非谓语动词(复习to do和doing,介绍done。接着是高考练习)

高考英语语法核心考点专项复习08：非谓语动词非谓语动词是动词的一大分类，是高中阶段考察最多也是最难的知识点，是学生头疼的一大难题。

本专题从非谓语的分类、判定、用法、题型和考点来讲解，并配以习题练习。

目的：掌握非谓语的形式，学会判别谓语与非谓语，熟练常考题型和用法。

一、非谓语动词分类现在分词doing过去分词done不定式to do动名词doing二、判断非谓语动词非谓语动词作为动词的形式变化，无法充当句子中的谓语动词，因为非谓语动词没有时态的变化。

非谓语动词三种基本形式：to do（不定式），doing（动名词／现在分词），done（过去分词）【精讲精练】请分别找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。

swim，drunk，observed，playing，done，conduct，read，come，having finished，having been done谓语动词：________________________________________________________________非谓语动词：______________________________________________________________【小试牛刀】一. 请用不同标记分别画出下列句子中的非谓语动词和谓语动词。

1. The remaining twenty patients were transferred to another hospital.2. I rea lly understood the meaning of the proverb, “Helping others is the source of happiness.”3. We should lay more emphasis on protecting the surroundings.二. 请用不同标记画出文章中的谓语动词和非谓语动词。

With curiosity, we listened attentively, asking questions and taking notes. The camel ride on the third day was surely the most exciting part of our tour. Looking far into the desert, I pictured how ancient Chinese travelled along the Silk Road. How time flew! Soon it was the last day of our tour. At the train station, we took a p hoto holding a banner with “ Cultural Tour along the Silk Road” on it.二. 非谓语动词的主被动上面讲解了三大基本非谓语动词的主动形式，下面对于每种形式的被动形式进行列举：【精讲精练】请写出下面非谓语动词对应的主动形式／被动形式。

高考英语语法专项复习之非谓语动词非谓语动词(to do/ doing/ done)是语法填空的必考考点。

不仅如此，掌握非谓语动词的基本用法，对增强书面表达的文采和提高阅读理解能力都有明显的作用。

)：考点1：作主语(doing, to do)表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的行为用-ing；表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作用to do 。

用所给动词正确形式填空：1. __________(smoke) may cause cancer.2. __________(finish) the work in ten minutes is impossible for us.3. __________(see) is __________(believe).4. It only took us a year __________(complete) the project.5. It is no use __________(send) him over. It’s too late already.6. It’s no good __________(wait) here. Let’s walk home.7. __________(read) a word is easier than writing it.考点2：作表语(to do, doing, done)(1)像puzzling, surprising, exciting, satisfying, confusing, interesting, astonishing, shocking等doing形式的词表示“令人……的(事物)”；像puzzled, surprised, excited, confused, satisfied等done形式的词表示“(人)感到……的”。

用所给动词正确形式填空：1. My job is __________(teach).2. Her wish is __________(become) an artist.3. She looked __________(disappoint).4. We __________(move) by the __________(move) film.5. My job is__________(interest).6. I am __________(interest) in the __________(interest) book.7. He came in with a __________(satisfy) expression.考点3：作宾语（to do, doing）(1)有些动词只能用to do作宾语。

