山东省潍坊一中高一上学期阶段性试卷

山东省潍坊一中2012-2013学年上学期高一年级第一学段过程性测试语文试卷 第Ⅰ卷（共36分） 一、（15分，每小题3分） 1. 下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一项是 A. 遒劲（jìn）惆怅（chàng）倔强（jiàng）妄自菲薄（fěi） B. 栖息（qī）怪癖（pì）摭拾（zhé）挣脱（zhèng） C. 干瘪（biě）犄角（qī）涨满（zhàng）汗流浃背（jiá） D. 商榷（què）露骨（lù）颤抖（chàn）瞠目结舌（chēng） 2. 下列词语中，没有错别字的一组是 A. 寥阔 苍桑 纵横捭阖 一如既往 B. 睥睨 裨益 稗官野史 至高无上 C. 颤栗 急燥 文采蜚然 掎角之势 D. 笔杆 沉湎 怨天尤人 金璧辉煌 3. 依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是 （1）自去年12月以来，全国铁路公安机关开展冬季严打_____，严厉打击货盗、割盗、拆盗等严重危及行车安全的犯罪活动。

（2）他的男高音是出了名的，这次艺术节，大家一致推举他代表班级表演，但他______身体不好，说什么也不肯出场。

（3）食品是人们生活_____的产品，食品安全关乎百姓身体健康，关乎社会和谐稳定，任何时候都容不得半点疏忽和懈怠。

A. 整治 推脱 必须 B. 整顿 推托 必须 C. 整顿 推脱 必需 D. 整治 推托 必需 4. 下列各句中加点的成语，使用恰当的一项是 A. 尊严就是最能使人高尚起来、使他的活动和他的一切努力具有崇高品质的东西，就是使他无可厚非、受到众人钦佩并高出于众人之上的东西。

B. 记者在售楼部看到，该楼盘优惠均价为5200元／平方米，但前来售楼部看房的人凤毛麟角，大多数人在索取资料后便匆忙离开了。

C. 我吃惊地发现，每个人留在纸上的物件，万千气象，绝不雷同，有些简直让人瞠目结舌。

2022-2023学年山东省潍坊市一中高一6月阶段检测生物试题1.某品种花生的厚壳（A）、薄壳（a）以及高含油量（B）、低含油量（b）是其两对相对性状，各由一对等位基因控制，且独立遗传，已知该品种部分花粉存在不育现象，甲、乙为该品种的纯合子，据下图示所示实验，分析正确的是（）A．F 2中纯合子占1/3B．不育花粉的基因型为ABC．亲本的基因型组合为AABB、aabb或AAbb、aaBBD．薄壳低含油量雌性与F 1杂交，子代中薄壳低含油量的个体占1/42.已知豌豆的高茎对矮茎为显性，黄子叶对绿子叶为显性，两对性状独立遗传。

某科研所进行遗传实验，操作如下图。

假定所有的植株都能成活，理论上收获的F4中绿子叶的比例为（）A．9/16 B．7/16 C．5/8 D．3/83.萨顿提出基因在染色体上的假说后，摩尔根做了如图所示实验。

下列与此实验相关的叙述正确的是（）A．该对相对性状的遗传不符合孟德尔定律B．该实验说明控制果蝇红眼和白眼的基因不在X和Y染色体的同源区段C．利用F 2的白眼雄果蝇与F 1的红眼雌果蝇杂交可以排除基因在常染色体上的可能D．可以确定控制果蝇红眼和白眼的基因不可能只位于Y染色体上4.自然状态下，二倍体小茧蜂（2n＝20，没有Y染色体）为雌蜂，单倍体小茧蜂（n＝10）为雄蜂，雄蜂由卵细胞直接发育而成，人工培育可获得二倍体雄蜂。

