These measures __________________ preventing violent crimes．(8)We ___________________ leave when Jerry arrived．(9)The government must _______________ now to stop the rise in road accidents．(10)Some kids _______________ surfing the Net; they often forget their schoolwork．4．句子翻译(1)Tom没有参加这个会议。