考点13 非谓语复习课前热身练用单词的适当形式完成句子1．I am looking forward to (receive) your letter. (所给词的适当形式填空)2．(answer). (所给词的适当形式填空)3．He passed me and then turned back,(look) at me with a smile. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, (force) to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. (所给词的适当形式填空)5．Many people find that emotions can stimulate them to eat when they are not hungry, which often leads to (eat) too many calories from foods that have low nutritional value. (所给词的适当形式填空)6．On their return, the father asked his son (explain) what he had learnt. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．At the 2016 Oscar ceremony, DiCaprio’s (win) the award for Best Actor impressed all the audience present. (所给词的适当形式填空)8．King Edgar was the first monarch (bury) there in 1065. (所给词的适当形式填空)9．I joined in a marathon (host) by the city sports club. (所给词的适当形式填空)10．It is the most urgent threat (face) our entire species, and we need to work collectively together and stop procrastinating（拖延）. (所给词的适当形式填空)11．(not do) anything like this before, I didn’t know what kind of reaction I might receive. (所给词的适当形式填空)12．Picking a great gift requires (know) the person you’re giving it to. (所给词的适当形式填空)核心考点梳理（一）非谓语动词的作用句子成分主语宾语表语补语定语状语非谓语不定式✓✓✓✓✓✓动名词✓✓✓✓分词✓✓✓✓（二）非谓语动词的时态和语态不定式主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式To do To be done动作发生在谓语动作之后进行式To be doing与谓语动作同时发生完成式To have done To have been done动作发生在谓语动作之前动名词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式Doing Being done与谓语动作同时发生完成式Having done Having been done动作发生在谓语动作之前现在分词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式Doing Being done与谓语动作同时发生完成式Having done Having been done动作发生在谓语动作之前（三）非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。

高考英语语法复习非谓语动词知识讲解练习英语中的谓语是由动词来充当的，而动词除了可以作谓语之外，其实还常以非谓语的形式充当其他的句子成分。

按照动词是否充当谓语，我们可以把动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词两类。

一、非谓语动词的含义非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语，综合这两点，我们将其叫做非谓语动词。

二、非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。

其中，每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。

具体如下：1、不定式①基本形式：to do（表示主动，并且一般表示将来）②被动式：to be done（表示被动，并且一般表示将来）③进行式：to be doing （表示主动和进行）④完成时：to have done（表示主动和完成）⑤完成被动式：to have been done（表示被动和完成）⑥完成进行式：to have been doing （表示主动和完成进行）例如：The teacher told us to do morning exercises 、老师让我们做早操。

The car to be bought is for his sister.要买的这辆车是给他的姐姐的。

She spantended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom.老师进来时，她假装正在读书。

The thief is said to have escaped.据说小偷已经逃跑了。

The thief is said to have been arrested.据说小偷已经被抓住了。

She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.据说在过去的20年里，她一直在这家工厂工作。

2、动名词①基本形式：doing （表示主动）②被动式：being done（表示被动）③完成式：having done（表示主动和完成）④完成被动式：having been done（表示被动和完成）例如：Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未来，普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。

和to do 连用的固定搭配ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事be pleased /be glad to do sth.很高兴做某事can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事can't afford to do sth.不能担负起干某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事do/try one's best to do sth.尽全力做某事do nothing to do sth.对……无能为力deserve to do sth.值得干某事形容词/副词+enough to do sth.足以做某事encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事find + it + 形容词 +to do sth.发现做某事……get ready to do sth.准备做某事go on to do sth.继续做某事hope to do sth.希望做某事improve sth. to do sth.改善/提高某物来干某事invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人干某事It's better to do sth.干某事比较好It's time to do sth.到该做某事的时间了。