小茧蜂的X染色体有三种类型（X A、X B、X C），纯合受精卵发育为雄性，杂合受精卵发育为雌性。

现有一个人工培育群体，雄蜂组成为X A X A：X B X B＝2：1，雌蜂组成为X A X B：X B X C：X A X C ＝1：1：3，该群体中雌雄蜂随机交配，雌蜂的一半卵细胞进行受精，一半卵细胞直接发育（不同基因型的卵细胞发育为雄蜂的概率相同）。

在获得的子代群体中，雌：雄是（）A．5：3 B．3：5 C．1：2 D．2：15.图为某六肽化合物合成的示意图。

下列叙述不正确的是A．与①→②相比，③→⑤特有的碱基配对方式是U－AB．根据图中多肽的氨基酸数可以判断出终止密码子是UCUC．①→②中会产生图中④代表的物质，且④中含有氢键D．若该多肽是一种DNA聚合酶，则它会催化物质①的复制6.许多抗肿瘤药物通过干扰DNA的合成及其它功能抑制肿瘤细胞增殖。

2019-2020学年山东省潍坊市第一中学高一上学期10月阶段性质量检测数学试题一、单选题1．已知全集U =R ，集合{|1}M x x =<，{|2,}x N y y x R ==∈，则集合()U C M N =U （ ）A ．(,1]-∞-B ．(1,2)-C ．(,1][2,)-∞-+∞UD ．[2,)+∞【答案】A【解析】由题意可得：{}{}|11,0M x x N x x =-<<=， 则集合()U M N ⋃=ð (],1-∞-. 本题选择A 选项.2．下列四个命题中的真命题为 A ．x 0∈Z,1<4x 0<3 B ．x 0∈Z,5x 0＋1＝0 C ．∀x ∈R ，x 2－1＝0 D ．∀x ∈R ，x 2＋x ＋2>0 【答案】D【解析】采用逐一排查法．对于A ，若1<4x 0<3，则，故不存在x 0∈Z,使得1<4x 0<3，A 为假命题；对于B ，若5x 0＋1＝0，则，故不存在x 0∈Z,使得5x 0＋1＝0，B 为假命题；对于C ，若x 2－1＝0，则，故对∀x ∈R,x 2－1＝0 不可能成立，C 为假命题；对于D,因为，所以∀x ∈R ，x 2＋x ＋2>0，D 为真命题．3．下列函数中，与函数1y x =+是同一个函数的是 （ ） A ．21)y x =+ B ．331y x =C ．21x y x=+D ．21y x =【答案】B【解析】根据定义域、解析式是否与所给函数是否相同判断即可. 【详解】1y x =+的定义域为R ，()2(1)1y x x =+≥-与()210x y x x=+≠定义域不是R ，A 、C 不合题意;211y x x ==+,解析式与1y x =+不相同，D 不合题意，选项B 中函数定义域、解析式都与所给函数相同， 故选B. 【点睛】本题主要考查函数的基本定义，考查了函数的定义域，属于基础题. 4．下列结论不正确的是（ ） A ．若a b >，0c >，则ac bc > B ．若a b >，0c >，则c c a b> C ．若a b >，则a c b c +>+ D ．若a b >，则a c b c ->-【答案】B【解析】根据不等式的性质，对选项逐一分析，由此得出正确选项. 【详解】对于A 选项，不等式两边乘以一个正数，不等号不改变方程，故A 正确.对于B 选项，若2,1,1a b c ===，则c ca b<，故B 选项错误.对于C 、D 选项，不等式两边同时加上或者减去同一个数，不等号方向不改变，故C 、D 正确.综上所述，本小题选B. 【点睛】本小题主要考查不等式的性质，考查特殊值法解选择题，属于基础题.5．“0a b >>”是“222b a a b <+”的A ．充分不必要条件B ．必要不充分条件C ．充要条件D ．既不充分也不必要条件【答案】A【解析】由题意分别考查充分性和必要性是否成立即可. 【详解】2202a b a b ab >>⇒+>，充分性成立，222a b ab a b +<⇒≠，a ，b R ∈，必要性不成立，故选A ．【点睛】本题主要考查了充分性和必要性的判断，属于基础题.6．如图所示的图形中，可以表示以{|01}M x x =≤≤为定义域，以{|01}N y y =≤≤为值域的函数的图象是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．【答案】C【解析】根据函数的定义可判断． 【详解】解：A 选项，函数定义域为M ，但值域不是N ； B 选项，函数定义域不是M ，值域为N ；D 选项，集合M 中存在x 与集合N 中的两个y 对应，不构成映射关系，故也不构成函数关系． 故选：C ． 【点睛】本题主要考查了函数的概念及表示方法，是基础题. 7．二次函数f (x )＝ax 2＋bx ＋c (x ∈R)的部分对应值如下表： x －3 －2 －1 0 1 2 3 4 y 6m－4－6－6－4n6由此可以判断方程ax 2＋bx ＋c ＝0的两个根所在的区间是 ( ) A ．(－3，－1)和(2,4) B ．(－3，－1)和(－1,1) C ．(－1,1)和(1,2) D ．(－∞，－3)和(4，＋∞)【答案】A【解析】由表格可得二次函数f x （） 对称轴为011022x a +==，＞， 再根据310240f f f f --（）（）＜，（）（）＜ ，可得f x （）的零点所在的区间是31--（，）和24（，），即方程20ax bx c ++= 的两个根所在的区间是31--（，） 和24（，）， 故选A ．8．若函数221y x ax =-+在(,2]-∞上是减函数，则实数a 的取值范围是（ ） A ．(,2]-∞- B ．[2,)-+∞ C ．[2,)+∞ D ．(,2]-∞【答案】C【解析】直接根据二次函数单调性得到答案. 【详解】函数221y x ax =-+在(,2]-∞上是减函数，则对称轴2x a =≥. 故选：C . 【点睛】本题考查了根据二次函数单调性求参数，意在考查学生对于函数单调性的应用. 9．若()y f x =的定义域为(0,2]，则函数2()1f xg x x =-的定义域是（ ）A ．2]B ．[0,1)C ．(0,1)D ．(0,1)2]U【答案】A【解析】根据函数的定义域得到20210x x ⎧<≤⎨->⎩，解得答案.【详解】()y f x =的定义域为(0,2]，则函数2()1f x g x x =-的定义域满足：20210x x ⎧<≤⎨->⎩，解得12x <≤故选：A . 【点睛】本题考查了函数的定义域，意在考查学生对于定义域的理解.10．设奇函数()f x 在(0)+∞，上为增函数，且(1)0f =，则不等式()()0f x f x x--<的解集为（ ）A ．(10)(1)-⋃+∞，， B ．(1)(01)-∞-⋃，， C ．(1)(1)-∞-⋃+∞，， D ．(10)(01)-⋃，， 【答案】D【解析】由f (x )为奇函数可知，()()f x f x x--＝()2f x x<0.而f (1)＝0，则f (－1)＝－f (1)＝0. 当x >0时，f (x )<0＝f (1)； 当x <0时，f (x )>0＝f (－1)． 又∵f (x )在(0，＋∞)上为增函数， ∴奇函数f (x )在(－∞，0)上为增函数． 所以0<x <1，或－1<x <0. 选D点睛：解函数不等式：首先根据函数的性质把不等式转化为(())(())f g x f h x >的形式，然后根据函数的单调性去掉“f ”，转化为具体的不等式(组)，此时要注意()g x 与()h x 的取值应在外层函数的定义域内11．《九章算术》第三章“衰分”介绍比例分配问题：“衰分”是按比例递减分配的意思,通常称递减的比例(百分比)为“衰分比”．如：甲、乙、丙、丁“哀”得100,60,36,21.6个单位,递减的比例为40%,今共有粮(0)m m >石,按甲、乙、丙、丁的顺序进行“衰分”,已知丙衰分得80石,乙、丁衰分所得的和为164石,则“衰分比”与m 的值分别为（ ） A ．20% 369 B ．80% 369C ．40% 360D ．60% 365【答案】A【解析】设“衰分比”为a ,甲衰分得b 石,由题意列出方程组,由此能求出结果． 【详解】解：设“衰分比”为a ,甲衰分得b 石,由题意得23(1)80(1)(1)16480164b a b a b a b m ⎧-=⎪-+-=⎨⎪++=⎩,解得125b =,20%a =,369m =． 故选A ． 【点睛】本题考查等比数列在生产生活中的实际应用,是基础题,解题时要认真审题,注意等比数列的性质的合理运用． 12．已知具有性质：1()f f x x ⎛⎫=-⎪⎝⎭的函数，我们称为满足“倒负”变换的函数下列函数：①1()f x x x =-； ②1()f x x x =+； ③,01()0,11,1x x f x x x x⎧⎪<<⎪==⎨⎪⎪->⎩； ④22()1x f x x =- 其中满足“倒负”变换的函数是（ ） A ．②④ B ．①③C ．②③D ．①④【答案】B【解析】根据“倒负”变换的定义依次判断每个选型得到答案. 【详解】 ①1()f x x x=-，11()f x f x x x⎛⎫=-=- ⎪⎝⎭，故满足； ②1()f x x x=+，11()f x f x x x⎛⎫=+= ⎪⎝⎭，故不满足； ③,01()0,11,1x x f x x x x⎧⎪<<⎪==⎨⎪⎪->⎩，当10x >>时，11x >，故1()f x f x x ⎛⎫=-=- ⎪⎝⎭，满足； 当1x >时，101x <<，11()f f x x x ⎛⎫==- ⎪⎝⎭，满足；当1x =时，1()f f x x ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭，满足。