like to do sth.喜欢做某事……like sb. to do sth.喜欢某人做某事love to do sth.爱做某事learn to do sth.学会做某事make one's mind to do sth.下决心做某事make a list of five ways to do sth.列出干某事的五种方式的清单need to do sth.需要做某事plan to do sth.计划干某事prefer to do sth.+ rather than do sth. 喜欢……不喜欢……refuse to do sth.拒绝干某事remember to do 记得要去做某事The best time to do sth. is…干某事的最佳时间是……stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事start/begin to do sth.开始做某事seem to do sth.似乎要做某事set one's mind to do sth.一心要做某事tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事too…to do sth.太……以致于不能……try to do sth. 努力/试着去做……think it necessary for sb. to do sth.认为某人有必要干某事There's no time to do sth.没时间做某事teach sb. (how) to do sth.教某人干某事used to do sth.过去常常干某事 wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事would love to do sth.很愿意做某事would like (sb.) to do sth.想让某人做某事want to do sth.想做某事和doing 连用的固定搭配watch sb. doing sth.观看某人正在做……stop doing sth.停止做某事remember doing sth. 记得已做过某事try doing sth.努力/试着去做……like doing sth.喜欢做某事forget doing sth.忘记已做过某事go on doing sth.继续做某事be busy doing sth.忙于做某事be worth doing sth.某事值得一做carry on doing sth.继续做某事couldn't help doing sth.忍不住做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 feel sb. doing sth.感觉某人正在做某事finish doing sth.完成某事feel like doing sth.想做某事go hiking远足give up doing sth.放弃做某事have fun doing sth.感到做某事很有乐趣have problems doing sth.做某事遇到了很多问题hear sb. doing sth.听见某人正在做某事hate doing sth.不喜欢做某事It is +形容词 +doing sth.做某事……keep on doing sth. /keep doing sth.持续做某事mind doing sth.介意做某事make it possible by doing sth.使做某事成为可能prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人干某事practise doing sth.练习做某事prefer doing sth. to doing sth.宁愿做……也不做……；喜欢做……不喜欢做……stop sb.from doing sth.阻止某人干某事see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在干某事There be sb./sth. doing sth. 某地有某人或某物正在做某事Thank sb. for doing sth.谢谢某人做了某事take an active part in doing sth.积极参加做某事use sth. for doing sth.用某物做某事 (be used to do sth.)What about doing sth.?做某事怎么样？without doing sth.没有干某事work all night doing sth.工作整晚做某事和 do 连用的固定搭配hear sb. do sth.听见某人做过做某事 (sb. be heard to do sth.)watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做了……feel sb. do sth.感觉某人做了某事have sb. do sth.使得某人做某事had better + (not) do sth.最好做（不做）某事let sb. do sth.让某人做某事make sb. do sth.使某人做某事 (sb. be made to do sth.)Why not do sth?为何不做某事?。

非谓语动词【不定式】非谓语动词【不定式】一不定式的作用二不定式的逻辑主语三不定式的时态和语态四省去to 的不定式三种非谓语动词形式，即不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）、分词（现在分词d oing &过去分词done）一不定式的作用1. 作主语（It + to do）不定式作句子主语的情况非常常见，通常有两种结构：（1）不定式t o do 直接放在句首的主语位置例：To l ove f or t he s ake o f b eing l oved i s h uman,but t o l ove f or t he s ake o f l oving i s a ngelic.因为被爱而爱，是人之常情；因为爱而爱，则难能可贵。

（2）不定式t o do 放在句末，而用i t 作形式主语指代句末的不定式这种情况下，又有不同结构，如①“It is +形容词+ to do”结构（此处的形式主语不能用t his 或t hat 来替换）Itis possible to give without loving,but it is impossible to love without giving.我们可以付出而不爱，但不可能爱而不付出。

②其他结构，如It takes time and efforts to master English.It is my duty to help you with English.2. 做宾语（动词+ to do）不定式作句子宾语，通常有三种可能的结构：（1）动词+ to do（句子主语和不定式逻辑主语一致）Ihope to see you again.（2）动词+疑问词+ t o d o在一些动词后，可以在连接代词（what ,which,who）或连接副词（how,when,where）及连词whether 后面接一个带t o 的不定式，可将该结构看成是连接词引导的宾语从句的简略形式。

非谓语动词专练一、判断不定式在句中的成分。

1．To learn a foreign language is difficult.2．His wish is to be a driver.3．Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.4．The teacher told us to do morning exercises.5．I have nothing to say.6．They went to see their aunt.7．It’s easy to see their aunt.8．I don’t know what to do next.9．I heard them make a noise.二、判断非谓语在句中作什么形式的状语。

1.Having finished the homework, I went home.2.Being a Party member, I should work hard.3.Given more time, I can do my work better.4.He ran out of the classroom, shouting at the boy.5.To get more knowledge, we must work harder and harder.6.He is old enough to join the army.三、在下列各句空白处填入所给词的正确形式，并说明理由。