山东省潍坊市2019-2020学年高一4月阶段性考试英语试题2020.4考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分注意事项：1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. How old is Tony now?A. 15 years old.B. 20 years old.C. 25 years old.2. What do the speakers plan to do?A. Go back home.B. Go out for a walk.C. Have some drinks.3. What is wrong with the printer?A. It’s broken down.B. It runs out of ink.C. It has no paper.4. What is the boat’s top speed?A. About 20 miles per hour.B. About 25 miles per hour.C. About 30 miles per hour.5. What does the woman advise the man to do with his aunt?A. Give her a bird as a gift.B. Take her to an Italian restaurant.C. Show her around the city.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

2020-2021学年山东潍坊高一上第一学段模块监测英语卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择It was late one evening. I can’t remember what it was about, but my dad and I had a very big argument (争吵) when my mom was away. We both said things we didn’t mean, and in the end I said, “I’m leaving.” And he said, “Good. The sooner, the better.”I threw a few things in a suitcase and closed the door angrily behind me, not knowing where I was going. After walking aimlessly for about 20 minutes, I stopped at a local supermarket. Then my phone rang. It was my mom calling. She said, “Hey, Mary. Where are you? Dad is worried about you.”“How can he worry about me? I’ve been away for nearly half an hour, but he didn’t call,” I said with annoyance (烦恼). My anger ret urned and I remembered all the hateful things he’d shouted to me. “Listen, Mom. You can tell Dad that I’m fine. I’ll call you tomorrow,” I said and hung up.I walked around the store, trying to get my thoughts together. By the time I paid for mypurchases, it had been much later than I used to be out alone. When I left the supermarket, a large piece of white paper was in front of me. On the piece of white paper were these words: “Please come home! I miss you and I’m worried about you!”Then a car pulled up beside me. Hanging out of the window was my dad. Beside him, smiling gently, sat my mom. And that’s when I started laughing. I laughed so hard that I cried. Despite (尽管) my best efforts to run away from home, my father finally managed to track me down. I c ouldn’t leave now, not with him sitting there with caring eyes.1．Hearing Mary decided to leave home, Mary’s father was very__________.A．worried B．angryC．nervous D．surprised2．After her mother called her, Mary__________.A．became angrier than beforeB．gave in to her fatherC．cried and calmed downD．agreed to go home3．What does the underlined word “purchases” in Paragraph 4 mean?A．actions Mary regretted B．goods Mary boughtC．telephone calls Mary made D．lessons Mary learned4．What probably happened at the end of the story?A．Mary returned home happily.B．Mary still refused to go home.C．Mary’s father became angry again.D．Mary’s mother hated her father.As a funny student, Brian loved watching comedies (喜剧) best and hoped to become a comedy actor one day. When he heard about the talent show (才艺展示) to be held at this school, Brian decided to take part in it.He had never acted in public before, and he was very excited. But some students laughed at him. “You are not funny but silly,” Ken, one of his classmates, said to his face. “No one will like what you do,” another boy also said to him, loudly.Brian couldn’t understand why they were so unkind to him. F or a moment, he thought about giving up the show. But he remembered how much his friends liked his jokes, and also his teachers said he was very funny. So he decided to prepare for the show.Brian did a great job at the talent show. Everyone loved his performance (表演), and he won the first prize! His teachers and friends were proud of him. Even so, Ken told Brian that he was not funny, and that he would never be successful. Brian didn’t understand why Ken said so, but he realized that it had nothing to do with him. He confidently continued to work towards his dream.As the years went on, Brian met more people like Ken. “You’ll do a terrible job,” they said to him. Luckily, most people encouraged him and some helped him to become even funnier. He got a lot of chances to perform in movies. He was even invited to appear on television. His fans thanked him because his comedies made them feel good when they were unhappy. Now Brian is a big comedy star! He is doing what he loves best. He never feels worried like those unkind people, and he laughs all day long!5．What was Brian’s wish as a student?A．To be a comedy actor.B．To go to a famous university.C．To take part in a talent show.D．To make more new friends.6．What did Brian do after winning the first prize?A．He began to understand Ken.B．He became a teacher of acting.C．He encouraged others to join him.D．He went on working hard.7．Brian’s fans thanked him because his comedies brought them__________.A．