1.Yangshuo is really beautiful. A study of travelers ___________ (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.2.Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people _______ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.3. The adobe dwellings______ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.4.When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _______ (cool) the house during the hot day.5.But the river wasn’t changed in a few days or even a few months. It took years ofwork _________ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.6.While there are ________ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.7. One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about ______ (be) late for school.8. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and ______________ (disappoint).9.I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _________ (stop) until we reached the next stop.四、句子改错，每个句子有一处错误，请找出并改正。

高考英语非谓语动词的基本形式及基本功能名称形式特点功能不定式To do具有名词、形容词、副词、动词的一些特征在句中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语，有形式变化动名词Doing（v+ing）具有名词、形容词、动词的一些特征在句中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语，有形式变化分词Doing（v+ing）Done（v+ed具有形容词、副词的一些特征在句中可做表语、定语、状语、补足语，现在分词有形式变化不定式I．不定式的时态及语态一般式 to do to be done 与谓语动作同时或进行式 to be doing 表示谓语的动作发生时,不定式的动作正在进行完成式 to have done to have been done 先于谓语动作的发生II. 不定式的否定结构:not to do//for sb not to doIII.不定式的句法功能1.主语To see is to believe.It is not easy to learn a language well.(不定式作主语时往往用it做形式主语) 动词不定式做主语的常用句型It is +adj/n +to do sthIt is +adj +of/for sb to do sthIt takes sb sometime to doKind, clever, wise, nice 形容词既表示人物特征，Foolish, stupid, honest, 又表示说话人对不定式Right, correct, wrong, +of sb 动作的评价；形容词与Rude, cruel, careless, 介词宾语成主谓关系Lazy, selfish, horrible如：It's kind of you to help me。