success B．pleasure C．luck D．prideOne cold day in winter, my wife and I were walking back home from the grocery store as usual when we suddenly decided to walk into a coffee shop.My wife ordered a coffee at the counter. Just then, I saw a young woman in her thirties helping with a rather weak Mexican woman into the shop. Maybe it was the gentleness of their difficult experiences or an unclear familiarity with the situation that drew my full attention. I immediately had a strong wish to do something for them. Unfortunately, before I could think of anything reasonable to say, they left the coffee shop without ordering anything!When my wife returned, I told her about the two women and said, “I missed the chance to do something for them.” Strangely enough, though, they came back into the same coffee shop five minutes later. Unbelievable! “This is my chance,” I thought out loud as my wife shared some creative possibilities. The two women ordered, took their place card and left the counter.After quickly finishing our coffee, we walked up to the counter and asked the smiling cashier, “What is your most popular dessert?” “Chocolate Cake,” she answered. With a childlike feeling of happiness, my wife made an unusual order. “Can I buy a chocolate cake for the two women who were here just before us? But don’t tell them it is from us. Just give them this card,” she said while taking out a smile card. The cashier couldn’t believe it. “Do you do this all the time?” she asked. “Not all the time, but just whenever the heart calls for it,” I answered with a natural smile.We, my wife and I, are people of middle income. That night, we had planned to have our once-in-a-while dinner at a restaurant. But walking out of that coffee shop, both of us stood upright and said, “Let’s eat at home today.” It’s more filling(能填饱肚子的) to give a chocolate cake than to eat it.8．How did the author feel when he first saw the two women?A．Proud. B．Frightened.C．Interested. D．Upset.9．The author missed the first chance to help the two women because_____________. A．they refused to receive the author’s helpB．the author didn’t bring too much moneyC．the author’s wife took away his walletD．they left the coffee shop immediately10．What did the author’s wife do for the two women?A．She shared some good ideas. B．She ordered a cake for them.C．She made a usual order for them. D．She bought them a smile card. 11．Why did the author and his wife decide to eat at home?A．They had no money left.B．They had drunk enough coffee.C．They were full of happiness from giving.D．They wanted to go home to take a rest earlier.Your weight has been important since the moment you were born. Maybe you even know what your birth weight was. Most newborns weigh between 6 and 9 pounds, but some may weigh more and some less. But very quickly, a baby gains weight and everyone is glad about that because it means the child is growing bigger and stronger.As you get older, your weight is still important. It's something your parents and doctor will probably keep an eye on. When you go for a checkup, the doctor often will record your height and weight and compare it with what it was the last time you came in. The doctor wants to check whether you have a healthy weight because weighing too much or too little can be a problem.But these days, being overweight is more common than being underweight. In the last 30 years, a growing number of kids and teenagers have developed weight problems. Today, 1 out of 3 kids and teens between the ages of 2 and 19 are overweight. Many grown-ups understand what it's like to have weight problems, since 2 out of every 3 adults (成年人) are overweight..wfsqzkss.For kids and adults, weighing too much can lead to illnesses and health problems. And a kid who is overweight might be made jokes on or find it hard to keep up with friends on theplayground. When people talk about being overweight, they mean that someone has more body fat than is healthy. Everyone has some body fat, but extra (多余的) fat can influence someone's health and ability to walk, run, and get around, as well as how the person looks and his or her self-respect.12．Why is everyone happy hearing a baby become fatter?A．The baby is growing healthily.B．The parents are rich enough.C．The mother has enough milk.D．The family is in good situation.13．The doctor compares your height and weight in order to __________.A．complete a check itemB．see if you have a healthy weightC．know about your living habitsD．set up your checkup book14．Which group has the largest number of people with overweight problems? A．Babies. B．Kids. C．Adults. D．The old. 15．What is the last paragraph mainly about ?A．Importance of keeping weight.B．Ways to avoid becoming overweight.C．Reasons for getting overweight.D．Bad influence of being overweight.二、七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