=You are kind to help me。

Easy, hard, difficultPossible, necessary, 形容词说明不定式行为的Important, essential, +for sb 性质,与介词宾语不具有Interesting, unusual,………..主谓关系Interesting, natural如: It's easy for me to learn English.=To learn English is easy for me.2..表语My job is to attend the children.(不定式作表语时,如在它前出现了do, did, does时,不定式符号to 可省掉,例: what you have to do this afternoon is (to) look after the sick child.)3.定语I have a lot of work to do. //She has no place to go.4.宾语I hope to go to Dalian again.I find it interesting to play the violin.(不定式作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,往往用it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语放到后面)5.宾补The teacher told us to clean the windows.I noticed the boy go into the shop.注: feel, listen to, hear, see, watch, notice, observe, look at, make, let ,have等使役动词后宾语补足语时,不定式符号to要省略,但这些句子变为被动语态时,就必须带to 符号. 例:I often hear him sing this song.He is often heard to sing this song.6.状语表示目的: I got up early to(in order to/ so as to) catch the early bus.To/In order to pass the exam, he worked hard.(so as to不能用于句首) 表示原因: We were excited to hear the news.I am sorry to have hurt you.表示结果: I hurried home to find Mary waiting for me.(不定式作结果状语时,常表示未预料之中的事,可在不定式前加only)表示条件: To look at him, you would like him.修饰全句(独立成分) To tell you the truth, I have got no money about me.To be honest, I know nothing about it.不定式做状语的常用句型类别句型原因Be happy/glad/pleased/delighted/sorry….+to doShe seemed surprised to meet us.He looked happy to hear the news.I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.目的In order to doSo as to doGo/ come and do sthI've written it down in order not to forget.He shouted and waved so as to be noticed.If he should return, come and find me结果So as to do…Such… as to do…Enough to doToo… to doWould you be so kind as to land me your bike?I'm not such a foolish man/so foolish man as to do that.Her illness is not such as to cause anxiety.The ice is thick enough to walk on.It was too late for there to be any taxis.注:1) too + pleased/kind/ willing/ glad/eager/anxious… +to do 的结构即不表示结果,也无否定含义.I shall be only too pleased to get home(=I shall be very pleased to get home,) It's too kind of you to have told me that(=You are very kind to have told me that.)使用不定式时要注意以下几点:1.在作tell, show, understand, explain, teach, advise, discuss等词的宾语时, 前面常带疑问词(how, when ,where,what , who…)2.不定式在介词but后面时,如but前有do 的各种形式,那么but 后的to要省略,否则就要带to.另外在cannot but, can't choose but, can't help but后面的to 也省略.We could do nothing but waitWe had nothing to do but wait.We had no choice but to wait.3.作定语的不定式是不及物动词时,不定式后须有相应的介词,但如果所修饰的名词是time, place, way时,不定式后的介词习惯上省略.We have to find a room to live in.Please give me a knife to cut with.He had no money and no place to live.We found a way to solve the problems.4. something is easy to do 类似句型中不定式不用被动形式.There is something to do/There is something to be done05.what, when. Where, how. who…+to do 可在句中做主语\宾语\表语.动名词I.形式:V+ing一般式doing being done 与谓语动作同时发生完成式Having done having been done 在谓语动作之前否定结构Not doing/ not having doneII.动名词的句法功能1.主语: (表示一般或抽象的多次性动作)Smoking is a bad habit.It is no use arguing with him.2.表语(说明主语的具体内容)Her job is building houses.3.宾语He is fond of playing football.//Would you mind my closing the door?4.定语(说明被修饰词的用途)reading materials, swimming pool, waiting room5.同位语His job, building a house, is almost done.使用动名词时要注意的几点1.下列句型常用动名词no use/ goodIt is/was not any use/good + doingof little/gooduseless2.下列动词或动词词组后用动名词allow, advise, admit, appreciate, avoid, can't help, consider, delay,dislike, deny, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, fancy,, favour, imagine, keep, mind, miss, postphone, practise, risk, suggest,be used to, can't help ,give up, go on , give one's life to ,feel like, keep on, insist on, object to,turn to, lead to, look forward to, stick to , devote to, get down to3.既可后跟不定式,又可跟动名词做宾语的动词do 记住去做rememberdoing 记得做过to do 忘了去做forgetdoing 忘了做过to do 对尚未做的事感到遗憾regretdoing// to have done 对做过的事感到遗憾,后悔to do 打算去做meandoing 意味着to do 努力做trydoing 试着做to do 学会learndoing 学做doing 泛指love/like/hate/preferto do 特指具体的动作to do 停下来开始去做某事stopdoing 停止正在做的事(to) do 不能帮助做can't helpdoing 情不自禁的做to do 接着做go ondoing 继续不断地做,继续做同一件事to be doneneed/require/ want/ deserve 结构不同,意思一样doing sth4.start/begin doing/to do 基本可互换但下列情况用不定式1)主语指物时2)后面跟表示感情\思想\和意念的动词时3)begin/start本身是进行时态时It started to rain.She is beginning to cook dinner.She began to realize his mistakes.5.动名词的复合结构my, your, our…me, you, us…..+doingmy father, tom….My father's, Tom's动名词的复合结构作主语时,动名词的复合结构只能用one's +doingWould you mind me/ my/ LI Ming/ Li Ming's opening the window?Mary's crying made her mother angry.His losing the game made us very disappointed.分词分词分现在分词和过去分词其否定结构为not+ 分词,分词在句中意义同形容词和副词,可以承担形容词和副词在句中所承担的句子成分.I.分词的时态和语态一般式doing being done现在分词分词完成式having done having been done过去分词 done2.分词的句法功能1)定语(单个分词作定语时放在所修饰词的前面,分词短语作定语时放在所修饰词的后面)This is an amusing story.The excited people rushed into the building.The boy standing at the door is my cousin.The letter posted yesterday will soon reach him.2)表语The news was inspiring.The glass is broken.We were excited at the news.3)宾补I heard a girl crying next door.I am sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.I found my key lost.4)状语Being a student, I must study hard. 原因While crossing the street, be careful. 时间Given a chance, I can surprise the world.(条件)Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.让步The teacher entered the lab, followed by the students. 伴随状语His parents died, leaving him an orphan. 时间(分词作状语表示结果时常表示意料中的事)注:分词作状语可表示时间,原因,结果,行为方式\伴随状语等,分词作状语时前后主语必须一致,如以上各句.如前后主语不一致必须用独立主格结构即: 名词或代词+分词(doing/done)/不定式/介词/短语/形容词/副词Weather permitting, we'll go sightseeing.条件It being Sunday, we went climbing.原因Work finished, the boy went out to play.时间He lay on his back, his eyes looking up at he sky.伴随The exam to be held tomorrow, I can't go to the cinema tonight.原因School over, We went home.时间He came, his hands red with cold.伴随另外with 的复合结构也是一种独立主格结构.非谓语动词间的比较1.非谓语动词在句子中的作用作用类别主语宾语表语定语补语状语相当词性Vt.prep时间原因条件伴随目的结果不定式√√√√√√√√n./a./adv.动名词√√√√√N分词√√√√√√√√A/adv2.不定式、动名词作主语的区别动作特点时间概念不定式具体的，特定的行为，强调动作多表示将来或已完成动名词抽象的，一般性的行为，强调事情本身多无时间性3.非谓语动词做主语\表语的区别一般可以互换,但如详细地加以区分的话,动名词表示普遍的习惯性的或抽象的动作,不定式则表示某一次具体的动作.I like swimming, but I don't like too swim this afternoon.Her job is giving piano lessons to children, but this Sunday her job is to teach the children how to dance.注:现在分词表示"令人…"多修饰物,过去分词表示"感到…",多修饰人.We were interested in an interesting story.4.非谓语动词做定语的区别和中心词的位置关系与中心词的逻辑关系时间概念不定式总是位于其后多动宾关系多表示将来动名词多位于其前表示其性能,作用无时间(常发生)现在分词单个分词在前分词短语在后多主谓关系(主动)表示正在进行过去分词有动宾关系(被动)表已完成只表示完成(主动)注:现在分词的被动式(being done) 做定语时现在不定式的被动式(to be done) 表示的被动将来及物动词的过去分词(done 动作发生在过去being used in our school now.This is the book to be used in our school next year.used in our school last year5.不定式,分词做宾语补语时的区别现在分词表示动作正在进行,不定式表示动作的整个过程或动作的反复多次.注:感官动词feel, hear, listen to, see, watch, observe, notice, look at和使动词make, let have 后跟不带to 的不定式作宾语,get例外.I heard him singing in the next room just now.I saw him enter the door.(He was seen to enter the door)另外.have/ get sth done 可表示有意或意外.＄When did you have /get your leg broken?When did you have/get your hair cut?6. 分词和不定式做结果状语的区别doing sth (表示逻辑上的结果)(only)+to do sth(表示非逻辑上的结果)It passes right through their bodies, only getting a little thicker and sweeter. He raised himself completely, obliging me to rise too.He smokes a great deal, only making his health worse.I was late for class again, making him more angry.He woke up, only to find his wallet gone.He came here, only to know that she had been tired.He finally arrived, only to get the news that his old friend had already passed away.He was late again, only to find another fellow had taken his place.7.非谓语动词的复合结构1)不定式: for sb to do2)动名词:形容词性物主代词或名词所有格+ doing sth3)分词:分词做状语, 它的逻辑主语往往是句子的主语,如果不是,就的带上自己的逻辑主语,构成独立主格结构,此结构有时也可有with引导.Night falling, we hurried home.The question having been settled, they went home.It being very cold, he made a fire.With winter coming, it's time to buy warm clothes.8.不定式与疑问代词或疑问副词连用,作主语,宾语,表语When to start the work hasn't been decided yet.Please tell me what to do next.The problem is where to find a doctor at once.分词作状语可直接与连词if,though, even though, unless, until, when, while, as, as if, once, that 等连用.He will not come unless invited.While studying, try not to stop at the surface of facts.。