山东省潍坊第一中学2024届化学高一第一学期期中质量检测模拟试题注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．一、选择题(共包括22个小题。

每小题均只有一个符合题意的选项）1、下列叙述中，错误的是（）A．1mol硫酸中含有4mol氧原子B．硫酸的摩尔质量是98gC．6.02×1023个硫酸分子的质量是98g D．0.5mol硫酸中含有1g氢元素2、下列离子方程式中，正确的是A．石灰石与盐酸反应：CO32－+2H+=CO2↑+H2OB．铜和硝酸银溶液反应：Cu+Ag+＝Cu2++AgC．向NaHSO4溶液中滴加Ba(OH)2溶液至离子恰好沉淀完全：Ba2++2OH－+2H++SO42－=BaSO4↓+2H2OD．NH4HCO3溶液与过量HCl溶液混合：HCO3－+H+=CO2↑+H2O3、在探究新制饱和氯水成分的实验中，下列根据实验现象得出的结论不正确的是A．氯水的颜色呈浅绿色，说明氯水中含有Cl2B．向氯水中滴加硝酸酸化的AgNO3溶液，产生白色沉淀，说明氯水中含有Cl－C．向氯水中加入NaHCO3粉末，有气泡产生，说明氯水中含有H＋D．向FeCl2溶液中滴加氯水，溶液颜色变成棕黄色，说明氯水中含有HClO4、结晶水合物KAl(SO4)2·12H2O是（）A．纯净物B．混合物C．溶液D．俗称胆矾5、对于某些离子的检验及结论一定正确的是A．加入氢氧化钠溶液并加热，产生的气体能使湿润红色石蕊试纸变蓝，推断溶液中含有NH4+B．加入碳酸钾溶液产生白色沉淀，再加盐酸白色沉淀消失，推断溶液中含有Ca2+C．加入稀盐酸产生无色气体，将气体通入澄清石灰水中，溶液变浑浊，推断溶液中含有CO32—D．加入氯化钡溶液有白色沉淀产生，再加盐酸，沉淀不消失，推断溶液中含有SO42—6、下列各组物质中，依次属于单质、酸、盐的一组是A．液氯、硝酸、纯碱B．干冰、石灰石、氧化钙C．钠、烧碱、食盐D．氧气、盐酸、熟石灰7、下列仪器中，常用于物质分离的是A．①③④B．②③④C．②④D．①②④8、某位同学配制一定物质的量浓度的NaOH溶液时，造成所配溶液浓度偏高的原因是A．定容时，仰视凹液面最低点B．向容量瓶中加水未到刻度线C．有少量NaOH溶液残留在烧杯里D．用带游码的托盘天平称2.4gNaOH时误用了“左码右物”方法9、将蛋白质溶液放在半透膜上静置，溶液的成分通过半透膜的情况如图所示。