高考英语语法考点讲解与练习一、非谓语动词作定语【知识要点】1、非谓语动词包括四种：-to do不定式，-ing分词，-ed分词和动名词。

（重点为前三种）2、非谓语动词的词性及句法功能①-to do不定式相当于名词、形容词和副词，可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语；②-ing分词相当于形容词和副词，可以在句子中充当表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语；③-ed分词相当于形容词和副词，可以在句子中充当表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语；④动名词相当于名词，可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。

3、前三种非谓语动词的形式与意义① -ing分词的基本意义为：主动或进行，变形有：进行式：doing被动式：being done完成式：having done完成被动式：having been done②-to do不定式的基本意义为：主动将来，变形有：进行式：to be doing被动式：to be done完成式：to have done完成被动式：to have been done③-ed分词表示被动或完成。

4、非谓语动词作定语由于三种非谓语动词都具有形容词的性质，所以它们都可以在句子中充当定语，并根据其在被修饰的名词中心词的前后位置，分为前置定语和后置定语两种。

the falling leaves （-ing分词作前置定语，“正在下落的叶子”）the leaves falling in the sky （-ing分词短语作后置定语，“正在空中下落的叶子”）the coming/following day （-ing分词作前置定语，“第二天”）the day to come （-to do分词短语作后置定语，“第二天”）the fallen leaves （-ed分词作前置定语，“已经落地的叶子/落叶”）the house burnt to the ground （-ed分词短语作后置定语，“被烧成废墟的房子”）【练习】单句语法填空1.Looking at the ______ (fall) leaves in the sky, he knows the fall is coming.2.Seeing the ______ (fall) leaves on the ground, he decided to do some sweeping first before sitting down to have a rest.3.It is said that the building ______ (build) here next year will be completed within one year.4.It is said that the building ______ (build) here now will be completed within one year.5.It is said that the building ______ (build) here last year will be rebuilt soon.6.The gentleman ______ (seat) next to Tom is his best friend.7.The gentleman ______ (sit) next to Tom is his best friend.8.The room was in a mass, with those ______ (break) furniture.9.The purely white snow looks like a beautiful blanket ______ (cover) the land.10.The police have got enough evidence ______ (prove) that he is guilty.11.Turn to the right and you will see a wide road ______ (lead) up to the building.12.If you get the first place, you will win an all expenses ______ (pay) journey.13.All the ______ (question) people supported the government’s latest policy.14.You should keep well the books ______ (borrow) from the library.15.Can those people ______ (seat) at the back hear me?二、非谓语动词作状语【知识要点】非谓语动词作状语由于三种非谓语动词都具有副词的性质，所以它们都可以在句子中充当状语。

(完整版)To-do-和Doing专项讲解及练习-2非谓语动词解说及练习一、什么是非谓语动词？非谓语动词：就是不可以做谓语的动词形式。

主假如动词不定式和动名词。

二、主要形式： 1.动词不定式：to+ 动词原型2.动名词：动词 +ing.自然，神态动词 can,must,may，系动词 be，助动词 be,do,does也不是能独自做谓语，独自时也是非谓语动词。

三、用法在一个句子中，只有一个谓语动词，可是假如一个句子中出现多个动词时怎么办呢，如, I want to stop having a rest. 我想停止歇息。

I want to stiop to have a rest. 我想停下来，去歇息。

这两个句子中就出现了want stop have三个动词，那这就需要只好保存一个谓语动词want. 那就在 stop前加 to ，在 have前加 to或 have后去 e加 ing ，这就把 stop和have变成非谓语动词了。