山东潍坊一中2018-2019学度高一上学期第一学段过程性测试化学试题（word版）有解析化学试卷〔时间60分钟，总分值100分〕第一卷〔选择题共45分〕相对原子质量：H－1 C－12 N－14 O－16 Na－23 S－32 Cl－35.5 Cu－64 【一】选择题〔每题只有一个选项符合题意，每题3分，共45分〕1.以下科研成果不是由我国发明或创造的是A.世界上第一个由人工合成的、具有生理活性的蛋白质——结晶牛胰岛素B.黑火药和造纸C.发明元素周期律D.世界上首次人工合成的酵母丙氨酸转移核糖核酸2.物质的性质决定物质反应的现象，关于钠与水反应的现象和钠的以下性质无关的是A.钠的熔点较低B.钠的密度小于水C.钠的硬度较小D.钠的性质特别活泼3.以下各种物理性质中，对氯气来说不正确的选项是A.黄绿色的气体B.密度比空气小C.能溶于水D.有刺激性气味4.在配制物质的量浓度溶液的实验中，最后用胶头滴管定容后，液面正确的选项是5.以下表达正确的选项是A.1molO2的质量为32g·mol1-B.lmol物质的质量等于该物质的相对分子质量或相对原子质量C.SO4-2的摩尔质量为96g·mol1-D.CO2的摩尔质量为44g6.“5.12汶川大地震”后，消毒尤为重要，其中常用的消毒剂为“84”消毒液，市场上销售的“84”消毒液，其商品标识上有如下表达：①本品为无色溶液，呈碱性②使用时加水稀释③可对餐具、衣物进行消毒，可漂白浅色衣服那么其有效成分可能是A.Cl2B.SO2C.NaClOD.KMnO47.以下物质的体积约为22.4L的是A.标准状况下1molH2OB.20℃、101kPa时36.5gHClC.常温常压下17gNH3D.标准状况下0.4molH2和0.6molO2的混合气8.以下关于钠的说法不正确的选项是A.金属钠与O2反应，条件不同，产物不同B.过氧化钠可在防毒面具中作供氧剂C.钠的化学活泼性特别强，少量的钠可保存在煤油中D.将金属钠投入水中，生成氢氧化钠，同时放出O29.将一小块钠投入盛50mL澄清饱和石灰水的烧杯里，不可能观看到的现象是A.钠熔成小球并在液面上游动B.有气体生成C.溶液底部有银白色物质生成D.溶液变浑浊10.能使干燥有色布条褪色的物质是A.氯气B.氯化氢C.氯水D.氢氧化钠11.在标况下，以下各组气体混合其平均相对分子量可达到40的是A.N2和O2B.CO2和O2C.SO2和CO2D.HI和Cl212.以下说法正确的选项是〔NA表示阿伏加德罗常数的值〕A.在常温常压下，11.2LN2含有的分子数为0.5NAB.在常温常压下，1mol氖气含有的原子数为2NAC.71gCl2所含原子数为2NAD.在同温同压下，相同体积的任何气体单质所含的原子数相同13.体积相同的某营养液两份，其配方如下：KCl K2SO4ZnSO4ZnCl2〔1〕0.3mol 0.2mol 0.1mol〔2〕0.1mol 0.3mol 0.1mol 两份营养液中各离子的浓度A.完全相同B.完全不同C.仅c〔K+〕相同D.仅c〔Cl-〕相同14.在标准状况下，相同质量的以下气体，占有体积由大到小的顺序是①Cl2②H2③N2④CO2⑤O2A.③②④⑤①B.③②④③①C.①④⑤②③D.②③⑤④①15.在一定温度、压强下，1体积X2〔气〕和3体积Y2〔气〕化合生成2体积的气体化合物，那么该气体化合物的化学式为A.XY3B.XYC.X3YD.X2Y3第二卷〔非选择题共55分〕【二】填空题16.〔每空3分，共12分〕〔1〕相同质量的SO2气体和SO3气体，其分子数之比为______，氧原子数之比为______，相同条件下〔同温同压〕的体积之比为______，密度之比为______。