至于哪些动词后喜爱加动词不定式哪些词后喜爱加动名词，在这儿说几个要点的特其他动词用法：1、使役动词 let， make, have后喜爱跟不带to的动词不定式，也就是动词原形,如：Let ’s play soccer.2、感官动词see, watch, , notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, fee l + do （也就是说这几个词后跟动词不定式时，喜爱把 to去了）表示动作的完好性，真切性；自然这几个词后也能+doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性。

3、 help这个词后接动词不定式时， to可要可不要。

但要注意 help和 with 组成短语时即 help...with.. 时， with 后要接动名词，由于 with 是介词。

help+ 人 +with sth /doing sth.4、 want、 ask、 decide 、hope后喜爱加动词不定式。

超实用高考英语专题复习：专题07 非谓语动词专题距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

这一章我们讲解英文中很重要的动词变化形式--三种非谓语动词形式，即动词不定式(to do),动名词(doing)和两种分词(现在分词doing和过去分词done)。

他们的作用和特点简介如下:不定式，即“不一定是什么词性的成分”，可当作名词，形容词，和副词来使用.因此，不定式在句中能够充当除了谓语以外的任何其他成分。

动名词，相当于名词。

因此，在句中主要充当:主语、宾语和表语分词，相当于形容词和副词。

因此，在句中主要充当:定语、状语和补足语，非谓语动词作句中成分是他们非动词特征的体现，这是我们的学习的重点非谓语动词作为动词的一种变化形式，仍保留有动词的特征，比如有自己的主语，有时态和语态的变化.因此，掌握非谓语动词的三个重点是:句子成分，时态和语态的变化，逻辑主语【课前检测】1.[2020全国I,66] Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change4_______( find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.2.[2020全国Ⅱ,63]They represent the earth ______(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.3.[2020全国Ⅱ,68]They are easy ________( care) for and make great presents.4.[2020 浙江,60]Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology( change) lives.5.[2020天津,14] The dancer's incredible performance had the audience on its feet_______( clap) for 10 minutes at the end of the show.6.[2020北京,8]A piece of stone_______(find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought.7.[2020浙江1月,60]The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large______( compare) to younger generations , and so, on average, the population becomes older than before.8.[2019全国Ⅲ,70] On the last day of our week-long stay , we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars ,________( listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.9.[2019天津,4]_________( learn) to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.10.[2018 全国I,63]You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of______( die) early by running.11.[2018全国，64] Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice_________( improve)water quality.12.[2020全国【改错]My mom told me how to preparing it.13.[2019全国I改错]All the football players on the playground cheered loudly , say that I had a talent for football.14.[2018 全国【改错]My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.课中讲解一、定义不充当句中谓语的动词叫作非谓语动词。

2021年高考英语语法复习非谓语动词考点一非谓语动词作定语1.动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语常表示该动作尚未发生,即动词不定式具备将来含义。

He has a lot of work to do.他有很多工作要做。

He has something good enough to read.他有很好的读物。

动词不定式既可用主动式也可用被动式,但其含义有所不同。

试比较:Do you have anything to send? (动作的执行者是“你”)Do you have anything to be sent?(动作的执行者是“我”或“别人”)。

2.动词-ing形式作定语当该动词与被修饰的名词之间为主动关系或用来表示被修饰词的用途时,用动词-ing形式。

Three days later I received a letter offering me the job.三天后,我收到了一封给我提供这份工作的信。

This is a reading room.这是一个阅览室。

3.过去分词作定语过去分词作定语,被修饰的名词与分词在逻辑上通常是被动关系。

过去分词作定语也可表示完成。

Tsinghua University,founded in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures. 清华大学建立于1911年,是许多杰出人物的摇篮。

This is a book written by a famous Chinese writer.这是一本由一位著名的中国作家写的书。

考点二非谓语动词作状语1.动词不定式作状语,表示目的、原因、结果等。

She came here to work.她来这儿是为了工作。

I’m glad to hear the news.听到这个消息我非常高兴。

He lifted a stone only to drop it on his own feet.他搬起石头结果砸了自己的脚。