选择题对于描述运动的概念，下列说法正确的是A.因为地球很大，所以在研究地球公转周期时不能把地球看做质点B.正在行驶的汽车中的乘客看到路边的树在后退，他是以地面为参考系来看树的运动C.李雷沿400m环形跑道跑一圈用时100s，他的平均速度大小为4m/sD.甲物体以10m/s2加速度做匀减速运动，乙物体以5m/s2加速度做匀加速运动，甲物体的速度变化一定比乙物体的快【答案】D【解析】A. 研究地球绕太阳运动的周期时，地球的体积相对于和太阳之间的距离来说是可以忽略的，故A错误；B.路边的树向后退去，树是运动的，树和汽车（乘客）之间发生了位置的改变，所以树向后运动是以汽车（乘客）为参照物的，故B错误；C.李雷沿400m环形跑道跑一圈用时100s，位移为0，所以他的平均速度大小为0，故C错误；D.加速度反映速度变化的快慢，由题知甲的加速度大于乙的加速度，所以甲物体的速度变化一定比乙物体的快，故D正确。

选择题做匀加速直线运动的物体加速2s，加速度大小为4m/s2，末速度为10m/s，则此物体第2s的位移大小为A.8mB.12mC.16mD.28m【答案】A【解析】设第1s末的速度为，根据速度公式有：则有：m/s则第2s内的位移大小为：m故选A。

选择题某成年男子在颠足球，若图示位置为足球运动的最高点，在颠球过程中他的脚部几乎不动，下列选项中与足球离脚时的速度大小最接近的A.1m/sB.2m/sC.3m/sD.6m/s【答案】C【解析】由图可知，足球上升到的高度略小于人的高度的一半，大约有0.7m，人的脚的上表面距离地面得高度约0.15m；足球被颠起后做竖直上抛运动，设初速度为v，上升的高度为h，则：解得：m/s故选C。

选择题小物块在向上的力F的作用下沿竖直墙面向上运动，如下图所示，下列说法正确的是A.墙面对小物块一定有弹力作用B.墙面对小物块可能有弹力作用C.小物块一定不受摩擦力D.小物块一定受向下的滑动摩擦力【答案】C【解析】物体在力F作用下沿竖直墙面向上运动，水平方向受力平衡，则墙壁对物体没有弹力，没有弹力也就没有摩擦力，而竖直方向只受重力和F的作用，故选C。